LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT | 4. LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT The composition of the Company’s loans held for investment loan portfolio follows: June 30, December 31, 2023 2022 (in thousands) Manufactured housing $ 321,127 $ 315,825 Commercial real estate 559,677 545,317 Commercial 41,696 59,070 SBA 1,800 3,482 HELOC 2,556 2,613 Single family real estate 10,555 8,709 Consumer 614 107 Gross loans held for investment 938,025 935,123 Deferred fees, net (875 ) (787 ) Discount on SBA loans (26 ) (27 ) Loans held for investment 937,124 934,309 Allowance for credit losses (12,148 ) (10,765 ) Loans held for investment, net $ 924,976 $ 923,544 The following table presents the contractual aging of the recorded investment in past due held for investment loans by class of loans: June 30, 2023 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Over 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Total (in thousands) Manufactured housing $ 320,159 $ 447 $ 105 $ 416 $ 968 $ 321,127 Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate 483,250 2,439 — — 2,439 485,689 SBA 504 1st trust deed 12,453 — — — — 12,453 Land 10,480 — — — — 10,480 Construction 51,055 — — — — 51,055 Commercial 40,879 — — 817 817 41,696 SBA 1,710 89 — 1 90 1,800 HELOC 2,556 — — — — 2,556 Single family real estate 10,555 — — — — 10,555 Consumer 614 — — — — 614 Total $ 933,711 $ 2,975 $ 105 $ 1,234 $ 4,314 $ 938,025 December 31, 2022 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Over 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Total (in thousands) Manufactured housing $ 315,058 $ 665 $ 102 $ — $ 767 $ 315,825 Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate 481,599 1,160 — — 1,160 482,759 SBA 504 1st trust deed 12,947 — — — — 12,947 Land 11,237 — — — — 11,237 Construction 38,374 — — — — 38,374 Commercial 59,070 — — — — 59,070 SBA 2,529 953 — — 953 3,482 HELOC 2,613 — — — — 2,613 Single family real estate 8,709 — — — — 8,709 Consumer 107 — — — — 107 Total $ 932,243 $ 2,778 $ 102 $ — $ 2,880 $ 935,123 The following table presents the composition of nonaccrual loans as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022 June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 With an ACL Without an ACL Total Nonaccrual With an Allowance Without an Allowance Total Nonaccrual (in thousands) Manufactured housing $ — $ 748 $ 748 $ — $ 61 $ 61 Commercial — 817 817 — — — Single family real estate — 144 144 — 150 150 Total $ — $ 1,709 $ 1,709 $ — $ 211 $ 211 There were $1 thousand of loans past due by 90 days or more that were not on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2023. There were no loans past due by 90 days or more that were not on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2022. The accrual of interest is discontinued when substantial doubt exists as to collectability of the loan; generally, at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent. Any unpaid but accrued interest is reversed from interest income at that time. Thereafter, interest income is no longer recognized on the loan. Interest income may be recognized on impaired loans to the extent they are not past due by 90 days. Interest on nonaccrual loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, was $40 thousand and $10 thousand, respectively. Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, was $180 thousand and $23 thousand, respectively. Accrued interest receivable related to loans was $5.3 million and $5.1 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Accrued interest receivable is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Allowance for Credit Losses The Company adopted CECL on January 1, 2023. As discussed further in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the Company uses the WARM method as the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses under CECL. The calculation of the ACL is adjusted using qualitative factors for current conditions and for reasonable and supportable forecast periods. Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans in the portfolio are individually evaluated for a required ACL and are not included in the collective evaluation. Expected credit losses for loans evaluated individually are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, when the Company determines that foreclosure is probable, the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less estimated selling costs. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the allowance for credit losses increased by $83 thousand to $12.1 million. This increase in the required ACL during the quarter was primarily due to a $107 thousand increase in qualitative factors. During the quarter, the Company increased the weighting of the qualitative factor related to substandard loans in the overall evaluation of total qualitative factors because of the positive correlation between the level of substandard assets and the amount of anticipated loan losses. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $27 thousand in the ACL due to an improvement in historical loss factors on which management’s methodology is based. During the six months ended June 30, 20 23 allowance for credit losses This decrease in allowance for credit losses during the six months ended June 30, 2023 (after the adjustment for the adoption of ASC 326) was primarily due to a reduction in the qualitative factor related to the percentage of the state of California that was experiencing a drought. In addition, the allowance for credit losses also declined due to a reduction in the portion of the allowance derived from historical losses. Offsetting these decreases was an increase in the qualitative factor related to substandard loans, discussed above. The following tables summarize the changes in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio type. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, the allowance for loan losses was determined in accordance with ASC 450 and ASC 310. For the Three Months Ended June 30, Manufactured Housing Commercial Real Estate Commercial SBA HELOC Single Family Real Estate Consumer Total 2023 (in thousands) Beginning balance $ 5,482 $ 5,817 $ 562 $ 5 $ 42 $ 155 $ 2 $ 12,065 Charge-offs — — — — — — — — Recoveries 7 20 10 61 — — — 98 Net recoveries 7 20 10 61 — — — 98 Provision (credit) for loan losses 30 59 (57 ) (61 ) (1 ) 16 (1 ) (15 ) Ending balance $ 5,519 $ 5,896 $ 515 $ 5 $ 41 $ 171 $ 1 $ 12,148 2022 Beginning balance $ 3,758 $ 6,046 $ 580 $ 22 $ 35 $ 105 $ 1 $ 10,547 Charge-offs — — — — — — — — Recoveries 28 21 3 11 4 — — 67 Net recoveries 28 21 3 11 4 — — 67 Provision (credit) for loan losses 190 53 11 (10 ) (2 ) 10 — 252 Ending balance $ 3,976 $ 6,120 $ 594 $ 23 $ 37 $ 115 $ 1 $ 10,866 For the Six Months Ended June 30, Manufactured Housing Commercial Real Estate Commercial SBA HELOC Single Family Real Estate Consumer Total 2023 (in thousands) Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASC 326 $ 3,879 $ 5,980 $ 747 $ 21 $ 27 $ 107 $ 4 $ 10,765 Impact of adoption of ASC 326 1,671 31 70 (15 ) 17 39 (2 ) 1,811 Charge-offs — — — — — — — — Recoveries 66 39 24 65 — — — 194 Net recoveries 66 39 24 65 — — — 194 Provision (credit) for loan losses (97 ) (154 ) (326 ) (66 ) (3 ) 25 (1 ) (622 ) Ending balance $ 5,519 $ 5,896 $ 515 $ 5 $ 41 $ 171 $ 1 $ 12,148 2022 Beginning balance $ 2,606 $ 6,729 $ 923 $ 22 $ 18 $ 105 $ 1 $ 10,404 Charge-offs — — — — — — — — Recoveries 35 40 170 242 6 — 1 494 Net recoveries 35 40 170 242 6 — 1 494 Provision (credit) for loan losses 1,335 (649 ) (499 ) (241 ) 13 10 (1 ) (32 ) Ending balance $ 3,976 $ 6,120 $ 594 $ 23 $ 37 $ 115 $ 1 $ 10,866 As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an allowance for credit losses . Beginning on January 1, 2023, the Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the allowance for credit losses allowance for credit losses allowance for credit losses allowance for credit losses allowance for credit losses The following table presents the amortized cost basis and the associated allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for loans that were individually evaluated as of June 30, 2023: Manufactured Housing Commercial Real Estate Commercial SBA HELOC Single Family Real Estate Consumer Total Loans (in thousand s) Amortized Cost Basis: Individually evaluated loans with an allowance for credit losses recorded $ 579 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 579 Individually evaluated loans with no allowance for credit losses recorded 1,324 — 1,287 — — 144 — 2,755 Total individually evaluated loans 1,903 — 1,287 — — 144 — 3,334 Collectively evaluated loans 319,224 559,677 40,409 1,800 2,556 10,411 614 934,691 Total loans held for investment $ 321,127 $ 559,677 $ 41,696 $ 1,800 $ 2,556 $ 10,555 $ 614 $ 938,025 Allowance for Credit Losses: Individually evaluated loans $ 11 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 11 Collectively evaluated loans 5,508 5,896 515 5 41 171 1 12,137 Total allowance for credit losses $ 5,519 $ 5,896 $ 515 $ 5 $ 41 $ 171 $ 1 $ 12,148 Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, the Company classified loans as impaired when, based on current information and events, it was probable that the Company would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or it was determined that the likelihood of the Company receiving all scheduled payments, including interest, when due was remote. Credit losses on impaired loans were determined separately based on the guidance in ASC 310. Beginning January 1, 2023, the Company accounts for credit losses on all loans in accordance with ASC 326, which eliminates the concept of an impaired loan within the context of determining credit losses. The following table presents impairment method information related to loans and allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2022: Manufactured Housing Commercial Real Estate Commercial SBA HELOC Single Family Real Estate Consumer Total Loans (in thousands) Recorded Investment: Impaired loans with an allowance recorded $ 2,918 $ 209 $ 67 $ 41 $ — $ 208 $ — $ 3,443 Impaired loans with no allowance recorded 1,166 — 1,297 — — 151 — 2,614 Total loans individually evaluated for impairment 4,084 209 1,364 41 — 359 — 6,057 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 311,741 545,108 57,706 3,441 2,613 8,350 107 929,066 Total loans held for investment $ 315,825 $ 545,317 $ 59,070 $ 3,482 $ 2,613 $ 8,709 $ 107 $ 935,123 Related Allowance for Loan Losses Loans individually evaluated for impairment 157 18 — 1 — 8 — 184 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 3,722 5,962 747 20 27 99 4 10,581 Total allowance for loan losses $ 3,879 $ 5,980 $ 747 $ 21 $ 27 $ 107 $ 4 $ 10,765 The recorded investment in impaired loans approximated the unpaid balance of the loans as of December 31, 2022. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326, a valuation allowance was established for an impaired loan when the fair value of the loan was less than the recorded investment. In certain cases, portions of impaired loans were charged-off to realizable value instead of establishing a valuation allowance and were included, when applicable in the table above as “Impaired loans without specific valuation allowance.” The valuation allowance disclosed above is included in the allowance for loan losses reported in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loans and by collateral type as of the dates indicated Manufactured Homes Single Family Residence Land Machinery & Equipment Total June 30, 2023 (in thousands) Manufactured housing $ 1,141 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,141 Commercial — — 82 1,205 1,287 Single family real estate — 144 — — 144 Total $ 1,141 $ 144 $ 82 $ 1,205 $ 2,572 Manufactured Homes Single Family Residence Land Machinery & Equipment Total December 31, 2022 (in thousand s) Manufactured housing $ 574 $ — $ — $ — $ 574 Commercial — — — 1,297 1,297 Single family real estate — 150 — — 150 Total $ 574 $ 150 $ — $ 1,297 $ 2,021 There was no associated allowance for credit losses (or allowance for loan losses prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023) for collateral dependent loans as of June 30, 2023, or December 31, 2022. The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem loans. Loan ratings are reviewed as part of the Company’s normal loan monitoring process, but, at a minimum, updated on an annual basis. Under the Company’s risk rating system, the Company rates loans with potential problems as “Special Mention,” “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” and “Loss”. The following is a description of the characteristics of loan ratings. Special Mention - A Special Mention loan has potential weaknesses that require management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Substandard - A Substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the full collection of amounts due. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the borrower’s deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful A loan classified Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans. Loss Loans classified Loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable loans is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this loan even though partial recovery may be realized in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they are considered uncollectible. Loans not meeting the criteria above are considered to be pass-rated loans. The following tables present the risk categories for gross loans by class of loans and by year of origination as of the dates indicated Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Total June 30, 2023 (in thousands) Manufactured housing: Pass $ 23,978 $ 59,114 $ 51,587 $ 48,332 $ 25,010 $ 111,182 $ — $ 319,203 Substandard — 298 102 220 — 1,304 — 1,924 Total 23,978 59,412 51,689 48,552 25,010 112,486 — 321,127 Commercial real estate: Pass 27,962 155,884 125,396 60,808 49,966 124,949 — 544,965 Special mention — — 467 215 4,165 1,020 — 5,867 Substandard — — 500 1,052 — 7,293 — 8,845 Total 27,962 155,884 126,363 62,075 54,131 133,262 — 559,677 Commercial: Pass 904 5,578 2,927 1,230 961 14,827 9,916 36,343 Special mention — — 2,072 — — — — 2,072 Substandard — — — — — 3,281 — 3,281 Total 904 5,578 4,999 1,230 961 18,108 9,916 41,696 SBA: Pass — — — — 225 — 1,533 1,758 Special mention — — — — — — 41 41 Doubtful — — — — — — 1 1 Total — — — — 225 — 1,575 1,800 HELOC: Pass — — — — — 2,556 — 2,556 Total — — — — — 2,556 — 2,556 Single family real estate: Pass 1,828 1,107 2,020 2,002 753 2,696 — 10,406 Substandard — — — — — 149 — 149 Total 1,828 1,107 2,020 2,002 753 2,845 — 10,555 Consumer: Pass 580 — — — — 34 — 614 Total 580 — — — — 34 — 614 Total loans $ 55,252 $ 221,981 $ 185,071 $ 113,859 $ 81,080 $ 269,291 $ 11,491 $ 938,025 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Total December 31, 2022 (in thousands) (Manufactured housing: Pass $ 62,591 $ 54,403 $ 51,158 $ 26,745 $ 25,768 $ 94,106 $ — $ 314,771 Substandard — — — — 121 933 — 1,054 Total 62,591 54,403 51,158 26,745 25,889 95,039 — 315,825 Commercial real estate: Pass 161,023 125,074 57,441 50,134 32,662 95,174 — 521,508 Special mention — — 10,092 4,206 1,033 — — 15,331 Substandard — — 1,056 — — 7,422 — 8,478 Total 161,023 125,074 68,589 54,340 33,695 102,596 — 545,317 Commercial: Pass 8,804 2,924 1,505 1,107 6,956 10,889 20,699 52,884 Special mention — 2,723 — — — — — 2,723 Substandard — — — — — 3,463 — 3,463 Total 8,804 5,647 1,505 1,107 6,956 14,352 20,699 59,070 SBA: Pass — 690 1,083 — — 1,709 — 3,482 Total — 690 1,083 — — 1,709 — 3,482 HELOC: Pass — — — — — — 2,613 2,613 Total — — — — — — 2,613 2,613 Single family real estate: Pass 817 2,187 2,028 761 364 2,398 — 8,555 Substandard — — — — 150 4 — 154 Total 817 2,187 2,028 761 514 2,402 — 8,709 Consumer: Pass 13 — — — — 94 — 107 Total 13 — — — — 94 — 107 Total loans $ 233,248 $ 188,001 $ 124,363 $ 82,953 $ 67,054 $ 216,192 $ 23,312 $ 935,123 There were no loans classified as “Loss” at June 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. Loan Modifications In certain instances, the Company may make modifications to the terms of loans to borrowers that are experiencing financial distress by providing a term extension, a payment deferral, a reduction of the contractual interest rate on the loan, or a partial forgiveness of principal (or a combination of these modifications). When principal forgiveness is provided to a borrower, the amount of forgiveness is charged off against the ACL . The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at June 30, 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and were modified during the six months ended June 30, 2023, by loan class and by type of modification; the only type of modification that was granted to borrowers that were experiencing financial difficulty during the six months ended June 30, 2023, was a term extension. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the total amortized cost basis of the loan class, as well as the financial effects of the modifications, is presented below. For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Amortized Cost of Modified Loans % of Total Class of Loans Term Extension (Weighted Average years) (dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 2,450 0.45 % 5.00 Commercial 1,201 2.03 % 0.55 Total $ 3,651 0.39 % 2.05 There were no loan modifications granted to borrowers that were experiencing financial distress during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The Company does not have any commitments to lend any additional amounts to the borrowers included in the previous table. All of the loans listed in the previous table were considered to be current as of June 30, 2023. Troubled Debt Restructured Loan (TDR) Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023, the Company, in infrequent situations would modify or restructure loans as a TDR. A TDR is a loan on which the Company, for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that the bank would not otherwise consider. The loan terms that have been modified or restructured due to a borrower’s financial situation include, but are not limited to, a reduction in the stated interest rate, an extension of the maturity or renewal of the loan at an interest rate below current market, a reduction in the face amount of the debt, a reduction in the accrued interest, extensions, deferrals, renewals, and rewrites. The majority of the Company’s modifications were extensions in terms or deferral of payments which result in no lost principal or interest followed by reductions in interest rates or accrued interest The total carrying amount of loans that were classified as TDRs at December 31, 2022, was $6.0 million; of these, $5.8 million were performing according to their modified terms. |