LOANS AND LEASES | 3. LOANS AND LEASES Loans outstanding, excluding those held for sale, by general ledger classification, as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, consisted of the following: % of % of June 30, Totals December 31, Total (Dollars in thousands) 2024 Loans 2023 Loans Residential mortgage $ 578,829 11.00 % $ 578,327 10.65 % Multifamily mortgage 1,796,687 34.15 1,836,390 33.82 Commercial mortgage 600,859 11.42 637,625 11.74 Commercial loans (including equipment financing) 2,155,594 40.97 2,260,524 41.64 Commercial construction 22,157 0.42 17,721 0.33 Home equity lines of credit 37,117 0.71 36,464 0.67 Consumer loans, including fixed rate home equity loans 69,579 1.32 62,036 1.14 Other loans 172 0.01 238 0.01 Total loans $ 5,260,994 100.00 % $ 5,429,325 100.00 % In determining an appropriate amount for the allowance, the Bank segments and aggregated the loan portfolio based on common characteristics. The following pool segments identified as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are based on the CECL methodology: % of % of June 30, Totals December 31, Total (Dollars in thousands) 2024 Loans 2023 Loans Primary residential mortgage $ 584,645 11.12 % $ 585,126 10.78 % Junior lien loan on residence 40,444 0.77 40,203 0.74 Multifamily property 1,796,687 34.17 1,836,390 33.85 Owner-occupied commercial real estate 256,035 4.87 255,110 4.70 Investment commercial real estate 1,012,489 19.25 1,061,197 19.56 Commercial and industrial 1,244,905 23.67 1,314,781 24.23 Lease financing 228,894 4.35 251,423 4.63 Construction 22,643 0.43 17,987 0.33 Consumer and other 71,789 1.37 63,906 1.18 Total loans 5,258,531 100.00 % 5,426,123 100.00 % Net deferred costs 2,463 3,202 Total loans including net deferred costs $ 5,260,994 $ 5,429,325 The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due 90 days or over still on accrual by class of loans as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023: June 30, 2024 Nonaccrual Loans Past Due With No 90 Days or Over Allowance And Still (In thousands) for Credit Loss Nonaccrual Accruing Interest Primary residential mortgage $ 1,521 $ 2,112 $ — Junior lien loan on residence 98 98 — Multifamily property 20,225 33,558 — Investment commercial real estate — 11,748 — Commercial and industrial 6,036 30,684 — Lease financing 3,003 3,871 — Consumer and other 4 4 — Total $ 30,887 $ 82,075 $ — December 31, 2023 Nonaccrual Loans Past Due With No 90 Days or Over Allowance And Still (In thousands) for Credit Loss Nonaccrual Accruing Interest Primary residential mortgage $ 1,263 $ 1,263 $ — Junior lien loan on residence 100 100 — Multifamily property 16,645 16,645 — Investment commercial real estate 9,881 9,881 — Commercial and industrial 3,965 31,430 — Lease financing 946 2,002 — Consumer and other 3 3 — Total $ 32,803 $ 61,324 $ — The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 by class of loans, excluding nonaccrual loans: June 30, 2024 30-59 60-89 90 Days or Days Days Greater Total (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Primary residential mortgage $ 1,774 $ 97 $ — $ 1,871 Junior lien loan on residence 417 — — 417 Multifamily property 13,571 — — 13,571 Investment commercial real estate — 17,326 — 17,326 Commercial and industrial 943 435 — 1,378 Lease financing — 151 — 151 Total $ 16,705 $ 18,009 $ — $ 34,714 December 31, 2023 30-59 60-89 90 Days or Days Days Greater Total (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Primary residential mortgage $ 2,448 $ 1,061 $ — $ 3,509 Junior lien on residence 84 — — 84 Multifamily property 11,814 — — 11,814 Commercial and industrial 7,297 11,498 — 18,795 Consumer and other 387 — — 387 Total $ 22,030 $ 12,559 $ — $ 34,589 Credit Quality Indicators: The Company places all commercial loans into various credit risk rating categories based on an assessment of the expected ability of the borrowers to properly service their debt. The assessment considers numerous factors including, but not limited to, current financial information on the borrower, historical payment experience, strength of any guarantor, nature of and value of any collateral, acceptability of the loan structure and documentation, relevant public information and current economic trends. This credit risk rating analysis is performed when the loan is initially underwritten and then annually based on set criteria in the loan policy. In addition, the Bank has engaged an independent loan review firm to validate risk ratings and to ensure compliance with our policies and procedures. This review of the following types of loans is performed quarterly: • A large sample of relationships or new lending to existing relationships greater than $ 1,000,000 booked since the prior review; • All criticized and classified rated borrowers with relationship exposure of more than $ 500,000 ; • A large sample of Pass-rated (including Pass Watch) borrowers with total relationships in excess of $ 1,000,000 and a small sample of Pass related relationships less than $ 1,000,000 ; • All leveraged loans of $ 1,000,000 or greater; • At least two borrowing relationships managed by each commercial banker; • Any new Federal Reserve Board Regulation O loan commitments over $ 1,000,000 ; and • Any other credits requested by Bank senior management or a member of the Board of Directors and any borrower for which the reviewer determines a review is warranted based upon knowledge of the portfolio, local events, industry stresses, etc. The review excludes borrowers with commitments of less than $ 500,000 . The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for criticized and classified risk ratings: Special Mention: These loans have a potential weakness that deserves Management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loans or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. Substandard: These loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful: These loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above-described process are considered to be pass-rated loans. With the adoption of CECL, loans that are in the process of or expected to be in foreclosure are deemed to be collateral dependent with respect to measuring potential loss and allowance adequacy and are individually evaluated by Management. Loans that do not share common risk characteristics are also evaluated on an individual basis. All other loans are evaluated using a non-linear discounted cash flow methodology for measuring potential loss and allowance adequacy. The following is a summary of the credit risk profile of loans by internally assigned grade as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 based on originations for the periods indicated; the years represent the year of origination for non-revolving loans: Grade as of June 30, 2024 for Loans Originated During 2019 Revolving- (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 and Prior Revolving Term Total Primary residential mortgage: Pass $ 25,736 $ 92,920 $ 112,096 $ 77,156 $ 54,479 $ 213,434 $ — $ 5,698 $ 581,519 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 591 — — 458 2,077 — — 3,126 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total primary residential mortgages 25,736 93,511 112,096 77,156 54,937 215,511 — 5,698 584,645 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Junior lien loan on residence: Pass — 838 1,224 114 — 1,153 29,885 7,132 40,346 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 97 1 98 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total junior lien loan on residence — 838 1,224 114 — 1,153 29,982 7,133 40,444 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Multifamily property: Pass 6,223 51,871 457,492 601,510 118,653 462,454 8,802 — 1,707,005 Special mention — — 3,423 28,507 — 13,296 — — 45,226 Substandard — — 13,366 — — 31,090 — — 44,456 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily property 6,223 51,871 474,281 630,017 118,653 506,840 8,802 — 1,796,687 Current period gross charge-offs — — — 2,088 — 3,291 — — 5,379 Owner-occupied commercial real estate: Pass 5,777 4,267 23,218 44,214 19,217 126,927 19,355 10,543 253,518 Special mention — — — 1,173 — 1,344 — — 2,517 Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total owner-occupied commercial real estate 5,777 4,267 23,218 45,387 19,217 128,271 19,355 10,543 256,035 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Investment commercial real estate: Pass 22,551 124,748 171,432 139,203 56,965 390,223 21,904 17,035 944,061 Special mention — — — — — 42,681 — 14,000 56,681 Substandard — — 9,818 — — 1,929 — — 11,747 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total investment commercial real estate 22,551 124,748 181,250 139,203 56,965 434,833 21,904 31,035 1,012,489 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Commercial and industrial: Pass 93,904 157,772 179,978 150,176 18,288 26,898 501,899 14,614 1,143,529 Special mention — — 11,083 12,006 — 1,705 11,405 168 36,367 Substandard 12,250 2,035 20,260 1,729 2,059 3,294 20,673 2,709 65,009 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial 106,154 159,807 211,321 163,911 20,347 31,897 533,977 17,491 1,244,905 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — 241 — — — 241 Grade as of June 30, 2024 for Loans Originated During 2019 Revolving- (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 and Prior Revolving Term Total Lease financing: Pass 10,288 47,300 47,614 56,211 29,774 33,836 — — 225,023 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 868 — — — 3,003 — — 3,871 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total lease financing 10,288 48,168 47,614 56,211 29,774 36,839 — — 228,894 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Construction: Pass — — — — — — 22,643 — 22,643 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction loans — — — — — — 22,643 — 22,643 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Consumer and other loans: Pass 22,717 3,062 — 259 140 3,678 35,442 6,487 71,785 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 4 — 4 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer and other loans 22,717 3,062 — 259 140 3,678 35,446 6,487 71,789 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — 2 — 15 17 Total: Pass 187,196 482,778 993,054 1,068,843 297,516 1,258,603 639,930 61,509 4,989,429 Special mention — — 14,506 41,686 — 59,026 11,405 14,168 140,791 Substandard 12,250 3,494 43,444 1,729 2,517 41,393 20,774 2,710 128,311 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Loans $ 199,446 $ 486,272 $ 1,051,004 $ 1,112,258 $ 300,033 $ 1,359,022 $ 672,109 $ 78,387 $ 5,258,531 Total Current Period Gross Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 2,088 $ 241 $ 3,293 $ — $ 15 $ 5,637 Grade as of December 31, 2023 for Loans Originated During 2018 Revolving- (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 and Prior Revolving Term Total Primary residential mortgage: Pass $ 94,688 $ 114,532 $ 80,175 $ 56,191 $ 35,418 $ 196,251 $ — $ 5,535 $ 582,790 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 473 935 928 — — 2,336 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total primary residential mortgages 94,688 114,532 80,175 56,664 36,353 197,179 — 5,535 585,126 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Junior lien loan on residence: Pass 872 1,394 135 — 530 808 29,620 6,680 40,039 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 163 1 164 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total junior lien loan on residence 872 1,394 135 — 530 808 29,783 6,681 40,203 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Multifamily property: Pass 52,072 476,972 645,093 119,934 209,299 295,226 8,451 — 1,807,047 Special mention — — — — — 1,650 — — 1,650 Substandard — 1,572 7,491 — 10,370 8,260 — — 27,693 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily property 52,072 478,544 652,584 119,934 219,669 305,136 8,451 — 1,836,390 Current period gross charge-offs — — 2,223 — — — — — 2,223 Owner-occupied commercial real estate: Pass 4,333 23,590 39,563 19,457 11,788 126,430 17,559 10,731 253,451 Special mention — — 1,197 — — — 462 — 1,659 Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total owner-occupied commercial real estate 4,333 23,590 40,760 19,457 11,788 126,430 18,021 10,731 255,110 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Investment commercial real estate: Pass 125,568 173,660 150,026 57,811 144,447 314,411 30,124 13,379 1,009,426 Special mention — — — — 21,936 3,834 — 14,172 39,942 Substandard — 9,881 — — 1,948 — — — 11,829 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total investment commercial real estate 125,568 183,541 150,026 57,811 168,331 318,245 30,124 27,551 1,061,197 Current period gross charge-offs — 1,199 — — — — — — 1,199 Commercial and industrial: Pass 226,699 216,864 191,389 39,003 26,570 16,845 516,844 23,687 1,257,901 Special mention — — 758 — 1,161 190 14,232 194 16,535 Substandard 1,212 22,297 1,467 1,865 953 2,524 7,571 2,456 40,345 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial 227,911 239,161 193,614 40,868 28,684 19,559 538,647 26,337 1,314,781 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Lease financing: Pass 50,706 42,447 61,547 39,710 24,113 19,287 — — 237,810 Special mention — 9,631 511 — 1,375 94 — — 11,611 Substandard 1,056 — — — 946 — — — 2,002 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total lease financing 51,762 52,078 62,058 39,710 26,434 19,381 — — 251,423 Current period gross charge-offs — 4,800 — — — 794 — — 5,594 Construction: Pass — — — — — — 17,987 — 17,987 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction loans — — — — — — 17,987 — 17,987 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Consumer and other loans: Pass 3,934 — 301 158 — 4,141 51,788 3,581 63,903 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 3 — 3 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer and other loans 3,934 — 301 158 — 4,141 51,791 3,581 63,906 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — 139 — 139 Total: Pass 558,872 1,049,459 1,168,229 332,264 452,165 973,399 672,373 63,593 5,270,354 Special mention — 9,631 2,466 — 24,472 5,768 14,694 14,366 71,397 Substandard 2,268 33,750 8,958 2,338 15,152 11,712 7,737 2,457 84,372 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total Loans $ 561,140 $ 1,092,840 $ 1,179,653 $ 334,602 $ 491,789 $ 990,879 $ 694,804 $ 80,416 $ 5,426,123 Total Current Period Gross Charge-offs $ — $ 5,999 $ 2,223 $ — $ — $ 794 $ 139 $ — $ 9,155 At June 30, 2024, $ 81.7 million of substandard loans were individually evaluated, compared to $ 60.6 million at December 31, 2023. The increase in individually evaluated substandard loans was primarily due to six multifamily loans with a balance of $ 32.0 million that were graded as substandard during the six months of 2024, offset by the sale of two multifamily individually evaluated loans totaling $ 15.1 million. Loan Modifications: On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update 2022-02, which replaced the accounting and recognition of TDRs. The Company will provide modifications, which may include other than insignificant delays in payment of amounts due, extension of the terms of the notes or reduction in the interest rates on the notes. In certain instances, the Company may grant more than one type of modification. All accruing modified loans were paying in accordance with their modified terms as of June 30, 2024. The Company has not committed to lend additional amounts as of June 30, 2024 to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as modified loans. The following table provides information related to the modifications during the three months ended June 30, 2024 by pool segment and type of concession granted: Significant Payment Delay Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Primary residential mortgage $ 119 0.02 % Commercial and industrial 14,539 1.17 % Total $ 14,658 1.19 % The following tables provide information related to the modifications during the six months ended June 30, 2024 by pool segment and type of concession granted: Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Commercial and industrial $ 12,250 0.98 % Total $ 12,250 0.98 % Significant Payment Delay Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Primary residential mortgage $ 119 0.02 % Commercial and industrial 14,539 1.17 % Total $ 14,658 1.19 % The following table provides information related to the modifications during the three months ended June 30, 2023 by pool segment and type of concession granted: Interest Rate Reduction Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Commercial and industrial $ 777 0.06 % Total $ 777 0.06 % The following tables provide information related to the modifications during the six months ended June 30, 2023 by pool segment and type of concession granted: Significant Pay Delay Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Commercial and industrial $ 248 0.02 % Total $ 248 0.02 % Interest Rate Reduction Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 % of Total Amortized Class of Cost Basis Financing (Dollars in thousands) at Period End Receivable Commercial and industrial $ 777 0.06 % Total $ 777 0.06 % The following table depicts the payment status of the loans that were modified to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties on or after January 1, 2023, the date we adopted ASU 2022-02, through June 30, 2024: Payment Status at June 30, 2024 30-89 Days 90+ Days (Dollars in thousands) Current Past Due Past Due Primary residential mortgage $ 119 $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 26,788 2,863 248 Total $ 26,907 $ 2,863 $ 248 The following table presents loans by class modified that failed to comply with the modified terms in the twelve months following modification and resulted in a payment default at June 30, 2024: Amortized Cost Basis of Modified Loans That Subsequently Defaulted Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 Significant Interest (Dollars in thousands) Pay Delay Rate Reduction Commercial and industrial $ — $ 2,863 Total $ — $ 2,863 The following table presents loans by class modified that failed to comply with the modified terms in the twelve months following modification and resulted in a payment default at June 30, 2023: Amortized Cost Basis of Modified Loans That Subsequently Defaulted Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Significant Interest (Dollars in thousands) Pay Delay Rate Reduction Commercial and industrial $ 248 $ — Total $ 248 $ — |