Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. These estimates affect the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Fiscal Year. The Company has a 52/53-week fiscal year that ends on the last Sunday in December. The 2016 , 2015 and 2014 fiscal years all consisted of 52 weeks. Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company considers all money market investment instruments and certificates of deposit with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Under the terms of the Company’s bank agreements, outstanding checks in excess of the cash balances in the Company’s primary disbursement accounts create a bank overdraft liability. Bank overdrafts were insignificant for both fiscal years 2016 and 2015. Supplemental Cash Flow Information. (in millions) 2016 2015 2014 Interest paid $ 3.8 $ 3.0 $ 1.8 Accrued purchase of property and equipment 2.2 1.7 3.0 Property acquisition financed by promissory note 1.0 — — Income taxes paid, net 21.2 13.6 14.9 Accounts Receivable, Net. At December 25, 2016 and December 27, 2015 , accounts receivable, net were $9.3 million and $9.0 million , respectively. Accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from franchisees related to royalties, rents, and various miscellaneous items. The accounts receivable balance is stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company reserves a franchisee’s receivable balance based upon the age of the receivable and consideration of other factors and events. During 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 , changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows: (in millions) 2016 2015 2014 Balance, beginning of year $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 Provisions for credit (recoveries) losses 0.1 0.1 — Write-offs — (0.1 ) — Balance, end of year $ 0.2 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 Notes Receivable, Net. Notes receivable primarily consist of notes from franchisees to finance certain past due franchise revenues and rents. The notes receivable balance is stated net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts which is evaluated each reporting period on a note-by-note basis. At December 25, 2016 and December 27, 2015 , notes receivable, net, were approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million , respectively, of which $0.1 million was current. No notes were reserved at December 25, 2016 . The balance in the allowance account at December 27, 2015 was approximately $0.1 million . Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value and consist principally of food, beverage items, paper and supplies. At December 25, 2016 and December 27, 2015 , inventory of $0.8 million and $0.9 million was included as a component of “Other current assets.” Property and Equipment. Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Provisions for depreciation are made using the straight-line method over an asset’s estimated useful life: 7 to 35 years for buildings; 5 to 15 years for equipment; and in the case of leasehold improvements and capital lease assets, the lesser of the economic life of the asset or the lease term (generally 3 to 20 years). During 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 , depreciation expense was approximately $9.6 million , $9.2 million , and $8.2 million , respectively. The Company capitalizes interest on external costs in connection with the construction of new restaurants. The capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it relates and is amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. No significant interest was incurred for such purposes in 2016 , 2015 and 2014 . The Company evaluates property and equipment for impairment when circumstances arise indicating that a particular asset may be impaired. For property and equipment at Company-operated restaurants, annual impairment evaluations are performed on an individual restaurant basis. The Company evaluates restaurants using a “ two -year history of operating losses” as our primary indicator of potential impairment. The Company evaluates recoverability based on the restaurant’s forecasted undiscounted cash flows for the expected remaining useful life of the unit, which incorporate our best estimate of sales growth and margin improvement based upon our plans for the restaurant and actual results at comparable restaurants. The carrying values of restaurant assets that are not considered recoverable are written down to their estimated fair market value, which are generally measured by discounting estimated future cash flows. Estimates of future cash flows are highly subjective judgments and can be significantly impacted by changes in the business or economic conditions. The discount rate used in the fair value calculations is our estimate of the required rate of return that a third party would expect to receive when purchasing a similar restaurant and the related long-lived assets. The Company recorded $3.7 million in asset impairments as a component of "Other expenses (income), net" in the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the third quarter of 2016. No impairments were recorded in 2015 or 2014. See Note 5 for further discussion. Goodwill, Trademarks, and Other Intangible Assets. Amounts assigned to goodwill arose from the allocation of reorganization value when the Company emerged from bankruptcy in 1992 and from business combinations accounted for by the purchase method. Amounts assigned to trademarks arose from the allocation of reorganization value when the Company emerged from bankruptcy in 1992. These assets are deemed indefinite-lived assets and are not amortized for financial reporting purposes. See Note 6 for further disclosure. The Company’s finite-lived intangible assets (primarily re-acquired franchise rights) are amortized on a straight-line basis over 10 to 20 years based on the remaining life of the original franchise agreement or lease agreement. See Note 6 for further disclosure. Costs incurred to renew or extend the term of recognized intangibles are expensed as incurred and reported as a component of “General and administrative expenses.” The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis as of the first day of the fourth quarter or more frequently when circumstances arise indicating that goodwill may be impaired using a two-step process. The first step of the impairment evaluation includes a comparison of the fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units with their carrying value. The Company’s reporting units are its business segments. The Company uses a discounted cash flow methodology to estimate the fair value of its reporting units. The operating assumptions used to estimate future cash flows are consistent with the reporting unit’s past performance and with the projections and assumptions that are used in the Company’s current operating plans. Such assumptions are subject to change as a result of changing economic and competitive conditions. The discount rate used in estimating the fair value of the reporting units is our estimate of a market participant’s required rate of return. If a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired down to its implied fair value determined in the same manner as a business combination. During 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , there was no impairment of goodwill identified during the Company’s annual impairment testing. The Company-operated restaurants segment has goodwill of $2.1 million as of the end of 2016 . While the operating assumptions used to estimate the segment’s fair value reflect what the Company believes are reasonable and achievable growth rates, failure to realize these growth rates could result in future impairment of the recorded goodwill. If the Company believes the risks inherent in the business increase, the resulting change in the assumed discount rate could also result in future goodwill impairment. During 2016, the Company included $0.1 million of goodwill in the carrying value of the 17 restaurants in Indianapolis, Indiana in the determination of the loss on the refranchising of the restaurants. See Note 16 for further details. The Company evaluates trademarks, recipes and formulas, and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset may be impaired. When evaluating an indefinite-lived asset for impairment, the Company compares the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset, the asset is impaired down to its estimated fair value. The Company uses a relief from royalty methodology to estimate the fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets. During 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , there was no indicated impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets as a result of the Company’s annual impairment testing. The estimated fair values of our indefinite-lived intangible assets were substantially in excess of their carrying values as of the 2016 evaluation date. Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is the price the Company would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability (exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants. For those assets and liabilities recorded or disclosed at fair value, we determine fair value based upon the quoted market price, if available. If a quoted market price is not available for identical assets, we determine fair value based upon the quoted market price of similar assets or the present value of expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including counterparty performance risk if appropriate, and using discount rates appropriate for the duration. The fair values are assigned a level within the fair value hierarchy, depending on the source of the inputs into the calculation. Level 1 Inputs based upon quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 Inputs that are unobservable for the asset. Debt Issuance Costs. Costs incurred to secure new debt facilities are capitalized and then amortized utilizing a method that approximates the effective interest method for term loans and the straight-line method for revolving credit facilities. Absent a basis for cost deferral, debt amendment fees are expensed as incurred. Debt issuance costs are classified as "Other long-term assets, net" on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company adopted the FASB's updated guidance on debt issuance costs beginning in 2016. The Company classified its debt issuance costs as a direct reduction of the carrying amount of our revolving credit facility during the interim periods in 2016. During the fourth quarter of 2016, we changed our accounting policy to present such costs as an asset regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the revolving credit arrangement consistent with prior year's classification. This change did not have a material impact on our financial results. Unamortized debt issuance costs were $1.4 million and $0.7 million as of December 25, 2016 and December 27, 2015 , respectfully. In the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations, the amortization of debt issuance costs, write-off of debt issuance costs when a debt facility is modified or prematurely paid off, and debt amendment fees are included as a component of “Interest expense, net.” During 2016, the Company expensed $0.1 million of deferred debt costs due to the retirement of the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility. Advertising Cooperative. The Company maintains an advertising cooperative that receives contributions from the Company and from its franchisees, based upon a percentage of restaurant sales, as required by their franchise agreements. This cooperative is used exclusively for marketing of the Popeyes brand. The Company acts as an agent for the franchisees with regards to their contributions to the advertising cooperative. In the Company’s consolidated financial statements, contributions received and expenses of the advertising cooperative are excluded from the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow. The Company reports all assets and liabilities of the advertising cooperative as “Advertising cooperative assets, restricted” and “Advertising cooperative liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The advertising cooperatives assets, consisting primarily of cash and accounts receivable from the franchisees, can only be used for selected purposes and are considered restricted. The advertising cooperative liabilities represent the corresponding obligation arising from the receipt of the contributions to purchase advertising and promotional programs. The Company’s contributions to the advertising cooperative based on Company-operated restaurant sales are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of “Restaurant employee, occupancy and other expenses.” Additional contributions to the advertising cooperative for national media advertising and other marketing related costs are expensed as a component of “General and administrative expenses.” During 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 , the Company’s advertising costs were approximately $4.6 million , $5.4 million , and $3.9 million , respectively. Leases. When determining the lease term, the Company includes option periods for which failure to renew the lease imposes economic penalty on the Company in such an amount that a renewal appears, at the inception of the lease, to be reasonably assured. The lease term commences on the date when the Company has the right to control the use of the leased property, which can occur before the rent payments are due under the terms of the lease. The Company records rent expense for leases that contain scheduled rent increases on a straight-line basis over the lease term, including any option periods considered in the determination of that lease term. Contingent rentals are generally based on sales levels in excess of stipulated amounts, and thus are not considered minimum lease payments and are included in rent expense as they accrue. Tenant improvement allowances and other lease incentives are recognized as reductions to rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Commitments and Contingencies. Contingent liabilities are reserved when the Company is able to assess that an expected loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. See Note 15 for further discussion. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Comprehensive income (loss) is net income plus the change in fair value of the Company’s cash flow hedge discussed in Note 9 plus derivative (gains) or losses realized in earnings during the period. Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the Company’s derivative instruments are recorded net of the related income tax effects. As of December 25, 2016 and December 27, 2015 , accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of derivative losses associated with the company's interest rate swap agreements. Revenue Recognition — Sales by Company-Operated Restaurants. Revenues from the sale of food and beverage products are recognized on a cash basis. The Company presents sales net of sales tax and other sales related taxes. Revenue Recognition — Franchise Operations. Revenues from franchising activities include development fees associated with a franchisee’s planned development of a specified number of restaurants within a defined geographic territory, franchise fees associated with the opening of new restaurants, and ongoing royalty fees which are generally based on five percent of net restaurant sales. Development fees and franchise fees are recorded as deferred franchise revenue when received and are recognized as revenue when the restaurants covered by the fees are opened or all material services or conditions relating to the fees have been substantially performed or satisfied by the Company. The Company recognizes royalty revenues as earned. Franchise renewal fees are recognized when a renewal agreement becomes effective. (in millions) 2016 2015 2014 Franchise royalties $ 149.0 $ 138.7 $ 125.1 Franchise fees 5.8 5.3 6.2 Franchise royalties and fees $ 154.8 $ 144.0 $ 131.3 Rent from Franchised Restaurants. Rent from franchised restaurants is composed of rental income and other fees associated with properties leased or subleased to franchisees. Our typical restaurant leases to franchisees are triple net to the franchisee, requiring them to pay minimum rent or percentage rent based on sales in excess of specified amounts or both minimum rent and percentage rent plus real estate taxes, maintenance costs and insurance premiums. These leases are typically cross-defaulted with the corresponding franchise agreement for the restaurant. Minimum rents are recognized on the straight-line basis over the lease term. Percentage rents based on sales are recognized as earned. Cash Consideration from Vendors. The Company has entered into long-term beverage supply agreements with certain major beverage vendors. Pursuant to the terms of these arrangements, marketing rebates are provided to the Company and its advertising fund from the beverage vendors based upon the dollar volume of purchases for Company-operated restaurants and franchised restaurants. For Company-operated restaurants, these incentives are recognized as earned throughout the year and are classified as a reduction of “Restaurant food, beverages and packaging” in the consolidated statements of operations. The incentives recognized by Company-operated restaurants were approximately $1.4 million , $1.4 million , and $1.1 million in 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 , respectively. Rebates earned and contributed to the cooperative advertising fund are excluded from the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Gains and Losses Associated With Refranchising. From time to time, the Company engages in refranchising transactions. Typically, these transactions involve the sale of a Company-operated restaurant to an existing or new franchisee. The Company defers gains on the sale of Company-operated restaurants when the Company has continuing involvement in the assets sold beyond the customary franchisor role. The Company’s continuing involvement generally includes seller financing or the leasing of real estate to the franchisee. Deferred gains are recognized over the remaining term of the continuing involvement. Losses are recognized immediately. During the fourth quarter 2016 , the Company refranchised the 17 Company-operated restaurants in the Indianapolis, Indiana market to existing franchisees. The Company recorded a $0.1 million loss on the refranchising of the restaurants. See Note 16 for further discussion. There were no sales of Company-operated restaurants in 2015 or 2014 . During 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , previously deferred gains of approximately $0.1 million , $0.3 million , and $0.2 million , respectively, were recognized in income as a component of “Other expenses (income), net” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 25, 2016 , the Company had $0.4 million in deferred gains on unit conversions reported as a component of "Deferred Credits and Other Long-Term Liabilities". Research and Development. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. During 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 such costs were approximately $2.2 million , $2.3 million , and $2.3 million , respectively. Foreign Currency Transactions. Substantially all of the Company’s foreign-sourced revenues (principally royalties from international franchisees) are recorded in U.S. dollars. The aggregate effects of any exchange gains or losses are included in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of “General and administrative expenses.” The net foreign currency losses were insignificant in 2016 and $0.1 million in 2015 and 2014 . Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss, capital loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company provides a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company carried a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets of $8.7 million at December 25, 2016 and $7.8 million at December 27, 2015 , based on the view that it is more likely than not that the Company will not be able to realize tax benefits associated with certain state operating loss carryforwards which continue to expire, certain state indefinite-lived intangible assets, and other deferred tax assets. The Company recognizes the benefit of positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return in the financial statements when it is more likely than not (i.e. a likelihood of more than fifty percent) that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. A recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon settlement. Changes in judgment that result in subsequent recognition, derecognition or change in a measurement of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any related interest and penalties) are recognized as a discrete item in the interim period in which the change occurs. At December 25, 2016 , we had approximately $1.2 million of unrecognized tax benefits, $0.1 million of which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. At December 25, 2016 , the Company had approximately $0.1 million of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Deferred income tax liabilities and assets are classified as non-current and are included in “Deferred credits and other long-term liabilities” on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The Company early adopted FASB issued ASU 2015-7, “Income Taxes: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”, and retrospectively adjusted the prior period, resulting in a $0.8 million reclassification of Other Current Liabilities to Deferred Credits and Other Long-Term Liabilities on the Company’s December 27, 2015 Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 18 for additional information regarding income taxes. Stock-Based Compensation Expense. The Company measures and recognizes compensation cost at fair value for all share-based payments, including stock options, restricted share awards and restricted share units. The fair value of stock options with only service conditions are estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Restricted share awards and restricted share units are valued at the market price of the Company’s shares on the grant date. The fair value of restricted share awards with service and market conditions are valued utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model. The fair value of stock-based compensation is amortized either on the graded vesting attribution method or on the cliff vesting attribution method depending on the specific award. The Company issues new shares for common stock upon exercise of stock options. The option pricing models require various highly subjective and judgmental assumptions including risk-free interest rates, expected volatility of our stock price, expected forfeiture rates, expected dividend yield and expected term. If any of the assumptions used in the models change significantly, share-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period. The specific weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock-based employee compensation are set forth in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K. In June 2014, the FASB issued guidance that requires that a performance target for a share-based payment award that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. The performance condition should not be reflected in the grant date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period for which the requisite service has already been rendered. This guidance was effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 which was our fiscal 2016. The Company already applied the standards proscribed in this guidance so it had impact to its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. The Company recorded $6.8 million ( $4.2 million net of tax), $6.7 million ( $4.2 million net of tax), and $5.3 million ( $3.3 million net of tax), in total stock-based compensation expense during 2016 , 2015 , and 2014 , respectively. Derivative Financial Instruments. The Company uses interest rate swap agreements to reduce its interest rate risk on its floating rate debt under the terms of its credit facility. The Company recognizes all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. At inception and on an on-going basis, the Company assesses whether each derivative that qualifies for hedge accounting continues to be highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item. If the derivative meets the hedge criteria as defined by certain accounting standards, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value, if any, is immediately recognized in earnings. Share Repurchases. The company is incorporated in the State of Minnesota and under the laws of that state shares of its own common stock that are acquired by the Company constitute authorized but unissued shares. The cost of the acquisition by the Company of shares of its own stock in excess of the aggregate par value of the shares first reduces additional paid-in-capital, to the extent available, with any residual cost applied against retained earnings. Going Concern. The Company's consolidated financial statements were prepared on the basis that the Company is able to continue as a going concern. There are no conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. Revisions. To conform with current year presentation, a revision was made to the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the fiscal year 2015 to reflect the reclassification of derivative losses into net income separate from unrealized derivative losses arising during the period. The reclassification increased derivative losses into net income by $0.8 million in fiscal year 2015. The revision had no impact on other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes. The reclassification noted above represent corrections that are not deemed material, individually or in the aggregate, to the prior period consolidated financial statements. Subsequent Events . The Company discloses material events that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. In general, these events are recognized if the condition existed at the date of the balance sheet, but not recognized if the condition did not exist at the balance sheet date. On February 15, 2017, the Company increased the revolving loan commitments under its 2016 revolving credit facility to $400 million . See Note 22 for further discussion. |