LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES FOR LOANS | 6. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES FOR LOANS Loans receivable are reported net of deferred loan fees and discounts, and inclusive of premiums. Deferred loan fees totaled $4.7 million and $4.4 million at December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively. Loans receivable discounts and premiums totaled $1.3 million and $1.9 million, respectively, at December 31, 2023, compared to $1.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, at March 31, 2023. Loans receivable, excluding loans held for sale, consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands): December 31, March 31, 2023 2023 Commercial and construction Commercial business $ 229,249 $ 232,868 Commercial real estate 573,075 564,496 Land 8,690 6,437 Multi-family 67,017 55,836 Real estate construction 42,167 47,762 Total commercial and construction 920,198 907,399 Consumer Real estate one-to-four family 96,266 99,673 Other installment 1,735 1,784 Total consumer 98,001 101,457 Total loans 1,018,199 1,008,856 Less: ACL for loans (1) 15,361 15,309 Loans receivable, net $ 1,002,838 $ 993,547 (1) All amounts prior to April 1, 2023 were calculated using the previous incurred loss methodology to compute our allowance for loan losses, which is not directly comparable to the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology. The Company considers its loan portfolio to have very little exposure to sub-prime mortgage loans since the Company has not historically engaged in this type of lending. At December 31, 2023, loans carried at $617.9 million were pledged as collateral to the FHLB of Des Moines and Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRB”) pursuant to borrowing agreements. Substantially all the Company’s business activity is with customers located in the states of Washington and Oregon. Loans and extensions of credit outstanding at one time to one borrower are generally limited by federal regulation to 15% of the Bank’s shareholders’ equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the Bank had no loans to any one borrower in excess of the regulatory limit. Credit quality indicators Pass Watch Special mention Substandard Doubtful Loss The following table sets forth the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2023 by risk attribute and year of origination as well as current period gross charge-offs: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year Total Revolving Loans 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans Receivable Commercial business Risk rating Pass $ 10,078 $ 63,586 $ 87,431 $ 30,264 $ 17,299 $ 13,038 $ 3,131 $ 224,827 Special Mention — 251 773 — 552 286 2,497 4,359 Substandard — — — — — 63 — 63 Total commercial business $ 10,078 $ 63,837 $ 88,204 $ 30,264 $ 17,851 $ 13,387 $ 5,628 $ 229,249 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 24,867 $ 60,034 $ 148,293 $ 90,346 $ 53,902 $ 163,891 $ — $ 541,333 Special Mention — 3,780 903 — — 26,975 — 31,658 Substandard — — — — — 84 — 84 Total commercial real estate $ 24,867 $ 63,814 $ 149,196 $ 90,346 $ 53,902 $ 190,950 $ — $ 573,075 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Land Risk rating Pass $ 3,501 $ 2,361 $ 98 $ 1,809 $ 110 $ 454 $ — $ 8,333 Special Mention — 357 — — — — — 357 Total land $ 3,501 $ 2,718 $ 98 $ 1,809 $ 110 $ 454 $ — $ 8,690 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Multi-family Risk rating Pass $ 684 $ 17,150 $ 32,221 $ 5,066 $ 8,965 $ 2,834 $ — $ 66,920 Special Mention — — — — 35 32 — 67 Substandard — — — — — 30 — 30 Total multi-family $ 684 $ 17,150 $ 32,221 $ 5,066 $ 9,000 $ 2,896 $ — $ 67,017 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year Total Revolving Loans 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans Receivable Real estate construction Risk rating Pass $ 12,805 $ 17,536 $ 11,056 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 41,397 Special Mention 770 — — — — — — 770 Total real estate construction $ 13,575 $ 17,536 $ 11,056 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 42,167 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Real estate one-to-four family Risk rating Pass $ — $ — $ 61,048 $ 4,194 $ 4,411 $ 15,145 $ 11,430 $ 96,228 Substandard — — — — — 38 — 38 Total real estate one-to-four family $ — $ — $ 61,048 $ 4,194 $ 4,411 $ 15,183 $ 11,430 $ 96,266 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other installment Risk rating Pass $ 311 $ 612 $ 223 $ 86 $ 34 $ 18 $ 451 $ 1,735 Total other installment $ 311 $ 612 $ 223 $ 86 $ 34 $ 18 $ 451 $ 1,735 Current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ 11 $ — $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ 13 Total loans receivable, gross Risk rating Pass $ 52,246 $ 161,279 $ 340,370 $ 131,765 $ 84,721 $ 195,380 $ 15,012 $ 980,773 Special Mention 770 4,388 1,676 — 587 27,293 2,497 37,211 Substandard — — — — — 215 — 215 Total loans receivable, gross $ 53,016 $ 165,667 $ 342,046 $ 131,765 $ 85,308 $ 222,888 $ 17,509 $ 1,018,199 Total current YTD gross write-offs $ — $ 11 $ — $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ 13 ACL on Loans The ACL for loans is an estimate of the expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. The ACL for loans is evaluated and calculated on a collective basis for those loans which share similar risk characteristics and whether it needs to evaluate the allowance on an individual loan basis. The Company estimates the expected credit losses over the loans’ contractual terms, adjusted for expected prepayments. The ACL for loans is calculated for loan segments utilizing loan level information and relevant information from internal and external sources related to past events and current conditions. In addition, the Company incorporates a reasonable and supportable forecast. The individual component relates to loans that are considered impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value (less estimated selling costs, if applicable) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. When available information confirms that specific loans or portions thereof are uncollectible, identified amounts are charged against the allowance for credit losses. The existence of some or all of the following criteria will generally confirm that a loss has been incurred: the loan is significantly delinquent and the borrower has not demonstrated the ability or intent to bring the loan current; the Company has no recourse to the borrower, or if it does, the borrower has insufficient assets to pay the debt; and/or the estimated fair value of the loan collateral is significantly below the current loan balance, and there is little or no near-term prospect for improvement. Management’s evaluation of the ACL for loans is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments of the known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. Loss factors are based on the Company’s historical loss experience with additional consideration and adjustments made for changes in economic conditions, changes in the amount and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, changes in collateral values, seasoning of the loan portfolio, duration of the current business cycle, a detailed analysis of impaired loans and other factors as deemed appropriate. These factors are evaluated on a quarterly basis. Loss rates used by the Company are affected as changes in these factors increase or decrease from quarter to quarter. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s ACL for loans and may require the Company to make additions to the ACL for loans based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examinations. The following tables detail activity in the ACL for loans at or for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 under the CECL methodology, and in the allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss methodology for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, by loan category (in thousands): Three months ended Commercial Commercial Multi- Real Estate December 31, 2023 Business Real Estate Land Family Construction Consumer Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 5,339 $ 7,138 $ 112 $ 293 $ 860 $ 1,604 $ — $ 15,346 Provision for (recapture of) credit losses (74) 141 45 41 (129) (24) — — Charge-offs — — — — — (2) — (2) Recoveries — — — — — 17 — 17 Ending balance $ 5,265 $ 7,279 $ 157 $ 334 $ 731 $ 1,595 $ — $ 15,361 Nine months ended December 31, 2023 Beginning balance $ 3,123 $ 8,894 $ 93 $ 798 $ 764 $ 1,127 $ 510 $ 15,309 Impact of adopting CECL (ASU 2016-13) 1,884 (1,494) 40 (492) 131 483 (510) 42 Provision for (recapture of) credit losses 258 (121) 24 28 (164) (25) — — Charge-offs — — — — — (13) — (13) Recoveries — — — — — 23 — 23 Ending balance $ 5,265 $ 7,279 $ 157 $ 334 $ 731 $ 1,595 $ — $ 15,361 Three months ended December 31, 2022 Beginning balance $ 2,789 $ 8,230 $ 124 $ 856 $ 638 $ 1,225 $ 690 $ 14,552 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 101 (254) (26) (41) 206 (42) 56 — Charge-offs — — — — — — — — Recoveries — — — — — 6 — 6 Ending balance $ 2,890 $ 7,976 $ 98 $ 815 $ 844 $ 1,189 $ 746 $ 14,558 Nine months ended December 31, 2022 Beginning balance $ 2,422 $ 9,037 $ 168 $ 845 $ 393 $ 943 $ 715 $ 14,523 Provision for (recapture of) loan losses 468 (1,061) (70) (30) 451 211 31 — Charge-offs — — — — — (16) — (16) Recoveries — — — — — 51 — 51 Ending balance $ 2,890 $ 7,976 $ 98 $ 815 $ 844 $ 1,189 $ 746 $ 14,558 The following table presents an analysis of loans receivable and the allowance for loan losses, based on impairment methodology as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands): Allowance for Loan Losses Recorded Investment in Loans Individually Collectively Individually Collectively Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated for for for for March 31, 2023 Impairment Impairment Total Impairment Impairment Total Commercial business $ — $ 3,123 $ 3,123 $ 79 $ 232,789 $ 232,868 Commercial real estate — 8,894 8,894 100 564,396 564,496 Land — 93 93 — 6,437 6,437 Multi-family — 798 798 — 55,836 55,836 Real estate construction — 764 764 — 47,762 47,762 Consumer 6 1,121 1,127 450 101,007 101,457 Unallocated — 510 510 — — — Total $ 6 $ 15,303 $ 15,309 $ 629 $ 1,008,227 $ 1,008,856 Non-accrual loans The following tables present an analysis of loans by aging category at the dates indicated (in thousands): Total 90 Days Past and Due and Total 30-89 Days Greater Non- Loans December 31, 2023 Past Due Past Due Non-accrual accrual Current Receivable Commercial business $ 3,896 $ — $ 63 $ 3,959 $ 225,290 $ 229,249 Commercial real estate 821 — 85 906 572,169 573,075 Land — — — — 8,690 8,690 Multi-family — — — — 67,017 67,017 Real estate construction — — — — 42,167 42,167 Consumer 13 — 38 51 97,950 98,001 Total $ 4,730 $ — $ 186 $ 4,916 $ 1,013,283 $ 1,018,199 March 31, 2023 Commercial business $ 1,967 $ 1,569 $ 97 $ 3,633 $ 229,235 $ 232,868 Commercial real estate — — 100 100 564,396 564,496 Land — — — — 6,437 6,437 Multi-family — — — — 55,836 55,836 Real estate construction — — — — 47,762 47,762 Consumer 11 — 86 97 101,360 101,457 Total $ 1,978 $ 1,569 $ 283 $ 3,830 $ 1,005,026 $ 1,008,856 Included in the 30-89 days past due loans at December 31, 2023 are $1.4 million of fully guaranteed SBA or United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) loans. These government guaranteed loans are classified as pass rated loans and are not considered to be either nonaccrual, classified or impaired loans because based on the guarantee, the Company expects to receive all principal and interest according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement and there are no well-defined weaknesses or risk of loss. As a result, these loans were omitted from the required calculation of the ACL for loans. Interest income foregone on non-accrual loans was $8,000 and $14,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and the year ended March 31, 2023, respectively. For additional information, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023 – Asset Quality, discussed below. The following table presents an analysis of loans by credit quality indicators as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands): Total Special Loans March 31, 2023 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Receivable Commercial business $ 231,384 $ 1,367 $ 117 $ — $ — $ 232,868 Commercial real estate 544,426 17,626 2,444 — — 564,496 Land 6,437 — — — — 6,437 Multi-family 55,694 142 — — — 55,836 Real estate construction 47,762 — — — — 47,762 Consumer 101,371 — 86 — — 101,457 Total $ 987,074 $ 19,135 $ 2,647 $ — $ — $ 1,008,856 Impaired loans and Allowance for Loan Losses: At December 31, 2023, the Company had $148,000 of non-accrual loans with no ACL and $38,000 of non-accrual loans with an ACL of $1,000. The amortized cost of collateral dependent loans as of December 31, 2023, were $63,000 and $85,000 for commercial business and commercial real estate, respectively. The following tables present the total and average recorded investment in impaired loans at the dates and for the periods indicated (in thousands): Recorded Recorded Investment Investment with with Related No Specific Specific Total Unpaid Specific March 31, 2023 Valuation Valuation Recorded Principal Valuation Allowance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance Commercial business $ 79 $ — $ 79 $ 127 $ — Commercial real estate 100 — 100 162 — Consumer 355 95 450 442 6 Total $ 534 $ 95 $ 629 $ 731 $ 6 Three months ended Nine months ended December 31, 2022 December 31, 2022 Interest Interest Recognized Recognized Average on Average on Recorded Impaired Recorded Impaired Investment Loans Investment Loans Commercial business $ 87 $ — $ 92 $ — Commercial real estate 109 — 114 — Consumer 471 5 481 17 Total $ 667 $ 5 $ 687 $ 17 The cash basis interest income on impaired loans was not materially different than the interest recognized on impaired loans as shown in the above table. Troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”): In accordance with the Company’s policy guidelines, unsecured loans are generally charged-off when no payments have been received for three consecutive months unless an alternative action plan is in effect. Consumer installment loans delinquent nine months or more that have not received at least 75% of their required monthly payment in the last 90 days are charged-off. In addition, loans discharged in bankruptcy proceedings are charged-off. Loans under bankruptcy protection with no payments received for four consecutive months are charged-off. The outstanding balance of a secured loan that is in excess of the net realizable value is generally charged-off if no payments are received for four to five consecutive months. However, charge-offs are postponed if alternative proposals to restructure, obtain additional guarantors, obtain additional assets as collateral or a potential sale of the underlying collateral would result in full repayment of the outstanding loan balance. Once any other potential sources of repayment are exhausted, the impaired portion of the loan is charged-off. Regardless of whether a loan is unsecured or collateralized, once an amount is determined to be a confirmed loan loss it is promptly charged off. |