ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | 5. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The following tables present a reconciliation of the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated (in thousands): Commercial Commercial Multi- Real Estate March 31, 2022 Business Real Estate Land Family Construction Consumer Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 2,416 $ 14,089 $ 233 $ 638 $ 294 $ 852 $ 656 $ 19,178 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 75 (5,052) (65) 207 99 52 59 (4,625) Charge-offs (69) — — — — (17) — (86) Recoveries — — — — — 56 — 56 Ending balance $ 2,422 $ 9,037 $ 168 $ 845 $ 393 $ 943 $ 715 $ 14,523 March 31, 2021 Beginning balance $ 2,008 $ 6,421 $ 230 $ 854 $ 1,149 $ 1,363 $ 599 $ 12,624 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 398 7,336 3 (216) (855) (423) 57 6,300 Charge-offs — — — — — (124) — (124) Recoveries 10 332 — — — 36 — 378 Ending balance $ 2,416 $ 14,089 $ 233 $ 638 $ 294 $ 852 $ 656 $ 19,178 March 31, 2020 Beginning balance $ 1,808 $ 5,053 $ 254 $ 728 $ 1,457 $ 1,447 $ 710 $ 11,457 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 264 1,368 (24) 126 (308) (65) (111) 1,250 Charge-offs (64) — — — — (82) — (146) Recoveries — — — — — 63 — 63 Ending balance $ 2,008 $ 6,421 $ 230 $ 854 $ 1,149 $ 1,363 $ 599 $ 12,624 The following tables present an analysis of loans receivable and the allowance for loan losses, based on impairment methodology, at the dates indicated (in thousands): Allowance for Loan Losses Recorded Investment in Loans Individually Collectively Individually Collectively Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated for for for for March 31, 2022 Impairment Impairment Total Impairment Impairment Total Commercial business $ — $ 2,422 $ 2,422 $ 100 $ 227,991 $ 228,091 Commercial real estate — 9,037 9,037 122 582,715 582,837 Land — 168 168 — 11,556 11,556 Multi-family — 845 845 — 60,211 60,211 Real estate construction — 393 393 — 24,160 24,160 Consumer 8 935 943 495 83,058 83,553 Unallocated — 715 715 — — — Total $ 8 $ 14,515 $ 14,523 $ 717 $ 989,691 $ 990,408 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ — $ 2,416 $ 2,416 $ 120 $ 265,025 $ 265,145 Commercial real estate — 14,089 14,089 1,468 541,999 543,467 Land — 233 233 710 13,330 14,040 Multi-family — 638 638 753 44,261 45,014 Real estate construction — 294 294 — 16,990 16,990 Consumer 11 841 852 530 58,049 58,579 Unallocated — 656 656 — — — Total $ 11 $ 19,167 $ 19,178 $ 3,581 $ 939,654 $ 943,235 Changes in the allowance for unfunded loan commitments were as follows for the years indicated (in thousands): Year Ended March 31, 2022 2021 2020 Beginning balance $ 509 $ 474 $ 469 Net change in allowance for unfunded loan commitments (85) 35 5 Ending balance $ 424 $ 509 $ 474 The following tables present an analysis of loans by aging category at the dates indicated (in thousands): Total 90 Days Past and Due and Total 30-89 Days Greater Non- Loans March 31, 2022 Past Due Past Due Non-accrual accrual Current Receivable Commercial business $ 7,753 $ 21,808 $ 118 $ 29,679 $ 198,412 $ 228,091 Commercial real estate — — 122 122 582,715 582,837 Land — — — — 11,556 11,556 Multi-family — — — — 60,211 60,211 Real estate construction 291 — — 291 23,869 24,160 Consumer 9 — 51 60 83,493 83,553 Total $ 8,053 $ 21,808 $ 291 $ 30,152 $ 960,256 $ 990,408 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ 98 $ 175 $ 182 $ 455 $ 264,690 $ 265,145 Commercial real estate — — 144 144 543,323 543,467 Land — — — — 14,040 14,040 Multi-family — — — — 45,014 45,014 Real estate construction — — — — 16,990 16,990 Consumer 143 1 69 213 58,366 58,579 Total $ 241 $ 176 $ 395 $ 812 $ 942,423 $ 943,235 A substantial portion of the 30-89 days past due and 90 days and greater past due loans at March 31, 2022 are comprised of government guaranteed loans. These government guaranteed loans are pass rated loans and are not considered to be nonaccrual loans given the Company expects to receive all principal and interest and not considered to be classified loans because there are no well-defined weaknesses or risk of loss. Given these government guaranteed loans are neither nonaccrual loans nor classified loans, these loans are not considered to be impaired loans based on the Company’s policy. Given these loans are not considered to be impaired loans and are fully guaranteed by the SBA or USDA, these loans are omitted from the required allowance calculation. Interest income foregone on non-accrual loans was $24,000 , $49,000 and $75,000 for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Credit quality indicators – The Company monitors credit risk in its loan portfolio using a risk rating system (on a scale of one to nine) for all commercial (non-consumer) loans. The risk rating system is a measure of the credit risk of the borrower based on their historical, current and anticipated future financial characteristics. The Company assigns a risk rating to each commercial loan at origination and subsequently updates these ratings, as necessary, so that the risk rating continues to reflect the appropriate risk characteristics of the loan. Application of appropriate risk ratings is key to management of loan portfolio risk. In determining the appropriate risk rating, the Company considers the following factors: delinquency, payment history, quality of management, liquidity, leverage, earnings trends, alternative funding sources, geographic risk, industry risk, cash flow adequacy, account practices, asset protection and extraordinary risks. Consumer loans, including custom construction loans, are not assigned a risk rating but rather are grouped into homogeneous pools with similar risk characteristics. When a consumer loan is delinquent 90 days, it is placed on non-accrual status and assigned a substandard risk rating. Loss factors are assigned to each risk rating and homogeneous pool based on historical loss experience for similar loans. This historical loss experience is adjusted for qualitative factors that are likely to cause the estimated credit losses to differ from the Company’s historical loss experience. The Company uses these loss factors to estimate the general component of its allowance for loan losses. Pass – These loans have a risk rating between 1 and 4 and are to borrowers that meet normal credit standards. Any deficiencies in satisfactory asset quality, liquidity, debt servicing capacity and coverage are offset by strengths in other areas. The borrower currently has the capacity to perform according to the loan terms. Any concerns about risk factors such as stability of margins, stability of cash flows, liquidity, dependence on a single product/supplier/customer, depth of management, etc. are offset by strengths in other areas. Typically, these loans are secured by the operating assets of the borrower and/or real estate. The borrower’s management is considered competent. The borrower has the ability to repay the debt in the normal course of business. Watch – These loans have a risk rating of 5 and are included in the “pass” rating. However, there would typically be some reason for additional management oversight, such as the borrower’s recent financial setbacks and/or deteriorating financial position, industry concerns and failure to perform on other borrowing obligations. Loans with this rating are monitored closely in an effort to correct deficiencies. Special mention – These loans have a risk rating of 6 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines. These loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the credit position at some future date. These loans pose elevated risk but their weakness does not yet justify a “substandard” classification. Substandard – These loans have a risk rating of 7 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines, for which the accrual of interest may or may not be discontinued. By definition under regulatory guidelines, a “substandard” loan has defined weaknesses which make payment default or principal exposure likely but not yet certain. Repayment of such loans is likely to be dependent upon collateral liquidation, a secondary source of repayment, or an event outside of the normal course of business. Doubtful – These loans have a risk rating of 8 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status and repayment may be dependent upon collateral which has value that is difficult to determine or upon some near-term event which lacks certainty. Loss – These loans have a risk rating of 9 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are charged-off or charged-down when payment is acknowledged to be uncertain or when the timing or value of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan or some portion of it will never be paid, nor does it in any way imply that there has been a forgiveness of debt. The following tables present an analysis of loans by credit quality indicators at the dates indicated (in thousands): Total Special Loans March 31, 2022 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Receivable Commercial business $ 227,435 $ 511 $ 145 $ — $ — $ 228,091 Commercial real estate 569,417 7,211 6,209 — — 582,837 Land 11,556 — — — — 11,556 Multi-family 60,138 73 — — — 60,211 Real estate construction 24,160 — — — — 24,160 Consumer 83,502 — 51 — — 83,553 Total $ 976,208 $ 7,795 $ 6,405 $ — $ — $ 990,408 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ 264,564 $ 399 $ 182 $ — $ — $ 265,145 Commercial real estate 494,010 42,045 7,412 — — 543,467 Land 14,040 — — — — 14,040 Multi-family 44,941 49 24 — — 45,014 Real estate construction 16,990 — — — — 16,990 Consumer 58,510 — 69 — — 58,579 Total $ 893,055 $ 42,493 $ 7,687 $ — $ — $ 943,235 Impaired loans – The following tables present information regarding impaired loans at the dates and for the years indicated (in thousands): Recorded Recorded Investment Investment with with Related No Specific Specific Total Unpaid Specific Valuation Valuation Recorded Principal Valuation March 31, 2022 Allowance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance Commercial business $ 100 $ — $ 100 $ 143 $ — Commercial real estate 122 — 122 178 — Land — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — Consumer 259 236 495 603 8 Total $ 481 $ 236 $ 717 $ 924 $ 8 March 31, 2021 Commercial business $ 120 $ — $ 120 $ 157 $ — Commercial real estate 1,468 — 1,468 1,556 — Land 710 — 710 740 — Multi-family 753 — 753 856 — Consumer 278 252 530 643 11 Total $ 3,329 $ 252 $ 3,581 $ 3,952 $ 11 Year ended Year ended Year ended March 31, 2022 March 31, 2021 March 31, 2020 Interest Interest Interest Recognized Recognized Recognized Average on Average on Average on Recorded Impaired Recorded Impaired Recorded Impaired Investment Loans Investment Loans Investment Loans Commercial business $ 110 $ — $ 130 $ — $ 150 $ 62 Commercial real estate 660 16 2,008 61 2,420 40 Land — — 713 40 720 90 Multi-family — — 1,313 77 1,573 — Consumer 514 24 494 29 494 29 Total $ 1,284 $ 40 $ 4,658 $ 207 $ 5,357 $ 221 The cash basis interest income on impaired loans was not materially different than the interest recognized on impaired loans as shown in the above tables. TDRs and other loan modifications – TDRs are loans for which the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial condition, has granted a concession to the borrower that it would otherwise not consider. A TDR typically involves a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate or face amount of the loan, a reduction of accrued interest, and/or an extension of the maturity date(s) at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk. TDRs are considered impaired loans and as such, impairment is measured as described for impaired loans in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Allowance for Loan Losses. The following table presents TDRs by interest accrual status at the dates indicated (in thousands): March 31, 2022 March 31, 2021 Accrual Nonaccrual Total Accrual Nonaccrual Total Commercial business $ — $ 100 $ 100 $ — $ 120 $ 120 Commercial real estate — 122 122 1,324 144 1,468 Land — — — 710 — 710 Multi-family — — — 753 — 753 Consumer 495 — 495 530 — 530 Total $ 495 $ 222 $ 717 $ 3,317 $ 264 $ 3,581 At March 31, 2022, the Company had no commitments to lend additional funds on these loans. At March 31, 2022, all of the Company’s TDRs were paying as agreed. There were no new TDRs for the year ended March 31, 2022. There was one new TDR for the year ended March 31, 2021. This TDR is a consumer real estate loan secured by a one-to-four family property located in Northwest Oregon where the Company granted a deferral of principal, interest, and escrow payments. The recorded investment in the loan prior to modification and at March 31, 2021 was $129,000 . In March 2020, the Company began offering short-term loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act along with a joint agency statement issued by banking regulatory agencies provides that a short-term modification made in response to COVID-19 and which meets certain criteria does not need to be accounted for as a TDR. Accordingly, the Company does not account for such loan modifications as TDRs. Loan modifications in accordance with the CARES Act are still subject to an impairment evaluation. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information . |