Realnetworks (RNWK) 10-K 8 Mar 19 2018 FY Annual report Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Mar. 01, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Trading Symbol	RNWK
Entity Registrant Name	REALNETWORKS INC
Entity Central Index Key	1,046,327
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		37,854,800
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 89

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 35,561	$ 51,196
Short-term investments	24	8,779
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances	11,751	12,689
Deferred costs, current portion	331	426
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,911	3,715
Current assets of discontinued operations	0	17,456
Total current assets	53,578	94,261
Equipment, software, and leasehold improvements, at cost:
Equipment and software	37,458	46,417
Leasehold improvements	3,292	3,536
Total equipment, software, and leasehold improvements	40,750	49,953
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	37,996	46,093
Net equipment, software, and leasehold improvements	2,754	3,860
Restricted cash equivalents and investments	1,630	2,400
Other assets	3,997	5,588
Deferred costs, non-current portion	528	955
Deferred tax assets, net	851	1,047
Other intangible assets, net	26	325
Goodwill	16,955	13,060
Total assets	80,319	121,496
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,910	3,785
Accrued and other current liabilities	11,312	12,365
Commitment to Napster	2,750	2,750
Deferred revenue, current portion	2,125	3,097
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0	17,107
Total current liabilities	20,097	39,104
Deferred revenue, non-current portion	268	443
Deferred rent	986	982
Deferred tax liabilities	1,168	19
Other long-term liabilities	960	1,775
Total liabilities	23,479	42,323
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, no shares issued and outstanding:
Common stock, $0.001 par value authorized 250,000 shares; issued and outstanding 37,728 shares in 2018 and 37,341 shares in 2017	37	37
Additional paid-in capital	641,930	638,727
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(61,118)	(59,547)
Retained deficit	(524,009)	(500,044)
Total shareholders’ equity	56,840	79,173
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	80,319	121,496
Preferred stock, Series A
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, no shares issued and outstanding:
Preferred stock	0	0
Preferred stock, Undesignated series
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, no shares issued and outstanding:
Preferred stock	$ 0	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, authorized	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, issued	37,728,000	37,341,000
Common stock, outstanding	37,728,000	37,341,000
Preferred stock, Series A
Preferred stock, authorized	200,000	200,000
Preferred stock, Undesignated series
Preferred stock, authorized	59,800,000	59,800,000

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
Cost of Goods and Services Sold	17,727	23,164	27,548
Gross profit	51,783	55,554	53,931
Operating expenses:
Research and development	30,789	29,710	29,923
Sales and marketing	21,140	22,953	31,608
General and administrative	20,706	20,996	27,415
Restructuring and other charges	1,873	2,526	1,489
Lease exit and related charges	(454)	0	2,239
Total operating expenses	74,054	76,185	92,674
Operating (loss) income	(22,271)	(20,631)	(38,743)
Other income (expenses):
Interest income, net	344	436	449
Gain (loss) on sale of equity and other investments, net	0	4,500	8,473
Equity in net loss of Napster investment	(757)	(3,991)	(6,533)
Other income (expense), net	(103)	(506)	(643)
Total other income (expenses), net	(516)	439	1,746
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	(22,787)	(20,192)	(36,997)
Income tax expense (benefit)	2,202	(2,778)	776
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	(24,989)	(17,414)	(37,773)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	0	1,109	1,223
Net income (loss)	$ (24,989)	$ (16,305)	$ (36,550)
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations, Per Basic Share	$ (0.66)	$ (0.47)	$ (1.02)
Basic net income (loss) per common share, Discontinued operations	0	0.03	0.03
Net income (loss) per share - basic	(0.66)	(0.44)	(0.99)
Diluted net income (loss) per share, Continuing operations	(0.66)	(0.47)	(1.02)
Diluted net income (loss) per share, Discontinued operations	0	0.03	0.03
Net income (loss) per share - diluted	$ (0.66)	$ (0.44)	$ (0.99)
Shares used to compute basic net income (loss) per share	37,582	37,163	36,781
Shares used to compute diluted net income (loss) per share	37,582	37,163	36,781
Comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized investment holding gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustments	$ 17	$ 8	$ (1,303)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of reclassification adjustments	(1,588)	2,090	(862)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,571)	2,098	(2,165)
Net income (loss)	(24,989)	(16,305)	(36,550)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(26,560)	(14,207)	(38,715)
License And Product Revenue [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	22,602	28,919	27,846
Cost of Goods and Services Sold	6,109	6,663	6,062
Service Revenue [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	46,908	49,799	53,633
Cost of Goods and Services Sold	$ 11,618	$ 16,501	$ 21,486

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OP_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Components of net revenue:
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 16,557	$ 69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
Components of cost of revenue:
Cost of Goods and Services Sold		$ 17,727	$ 23,164	$ 27,548

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ (24,989)	$ (16,305)	$ (36,550)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,135	2,936	7,057
Stock-based compensation	2,508	3,675	5,424
Equity in net loss of Napster	757	3,991	6,533
Lease exit and related charges	(454)	0	2,239
Deferred income taxes, net	1,170	(3,871)	130
Loss (gain) on investments, net	0	(4,500)	(8,473)
Realized translation loss (gain)	0	0	272
Fair value of warrants granted in 2015 and 2017, net of subsequent mark to market adjustments in 2018, 2017 and 2016	124	(216)	280
Net change in certain operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	17,971	(5,845)	(129)
Deferred costs, prepaid expenses and other assets	(377)	2,146	964
Accounts payable	(15,125)	(599)	1,571
Accrued and other liabilities	(2,941)	(2,762)	(3,646)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(19,221)	(21,350)	(24,328)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of equipment, software, and leasehold improvements	(765)	(734)	(2,438)
Proceeds from sale of equity and other investments	0	0	4,967
Purchases of short-term investments	0	(13,905)	(75,766)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments	8,755	48,457	84,249
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(4,192)	0	(150)
Advance to Napster	0	(1,500)	(3,500)
Proceeds from the sale of Slingo and social casino business	0	4,500	4,000
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	3,798	36,818	11,362
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock (stock options and stock purchase plan)	199	239	535
Tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock	(261)	(356)	(880)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(62)	(117)	(345)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(920)	1,824	(473)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(16,405)	17,175	(13,784)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of year	53,596	36,421	50,205
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of year	37,191	53,596	36,421
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash received from income tax refunds	308	420	534
Cash paid for income taxes	1,198	1,244	2,072
Non-cash investing activities:
Increase (decrease) in accrued purchases of equipment, software, and leasehold improvements	$ 10	$ (86)	$ 26

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAR

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND NONCONTROLLING INTEREST - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings (Deficit)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 120,683	$ 36	$ 627,316	$ (59,480)	$ (447,189)
Balances (shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		36,298
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock	(344)	$ 1	(345)
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock (shares)		(1,203)
Share of Rhapsody equity transactions	1,533		1,533
Share-based Compensation	5,424
Stock-based compensation	5,424		5,424
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,165)			(2,165)
Net income (loss)	(36,550)				(36,550)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2016	88,581	$ 37	633,928	(61,645)	(483,739)
Balances (shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		37,501
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock	(117)	$ 0	(117)
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock (shares)		160
Share of Rhapsody equity transactions	1,241		1,241
Share-based Compensation	3,675
Stock-based compensation	3,675		3,675
Other comprehensive income (loss)	2,098			2,098
Net income (loss)	(16,305)				(16,305)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2017	79,173	$ 37	638,727	(59,547)	(500,044)
Balances (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		37,341
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock	(62)	$ 0	(62)
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan, and vesting of restricted shares, net of tax payments from shares withheld upon vesting of restricted stock (shares)		387
Share of Rhapsody equity transactions	757		757
Share-based Compensation	2,508		2,508
Stock-based compensation	2,508
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,571)			(1,571)
Net income (loss)	(24,989)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 56,840	$ 37	$ 641,930	$ (61,118)	$ (524,009)
Balances (shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		37,728

Description of Business and Sum

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Description of Business. RealNetworks, Inc. and subsidiaries is a leading global provider of network-delivered digital media applications and services that make it easy to manage, play and share digital media. The Company also develops and markets software products and services that enable the creation, distribution and consumption of digital media, including audio and video. Inherent in our business are various risks and uncertainties, including a limited history of certain of our product and service offerings. RealNetworks' success will depend on the acceptance of our technology, products and services and the ability to generate related revenue. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (10-K), RealNetworks, Inc. and subsidiaries is referred to as “RealNetworks”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”. Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented. Operating results for the year ended December 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any subsequent periods. See Note 17. Discontinued Operations for further information regarding the expiration of our contract with LOEN Entertainment, Co, LTD (LOEN) in 2017 and the reporting of this business as a discontinued operation. Unless otherwise noted, amounts and percentages for all periods discussed below reflect the results of operations and financial condition of our continuing operations. Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments. We consider all short-term investments with a remaining contractual maturity at date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Other short-term investments with remaining contractual maturities of five years or less are classified as short-term because the investments are marketable and highly liquid, and we have the ability to utilize them for current operations. Realized gains and losses and any declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on short-term investments are included in other income (expense), net. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on short-term investments are determined using the specific identification method. Trade Accounts Receivable. Trade accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns is our estimate of the amount of probable credit losses and returns in our existing accounts receivable. We determine the allowances based on analysis of historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, return history and current economic trends. We review the allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns quarterly. Past due balances over 90 days and specified other balances are reviewed individually for collectability. All other balances are reviewed on an aggregate basis. Account balances are written off against the allowance after all reasonable means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. We do not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to our customers. Concentration of Credit Risk. Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. Short-term investments consist of U.S. government and government agency securities, corporate notes and bonds, and municipal securities. We derive a portion of our revenue from a large number of individual consumers spread globally. We also derive revenue from several large customers. If the financial condition or results of operations of any one of the large customers deteriorates substantially, our operating results could be adversely affected. To reduce credit risk, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of significant customers. We do not generally require collateral and we maintain an allowance for estimated credit losses on customer accounts when considered necessary. Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation of equipment and software, as well as amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term. The useful life of equipment and software is generally three to five years. Depreciation and amortization expense of these assets during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was $1.7 million , $2.3 million and $6.0 million , respectively. Equity Method Investment. We use the equity method in circumstances where we have the ability to exert significant influence, but not control, over an investee or joint venture. We initially record our investment based on a fair value analysis of the investment. We record our percentage interest in the investee's recorded income or loss and changes in the investee's capital under this method, which will increase or decrease the reported value of our investment. See Note 5. Napster Joint Venture and Note 22. Subsequent Event for additional information. We evaluate impairment of an investment accounted for under the equity method if events and circumstances warrant. An impairment charge would be recorded if a decline in the fair value of an equity investment below its carrying amount were determined to be other than temporary. In determining if a decline is other than temporary, we consider factors such as the length of time and extent to which the fair value of the investment has been less than the carrying amount of the investee or joint venture, the near-term and longer-term operating and financial prospects of the investee or joint venture and our intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery. Deferred Costs. We defer certain costs on projects for service revenues and system sales. Deferred costs consist primarily of direct and incremental costs to customize and install systems, as defined in individual customer contracts, including costs to acquire hardware and software from third parties and payroll and related costs for employees and other third parties. Deferred costs are capitalized during the implementation period. We recognize such costs as a component of cost of revenue, the timing of which is dependent upon the revenue recognition policy by contract. At each balance sheet date, we review deferred costs to ensure they are ultimately recoverable. Any anticipated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized when evidence indicates the estimated total cost of a contract exceeds its estimated total revenue or if actual deferred costs exceed estimated contractual revenue. Assessing the recoverability of deferred costs is based on significant assumptions and estimates, including future revenue and cost of sales. Significant or sustained decreases in revenue or increases in cost of sales in future periods could result in impairments of deferred project costs and prepaid royalty advances. We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any such impairments. Should deferred project costs or prepaid royalty advances become impaired, we would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Definite-Lived Tangible and Intangible Assets. Definite-lived tangible assets include equipment, software and leasehold improvements and are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Definite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of the fair value of customer agreements and contracts, and developed technology acquired in business combinations and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. We review these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of an asset group is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value, which is generally determined as the present value of estimated future cash flows to a market participant. Our impairment analysis is based on significant assumptions of future results, including operating and cash flow projections. Significant or sustained declines in future revenue or cash flows, or adverse changes in our business climate, among other factors, could result in the need to record an impairment charge in future periods. Goodwill. We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, in our fourth quarter, or more frequently if circumstances indicate reporting unit carrying values may exceed their fair values. Circumstances that may indicate a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value include, but are not limited to: poor economic performance relative to historical or projected future operating results; significant negative industry, economic or company specific trends; changes in the manner of our use of the assets or the plans for our business; and loss of key personnel. When evaluating goodwill for impairment, based upon our annual test or due to changes in circumstances described above, we first perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not less than the reporting unit's carrying amount including goodwill. If this assessment indicates it is more likely than not, we then compare the carrying value of the reporting unit to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the estimated fair value, we then calculate the implied estimated fair value of goodwill for the reporting unit and compare it to the carrying amount of goodwill for the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied estimated fair value, an impairment charge to current operations is recorded to reduce the carrying value to implied estimated value. Significant judgment is required in determining the reporting units and assessing fair value of the reporting units. Fair Value. Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid in transfering a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Our fair value measurements consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair values are determined based on three levels of inputs: • Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities • Level 2: Directly or indirectly observed inputs for the asset or liability, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active • Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect our own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use Research and Development. Costs incurred in research and development are expensed as incurred. Software development costs are capitalized when a product’s technological feasibility has been established through the date the product is available for general release to customers. Other than internal use software, we have not capitalized any software development costs, as technological feasibility is generally not established until a working model is completed, at which time substantially all development is complete. Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenue from contracts with customers as control of the promised good or service is transferred. Please refer to Note 3. Revenue Recognition for further details regarding our recognition policies. Advertising Expenses. We expense the cost of advertising and promoting our products as incurred. These costs are included in sales and marketing expense and totaled $4.3 million in 2018 , $4.5 million in 2017 and $6.1 million in 2016 . Foreign Currency. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is generally the currency of the country in which the subsidiary operates. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars using rates of exchange in effect at the end of the reporting period. The net gain or loss resulting from translation is shown as translation adjustment and included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) in shareholders’ equity. Income and expense accounts are translated into U.S. dollars using average rates of exchange. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations. Accounting for Taxes Collected from Customers. Our revenues are reported net of sales and other transaction taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to taxing authorities. Income Taxes. We compute income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between financial reporting basis and tax basis of our assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the ability to generate sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in the appropriate taxing jurisdictions. Adjustments to the valuation allowance could be required in the future if we estimate that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount we have recorded. Any increase or decrease in the valuation allowance could have the effect of increasing or decreasing the income tax provision in the statement of operations. Deferred tax assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. We file numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. including federal, state and local, as well as foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for tax years before 2013 or state, local, or foreign income tax examinations for years before 1993. We are currently under audit by various states and foreign jurisdictions for certain tax years subsequent to 1993. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model or other appropriate valuation models such as Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fair value of stock-based option awards. The fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date of the award. Generally, we recognize the compensation cost for awards on a straight-line basis for the entire award, over the applicable vesting period. For performance-based awards, expense is recognized when it is probable the performance goal will be achieved, however if the likelihood becomes improbable, that expense is reversed. For market-based stock options, fair value is measured at the grant date using the Monte Carlo simulation model and we recognize compensation cost for these awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the awards. For our employee stock purchase plan, compensation expense is measured based on the discount the employee is entitled to upon purchase. The valuation models for stock-based option awards require various judgmental assumptions including volatility in our common stock price and expected option life. If any of the assumptions used in the valuation models change significantly, stock-based compensation expense for new awards may differ materially in the future from the amounts recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. For all awards, we also estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Net Income Per Share. Basic net income (loss) per share (EPS) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period.

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

Recent Accounting Pronouncements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently adopted accounting pronouncements In May 2014, and subsequently updated and amended in 2015 and 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new revenue recognition guidance (Topic 606), which replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP. The guidance requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. We adopted Topic 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. Refer to Note 3. Revenue Recognition for further details. In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. We adopted this guidance on January 1, 2018, and retroactively applied the changes to the Statement of Cash Flows for all periods presented. As a result, we no longer classify changes in restricted cash within the investing section of our Statement of Cash flows, and instead include restricted cash with unrestricted cash as a combined total. The impact of the adoption did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to the accounting for leases. A major change in the new guidance is that lessees will be required to present right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Enhanced disclosures will also be required to give financial statement users the ability to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2019, including interim periods within 2019. In July 2018 the FASB issued an alternative method that permits application of the new guidance at the beginning of the year of adoption. This is in addition to the method of applying the new guidance retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented. We have elected to apply the new guidance at the beginning of 2019 and not retrospectively. We are finalizing our assessment of the impacts resulting from the new standard, including the impact on our internal controls. As a result of our evaluation, we have modified certain accounting policies and practices and updated certain existing controls. Adoption of the standard is expected to result in the recognition of material additional right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities for our operating leases. The new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations. In January 2017, the FASB issued new guidance simplifying the test for goodwill impairment. The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test, instead requiring an entity to recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the reporting unit's carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. This guidance is effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests beginning on December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We will be evaluating the impact of the guidance, but do not currently expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In June 2018, the FASB issued new guidance related to the measurement and classification for share-based awards to non-employees. The new guidance essentially aligns the measurement and classification for these awards with that for share-based awards to employees. The new guidance will be effective for us on January 1, 2019, including interim periods within 2019. We do not currently expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Note 3. Revenue Recognition Adoption of New Revenue Standard On January 1, 2018 we adopted the new revenue recognition standard by applying the modified retrospective approach to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under the new revenue recognition standard, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior periods. Consistent with the modified retrospective approach under Topic 606, we also now report the components of net revenue and cost of revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for reporting periods after January 1, 2018 with the same approach related to our disaggregation of revenue by source disclosure. We recorded a net decrease to opening retained deficit of $1.0 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting the new revenue recognition standard, with the impact primarily related to licensing of our RealPlayer product and full recognition of non-recurring engineering fees which were previously deferred and amortized over the life of the contract. The net impact to revenues as a result of adopting the new standard was an increase of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Performance Obligations We generate all of our revenue through contracts with customers. Revenue is either recognized over time as the service is provided, or at a point in time when the product is transferred to the customer, depending on the contract type. Our performance obligations typically have an original duration of one year or less. Our software licensing revenue stream generates revenue through the on-premises licensing of our codec technologies and integrated RealTimes platform. We recognize revenue upfront at the point in time when the software is made available to the customer. In cases where a sale or usage-based royalty is promised in exchange for a license of our codec technologies, revenue is recognized as the subsequent usage occurs for the contractual amount owed by the customer for that usage, as is allowed under the licensing of intellectual property section of Topic 606. Software licensing in our Mobile Services segment is invoiced on a monthly basis either based on usage of the respective product, or on a fixed fee basis. Our Consumer Media licensing is invoiced either quarterly or annually based on the usage of the respective product, or on a fixed fee basis. For each of these, the timing of payment generally does not vary significantly from the timing of invoice, however, certain of our long-term Consumer Media licensing contracts have extended payment schedules which may exceed one year. Our subscription services revenue stream allows customers to use hosted software over the respective contract period without taking possession of the technology. The stream is primarily comprised of our intercarrier messaging service, ringback tones, PC-based and mobile games subscriptions and our RealPlayer and SuperPass services. Revenues related to subscription service products are recognized ratably over the contract period, or as we have the right to invoice as a practical expedient when that amount corresponds directly with the value to the customer of our performance completed to date. Consumer subscription products are paid in advance, typically on a monthly or quarterly basis. Subscription services offered to businesses are invoiced on a monthly basis, generally based upon the amount of usage for the previous month, and the timing of payment generally does not vary significantly from the timing of invoice. Our product sales revenue stream includes purchases of mobile and wholesale games, as well as our RealPlayer product. Retail purchases are recognized and paid for at the point in time the product is made available to the end user. For games which are sold through third-party application storefronts, we evaluate the transaction for gross or net revenue recognition. As we typically are the primary obligor in our third-party transactions, we recognize revenues gross of any app store fees. We then receive monthly payments from the respective app store for all purchases within the respective month. Other revenues consist primarily of advertising and the distribution of third-party products, which are recognized and paid on a cost per impression or cost per download basis. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by source and segment (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2018 Consumer Media Mobile Services Games Business Line Software License $ 9,940 $ 2,838 $ — Subscription Services 4,895 26,832 11,141 Product Sales 1,177 — 8,647 Advertising and Other 2,156 — 1,884 Total $ 18,168 $ 29,670 $ 21,672 The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by sales channel (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2018 Consumer Media Mobile Services Games Sales Channel Business to Business $ 12,096 $ 29,081 $ 3,225 Direct to Consumer 6,072 589 18,447 Total $ 18,168 $ 29,670 $ 21,672 Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to our customers. We record accounts receivable when the right to consideration becomes unconditional, except for the passage of time. For certain contracts, payment schedules may exceed one year; for those contracts we recognize a long-term receivable. As of December 31, 2018 our balance of long-term accounts receivable was $0.7 million , and is included in other long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded no impairments to our contract assets. We record deferred revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of our completion of the underlying performance obligation. As of December 31, 2018 we had a deferred revenue balance of $2.4 million , a decrease of $1.1 million from December 31, 2017. The decrease is due primarily to our transition to Topic 606, with $0.8 million recorded to retained earnings on January 1, 2018. Significant Estimates For certain of our contracts, we recognize revenues using the sales- and usage-based exception as defined in the licensing guidance of Topic 606. For these contracts, we typically receive reporting of actual usage a quarter in arrears, and as such, we are required to estimate the current quarter's usage. To make these estimates, we utilize historical reporting information, as well as industry trends and interim reporting to quantify total quarterly usage. As actual usage information is received, we record a true-up in the following quarter to reflect any variance from our estimate. In the year ended December 31, 2018, we did not record any material true-ups to our consolidated financial statements. Practical Expedients For those contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for service performed, we do not disclose the value of any unsatisfied performance obligations. We also do not disclose the remaining unsatisfied performance obligations which have an original duration of one year or less. Additionally, we immediately expense sales commissions when incurred as the amortization period would have been less than one year. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expense.

Acquisitions and Disposals

Acquisitions and Disposals	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Acquisitions and Disposals	Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals As described in our 2016 10-K, on July 24, 2015, we entered into an agreement to sell the Slingo and social casino portion of our games business to Gaming Realms plc. Of the total transaction price of $18.0 million , $10.0 million was paid in cash at closing on August 10, 2015, $4.0 million was paid in cash in August 2016, and the remaining $4.0 million was paid in cash in December 2017, along with an additional $0.5 million payment related to an agreed-to extension of this final payment, which was originally due in August 2017. We recognized the gain related to both the 2016 and 2017 payments in Gain (loss) on sale of equity and other investments, net, on the statement of operations in 2016 and 2017. On April 16, 2018 in order to acquire a full workforce, we purchased 100% of the shares of a small, privately-held Netherlands-based game development studio for net cash consideration of $4.2 million . All tangible and intangible assets and liabilities recognized are reported within the Games segment. As a result of our purchase price allocation, we recorded $0.1 million of identifiable intangible assets relating to an existing customer contract. We also recorded goodwill of $4.4 million , representing the intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition for accounting purposes, primarily related to the assembled workforce and expected synergies in development of our Original Stories titles. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. We did not recognize significant revenue or loss before income taxes from this acquired business from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2018.

Rhapsody Joint Venture

Rhapsody Joint Venture	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]
Rhapsody Joint Venture	Note 5. Napster Joint Venture As of December 31, 2018 we owned approximately 42% of the issued and outstanding stock of Rhapsody International, Inc., doing business as Napster, and account for our investment using the equity method of accounting. Rhapsody America LLC was initially formed in 2007 as a joint venture between RealNetworks and MTV Networks, a division of Viacom International Inc. (MTVN), to own and operate a business-to-consumer digital audio music service originally branded as Rhapsody. The service was re-branded in 2016 as Napster. In this Note, we refer to the business as Napster, although the legal entity in which we hold our investment is Rhapsody International, Inc. Following certain restructuring transactions effective March 31, 2010, we began accounting for our investment using the equity method of accounting. As part of the 2010 restructuring transactions, RealNetworks contributed $18.0 million in cash, the Rhapsody brand and certain other assets, including content licenses, in exchange for shares of convertible preferred stock of Rhapsody International, Inc., carrying a $10.0 million preference upon certain liquidation events. We recorded our share of losses of the Napster business of $0.8 million , $4.0 million , and $6.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Because of the $10.0 million liquidation preference on the preferred stock we hold in Napster, under the equity method of accounting we did not record any share of Napster losses that would reduce the carrying value of our investment, which is impacted by Napster equity transactions, below $10.0 million , until Napster's book value was reduced below $10.0 million , which occurred in the first quarter of 2015. As of December 31, 2018, the carrying value of our Napster equity investment was zero , as we did not have any further commitment to provide future support to Napster, with the exception of the guaranty discussed below. Unless we commit to provide future financial support to Napster, we do not record any further share of Napster losses that would reduce our carrying value of Napster below zero; in accordance with GAAP, we currently track those suspended losses outside of our financial statements. In December 2016, RealNetworks entered into an agreement to loan up to $5 million to Napster for general operating purposes, as did Napster's other 42% owner. Each entity fully funded its loan, providing $3.5 million each in December 2016 and the remaining $1.5 million each in January 2017. These loans are subordinate to senior creditors, and bear an interest rate of 10% per annum, which is added to the outstanding principal balance. At the time of signing the agreement we recognized previously suspended Napster losses, and, consequently, we did not record a receivable related to this loan. In November 2017, Napster entered into an amendment to its revolving credit facility. In conjunction with the amendment, both RealNetworks and Napster's other 42% owner entered into an arrangement to guarantee up to $2.75 million each of Napster's outstanding indebtedness on the credit facility. As a result of this guaranty, in December 2017, we recognized previously suspended Napster losses up to the full $2.75 million guaranty in our consolidated statement of operations and as a Commitment to Napster in our consolidated balance sheets. As of the date of this filing, RealNetworks has not been required to pay any amounts under the guaranty, nor did we purchase the other 42% owner's guaranty as a result of acquiring a majority voting interest in Napster, as further described in Note 22. Subsequent Event . Summarized financial information for Napster, which represents 100% of their financial information, is as follows (in thousands): Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, Net revenue $ 143,844 $ 172,391 $ 208,085 Gross profit 37,093 27,173 38,407 Operating income (loss) 16,137 (8,256 ) (12,433 ) Net income (loss) 10,327 (13,087 ) (14,913 ) As of December 31, 2018 As of December 31, 2017 Current assets $ 44,821 $ 43,028 Non-current assets 17,679 16,874 Current liabilities 111,332 119,826 Non-current liabilities 390 1,231

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Note 6. Fair Value Measurements Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following tables present information about our financial assets that have been measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs utilized to determine fair value (in thousands). Fair Value Measurements as of Amortized Cost as of December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 22,853 $ — $ — $ 22,853 $ 22,853 Money market funds 12,708 — — 12,708 12,708 Total cash and cash equivalents 35,561 — — 35,561 35,561 Short-term investments: Corporate notes and bonds — 24 — 24 24 Total short-term investments — 24 — 24 24 Restricted cash equivalents and investments — 1,630 — 1,630 1,630 Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets) — — 865 865 — Total $ 35,561 $ 1,654 $ 865 $ 38,080 $ 37,215 Fair Value Measurements as of Amortized Cost as of December 31, 2017 December 31, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 31,065 $ — $ — $ 31,065 $ 31,065 Money market funds 20,131 — — 20,131 20,131 Total cash and cash equivalents 51,196 — — 51,196 51,196 Short-term investments: Corporate notes and bonds — 8,779 — 8,779 8,779 Total short-term investments — 8,779 — 8,779 8,779 Restricted cash equivalents and investments — 2,400 — 2,400 2,400 Warrant issued by Napster (included in Other assets) — — 989 989 — Total $ 51,196 $ 11,179 $ 989 $ 63,364 $ 62,375 Restricted cash equivalents and investments as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 relate to cash pledged as collateral against letters of credit in connection with lease agreements. Realized gains and losses on sales of short-term investment securities for 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 were not significant. Gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses on short-term investment securities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 were not significant. In February 2015, Napster issued warrants to purchase Napster common shares to both RealNetworks and Napster's other 42% owner. The warrants were issued as compensation for past services provided by RealNetworks and Napster's other 42% owner, and both warrants covered the same number of underlying shares, with a 10 year contractual term. The exercise price of the warrants was equal to the fair value of the underlying shares on the issuance date, and we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of the warrant, using an expected term of 5 years and expected volatility of 55% . On the date of issuance, we recognized and recorded the $1.2 million fair value of the warrant issued to RealNetworks within Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, and as an expense reduction within General and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The warrants are free-standing derivatives and as such their fair value is determined each quarter using updated inputs in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. At December 31, 2017, due to the management change and strategic shift undertaken by Napster, we determined that a change to the expected term was necessary. As a result, we extended the expected term by 3.25 years , resulting in a total expected term for the warrant of 8.25 years . During the year ended December 31, 2018 the decrease in the fair value of the warrants was approximately $0.1 million . In February 2017, Napster issued additional warrants to purchase Napster common shares to both RealNetworks and Napster's other 42% owner. Consistent with the warrants issued in 2015, the 2017 warrants were issued as compensation for past services provided by RealNetworks and Napster's other 42% owner, and both warrants covered the same number of underlying shares, with a 10 year contractual term. The exercise price of the warrants exceeded the fair value of the underlying shares on the issuance date, and we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of the warrant, using an expected term of 5 years and expected volatility of 55% , resulting in a recognized fair value of $0.5 million in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets, and as an expense reduction within General and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2017, due to the management change and strategic shift undertaken by Napster, we determined that a change to the expected term was necessary. As a result, we extended the expected term by 1 year, resulting in a total expected term for the warrant of 6 years . During the year ended December 31, 2018 the decrease in fair value of the warrants was insignificant. Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis Certain of our assets and liabilities are measured at estimated fair value on a non-recurring basis, using Level 3 inputs. These instruments are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). We did not record any impairments on those assets required to be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in 2018 , 2017 or 2016 . See Note 12. Lease Exit and Related Charges , for a discussion of the losses related to reductions in the use of RealNetworks' office space, which were recorded at the estimated fair value of remaining lease obligations, less expected sub-lease income.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns	Note 7. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns Activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 725 $ 633 $ 765 Addition (reduction) to allowance (224 ) (14 ) 36 Amounts written off — — (152 ) Effects of foreign currency translation (26 ) 106 (16 ) Balance, end of year $ 475 $ 725 $ 633 Activity in the allowance for sales returns (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 212 $ 169 $ 158 Addition (reduction) to allowance (126 ) 55 15 Amounts written off — (11 ) (3 ) Effects of foreign currency translation (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) Balance, end of year $ 85 $ 212 $ 169 Total, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns $ 560 $ 937 $ 802 Three customers individually comprised more than 10% of trade accounts receivable at December 31, 2018 , with the customers accounting for 23% , 11% and 10% each. One customer accounted for 20% of our trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017 . One customer accounted for 11% , or $7.7 million , of consolidated revenue during the year ended December 31, 2018 , in our Mobile Services segment. One customer accounted for 10% , or $8.0 million , of consolidated revenue during the year ended December 31, 2017 , which was reflected in our Mobile Services segment. One customer accounted for 11% , or $9.1 million , of our consolidated revenue during the year ended December 31, 2016, in our Mobile Services segment.

Other Intangible Assets

Other Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Other Intangible Assets	Note 8. Other Intangible Assets Other intangible assets (in thousands): As of December 31, 2018 2017 Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amortizing intangible assets: Customer relationships $ 30,993 $ 30,993 $ — $ 32,286 $ 31,997 $ 289 Developed technology 24,446 24,446 — 25,177 25,177 — Patents, trademarks and tradenames 3,765 3,765 — 3,932 3,896 36 Service contracts 5,538 5,512 26 5,576 5,576 — Total $ 64,742 $ 64,716 $ 26 $ 66,971 $ 66,646 $ 325 In conjunction with our acquisition of a Netherlands-based game development studio in the second quarter of 2018, we recorded $0.1 million in intangibles. Refer to Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals for further details about the acquisition. In the third quarter of 2016 we recognized a gain of $2.0 million , net of transaction costs, to Gain (loss) on sale of equity and other investments, net, as the result of a sale of a domain name with no book value to a third party. Amortization expense related to other intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was $0.4 million , $0.7 million , and $1.0 million , respectively. Estimated future amortization of other intangible assets (in thousands): 2019 26 Total $ 26 No impairments of other intangible assets were recognized in 2018 , 2017 or 2016 .

Goodwill

Goodwill	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill	Note 9. Goodwill Changes in goodwill (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Balance, beginning of year Goodwill $ 323,713 $ 323,510 Accumulated impairment losses (310,653 ) (310,653 ) 13,060 12,857 Increases (decreases) due to current year acquisitions (disposals) 4,367 — Effects of foreign currency translation (472 ) 203 3,895 203 Balance, end of year Goodwill 327,608 323,713 Accumulated impairment losses (310,653 ) (310,653 ) $ 16,955 $ 13,060 On April 16, 2018 in order to acquire a full workforce, we purchased 100% of the shares of a small, privately-held Netherlands-based game development studio for net cash consideration of $4.2 million . See Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals , for details on this acquisition. Goodwill by segment (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Consumer Media $ 580 $ 580 Mobile Services 2,040 2,182 Games 14,335 10,298 Total goodwill $ 16,955 $ 13,060 No impairments of goodwill were recorded in 2018 , 2017 , or 2016 .

Accrued and Other Current Liabi

Accrued and Other Current Liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued and Other Current Liabilities	Note 10. Accrued and Other Current Liabilities Accrued and other current liabilities (in thousands): December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Royalties and other fulfillment costs $ 1,989 $ 2,965 Employee compensation, commissions and benefits 4,444 4,384 Sales, VAT and other taxes payable 785 1,782 Other 4,094 3,234 Total accrued and other current liabilities $ 11,312 $ 12,365

Restructuring Charges

Restructuring Charges	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring Charges	Note 11. Restructuring Charges Restructuring and other charges in 2018 , 2017 and 2016 consist of costs associated with the ongoing reorganization of our business operations and our ongoing expense re-alignment efforts. The expense amounts in all three years primarily relate to severance costs due to workforce reductions. Restructuring charges are as follows (in thousands): Employee Separation Costs Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 $ 1,873 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 $ 2,526 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 $ 1,489 Changes to the accrued restructuring liability (which is included in Accrued and other current liabilities) for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , (in thousands): Employee Separation Costs Accrued liability as of December 31, 2015 $ 1,404 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 1,489 Cash payments (2,684 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2016 209 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 2,526 Cash payments (2,491 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2017 244 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 1,873 Cash payments (1,362 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2018 $ 755

Lease Exit and Related Charges

Lease Exit and Related Charges	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Changes To Accrued Loss On Excess Office Facilities [Abstract]
Lease Exit and Related Charges	Note 12. Lease Exit and Related Charges As a result of the reduction in use of RealNetworks' office space, lease exit and related charges have been recognized representing rent and contractual operating expenses over the remaining life of the leases, including estimates of sublease income expected to be received. In the first quarter of 2018, we renegotiated the lease for our Seattle headquarters, reducing our total leased space by 15% and recorded a reduction to our lease loss accrual to reflect our reduced future obligations. We continue to regularly evaluate the market for office space. If the market for such space changes further in future periods, or if our contractual subleases change, we may have to revise our estimates which may result in future adjustments to expense for excess office facilities. Changes to accrued lease exit and related charges are as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Accrued loss, beginning of year $ 2,058 $ 3,186 $ 2,595 Additions and adjustments to the lease loss accrual, including estimated sublease income (454 ) — 2,428 Less amounts paid, net of sublease income (382 ) (1,128 ) (1,837 ) Accrued loss, end of year 1,222 2,058 3,186 Less current portion (included in Accrued and other current liabilities) (346 ) (341 ) (1,024 ) Accrued loss, non-current portion (included in Other long term liabilities) $ 876 $ 1,717 $ 2,162

Shareholders_ Equity

Shareholders’ Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]
Shareholders’ Equity	Note 13. Shareholders’ Equity Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Changes in components of accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Investments Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period $ 2 $ (6 ) $ 1,297 Unrealized gains (losses), net of tax effects of $18, $4, and $10 17 8 1,647 Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense), net of tax effects of $0, $0, and $0 — — (2,950 ) Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 17 8 (1,303 ) Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balance, end of period $ 19 $ 2 $ (6 ) Foreign currency translation Accumulated other comprehensive loss, beginning of period $ (59,549 ) $ (61,639 ) $ (60,777 ) Translation adjustments (1,588 ) 2,090 (1,134 ) Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense) — — 272 Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (1,588 ) 2,090 (862 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period $ (61,137 ) $ (59,549 ) $ (61,639 ) Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of period $ (61,118 ) $ (59,547 ) $ (61,645 ) Preferred Stock. Each share of Series A preferred stock entitles the holder to one thousand votes and dividends equal to one thousand times the aggregate per share amount of dividends declared on the common stock. There are no shares of Series A preferred stock outstanding. Undesignated preferred stock will have rights and preferences that are determinable by the Board of Directors if and when determination of a new series of preferred stock has been established.

Employee Stock and Benefit Plan

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Employee Stock and Benefit Plans	Note 14. Employee Stock and Benefit Plans Equity Compensation Plans. Under our equity incentive plans we may grant various types of equity awards to employees and Directors. We have granted time-vest and performance-vest stock options and time-vest and performance-vest restricted stock. Generally, options vest based on continuous employment, over a four -year period. The options generally expire seven years from the date of grant and are exercisable at the market value of the common stock at the grant date. Time-vest restricted stock awards generally vest based on continuous employment over a two or four -year period. Performance-based awards vest if the specified performance targets are met and the grantee remains employed over the required period. The performance targets for these awards are generally based on the achievement of company-specific financial results. For these performance-based awards, expense is recognized when it is probable the performance goal will be achieved. We have also issued market-based performance stock options to certain employees. These awards vest if the market condition is met and the grantee remains employed over the requisite service period. We issue new shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock. As of December 31, 2018 there were 3.2 million shares of common stock authorized for future equity awards. Each restricted stock unit granted reduces and each restricted stock unit forfeited or canceled increases the shares available for future grant by a factor of 1.6 shares. Each stock option granted reduces and each stock option forfeited or canceled increases the shares available for future grant by a factor of one share. We also have an employee stock purchase plan, under which 0.2 million shares of common stock are authorized for future issuance as of December 31, 2018 . Stock-based compensation expense recognized in our consolidated statements of operations includes amounts related to stock options, restricted stock, and employee stock purchase plans and was as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 2,508 $ 3,675 $ 5,424 The total stock-based compensation amounts disclosed above are recorded in the respective line items within operating expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. Included in the expense for 2018, 2017 and 2016 was stock compensation recorded for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, incentive bonuses paid in fully vested restricted stock units which were authorized and granted in the first quarter of 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. No stock-based compensation was capitalized as part of the cost of an asset as of December 31, 2018 , 2017 , or 2016 . As of December 31, 2018 , we had $3.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to stock awards. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.4 years. As discussed in Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , the valuation models for stock option awards require various highly judgmental assumptions. The assumption for the expected term of the options represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on historical experience of similar awards, including the contractual terms, vesting schedules, and expectations of future employee behavior. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility of our common stock for the related expected term. The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a term equivalent to the expected term of the stock options. The dividend yield is estimated at zero because we do not currently anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. The fair value of options granted, excluding the options related to the 2016 Exchange described below, used the following weighted average assumptions: Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected dividend yield — % — % — % Risk-free interest rate 2.71 % 1.99 % 1.59 % Expected term (years) 4.3 5.3 5.1 Volatility 35 % 36 % 35 % Restricted stock unit and award activity was as follows (shares are in thousands): Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share Total Grant Date Fair Value of Vested Awards (000's) Nonvested shares, December 31, 2015 324 $ 5.94 Granted 832 3.75 Vested (802 ) 3.83 $ 3,069 Forfeited/Canceled (22 ) 5.61 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2016 332 $ 5.59 Granted 230 4.66 Vested (347 ) 5.64 $ 1,957 Forfeited/Canceled (23 ) 4.38 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2017 192 $ 4.53 Granted 943 2.56 Vested (402 ) 3.18 $ 1,278 Forfeited/Canceled (35 ) 4.69 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2018 698 $ 2.63 At December 31, 2018 the aggregate intrinsic value of restricted stock awards was $1.6 million and the weighted average remaining contractual term was approximately 1 year . Stock option activity (shares are in thousands): Options Outstanding Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding, December 31, 2015 5,517 $ 7.58 Options granted at common stock price 1,230 4.50 $ 1.51 Options cancelled as part of stock option exchange (1,961 ) 8.11 Options granted as part of stock option exchange 1,961 4.73 $ 0.74 Options exercised (90 ) 3.69 Options cancelled (796 ) 8.81 Outstanding, December 31, 2016 5,861 $ 5.73 Options granted at common stock price 993 4.29 $ 1.51 Options exercised (21 ) 3.51 Options cancelled (757 ) 6.00 Outstanding, December 31, 2017 6,076 $ 5.47 Options granted at common stock price 2,339 3.17 $ 1.01 Options exercised — — Options cancelled (1,087 ) 6.68 Outstanding, December 31, 2018 7,328 $ 4.56 Exercisable, December 31, 2018 4,078 $ 5.35 Vested and expected to vest, December 31, 2018 6,260 $ 4.73 In 2016 and 2015 we granted 400,000 and 200,000 market-based stock options, which are included in the stock option tables above. As of December 31, 2018 , the weighted average remaining contractual life of the options was as follows: outstanding options 5.0 years; exercisable options 4.2 years; and vested and expected to vest options 4.8 years. As of December 31, 2018 , there was no significant aggregate intrinsic value for our outstanding, exercisable or vested and expected to vest options. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised in 2018 was zero , and for 2017 and 2016 was insignificant. Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) allows an eligible employee to purchase shares of our common stock at a price equal to 85 percent of the fair market value of the common stock at the end of the semi-annual offering periods, subject to certain limitations. Under the ESPP, 79,200 , 49,700 and 53,600 shares were purchased during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Retirement Savings Plan. We have a salary deferral plan (401(k) Plan) that covers substantially all employees. Eligible employees may contribute a portion of their eligible compensation to the plan up to limits stated in the plan documents, not to exceed the dollar amounts set by applicable laws. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , we matched 50% of the first three percent of participating employees’ contributions, and contributed $0.2 million , $0.3 million , and $0.3 million , respectively, in matching contributions. We can terminate the matching contributions at our discretion. We have no other post-employment or post-retirement benefit plans. Stock Option Exchange. In September 2016, our shareholders approved amendments to our stock plans to allow for an option exchange program. The program, which launched on November 3, 2016, offered eligible employees and certain other service providers an opportunity to exchange certain outstanding options, with a per share exercise price in excess of $4.33 (the "Eligible Options"), for new awards. The Company granted these new options on December 6, 2016, with an exercise price of $4.73 , the fair market price of the Company's common stock as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market at the close of business on that day. Members of the Company's Board of Directors, including our CEO, were not eligible for this program. In connection with the program, options to purchase 2.0 million shares of the Company's common stock were exchanged, representing 58% of total shares of common stock underlying the Eligible Options. As a result of the exchange, an additional $1.5 million , gross of estimated forfeitures, will be recognized over approximately 2 years , or the remaining average vesting period.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 15. Income Taxes Components of income (loss) before income taxes (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States operations $ (16,144 ) $ (15,731 ) $ (34,100 ) Foreign operations (6,643 ) (4,461 ) (2,897 ) Income (loss) before income taxes $ (22,787 ) $ (20,192 ) $ (36,997 ) Components of income tax expense (benefit) (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Current: United States federal $ 612 $ 683 $ 712 State and local 53 42 59 Foreign 367 368 (125 ) Total current 1,032 1,093 646 Deferred: United States federal 338 (3,643 ) 3 State and local — 2 1 Foreign 832 (230 ) 126 Total deferred 1,170 (3,871 ) 130 Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 2,202 $ (2,778 ) $ 776 Income tax expense differs from “expected” income tax expense (computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% in 2018 and 35% in 2017 and 2016) due to the following (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States federal tax expense (benefit) at statutory rate $ (4,785 ) $ (7,067 ) $ (12,949 ) State taxes, net of United States federal tax expense (benefit) (694 ) (273 ) (533 ) Change in valuation allowance 5,804 1,133 13,148 Non-deductible stock compensation 448 587 144 Impact of non-U.S. jurisdictional tax rate difference (117 ) 603 335 Research and development tax credit (12 ) — (338 ) Increase (reversal) of unrecognized tax benefits — — 135 Basis difference in investment 159 1,397 538 Non-U.S. withholding tax 470 435 452 Change in indefinite reinvestment assertion 998 — — Other (69 ) 407 (156 ) Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 2,202 $ (2,778 ) $ 776 Net deferred tax assets, which are recorded at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 using a 21% tax rate in the U.S. following the passage of the Tax Act, are comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: United States federal net operating loss carryforwards $ 62,983 $ 59,457 Deferred expenses 660 926 Research and development tax credit carryforwards 24,523 24,499 Net unrealized loss on investments 62 62 Accrued loss on excess office facilities 291 489 Stock-based compensation 2,603 2,738 State net operating loss carryforwards 11,971 13,746 Foreign net operating loss carryforwards 31,254 32,759 Deferred revenue 67 108 Equipment, software, and leasehold improvements 2,642 3,119 Intangibles 13 2 Net unrealized gains and basis differences on investments 1,193 1,188 Other 486 183 Gross deferred tax assets 138,748 139,276 Less valuation allowance 137,246 137,117 Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance $ 1,502 $ 2,159 Deferred tax liabilities: Other intangible assets $ (155 ) $ (62 ) Undistributed foreign earnings (1,001 ) — Other (479 ) (814 ) Prepaid expenses (184 ) (254 ) Gross deferred tax liabilities (1,819 ) (1,130 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ (317 ) $ 1,029 In 2018 , we continued to record a valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets that we believe are not more likely than not to be realized. The net change in valuation allowance was a $0.1 million increase and a $39.2 million decrease during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. We maintain a valuation allowance of $137.2 million for our deferred tax assets due to uncertainty regarding their realization as of December 31, 2018 . The net increase in the valuation allowance since December 31, 2017 of $0.1 million was the result of an increase in current year deferred tax assets for which the Company maintains a valuation allowance. RealNetworks' U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards totaled $299.9 million and $283.1 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The increase is mainly due to the current year U.S. taxable loss. The remaining net operating loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2018 are from prior U.S. taxable losses and from acquired subsidiaries that are limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382. These net operating loss carryforwards expire between 2024 and 2037. In 2018, we finalized our evaluation of the current and future impacts of the Tax Act. There have been no changes to the estimates the Company provisionally recorded in 2017 in accordance with SAB 118. The primary impact of the Tax Act was the elimination of the corporate AMT for tax years beginning January 1, 2018, and provides that existing AMT credit carryovers are refundable beginning in 2018. The Company's $3.6 million of AMT credit carryovers are expected to be fully refunded by 2022. A $3.6 million benefit was recognized in 2017 as a result of this change. Income tax receivables were $3.6 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017 . $1.8 million of the $3.6 million is refundable in 2019 and has been recorded in our current tax receivable. The remaining $1.8 million remains in other long term assets. We have concluded that we will not owe U.S. taxes on previously untaxed accumulated and current E&P of certain foreign subsidiaries. This conclusion is based on our history of negative E&P generated by our foreign subsidiaries. We have also concluded that we will not owe U.S. taxes on global intangible low-taxed income earned by controlled foreign corporations. In 2018, RealNetworks’ controlled foreign corporations had more tested loss than tested income; therefore, the Company did not have any deemed intangible income inclusion under the global intangible low-taxed income regime. RealNetworks' U.S. federal research and development tax credit carryforward totaled $24.5 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017 . The research and development credit carryforwards expire between 2020 and 2038. Unrecognized tax benefits were $0.4 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The unrecognized tax benefits are due to federal research and development tax credit carryforward risks. As of December 31, 2018, there are no unrecognized tax benefits remaining that would affect our effective tax rate if recognized, as the offset would increase the valuation allowance. We do not anticipate that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next twelve months. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2018 , and 2017 we have no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Prior to the Tax Act, the Company had not provided for U.S. income taxes on undistributed earnings and other outside basis differences of its foreign subsidiaries as it was the Company's intention for these tax basis differences to remain indefinitely reinvested. As a result of the Tax Act and other factors in the Company's strategic plan, the Company reevaluated its assertion and no longer intends to indefinitely reinvest substantially all of the Company's foreign earnings outside of the U.S. As a result of this change, we have recorded deferred taxes of $1.0 million as of December 31, 2018 to reflect local country foreign withholding taxes associated with a future repatriation of such foreign earnings. Reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 358 $ 493 $ 320 Increases related to prior year tax positions 8 — 38 Decreases related to prior year tax positions — (135 ) — Increases related to current year tax positions 8 — 135 Balance, end of year $ 374 $ 358 $ 493

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (Loss) Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	Note 16. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (EPS) (in thousands, except per share data): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ (24,989 ) $ (17,414 ) $ (37,773 ) Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute basic EPS 37,582 37,163 36,781 Dilutive effect of stock based awards — — — Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute diluted EPS 37,582 37,163 36,781 Basic EPS from continuing operations $ (0.66 ) $ (0.47 ) $ (1.02 ) Diluted EPS from continuing operations $ (0.66 ) $ (0.47 ) $ (1.02 ) Approximately 6.5 million , 5.3 million , and 4.8 million shares of potentially issuable shares from stock awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , respectively, because of their antidilutive effect.

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued Operations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Discontinued Operations	Note 17. Discontinued Operations On December 31, 2017, our contract with our low-margin music on demand customer LOEN expired. The activity for this contract represented our only revenue source relating to music on demand services, and we did not renew the sole contract for this service, resulting in the abandonment of the related business. As the exit of the music on demand business represented a strategic shift, and the amounts were financially significant to our consolidated results, at December 31, 2017 we determined this business should be reported as a discontinued operation, and treated it as such beginning in our fourth quarter of 2017. The following table summarizes the results of operations, which were recorded in our Mobile Services segment, relating to the discontinued operation (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Net revenue $ — $ 46,034 $ 38,989 Cost of revenue — 44,612 37,420 Gross profit — 1,422 1,569 Income taxes — 313 346 Income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ — $ 1,109 $ 1,223 The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities of the discontinued operation (in thousands). These assets and liabilities relate to final settlements of prior year activity between various parties. These balances were fully settled prior to the end of the second quarter of 2018. December 31, December 31, Trade accounts receivable, net $ — $ 17,456 Total current assets of discontinued operations — 17,456 Accounts payable $ — $ 15,836 Accrued and other current liabilities — 1,271 Total current liabilities of discontinued operations $ — $ 17,107 The cash flows related to the discontinued operation have not been segregated, and are included in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For all periods presented, depreciation and amortization, capital expenditures and significant operating non-cash items from the discontinued operation were not material.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies Commitments. We have commitments for future payments related to office facilities leases. We lease office facilities under various operating leases expiring through 2024. Future minimum payments as of December 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Office Leases 2019 $ 3,744 2020 3,049 2021 2,722 2022 2,424 2023 2,348 Thereafter 1,634 Total minimum payments (a) $ 15,921 (a) Total minimum payments exclude executory costs, inclusive of insurance, maintenance, and taxes, of $6.2 million ; minimum payments also have not been reduced by sublease rentals of $6.0 million due in the future under noncancelable subleases. Rent expense during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , was $2.8 million , $3.0 million , and $4.2 million , respectively. As discussed in Note 5. Napster Joint Venture , in late 2017, we entered into an arrangement whereby we may be required to guarantee up to $2.75 million of Napster's outstanding indebtedness on their revolving credit facility. As of the date of this filing, we have not been required to pay any portion of this commitment. For additional details, refer to Note 22. Subsequent Event . We could in the future become subject to legal proceedings, governmental investigations and claims in the ordinary course of business, including employment claims, contract-related claims, and claims of alleged infringement of third-party patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. Such claims, even if not meritorious, could force us to expend significant financial and managerial resources. In addition, given the broad distribution of some of our consumer products, any individual claim related to those products could give rise to liabilities that may be material to us. In the event of a determination adverse to us, we may incur substantial monetary liability, and/or be required to change our business practices. Either of these could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.

Guarantees

Guarantees	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Guarantees [Abstract]
Guarantees	Note 19. Guarantees In the ordinary course of business, RealNetworks is subject to potential obligations for standard warranty and indemnification provisions that are contained within many of our customer license and service agreements. Our warranty provisions are consistent with those prevalent in our industry, and we do not have a history of incurring losses on warranties; therefore, we do not maintain accruals for warranty-related obligations. With regard to indemnification provisions, nearly all of our carrier contracts obligate us to indemnify our carrier customers for certain liabilities that may be incurred by them. We have received in the past, and may receive in the future, claims for indemnification from some of our carrier customers. In relation to certain patents and other technology assets we sold to Intel in the second quarter of 2012, we have specific obligations to indemnify Intel for breaches of the representations and warranties that we made and covenants that we agreed to in the asset purchase agreement for certain potential future intellectual property infringement claims brought by third parties against Intel. The amount of any potential liabilities related to our indemnification obligations to Intel will not be determined until a claim has been made, but we are obligated to indemnify Intel up to the amount of the gross purchase price that we received in the sale.

Segment Information

Segment Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Information	Note 20. Segment Information We manage our business and report revenue and operating income (loss) in three segments: (1) Consumer Media, which includes licensing of our codec technology and our PC-based RealPlayer products, including RealPlayer Plus and related products; (2) Mobile Services, which includes our SaaS services and our integrated RealTimes ® platform which is sold to mobile carriers; and (3) Games, which includes all our games-related businesses, including sales of mobile games and games licenses, online games subscription services, in-game virtual goods, and advertising on games sites and social network sites. We allocate to our reportable segments certain corporate expenses which are directly attributable to supporting the businesses, including but not limited to a portion of finance, legal, human resources and headquarters facilities. Remaining expenses, which are not directly attributable to supporting the business, are reported as corporate items. These corporate items also include restructuring charges, lease exit and related charges, and stock compensation charges. RealNetworks reports the three reportable segments based on factors such as how we manage our operations and how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) reviews results. The CODM reviews financial information presented on both a consolidated basis and on a business segment basis. The accounting policies used to derive segment results are the same as those described in Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies . Segment results for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 were as follows (in thousands): Consumer Media 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 18,168 $ 22,569 $ 25,051 Cost of revenue 3,858 4,460 7,074 Gross profit 14,310 18,109 17,977 Operating expenses 14,419 14,530 18,399 Operating income (loss) $ (109 ) $ 3,579 $ (422 ) Mobile Services 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 29,670 $ 30,752 $ 31,289 Cost of revenue 8,623 10,021 12,606 Gross profit 21,047 20,731 18,683 Operating expenses 28,066 27,970 34,439 Operating income (loss) $ (7,019 ) $ (7,239 ) $ (15,756 ) Games 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 21,672 $ 25,397 $ 25,139 Cost of revenue 6,123 8,710 7,919 Gross profit 15,549 16,687 17,220 Operating expenses 20,324 20,401 19,644 Operating income (loss) $ (4,775 ) $ (3,714 ) $ (2,424 ) Corporate 2018 2017 2016 Cost of revenue $ (877 ) $ (27 ) $ (51 ) Operating expenses 11,245 13,284 20,192 Operating income (loss) $ (10,368 ) $ (13,257 ) $ (20,141 ) Our customers consist primarily of consumers and corporations located in the U.S., Europe and various foreign countries (Rest of the World). Revenue by geographic region (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States $ 35,803 $ 40,832 $ 41,505 Europe 12,144 12,973 13,700 Rest of the World 21,563 24,913 26,274 Total $ 69,510 $ 78,718 $ 81,479 Long-lived assets (consists of equipment, software, leasehold improvements, other intangible assets, and goodwill) by geographic region (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 United States $ 11,823 $ 12,236 Europe 6,761 3,437 Rest of the World 1,151 1,572 Total long-lived assets $ 19,735 $ 17,245

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	Note 21. Related Party Transactions See Note 5. Napster Joint Venture , Note 6. Fair Value Measurements and Note 22. Subsequent Event for details on transactions involving Napster.

Quarterly Information (Unaudite

Quarterly Information (Unaudited)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Information (Unaudited)	Note 23. Quarterly Information (Unaudited) The following table summarizes the unaudited statement of operations for each quarter of 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data): Total Dec. 31 (2) Sept. 30 June 30 Mar. 31 2018 Net revenue $ 69,510 $ 16,557 $ 17,579 $ 15,724 $ 19,650 Gross profit 51,783 12,830 13,340 11,099 14,514 Operating (loss) income (22,271 ) (5,556 ) (4,928 ) (6,833 ) (4,954 ) Net income (loss) (24,989 ) (6,904 ) (5,977 ) (6,930 ) (5,178 ) Basic net income (loss) per share (1): Net income (loss) per share - basic (0.66 ) (0.18 ) (0.16 ) (0.18 ) (0.14 ) Diluted net income (loss) per share (1): Net income (loss) per share - diluted (0.66 ) (0.18 ) (0.16 ) (0.18 ) (0.14 ) 2017 Net revenue $ 78,718 $ 18,865 $ 18,557 $ 21,605 $ 19,691 Gross profit 55,554 13,900 13,214 15,318 13,122 Operating (loss) income (20,631 ) (4,757 ) (4,459 ) (3,166 ) (8,249 ) Net income (loss) from continuing operations (17,414 ) 447 (4,532 ) (3,779 ) (9,550 ) Net income (loss) from discontinued operations 1,109 392 198 393 126 Net income (loss) (16,305 ) 839 (4,334 ) (3,386 ) (9,424 ) Basic net income (loss) per share (1): Continuing operations (0.47 ) 0.01 (0.12 ) (0.10 ) (0.26 ) Discontinued operations 0.03 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 Net income (loss) per share - basic (0.44 ) 0.02 (0.12 ) (0.09 ) (0.25 ) Diluted net income (loss) per share (1): Continuing operations (0.47 ) 0.01 (0.12 ) (0.10 ) (0.26 ) Discontinued operations 0.03 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 Net income (loss) per share - diluted (0.44 ) 0.02 (0.12 ) (0.09 ) (0.25 ) (1) The sum of the quarterly net income per share amounts will not necessarily equal net income per share for the year due to the use of weighted average quarterly shares and the effects of rounding. (2) Included in fourth quarter 2017 net income was a $4.5 million pretax gain related to the 2015 sale of Slingo, described in Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals .

Subsequent Event (Notes)

Subsequent Event (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Note 22. Subsequent Event On January 18, 2019, RealNetworks acquired an additional 42% interest in Napster from its former joint venture partner resulting in our now having a majority voting interest, owning 84% of Napster's outstanding equity. We also now have the right to nominate directors constituting a majority of the Napster board of directors. Napster will continue to operate as an independent business, however, with its own board of directors, strategy and leadership team. Although we have no legal obligation to fund Napster losses and it is our intention to have Napster continue to operate as an independent company, RealNetworks has a majority voting interest in Napster’s business and will consolidate Napster's financial results into our financial statements for fiscal periods following the closing of the acquisition. The terms of the transaction include initial cash consideration of $1.0 million , $0.2 million of which was paid at closing and the remainder of which will be paid no later than April 25, 2019, which will be funded with our existing cash balances. During the five years following the acquisition, RealNetworks will pay the lesser of (a) an additional $14.0 million to seller, (paid ratably over such five-year period), or (b) if RealNetworks sells the interest to a third party for less than $15.0 million , the actual amount received by RealNetworks, minus the $1.0 million initial payment. Moreover, in the event that RealNetworks sells such equity interest for consideration in excess of $15.0 million , then RealNetworks will pay seller additional consideration, which shall in no event exceed an additional $25.0 million . In order for seller to receive the full $40.0 million , the proceeds from the sale of Napster received by RealNetworks for the 42% equity interest acquired would have to exceed $60.0 million . Due to the limited time since the closing of the transaction, the initial accounting for this acquisition is still in process. The remaining disclosures required under ASC 805 will be provided upon finalization of our preliminary purchase accounting in the first quarter of 2019. We will fully consolidate Napster's financial results with ours from the date we obtained control and record and present the 16% of Napster that we do not own as a noncontrolling interest. We will record 100% of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of January 18, 2019, and, as part of this consolidation, the carrying value of our existing 42% equity method investment will be stepped-up to fair value. The step-up to fair value of the existing historical 42% ownership interest is expected to result in our recording of a material gain in the first quarter of 2019. Our consolidated balance sheet will reflect Napster's working capital deficit, which we expect will result in a consolidated working capital deficit. RealNetworks does not have any contractual or implied obligation to provide funding or other financial support to Napster or to guarantee or provide other such support related to Napster's third party borrowing or Napster's other obligations, except as noted in Note 5. Napster Joint Venture . Through the date of this filing, we have incurred approximately $0.7 million in acquisition-related costs, including regulatory, legal, and other advisory fees, which we have recorded within general and administrative expenses during the respective fiscal periods in which they were incurred.

Description of Business and S_2

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business. RealNetworks, Inc. and subsidiaries is a leading global provider of network-delivered digital media applications and services that make it easy to manage, play and share digital media. The Company also develops and markets software products and services that enable the creation, distribution and consumption of digital media, including audio and video. Inherent in our business are various risks and uncertainties, including a limited history of certain of our product and service offerings. RealNetworks' success will depend on the acceptance of our technology, products and services and the ability to generate related revenue. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (10-K), RealNetworks, Inc. and subsidiaries is referred to as “RealNetworks”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”.
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented. Operating results for the year ended December 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any subsequent periods. See Note 17. Discontinued Operations for further information regarding the expiration of our contract with LOEN Entertainment, Co, LTD (LOEN) in 2017 and the reporting of this business as a discontinued operation. Unless otherwise noted, amounts and percentages for all periods discussed below reflect the results of operations and financial condition of our continuing operations.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments	Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments. We consider all short-term investments with a remaining contractual maturity at date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Other short-term investments with remaining contractual maturities of five years or less are classified as short-term because the investments are marketable and highly liquid, and we have the ability to utilize them for current operations. Realized gains and losses and any declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on short-term investments are included in other income (expense), net. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on short-term investments are determined using the specific identification method.
Trade Accounts Receivable	Trade Accounts Receivable. Trade accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns is our estimate of the amount of probable credit losses and returns in our existing accounts receivable. We determine the allowances based on analysis of historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, return history and current economic trends. We review the allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns quarterly. Past due balances over 90 days and specified other balances are reviewed individually for collectability. All other balances are reviewed on an aggregate basis. Account balances are written off against the allowance after all reasonable means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. We do not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to our customers.
Concentration of Credit Risk	Concentration of Credit Risk. Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. Short-term investments consist of U.S. government and government agency securities, corporate notes and bonds, and municipal securities. We derive a portion of our revenue from a large number of individual consumers spread globally. We also derive revenue from several large customers. If the financial condition or results of operations of any one of the large customers deteriorates substantially, our operating results could be adversely affected. To reduce credit risk, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of significant customers. We do not generally require collateral and we maintain an allowance for estimated credit losses on customer accounts when considered necessary.
Depreciation and Amortization	Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation of equipment and software, as well as amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term. The useful life of equipment and software is generally three to five years.
Equity Method Investments	Equity Method Investment. We use the equity method in circumstances where we have the ability to exert significant influence, but not control, over an investee or joint venture. We initially record our investment based on a fair value analysis of the investment. We record our percentage interest in the investee's recorded income or loss and changes in the investee's capital under this method, which will increase or decrease the reported value of our investment. See Note 5. Napster Joint Venture and Note 22. Subsequent Event for additional information. We evaluate impairment of an investment accounted for under the equity method if events and circumstances warrant. An impairment charge would be recorded if a decline in the fair value of an equity investment below its carrying amount were determined to be other than temporary. In determining if a decline is other than temporary, we consider factors such as the length of time and extent to which the fair value of the investment has been less than the carrying amount of the investee or joint venture, the near-term and longer-term operating and financial prospects of the investee or joint venture and our intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery.
Deferred Costs	Deferred Costs. We defer certain costs on projects for service revenues and system sales. Deferred costs consist primarily of direct and incremental costs to customize and install systems, as defined in individual customer contracts, including costs to acquire hardware and software from third parties and payroll and related costs for employees and other third parties. Deferred costs are capitalized during the implementation period. We recognize such costs as a component of cost of revenue, the timing of which is dependent upon the revenue recognition policy by contract. At each balance sheet date, we review deferred costs to ensure they are ultimately recoverable. Any anticipated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized when evidence indicates the estimated total cost of a contract exceeds its estimated total revenue or if actual deferred costs exceed estimated contractual revenue. Assessing the recoverability of deferred costs is based on significant assumptions and estimates, including future revenue and cost of sales. Significant or sustained decreases in revenue or increases in cost of sales in future periods could result in impairments of deferred project costs and prepaid royalty advances. We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any such impairments. Should deferred project costs or prepaid royalty advances become impaired, we would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Other Definite-Lived Intangible Assets	Definite-Lived Tangible and Intangible Assets. Definite-lived tangible assets include equipment, software and leasehold improvements and are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Definite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of the fair value of customer agreements and contracts, and developed technology acquired in business combinations and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. We review these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of an asset group is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value, which is generally determined as the present value of estimated future cash flows to a market participant. Our impairment analysis is based on significant assumptions of future results, including operating and cash flow projections. Significant or sustained declines in future revenue or cash flows, or adverse changes in our business climate, among other factors, could result in the need to record an impairment charge in future periods.
Goodwill	Goodwill. We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, in our fourth quarter, or more frequently if circumstances indicate reporting unit carrying values may exceed their fair values. Circumstances that may indicate a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value include, but are not limited to: poor economic performance relative to historical or projected future operating results; significant negative industry, economic or company specific trends; changes in the manner of our use of the assets or the plans for our business; and loss of key personnel. When evaluating goodwill for impairment, based upon our annual test or due to changes in circumstances described above, we first perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not less than the reporting unit's carrying amount including goodwill. If this assessment indicates it is more likely than not, we then compare the carrying value of the reporting unit to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the estimated fair value, we then calculate the implied estimated fair value of goodwill for the reporting unit and compare it to the carrying amount of goodwill for the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied estimated fair value, an impairment charge to current operations is recorded to reduce the carrying value to implied estimated value. Significant judgment is required in determining the reporting units and assessing fair value of the reporting units.
Fair Value	Fair Value. Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid in transfering a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Our fair value measurements consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair values are determined based on three levels of inputs: • Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities • Level 2: Directly or indirectly observed inputs for the asset or liability, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active • Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect our own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use
Research and Development	Research and Development. Costs incurred in research and development are expensed as incurred. Software development costs are capitalized when a product’s technological feasibility has been established through the date the product is available for general release to customers. Other than internal use software, we have not capitalized any software development costs, as technological feasibility is generally not established until a working model is completed, at which time substantially all development is complete.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenue from contracts with customers as control of the promised good or service is transferred. Please refer to Note 3. Revenue Recognition for further details regarding our recognition policies.
Advertising Expenses	Advertising Expenses. We expense the cost of advertising and promoting our products as incurred.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is generally the currency of the country in which the subsidiary operates. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars using rates of exchange in effect at the end of the reporting period. The net gain or loss resulting from translation is shown as translation adjustment and included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) in shareholders’ equity. Income and expense accounts are translated into U.S. dollars using average rates of exchange. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Accounting for Taxes Collected from Customers	Accounting for Taxes Collected from Customers. Our revenues are reported net of sales and other transaction taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to taxing authorities.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes. We compute income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between financial reporting basis and tax basis of our assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the ability to generate sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in the appropriate taxing jurisdictions. Adjustments to the valuation allowance could be required in the future if we estimate that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount we have recorded. Any increase or decrease in the valuation allowance could have the effect of increasing or decreasing the income tax provision in the statement of operations. Deferred tax assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. We file numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. including federal, state and local, as well as foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for tax years before 2013 or state, local, or foreign income tax examinations for years before 1993. We are currently under audit by various states and foreign jurisdictions for certain tax years subsequent to 1993. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model or other appropriate valuation models such as Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fair value of stock-based option awards. The fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date of the award. Generally, we recognize the compensation cost for awards on a straight-line basis for the entire award, over the applicable vesting period. For performance-based awards, expense is recognized when it is probable the performance goal will be achieved, however if the likelihood becomes improbable, that expense is reversed. For market-based stock options, fair value is measured at the grant date using the Monte Carlo simulation model and we recognize compensation cost for these awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the awards. For our employee stock purchase plan, compensation expense is measured based on the discount the employee is entitled to upon purchase. The valuation models for stock-based option awards require various judgmental assumptions including volatility in our common stock price and expected option life. If any of the assumptions used in the valuation models change significantly, stock-based compensation expense for new awards may differ materially in the future from the amounts recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. For all awards, we also estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
Net Income Per Share	Net Income Per Share. Basic net income (loss) per share (EPS) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period.

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Disaggregation of Revenue	The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by source and segment (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2018 Consumer Media Mobile Services Games Business Line Software License $ 9,940 $ 2,838 $ — Subscription Services 4,895 26,832 11,141 Product Sales 1,177 — 8,647 Advertising and Other 2,156 — 1,884 Total $ 18,168 $ 29,670 $ 21,672 The following table presents our disaggregated revenue by sales channel (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2018 Consumer Media Mobile Services Games Sales Channel Business to Business $ 12,096 $ 29,081 $ 3,225 Direct to Consumer 6,072 589 18,447 Total $ 18,168 $ 29,670 $ 21,672

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Tables)

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]
Summarized Financial Operating Information for Rhapsody	Summarized financial information for Napster, which represents 100% of their financial information, is as follows (in thousands): Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, Net revenue $ 143,844 $ 172,391 $ 208,085 Gross profit 37,093 27,173 38,407 Operating income (loss) 16,137 (8,256 ) (12,433 ) Net income (loss) 10,327 (13,087 ) (14,913 ) As of December 31, 2018 As of December 31, 2017 Current assets $ 44,821 $ 43,028 Non-current assets 17,679 16,874 Current liabilities 111,332 119,826 Non-current liabilities 390 1,231

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis	The following tables present information about our financial assets that have been measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs utilized to determine fair value (in thousands). Fair Value Measurements as of Amortized Cost as of December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 22,853 $ — $ — $ 22,853 $ 22,853 Money market funds 12,708 — — 12,708 12,708 Total cash and cash equivalents 35,561 — — 35,561 35,561 Short-term investments: Corporate notes and bonds — 24 — 24 24 Total short-term investments — 24 — 24 24 Restricted cash equivalents and investments — 1,630 — 1,630 1,630 Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets) — — 865 865 — Total $ 35,561 $ 1,654 $ 865 $ 38,080 $ 37,215 Fair Value Measurements as of Amortized Cost as of December 31, 2017 December 31, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 31,065 $ — $ — $ 31,065 $ 31,065 Money market funds 20,131 — — 20,131 20,131 Total cash and cash equivalents 51,196 — — 51,196 51,196 Short-term investments: Corporate notes and bonds — 8,779 — 8,779 8,779 Total short-term investments — 8,779 — 8,779 8,779 Restricted cash equivalents and investments — 2,400 — 2,400 2,400 Warrant issued by Napster (included in Other assets) — — 989 989 — Total $ 51,196 $ 11,179 $ 989 $ 63,364 $ 62,375

Allowance for Doubtful Accoun_2

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
Activity in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns	Activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 725 $ 633 $ 765 Addition (reduction) to allowance (224 ) (14 ) 36 Amounts written off — — (152 ) Effects of foreign currency translation (26 ) 106 (16 ) Balance, end of year $ 475 $ 725 $ 633 Activity in the allowance for sales returns (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 212 $ 169 $ 158 Addition (reduction) to allowance (126 ) 55 15 Amounts written off — (11 ) (3 ) Effects of foreign currency translation (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) Balance, end of year $ 85 $ 212 $ 169 Total, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns $ 560 $ 937 $ 802

Other Intangible Assets (Tables

Other Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Other Intangible Assets	Other intangible assets (in thousands): As of December 31, 2018 2017 Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amortizing intangible assets: Customer relationships $ 30,993 $ 30,993 $ — $ 32,286 $ 31,997 $ 289 Developed technology 24,446 24,446 — 25,177 25,177 — Patents, trademarks and tradenames 3,765 3,765 — 3,932 3,896 36 Service contracts 5,538 5,512 26 5,576 5,576 — Total $ 64,742 $ 64,716 $ 26 $ 66,971 $ 66,646 $ 325
Schedule of Expected Amortization Expense	Estimated future amortization of other intangible assets (in thousands): 2019 26 Total $ 26 No impairments of other intangible assets were recognized in 2018 , 2017 or 2016 .

Goodwill (Tables)

Goodwill (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Goodwill	Changes in goodwill (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Balance, beginning of year Goodwill $ 323,713 $ 323,510 Accumulated impairment losses (310,653 ) (310,653 ) 13,060 12,857 Increases (decreases) due to current year acquisitions (disposals) 4,367 — Effects of foreign currency translation (472 ) 203 3,895 203 Balance, end of year Goodwill 327,608 323,713 Accumulated impairment losses (310,653 ) (310,653 ) $ 16,955 $ 13,060 On April 16, 2018 in order to acquire a full workforce, we purchased 100% of the shares of a small, privately-held Netherlands-based game development studio for net cash consideration of $4.2 million . See Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals , for details on this acquisition. Goodwill by segment (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Consumer Media $ 580 $ 580 Mobile Services 2,040 2,182 Games 14,335 10,298 Total goodwill $ 16,955 $ 13,060

Accrued and Other Current Lia_2

Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued and Other Liabilities	Accrued and other current liabilities (in thousands): December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Royalties and other fulfillment costs $ 1,989 $ 2,965 Employee compensation, commissions and benefits 4,444 4,384 Sales, VAT and other taxes payable 785 1,782 Other 4,094 3,234 Total accrued and other current liabilities $ 11,312 $ 12,365

Restructuring Charges (Tables)

Restructuring Charges (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Schedule of Restructuring Charges by Type of Cost	Restructuring charges are as follows (in thousands): Employee Separation Costs Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 $ 1,873 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 $ 2,526 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 $ 1,489
Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost	Changes to the accrued restructuring liability (which is included in Accrued and other current liabilities) for 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , (in thousands): Employee Separation Costs Accrued liability as of December 31, 2015 $ 1,404 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 1,489 Cash payments (2,684 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2016 209 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 2,526 Cash payments (2,491 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2017 244 Costs incurred and charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 1,873 Cash payments (1,362 ) Accrued liability as of December 31, 2018 $ 755

Lease Exit and Related Charges

Lease Exit and Related Charges (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Changes To Accrued Loss On Excess Office Facilities [Abstract]
Schedule Of Accrued Loss On Excess Office Facilities	Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Accrued loss, beginning of year $ 2,058 $ 3,186 $ 2,595 Additions and adjustments to the lease loss accrual, including estimated sublease income (454 ) — 2,428 Less amounts paid, net of sublease income (382 ) (1,128 ) (1,837 ) Accrued loss, end of year 1,222 2,058 3,186 Less current portion (included in Accrued and other current liabilities) (346 ) (341 ) (1,024 ) Accrued loss, non-current portion (included in Other long term liabilities) $ 876 $ 1,717 $ 2,162

Shareholders' Equity (Tables)

Shareholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Changes in components of accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Investments Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period $ 2 $ (6 ) $ 1,297 Unrealized gains (losses), net of tax effects of $18, $4, and $10 17 8 1,647 Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense), net of tax effects of $0, $0, and $0 — — (2,950 ) Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 17 8 (1,303 ) Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balance, end of period $ 19 $ 2 $ (6 ) Foreign currency translation Accumulated other comprehensive loss, beginning of period $ (59,549 ) $ (61,639 ) $ (60,777 ) Translation adjustments (1,588 ) 2,090 (1,134 ) Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense) — — 272 Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (1,588 ) 2,090 (862 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period $ (61,137 ) $ (59,549 ) $ (61,639 ) Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of period $ (61,118 ) $ (59,547 ) $ (61,645 )

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_2

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Schedule of Total Stock-based Compensation Expense	Stock-based compensation expense recognized in our consolidated statements of operations includes amounts related to stock options, restricted stock, and employee stock purchase plans and was as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 2,508 $ 3,675 $ 5,424
Weighted-Average Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Options Granted	The fair value of options granted, excluding the options related to the 2016 Exchange described below, used the following weighted average assumptions: Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected dividend yield — % — % — % Risk-free interest rate 2.71 % 1.99 % 1.59 % Expected term (years) 4.3 5.3 5.1 Volatility 35 % 36 % 35 %
Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Activity	Restricted stock unit and award activity was as follows (shares are in thousands): Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share Total Grant Date Fair Value of Vested Awards (000's) Nonvested shares, December 31, 2015 324 $ 5.94 Granted 832 3.75 Vested (802 ) 3.83 $ 3,069 Forfeited/Canceled (22 ) 5.61 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2016 332 $ 5.59 Granted 230 4.66 Vested (347 ) 5.64 $ 1,957 Forfeited/Canceled (23 ) 4.38 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2017 192 $ 4.53 Granted 943 2.56 Vested (402 ) 3.18 $ 1,278 Forfeited/Canceled (35 ) 4.69 Nonvested shares, December 31, 2018 698 $ 2.63
Schedule of Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units Activity	Stock option activity (shares are in thousands): Options Outstanding Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding, December 31, 2015 5,517 $ 7.58 Options granted at common stock price 1,230 4.50 $ 1.51 Options cancelled as part of stock option exchange (1,961 ) 8.11 Options granted as part of stock option exchange 1,961 4.73 $ 0.74 Options exercised (90 ) 3.69 Options cancelled (796 ) 8.81 Outstanding, December 31, 2016 5,861 $ 5.73 Options granted at common stock price 993 4.29 $ 1.51 Options exercised (21 ) 3.51 Options cancelled (757 ) 6.00 Outstanding, December 31, 2017 6,076 $ 5.47 Options granted at common stock price 2,339 3.17 $ 1.01 Options exercised — — Options cancelled (1,087 ) 6.68 Outstanding, December 31, 2018 7,328 $ 4.56 Exercisable, December 31, 2018 4,078 $ 5.35 Vested and expected to vest, December 31, 2018 6,260 $ 4.73

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes	Components of income (loss) before income taxes (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States operations $ (16,144 ) $ (15,731 ) $ (34,100 ) Foreign operations (6,643 ) (4,461 ) (2,897 ) Income (loss) before income taxes $ (22,787 ) $ (20,192 ) $ (36,997 )
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	Components of income tax expense (benefit) (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Current: United States federal $ 612 $ 683 $ 712 State and local 53 42 59 Foreign 367 368 (125 ) Total current 1,032 1,093 646 Deferred: United States federal 338 (3,643 ) 3 State and local — 2 1 Foreign 832 (230 ) 126 Total deferred 1,170 (3,871 ) 130 Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 2,202 $ (2,778 ) $ 776
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	Income tax expense differs from “expected” income tax expense (computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% in 2018 and 35% in 2017 and 2016) due to the following (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States federal tax expense (benefit) at statutory rate $ (4,785 ) $ (7,067 ) $ (12,949 ) State taxes, net of United States federal tax expense (benefit) (694 ) (273 ) (533 ) Change in valuation allowance 5,804 1,133 13,148 Non-deductible stock compensation 448 587 144 Impact of non-U.S. jurisdictional tax rate difference (117 ) 603 335 Research and development tax credit (12 ) — (338 ) Increase (reversal) of unrecognized tax benefits — — 135 Basis difference in investment 159 1,397 538 Non-U.S. withholding tax 470 435 452 Change in indefinite reinvestment assertion 998 — — Other (69 ) 407 (156 ) Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 2,202 $ (2,778 ) $ 776
Schedule of Net Deferred Tax Assets	Net deferred tax assets, which are recorded at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 using a 21% tax rate in the U.S. following the passage of the Tax Act, are comprised of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: United States federal net operating loss carryforwards $ 62,983 $ 59,457 Deferred expenses 660 926 Research and development tax credit carryforwards 24,523 24,499 Net unrealized loss on investments 62 62 Accrued loss on excess office facilities 291 489 Stock-based compensation 2,603 2,738 State net operating loss carryforwards 11,971 13,746 Foreign net operating loss carryforwards 31,254 32,759 Deferred revenue 67 108 Equipment, software, and leasehold improvements 2,642 3,119 Intangibles 13 2 Net unrealized gains and basis differences on investments 1,193 1,188 Other 486 183 Gross deferred tax assets 138,748 139,276 Less valuation allowance 137,246 137,117 Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance $ 1,502 $ 2,159 Deferred tax liabilities: Other intangible assets $ (155 ) $ (62 ) Undistributed foreign earnings (1,001 ) — Other (479 ) (814 ) Prepaid expenses (184 ) (254 ) Gross deferred tax liabilities (1,819 ) (1,130 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ (317 ) $ 1,029
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits	Reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Balance, beginning of year $ 358 $ 493 $ 320 Increases related to prior year tax positions 8 — 38 Decreases related to prior year tax positions — (135 ) — Increases related to current year tax positions 8 — 135 Balance, end of year $ 374 $ 358 $ 493

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tabl

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (EPS) (in thousands, except per share data): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ (24,989 ) $ (17,414 ) $ (37,773 ) Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute basic EPS 37,582 37,163 36,781 Dilutive effect of stock based awards — — — Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute diluted EPS 37,582 37,163 36,781 Basic EPS from continuing operations $ (0.66 ) $ (0.47 ) $ (1.02 ) Diluted EPS from continuing operations $ (0.66 ) $ (0.47 ) $ (1.02 )

Discontinued Operations (Tables

Discontinued Operations (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Results of Operations and Carrying Amounts of Assets and Liabilities	The following table summarizes the results of operations, which were recorded in our Mobile Services segment, relating to the discontinued operation (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Net revenue $ — $ 46,034 $ 38,989 Cost of revenue — 44,612 37,420 Gross profit — 1,422 1,569 Income taxes — 313 346 Income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ — $ 1,109 $ 1,223 The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities of the discontinued operation (in thousands). These assets and liabilities relate to final settlements of prior year activity between various parties. These balances were fully settled prior to the end of the second quarter of 2018. December 31, December 31, Trade accounts receivable, net $ — $ 17,456 Total current assets of discontinued operations — 17,456 Accounts payable $ — $ 15,836 Accrued and other current liabilities — 1,271 Total current liabilities of discontinued operations $ — $ 17,107

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Future Minimum Payments	Future minimum payments as of December 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Office Leases 2019 $ 3,744 2020 3,049 2021 2,722 2022 2,424 2023 2,348 Thereafter 1,634 Total minimum payments (a) $ 15,921

Segment Information (Tables)

Segment Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Results	Segment results for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 were as follows (in thousands): Consumer Media 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 18,168 $ 22,569 $ 25,051 Cost of revenue 3,858 4,460 7,074 Gross profit 14,310 18,109 17,977 Operating expenses 14,419 14,530 18,399 Operating income (loss) $ (109 ) $ 3,579 $ (422 ) Mobile Services 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 29,670 $ 30,752 $ 31,289 Cost of revenue 8,623 10,021 12,606 Gross profit 21,047 20,731 18,683 Operating expenses 28,066 27,970 34,439 Operating income (loss) $ (7,019 ) $ (7,239 ) $ (15,756 ) Games 2018 2017 2016 Revenue $ 21,672 $ 25,397 $ 25,139 Cost of revenue 6,123 8,710 7,919 Gross profit 15,549 16,687 17,220 Operating expenses 20,324 20,401 19,644 Operating income (loss) $ (4,775 ) $ (3,714 ) $ (2,424 ) Corporate 2018 2017 2016 Cost of revenue $ (877 ) $ (27 ) $ (51 ) Operating expenses 11,245 13,284 20,192 Operating income (loss) $ (10,368 ) $ (13,257 ) $ (20,141 )
Revenue by Geographic Region	Our customers consist primarily of consumers and corporations located in the U.S., Europe and various foreign countries (Rest of the World). Revenue by geographic region (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 United States $ 35,803 $ 40,832 $ 41,505 Europe 12,144 12,973 13,700 Rest of the World 21,563 24,913 26,274 Total $ 69,510 $ 78,718 $ 81,479
Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Region	Long-lived assets (consists of equipment, software, leasehold improvements, other intangible assets, and goodwill) by geographic region (in thousands): December 31, 2018 2017 United States $ 11,823 $ 12,236 Europe 6,761 3,437 Rest of the World 1,151 1,572 Total long-lived assets $ 19,735 $ 17,245

Quarterly Information (Unaudi_2

Quarterly Information (Unaudited) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information	The following table summarizes the unaudited statement of operations for each quarter of 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data): Total Dec. 31 (2) Sept. 30 June 30 Mar. 31 2018 Net revenue $ 69,510 $ 16,557 $ 17,579 $ 15,724 $ 19,650 Gross profit 51,783 12,830 13,340 11,099 14,514 Operating (loss) income (22,271 ) (5,556 ) (4,928 ) (6,833 ) (4,954 ) Net income (loss) (24,989 ) (6,904 ) (5,977 ) (6,930 ) (5,178 ) Basic net income (loss) per share (1): Net income (loss) per share - basic (0.66 ) (0.18 ) (0.16 ) (0.18 ) (0.14 ) Diluted net income (loss) per share (1): Net income (loss) per share - diluted (0.66 ) (0.18 ) (0.16 ) (0.18 ) (0.14 ) 2017 Net revenue $ 78,718 $ 18,865 $ 18,557 $ 21,605 $ 19,691 Gross profit 55,554 13,900 13,214 15,318 13,122 Operating (loss) income (20,631 ) (4,757 ) (4,459 ) (3,166 ) (8,249 ) Net income (loss) from continuing operations (17,414 ) 447 (4,532 ) (3,779 ) (9,550 ) Net income (loss) from discontinued operations 1,109 392 198 393 126 Net income (loss) (16,305 ) 839 (4,334 ) (3,386 ) (9,424 ) Basic net income (loss) per share (1): Continuing operations (0.47 ) 0.01 (0.12 ) (0.10 ) (0.26 ) Discontinued operations 0.03 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 Net income (loss) per share - basic (0.44 ) 0.02 (0.12 ) (0.09 ) (0.25 ) Diluted net income (loss) per share (1): Continuing operations (0.47 ) 0.01 (0.12 ) (0.10 ) (0.26 ) Discontinued operations 0.03 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 Net income (loss) per share - diluted (0.44 ) 0.02 (0.12 ) (0.09 ) (0.25 ) (1) The sum of the quarterly net income per share amounts will not necessarily equal net income per share for the year due to the use of weighted average quarterly shares and the effects of rounding. (2) Included in fourth quarter 2017 net income was a $4.5 million pretax gain related to the 2015 sale of Slingo, described in Note 4. Acquisitions and Disposals .

Description of Business and S_3

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation expense	$ 1,700,000	$ 2,300,000	$ 6,000,000
Deferred Costs
Impairment of ongoing project, deferred costs		0
Advertising Expense
Advertising expense	$ 4,300,000	$ 4,500,000	$ 6,100,000
Equipment and Software | Minimum
Depreciation and Amortization
Useful life	3 years
Equipment and Software | Maximum
Depreciation and Amortization
Useful life	5 years

Recent Accounting Pronounceme_2

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Details) $ in Thousands	Jan. 01, 2018USD ($)
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment on retained earnings	$ 1,024

Revenue Recognition (Disaggrega

Revenue Recognition (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 16,557	$ 69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
Consumer Media
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		18,168
Consumer Media | Business To Business
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		12,096
Consumer Media | Sales Channel, Directly to Consumer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		6,072
Consumer Media | Software License
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		9,940
Consumer Media | Advertising And Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		2,156
Consumer Media | Subscription Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		4,895
Consumer Media | Product Sales
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		1,177
Mobile Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		29,670
Mobile Services | Business To Business
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		29,081
Mobile Services | Sales Channel, Directly to Consumer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		589
Mobile Services | Software License
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		2,838
Mobile Services | Advertising And Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		0
Mobile Services | Subscription Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		26,832
Mobile Services | Product Sales
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		0
Games
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		21,672
Games | Business To Business
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		3,225
Games | Sales Channel, Directly to Consumer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		18,447
Games | Software License
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		0
Games | Advertising And Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		1,884
Games | Subscription Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		11,141
Games | Product Sales
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		$ 8,647

Revenue Recognition (Additional

Revenue Recognition (Additional Information) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2018
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Retained deficit	$ (524,009)	$ (524,009)	$ (500,044)
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	16,557	69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
Accounts receivable	700	700
Contract with customer, liability	$ 2,400	2,400
Increase (decrease) in contract with customer, liability		1,100
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Retained deficit					$ 1,000
Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Accounting Standards Update 2014-09
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		$ 1,600
Deferred revenue					$ 800

Acquisitions and Disposals (Det

Acquisitions and Disposals (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 16, 2018	Jul. 24, 2015	Dec. 31, 2017	Aug. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jun. 30, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash received					$ 0	$ 4,500	$ 4,000
Additional payment received for extension of final payment			$ 500
Goodwill			13,060		$ 16,955	$ 13,060	$ 12,857
Slingo and Social Casino
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Sale price		$ 18,000
Cash received		$ 10,000	$ 4,000	$ 4,000
Netherlands-Based Game Development Studio
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of shares acquired	100.00%
Net cash consideration	$ 4,200
Intangible assets acquired	100							$ 100
Goodwill	$ 4,400

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Additio

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Additional Information) (Detail) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2010	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Nov. 30, 2017	Dec. 01, 2016
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Losses recorded in the operations of Rhapsody			$ 757,000	$ 3,991,000	$ 6,533,000
Advance to Rhapsody			0	1,500,000	3,500,000
Commitment to Napster			$ 2,750,000	2,750,000
Rhapsody America LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership interest (percent)			42.00%
Cash payments		$ 18,000,000
Liquidation preference			$ 10,000,000
Losses recorded in the operations of Rhapsody			800,000	$ 4,000,000	$ 6,500,000
Carrying value of Rhapsody investment			0
Loan commitment to Rhapsody							$ 5,000,000
Advance to Rhapsody	$ 3,500,000
Commitment to Napster			$ 1,500,000
Interest rate on loan to Rhapsody (as a percent)	10.00%
Line of Credit
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Guarantee of outstanding indebtedness						$ 2,750,000

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Summari

Rhapsody Joint Venture (Summarized Financial Information for Rhapsody) (Detail) - Rhapsody America LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Gross Profit (Loss)
Net revenue	$ 143,844	$ 172,391	$ 208,085
Gross profit	37,093	27,173	38,407
Operating income	16,137	(8,256)	(12,433)
Net income (loss)	10,327	(13,087)	$ (14,913)
Assets and Liabilities
Current assets	44,821	43,028
Non-current assets	17,679	16,874
Current liabilities	111,332	119,826
Non-current liabilities	$ 390	$ 1,231

Fair Value Measurements (Financ

Fair Value Measurements (Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	$ 38,080	$ 63,364
Amortized Cost	37,215	62,375
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	35,561	51,196
Amortized Cost	35,561	51,196
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	22,853	31,065
Amortized Cost	22,853	31,065
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Money market funds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	12,708	20,131
Amortized Cost	12,708	20,131
Short-term Investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	24	8,779
Amortized Cost	24	8,779
Short-term Investments | Corporate notes and bonds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	24	8,779
Amortized Cost	24	8,779
Restricted cash equivalents and investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	1,630	2,400
Restricted cash equivalents and investments | Restricted cash equivalents and investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	1,630	2,400
Related Party Investment | Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	865	989
Amortized Cost	0	0
Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	35,561	51,196
Level 1 | Cash and Cash Equivalents
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	35,561	51,196
Level 1 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	22,853	31,065
Level 1 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Money market funds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	12,708	20,131
Level 1 | Short-term Investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Short-term Investments | Corporate notes and bonds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Restricted cash equivalents and investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Related Party Investment | Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	1,654	11,179
Level 2 | Cash and Cash Equivalents
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Money market funds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Short-term Investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	24	8,779
Level 2 | Short-term Investments | Corporate notes and bonds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	24	8,779
Level 2 | Restricted cash equivalents and investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	1,630	2,400
Level 2 | Related Party Investment | Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	865	989
Level 3 | Cash and Cash Equivalents
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Money market funds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Short-term Investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Short-term Investments | Corporate notes and bonds
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Restricted cash equivalents and investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	0	0
Level 3 | Related Party Investment | Warrants issued by Napster (included in Other assets)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	$ 865	$ 989

Fair Value Measurements (Additi

Fair Value Measurements (Additional Information) (Detail) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2017USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of equity and other investments			$ 0	$ 0	$ 4,967
Gain (loss) on sale of equity and other investments, net			0	4,500	8,473
Financial assets fair value			38,080	63,364
Decrease in fair value of warrants			124	(216)	$ 280
Short-term Investments
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value			$ 24	$ 8,779
Warrant | Related Party Debt Obligation
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial assets fair value	$ 500	$ 1,200
Extension of expected term (in years)			3 years 3 months
Decrease in fair value of warrants			$ (100)
Warrant term	10 years	10 years	8 years 3 months
Warrants Issued To Purchase Napster | Related Party Debt Obligation
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Extension of expected term (in years)			1 year
Warrant term			6 years
Expected Volatility | Warrant | Related Party Debt Obligation
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Measurement Input	0.55	0.55
Expected Term | Warrant | Related Party Debt Obligation
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	5 years	5 years

Allowance for Doubtful Accoun_3

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns (Activity in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 937	$ 802
Ending Balance	560	937	$ 802
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	725	633	765
Addition (reduction) to allowance	(224)	(14)	36
Amounts written off	0	0	(152)
Effects of foreign currency translation	(26)	106	(16)
Ending Balance	475	725	633
Allowance for Sales Returns
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	212	169	158
Addition (reduction) to allowance	(126)	55	15
Amounts written off	0	(11)	(3)
Effects of foreign currency translation	(1)	(1)	(1)
Ending Balance	$ 85	$ 212	$ 169

Allowance for Doubtful Accoun_4

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable and Sales Returns (Additional Information) (Detail) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended							12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)Customer	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Customer	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)Customer
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Net revenue | $	$ 17,579	$ 15,724	$ 19,650	$ 18,865	$ 18,557	$ 21,605	$ 19,691
Accounts Receivable
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of major customers								3
Percentage by major customer								10.00%	20.00%
Accounts Receivable | Company A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of major customers									1
Percentage by major customer								23.00%
Accounts Receivable | Company B
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage by major customer								11.00%
Accounts Receivable | Company C
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage by major customer								10.00%
Mobile Services | Revenue by Segment
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of major customers								1	1	1
Percentage by major customer								11.00%	10.00%	11.00%
Net revenue | $								$ 7,700	$ 8,000	$ 9,100

Other Intangible Assets (Schedu

Other Intangible Assets (Schedule of Intangible Asset by Class) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gross Amount		$ 64,742	$ 66,971
Accumulated Amortization		64,716	66,646
Net		26	325
Customer relationships
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gross Amount		30,993	32,286
Accumulated Amortization		30,993	31,997
Net		0	289
Developed technology
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gross Amount		24,446	25,177
Accumulated Amortization		24,446	25,177
Net		0	0
Patents, trademarks and tradenames
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gross Amount		3,765	3,932
Accumulated Amortization		3,765	3,896
Net		0	36
Service contracts
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gross Amount		5,538	5,576
Accumulated Amortization		5,512	5,576
Net		$ 26	$ 0
Domain Name
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets [Line Items]
Gain on sale of intangible asset	$ 2,000

Other Intangible Assets (Additi

Other Intangible Assets (Additional Information and Expected Amortization) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jun. 30, 2018	Apr. 16, 2018
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization expense	$ 400	$ 700	$ 1,000
Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2,019	26
Net	$ 26	$ 325
Netherlands-Based Game Development Studio
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets acquired				$ 100	$ 100

Goodwill (Changes in Goodwill)

Goodwill (Changes in Goodwill) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year, Goodwill, gross	$ 323,713	$ 323,510
Balance, beginning of year, Accumulated impairment lossses	(310,653)	(310,653)
Balance, beginning of year, Goodwill, Net	13,060	12,857
Increases (decreases) due to current year acquisitions (disposals)	4,367	0
Effects of foreign currency translation	(472)	203
Total goodwill increase (decrease)	3,895	203
Balance, end of year, Goodwill, gross	327,608	323,713
Balance, end of year, Accumulated impairment lossses	(310,653)	(310,653)
Balance, end of year, Goodwill, Net	$ 16,955	$ 13,060

Goodwill (Goodwill by Segments

Goodwill (Goodwill by Segments and Acquisition) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 16, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 16,955	$ 13,060	$ 12,857
Consumer Media
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill		580	580
Mobile Services
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill		2,040	2,182
Games
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 14,335	$ 10,298
Netherlands-Based Game Development Studio
Goodwill [Line Items]
Percentage of shares acquired	100.00%
Net cash consideration	$ 4,200
Goodwill	$ 4,400

Accrued and Other Current Lia_3

Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Royalties and other fulfillment costs	$ 1,989	$ 2,965
Employee compensation, commissions and benefits	4,444	4,384
Sales, VAT and other taxes payable	785	1,782
Other	4,094	3,234
Total accrued and other current liabilities	$ 11,312	$ 12,365

Restructuring Charges (Details)

Restructuring Charges (Details) - Employee Separation Costs - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Costs incurred and charged to expense	$ 1,873	$ 2,526	$ 1,489
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Accrued liability beginning balance	244	209	1,404
Costs incurred and charged to expense	1,873	2,526	1,489
Cash payments	(1,362)	(2,491)	(2,684)
Accrued liability ending balance	$ 755	$ 244	$ 209

Lease Exit and Related Charge_2

Lease Exit and Related Charges (Changes to Accrued Loss on Excess Office Facilities) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2018
Disclosure Changes To Accrued Loss On Excess Office Facilities [Abstract]
Percent reduction in office space				15.00%
Accrued Loss on Excess Office Facilities [Roll Forward]
Accrued loss, beginning of year	$ 2,058	$ 3,186	$ 2,595
Additions and adjustments to the lease loss accrual, including estimated sublease income	(454)	0	2,428
Less amounts paid, net of sublease income	(382)	(1,128)	(1,837)
Accrued loss, end of year	1,222	2,058	3,186
Less current portion (included in Accrued and other current liabilities)	(346)	(341)	(1,024)
Accrued loss, non-current portion (included in Other long term liabilities)	$ 876	$ 1,717	$ 2,162

Shareholders_ Equity (Accumulat

Shareholders’ Equity (Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period	$ 79,173	$ 88,581	$ 120,683
Unrealized gains (losses), net of tax effects of $18, $4, and $10	17	8	(1,303)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,571)	2,098	(2,165)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period	56,840	79,173	88,581
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of period	(61,118)	(59,547)	(61,645)
Investments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period	2	(6)	1,297
Unrealized gains (losses), net of tax effects of $18, $4, and $10	17	8	1,647
Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense)	0	0	(2,950)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	17	8	(1,303)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period	19	2	(6)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Tax [Abstract]
Unrealized gains (losses), tax effects	4	10	0
Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense), tax effects	0	0	0
Foreign currency translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period	(59,549)	(61,639)	(60,777)
Translation adjustments	(1,588)	2,090	(1,134)
Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) included in other income (expense)	0	0	272
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,588)	2,090	(862)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period	$ (61,137)	$ (59,549)	$ (61,639)

Shareholders_ Equity (Narrative

Shareholders’ Equity (Narrative) (Details) - Preferred stock, Series A	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018vote
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of votes available	1,000
Multiple of common stock dividends awarded	1,000

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_3

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Equity Compensation Plans Narrative) (Details) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)shares	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock reserved for future issuance | shares	3.2
Capital shares reserved for future issuance | shares	0.2
Total stock-based compensation expense | $	$ 2,508	$ 3,675	$ 5,424
Total unrecognized compensation cost | $	$ 3,400
Total unrecognized compensation cost, expected recognition period	3 years 4 months 24 days
Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	4 years
Stock Options | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period	7 years
Restricted Stock | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	2 years
Restricted Stock | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	4 years
2005 Plan | Restricted Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Factor for increase	1.6

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_4

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Weighted-Average Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Options Granted) (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate	2.71%	1.99%	1.59%
Expected term	4 years 3 months 25 days	5 years 3 months 19 days	5 years 1 month 6 days
Volatility	35.00%	36.00%	35.00%

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_5

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Restricted Stock Unit and Award Activity) (Details) - Restricted Stock Unit - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Nonvested shares, beginning of year (in shares)	192	332	324
Granted (in shares)	943	230	832
Vested (in shares)	(402)	(347)	(802)
Forfeited/Canceled (in shares)	(35)	(23)	(22)
Nonvested shares, end of year (in shares)	698	192	332
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward]
Nonvested shares, beginning of year (in dollars per share)	$ 4.53	$ 5.59	$ 5.94
Granted (in dollars per share)	2.56	4.66	3.75
Vested (in dollars per share)	3.18	5.64	3.83
Forfeited/Canceled (in dollars per share)	4.69	4.38	5.61
Nonvested shares, beginning of year (in dollars per share)	$ 2.63	$ 4.53	$ 5.59
Total Fair Value of Vested Awards
Total fair value of vested awards	$ 1,278	$ 1,957	$ 3,069
Additional Information
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding	$ 1,600
Weighted average remaining contractual term	1 year

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_6

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Stock Option Activity) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	Dec. 06, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Stock Options
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Number of shares, beginning balance		6,076,000	5,861,000	5,517,000
Number of shares, Options granted at common stock price		2,339,000	993,000	1,230,000
Number of shares, options canceled as part of stock option exchange				(1,961,000)
Number of shares, Options granted as part of stock option exchange				1,961,000
Number of shares, Options exercised		0	(21,000)	(90,000)
Number of shares, Options cancelled		(1,087,000)	(757,000)	(796,000)
Number of shares, ending balance		7,328,000	6,076,000	5,861,000	5,517,000
Number of shares, Exercisable		4,078,000
Number of shares, Vested and expected to vest		6,260,000
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Weighted average exercise price, beginning balance (in dollars per share)		$ 5.47	$ 5.73	$ 7.58
Weighted average exercise price, Options granted at common stock price (in dollars per share)		3.17	4.29	4.50
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Canceled in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price, Stock Option Exchange				8.11
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Granted in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price, Stock Option Exchange				4.73
Weighted average exercise price, Options exercised (in dollars per share)		0	3.51	3.69
Weighted average exercise price, Options canceled (in dollars per share)		6.68	6	8.81
Weighted average exercise price, ending balance (in dollars per share)		4.56	5.47	5.73	$ 7.58
Weighted average exercise price, exercisable (in dollars per share)		5.35
Weighted average exercise price, vested and expected to vest (in dollars per share)		4.73
Weighted Average Fair Value Grant
Weighted average fair value grant, Options granted at common stock prrice (in dollars per share)		$ 1.01	$ 1.51	$ 1.51
Options, Additional Information
Weighted average remaining contractual life, outstanding		5 years
Weighted average remaining contractual life, exercisable		4 years 2 months 9 days
Weighted average remaining contractual life, vested and expected to vest		4 years 9 months 21 days
Intrinsic value, options exercised		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Market Based Stock Options
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Number of shares, Options granted at common stock price				400,000	200,000
Stock Option Exchange Program | Stock Options
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Number of shares, Options granted at common stock price		2,000,000
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Weighted average exercise price, Options granted at common stock price (in dollars per share)	$ 4.73
Weighted Average Fair Value Grant
Weighted average fair value grant, Options granted at common stock prrice (in dollars per share)				$ 0.74

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_7

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Employee Stock Purchase Plan Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Discount from market price percentage from ofering date	85.00%
Shares purchased under ESPP	79,200	49,700	53,600
Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Intrinsic value, options exercised	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_8

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Retirement Savings Plan Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Matching contribution percentage	50.00%
Maximum contributions per employee percentage	3.00%
Contribution amount	$ 0.2	$ 0.3	$ 0.3

Employee Stock and Benefit Pl_9

Employee Stock and Benefit Plans (Stock Option Exchange) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions	Dec. 06, 2016	Nov. 03, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Additional compensation cost to be recognized			$ 3.4
Additional compensation cost, expected recognition period			3 years 4 months 24 days
Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise price of options granted (in dollars per share)			$ 3.17	$ 4.29	$ 4.50
Options granted			2,339	993	1,230
Stock Option Exchange Program | Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Minimum exercise price to qualify for program (in dollars per share)		$ 4.33
Exercise price of options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 4.73
Options granted			2,000
Options granted, percentage of eligible shares outstanding			58.00%
Additional compensation cost to be recognized			$ 1.5
Additional compensation cost, expected recognition period			2 years

Income Taxes (Components of Inc

Income Taxes (Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations [Abstract]
United States operations	$ (16,144)	$ (15,731)	$ (34,100)
Foreign operations	(6,643)	(4,461)	(2,897)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$ (22,787)	$ (20,192)	$ (36,997)

Income Taxes (Components of I_2

Income Taxes (Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current:
United States federal	$ 612	$ 683	$ 712
State and local	53	42	59
Foreign	367	368	(125)
Total current	1,032	1,093	646
Deferred:
United States federal	338	(3,643)	3
State and local	0	2	1
Foreign	832	(230)	126
Total deferred	1,170	(3,871)	130
Total income tax expense (benefit)	$ 2,202	$ (2,778)	$ 776

Income Taxes (Income Tax Rate R

Income Taxes (Income Tax Rate Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S. federal income tax rate	35.00%		35.00%	35.00%
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations, Income Tax Reconciliation [Abstract]
United States federal tax expense (benefit) at statutory rate	$ (4,785)	$ (7,067)	$ (12,949)
State taxes, net of United States federal tax expense (benefit)	(694)	(273)	(533)
Change in valuation allowance	5,804	1,133	13,148
Non-deductible stock compensation	448	587	144
Impact of non-U.S. jurisdictional tax rate difference	(117)	603	335
Research and development tax credit	(12)	0	(338)
Increase (reversal) of unrecognized tax benefits	0	0	135
Basis difference in investment	159	1,397	538
Non-U.S. withholding tax	470	435	452
Change in indefinite reinvestment assertion	998	0	0
Other	(69)	407	(156)
Total income tax expense (benefit)	$ 2,202	$ (2,778)	$ 776

Income Taxes (Net Deferred Tax

Income Taxes (Net Deferred Tax Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred Tax Assets [Abstract]
United States federal net operating loss carryforwards	$ 62,983	$ 59,457
Deferred expenses	660	926
Research and development tax credit carryforwards	24,523	24,499
Net unrealized loss on investments	62	62
Accrued loss on excess office facilities	291	489
Stock-based compensation	2,603	2,738
State net operating loss carryforwards	11,971	13,746
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards	31,254	32,759
Deferred revenue	67	108
Equipment, software, and leasehold improvements	2,642	3,119
Intangibles	13	2
Net unrealized gains and basis differences on investments	1,193	1,188
Other	486	183
Gross deferred tax assets	138,748	139,276
Less valuation allowance	137,246	137,117
Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	1,502	2,159
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other intangible assets	(155)	(62)
Undistributed foreign earnings	1,001	0
Other	(479)	(814)
Prepaid expenses	(184)	(254)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(1,819)	(1,130)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$ (317)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)		$ 1,029

Income Taxes (Schedule of Unrec

Income Taxes (Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	$ 358	$ 493	$ 320
Increases related to prior year tax positions	8	0	38
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	0	(135)	0
Increases related to current year tax positions	8	0	135
Balance, end of year	$ 374	$ 358	$ 493

Income Taxes (Narrative) (Detai

Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax [Line Items]
Income tax receivables	$ 3,600,000	$ 0
Income taxes receivable, current	1,800,000
Income taxes receivable, noncurrent	1,800,000
Valuation Allowance [Abstract]
Change in valuation allowance	(100,000)	39,200,000
Valuation allowance	137,246,000	137,117,000
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforward	3,600,000	3,600,000
Tax benefit as a result of change in tax law		3,600,000
Research and development tax credit carryforwards	24,523,000	24,499,000
Income Tax Uncertainties [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefits	374,000	358,000	$ 493,000	$ 320,000
Income Tax Examination [Abstract]
Accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions	0	0
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Undistributed Foreign Earnings	1,000,000
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Valuation Allowance [Abstract]
Operating loss carryforwards	$ 299,900,000	$ 283,100,000

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Deta

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 447	$ (4,532)	$ (3,779)	$ (9,550)	$ (24,989)	$ (17,414)	$ (37,773)
Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute basic EPS					37,582	37,163	36,781
Dilutive effect of stock based awards					0	0	0
Weighted average common shares outstanding used to compute diluted EPS					37,582	37,163	36,781
Basic EPS (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.66)	$ (0.47)	$ (1.02)
Diluted EPS (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.66)	$ (0.47)	$ (1.02)
Shares of common stock excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share because of antidilutive effect					6,500	5,300	4,800

Discontinued Operations - Resu

Discontinued Operations - Results of Operations of Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ 392	$ 198	$ 393	$ 126	$ 0	$ 1,109	$ 1,223
Discontinued Operations | LOEN
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net revenue					0	46,034	38,989
Cost of revenue					0	44,612	37,420
Gross profit					0	1,422	1,569
Income taxes					0	313	346
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax					$ 0	$ 1,109	$ 1,223

Discontinued Operations - Carry

Discontinued Operations - Carrying Amount of Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Total current assets of discontinued operations	$ 0	$ 17,456
Total current liabilities of discontinued operations	0	17,107
Discontinued Operations | LOEN
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Trade accounts receivable, net	0	17,456
Total current assets of discontinued operations	0	17,456
Accounts payable	0	15,836
Accrued and other current liabilities	0	1,271
Total current liabilities of discontinued operations	$ 0	$ 17,107

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies (Commitments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Office Leases
2,017	$ 3,744
2,018	3,049
2,019	2,722
2,020	2,424
2,021	2,348
Thereafter	1,634
Total minimum payments (a)	15,921
Executory costs excluded	6,200
Sublease income receivable in future	6,000
Rent expense	2,800	$ 3,000	$ 4,200
Financial Guarantee
Office Leases
Guarantee of outstanding indebtedness	$ 2,750

Segment Information (Narrative)

Segment Information (Narrative) (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018Segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reporting segments	3

Segment Information (Segment Re

Segment Information (Segment Results) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 16,557								$ 69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
Cost of Goods and Services Sold									17,727	23,164	27,548
Gross profit	12,830	$ 13,340	$ 11,099	$ 14,514	$ 13,900	$ 13,214	$ 15,318	$ 13,122	51,783	55,554	53,931
Operating expenses									74,054	76,185	92,674
Operating (loss) income	$ (5,556)	$ (4,928)	$ (6,833)	$ (4,954)	$ (4,757)	$ (4,459)	$ (3,166)	$ (8,249)	(22,271)	(20,631)	(38,743)
Consumer Media
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									18,168
Mobile Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									29,670
Games
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									21,672
Operating Segments | Consumer Media
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									18,168	22,569	25,051
Cost of Goods and Services Sold									3,858	4,460	7,074
Gross profit									14,310	18,109	17,977
Operating expenses									14,419	14,530	18,399
Operating (loss) income									(109)	3,579	(422)
Operating Segments | Mobile Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									29,670	30,752	31,289
Cost of Goods and Services Sold									8,623	10,021	12,606
Gross profit									21,047	20,731	18,683
Operating expenses									28,066	27,970	34,439
Operating (loss) income									(7,019)	(7,239)	(15,756)
Operating Segments | Games
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									21,672	25,397	25,139
Cost of Goods and Services Sold									6,123	8,710	7,919
Gross profit									15,549	16,687	17,220
Operating expenses									20,324	20,401	19,644
Operating (loss) income									(4,775)	(3,714)	(2,424)
Corporate
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Cost of Goods and Services Sold									(877)	(27)	(51)
Operating expenses									11,245	13,284	20,192
Operating (loss) income									$ (10,368)	$ (13,257)	$ (20,141)

Segment Information (Revenue by

Segment Information (Revenue by Geographic Region) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 16,557	$ 69,510	$ 78,718	$ 81,479
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		35,803	40,832	41,505
Europe
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		12,144	12,973	13,700
Rest of the World
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax		$ 21,563	$ 24,913	$ 26,274

Segment Information (Long-Lived

Segment Information (Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Region) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	$ 19,735	$ 17,245
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	11,823	12,236
Europe
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	6,761	3,437
Rest of the World
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	$ 1,151	$ 1,572

Quarterly Information (Unaudi_3

Quarterly Information (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Net revenue		$ 17,579	$ 15,724	$ 19,650	$ 18,865	$ 18,557	$ 21,605	$ 19,691
Gross profit	$ 12,830	13,340	11,099	14,514	13,900	13,214	15,318	13,122	$ 51,783	$ 55,554	$ 53,931
Operating (loss) income	(5,556)	(4,928)	(6,833)	(4,954)	(4,757)	(4,459)	(3,166)	(8,249)	(22,271)	(20,631)	(38,743)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations					447	(4,532)	(3,779)	(9,550)	(24,989)	(17,414)	(37,773)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax					392	198	393	126	0	1,109	1,223
Net income (loss)	$ (6,904)	$ (5,977)	$ (6,930)	$ (5,178)	$ 839	$ (4,334)	$ (3,386)	$ (9,424)	$ (24,989)	$ (16,305)	$ (36,550)
Basic EPS (in dollars per share)					$ 0.01	$ (0.12)	$ (0.10)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.66)	$ (0.47)	$ (1.02)
Basic net income (loss) per common share, Discontinued operations					0.01	0	0.01	0.01	0	0.03	0.03
Net income (loss) per share - basic	$ (0.18)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.14)	0.02	(0.12)	(0.09)	(0.25)	(0.66)	(0.44)	(0.99)
Diluted net income (loss) per share, Continuing operations					0.01	(0.12)	(0.10)	(0.26)	(0.66)	(0.47)	(1.02)
Diluted net income (loss) per share, Discontinued operations					0.01	0	0.01	0.01	0	0.03	0.03
Net income (loss) per share - diluted	$ (0.18)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.14)	$ 0.02	$ (0.12)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.25)	$ (0.66)	$ (0.44)	$ (0.99)
Domain Name
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain on sale of intangible asset							$ 2,000
Slingo
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain on sale of business					$ 4,500

Subsequent Event Subsequent Eve

Subsequent Event Subsequent Event (Details) - Subsequent Event - USD ($)	Jan. 18, 2019	Mar. 08, 2019
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest percentage	16.00%
Rhapsody America LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percentage of shares acquired	42.00%
Total equity interest in acquiree	84.00%
Initial cash consideration	$ 1,000,000
Consideration paid at closing	200,000
Additional amount paid to seller	14,000,000
Full amount to be paid to seller	$ 40,000,000
Existing equity interest	42.00%
Business Combination, Acquisition Related Costs		$ 700,000
Rhapsody America LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of interest in acquiree	$ 15,000,000
Maximum | Rhapsody America LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Additional amount paid to seller	25,000,000
Minimum | Rhapsody America LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of interest in acquiree	$ 60,000,000

Uncategorized Items - rnwk-2018

Label	Element	Value
Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ 1,024,000