ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | 7. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for estimated probable loan losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. The allowance is provided based upon management’s ongoing quarterly assessment of the pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These factors include changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency levels, actual loan loss experience, current economic conditions and a detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectability may not be assured. The detailed analysis includes techniques to estimate the fair value of loan collateral and the existence of potential alternative sources of repayment. The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are considered impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value (less estimated selling costs, if applicable) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-impaired loans based on the Company’s risk rating system and historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The Company calculates its historical loss rates using the average of the last four quarterly 24-month periods. The Company calculates and applies its historical loss rates by individual loan types in its loan portfolio. These historical loss rates are adjusted for qualitative and environmental factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that the Company believes have resulted in incurred losses that have not yet been allocated to specific elements of the general and specific components of the allowance for loan losses. Such factors include uncertainties in economic conditions, uncertainties in identifying triggering events that directly correlate to subsequent loss rates, changes in appraised value of underlying collateral, risk factors that have not yet manifested themselves in loss allocation factors and historical loss experience data that may not precisely correspond to the current loan portfolio or economic conditions. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the loan portfolio. The appropriate allowance level is estimated based upon factors and trends identified by the Company as of the date of the filing of the consolidated financial statements. When available information confirms that specific loans or portions thereof are uncollectible, identified amounts are charged against the allowance for loan losses. The existence of some or all of the following criteria will generally confirm that a loss has been incurred: the loan is significantly delinquent and the borrower has not demonstrated the ability or intent to bring the loan current; the Company has no recourse to the borrower, or if it does, the borrower has insufficient assets to pay the debt; and/or the estimated fair value of the loan collateral is significantly below the current loan balance, and there is little or no near-term prospect for improvement. Management’s evaluation of the allowance for loan losses is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments of the known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. Loss factors are based on the Company’s historical loss experience with additional consideration and adjustments made for changes in economic conditions, changes in the amount and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, changes in collateral values, seasoning of the loan portfolio, duration of the current business cycle, a detailed analysis of impaired loans and other factors as deemed appropriate. These factors are evaluated on a quarterly basis. Loss rates used by the Company are affected as changes in these factors increase or decrease from quarter to quarter. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to make additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examinations. The following tables present a reconciliation of the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated (in thousands): Three months ended Commercial Commercial Multi- Real Estate December 31, 2021 Business Real Estate Land Family Construction Consumer Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 2,261 $ 11,795 $ 232 $ 530 $ 231 $ 841 $ 610 $ 16,500 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 381 (2,178) (66) 207 71 148 162 (1,275) Charge-offs (62) — — — — (1) — (63) Recoveries — — — — — 11 — 11 Ending balance $ 2,580 $ 9,617 $ 166 $ 737 $ 302 $ 999 $ 772 $ 15,173 Nine months ended December 31, 2021 Beginning balance $ 2,416 $ 14,089 $ 233 $ 638 $ 294 $ 852 $ 656 $ 19,178 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 226 (4,472) (67) 99 8 115 116 (3,975) Charge-offs (62) — — — — (14) — (76) Recoveries — — — — — 46 — 46 Ending balance $ 2,580 $ 9,617 $ 166 $ 737 $ 302 $ 999 $ 772 $ 15,173 Three months ended December 31, 2020 Beginning balance $ 2,180 $ 13,209 $ 245 $ 745 $ 720 $ 1,155 $ 612 $ 18,866 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 286 181 (43) (121) (198) (137) 32 — Charge-offs — — — — — (15) — (15) Recoveries — 332 — — — 9 — 341 Ending balance $ 2,466 $ 13,722 $ 202 $ 624 $ 522 $ 1,012 $ 644 $ 19,192 Nine months ended December 31, 2020 Beginning balance $ 2,008 $ 6,421 $ 230 $ 854 $ 1,149 $ 1,363 $ 599 $ 12,624 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 448 6,969 (28) (230) (627) (277) 45 6,300 Charge-offs — — — — — (103) — (103) Recoveries 10 332 — — — 29 — 371 Ending balance $ 2,466 $ 13,722 $ 202 $ 624 $ 522 $ 1,012 $ 644 $ 19,192 The following tables present an analysis of loans receivable and the allowance for loan losses, based on impairment methodology, at the dates indicated (in thousands): Allowance for Loan Losses Recorded Investment in Loans Individually Collectively Individually Collectively Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated for for for for December 31, 2021 Impairment Impairment Total Impairment Impairment Total Commercial business $ — $ 2,580 $ 2,580 $ 105 $ 222,430 $ 222,535 Commercial real estate — 9,617 9,617 127 566,529 566,656 Land — 166 166 — 11,351 11,351 Multi-family — 737 737 — 53,865 53,865 Real estate construction — 302 302 — 18,365 18,365 Consumer 11 988 999 506 88,945 89,451 Unallocated — 772 772 — — — Total $ 11 $ 15,162 $ 15,173 $ 738 $ 961,485 $ 962,223 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ — $ 2,416 $ 2,416 $ 120 $ 265,025 $ 265,145 Commercial real estate — 14,089 14,089 1,468 541,999 543,467 Land — 233 233 710 13,330 14,040 Multi-family — 638 638 753 44,261 45,014 Real estate construction — 294 294 — 16,990 16,990 Consumer 11 841 852 530 58,049 58,579 Unallocated — 656 656 — — — Total $ 11 $ 19,167 $ 19,178 $ 3,581 $ 939,654 $ 943,235 Non-accrual loans: The following tables present an analysis of loans by aging category at the dates indicated (in thousands): Total 90 Days Past and Due and Total 30-89 Days Greater Non- Loans December 31, 2021 Past Due Past Due Non-accrual accrual Current Receivable Commercial business $ 880 $ 1,534 $ 123 $ 2,537 $ 219,998 $ 222,535 Commercial real estate — — 127 127 566,529 566,656 Land — — — — 11,351 11,351 Multi-family — — — — 53,865 53,865 Real estate construction 291 — — 291 18,074 18,365 Consumer 2,379 — 56 2,435 87,016 89,451 Total $ 3,550 $ 1,534 $ 306 $ 5,390 $ 956,833 $ 962,223 Total 90 Days Past and Due and Total 30-89 Days Greater Non- Loans March 31, 2021 Past Due Past Due Non-accrual accrual Current Receivable Commercial business $ 98 $ 175 $ 182 $ 455 $ 264,690 $ 265,145 Commercial real estate — — 144 144 543,323 543,467 Land — — — — 14,040 14,040 Multi-family — — — — 45,014 45,014 Real estate construction — — — — 16,990 16,990 Consumer 143 1 69 213 58,366 58,579 Total $ 241 $ 176 $ 395 $ 812 $ 942,423 $ 943,235 Credit quality indicators: Pass Watch Special mention Substandard Doubtful Loss The following tables present an analysis of loans by credit quality indicators at the dates indicated (in thousands): Total Special Loans December 31, 2021 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Receivable Commercial business $ 221,782 $ 516 $ 237 $ — $ — $ 222,535 Commercial real estate 544,867 15,541 6,248 — — 566,656 Land 11,351 — — — — 11,351 Multi-family 53,783 74 8 — — 53,865 Real estate construction 18,365 — — — — 18,365 Consumer 89,395 — 56 — — 89,451 Total $ 939,543 $ 16,131 $ 6,549 $ — $ — $ 962,223 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ 264,564 $ 399 $ 182 $ — $ — $ 265,145 Commercial real estate 494,010 42,045 7,412 — — 543,467 Land 14,040 — — — — 14,040 Multi-family 44,941 49 24 — — 45,014 Real estate construction 16,990 — — — — 16,990 Consumer 58,510 — 69 — — 58,579 Total $ 893,055 $ 42,493 $ 7,687 $ — $ — $ 943,235 Impaired loans and troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”): The following tables present the total and average recorded investment in impaired loans at the dates and for the periods indicated (in thousands): Recorded Recorded Investment Investment with with Related No Specific Specific Total Unpaid Specific Valuation Valuation Recorded Principal Valuation December 31, 2021 Allowance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance Commercial business $ 105 $ — $ 105 $ 147 $ — Commercial real estate 127 — 127 182 — Land — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — Consumer 264 242 506 617 11 Total $ 496 $ 242 $ 738 $ 946 $ 11 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ 120 $ — $ 120 $ 157 $ — Commercial real estate 1,468 — 1,468 1,556 — Land 710 — 710 740 — Multi-family 753 — 753 856 — Consumer 278 252 530 643 11 Total $ 3,329 $ 252 $ 3,581 $ 3,952 $ 11 Three months ended Three months ended December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Interest Interest Recognized Recognized Average on Average on Recorded Impaired Recorded Impaired Investment Loans Investment Loans Commercial business $ 107 $ — $ 127 $ — Commercial real estate 130 — 1,916 15 Land — — 714 10 Multi-family — — 1,355 21 Consumer 511 6 542 8 Total $ 748 $ 6 $ 4,654 $ 54 Nine months ended Nine months ended December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Interest Interest Recognized Recognized Average on Average on Recorded Impaired Recorded Impaired Investment Loans Investment Loans Commercial business $ 112 $ — $ 132 $ — Commercial real estate 795 16 2,143 46 Land — — 714 30 Multi-family — — 1,453 65 Consumer 519 18 485 23 Total $ 1,426 $ 34 $ 4,927 $ 164 The cash basis interest income on impaired loans was not materially different than the interest recognized on impaired loans as shown in the above tables. TDRs are loans for which the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial condition, has granted a concession to the borrower that it would otherwise not consider. A TDR typically involves a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate or face amount of the loan, a reduction of accrued interest, and/or an extension of the maturity date(s) at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk. TDRs are considered impaired loans and as such, impairment is measured as described for impaired loans above. The following table presents TDRs by interest accrual status at the dates indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2021 March 31, 2021 Accrual Nonaccrual Total Accrual Nonaccrual Total Commercial business $ — $ 105 $ 105 $ — $ 120 $ 120 Commercial real estate — 127 127 1,324 144 1,468 Land — — — 710 — 710 Multi-family — — — 753 — 753 Consumer 506 — 506 530 — 530 Total $ 506 $ 232 $ 738 $ 3,317 $ 264 $ 3,581 At December 31, 2021, the Company had no commitments to lend additional funds on TDR loans. At December 31, 2021, all of the Company’s TDRs were paying as agreed. There were no new TDRs for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2021. There were no new TDRs for the three months ended December 31, 2020. There was one new TDR for the nine months ended December 31, 2020. This TDR is a consumer real estate loan secured by a one-to-four family property located in Northwest Oregon where the Company granted a three month payment deferral which extended the maturity date by three months. The recorded investment in the loan prior to modification and at December 31, 2020 was $129,000. In March 2020, the Company began offering short-term loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act along with a joint agency statement issued by banking regulatory agencies provides that a short-term modification made in response to COVID-19 and which meets certain criteria does not need to be accounted for as a TDR until January 1, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no loan modifications related to the COVIC-19 pandemic. In accordance with the Company’s policy guidelines, unsecured loans are generally charged-off when no payments have been received for three consecutive months unless an alternative action plan is in effect. Consumer installment loans delinquent six months or more that have not received at least 75% of their required monthly payment in the last 90 days are charged-off. In addition, loans discharged in bankruptcy proceedings are charged-off. Loans under bankruptcy protection with no payments received for four consecutive months are charged-off. The outstanding balance of a secured loan that is in excess of the net realizable value is generally charged-off if no payments are received for four to five consecutive months. However, charge-offs are postponed if alternative proposals to restructure, obtain additional guarantors, obtain additional assets as collateral or a potential sale of the underlying collateral would result in full repayment of the outstanding loan balance. Once any other potential sources of repayment are exhausted, the impaired portion of the loan is charged-off. Regardless of whether a loan is unsecured or collateralized, once an amount is determined to be a confirmed loan loss it is promptly charged off. |