Stock-Based Compensation | 12. Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognized total stock-based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Service based awards: Restricted stock awards $ - $ 20,222 $ - $ 1,292,125 Restricted stock units 502,080 166,417 1,273,903 166,417 Stock option awards 596,657 427,944 1,795,819 967,377 1,098,737 614,583 3,069,722 2,425,919 Performance based awards: Restricted stock units (332,389) - 468,814 - Stock option awards 110,065 - 356,505 - (222,324) - 825,319 - Total $ 876,413 $ 614,583 $ 3,895,041 $ 2,425,919 The decrease in stock-based compensation associated with performance based awards for restricted stock units is the result of a change in vesting criteria from probable to improbable based on the CMS Final Rule as described in Note 17 below. This change resulted in a reduction of stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Restricted Stock A summary of the Company’s restricted stock awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows: Weighted Average Grant-Date Number of Shares Fair Value Unvested at December 31, 2018 $ 5.70 Unvested at September 30, 2019 $ 5.70 A summary of the Company’s restricted stock awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows: Weighted Average Grant-Date Number of Shares Fair Value Unvested at December 31, 2017 480,000 $ 7.27 Forfeited (333,200) 5.70 Unvested at September 30, 2018 146,800 $ 5.70 The fair value of restricted stock awards are measured based on their fair value on the date of grant and amortized over the vesting period of 20 months. As of September 30, 2019 unvested restricted stock awards of 146,800 were related to performance based awards. Service Based Restricted Stock Units A summary of the Company’s service based restricted stock units during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows: Weighted Average Grant-Date Number of Shares Fair Value Unvested at December 31, 2018 472,959 $ 4.32 Granted 222,497 4.26 Forfeited (4,950) 4.81 Vested (96,542) 4.70 Unvested at September 30, 2019 593,964 $ 4.23 The fair value of service based restricted stock units are measured based on their fair value on the date of grant and amortized over the vesting period. The vesting periods range from 1-3 years. Stock-based compensation expense of $0.5 million and $1.3 million was recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Stock-based compensation expense of $0.2 million was recognized for each of three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense was $1.3 million. Performance Based Restricted Stock Units A summary of the Company’s performance based restricted stock units during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows: Weighted Average Grant-Date Number of Shares Fair Value Unvested at December 31, 2018 988,958 $ 4.48 Unvested at September 30, 2019 988,958 $ 4.48 Stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance based restricted stock units was ($0.3) million and $0.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company did not record stock-based compensation expenses related to the performance-based grants as of September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to performance based restricted stock units was $1.0 million. The performance based restricted stock unit compensation was reduced by $0.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to a change in vesting criteria from probable to improbable for certain performance based awards. The Company will continue to review this performance award criteria and recognize compensation costs as it relates to the probability of vesting. Service Based Stock Options The fair value of the service based stock options granted for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were based on the following assumptions: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 2018 Exercise price $2.39 - $6.21 $4.52 - $5.75 Expected stock price volatility 67.5% - 70.3% 67.5% Risk-free interest rate 1.4% - 2.6% 2.7% - 2.9% Term (years) 5.25 - 6.5 5.0 - 6.5 A summary of the Company’s service based stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Shares Average Remaining Aggregate Underlying Exercise Contractual Intrinsic Options Price Term Value Outstanding at December 31, 2018 7,856,480 $ 7.50 5.2 $ - Granted 576,477 4.17 9.2 12,074 Exercised (30,000) 4.93 - - Forfeited (620,700) 6.34 - - Outstanding at September 30, 2019 7,782,257 $ 7.35 5.1 $ 12,074 Exercisable at September 30, 2019 6,340,901 $ 8.07 4.2 $ - A summary of the Company’s service based stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Shares Average Remaining Aggregate Underlying Exercise Contractual Intrinsic Options Price Term Value Outstanding at December 31, 2017 6,906,001 $ 7.92 5.0 $ 976,335 Granted 1,337,271 4.96 9.4 Exercised (5,000) 6.59 - Forfeited (190,167) 6.59 - Outstanding at September 30, 2018 8,048,105 $ 7.46 5.2 $ 365,135 Exercisable at September 30, 2018 6,248,160 $ 7.90 4.1 $ 365,135 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is calculated as the difference between the closing price of our common stock and the exercise price of the stock options that had strike prices below the closing price. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company granted to certain employees stock options to purchase up to 576,477 shares of common stock. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, forfeitures were 620,700. Forfeitures are recorded in the period of occurrence; compensation expense is adjusted accordingly. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for service based stock options was $0.6 million and $1.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and $0.4 million and $1.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, total stock-based compensation expense related to unvested options not yet recognized totaled approximately $2.1 million. Performance Based Stock Options A summary of the performance based stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, is as follows: Weighted Average Exercise Number of Shares Price Outstanding at December 31, 2018 388,125 $ 4.70 Outstanding at September 30, 2019 388,125 $ 4.70 Exercisable at September 30, 2019 - $ - Stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance based stock options was $0.1 million and $0.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance based stock options was $51,000 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to performance based stock options was $0.6 million. |