Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements Changes to accounting principles are established by the FASB in the form of ASUs to the FASB’s Codification. We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or presentation thereof. Described below are ASUs that are not yet effective, but may be applicable to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or presentation thereof. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to not be applicable to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or presentation thereof. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-03, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 2016-01 In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, held-to-maturity available-for-sale 2016-13, 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses 2016-13. 2018-19 2016-13. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments 2016-13. 2019-05, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) 2016-13. |
Revenue Recognition | We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606, “ Revenue from Contracts with Customers” Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and, (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, published credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. Identification of the performance obligations in the contract Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the goods or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from us, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. When a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, we apply judgment to determine whether the promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and are distinct within the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation. Determination of the transaction price The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we will be entitled to receive in exchange for transferring goods or services to our customer. We estimate any variable consideration included in the transaction price using the expected value method that requires the use of significant estimates for discounts, cancellation periods, refunds and returns. Variable consideration is described in detail below. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative Stand-Alone Selling Price (“SSP,”) basis. We determine SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation would be sold separately. If the SSP is not observable, we estimate the SSP based on available information, including market conditions and any applicable internally approved pricing guidelines. Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation We recognize revenue at the point in time that the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised goods or services to our customer. A summary of our principal sources of revenue is as follows: Block Programming . 1 2 50-minutes categories, National, Local and Infomercial revenue. Our stations are classified by format, including Christian Teaching and Talk, News Talk, Contemporary Christian Music, Spanish Language Christian Teaching and Talk and Business. National and local programming content is complementary to our station format while infomercials are closely associated with long-form advertisements. Block Programming revenue may include variable consideration for charities and programmers that purchase blocks of airtime to generate donations and contributions from our audience. Block programming revenue is recognized at the time of broadcast, which represents the point in time that control is transferred to the customer thereby completing our performance obligation. Programming revenue is recorded on a gross basis unless an agency represents the programmer, in which case, revenue is reported net of the commission retained by the agency. Spot Advertising Network Revenue . Digital Advertising. Broadcast digital advertising revenue consists of local digital advertising, such as the sale of banner advertisements on our owned and operated websites, the sale of advertisements on our own and operated mobile applications, and advertisements in digital newsletters that we produce, as well an national digital advertising, or the sale of custom digital advertising solutions, such as web pages and social media campaigns, that we offer to our customers. Advertising revenue is recorded on a gross basis unless an agency represents the advertiser, in which case, revenue is reported net of the commission retained by the agency. Salem Surround, our national multimedia advertising agency, offers a comprehensive suite of digital marketing services to develop and execute audience-based marketing strategies for clients on both the national and local level. Salem Surround specializes in digital marketing services for each of our radio stations and websites as well as provides a full-service digital marketing strategy for each of our clients. In our role as a digital agency, our sales team provides our customers with integrated digital advertising solutions that optimize the performance of their campaign, which we view as one performance obligation. Our advertising campaigns are designed to be “white label” agreements between Salem and our advertiser, meaning we provide special care and attention to the details of the campaign. We provide custom digital product offerings, including tools for metasearch, retargeting, website design, reputation management, online listing services, and social media marketing. Digital advertising solutions may include third-party websites, such as Google or Facebook, which can be included in a digital advertising social media campaign. We manage all aspects of the digital campaign, including social media placements, review and approval of target audiences, and the monitoring of actual results to make modifications as needed. We may contract directly with a third-party, however, we are responsible for delivering the campaign results to our customer with or without the third-party. We are responsible for any payments due to the third-party regardless of the campaign results and without regard to the status of payment from our customer. We have discretion in setting the price to our customer without input or approval from the third-party. Accordingly, revenue is reported gross, as principal, as the performance obligation is delivered, which represents the point in time that control is transferred to the customer thereby completing our performance obligation. Digital Streaming Digital Downloads and e-books e-books. Subscriptions on-air - pro-rata Book Sales e-Commerce E-Commerce re-saleable Self-Publishing Fees - Revenue is recognized upon completion of each performance obligation, which represents the point in time that control of the product is transferred to the author, thereby completing our performance obligation. Revenue is recorded at the net amount due from the author, including discounts based on the service package. Advertising—Print Other Revenues . on-air Trade and Barter Transactions In broadcasting, trade or barter agreements are commonly used to reduce cash expenses by exchanging advertising time for goods or services. We may enter barter agreements to exchange airtime or digital advertising for goods or services that can be used in our business or that can be sold to our audience under Listener Purchase Programs. The terms of these barter agreements permit us to preempt the barter airtime or digital campaign in favor of customers who purchase the airtime or digital campaign for cash. The value of these non-cash Trade and barter revenues and expenses were as follows: Three Months March 31, 2019 2020 Net broadcast barter revenue $ 1,299 $ 1,166 Net digital media barter revenue — — Net publishing barter revenue 11 26 Net broadcast barter expense $ 1,356 $ 1,034 Net digital media barter expense — — Net publishing barter expense — — Contract Assets Contract Assets—Costs to Obtain a Contract: Contract Liabilities Contract liabilities consist of customer advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. We may receive payments from our customers in advance of completing our performance obligations. Additionally, new customers, existing customers without approved credit terms and authors purchasing specific self-publishing services, are required to make payments in advance of the delivery of the products or performance of the services. We record contract liabilities equal to the amount of payments received in excess of revenue recognized, including payments that are refundable if the customer cancels the contract according to the contract terms. Contract liabilities were historically recorded under the caption “deferred revenue” and are reported as current liabilities on our consolidated financial statements when the time to fulfill the performance obligations under terms of our contracts is less than one year. Long-term contract liabilities represent the amount of payments received in excess of revenue earned, including those that are refundable, when the time to fulfill the performance obligation is greater than one year. Our long-term liabilities consist of subscriptions with a term of two-years Significant changes in our contract liabilities balances during the period are as follows: Short-Term Long-Term (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of period January 1, 2020 $ 9,493 $ 1,744 Revenue recognized during the period that was included in the beginning balance of contract liabilities (3,042 ) — Additional amounts recognized during the period 5,196 287 Revenue recognized during the period that was recorded during the period (2,308 ) — Transfers 291 (291 ) Balance, end of period March 31, 2020 $ 9,630 $ 1,740 Amount refundable at beginning of period $ 9,403 $ 1,744 Amount refundable at end of period $ 9,541 $ 1,740 We expect to satisfy these performance obligations as follows: Amount For the Twelve Months Ended March 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 $ 9,630 2022 998 2023 378 2024 173 2025 75 Thereafter 116 $ 11,370 The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by revenue source for each of our operating segments: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Broadcast Digital Media Publishing Consolidated (dollars in thousands) By Source of Revenue: Block Programming - National $ 12,034 $ — $ — $ 12,034 Block Programming - Local 6,808 — — 6,808 Spot Advertising - National 3,957 — — 3,957 Spot Advertising - Local 11,357 — — 11,357 Infomercials 308 — — 308 Network 4,388 — — 4,388 Digital Advertising 3,326 4,713 99 8,138 Digital Streaming 608 915 — 1,523 Digital Downloads and eBooks — 1,245 254 1,499 Subscriptions 282 2,135 177 2,594 Book Sales and e-commerce, 76 28 1,723 1,827 Self-Publishing Fees — — 1,402 1,402 Print Advertising 1 — 102 103 Other Revenues 2,035 68 209 2,312 $ 45,180 $ 9,104 $ 3,966 $ 58,250 Timing of Revenue Recognition Point in Time $ 44,563 $ 9,104 $ 3,966 $ 57,633 Rental Income (1) 617 — — 617 $ 45,180 $ 9,104 $ 3,966 $ 58,250 Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Broadcast Digital Media Publishing Consolidated (dollars in thousands) By Source of Revenue: Block Programming - National $ 12,233 $ — $ — $ 12,233 Block Programming - Local 7,910 — — 7,910 Spot Advertising - National 3,900 — — 3,900 Spot Advertising - Local 12,062 — — 12,062 Infomercials 390 — — 390 Network 4,306 — — 4,306 Digital Advertising 2,352 5,317 85 7,754 Digital Streaming 161 1,011 — 1,172 Digital Downloads and eBooks — 1,275 162 1,437 Subscriptions 274 2,084 201 2,559 Book Sales and e-commerce, 37 410 1,841 2,288 Self-Publishing Fees — — 1,477 1,477 Print Advertising 2 — 135 137 Other Revenues 2,466 143 235 2,844 $ 46,093 $ 10,240 $ 4,136 $ 60,469 Timing of Revenue Recognition Point in Time $ 45,472 $ 10,225 $ 4,136 $ 59,833 Rental Income (1) 621 15 — 636 $ 46,093 $ 10,240 $ 4,136 $ 60,469 (1) Rental income is not applicable to ASC Topic 606, but shown for the purpose of identifying each revenue source presented in total revenue on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements within this report on Form 10-Q. Principal versus Agent Considerations When another party is involved in providing goods or services to our customer, we apply the principal versus agent guidance in ASC 606 to determine if we are the principal or an agent to the transaction. When we control the specified goods or services before they are transferred to our customer, we report revenue gross, as principal. If we do not control the goods or services before they are transferred to our customer, revenue is reported net of the fees paid to the other party, as agent. Our evaluation to determine if we control the goods or services within ASC 606 includes the following indicators: We are primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified good or service. When we are primarily responsible for providing the goods and services, such as when the other party is acting on our behalf, we have indication that we are the principal to the transaction. We consider if we may terminate our relationship with the other party at any time without penalty or without permission from our customer. We have inventory risk before the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer or after transfer of control to the customer. We may commit to obtaining the services of another party with or without an existing contract with our customer. In these situations, we have risk of loss as principal for any amount due to the other party regardless of the amount(s) we earn as revenue from our customer. The entity has discretion in establishing the price for the specified good or service. We have discretion in establishing the price our customer pays for the specified goods or services. Significant Financing Component The length of our typical sales agreement is less than 12 months; however, we may sell subscriptions with a two-year Our self-publishing contracts may exceed a one - Variable Consideration Like We enter into agreements under which the amount of revenue we earn is contingent upon the amount of money raised by our customer over the contract term. Our customer is typically a charity or programmer that purchases blocks of programming time or spots to generate revenue from our audience members. Contract terms can range from a few weeks to a few months, depending the charity or programmer. If the campaign does not generate a pre-determined Based on the constraints for using estimates of variable consideration within ASC 606, and our historical experience with these campaigns, we will continue to recognize revenue at the base amount of the campaign with variable consideration recognized when the uncertainty of each campaign is resolved. These constraints include: (1) the amount of consideration received is highly susceptible to factors outside of our influence, specifically the extent to which our audience donates or contributes to our customer or programmer, (2) the length of time in which the uncertainty about the amount of consideration expected is to be resolved, and (3) our experience has shown these contracts have a large number and broad range of possible outcomes. Practical Expedients and Exemptions We elected certain practical expedients and policy elections as follows: • We do not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the period between transfer of product and customer payment is expected to be less than one year at the time of contract inception; • We do not assess promised goods or services as performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer; • We exclude sales and similar taxes from the transaction price; • We treat shipping and handling costs that occur after control transfers as fulfillment activities instead of assessing such activities as separate performance obligations; and • We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. |