MicroStrategy (MSTR) 10-K 20 Feb 19 2018 FY Annual report Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Feb. 11, 2019	Jun. 29, 2018
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Trading Symbol	MSTR
Entity Registrant Name	MICROSTRATEGY INC
Entity Central Index Key	1,050,446
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 1,207.6
Class A
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		8,241,769
Class B Convertible
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		2,035,184

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 109,924	$ 420,244
Restricted cash	862	938
Short-term investments	466,186	254,927
Accounts receivable, net	171,359	165,364
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	30,068	19,180
Total current assets	778,399	860,653
Property and equipment, net	51,919	53,359
Capitalized software development costs, net	0	2,499
Deposits and other assets	8,134	7,411
Deferred tax assets, net	17,316	9,297
Total assets	855,768	933,219
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	33,684	30,711
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	48,045	41,498
Deferred revenue and advance payments	176,540	198,734
Total current liabilities	258,269	270,943
Deferred revenue and advance payments	6,469	6,400
Other long-term liabilities	61,262	50,146
Deferred tax liabilities	37	4
Total liabilities	326,037	327,493
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock undesignated, $0.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	576,957	559,918
Treasury stock, at cost; 7,285 shares and 6,405 shares, respectively	(586,161)	(475,184)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10,217)	(5,659)
Retained earnings	549,134	526,633
Total stockholders’ equity	529,731	605,726
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	855,768	933,219
Class A
Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock	16	16
Total stockholders’ equity	16	16
Class B Convertible
Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock	2	2
Total stockholders’ equity	$ 2	$ 2

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Treasury stock, shares	7,285,000	6,405,000
Class A
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	330,000,000	330,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	15,837,000	15,817,000
Common stock, shares outstanding	8,552,000	9,412,000
Class B Convertible
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	165,000,000	165,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	2,035,000	2,035,000
Common stock, shares outstanding	2,035,000	2,035,000

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016
Revenues:
Total revenues		$ 497,638		$ 503,843		$ 513,589
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		99,499		96,649		93,147
Gross profit		398,139		407,194		420,442
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		205,525		175,045		158,281
Research and development		102,499		78,766		73,142
General and administrative		86,134		80,161		79,462
Restructuring costs		0		0		45
Total operating expenses		394,158		333,972		310,930
Income from operations		3,981		73,222		109,512
Interest income, net		11,855		5,205		2,203
Other income (expense), net		4,646		(6,953)		3,218
Income before income taxes		20,482		71,474		114,933
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes		(2,019)		53,279		22,694
Net income		$ 22,501		$ 18,195		$ 92,239
Basic earnings per share	[1]	$ 1.98	[2]	$ 1.59	[2]	$ 8.07
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing basic earnings per share		11,375		11,444		11,425
Diluted earnings per share	[1]	$ 1.97	[2]	$ 1.58	[2]	$ 8.01
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing diluted earnings per share		11,412		11,547		11,516
Product licenses
Revenues:
Total revenues		$ 88,057		$ 93,259		$ 114,874
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		4,864		7,176		8,573
Subscription services
Revenues:
Total revenues		29,570		32,368		30,574
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		13,620		13,435		12,765
Total product licenses and subscription services
Revenues:
Total revenues		117,627		125,627		145,448
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		18,484		20,611		21,338
Product support
Revenues:
Total revenues		296,216		289,184		285,136
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		20,242		17,481		15,001
Other services
Revenues:
Total revenues		83,795		89,032		83,005
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues		$ 60,773		$ 58,557		$ 56,808
[1]	Basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same.
[2]	The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 22,501	$ 18,195	$ 92,239
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of applicable taxes:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(4,128)	5,300	(3,533)
Unrealized (loss) gain on short-term investments	(430)	(30)	12
Total other comprehensive (loss) income	(4,558)	5,270	(3,521)
Comprehensive income	$ 17,943	$ 23,465	$ 88,718

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Class A	Class B Convertible	Additional Paid-in Capital	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 455,281	$ 16	$ 2	$ 534,651	$ (475,184)	$ (7,408)	$ 403,204
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		15,771	2,035		(6,405)
Opening balance adjustment due to the adoption of ASU 2014-09 | ASU 2014-09	12,995	$ 0	$ 0	0	$ 0	0	12,995
Net income	92,239	0	0	0	0	0	92,239
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,521)	0	0	0	0	(3,521)	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans	1,663	$ 0	$ 0	1,663	$ 0	0	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans (in shares)		34	0		0
Tax effect of stock option exercises	1,244	$ 0	$ 0	1,244	$ 0	0	0
Share-based compensation expense	11,817	0	0	11,817	0	0	0
Payment of taxes relating to net exercise of employee stock options	(3,739)	0	0	(3,739)	0	0	0
Write-off of deferred tax assets relating to vested employee stock options that are no longer exercisable	(1,662)	0	0	(1,662)	0	0	0
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	566,317	$ 16	$ 2	543,974	$ (475,184)	(10,929)	508,438
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		15,805	2,035		(6,405)
Net income	18,195	$ 0	$ 0	0	$ 0	0	18,195
Other comprehensive income (loss)	5,270	0	0	0	0	5,270	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans	1,677	$ 0	$ 0	1,677	$ 0	0	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans (in shares)		12	0		0
Share-based compensation expense	14,267	$ 0	$ 0	14,267	$ 0	0	0
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	605,726	$ 16	$ 2	559,918	$ (475,184)	(5,659)	526,633
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		15,817	2,035		(6,405)
Net income	22,501	$ 0	$ 0	0	$ 0	0	22,501
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,558)	0	0	0	0	(4,558)	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans	2,471	$ 0	$ 0	2,471	$ 0	0	0
Issuance of class A common stock under stock option plans (in shares)		20	0		0
Purchases of treasury stock	(110,977)	$ 0	$ 0	0	$ (110,977)	0	0
Purchases of treasury stock (in shares)		0	0		(880)
Share-based compensation expense	14,568	$ 0	$ 0	14,568	$ 0	0	0
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 529,731	$ 16	$ 2	$ 576,957	$ (586,161)	$ (10,217)	$ 549,134
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		15,837	2,035		(7,285)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 22,501	$ 18,195	$ 92,239
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	3,701	15,532	19,944
Bad debt expense	1,912	2,269	224
Net realized loss on short-term investments	153	0	0
Deferred taxes	(8,274)	(3,605)	(4,450)
Release of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits	0	0	(394)
Share-based compensation expense	14,636	14,267	11,817
Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation arrangements	0	0	(1,244)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(8,357)	15,348	(16,878)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(6,561)	(4,739)	(741)
Deposits and other assets	(1,201)	3,029	(4,056)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	3,378	(9,093)	6,981
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	5,116	(6,209)	579
Accrued restructuring costs	0	0	(58)
Deferred revenue and advance payments	(22,126)	(589)	9,691
Other long-term liabilities	5,749	33,917	(3,065)
Net cash provided by operating activities	10,627	78,322	110,589
Investing activities:
Proceeds from redemption of short-term investments	491,800	390,720	361,680
Purchases of property and equipment	(6,846)	(3,982)	(2,337)
Purchases of short-term investments	(694,018)	(456,468)	(354,999)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(209,064)	(69,730)	4,344
Financing activities:
Proceeds from sale of class A common stock under exercise of employee stock options	2,471	1,677	1,663
Payment of taxes relating to net exercise of employee stock options	0	0	(3,739)
Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation arrangements	0	0	1,244
Purchases of treasury stock	(110,977)	0	0
Payments on capital lease obligations and other financing arrangements	(9)	(21)	(172)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(108,515)	1,656	(1,004)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(3,444)	8,222	(4,176)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(310,396)	18,470	109,753
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of year	421,182	402,712	292,959
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of year	110,786	421,182	402,712
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for interest	0	0	2
Cash paid during the year for income taxes, net of tax refunds	13,214	29,279	24,332
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Assets acquired under capital lease obligations and other financing arrangements	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Organization

Organization	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Organization	(1) Organization MicroStrategy is a leading worldwide provider of enterprise analytics and mobility software. The Company’s goal is to provide enterprise customers with a world-class software platform and expert services to enable each of its customers to become a more Intelligent Enterprise.

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (a) Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts in the prior years’ consolidated financial statements have been restated upon the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (b) Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, investments, fixed assets, share-based compensation, income taxes, including the carrying value of deferred tax assets, and litigation and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets, liabilities, and equity that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results and outcomes could differ from these estimates and assumptions. (c) Fair Value Measurements The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that is expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3: Inputs that are generally unobservable, supported by little or no market activity, and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The categorization of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation techniques used by the Company when measuring fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company also estimates the fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and accrued compensation and employee benefits. The Company considers the carrying value of these instruments in the financial statements to approximate fair value due to their short maturities. (d) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash equivalents include bank demand deposits, money market instruments, certificates of deposit, U.S. Treasury securities, and equivalent funds. The Company generally considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of cash balances restricted in use by contractual obligations with third parties. (e) Short-term Investments The Company periodically invests a portion of its excess cash in short-term investment instruments. All highly liquid investments with stated maturity dates between three months and one year from the purchase date are classified as short-term investments. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its short-term investments at the time of purchase and reassesses the appropriateness of the classification at each reporting date. Substantially all of the Company’s short-term investments are in U.S. Treasury securities. As of December 31, 2018, all short-term investments have been classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income (loss) until realized, subject to impairment. Premiums and discounts related to the Company’s short-term investments are amortized over the life of the investment and recorded in earnings. Unrealized holding gains and losses are determined by comparing the fair value to the amortized cost. In prior years, all short-term investments were classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. Each reporting period, the Company determines whether a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis for each individual security is other-than-temporary and if it would be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Upon recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment, the previous amortized cost basis less the portion of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment. (f) Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: three years for computer equipment and purchased software; five years for office equipment and automobiles; and 10 years for office furniture. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the improvements or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. The Company periodically evaluates the appropriateness of the estimated useful lives and salvage value of all property and equipment. Any change in the estimated useful life or salvage value is treated as a change in estimate and accounted for prospectively in the period of change. For example, during the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company increased the estimated useful life of its corporate aircraft from 10 years to 19 years and reduced the estimated salvage value from 70% to 21%. These changes in estimates did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, except for certain costs related to the aircraft. The costs of normal, recurring, or periodic repairs and maintenance activities related to the aircraft are expensed as incurred. The cost of PMMA may be treated differently because those activities may involve the acquisition of additional aircraft components or the replacement of existing aircraft components. PMMA are performed periodically based on passage of time and the use of the aircraft. The classification of a maintenance activity as part of PMMA requires judgment and can affect the amount of expense recognized in any particular period. The cost of each PMMA is expected to be capitalized and amortized over the period until the next scheduled PMMA. There have been no PMMA to date. When assets are retired or sold, the capitalized cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the property and equipment accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the results of operations. Eligible internal-use software development costs are capitalized subsequent to the completion of the preliminary project stage. Such costs include external direct material and service costs, employee payroll, and payroll-related costs. After all substantial testing and deployment is completed and the software is ready for its intended use, capitalization ceases and internal-use software development costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally three years. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Each impairment test is based on a comparison of the undiscounted cash flows to the recorded value of the asset. If an asset is impaired, the asset is written down by the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the related fair value of the asset. (g) Software Development Costs Software development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at which time such costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Capitalized software development costs include direct labor costs and fringe benefit costs attributed to programmers, software engineers, and quality control and field certifiers working on products after they reach technological feasibility, but before they are generally available to customers for sale. Technological feasibility is considered to be achieved when a product design and working model of the software product have been completed. Capitalized software development costs are typically amortized over the estimated product life of three years, on a straight-line basis. The Company has significantly accelerated the pace of its software development efforts and increased the frequency of its software releases subsequent to the release of MicroStrategy 10, which has resulted in the Company’s software development costs in recent periods being expensed as incurred within “Research and development” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Capitalized software development costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $0.0 million and $2.5 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Amortization expense related to software development costs was $2.5 million, $6.0 million, and $7.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, and is included in cost of product licenses and subscription services revenues. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. (h) Loss Contingencies and Legal Costs The Company accrues loss contingencies that are believed to be probable and can be reasonably estimated. As events evolve during the administration and litigation process and additional information becomes known, the Company reassesses its estimates related to loss contingencies. Legal costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred. (i) Deferred Revenue and Advance Payments Deferred revenue and advance payments represent amounts received or due from customers in advance of the Company transferring its products or services to the customer. In the case of multi-year service contracts, the Company generally does not invoice more than one year in advance of services and does not record any deferred revenue for amounts that have not been invoiced. Revenue is subsequently recognized in the period(s) in which control of the products or services are transferred to the customer. Deferred revenue is comprised of deferred product licenses and subscription services, deferred product support, or other services revenue based on the transaction price allocated to the specific performance obligation in the contract with the customer. (j) Revenue Recognition The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 effective as of January 1, 2018 and has adjusted its prior period consolidated financial statements to reflect full retrospective adoption. See Note 3, Recent Accounting Standards, to the consolidated financial statements for a summary of the significant changes in accounting principles and the impact to the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements. Under ASU 2014-09, the Company recognizes revenue using a five-step model: (i) Identifying the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) Identifying the performance obligation, (iii) Determining the transaction price, (iv) Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) Recognizing revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company has elected to exclude taxes assessed by government authorities in determining the transaction price, and therefore revenue is recognized net of taxes collected from customers. Performance Obligations and Timing of Revenue Recognition The Company primarily sells goods and services that fall into the categories discussed below. Each category contains one or more performance obligations that are either (i) capable of being distinct (i.e., the customer can benefit from the good or service on its own or together with readily available resources, including those purchased separately from the Company) and distinct within the context of the contract (i.e., separately identifiable from other promises in the contract) or (ii) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Aside from the Company’s term and perpetual software licenses, which are delivered at a point in time, the majority of the Company’s services are delivered over time. Product Licenses The Company sells different types of on-premise business intelligence software, licensed on a term or perpetual basis. Although license arrangements are sold with product support, the software is fully functional at the outset of the arrangement and is considered a distinct performance obligation. Revenue from product license sales is recognized when control of the software license has transferred to the customer, which is the later of delivery or commencement of the license term. The Company may also sell through resellers and OEMs who purchase the Company’s products for resale. In reseller arrangements, revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to the end user. In OEM arrangements, revenue is recognized upon delivery to the OEM. Subscription Services The Company also sells access to its software through a subscription-based cloud offering, wherein customers access the software through a third-party hosting service. Control of the software itself does not transfer to the customer under this arrangement and is not considered a separate performance obligation. Subscription services are regularly sold on a standalone basis with telephone support only. Revenue related to this subscription service is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to the software. Product Support In all license arrangements, customers are required to purchase a standard product support package and may also purchase a premium product support package for a fixed annual fee. All product support packages include both technical support and when-and-if-available software upgrades, which are treated as a single performance obligation as they are considered a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same duration and measure of progress. Revenue from product support is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to product support. Consulting Services The Company sells consulting services to help customers plan and execute deployment of the Company’s software. Customers are not required to use consulting services to fully benefit from the software license. Consulting services are regularly sold on a standalone basis and either (i) prepaid upfront or (ii) sold on a time and materials basis. Consulting arrangements are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer’s ability to use the other consulting offerings or other products and services. Revenue under consulting arrangements is recognized over time as services are delivered. For time and materials-based consulting arrangements, the Company has elected the practical expedient of recognizing revenue upon invoicing since the invoiced amount corresponds directly to the value of the Company’s service to date. Education Services The Company sells various education and training services to its customers. Education services are sold on a standalone basis under three different arrangements: (i) prepaid bulk training units that may be redeemed on training courses based on standard redemption rates, (ii) an annual subscription to unlimited training courses, and (iii) individual courses purchased a la carte. Education arrangements are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer’s ability to use the other education offerings or other products and services. Revenue on prepaid bulk training units and individual course purchases are recognized when the courses are delivered. Revenue on the annual subscription is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to unlimited training courses. See Note 13, Segment Information, to the consolidated financial statements for information regarding total revenues by geographic region. Significant Judgments and Estimates The adoption of ASU 2014-09 requires the Company to make significant judgments to determine the transaction price of a contract and subsequently allocate the transaction price based on an estimated SSP. The Company is also required to make significant judgements with respect to capitalizing incremental costs to obtain a customer contract and determining the subsequent amortization period. These significant judgments and estimates are discussed further below. Determining the Transaction Price The transaction price includes both fixed and variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The amount of variable consideration excluded from the transaction price was not material for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The Company’s estimates of variable consideration are also subject to subsequent true-up adjustments and may result in changes to its transaction prices, but such true-up adjustments are not expected to be material. The Company has the following sources of variable consideration: (i) Performance penalties – Subscription services and product support arrangements generally contain performance response time guarantees. For subscription services arrangements, the Company estimates variable consideration using a portfolio approach because performance penalties are tied to standard up-time requirements. For product support arrangements, the Company estimates variable consideration on a contract basis because such arrangements are customer-specific. For both subscription services and product support arrangements, the Company uses an expected value approach to estimate variable consideration based on historical business practices and current and future performance expectations to determine the likelihood of incurring penalties. (ii) Extended payment terms – The Company’s standard payment terms are generally within 180 days of invoicing. If extended payment terms are granted to customers, those terms generally do not exceed one year. For contracts with extended payment terms, the Company estimates variable consideration on a contract basis because such estimates are customer-specific and uses an expected value approach to analyze historical business experience on a customer-by-customer basis to determine the likelihood that extended payment terms lead to an implied price concession. (iii) Sales and usage-based royalties – Certain product license arrangements include sales or usage-based royalties, covering both the software license and product support. In these arrangements, the Company uses an expected value approach to estimate and recognize revenue for royalty sales each period, utilizing historical data on a contract-by-contract basis. True-up adjustments are recorded in subsequent periods when royalty reporting is received from the OEM partners. The Company provides a standard software assurance warranty to repair, replace, or refund software that does not perform in accordance with documentation. The standard software assurance warranty period is generally less than one year. Assurance warranty claims were not material for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The Company does not adjust the transaction price for significant financing components where the time period between cash payment and performance is one year or less. However, there are circumstances where the timing between cash payment and performance may exceed one year. These circumstances generally involve prepaid multi-year product support and subscription services arrangements where the customer determines when the service is utilized (e.g., when to request on-call support services or when to use and access the software on the cloud). In these circumstances, the Company has determined no significant financing component exists because the customer controls when to utilize the service and because there are significant business purposes behind the timing difference between payment and performance (e.g., maximizing profit in the case of product support services and ensuring collectability in the case of subscription services). Allocating the Transaction Price Based on Standalone Selling Prices (SSP) The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in a contract based on its relative SSP. The SSP is the price at which the Company sells the product or service on a standalone basis at contract inception. In circumstances where SSP is not directly observable, the Company estimates SSP using the following methodologies: (i) Product licenses – Product licenses are not sold on a standalone basis and pricing is highly variable. The Company establishes SSP of product licenses using a residual approach after first establishing the SSP of standard product support. Standard product support is sold on a standalone basis within a narrow range of the net license fee, and because an economic relationship exists between product licenses and standard product support, the Company has concluded that the residual method to estimate SSP of product licenses sold on both a perpetual and term basis is a fair allocation of the transaction price. (ii) Subscription services – Given the highly variable selling price of subscription services, the Company establishes the SSP of its subscription services arrangements using a similar residual approach after first establishing the SSP of consulting and education services. The Company has concluded that the residual method to estimate SSP of its subscription services is a fair allocation of the transaction price. (iii) Standard product support – The Company establishes SSP of standard product support as a percentage of the stated net license fee, given such pricing is consistent with its normal pricing practices and there exists sufficient history of customers renewing at similar percentages. Each quarter, the Company tracks renewal rates negotiated when standard product support is initially sold with a perpetual license in order to determine the SSP of standard product support within each geographic region for the upcoming quarter. If the stated standard product support fee falls within the SSP range, the specific rate in the contract will be used to estimate SSP. If the stated fee is above or below SSP, the highest or lowest end of the range, respectively, will generally be used to estimate SSP of standard product support. (iv) Premium product support, consulting services, and education services –SSP of premium product support, consulting services, and education services is established by using a bell-shaped curve approach to define a narrow range within each geographic region in which the services are discounted off of the list price on a standalone basis. The Company often provides options to purchase future products or services at a discount. The Company analyzes the option price against the previously established SSP of the goods or services to determine if the options represent material rights that should be accounted for as separate performance obligations. In general, an option sold at or above SSP is not considered a material right because the customer could have received that right without entering into the contract. If a material right exists, revenue associated with the option is recognized when the future goods or services are transferred, or when the option expires. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, separate performance obligations arising from future purchase options have not been material. Incremental Costs to Obtain Customer Contracts Incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts with customers include certain variable compensation (e.g., commissions and bonuses) paid to the Company’s sales team. Although the Company may bundle its goods and services into one contract, commissions are individually determined on each distinct good or service in the contract. The Company expenses as incurred those amounts earned on consulting and education services, which are generally performed within a one-year period and primarily sold on a standalone basis. The Company also expenses as incurred those amounts earned on product license sales, since the amount is earned when the license is delivered. The Company capitalizes those amounts earned on product support and amortizes the costs over a period of time that is consistent with the pattern of transfer of the product support to the customer, which the Company has determined to be a period of three years. Although the Company typically sells product support for a period of one year, a majority of customers renew their product support arrangements. Three years is generally the period after which platforms are no longer supported by the Company's support team and when customers generally choose to upgrade their software platform. The Company does not pay variable compensation on product support renewals. Variable compensation earned on subscription cloud services is expensed as incurred due to its immaterial nature. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, capitalized costs to obtain customer contracts, net of accumulated amortization, were $4.2 million and $4.5 million, respectively, and are presented within “Deposits and other assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, amortization expense related to these capitalized costs were $2.3 million, $3.0 million, and $2.7 million, respectively, and are reflected within “Sales and marketing” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. (k) Advertising Costs Advertising costs include production costs, which are expensed the first time the advertisement takes place, and media placement costs, which are expensed in the month the advertising appears. Total advertising costs were $7.1 million, $5.7 million, and $1.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had no prepaid advertising costs. (l) Share-based Compensation The Company maintains the 2013 Equity Plan, under which the Company’s employees, officers, directors, and other eligible participants may be awarded various types of share-based compensation, including options to purchase shares of the Company’s class A common stock and other stock-based awards. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with such stock option and stock-based awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally, the vesting period). The share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of such awards on the date of grant, as estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. See Note 9, Share-based Compensation, to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the 2013 Equity Plan, related share-based compensation expense, and assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model. (m) Income Taxes The Company is subject to federal, state, and local income taxes in the United States and many foreign countries. Deferred income taxes are provided based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the taxes become payable. For uncertain income tax positions, the Company uses a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold based on the technical merits of the income tax position taken. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured in order to determine the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements. The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, are recognized as a component of income tax expense. The Company provides a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value, when appropriate. (n) Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and participating securities outstanding during the period. Participating securities are included in the basic earnings per share calculation when dilutive. Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive. Potential common shares consisting of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding employee stock options and warrants are computed using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares also consist of common stock issuable upon the conversion of preferred stock. Beginning January 1, 2017, excess tax benefits are no longer included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, on a prospective basis. The Company has two classes of common stock: class A common stock and class B common stock. Holders of class A common stock generally have the same rights, including rights to dividends, as holders of class B common stock, except that holders of class A common stock have one vote per share while holders of class B common stock have ten votes per share. Each share of class B common stock is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into one share of class A common stock. As such, basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on either class A or class B common stock. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding. (o) Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of the Company’s international operations is generally the local currency. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities of international subsidiaries are translated using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, and revenue and expenses are translated using weighted average exchange rates for the period. The related translation adjustments are reported in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in stockholders’ equity. In general, upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of an investment in an international subsidiary, the amount of accumulated translation adjustments attributable to that subsidiary is reclassified from stockholders’ equity to the statement of operations. Transaction gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity involved are included in t

Recent Accounting Standards

Recent Accounting Standards	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]
Recent Accounting Standards	(3) Recent Accounting Standards Revenue from contracts with customers The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 effective as of January 1, 2018 and adjusted prior period consolidated financial statements to reflect full retrospective adoption. In adopting ASU 2014-09, the Company has made the following significant changes in accounting principles: ( i ) Timing of revenue recognition for term license sales. (ii) Timing of revenue recognition for sales to channel partners (iii) Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract. (iv) Material rights. (v) Presentation of accounts receivable, contract assets, and contract liabilities (deferred revenue). (vi) Deferral of incremental direct costs to obtaining a contract with a customer. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, the Company recorded a cumulative $13.0 million increase to its 2016 beginning retained earnings balance, offset by a $12.9 million decrease in gross deferred revenues, a $5.2 million decrease in deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, a $4.4 million increase in other non-current assets, and a $0.9 million increase in other current assets. The following line items as of December 31, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 have been adjusted in the consolidated financial statements to reflect the adoption of ASU 2014-09: December 31, 2017 Consolidated Balance Sheet As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Accounts receivable, net $ 69,500 $ 95,864 $ 165,364 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 18,002 1,178 19,180 Deposits and other assets 2,868 4,543 7,411 Deferred tax assets, net 13,391 (4,094 ) 9,297 Deferred revenue and advance payments 112,649 86,085 198,734 Deferred revenue and advance payments, non-current 10,181 (3,781 ) 6,400 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (5,968 ) 309 (5,659 ) Retained earnings 511,755 14,878 526,633 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Operations: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Product licenses revenue $ 93,969 $ (710 ) $ 93,259 Product support revenues 289,174 10 289,184 Sales and marketing expenses 174,612 433 175,045 Provision for income taxes 54,964 (1,685 ) 53,279 Net income 17,643 552 18,195 Diluted earnings per share 1.53 0.05 1.58 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Operations: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Product licenses revenue $ 113,503 $ 1,371 $ 114,874 Product support revenues 285,079 57 285,136 Sales and marketing expenses 158,740 (459 ) 158,281 Provision for income taxes 22,138 556 22,694 Net income 90,908 1,331 92,239 Diluted earnings per share 7.89 0.12 8.01 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 17,643 $ 552 $ 18,195 Foreign currency translation adjustment 4,805 495 5,300 Comprehensive income 22,418 1,047 23,465 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 90,908 $ 1,331 $ 92,239 Foreign currency translation adjustment (3,347 ) (186 ) (3,533 ) Comprehensive income 87,573 1,145 88,718 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 17,643 $ 552 $ 18,195 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 12,572 2,960 15,532 Deferred taxes (2,011 ) (1,594 ) (3,605 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets (4,279 ) (460 ) (4,739 ) Deposits and other assets 2,981 48 3,029 Accrued compensation and employee benefits (3,683 ) (2,526 ) (6,209 ) Deferred revenue and advance payments (1,609 ) 1,020 (589 ) Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 90,908 $ 1,331 $ 92,239 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 17,195 2,749 19,944 Deferred taxes (4,983 ) 533 (4,450 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets (880 ) 139 (741 ) Deposits and other assets (4,059 ) 3 (4,056 ) Accrued compensation and employee benefits 3,787 (3,208 ) 579 Deferred revenue and advance payments 11,238 (1,547 ) 9,691 Intra-entity asset transfers In October 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory Lease accounting In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which requires lease assets and lease liabilities be recognized for all leases, in addition to the disclosure of key information to enable users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from an entity’s leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 defines a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys both (i) the right to obtain economic benefits from and (ii) direct the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under ASU 2016-02, leases are classified as either finance or operating leases. For finance leases, a lessee shall recognize in profit or loss the amortization of the lease asset and interest on the lease liability. For operating leases, a lessee shall recognize in profit or loss a single lease cost, calculated so that the remaining cost of the lease is allocated over the remaining lease term, generally on a straight-line basis. The Company will adopt this guidance and its subsequent amendments effective as of January 1, 2019. The Company has elected the transition option to apply the new lease requirements as of the adoption date without restating comparative periods presented in its financial statements and will record a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the first quarter of 2019 as needed. The Company has substantially completed the implementation of key system changes and changes to internal controls over financial reporting to allow the Company to timely compile the information needed to account for transactions under this new guidance and to adjust the 2019 beginning balances in its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Company has substantially completed its review of contracts for potential embedded leases and compiled an inventory of current leases. The Company’s current leases are primarily related to office space in the United States and foreign locations and are classified as operating leases under GAAP. The Company plans to elect the package of practical expedients described in ASU 2016-02, which includes not reassessing the following: (i) lease classification of existing leases, (ii) whether expired or existing contracts contain leases, and (iii) initial direct costs for existing leases. The Company also plans to elect the practical expedient to not separate lease components from non-lease components for leases related to office space, which is the Company’s only material underlying asset class. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, cash flows and disclosures, but will not have a material impact on its consolidated results of operations. Upon adopting ASU 2016-02, the Company will recognize new right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities for operating leases and provide key quantitative and qualitative information relating to these leases. The Company will present the amortization of its operating ROU assets and the change in its operating lease liabilities within the operating activities section of its consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company does not have any material leases that will be classified as finance leases. The Company estimates the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will result in the recognition of additional ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $88.0 million and $117.0 million, respectively, and a reduction in deferred rent of approximately $29.0 million in the Company’s 2019 beginning balances. The Company does not expect a material change in its 2019 beginning retained earnings balance, as the Company does not have material unamortized initial direct costs. Additionally, the Company will provide quantitative and qualitative disclosures in order to meet the overall disclosure objective of ASU 2016-02, which is to enable financial statement users to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company will also retain prior year disclosures for comparative periods as prior periods will not be restated. Cloud computing arrangements In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract

Short-term Investments

Short-term Investments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Short Term Investments [Abstract]
Short-term Investments	(4) Short-term Investments The Company periodically invests a portion of its excess cash in short-term investment instruments. Substantially all of the Company’s short-term investments are in U.S. Treasury securities and all short-term investments have stated maturity dates between three months and one year from the purchase date. All short-term investments are included within “Short-term investments” on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the Company’s short-term investments is determined based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical securities (Level 1 inputs). In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company began to redeem certain short-term investments prior to their stated maturity dates. As a result, all short-term investments were reclassified from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale. As of December 31, 2018, all short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value. The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale investments at December 31, 2018 were $466.6 million and $466.2 million, respectively. The gross unrecognized holding losses accumulated in other comprehensive loss were $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The gross unrecognized holding gains accumulated in other comprehensive loss were not material for the year-ended December 31, 2018. No other-than-temporary impairments related to these available-for-sale investments have been recognized as of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2017, all short-term investments were classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. The amortized cost, carrying value, and fair value of held-to-maturity investments at December 31, 2017 were $254.9 million, $254.9 million, and $254.8 million, respectively. The gross unrecognized holding gains and losses were not material for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. No other-than-temporary impairments related to these held-to-maturity investments have been recognized as of December 31, 2017.

Contract Balances

Contract Balances	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Abstract]
Contract Balances	(5) Contract Balances The Company invoices its customers in accordance with billing schedules established in each contract. The Company’s rights to consideration from customers are presented separately in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets depending on whether those rights are conditional or unconditional. The Company presents unconditional rights to consideration from customers within “Accounts receivable, net” in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. All of the Company’s contracts are generally non-cancellable and/or non-refundable, and therefore an unconditional right generally exists when the customer is billed or amounts are billable per the contract. Accounts receivable (in thousands) consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Billed and billable $ 176,848 $ 169,554 Less: allowance for doubtful accounts (5,489 ) (4,190 ) Accounts receivable, net $ 171,359 $ 165,364 The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts which represents its best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances. The Company evaluates specific accounts when it becomes aware that a customer may not be able to meet its financial obligations due to deterioration of its liquidity or financial viability, credit ratings, or bankruptcy. In addition, the Company periodically adjusts this allowance based on its review and assessment of the aging of receivables. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Company’s bad debt expense and write-offs totaled $1.9 million, $2.3 million, and $0.2 million, respectively. In contrast, rights to consideration that are subject to a condition other than the passage of time are considered contract assets and presented within “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets since the rights to consideration are expected to become unconditional and transfer to accounts receivable within one year. Contract assets generally consist of accrued sales and usage-based royalty revenue. In these arrangements, consideration is not billed or billable until the royalty reporting is received, generally in the subsequent quarter, at which time the contract asset will transfer to accounts receivable and a true-up adjustment will be recorded to revenue. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, there were no significant impairments to the Company’s contract assets, nor were there any significant changes in the timing of the Company’s contract assets being reclassified to accounts receivable. Contract assets included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of $0.8 million and $1.2 million in accrued sales and usage-based royalty revenue as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Contract liabilities are amounts received or due from customers in advance of the Company transferring the products or services to the customer. Revenue is subsequently recognized in the period(s) in which control of the products or services are transferred to the customer. The Company’s contract liabilities are presented as either current or non-current “Deferred revenue and advance payments” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, depending on whether the products or services are expected to be transferred to the customer within the next year. Deferred revenue and advance payments (in thousands) from customers consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Current: Deferred product licenses revenue $ 1,768 $ 3,760 Deferred subscription services revenue 13,508 17,324 Deferred product support revenue 152,501 168,185 Deferred other services revenue 8,763 9,465 Total current deferred revenue and advance payments $ 176,540 $ 198,734 Non-current: Deferred product licenses revenue $ 542 $ 820 Deferred subscription services revenue 2,384 126 Deferred product support revenue 3,091 4,826 Deferred other services revenue 452 628 Total non-current deferred revenue and advance payments $ 6,469 $ 6,400 During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Company recognized revenues of $194.6 million, $196.7 million, and $187.3 million, respectively, from amounts included in the total current deferred revenue and advance payments balances at the beginning of the respective year. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, there were no significant changes in the timing of revenue recognition on the Company’s deferred balances. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had an aggregate transaction price of $183.0 million allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations related to product support, subscription services, other services, and product licenses contracts. The Company expects to recognize $176.5 million within the next year and $6.5 million thereafter.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment	(6) Property and Equipment Property and equipment (in thousands) consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 Transportation equipment $ 48,645 $ 48,645 Computer equipment and purchased software 56,933 57,515 Furniture and equipment 10,709 10,425 Leasehold improvements 29,733 28,511 Internally developed software 9,643 9,643 Property and equipment, gross 155,663 154,739 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (103,744 ) (101,380 ) Property and equipment, net $ 51,919 $ 53,359 Included in transportation equipment is the Company’s owned corporate aircraft, including capitalizable costs related to the repairs to the aircraft, and aircraft-related equipment. As of December 31, 2018, the net carrying value of the aircraft and aircraft-related equipment was $35.2 million, net of $13.4 million of accumulated depreciation. As of December 31, 2017, the net carrying value of the aircraft and aircraft-related equipment was $36.9 million, net of $11.7 million of accumulated depreciation. During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company changed the estimated useful life and salvage value of its owned corporate aircraft. These changes in estimates were accounted for prospectively. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements for further detail on these changes in estimates. These changes in estimates did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018. Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment, including assets under capital leases, was $8.3 million, $8.4 million, and $10.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	(7) Commitments and Contingencies (a) Commitments From time to time, the Company enters into certain types of contracts that require it to indemnify parties against third-party claims. These contracts primarily relate to agreements under which the Company assumes indemnity obligations for intellectual property infringement, as well as other obligations from time to time depending on arrangements negotiated with customers and other third parties. The conditions of these obligations vary. Thus, the overall maximum amount of the Company’s indemnification obligations cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, the Company has not been obligated to make significant payments for these obligations and does not currently expect to incur any material obligations in the future. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an indemnification liability on its balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017. The Company leases office space under operating lease agreements. Under the lease agreements, in addition to base rent, the Company is generally responsible for certain taxes, utilities and maintenance costs, and other fees. Several of these leases include options for renewal. The Company does not have any material capital leases. The Company leases approximately 214,000 square feet of office space at a location in Northern Virginia that began serving as its corporate headquarters in October 2010. In January 2018, the Company amended the lease to extend the lease term through December 2030. The amended lease also provides for certain tenant allowances and incentives. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, deferred rent of $26.9 million and $8.5 million, respectively, was included in other long-term liabilities. As a result of the Tax Act, the Company estimated and recorded a one-time $40.3 million tax expense related to the Transition Tax during the year ended December 31, 2017. The Company subsequently recorded a measurement-period adjustment to reduce the Transition Tax by $3.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2018, $28.9 million of the Transition Tax was unpaid and included in “Other long-term liabilities” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 8, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements for further information. The following table shows future minimum rent payments under noncancellable operating leases and agreements with initial terms of greater than one year, and anticipated payments related to the one-time Transition Tax resulting from the Tax Act, based on the expected due dates of the various installments as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands): Operating Leases Transition Tax Year Amount Amount 2019 $ 27,768 $ 0 2020 25,583 897 2021 18,573 2,951 2022 15,694 2,951 2023 15,607 5,534 Thereafter 92,347 16,602 $ 195,572 $ 28,935 Total rental expenses under operating lease agreements for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 were $18.9 million, $19.8 million, and $20.3 million, respectively. (b) Contingencies Following an internal review, the Company believes that its Brazilian subsidiary failed or likely failed to comply with local procurement regulations in conducting business with certain Brazilian government entities. While the Company believes that it is probable that the resolution of this matter will result in a loss, the amount or range of loss is not reasonably estimable at this time. Given the stage of the matter, no assurance can be given that the outcome will not result in a material impact on the Company’s earnings and financial results for the period in which any such liability is accrued. However, the Company believes that the outcome of this matter will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position. The Company is also involved in various legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Although the outcomes of these legal proceedings are inherently difficult to predict, management does not expect the resolution of these legal proceedings to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The Company has contingent liabilities that, in management’s judgment, are not probable of assertion. If such unasserted contingent liabilities were to be asserted, or become probable of assertion, the Company may be required to record significant expenses and liabilities in the period in which these liabilities are asserted or become probable of assertion.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	(8) Income Taxes U.S. and international components of income before income taxes (in thousands) were comprised of the following for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) U.S. $ (18,295 ) $ 18,814 $ 52,802 Foreign 38,777 52,660 62,131 Total $ 20,482 $ 71,474 $ 114,933 The provision for income taxes (in thousands) consisted of the following for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Current: Federal $ (1,916 ) $ 48,794 $ 18,453 State 1,656 4,077 3,681 Foreign 6,460 4,074 4,941 $ 6,200 $ 56,945 $ 27,075 Deferred: Federal $ (6,071 ) $ (1,649 ) $ (4,165 ) State (2,047 ) (1,260 ) (801 ) Foreign (101 ) (757 ) 585 $ (8,219 ) $ (3,666 ) $ (4,381 ) Total (benefit) provision $ (2,019 ) $ 53,279 $ 22,694 The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s income before income taxes as follows for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Income tax expense at federal statutory rate 21.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 % State taxes, net of federal tax effect (1.3 )% 2.5 % 1.6 % Foreign earnings taxed at different rates (20.5 )% (24.2 )% (15.4 )% Withholding tax 5.5 % 1.9 % 1.3 % Foreign tax credit (5.2 )% (1.1 )% (0.9 )% Other international components 0.3 % 0.0 % (0.1 )% Change in valuation allowance 2.5 % 0.2 % (0.8 )% Deferred tax adjustments and rate changes (1.7 )% 4.0 % 0.0 % Section 199 Deduction 0.0 % (1.4 )% (1.8 )% Subpart F income 7.0 % 1.5 % 0.6 % Research and development tax credit (11.8 )% (1.1 )% (0.8 )% GILTI, net of foreign tax credit 0.5 % 0.0 % 0.0 % FDII (4.5 )% 0.0 % 0.0 % Transition Tax (15.2 )% 55.4 % 0.0 % Other permanent differences 13.5 % 1.8 % 1.0 % Total (9.9 )% 74.5 % 19.7 % The Company’s U.S. and foreign effective tax rates for income before income taxes were as follows for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) U.S. 45.8 % 265.6 % 32.5 % Foreign 16.4 % 6.3 % 8.9 % Combined (9.9 )% 74.5 % 19.7 % The change in the Company’s effective tax rate in 2018, as compared to the prior year, was primarily due to the change in proportion of U.S. versus foreign income and an estimated one-time tax provision of $44.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2017 as a result of the Tax Act. The Tax Act imposes a Transition Tax on previously untaxed accumulated and current E&P of certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company. To determine the amount of the Transition Tax, the Company must determine, among other things, the amount of post-1986 E&P of the relevant subsidiaries, as well as the amount of non-U.S. income taxes paid on such earnings. In the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company made a reasonable estimate of the Transition Tax and recorded a provisional Transition Tax obligation of $40.3 million, of which $36.8 million was recorded in “other long-term liabilities” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Upon refining its non-U.S. E&P and associated income taxes in 2018, the Company recorded a measurement-period adjustment to reduce the Transition Tax by $3.1 million. As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s total provision for the Transition Tax was $37.2 million, of which $8.3 million had been paid and $28.9 million was recorded in “Other long-term liabilities” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Tax Act also reduced the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective January 1, 2018. Consequently, the Company has recorded a decrease related to its U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities, with a corresponding net deferred income tax expense of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as a result of re-measuring net deferred tax assets at the new lower corporate tax rate of 21%. Additionally, the Tax Act requires certain GILTI earned by a CFC to be included in the gross income of the CFC’s U.S. shareholder. GAAP allows the Company to either: (i) treat taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”); or (ii) factor such amounts into its measurement of deferred taxes (the “deferred method”). The Company elected the period cost method. The Tax Act allows a U.S. corporation a deduction equal to a certain percentage of its FDII. The Company estimated the impact of the GILTI tax and FDII deduction in determining its 2018 annual effective tax rate that is reflected in its benefit from income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, the Company intends to indefinitely reinvest $197.4 million of its undistributed foreign earnings. However, under the Tax Act, those undistributed earnings (as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes) are subject to the Transition Tax, which was recorded at a provisional amount of $40.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2017 and subsequently reduced by $3.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the amount of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments held by the Company’s U.S. entities was $173.6 million and $293.8 million, respectively, and by the Company’s non-U.S. entities was $402.5 million and $381.4 million, respectively. The Company earns a significant amount of its revenues outside the United States and its accumulated foreign earnings and profits as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $397.4 million and $360.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the Company intends to indefinitely reinvest $197.4 million of its undistributed foreign earnings. This amount takes into consideration a possible one-time repatriation in 2019. If the Company elects to make such one-time repatriation of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments held by the Company’s non-U.S. entities to the United States, after taking into account the Transition Tax described above, the Company expects that such repatriation would generate only an immaterial U.S. tax expense related to U.S. state income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of the temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands) were as follows for the periods indicated: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Deferred tax assets, net: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 841 $ 761 Tax credits 1,839 1,520 Intangible assets 0 10 Deferred revenue adjustment 543 1,214 Accrued compensation 6,519 2,863 Share-based compensation expense 12,987 11,597 Deferred rent 1,764 0 Other 2,115 2,457 Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance 26,608 20,422 Valuation allowance (1,507 ) (1,015 ) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 25,101 19,407 Deferred tax liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other 1,049 1,301 Property and equipment 5,841 6,778 Capitalized software development costs 0 695 Method change 932 1,340 Total deferred tax liabilities 7,822 10,114 Total net deferred tax asset $ 17,279 $ 9,293 Reported as: Non-current deferred tax assets, net 17,316 9,297 Non-current deferred tax liabilities (37 ) (4 ) Total net deferred tax asset $ 17,279 $ 9,293 As of December 31, 2018, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $4.8 million, recorded in “Other long-term liabilities” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands) is presented in the table below: Unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2018 (as adjusted) $ 3,444 Increase related to positions taken in prior period 314 Increase related to positions taken in current period 596 Decrease related to expiration of statute of limitations (295 ) Unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2018 4,059 Accrued interest 705 Unrecognized tax benefits recorded in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2018 $ 4,764 If recognized, $4.2 million of the gross unrecognized tax benefits would impact the Company’s effective tax rate. Over the next 12 months, the amount of the Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits shown above is not expected to change by a material amount. The Company recognizes estimated accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income tax accounts. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Company released or recognized an immaterial amount of accrued interest. The amount of accrued interest related to the above unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $0.7 million and $0.6 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company files tax returns in numerous foreign countries as well as the United States and its tax returns may be subject to audit by tax authorities in all countries in which it files. Each country has its own statute of limitations for making assessment of additional tax liabilities. In 2018, the Company settled the tax examination in China for tax years 2008 to 2016 without any material audit assessments. The Company’s U.S. tax returns for tax years from 2015 forward are subject to potential examination by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company’s major foreign tax jurisdictions and the tax years that remain subject to potential examination are Italy for tax years 2013 forward; Poland for tax years 2014 forward; Spain for tax years 2015 forward; and Germany and the United Kingdom for tax years 2016 forward. To date there have been no material audit assessments related to audits in the United States or any of the applicable foreign jurisdictions. The Company had no U.S. NOL carryforwards as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company had $3.6 million and $2.5 million of foreign NOL carryforwards as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company’s valuation allowances of $1.5 million and $1.0 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, primarily relate to certain foreign tax credit carryforward tax assets. The Company assessed whether its valuation allowance analyses are affected by various aspects of the Tax Act (e.g., deemed repatriation of deferred foreign income, GILTI inclusions, new categories of foreign tax credits) and concluded that they were not significantly affected by the Tax Act. In determining the Company’s provision for or benefit from income taxes, net deferred tax assets, liabilities, and valuation allowances, management is required to make judgments and estimates related to projections of domestic and foreign profitability, the timing and extent of the utilization of NOL carryforwards, applicable tax rates, transfer pricing methods, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. As a multinational company, the Company is required to calculate and provide for estimated income tax liabilities for each of the tax jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves estimating current tax obligations and exposures in each jurisdiction, as well as making judgments regarding the future recoverability of deferred tax assets. Changes in the estimated level of annual pre-tax income, changes in tax laws, particularly changes related to the utilization of NOLs in various jurisdictions, and changes resulting from tax audits can all affect the overall effective income tax rate which, in turn, impacts the overall level of income tax expense or benefit and net income. Judgments and estimates related to the Company’s projections and assumptions are inherently uncertain. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from projections. The timing and manner in which the Company will use research and development tax credit carryforward tax assets, alternative minimum tax credit carryforward tax assets, and foreign tax credit carryforward tax assets in any year, or in total, may be limited by provisions of the Internal Revenue Code regarding changes in the Company’s ownership. Currently, the Company expects to use the tax assets, subject to Internal Revenue Code limitations, within the carryforward periods. Valuation allowances have been established where the Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets are not realizable. If the Company is unable to sustain profitability in future periods, it may be required to increase the valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, which could result in a charge that would materially adversely affect net income in the period in which the charge is incurred. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code provides an annual limitation on the amount of federal NOLs and tax credits that may be used in the event of an ownership change. The limitation is based on, among other things, the value of the company as of the change date multiplied by a U.S. federal long-term tax exempt interest rate. The Company does not currently expect the limitations under the Section 382 ownership change rules to impact the Company’s ability to use its NOL carryforwards or tax credits that existed as of the date of the ownership change.

Share-based Compensation

Share-based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]
Share-based Compensation	(9) Share-based Compensation The 2013 Equity Plan authorizes the issuance of various types of share-based awards to the Company’s employees, officers, directors, and other eligible participants. As of December 31, 2018, the total number of shares of the Company’s class A common stock authorized for issuance under the 2013 Equity Plan was 2,300,000 shares. As of December 31, 2018, there were 566,250 shares of class A common stock reserved and available for future issuance under the 2013 Equity Plan. Stock option awards During 2018, stock options to purchase an aggregate of 710,000 shares of class A common stock were granted pursuant to the 2013 Equity Plan. As of December 31, 2018, there were options to purchase 1,479,983 shares of class A common stock outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. Shares issued under the 2013 Equity Plan may consist in whole or in part of authorized but unissued shares or treasury shares. No awards may be issued more than 10 years after the 2013 Equity Plan’s effective date. Stock options that are granted under the 2013 Equity Plan must have an exercise price equal to at least the fair market value of the Company’s class A common stock on the date of grant, become exercisable as established by the Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee, and expire no later than 10 years following the date of grant. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with such stock option awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally, the vesting period). The stock option awards granted to date vest in equal annual installments over an approximately four-year vesting period (unless accelerated in connection with a change in control event under specified conditions as set forth in the applicable option agreement or otherwise in accordance with provisions of the 2013 Equity Plan or applicable option agreement). Share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the stock option awards on the date of grant, as estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of certain management assumptions, including the expected term, expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividend yield. The Company estimates the term over which option holders are expected to hold their stock options by using the simplified method for “plain-vanilla” stock option awards because the Company’s stock option exercise history does not provide a reasonable basis to compute the expected term for stock options granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. The Company relies exclusively on its historical stock price volatility to estimate the expected stock price volatility over the expected term because the Company believes future volatility is unlikely to differ from the past. In estimating the expected stock price volatility, the Company uses a simple average calculation method. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury securities with terms that approximate the expected term of the stock options. The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s past cash dividend history and anticipated future cash dividend payments. The expected dividend yield is zero, as the Company has not previously declared cash dividends and does not currently intend to declare cash dividends in the foreseeable future. These assumptions are based on management’s best judgment, and changes to these assumptions could materially affect the fair value estimates and amount of share-based compensation expense recognized. The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity (in thousands, except per share data and years) for the periods indicated: Stock Options Outstanding Weighted Average Aggregate Weighted Average Exercise Price Intrinsic Remaining Contractual Shares Per Share Value Term (Years) Balance as of January 1, 2016 1,323 $ 129.04 Granted 45 189.62 Exercised (112 ) 97.82 $ 8,102 Forfeited/Expired (370 ) 110.28 Balance as of December 31, 2016 886 143.89 Granted 175 169.04 Exercised (12 ) 143.35 $ 541 Forfeited/Expired (57 ) 196.52 Balance as of December 31, 2017 992 145.28 Granted 710 130.27 Exercised (21 ) 121.13 $ 196 Forfeited/Expired (201 ) 154.49 Balance as of December 31, 2018 1,480 $ 137.16 Exercisable as of December 31, 2018 701 $ 136.01 $ 3,317 5.5 Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018 779 $ 138.20 174 9.0 Total 1,480 $ 137.16 $ 3,491 7.3 Stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2018 are comprised of the following range of exercise prices per share (in thousands, except per share data and years): Stock Options Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Weighted Average Weighted Average Exercise Price Remaining Contractual Range of Exercise Prices per Share Shares Per Share Term (Years) $117.85 - $120.00 23 $ 118.50 3.1 $120.01 - $150.00 1,174 $ 126.66 7.6 $150.01 - $180.00 121 $ 168.44 5.8 $180.01 - $201.25 162 $ 192.40 7.3 Total 1,480 $ 137.16 7.3 An aggregate of 251,250, 215,000, and 222,500 stock options with an aggregate fair value of $15.5 million, $13.0 million, and $13.7 million vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Beginning January 1, 2017, the Company made an accounting policy election to prospectively account for forfeitures as they occur. Therefore, share-based compensation expense has not been adjusted for any estimated forfeitures. The weighted average grant date fair value of stock option awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model was $51.68, $68.67, and $75.54 for each share subject to a stock option granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, based on the following assumptions: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected term of options in years 6.3 6.3 6.3 Expected volatility 33.7% - 35.5% 37.4% - 37.8% 38.5% Risk-free interest rate 2.7% - 2.9% 1.9% - 2.3% 1.4% - 1.6% Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% The Company recognized approximately $14.6 million, $14.3 million, and $11.8 million in share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, from stock options granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. As of December 31, 2018, there was approximately $33.8 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options. As of December 31, 2018, the Company expected to recognize this remaining share-based compensation expense over a weighted-average vesting period of approximately 3.0 years. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company was able to recognize and utilize tax deductions related to equity compensation in excess of compensation recognized for financial reporting that was generated under the 2013 Equity Plan. Accordingly, additional paid-in capital increased by $1.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2016. Beginning January 1, 2017, excess tax benefits are no longer recognized as additional paid-in capital; instead they are prospectively included within the provision for income taxes. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company wrote off $1.7 million of deferred tax assets related to certain vested stock options that were no longer exercisable. Accordingly, additional paid-in capital decreased by $1.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2016. No such adjustment was made during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company paid $3.7 million to tax authorities related to the net exercise of a stock option under the 2013 Equity Plan. This payment resulted in a $3.7 million reduction to additional paid-in capital during the year ended December 31, 2016. No net exercises of stock options were made during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. Other stock-based awards During 2018, the Company granted certain awards characterized as “other stock-based awards” under the 2013 Equity Plan. These other stock-based awards are similar to stock options, but these awards are settled in cash only and not in shares of the Company’s class A common stock. Upon exercise of one of these awards, the participant would be entitled to receive an amount in cash equal to the fair market value of the Company’s class A common stock in excess of a stated exercise price. These awards vest in equal annual installments over a four-year period (unless accelerated in connection with a change in control event under specified conditions as set forth in the applicable award agreement or otherwise in accordance with provisions of the 2013 Equity Plan or applicable award agreement). During 2018, the Company granted such other stock-based awards with respect to an aggregate of 10,000 underlying shares of class A common stock with a weighted average exercise price per share of $129.90 pursuant to the 2013 Equity Plan. Similar to stock option awards, the Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with these awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally, the vesting period), with share-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the award estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. However, due to the required cash settlement feature, these awards are classified as liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and the fair value of the awards is remeasured each quarterly reporting period with resulting adjustments to share-based compensation expense recorded until the earlier of settlement or expiration. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company did not recognize a material amount in share-based compensation expense from these awards. As of December 31, 2018, there was approximately $0.4 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to these awards. The Company expects to recognize this remaining share-based compensation expense over a weighted average vesting period of approximately 3.4 years, subject to additional fair value adjustments through the earlier of settlement or expiration.

Basic and Diluted Earnings per

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share	(10) Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share Potential shares of common stock are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive. Potential shares of common stock, consisting of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, are calculated using the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data) for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Numerator: Net income $ 22,501 $ 18,195 $ 92,239 Denominator: Weighted average common shares of class A common stock 9,340 9,409 9,390 Weighted average common shares of class B common stock 2,035 2,035 2,035 Total weighted average common stock shares outstanding 11,375 11,444 11,425 Effect of dilutive securities: Employee stock options 37 103 91 Adjusted weighted average shares 11,412 11,547 11,516 Earnings per share: Basic earnings per share $ 1.98 $ 1.59 $ 8.07 Diluted earnings per share $ 1.97 $ 1.58 $ 8.01 For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, stock options issued under the 2013 Equity Plan to purchase a weighted average of approximately 896,000, 398,000, and 391,000 shares of class A common stock, respectively, were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation because their impact would have been anti-dilutive.

Treasury Stock

Treasury Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]
Treasury Stock	(11) Treasury Stock The Board of Directors has authorized the Company’s repurchase of up to an aggregate of $800.0 million of its class A common stock from time to time on the open market through April 29, 2023 under the 2005 Share Repurchase Program, although the program may be suspended or discontinued by the Company at any time. The timing and amount of any shares repurchased will be determined by the Company’s management based on its evaluation of market conditions and other factors. The 2005 Share Repurchase Program may be funded using the Company’s working capital, as well as proceeds from any other funding arrangements that the Company may enter into in the future. During 2018, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 880,667 shares of its class A common stock at an average price per share of $126.02 and an aggregate cost of $111.0 million pursuant to the 2005 Share Repurchase Program. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had repurchased an aggregate of 4,707,614 shares of its class A common stock at an average price per share of $96.92 and an aggregate cost of $456.3 million pursuant to the 2005 Share Repurchase Program. The average price per share and aggregate cost amounts disclosed above include broker commissions. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its class A common stock pursuant to the 2005 Share Repurchase Program.

Employee Benefit Plan

Employee Benefit Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Compensation And Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plan	(12) Employee Benefit Plan The Company sponsors a benefit plan to provide retirement benefits for its employees, known as the MicroStrategy 401(k) Savings Plan (the “401(k) Plan”). Participants may make voluntary contributions to the 401(k) Plan of up to 50% of their annual base pre-tax compensation, cash bonuses, and commissions not to exceed the federally determined maximum allowable contribution amounts. The 401(k) Plan permits for discretionary Company contributions. The Company currently makes a matching contribution to each 401(k) Plan participant in the amount of 50% of the first 6% of a participant’s contributions, up to a maximum of $3,000 per year. A participant vests in the matching contributions in increments based on the participant’s years of employment by the Company, becoming fully vested after completing six years of employment. The Company made contributions to the 401(k) Plan totaling $2.4 million, $2.1 million, and $1.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Effective January 1, 2019, the Company will make matching contributions to each 401(k) Plan participant in the amount of 50% of the first 12% of a participant’s contributions, up to a maximum of $5,000 per year. Further, all current active participants will become fully vested in the Company’s matching contributions after completing four years of employment, vesting in increments based on the participant’s years of employment by the Company.

Segment Information

Segment Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Information	(13) Segment Information The Company manages its business in one reportable operating segment. The Company’s one reportable operating segment is engaged in the design, development, marketing, and sales of its software platform through licensing arrangements and cloud-based subscriptions and related services. The following table presents total revenues, gross profit, and long-lived assets, excluding long-term deferred tax assets, (in thousands) according to geographic region: Geographic regions: Domestic EMEA Other Regions Consolidated Year ended December 31, 2018 Total revenues $ 287,258 $ 156,706 $ 53,674 $ 497,638 Gross profit $ 228,310 $ 126,315 $ 43,514 $ 398,139 Year ended December 31, 2017 (as adjusted) Total revenues $ 293,251 $ 154,716 $ 55,876 $ 503,843 Gross profit $ 234,266 $ 126,296 $ 46,632 $ 407,194 Year ended December 31, 2016 (as adjusted) Total revenues $ 312,400 $ 149,792 $ 51,397 $ 513,589 Gross profit $ 254,662 $ 122,235 $ 43,545 $ 420,442 As of December 31, 2018 Long-lived assets $ 49,611 $ 5,931 $ 4,511 $ 60,053 As of December 31, 2017 (as adjusted) Long-lived assets $ 55,355 $ 5,626 $ 2,288 $ 63,269 The domestic region consists of the United States and Canada. The EMEA region includes operations in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The other regions include all other foreign countries, generally comprising Latin America and the Asia Pacific region. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, no individual foreign country accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated revenues. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, no individual foreign country accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated assets.

Selected Quarterly Financial Da

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)	(14) Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) The following tables contain unaudited Statement of Operations information for each quarter of 2018 and 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company estimated and recorded a one-time tax provision of $44.0 million as a result of the Tax Act. This tax provision was comprised of a $40.3 million Transition Tax and a $3.7 million charge related to the re-measurement of net deferred tax assets arising from the new lower corporate tax rate effected by the Tax Act. The Company subsequently recorded a measurement-period adjustment to reduce the Transition Tax by $3.1 million in the third quarter of 2018. Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Year (in thousands, except per share data) 2018 Revenues $ 122,967 $ 120,602 $ 122,152 $ 131,917 $ 497,638 Gross profit $ 97,782 $ 95,562 $ 98,763 $ 106,032 $ 398,139 Net income $ 1,673 $ 4,828 $ 12,699 $ 3,301 $ 22,501 Earnings per share: (1) Basic $ 0.15 $ 0.42 $ 1.11 $ 0.30 $ 1.98 Diluted $ 0.15 $ 0.42 $ 1.10 $ 0.30 $ 1.97 Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Year (in thousands, except per share data) 2017 (as adjusted) Revenues $ 122,232 $ 119,220 $ 126,010 $ 136,381 $ 503,843 Gross profit $ 99,100 $ 94,845 $ 101,621 $ 111,628 $ 407,194 Net income (loss) $ 15,557 $ 9,953 $ 18,184 $ (25,499 ) $ 18,195 Earnings (loss) per share: (1) Basic $ 1.36 $ 0.87 $ 1.59 $ (2.23 ) $ 1.59 Diluted $ 1.34 $ 0.86 $ 1.58 $ (2.23 ) $ 1.58 (1) The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	(15) Subsequent Events On January 1, 2019, certain enhancements to the 401(k) Plan became effective, including amendments to the Company’s matching contributions and the vesting schedule for current and active participants. See Note 12, Employee Benefit Plan, to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the 401(k) Plan. During the period January 1, 2019 through February 11, 2019, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 314,774 shares of its class A common stock at an average price per share of $132.01 and an aggregate cost of $41.6 million pursuant to the 2005 Share Repurchase Program. See Note 11, Treasury Stock, to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the 2005 Share Repurchase Program.

Schedule II Valuation And Quali

Schedule II Valuation And Qualifying Accounts	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Valuation And Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
Schedule II Valuation And Qualifying Accounts	SCHEDULE II For the years ended December 31, (in thousands) Balance at the Balance at beginning of the end of the period Additions (1) Deductions the period Allowance for doubtful accounts: December 31, 2018 $ 4,190 1,912 (613 ) $ 5,489 December 31, 2017 $ 3,181 2,269 (1,260 ) $ 4,190 December 31, 2016 $ 3,825 224 (868 ) $ 3,181 Deferred tax valuation allowance: December 31, 2018 $ 1,015 492 0 $ 1,507 December 31, 2017 $ 832 183 0 $ 1,015 December 31, 2016 $ 1,984 20 (1,172 ) $ 832 (1) Reductions in/charges to revenues and expenses.

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	(a) Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts in the prior years’ consolidated financial statements have been restated upon the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
Use of Estimates	(b) Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, investments, fixed assets, share-based compensation, income taxes, including the carrying value of deferred tax assets, and litigation and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets, liabilities, and equity that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results and outcomes could differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Fair Value Measurements	(c) Fair Value Measurements The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that is expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3: Inputs that are generally unobservable, supported by little or no market activity, and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The categorization of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation techniques used by the Company when measuring fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company also estimates the fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and accrued compensation and employee benefits. The Company considers the carrying value of these instruments in the financial statements to approximate fair value due to their short maturities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash equivalents include bank demand deposits, money market instruments, certificates of deposit, U.S. Treasury securities, and equivalent funds. The Company generally considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of cash balances restricted in use by contractual obligations with third parties.
Short-term Investments	(e) Short-term Investments The Company periodically invests a portion of its excess cash in short-term investment instruments. All highly liquid investments with stated maturity dates between three months and one year from the purchase date are classified as short-term investments. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its short-term investments at the time of purchase and reassesses the appropriateness of the classification at each reporting date. Substantially all of the Company’s short-term investments are in U.S. Treasury securities. As of December 31, 2018, all short-term investments have been classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income (loss) until realized, subject to impairment. Premiums and discounts related to the Company’s short-term investments are amortized over the life of the investment and recorded in earnings. Unrealized holding gains and losses are determined by comparing the fair value to the amortized cost. In prior years, all short-term investments were classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. Each reporting period, the Company determines whether a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis for each individual security is other-than-temporary and if it would be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Upon recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment, the previous amortized cost basis less the portion of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.
Property and Equipment	(f) Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: three years for computer equipment and purchased software; five years for office equipment and automobiles; and 10 years for office furniture. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the improvements or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. The Company periodically evaluates the appropriateness of the estimated useful lives and salvage value of all property and equipment. Any change in the estimated useful life or salvage value is treated as a change in estimate and accounted for prospectively in the period of change. For example, during the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company increased the estimated useful life of its corporate aircraft from 10 years to 19 years and reduced the estimated salvage value from 70% to 21%. These changes in estimates did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, except for certain costs related to the aircraft. The costs of normal, recurring, or periodic repairs and maintenance activities related to the aircraft are expensed as incurred. The cost of PMMA may be treated differently because those activities may involve the acquisition of additional aircraft components or the replacement of existing aircraft components. PMMA are performed periodically based on passage of time and the use of the aircraft. The classification of a maintenance activity as part of PMMA requires judgment and can affect the amount of expense recognized in any particular period. The cost of each PMMA is expected to be capitalized and amortized over the period until the next scheduled PMMA. There have been no PMMA to date. When assets are retired or sold, the capitalized cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the property and equipment accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the results of operations. Eligible internal-use software development costs are capitalized subsequent to the completion of the preliminary project stage. Such costs include external direct material and service costs, employee payroll, and payroll-related costs. After all substantial testing and deployment is completed and the software is ready for its intended use, capitalization ceases and internal-use software development costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally three years. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of these assets are no longer appropriate. Each impairment test is based on a comparison of the undiscounted cash flows to the recorded value of the asset. If an asset is impaired, the asset is written down by the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the related fair value of the asset.
Software Development Costs	(g) Software Development Costs Software development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at which time such costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Capitalized software development costs include direct labor costs and fringe benefit costs attributed to programmers, software engineers, and quality control and field certifiers working on products after they reach technological feasibility, but before they are generally available to customers for sale. Technological feasibility is considered to be achieved when a product design and working model of the software product have been completed. Capitalized software development costs are typically amortized over the estimated product life of three years, on a straight-line basis. The Company has significantly accelerated the pace of its software development efforts and increased the frequency of its software releases subsequent to the release of MicroStrategy 10, which has resulted in the Company’s software development costs in recent periods being expensed as incurred within “Research and development” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Capitalized software development costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $0.0 million and $2.5 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Amortization expense related to software development costs was $2.5 million, $6.0 million, and $7.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, and is included in cost of product licenses and subscription services revenues. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016.
Loss Contingencies and Legal Costs	(h) Loss Contingencies and Legal Costs The Company accrues loss contingencies that are believed to be probable and can be reasonably estimated. As events evolve during the administration and litigation process and additional information becomes known, the Company reassesses its estimates related to loss contingencies. Legal costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred.
Deferred Revenue and Advance Payments	(i) Deferred Revenue and Advance Payments Deferred revenue and advance payments represent amounts received or due from customers in advance of the Company transferring its products or services to the customer. In the case of multi-year service contracts, the Company generally does not invoice more than one year in advance of services and does not record any deferred revenue for amounts that have not been invoiced. Revenue is subsequently recognized in the period(s) in which control of the products or services are transferred to the customer. Deferred revenue is comprised of deferred product licenses and subscription services, deferred product support, or other services revenue based on the transaction price allocated to the specific performance obligation in the contract with the customer.
Revenue Recognition	(j) Revenue Recognition The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 effective as of January 1, 2018 and has adjusted its prior period consolidated financial statements to reflect full retrospective adoption. See Note 3, Recent Accounting Standards, to the consolidated financial statements for a summary of the significant changes in accounting principles and the impact to the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements. Under ASU 2014-09, the Company recognizes revenue using a five-step model: (i) Identifying the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) Identifying the performance obligation, (iii) Determining the transaction price, (iv) Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) Recognizing revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company has elected to exclude taxes assessed by government authorities in determining the transaction price, and therefore revenue is recognized net of taxes collected from customers. Performance Obligations and Timing of Revenue Recognition The Company primarily sells goods and services that fall into the categories discussed below. Each category contains one or more performance obligations that are either (i) capable of being distinct (i.e., the customer can benefit from the good or service on its own or together with readily available resources, including those purchased separately from the Company) and distinct within the context of the contract (i.e., separately identifiable from other promises in the contract) or (ii) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Aside from the Company’s term and perpetual software licenses, which are delivered at a point in time, the majority of the Company’s services are delivered over time. Product Licenses The Company sells different types of on-premise business intelligence software, licensed on a term or perpetual basis. Although license arrangements are sold with product support, the software is fully functional at the outset of the arrangement and is considered a distinct performance obligation. Revenue from product license sales is recognized when control of the software license has transferred to the customer, which is the later of delivery or commencement of the license term. The Company may also sell through resellers and OEMs who purchase the Company’s products for resale. In reseller arrangements, revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to the end user. In OEM arrangements, revenue is recognized upon delivery to the OEM. Subscription Services The Company also sells access to its software through a subscription-based cloud offering, wherein customers access the software through a third-party hosting service. Control of the software itself does not transfer to the customer under this arrangement and is not considered a separate performance obligation. Subscription services are regularly sold on a standalone basis with telephone support only. Revenue related to this subscription service is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to the software. Product Support In all license arrangements, customers are required to purchase a standard product support package and may also purchase a premium product support package for a fixed annual fee. All product support packages include both technical support and when-and-if-available software upgrades, which are treated as a single performance obligation as they are considered a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same duration and measure of progress. Revenue from product support is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to product support. Consulting Services The Company sells consulting services to help customers plan and execute deployment of the Company’s software. Customers are not required to use consulting services to fully benefit from the software license. Consulting services are regularly sold on a standalone basis and either (i) prepaid upfront or (ii) sold on a time and materials basis. Consulting arrangements are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer’s ability to use the other consulting offerings or other products and services. Revenue under consulting arrangements is recognized over time as services are delivered. For time and materials-based consulting arrangements, the Company has elected the practical expedient of recognizing revenue upon invoicing since the invoiced amount corresponds directly to the value of the Company’s service to date. Education Services The Company sells various education and training services to its customers. Education services are sold on a standalone basis under three different arrangements: (i) prepaid bulk training units that may be redeemed on training courses based on standard redemption rates, (ii) an annual subscription to unlimited training courses, and (iii) individual courses purchased a la carte. Education arrangements are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer’s ability to use the other education offerings or other products and services. Revenue on prepaid bulk training units and individual course purchases are recognized when the courses are delivered. Revenue on the annual subscription is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to unlimited training courses. See Note 13, Segment Information, to the consolidated financial statements for information regarding total revenues by geographic region. Significant Judgments and Estimates The adoption of ASU 2014-09 requires the Company to make significant judgments to determine the transaction price of a contract and subsequently allocate the transaction price based on an estimated SSP. The Company is also required to make significant judgements with respect to capitalizing incremental costs to obtain a customer contract and determining the subsequent amortization period. These significant judgments and estimates are discussed further below. Determining the Transaction Price The transaction price includes both fixed and variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The amount of variable consideration excluded from the transaction price was not material for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The Company’s estimates of variable consideration are also subject to subsequent true-up adjustments and may result in changes to its transaction prices, but such true-up adjustments are not expected to be material. The Company has the following sources of variable consideration: (i) Performance penalties – Subscription services and product support arrangements generally contain performance response time guarantees. For subscription services arrangements, the Company estimates variable consideration using a portfolio approach because performance penalties are tied to standard up-time requirements. For product support arrangements, the Company estimates variable consideration on a contract basis because such arrangements are customer-specific. For both subscription services and product support arrangements, the Company uses an expected value approach to estimate variable consideration based on historical business practices and current and future performance expectations to determine the likelihood of incurring penalties. (ii) Extended payment terms – The Company’s standard payment terms are generally within 180 days of invoicing. If extended payment terms are granted to customers, those terms generally do not exceed one year. For contracts with extended payment terms, the Company estimates variable consideration on a contract basis because such estimates are customer-specific and uses an expected value approach to analyze historical business experience on a customer-by-customer basis to determine the likelihood that extended payment terms lead to an implied price concession. (iii) Sales and usage-based royalties – Certain product license arrangements include sales or usage-based royalties, covering both the software license and product support. In these arrangements, the Company uses an expected value approach to estimate and recognize revenue for royalty sales each period, utilizing historical data on a contract-by-contract basis. True-up adjustments are recorded in subsequent periods when royalty reporting is received from the OEM partners. The Company provides a standard software assurance warranty to repair, replace, or refund software that does not perform in accordance with documentation. The standard software assurance warranty period is generally less than one year. Assurance warranty claims were not material for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The Company does not adjust the transaction price for significant financing components where the time period between cash payment and performance is one year or less. However, there are circumstances where the timing between cash payment and performance may exceed one year. These circumstances generally involve prepaid multi-year product support and subscription services arrangements where the customer determines when the service is utilized (e.g., when to request on-call support services or when to use and access the software on the cloud). In these circumstances, the Company has determined no significant financing component exists because the customer controls when to utilize the service and because there are significant business purposes behind the timing difference between payment and performance (e.g., maximizing profit in the case of product support services and ensuring collectability in the case of subscription services). Allocating the Transaction Price Based on Standalone Selling Prices (SSP) The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in a contract based on its relative SSP. The SSP is the price at which the Company sells the product or service on a standalone basis at contract inception. In circumstances where SSP is not directly observable, the Company estimates SSP using the following methodologies: (i) Product licenses – Product licenses are not sold on a standalone basis and pricing is highly variable. The Company establishes SSP of product licenses using a residual approach after first establishing the SSP of standard product support. Standard product support is sold on a standalone basis within a narrow range of the net license fee, and because an economic relationship exists between product licenses and standard product support, the Company has concluded that the residual method to estimate SSP of product licenses sold on both a perpetual and term basis is a fair allocation of the transaction price. (ii) Subscription services – Given the highly variable selling price of subscription services, the Company establishes the SSP of its subscription services arrangements using a similar residual approach after first establishing the SSP of consulting and education services. The Company has concluded that the residual method to estimate SSP of its subscription services is a fair allocation of the transaction price. (iii) Standard product support – The Company establishes SSP of standard product support as a percentage of the stated net license fee, given such pricing is consistent with its normal pricing practices and there exists sufficient history of customers renewing at similar percentages. Each quarter, the Company tracks renewal rates negotiated when standard product support is initially sold with a perpetual license in order to determine the SSP of standard product support within each geographic region for the upcoming quarter. If the stated standard product support fee falls within the SSP range, the specific rate in the contract will be used to estimate SSP. If the stated fee is above or below SSP, the highest or lowest end of the range, respectively, will generally be used to estimate SSP of standard product support. (iv) Premium product support, consulting services, and education services –SSP of premium product support, consulting services, and education services is established by using a bell-shaped curve approach to define a narrow range within each geographic region in which the services are discounted off of the list price on a standalone basis. The Company often provides options to purchase future products or services at a discount. The Company analyzes the option price against the previously established SSP of the goods or services to determine if the options represent material rights that should be accounted for as separate performance obligations. In general, an option sold at or above SSP is not considered a material right because the customer could have received that right without entering into the contract. If a material right exists, revenue associated with the option is recognized when the future goods or services are transferred, or when the option expires. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, separate performance obligations arising from future purchase options have not been material.
Incremental Costs to Obtain Customer Contracts	Incremental Costs to Obtain Customer Contracts Incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts with customers include certain variable compensation (e.g., commissions and bonuses) paid to the Company’s sales team. Although the Company may bundle its goods and services into one contract, commissions are individually determined on each distinct good or service in the contract. The Company expenses as incurred those amounts earned on consulting and education services, which are generally performed within a one-year period and primarily sold on a standalone basis. The Company also expenses as incurred those amounts earned on product license sales, since the amount is earned when the license is delivered. The Company capitalizes those amounts earned on product support and amortizes the costs over a period of time that is consistent with the pattern of transfer of the product support to the customer, which the Company has determined to be a period of three years. Although the Company typically sells product support for a period of one year, a majority of customers renew their product support arrangements. Three years is generally the period after which platforms are no longer supported by the Company's support team and when customers generally choose to upgrade their software platform. The Company does not pay variable compensation on product support renewals. Variable compensation earned on subscription cloud services is expensed as incurred due to its immaterial nature. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, capitalized costs to obtain customer contracts, net of accumulated amortization, were $4.2 million and $4.5 million, respectively, and are presented within “Deposits and other assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, amortization expense related to these capitalized costs were $2.3 million, $3.0 million, and $2.7 million, respectively, and are reflected within “Sales and marketing” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Advertising Costs	(k) Advertising Costs Advertising costs include production costs, which are expensed the first time the advertisement takes place, and media placement costs, which are expensed in the month the advertising appears. Total advertising costs were $7.1 million, $5.7 million, and $1.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had no prepaid advertising costs.
Share-based Compensation	(l) Share-based Compensation The Company maintains the 2013 Equity Plan, under which the Company’s employees, officers, directors, and other eligible participants may be awarded various types of share-based compensation, including options to purchase shares of the Company’s class A common stock and other stock-based awards. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with such stock option and stock-based awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally, the vesting period). The share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of such awards on the date of grant, as estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. See Note 9, Share-based Compensation, to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the 2013 Equity Plan, related share-based compensation expense, and assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
Income Taxes	(m) Income Taxes The Company is subject to federal, state, and local income taxes in the United States and many foreign countries. Deferred income taxes are provided based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the taxes become payable. For uncertain income tax positions, the Company uses a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold based on the technical merits of the income tax position taken. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured in order to determine the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements. The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, are recognized as a component of income tax expense. The Company provides a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value, when appropriate.
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	(n) Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and participating securities outstanding during the period. Participating securities are included in the basic earnings per share calculation when dilutive. Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive. Potential common shares consisting of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding employee stock options and warrants are computed using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares also consist of common stock issuable upon the conversion of preferred stock. Beginning January 1, 2017, excess tax benefits are no longer included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, on a prospective basis. The Company has two classes of common stock: class A common stock and class B common stock. Holders of class A common stock generally have the same rights, including rights to dividends, as holders of class B common stock, except that holders of class A common stock have one vote per share while holders of class B common stock have ten votes per share. Each share of class B common stock is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into one share of class A common stock. As such, basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on either class A or class B common stock. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding.
Foreign Currency Translation	(o) Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of the Company’s international operations is generally the local currency. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities of international subsidiaries are translated using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, and revenue and expenses are translated using weighted average exchange rates for the period. The related translation adjustments are reported in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in stockholders’ equity. In general, upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of an investment in an international subsidiary, the amount of accumulated translation adjustments attributable to that subsidiary is reclassified from stockholders’ equity to the statement of operations. Transaction gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity involved are included in the results of operations. As of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the cumulative foreign currency translation balances were $(9.8) million, $(5.7) million, and $(11.0) million, respectively. No taxes were recognized on the temporary differences resulting from foreign currency translation adjustments for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. Transaction gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies resulted in net gains of $4.7 million and $3.0 million in 2018 and 2016, respectively, and a net loss of $7.0 million in 2017, and are included in “Other income (expense), net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Concentrations of Credit Risk	(p) Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash equivalents with high credit-quality financial institutions and invests its excess cash primarily in short-term investments. The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings and maturities that seek to maintain safety and liquidity. The Company sells products and services to various companies across several industries throughout the world in the ordinary course of business. The Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and maintains allowances for anticipated losses. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of net accounts receivable, and for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue.

Recent Accounting Standards (Ta

Recent Accounting Standards (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]
Summary of Line Items Adjusted in Consolidated Financial Statements	The following line items as of December 31, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 have been adjusted in the consolidated financial statements to reflect the adoption of ASU 2014-09: December 31, 2017 Consolidated Balance Sheet As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Accounts receivable, net $ 69,500 $ 95,864 $ 165,364 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 18,002 1,178 19,180 Deposits and other assets 2,868 4,543 7,411 Deferred tax assets, net 13,391 (4,094 ) 9,297 Deferred revenue and advance payments 112,649 86,085 198,734 Deferred revenue and advance payments, non-current 10,181 (3,781 ) 6,400 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (5,968 ) 309 (5,659 ) Retained earnings 511,755 14,878 526,633 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Operations: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Product licenses revenue $ 93,969 $ (710 ) $ 93,259 Product support revenues 289,174 10 289,184 Sales and marketing expenses 174,612 433 175,045 Provision for income taxes 54,964 (1,685 ) 53,279 Net income 17,643 552 18,195 Diluted earnings per share 1.53 0.05 1.58 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Operations: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Product licenses revenue $ 113,503 $ 1,371 $ 114,874 Product support revenues 285,079 57 285,136 Sales and marketing expenses 158,740 (459 ) 158,281 Provision for income taxes 22,138 556 22,694 Net income 90,908 1,331 92,239 Diluted earnings per share 7.89 0.12 8.01 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 17,643 $ 552 $ 18,195 Foreign currency translation adjustment 4,805 495 5,300 Comprehensive income 22,418 1,047 23,465 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 90,908 $ 1,331 $ 92,239 Foreign currency translation adjustment (3,347 ) (186 ) (3,533 ) Comprehensive income 87,573 1,145 88,718 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 17,643 $ 552 $ 18,195 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 12,572 2,960 15,532 Deferred taxes (2,011 ) (1,594 ) (3,605 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets (4,279 ) (460 ) (4,739 ) Deposits and other assets 2,981 48 3,029 Accrued compensation and employee benefits (3,683 ) (2,526 ) (6,209 ) Deferred revenue and advance payments (1,609 ) 1,020 (589 ) Year Ended December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: As Reported Effect of the Adoption of ASU 2014-09 As Adjusted Net income $ 90,908 $ 1,331 $ 92,239 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 17,195 2,749 19,944 Deferred taxes (4,983 ) 533 (4,450 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets (880 ) 139 (741 ) Deposits and other assets (4,059 ) 3 (4,056 ) Accrued compensation and employee benefits 3,787 (3,208 ) 579 Deferred revenue and advance payments 11,238 (1,547 ) 9,691

Contract Balances (Tables)

Contract Balances (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Abstract]
Schedule of Accounts Receivable	Accounts receivable (in thousands) consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Billed and billable $ 176,848 $ 169,554 Less: allowance for doubtful accounts (5,489 ) (4,190 ) Accounts receivable, net $ 171,359 $ 165,364
Deferred Revenue and Advance Payments	Deferred revenue and advance payments (in thousands) from customers consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Current: Deferred product licenses revenue $ 1,768 $ 3,760 Deferred subscription services revenue 13,508 17,324 Deferred product support revenue 152,501 168,185 Deferred other services revenue 8,763 9,465 Total current deferred revenue and advance payments $ 176,540 $ 198,734 Non-current: Deferred product licenses revenue $ 542 $ 820 Deferred subscription services revenue 2,384 126 Deferred product support revenue 3,091 4,826 Deferred other services revenue 452 628 Total non-current deferred revenue and advance payments $ 6,469 $ 6,400

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property and Equipment	Property and equipment (in thousands) consisted of the following, as of: December 31, 2018 2017 Transportation equipment $ 48,645 $ 48,645 Computer equipment and purchased software 56,933 57,515 Furniture and equipment 10,709 10,425 Leasehold improvements 29,733 28,511 Internally developed software 9,643 9,643 Property and equipment, gross 155,663 154,739 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (103,744 ) (101,380 ) Property and equipment, net $ 51,919 $ 53,359

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Future Minimum Rent Payments Under Noncancellable Operating Leases And Anticipated Payments Related to One-Time Transition Tax	The following table shows future minimum rent payments under noncancellable operating leases and agreements with initial terms of greater than one year, and anticipated payments related to the one-time Transition Tax resulting from the Tax Act, based on the expected due dates of the various installments as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands): Operating Leases Transition Tax Year Amount Amount 2019 $ 27,768 $ 0 2020 25,583 897 2021 18,573 2,951 2022 15,694 2,951 2023 15,607 5,534 Thereafter 92,347 16,602 $ 195,572 $ 28,935

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Income Before Income Taxes	U.S. and international components of income before income taxes (in thousands) were comprised of the following for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) U.S. $ (18,295 ) $ 18,814 $ 52,802 Foreign 38,777 52,660 62,131 Total $ 20,482 $ 71,474 $ 114,933
Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes	The provision for income taxes (in thousands) consisted of the following for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Current: Federal $ (1,916 ) $ 48,794 $ 18,453 State 1,656 4,077 3,681 Foreign 6,460 4,074 4,941 $ 6,200 $ 56,945 $ 27,075 Deferred: Federal $ (6,071 ) $ (1,649 ) $ (4,165 ) State (2,047 ) (1,260 ) (801 ) Foreign (101 ) (757 ) 585 $ (8,219 ) $ (3,666 ) $ (4,381 ) Total (benefit) provision $ (2,019 ) $ 53,279 $ 22,694
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s income before income taxes as follows for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Income tax expense at federal statutory rate 21.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 % State taxes, net of federal tax effect (1.3 )% 2.5 % 1.6 % Foreign earnings taxed at different rates (20.5 )% (24.2 )% (15.4 )% Withholding tax 5.5 % 1.9 % 1.3 % Foreign tax credit (5.2 )% (1.1 )% (0.9 )% Other international components 0.3 % 0.0 % (0.1 )% Change in valuation allowance 2.5 % 0.2 % (0.8 )% Deferred tax adjustments and rate changes (1.7 )% 4.0 % 0.0 % Section 199 Deduction 0.0 % (1.4 )% (1.8 )% Subpart F income 7.0 % 1.5 % 0.6 % Research and development tax credit (11.8 )% (1.1 )% (0.8 )% GILTI, net of foreign tax credit 0.5 % 0.0 % 0.0 % FDII (4.5 )% 0.0 % 0.0 % Transition Tax (15.2 )% 55.4 % 0.0 % Other permanent differences 13.5 % 1.8 % 1.0 % Total (9.9 )% 74.5 % 19.7 %
Schedule of Effective Tax Rate for Income Before Income Taxes	The Company’s U.S. and foreign effective tax rates for income before income taxes were as follows for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) U.S. 45.8 % 265.6 % 32.5 % Foreign 16.4 % 6.3 % 8.9 % Combined (9.9 )% 74.5 % 19.7 %
Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands) were as follows for the periods indicated: December 31, 2018 2017 (as adjusted) Deferred tax assets, net: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 841 $ 761 Tax credits 1,839 1,520 Intangible assets 0 10 Deferred revenue adjustment 543 1,214 Accrued compensation 6,519 2,863 Share-based compensation expense 12,987 11,597 Deferred rent 1,764 0 Other 2,115 2,457 Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance 26,608 20,422 Valuation allowance (1,507 ) (1,015 ) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 25,101 19,407 Deferred tax liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other 1,049 1,301 Property and equipment 5,841 6,778 Capitalized software development costs 0 695 Method change 932 1,340 Total deferred tax liabilities 7,822 10,114 Total net deferred tax asset $ 17,279 $ 9,293 Reported as: Non-current deferred tax assets, net 17,316 9,297 Non-current deferred tax liabilities (37 ) (4 ) Total net deferred tax asset $ 17,279 $ 9,293
Schedule of Change In Unrecognized Tax Benefits	The change in unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands) is presented in the table below: Unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2018 (as adjusted) $ 3,444 Increase related to positions taken in prior period 314 Increase related to positions taken in current period 596 Decrease related to expiration of statute of limitations (295 ) Unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2018 4,059 Accrued interest 705 Unrecognized tax benefits recorded in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2018 $ 4,764

Share-based Compensation (Table

Share-based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]
Summary of Stock Option Activity	The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity (in thousands, except per share data and years) for the periods indicated: Stock Options Outstanding Weighted Average Aggregate Weighted Average Exercise Price Intrinsic Remaining Contractual Shares Per Share Value Term (Years) Balance as of January 1, 2016 1,323 $ 129.04 Granted 45 189.62 Exercised (112 ) 97.82 $ 8,102 Forfeited/Expired (370 ) 110.28 Balance as of December 31, 2016 886 143.89 Granted 175 169.04 Exercised (12 ) 143.35 $ 541 Forfeited/Expired (57 ) 196.52 Balance as of December 31, 2017 992 145.28 Granted 710 130.27 Exercised (21 ) 121.13 $ 196 Forfeited/Expired (201 ) 154.49 Balance as of December 31, 2018 1,480 $ 137.16 Exercisable as of December 31, 2018 701 $ 136.01 $ 3,317 5.5 Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018 779 $ 138.20 174 9.0 Total 1,480 $ 137.16 $ 3,491 7.3
Schedule of Range of Exercise Prices per Share	Stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2018 are comprised of the following range of exercise prices per share (in thousands, except per share data and years): Stock Options Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Weighted Average Weighted Average Exercise Price Remaining Contractual Range of Exercise Prices per Share Shares Per Share Term (Years) $117.85 - $120.00 23 $ 118.50 3.1 $120.01 - $150.00 1,174 $ 126.66 7.6 $150.01 - $180.00 121 $ 168.44 5.8 $180.01 - $201.25 162 $ 192.40 7.3 Total 1,480 $ 137.16 7.3
Assumptions Used in Black-Scholes Pricing Model	The weighted average grant date fair value of stock option awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model was $51.68, $68.67, and $75.54 for each share subject to a stock option granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, based on the following assumptions: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected term of options in years 6.3 6.3 6.3 Expected volatility 33.7% - 35.5% 37.4% - 37.8% 38.5% Risk-free interest rate 2.7% - 2.9% 1.9% - 2.3% 1.4% - 1.6% Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Basic and Diluted Earnings pe_2

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data) for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (as adjusted) (as adjusted) Numerator: Net income $ 22,501 $ 18,195 $ 92,239 Denominator: Weighted average common shares of class A common stock 9,340 9,409 9,390 Weighted average common shares of class B common stock 2,035 2,035 2,035 Total weighted average common stock shares outstanding 11,375 11,444 11,425 Effect of dilutive securities: Employee stock options 37 103 91 Adjusted weighted average shares 11,412 11,547 11,516 Earnings per share: Basic earnings per share $ 1.98 $ 1.59 $ 8.07 Diluted earnings per share $ 1.97 $ 1.58 $ 8.01

Segment Information (Tables)

Segment Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Revenues and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographic Region	The following table presents total revenues, gross profit, and long-lived assets, excluding long-term deferred tax assets, (in thousands) according to geographic region: Geographic regions: Domestic EMEA Other Regions Consolidated Year ended December 31, 2018 Total revenues $ 287,258 $ 156,706 $ 53,674 $ 497,638 Gross profit $ 228,310 $ 126,315 $ 43,514 $ 398,139 Year ended December 31, 2017 (as adjusted) Total revenues $ 293,251 $ 154,716 $ 55,876 $ 503,843 Gross profit $ 234,266 $ 126,296 $ 46,632 $ 407,194 Year ended December 31, 2016 (as adjusted) Total revenues $ 312,400 $ 149,792 $ 51,397 $ 513,589 Gross profit $ 254,662 $ 122,235 $ 43,545 $ 420,442 As of December 31, 2018 Long-lived assets $ 49,611 $ 5,931 $ 4,511 $ 60,053 As of December 31, 2017 (as adjusted) Long-lived assets $ 55,355 $ 5,626 $ 2,288 $ 63,269

Selected Quarterly Financial _2

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Selected Quarterly Financial Data	The following tables contain unaudited Statement of Operations information for each quarter of 2018 and 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company estimated and recorded a one-time tax provision of $44.0 million as a result of the Tax Act. This tax provision was comprised of a $40.3 million Transition Tax and a $3.7 million charge related to the re-measurement of net deferred tax assets arising from the new lower corporate tax rate effected by the Tax Act. The Company subsequently recorded a measurement-period adjustment to reduce the Transition Tax by $3.1 million in the third quarter of 2018. Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Year (in thousands, except per share data) 2018 Revenues $ 122,967 $ 120,602 $ 122,152 $ 131,917 $ 497,638 Gross profit $ 97,782 $ 95,562 $ 98,763 $ 106,032 $ 398,139 Net income $ 1,673 $ 4,828 $ 12,699 $ 3,301 $ 22,501 Earnings per share: (1) Basic $ 0.15 $ 0.42 $ 1.11 $ 0.30 $ 1.98 Diluted $ 0.15 $ 0.42 $ 1.10 $ 0.30 $ 1.97 Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Year (in thousands, except per share data) 2017 (as adjusted) Revenues $ 122,232 $ 119,220 $ 126,010 $ 136,381 $ 503,843 Gross profit $ 99,100 $ 94,845 $ 101,621 $ 111,628 $ 407,194 Net income (loss) $ 15,557 $ 9,953 $ 18,184 $ (25,499 ) $ 18,195 Earnings (loss) per share: (1) Basic $ 1.36 $ 0.87 $ 1.59 $ (2.23 ) $ 1.59 Diluted $ 1.34 $ 0.86 $ 1.58 $ (2.23 ) $ 1.58 (1) The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)Customershares	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)Customershares	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Customershares	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)Customer
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Capitalized software development costs, net	$ 0		$ 0	$ 2,499,000
Capitalized computer software, amortization			2,500,000	6,000,000	$ 7,400,000
Additions to capitalized software development costs			$ 0	0	0
Payment terms			The Company’s standard payment terms are generally within 180 days of invoicing. If extended payment terms are granted to customers, those terms generally do not exceed one year.
Description of warranty			The standard software assurance warranty period is generally less than one year.
Amortization period for capitalized contract costs	3 years		3 years
Product support period			1 year
Capitalized cost to obtain customer contracts net	$ 4,200,000		$ 4,200,000	4,500,000
Advertising costs			7,100,000	5,700,000	1,300,000
Prepaid advertising costs	$ 0		$ 0	$ 0
Common stock, conversion ratio			One
Preferred stock, shares outstanding | shares	0		0	0
Cumulative foreign currency translation amount	$ (9,800,000)		$ (9,800,000)	$ (5,700,000)	(11,000,000)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, tax			0	0	0
Transaction gains (losses) arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies			$ 4,700,000	$ (7,000,000)	$ 3,000,000
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales Revenue, Goods, Net
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of individual customer accounted for 10% or more of net accounts receivable | Customer	0		0	0
Number of individual customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenues | Customer			0	0	0
Class A
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock, voting rights, per share			One
Class B Convertible
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock, voting rights, per share			Ten
Sales and Marketing
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amortization expenses related to capitalized cost			$ 2,300,000	$ 3,000,000	$ 2,700,000
Computer Equipment And Purchased Software
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives of assets, years			3 years
Office Equipment And Automobiles
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives of assets, years			5 years
Office Furniture And Corporate Aircraft
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives of assets, years			10 years
Corporate Aircraft
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives of assets, years	19 years	10 years
Estimated salvage value	21.00%	70.00%	21.00%
Software Development
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives of assets, years			3 years

Recent Accounting Standards - A

Recent Accounting Standards - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Jan. 01, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Capitalized cost amortization period		3 years
ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Capitalized cost amortization period		3 years
ASU 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings				$ 13,000,000
ASU 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Deferred Revenue
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings				(12,900,000)
ASU 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Deferred Tax Assets Net of Deferred Tax Liabilities
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings				5,200,000
ASU 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Other Non-current Assets
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings				(4,400,000)
ASU 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Other Current Assets
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings				$ (900,000)
Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-16
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings			$ 0
ASU 2016-02 | Subsequent Event
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Recognition of additional ROU assets	$ 88,000,000
Recognition of additional lease liabilities	117,000,000
Reduction in deferred rent	$ 29,000,000

Recent Accounting Standards - L

Recent Accounting Standards - Line Items Adjusted in Consolidated Balance Sheet (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net	$ 171,359	$ 165,364
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	30,068	19,180
Deposits and other assets	8,134	7,411
Deferred tax assets, net	17,316	9,297
Deferred revenue and advance payments	176,540	198,734
Deferred revenue and advance payments, non-current	6,469	6,400
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10,217)	(5,659)
Retained earnings	$ 549,134	526,633
As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net		69,500
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		18,002
Deposits and other assets		2,868
Deferred tax assets, net		13,391
Deferred revenue and advance payments		112,649
Deferred revenue and advance payments, non-current		10,181
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(5,968)
Retained earnings		511,755
Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net		95,864
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,178
Deposits and other assets		4,543
Deferred tax assets, net		(4,094)
Deferred revenue and advance payments		86,085
Deferred revenue and advance payments, non-current		(3,781)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		309
Retained earnings		$ 14,878

Recent Accounting Standards -_2

Recent Accounting Standards - Line Items Adjusted in Consolidated Statement of Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended																12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018		Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 131,917		$ 122,152		$ 120,602		$ 122,967		$ 136,381		$ 126,010		$ 119,220		$ 122,232		$ 497,638		$ 503,843		$ 513,589
Sales and marketing expenses																	205,525		175,045		158,281
Provision for income taxes																	(2,019)		53,279		22,694
Net income	$ 3,301		$ 12,699		$ 4,828		$ 1,673		$ (25,499)		$ 18,184		$ 9,953		$ 15,557		$ 22,501		$ 18,195		$ 92,239
Diluted earnings per share	$ 0.30	[1]	$ 1.10	[1]	$ 0.42	[1]	$ 0.15	[1]	$ (2.23)	[1]	$ 1.58	[1]	$ 0.86	[1]	$ 1.34	[1]	$ 1.97	[1],[2]	$ 1.58	[1],[2]	$ 8.01	[2]
As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Sales and marketing expenses																			$ 174,612		$ 158,740
Provision for income taxes																			54,964		22,138
Net income																			$ 17,643		$ 90,908
Diluted earnings per share																			$ 1.53		$ 7.89
Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Sales and marketing expenses																			$ 433		$ (459)
Provision for income taxes																			(1,685)		556
Net income																			$ 552		$ 1,331
Diluted earnings per share																			$ 0.05		$ 0.12
Product licenses
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																	$ 88,057		$ 93,259		$ 114,874
Product licenses | As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																			93,969		113,503
Product licenses | Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																			(710)		1,371
Product support
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																	$ 296,216		289,184		285,136
Product support | As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																			289,174		285,079
Product support | Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Revenues																			$ 10		$ 57
[1]	The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.
[2]	Basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same.

Recent Accounting Standards -_3

Recent Accounting Standards - Line Items Adjusted in Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income	$ 3,301	$ 12,699	$ 4,828	$ 1,673	$ (25,499)	$ 18,184	$ 9,953	$ 15,557	$ 22,501	$ 18,195	$ 92,239
Foreign currency translation adjustment									(4,128)	5,300	(3,533)
Comprehensive income									$ 17,943	23,465	88,718
As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income										17,643	90,908
Foreign currency translation adjustment										4,805	(3,347)
Comprehensive income										22,418	87,573
Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income										552	1,331
Foreign currency translation adjustment										495	(186)
Comprehensive income										$ 1,047	$ 1,145

Recent Accounting Standards -_4

Recent Accounting Standards - Line Items Adjusted in Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income	$ 3,301	$ 12,699	$ 4,828	$ 1,673	$ (25,499)	$ 18,184	$ 9,953	$ 15,557	$ 22,501	$ 18,195	$ 92,239
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization									3,701	15,532	19,944
Deferred taxes									(8,274)	(3,605)	(4,450)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets									(6,561)	(4,739)	(741)
Deposits and other assets									(1,201)	3,029	(4,056)
Accrued compensation and employee benefits									5,116	(6,209)	579
Deferred revenue and advance payments									$ (22,126)	(589)	9,691
As Reported | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income										17,643	90,908
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization										12,572	17,195
Deferred taxes										(2,011)	(4,983)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets										(4,279)	(880)
Deposits and other assets										2,981	(4,059)
Accrued compensation and employee benefits										(3,683)	3,787
Deferred revenue and advance payments										(1,609)	11,238
Effect of the Adoption | ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements Or Change In Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net income										552	1,331
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization										2,960	2,749
Deferred taxes										(1,594)	533
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets										(460)	139
Deposits and other assets										48	3
Accrued compensation and employee benefits										(2,526)	(3,208)
Deferred revenue and advance payments										$ 1,020	$ (1,547)

Short-term Investments - Additi

Short-term Investments - Additional Information (Detail) - US Treasury Securities and Certificates of Deposit - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost	$ 466,600,000
Available-for-sale securities, fair value	466,200,000
Unrecognized holding losses accumulated in other comprehensive loss, gross	400,000
Available-for-sale securities, other-than-temporary impairments related to these investments	$ 0
Held to maturity securities, amortized cost		$ 254,900,000
Held to maturity securities, carrying value		254,900,000
Held to maturity securities, fair value		254,800,000
Other-than-temporary impairments related to these investments		$ 0
Minimum
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities maturity range	3 months
Maximum
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities maturity range	1 year

Schedule of Accounts Receivable

Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Receivables [Abstract]
Billed and billable	$ 176,848	$ 169,554
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts	(5,489)	(4,190)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 171,359	$ 165,364

Contract Balances - Additional

Contract Balances - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Bad debt expense and write-offs (reversals)	$ 1,900,000	$ 2,300,000	$ 200,000
Revenue, Remaining performance obligation	183,000,000
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Assets impairment charges	0	0	0
Contract assets	800,000	1,200,000
Current Deferred Revenue and Advanced Payments
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from beginning deferred revenue	$ 194,600,000	$ 196,700,000	$ 187,300,000

Deferred Revenue and Advance Pa

Deferred Revenue and Advance Payments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred Revenue Disclosure [Abstract]
Deferred product licenses revenue, Current	$ 1,768	$ 3,760
Deferred subscription services revenue, Current	13,508	17,324
Deferred product support revenue, Current	152,501	168,185
Deferred other services revenue, Current	8,763	9,465
Total current deferred revenue and advance payments	176,540	198,734
Deferred product licenses revenue, Non-current	542	820
Deferred subscription services revenue, Non-current	2,384	126
Deferred product support revenue, Non-current	3,091	4,826
Deferred other services revenue, Non-current	452	628
Total non-current deferred revenue and advance payments	$ 6,469	$ 6,400

Contract Balances - Additiona_2

Contract Balances - Additional Information (Detail1) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining performance obligation	$ 183
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date: 2019-01-01
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining performance obligation	$ 176.5
Revenue, Remaining performance obligations, Expected timing of satisfaction, Period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date: 2020-01-01
Contract With Customer Asset And Liability [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining performance obligation	$ 6.5
Revenue, Remaining performance obligations, Expected timing of satisfaction, Period

Schedule of Property and Equipm

Schedule of Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 155,663	$ 154,739
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(103,744)	(101,380)
Property and equipment, net	51,919	53,359
Transportation Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	48,645	48,645
Computer Equipment And Purchased Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	56,933	57,515
Furniture and Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	10,709	10,425
Leaseholds Improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	29,733	28,511
Internally Developed Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 9,643	$ 9,643

Property and Equipment - Additi

Property and Equipment - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	$ 51,919	$ 53,359
Accumulated depreciation	103,744	101,380
Depreciation and amortization	8,300	8,400	$ 10,600
Aircraft And Aircraft-Related Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	35,200	36,900
Accumulated depreciation	$ 13,400	$ 11,700

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)ft²	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items]
Provision for transition tax			$ 37,200	$ 40,300
Transition tax			28,935
Measurement period adjustment to reduce transition tax		$ 3,100	3,100
Total rental expenses under operating lease agreements			18,900	19,800	$ 20,300
Other Long-term Liabilities
Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items]
Transition tax			$ 28,900	36,800
Northern Virginia Office Space
Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items]
Office space area leased under the agreement | ft²			214,000
Lease expiration date	2030-12
Northern Virginia Office Space | Other Long-term Liabilities
Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items]
Deferred rent included in other long-term liabilities			$ 26,900	$ 8,500

Future Minimum Rent Payments Un

Future Minimum Rent Payments Under Noncancellable Operating Leases And Anticipated Payments Related to One-Time Transition Tax (Detail) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2,019	$ 27,768
2,020	25,583
2,021	18,573
2,022	15,694
2,023	15,607
Thereafter	92,347
Total future minimum rent payments under noncancellable operating leases	195,572
2,019	0
2,020	897
2,021	2,951
2,022	2,951
2,023	5,534
Thereafter	16,602
Total anticipated payments under one-time transition tax	$ 28,935

Schedule of Components of Incom

Schedule of Components of Income Before Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S.	$ (18,295)	$ 18,814	$ 52,802
Foreign	38,777	52,660	62,131
Income before income taxes	$ 20,482	$ 71,474	$ 114,933

Schedule of Provision for Incom

Schedule of Provision for Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Components Of Income Tax Expense Benefit Continuing Operations [Abstract]
Federal, Current	$ (1,916)	$ 48,794	$ 18,453
State, Current	1,656	4,077	3,681
Foreign, Current	6,460	4,074	4,941
Income tax expense (benefit), Current, total	6,200	56,945	27,075
Federal, Deferred	(6,071)	(1,649)	(4,165)
State, Deferred	(2,047)	(1,260)	(801)
Foreign, Deferred	(101)	(757)	585
Income tax expense (benefit), Deferred, total	(8,219)	(3,666)	(4,381)
Total (benefit) provision	$ (2,019)	$ 53,279	$ 22,694

Schedule of Effective Income Ta

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense at federal statutory rate	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
State taxes, net of federal tax effect	(1.30%)	2.50%	1.60%
Foreign earnings taxed at different rates	(20.50%)	(24.20%)	(15.40%)
Withholding tax	5.50%	1.90%	1.30%
Foreign tax credit	(5.20%)	(1.10%)	(0.90%)
Other international components	0.30%	0.00%	(0.10%)
Change in valuation allowance	2.50%	0.20%	(0.80%)
Deferred tax adjustments and rate changes	(1.70%)	4.00%	0.00%
Section 199 Deduction	(0.00%)	(1.40%)	(1.80%)
Subpart F income	7.00%	1.50%	0.60%
Research and development tax credit	(11.80%)	(1.10%)	(0.80%)
GILTI, net of foreign tax credit	0.50%	0.00%	0.00%
FDII	(4.50%)	(0.00%)	(0.00%)
Transition Tax	(15.20%)	55.40%	0.00%
Other permanent differences	13.50%	1.80%	1.00%
Total	(9.90%)	74.50%	19.70%

Schedule of Effective Tax Rate

Schedule of Effective Tax Rate for Income Before Income Taxes (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule Of Effective Tax Rates [Line Items]
Effective tax rates	(9.90%)	74.50%	19.70%
U.S.
Schedule Of Effective Tax Rates [Line Items]
Effective tax rates	45.80%	265.60%	32.50%
Foreign
Schedule Of Effective Tax Rates [Line Items]
Effective tax rates	16.40%	6.30%	8.90%

Income Taxes - Additional Infor

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Taxes
Estimated one-time tax provision		$ 44,000,000		$ 44,000,000
Transition tax			$ 28,935,000
Measurement period adjustment to reduce transition tax	$ 3,100,000		3,100,000
Provision for transition tax		40,300,000	37,200,000	$ 40,300,000
Transition tax paid			$ 8,300,000
Effective U.S corporate tax rate			21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
Tax provision charge related to re-measurement of net deferred tax assets		3,700,000		$ 3,700,000
Undistributed foreign earnings			$ 197,400,000
Retained earnings		526,633,000	549,134,000	526,633,000
Unrecognized tax benefits			4,764,000
Unrecognized tax benefits would impact the effective tax rate			4,200,000
Interest accrued		600,000	705,000	600,000
Valuation allowances		1,015,000	1,507,000	1,015,000
U.S
Income Taxes
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments		293,800,000	173,600,000	293,800,000
Operating loss carryforwards		0	$ 0	0
U.S | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,015
Foreign
Income Taxes
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments		381,400,000	$ 402,500,000	381,400,000
Retained earnings		360,900,000	397,400,000	360,900,000
Operating loss carryforwards		2,500,000	$ 3,600,000	2,500,000
China | Tax Year 2008
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,008
China | Tax Year 2009
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,009
China | Tax Year 2010
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,010
China | Tax Year 2011
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,011
China | Tax Year 2012
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,012
China | Tax Year 2013
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,013
China | Tax Year 2014
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,014
China | Tax Year 2015
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,015
China | Tax Year 2016
Income Taxes
Tax years settled which were under tax examination			2,016
Italy | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,013
Poland | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,014
Spain | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,015
Germany | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,016
United Kingdom | Earliest Tax Year
Income Taxes
Tax years subject to examination			2,016
Other Long-term Liabilities
Income Taxes
Transition tax		$ 36,800,000	$ 28,900,000	$ 36,800,000

Schedule of Components of Defer

Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Components Of Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities [Abstract]
Deferred tax assets, Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 841	$ 761
Deferred tax assets, Tax credits	1,839	1,520
Deferred tax assets, Intangible assets	0	10
Deferred tax assets, Deferred revenue adjustment	543	1,214
Deferred tax assets, Accrued Compensation	6,519	2,863
Share-based compensation expense	12,987	11,597
Deferred tax assets, Deferred rent	1,764	0
Deferred tax assets, Other	2,115	2,457
Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	26,608	20,422
Deferred tax assets, Valuation allowance	(1,507)	(1,015)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	25,101	19,407
Deferred tax liabilities, Prepaid expenses and other	1,049	1,301
Deferred tax liabilities, Property and equipment	5,841	6,778
Deferred tax liabilities, Capitalized software development costs	0	695
Method change	932	1,340
Total deferred tax liabilities	7,822	10,114
Total net deferred tax asset	17,279	9,293
Non-current deferred tax assets, net	17,316	9,297
Non-current deferred tax liabilities	$ (37)	$ (4)

Schedule of Change in Unrecogni

Schedule of Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Uncertainties [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2018 (as adjusted)	$ 3,444
Increase related to positions taken in prior period	314
Increase related to positions taken in current period	596
Decrease related to expiration of statute of limitations	(295)
Unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2018	4,059
Accrued interest	705	$ 600
Unrecognized tax benefits recorded in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2018	$ 4,764

Share-based Compensation - Addi

Share-based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase in additional paid-in capital			$ 1,244,000
Payments related to tax withholding for net-share settlement of share-based award	$ 0	$ 0	$ 3,739,000
Stock Option Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option awards granted	710,000	175,000	45,000
Options outstanding, shares	1,480,000	992,000	886,000	1,323,000
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Deferred tax assets wrote off due to vested stock options not exercisable	$ 0		$ 1,700,000
Decrease in additional-paid in capital	$ 0	$ 0	1,700,000
Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase in additional paid-in capital			$ 0
2013 Equity Plan | Stock Option Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options vested	251,250	215,000	222,500
Aggregate fair value of stock option vested	$ 15,500,000	$ 13,000,000	$ 13,700,000
Weighted average grant date fair value of stock option awards	$ 51.68	$ 68.67	$ 75.54
Share-based compensation expense recognized	$ 14,600,000	$ 14,300,000	$ 11,800,000
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense	$ 33,800,000
Unrecognized compensation expense expected to be recognized	3 years
Increase in additional paid-in capital			1,200,000
Payments related to tax withholding for net-share settlement of share-based award	$ 0	0	3,700,000
Adjustment to Additional paid in capital related to tax withholding for net-share settlement of share-based award	$ 0	$ 0	$ 3,700,000
2013 Equity Plan | Other Stock-based Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	4 years
Share-based compensation expense recognized	$ 0
Unrecognized compensation expense expected to be recognized	3 years 4 months 24 days
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense	$ 400,000
2013 Equity Plan | Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation award expiration period	10 years
Vesting period	4 years
2013 Equity Plan | Class A | Stock Option Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option awards granted	710,000
Options outstanding, shares	1,479,983
2013 Equity Plan | Class A | Other Stock-based Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Other stock-based awards granted	10,000
Other stock-based awards granted weighted average exercise price per award	$ 129.90
2013 Equity Plan | Class A | Board of Directors
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation, stock authorized	2,300,000
2013 Equity Plan | Class A | Employees, Officers, and Directors | Stock Option Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares of class A common stock reserved and available for future issuance	566,250

Summary of Stock Option Activit

Summary of Stock Option Activity (Detail) - Stock Option Awards - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Options outstanding, shares
Beginning Balance	992	886	1,323
Granted	710	175	45
Exercised	(21)	(12)	(112)
Forfeited/Expired	(201)	(57)	(370)
Ending Balance	1,480	992	886
Exercisable as of December 31, 2018	701
Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	779
Total	1,480
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share
Beginning Balance	$ 145.28	$ 143.89	$ 129.04
Granted	130.27	169.04	189.62
Exercised	121.13	143.35	97.82
Forfeited/Expired	154.49	196.52	110.28
Ending Balance	137.16	$ 145.28	$ 143.89
Exercisable as of December 31, 2018	136.01
Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	138.20
Total	$ 137.16
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 196	$ 541	$ 8,102
Exercisable as of December 31, 2018	3,317
Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	174
Total	$ 3,491
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Exercisable as of December 31, 2018	5 years 6 months
Expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	9 years
Total	7 years 3 months 18 days

Schedule of Range of Exercise P

Schedule of Range of Exercise Prices per Share (Detail) - Stock Option Awards shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018$ / sharesshares
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Shares, Stock Options Outstanding | shares	1,480
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Stock Options Outstanding	$ 137.16
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years), Stock Options Outstanding	7 years 3 months 18 days
117.85 - 120.00
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, minimum	$ 117.85
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, maximum	$ 120
Shares, Stock Options Outstanding | shares	23
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Stock Options Outstanding	$ 118.50
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years), Stock Options Outstanding	3 years 1 month 6 days
120.01 - 150.00
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, minimum	$ 120.01
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, maximum	$ 150
Shares, Stock Options Outstanding | shares	1,174
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Stock Options Outstanding	$ 126.66
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years), Stock Options Outstanding	7 years 7 months 6 days
150.01 - 180.00
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, minimum	$ 150.01
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, maximum	$ 180
Shares, Stock Options Outstanding | shares	121
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Stock Options Outstanding	$ 168.44
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years), Stock Options Outstanding	5 years 9 months 18 days
180.01 - 201.25
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, minimum	$ 180.01
Range of Exercise Prices per Share, maximum	$ 201.25
Shares, Stock Options Outstanding | shares	162
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Stock Options Outstanding	$ 192.40
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years), Stock Options Outstanding	7 years 3 months 18 days

Assumptions Used in Black-Schol

Assumptions Used in Black-Scholes Pricing Model (Detail) - Stock Option Awards	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term of options in years	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days
Expected volatility			38.50%
Expected volatility, minimum	33.70%	37.40%
Expected volatility, maximum	35.50%	37.80%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	2.70%	1.90%	1.40%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	2.90%	2.30%	1.60%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Computation of Basic and Dilute

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended																12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018		Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Loss Per Share [Line Items]
Net income	$ 3,301		$ 12,699		$ 4,828		$ 1,673		$ (25,499)		$ 18,184		$ 9,953		$ 15,557		$ 22,501		$ 18,195		$ 92,239
Total weighted average common stock shares outstanding																	11,375		11,444		11,425
Employee stock options																	37		103		91
Adjusted weighted average shares																	11,412		11,547		11,516
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share	$ 0.30	[1]	$ 1.11	[1]	$ 0.42	[1]	$ 0.15	[1]	$ (2.23)	[1]	$ 1.59	[1]	$ 0.87	[1]	$ 1.36	[1]	$ 1.98	[1],[2]	$ 1.59	[1],[2]	$ 8.07	[2]
Diluted earnings per share	$ 0.30	[1]	$ 1.10	[1]	$ 0.42	[1]	$ 0.15	[1]	$ (2.23)	[1]	$ 1.58	[1]	$ 0.86	[1]	$ 1.34	[1]	$ 1.97	[1],[2]	$ 1.58	[1],[2]	$ 8.01	[2]
Class A
Earnings Loss Per Share [Line Items]
Net income																	$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Total weighted average common stock shares outstanding																	9,340		9,409		9,390
Class B Convertible
Earnings Loss Per Share [Line Items]
Net income																	$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Total weighted average common stock shares outstanding																	2,035		2,035		2,035
[1]	The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.
[2]	Basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same.

Basic and Diluted Earnings pe_3

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share - Additional Information (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Class A | 2013 Plan
Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Shares issuable under stock options excluded from calculation of diluted earnings per share	896,000	398,000	391,000

Treasury Stock - Additional Inf

Treasury Stock - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value	$ 110,977,000
Treasury stock, shares	7,285,000	6,405,000
Treasury stock, cost	$ 586,161,000	$ 475,184,000
Class A
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased	0
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value	$ 0
Class A | 2005 Share Repurchase Program
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Shares repurchased program expiration date	Apr. 29, 2023
Stock authorized to repurchase by board of directors	$ 800,000,000
Treasury stock, shares repurchased	880,667	0	0
Shares repurchased, average price per share	$ 126.02
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value	$ 111,000,000
Treasury stock, shares	4,707,614
Shares repurchased, average price per share	$ 96.92
Treasury stock, cost	$ 456,300,000

Employee Benefit Plan - Additio

Employee Benefit Plan - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Maximum employee contribution to 401k		50.00%
Employer matching contribution percent for plan participant		50.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Sponsor Location [Extensible List]		country:US
Defined Contribution Plan, Tax Status [Extensible List]		us-gaap:QualifiedPlanMember
Maximum contribution by participant that employer will match at 50%		6.00%
Maximum annual contribution by employer		$ 3,000
Employer contribution to the plan		$ 2,400,000	$ 2,100,000	$ 1,900,000
Subsequent Event
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Employer matching contribution percent for plan participant	50.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Sponsor Location [Extensible List]	country:US
Defined Contribution Plan, Tax Status [Extensible List]	us-gaap:QualifiedPlanMember
Maximum contribution by participant that employer will match at 50%	12.00%
Maximum annual contribution by employer	$ 5,000

Segment Information - Additiona

Segment Information - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018CustomerSegmentCountry	Dec. 31, 2017CustomerCountry	Dec. 31, 2016CustomerCountry
Segment Reporting Information
Number of operating segments | Segment	1
Geographic Concentration Risk
Segment Reporting Information
Number Of Individual Country accounted for 10% or more of total revenues	0	0	0
Number Of Individual country accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated assets	0	0
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales Revenue, Goods, Net
Segment Reporting Information
Number Of Individual Customer accounted for 10% or more of total consolidated revenues | Customer	0	0	0

Total Revenues Gross Profit and

Total Revenues Gross Profit and Long Lived Assets Excluding Long Term Deferred Tax Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Total revenues									$ 497,638	$ 503,843	$ 513,589
Gross profit	$ 106,032	$ 98,763	$ 95,562	$ 97,782	$ 111,628	$ 101,621	$ 94,845	$ 99,100	398,139	407,194	420,442
Long-lived assets	60,053				63,269				60,053	63,269
Domestic
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Total revenues									287,258	293,251	312,400
Gross profit									228,310	234,266	254,662
Long-lived assets	49,611				55,355				49,611	55,355
EMEA
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Total revenues									156,706	154,716	149,792
Gross profit									126,315	126,296	122,235
Long-lived assets	5,931				5,626				5,931	5,626
Other Regions
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Total revenues									53,674	55,876	51,397
Gross profit									43,514	46,632	$ 43,545
Long-lived assets	$ 4,511				$ 2,288				$ 4,511	$ 2,288

Selected Quarterly Financial _3

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Estimated one-time tax provision		$ 44		$ 44
Provision for transition tax		40.3	$ 37.2	40.3
Tax provision charge related to re-measurement of net deferred tax assets		$ 3.7		$ 3.7
Measurement period adjustment to reduce transition tax	$ 3.1		$ 3.1

Selected Quarterly Financial _4

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended																12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018		Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 131,917		$ 122,152		$ 120,602		$ 122,967		$ 136,381		$ 126,010		$ 119,220		$ 122,232		$ 497,638		$ 503,843		$ 513,589
Gross profit	106,032		98,763		95,562		97,782		111,628		101,621		94,845		99,100		398,139		407,194		420,442
Net income (loss)	$ 3,301		$ 12,699		$ 4,828		$ 1,673		$ (25,499)		$ 18,184		$ 9,953		$ 15,557		$ 22,501		$ 18,195		$ 92,239
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	$ 0.30	[1]	$ 1.11	[1]	$ 0.42	[1]	$ 0.15	[1]	$ (2.23)	[1]	$ 1.59	[1]	$ 0.87	[1]	$ 1.36	[1]	$ 1.98	[1],[2]	$ 1.59	[1],[2]	$ 8.07	[2]
Diluted	$ 0.30	[1]	$ 1.10	[1]	$ 0.42	[1]	$ 0.15	[1]	$ (2.23)	[1]	$ 1.58	[1]	$ 0.86	[1]	$ 1.34	[1]	$ 1.97	[1],[2]	$ 1.58	[1],[2]	$ 8.01	[2]
[1]	The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the four quarters may differ from annual earnings per share as the weighted-average shares outstanding are computed independently for each of the quarters presented.
[2]	Basic and fully diluted earnings per share for class A and class B common stock are the same.

Subsequent Events - Additional

Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	Jan. 01, 2019	Feb. 11, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value			$ 110,977
Class A
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased			0
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value			$ 0
Class A | 2005 Share Repurchase Program
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased			880,667	0	0
Shares repurchased, average price per share			$ 126.02
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value			$ 111,000
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan name	401(k)
Subsequent Event | Class A | 2005 Share Repurchase Program
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Treasury stock, shares repurchased		314,774
Shares repurchased, average price per share		$ 132.01
Treasury stock, shares repurchased value		$ 41,600

Valuation And Qualifying Accoun

Valuation And Qualifying Accounts (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items]
Balance at the beginning of the period		$ 4,190	$ 3,181	$ 3,825
Additions	[1]	1,912	2,269	224
Deduction		(613)	(1,260)	(868)
Balance at the end of the period		5,489	4,190	3,181
Valuation Allowance of Deferred Tax Assets
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items]
Balance at the beginning of the period		1,015	832	1,984
Additions	[1]	492	183	20
Deduction		0	0	(1,172)
Balance at the end of the period		$ 1,507	$ 1,015	$ 832
[1]	Reductions in/charges to revenues and expenses.