Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses The Bank makes loans to customers primarily in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area and surrounding communities. A substantial portion of the Bank's loan portfolio consists of loans to businesses secured by real estate and other business assets. Loans, net of unamortized net deferred fees, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized by type as follows: September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands, except amounts in the footnote) Amount % Amount % Commercial $ 1,415,998 19 % $ 1,354,317 19 % PPP loans 7,241 — % 51,105 1 % Income-producing - commercial real estate 3,668,720 50 % 3,385,298 48 % Owner-occupied - commercial real estate 1,091,283 15 % 1,087,776 15 % Real estate mortgage - residential 71,731 1 % 73,966 1 % Construction - commercial and residential 858,100 12 % 896,319 13 % Construction - C&I (owner-occupied) 139,238 2 % 159,579 2 % Home equity 51,396 1 % 55,811 1 % Other consumer 791 — 1,427 — Total loans 7,304,498 100 % 7,065,598 100 % Less: allowance for credit losses (75,767) (74,965) Net loans (1) $ 7,228,731 $ 6,990,633 (1) Excludes accrued interest receivable of $37.1 million and $38.6 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which were recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unamortized net deferred fees amounted to $27.4 million and $26.9 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Bank serviced $362.7 million and $351.1 million , respectively, of multifamily FHA loans, SBA loans and other loan participations that are not reflected as loan balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Real estate loans are secured primarily by duly recorded first deeds of trust or mortgages. In some cases, the Bank may accept a recorded junior trust position. In general, borrowers will have a proven ability to build, lease, manage and/or sell a commercial or residential project and demonstrate satisfactory financial condition. Additionally, an equity contribution toward the project is customarily required. Construction loans require that the financial condition and experience of the general contractor and major subcontractors be satisfactory to the Bank. Guaranteed, fixed-price contracts are required whenever appropriate, along with payment and performance bonds or completion bonds for larger scale projects. Loans intended for residential land acquisition, lot development and construction are made on the premise that the land: 1) is or will be developed for building sites for residential structures, and 2) will ultimately be utilized for construction or improvement of residential zoned real properties, including the creation of housing. Residential development and construction loans will finance projects such as single family subdivisions, planned unit developments, townhouses, and condominiums. Residential land acquisition, development and construction loans generally are underwritten with a maximum term of 36 months, including extensions approved at origination. Commercial land acquisition and construction loans are secured by real property where loan funds will be used to acquire land and to construct or improve appropriately zoned real property for the creation of income producing or owner user commercial properties. Borrowers are generally required to put equity into each project at levels determined by the appropriate approval authority. Commercial land acquisition and construction loans generally are underwritten with a maximum term of 24 months. Substantially all construction draw requests must be presented in writing on American Institute of Architects documents and certified either by the contractor, the borrower and/or the borrower's architect. Each draw request shall also include the borrower's soft cost breakdown certified by the borrower or their Chief Financial Officer. Prior to an advance, the Bank or its contractor inspects the project to determine that the work has been completed, to justify the draw requisition. Commercial permanent loans are generally secured by improved real property that is generating income in the normal course of operation. Debt service coverage, assuming stabilized occupancy, must be satisfactory to support a permanent loan. The debt service coverage ratio is ordinarily at least 1.15 to 1.0. As part of the underwriting process, debt service coverage ratios are stress tested assuming a 200 basis point increase in interest rates from their current levels. Commercial permanent loans generally are underwritten with a term not greater than 10 years or the remaining useful life of the property, whichever is lower. The preferred term is between 5 to 7 years, with amortization to a maximum of 25 years. The Company's loan portfolio includes acquisition, development and construction ("ADC") real estate loans including both investment and owner-occupied projects. ADC loans amounted to $1.5 billion at September 30, 2022. A portion of the ADC portfolio, both speculative and non-speculative, includes loan-funded interest reserves at origination. ADC loans that provide for the use of interest reserves represent approximately 54.1% of the outstanding ADC loan portfolio at September 30, 2022. The decision to establish a loan-funded interest reserve is made upon origination of the ADC loan and is based upon a number of factors considered during underwriting of the credit, including: (1) the feasibility of the project; (2) the experience of the sponsor; (3) the creditworthiness of the borrower and guarantors; (4) the borrower equity contribution; and (5) the level of collateral protection. When appropriate, an interest reserve provides an effective means of addressing the cash flow characteristics of a properly underwritten ADC loan. The Company recognizes that one of the risks inherent in the use of interest reserves is the potential masking of underlying problems with the project and/or the borrower's ability to repay the loan. In order to mitigate these inherent risks, the Company employs a series of reporting and monitoring mechanisms on all ADC loans, whether or not an interest reserve is provided, including: (1) construction and development timelines that are monitored on an ongoing basis and track the progress of a given project to the timeline projected at origination; (2) a construction loan administration department independent of the lending function; (3) third party independent construction loan inspection reports; (4) monthly interest reserve monitoring reports detailing the balance of the interest reserves approved at origination and the days of interest carry represented by the reserve balances as compared to the then current anticipated time to completion and/or sale of speculative projects; and (5) quarterly commercial real estate construction meetings among senior Company management, which include monitoring of current and projected real estate market conditions. If a project has performed as expected, it is the customary practice of the Company to increase loan-funded interest reserves. The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. PPP loans are excluded from these tables since they do not carry an allowance for credit loss, as these loans are fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by the SBA, whose guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not restrict the use of the allowance to absorb losses in other categories. (dollars in thousands) Commercial Income-Producing Commercial Real Estate Owner-Occupied -Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Mortgage Residential Construction -Commercial and Residential Home Equity Other Consumer Total Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 15,754 $ 34,120 $ 12,796 $ 790 $ 8,494 $ 647 $ 64 $ 72,665 Loans charged-off (53) — — — — — (70) (123) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 152 — 25 — — — 2 179 Net loans (charged-off) recovered 99 — 25 — — — (68) 56 Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 20 2,207 (240) 20 1,020 (23) 42 3,046 Ending balance $ 15,873 $ 36,327 $ 12,581 $ 810 $ 9,514 $ 624 $ 38 $ 75,767 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 14,475 $ 38,287 $ 12,146 $ 449 $ 9,099 $ 474 $ 35 $ 74,965 Loans charged-off (604) — (1,356) — — — (74) (2,034) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 648 — 25 — 1,627 — 4 2,304 Net loans (charged-off) recovered 44 — (1,331) — 1,627 — (70) 270 Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 1,354 (1,960) 1,766 361 (1,212) 150 73 532 Ending balance $ 15,873 $ 36,327 $ 12,581 $ 810 $ 9,514 $ 624 $ 38 $ 75,767 Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 21,348 $ 45,970 $ 12,995 $ 882 $ 10,427 $ 897 $ 41 $ 92,560 Loans charged-off (1,999) — — — — — (1) (2,000) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 81 97 — — 493 — 1 672 Net loans (charged-off) recovered (1,918) 97 — — 493 — — (1,328) Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2,503) (4,636) (1,050) 172 (179) (129) (1) (8,326) Ending balance $ 16,927 $ 41,431 $ 11,945 $ 1,054 $ 10,741 $ 768 $ 40 $ 82,906 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 26,569 $ 55,385 $ 14,000 $ 1,020 $ 11,529 $ 1,039 $ 37 $ 109,579 Loans charged-off (7,691) (5,216) — — (206) — (1) (13,114) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 326 97 — — 499 — 17 939 Net loans (charged-off) recovered (7,365) (5,119) — — 293 — 16 (12,175) Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2,277) (8,835) (2,055) 34 (1,081) (271) (13) (14,498) Ending balance $ 16,927 $ 41,431 $ 11,945 $ 1,054 $ 10,741 $ 768 $ 40 $ 82,906 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Business/Other Business/Other (dollars in thousands) Assets Real Estate Assets Real Estate Commercial $ 1,978 $ 2,008 $ 3,098 $ 6,821 PPP loans — — 1,365 — Income-producing - commercial real estate 2,645 4,333 3,193 19,378 Owner-occupied - commercial real estate — 19,191 — 42 Real estate mortgage - residential — 1,698 — 1,779 Construction - commercial and residential — — — 3,093 Home equity — — — 366 Total $ 4,623 $ 27,230 $ 7,656 $ 31,479 Credit Quality Indicators The Company uses several credit quality indicators to manage credit risk in an ongoing manner. The Company's primary credit quality indicators inform an internal credit risk rating system that categorizes loans into pass, watch, special mention, or classified categories. Credit risk ratings are applied individually to those classes of loans that have significant or unique credit characteristics that benefit from a case-by-case evaluation. These are typically loans to businesses or individuals in the classes that comprise the commercial portfolio segment. Groups of loans that are underwritten and structured using standardized criteria and characteristics, such as statistical models (e.g., credit scoring or payment performance), are typically risk rated and monitored collectively. These are typically loans to individuals in the classes that comprise the consumer portfolio segment. The following are the definitions of the Company's credit quality indicators: Pass: Loans in all classes that comprise the commercial and consumer portfolio segments that are not adversely rated, are contractually current as to principal and interest, and are otherwise in compliance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Management believes that there is a low likelihood of loss related to those loans that are considered pass. Watch: Loan paying as agreed with generally acceptable asset quality; however the obligor's performance has not met expectations. Balance sheet and/or income statement has shown deterioration to the point that the obligor could not sustain any further setbacks. Credit is expected to be strengthened through improved obligor performance and/or additional collateral within a reasonable period of time. Special Mention: Loans in the classes that comprise the commercial portfolio segment that have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If not addressed, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan. The special mention credit quality indicator is not used for classes of loans that comprise the consumer portfolio segment. Management believes that there is a moderate likelihood of some loss related to those loans that are considered special mention. Classified: Classified (a) Substandard – Loans inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard loans, does not have to exist in individual loans classified substandard. Classified (b) Doubtful – Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the assets, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. The Company's credit quality indicators are generally updated annually, however , credits rated "Watch" or below are reviewed more frequently. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the amortized cost basis of loans by risk category, class and year of origination are as follows: September 30, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Prior 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Revolving Loans Amort. Cost Basis Revolving Loans Convert. to Term Total Commercial Pass $ 190,265 $ 48,254 $ 59,021 $ 64,569 $ 229,469 $ 102,904 $ 665,362 $ 8,384 $ 1,368,228 Watch 5,854 1,859 360 3,776 2,893 996 21,980 — 37,718 Special Mention — 264 — — — 87 4,817 — 5,168 Substandard 1,695 366 287 — — — 1,269 1,267 4,884 Total 197,814 50,743 59,668 68,345 232,362 103,987 693,428 9,651 1,415,998 PPP loans Pass — — — 2,479 4,762 — — — 7,241 Total — — — 2,479 4,762 — — — 7,241 Income producing - commercial real estate Pass 788,336 428,086 455,202 298,741 550,777 496,371 195,569 363 3,213,445 Watch 249,570 5,223 — 35,707 — — — — 290,500 Special Mention 44,374 5,229 4,224 — — — 47,677 — 101,504 Substandard 60,626 2,645 — — — — — — 63,271 Total 1,142,906 441,183 459,426 334,448 550,777 496,371 243,246 363 3,668,720 Owner occupied - commercial real estate Pass 456,427 205,475 79,279 41,152 202,135 37,851 15,181 — 1,037,500 Watch 17,779 11,563 4,618 — — — 60 — 34,020 Substandard 19,763 — — — — — — — 19,763 Total 493,969 217,038 83,897 41,152 202,135 37,851 15,241 — 1,091,283 Real estate mortgage - residential Pass 16,329 12,457 11,703 3,295 16,348 6,857 — — 66,989 Watch 3,044 — — — — — — — 3,044 Substandard 1,698 — — — — — — — 1,698 Total 21,071 12,457 11,703 3,295 16,348 6,857 — — 71,731 Construction - commercial and residential Pass 42,069 71,408 98,357 180,664 156,539 139,531 123,726 — 812,294 Watch 44,409 — — — — — — 1,397 45,806 Total 86,478 71,408 98,357 180,664 156,539 139,531 123,726 1,397 858,100 Construction - C&I (owner occupied) Pass 13,935 7,289 34,322 55,777 661 6,640 6,543 — 125,167 Watch 1,036 3,254 7,480 2,301 — — — — 14,071 Total 14,971 10,543 41,802 58,078 661 6,640 6,543 — 139,238 Home equity Pass 1,713 — — 99 548 — 47,958 724 51,042 Watch 55 — — — — — 196 — 251 Substandard — — 42 — — — 61 — 103 Total 1,768 — 42 99 548 — 48,215 724 51,396 Other consumer Pass 4 — — — — 711 13 — 728 Watch — — — — — — 55 3 58 Substandard — — — — — — 5 — 5 Total 4 — — — — 711 73 3 791 Total Recorded Investment $ 1,958,981 $ 803,372 $ 754,895 $ 688,560 $ 1,164,132 $ 791,948 $ 1,130,472 $ 12,138 7,304,498 December 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands) Prior 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Revolving Loans Amort. Cost Basis Revolving Loans Convert. to Term Total Commercial Pass $ 180,877 $ 58,693 $ 103,058 $ 90,874 $ 87,515 $ 211,563 $ 549,055 $ 6,023 $ 1,287,658 Watch 5,896 6,567 1,020 996 4,268 3,137 18,336 627 40,847 Special Mention — 9,515 363 — — — 901 — 10,779 Substandard 4,205 778 1,850 437 — — 7,763 — 15,033 Total 190,978 75,553 106,291 92,307 91,783 214,700 576,055 6,650 1,354,317 PPP loans Pass — — — — 16,840 32,900 — — 49,740 Substandard — — — — 1,365 — — — 1,365 Total — — — — 18,205 32,900 — — 51,105 Income producing - commercial real estate Pass 572,550 333,394 418,489 495,808 337,178 549,356 198,210 — 2,904,985 Watch 58,334 73,760 — 43,561 35,094 — — — 210,749 Special Mention 101,580 — 41,936 4,264 — — 47,692 — 195,472 Substandard 60,059 — 8,491 5,542 — — — — 74,092 Total 792,523 407,154 468,916 549,175 372,272 549,356 245,902 — 3,385,298 Owner occupied - commercial real estate Pass 353,471 127,687 210,348 81,604 41,135 184,529 16,838 1,922 1,017,534 Watch 22,710 4,581 11,783 7,026 — — 62 — 46,162 Special Mention — — — 2,122 — — — — 2,122 Substandard 21,958 — — — — — — — 21,958 Total 398,139 132,268 222,131 90,752 41,135 184,529 16,900 1,922 1,087,776 Real estate mortgage - residential Pass 14,645 5,854 12,956 15,546 3,436 16,495 — — 68,932 Watch 3,255 — — — — — — — 3,255 Substandard 1,698 — — 81 — — — — 1,779 Total 19,598 5,854 12,956 15,627 3,436 16,495 — — 73,966 Construction - commercial and residential Pass 32,815 139,756 171,152 142,599 160,952 71,799 127,956 1,773 848,802 Watch 506 43,918 — — — — — — 44,424 Substandard — — — 3,093 — — — — 3,093 Total 33,321 183,674 171,152 145,692 160,952 71,799 127,956 1,773 896,319 Construction - C&I (owner occupied) Pass 19,710 1,754 25,163 39,803 61,408 768 6,648 — 155,254 Watch 680 390 3,255 — — — — — 4,325 Total 20,390 2,144 28,418 39,803 61,408 768 6,648 — 159,579 Home equity Pass 1,474 — — — 70 702 52,077 883 55,206 Watch 193 — — — — — — — 193 Substandard 46 — — 45 — — 58 263 412 Total 1,713 — — 45 70 702 52,135 1,146 55,811 Other consumer Pass 370 — — — — — 1,002 — 1,372 Substandard — — — — — — 55 — 55 Total 370 — — — — — 1,057 — 1,427 Total Recorded Investment $ 1,457,032 $ 806,647 $ 1,009,864 $ 933,401 $ 749,261 $ 1,071,249 $ 1,026,653 $ 11,491 $ 7,065,598 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans As part of the Company's comprehensive loan review process, management evaluates loans that are past-due 30 days or more. Management makes a thorough assessment of the conditions and circumstances surrounding each delinquent loan. The Bank's loan policy requires that loans be placed on nonaccrual if they are 90 days past-due, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection. Additionally, Credit Administration specifically analyzes the status of development and construction projects, sales activities and utilization of interest reserves in order to carefully and prudently assess potential increased levels of risk requiring additional reserves. The table presents, by class of loan, an aging analysis and the recorded investments in loans past due as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: (dollars in thousands) Loans 30-59 Days Past Due Loans 60-89 Days Past Due Loans 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Nonaccrual Loans Total Recorded Investment in Loans September 30, 2022 Commercial $ 110 $ 342 $ — $ 452 $ 1,412,528 $ 3,018 $ 1,415,998 PPP loans — — — — 7,241 — 7,241 Income producing - commercial real estate 155 10,978 — 11,133 3,654,942 2,645 3,668,720 Owner occupied - commercial real estate 281 — — 281 1,090,981 21 1,091,283 Real estate mortgage - residential — — — — 69,814 1,917 71,731 Construction - commercial and residential — 1,945 — 1,945 856,155 — 858,100 Construction - C&I (owner occupied) — 2,301 — 2,301 136,937 — 139,238 Home equity — 55 — 55 51,341 — 51,396 Other consumer 55 — — 55 736 — 791 Total $ 601 $ 15,621 $ — $ 16,222 $ 7,280,675 $ 7,601 $ 7,304,498 December 31, 2021 Commercial $ 1,462 $ 672 $ — $ 2,134 $ 1,343,307 $ 8,876 $ 1,354,317 PPP loans 1,765 825 — 2,590 47,150 1,365 51,105 Income producing - commercial real estate — — — — 3,371,842 13,456 3,385,298 Owner occupied - commercial real estate 419 19,108 — 19,527 1,068,207 42 1,087,776 Real estate mortgage – residential 1,372 — — 1,372 70,584 2,010 73,966 Construction - commercial and residential — — — — 893,226 3,093 896,319 Construction - C&I (owner occupied) — — — — 159,579 — 159,579 Home equity 33 187 — 220 55,225 366 55,811 Other consumer — — — — 1,427 — 1,427 Total $ 5,051 $ 20,792 $ — $ 25,843 $ 7,010,547 $ 29,208 $ 7,065,598 The following presents the nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: Nonaccrual with Nonaccrual with Total No Allowance an Allowance Nonaccrual (dollars in thousands, except amounts in footnotes) for Credit Loss for Credit Loss Loans September 30, 2022 Commercial $ 405 $ 2,613 $ 3,018 Income producing - commercial real estate — 2,645 2,645 Owner occupied - commercial real estate 21 — 21 Real estate mortgage - residential — 1,917 1,917 Home equity — — — Total (1)(2) $ 426 $ 7,175 $ 7,601 December 31, 2021 Commercial $ 5,806 $ 3,070 $ 8,876 PPP loans (3) 1,365 — 1,365 Income producing - commercial real estate 3,920 9,536 13,456 Owner occupied - commercial real estate 42 — 42 Real estate mortgage - residential 1,779 231 2,010 Construction - commercial and residential 3,093 — 3,093 Home equity 366 — 366 Total (1)(2) $ 16,371 $ 12,837 $ 29,208 (1) Excludes TDRs that were performing under their restructured terms totaling $24.5 million and $10.2 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. (2) Gross interest income of $410 thousand and approximately $1.4 million would have been recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, if nonaccrual loans shown above had been current and in accordance with their original terms, while $5 thousand and $23 thousand interest income was actually recorded on such loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 respectively. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of the Company's policy for placing loans on nonaccrual status. (3) The CARES Act created the PPP, a program designed to aid small- and medium-sized businesses through federally guaranteed loans distributed through banks. These loans are intended to guarantee payroll and other costs to help those businesses remain viable and allow their workers to pay their bills. Modifications A modification of a loan constitutes a TDR when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. The Company may offer various types of concessions when modifying a loan. Commercial and industrial loans modified in a TDR often involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, and converting revolving credit lines to term loans. Additional collateral, a co-borrower, or a guarantor is often requested. Commercial mortgage and construction loans modified in a TDR often involve reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, or substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor. Construction loans modified in a TDR may also involve extending the interest-only payment period. Loans modified in a TDR for the Company may have the financial effect of increasing the specific allowance associated with the loan. An allowance for consumer and commercial loans that have been modified in a TDR is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the loan's observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral dependent. Management exercises significant judgment in developing these estimates. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact to our customers, we implemented a short-term modification program that complied with the CARES Act and ASC 310-40 to provide temporary payment relief to those borrowers directly impacted by COVID-19 who were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. This program allowed for a deferral of payments for 90 days, which we extended for an additional 90 days for certain borrowers, for a maximum of 180 days on a cumulative and successive basis. The deferred payments along with interest accrued during the deferral period are due and payable on the maturity date. Additionally, none of the deferrals are reflected in the Company's asset quality measures (i.e. non-performing loans) due to the provision of the CARES Act that permits U.S. financial institutions to temporarily suspend the GAAP requirements to treat such short-term loan modifications as TDR. Similar provisions have also been confirmed by interagency guidance issued by the federal banking agencies and confirmed with staff members of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. As of September 30, 2022, substantially all of the borrowers granted deferrals under this program have returned to regular payment status. The Company had one loan modification with a balance of $19.2 million that resulted in a TDR for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and there were no loan modifications that resulted in TDRs for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company had five TDRs at September 30, 2022 totaling approximately $24.5 million. All of these loans were performing under their modified terms as of September 30, 2022. The Company had seven TDRs at December 31, 2021, totaling $16.5 million. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, four loans that had been modified as TDRs with a balance of $30.3 million, including two that previously were on nonperforming status, were sold, resulting in a charge-off of $1.4 million in connection with the sale. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the collateral for one previously nonperforming restructured loan was sold, and all of the loan's principal and part of its delinquent interest were collected; and one restructured loan that was purchased as part of the 2014 acquisition of Virginia Heritage Bank was collected at its full carrying value. For the first nine months of 2022 there were no loans that were modified as a TDR that defaulted. For the first nine months of 2021, one performing TDR loan, with a balance of $101 thousand, defaulted on its modified terms and was placed on nonaccrual status and charged off. Commercial and consumer loans modified in a TDR are closely monitored for delinquency as an early indicator of possible future default. If loans modified in a TDR subsequently default, the Company evaluates the loan for possible further loss. The allowance may be increased, adjustments may be made in the allocation of the allowance, or partial charge-offs may be taken to further write-down the carrying value of the loan. |