Document and Entity Information
Document and Entity Information - shares | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | May 01, 2021 | |
Document And Entity Information | ||
Document Type | 10-Q | |
Document Quarterly Report | true | |
Document Period End Date | Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Document Transition Report | false | |
Entity File Number | 000-24085 | |
Entity Registrant Name | AXT INC | |
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE | |
Entity Tax Identification Number | 94-3031310 | |
Entity Address, Address Line One | 4281 Technology Drive | |
Entity Address, City or Town | Fremont | |
Entity Address, State or Province | CA | |
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 94538 | |
City Area Code | 510 | |
Local Phone Number | 438-4700 | |
Title of 12(b) Security | Common Stock, $0.001 par value | |
Trading Symbol | AXTI | |
Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ | |
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | |
Entity Interactive Data Current | Yes | |
Entity Filer Category | Non-accelerated Filer | |
Entity Small Business | true | |
Entity Emerging Growth Company | false | |
Entity Shell Company | false | |
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 42,300,000 | |
Entity Central Index Key | 0001051627 | |
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | |
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2021 | |
Document Fiscal Period Focus | Q1 | |
Amendment Flag | false |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Current assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 61,206 | $ 72,602 |
Short-term investments | 240 | 240 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $217 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 | 28,423 | 24,558 |
Inventories | 54,681 | 51,515 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 18,400 | 15,603 |
Total current assets | 162,950 | 164,518 |
Long-term investments | 5,463 | 5,726 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 119,878 | 115,825 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 2,576 | 2,683 |
Other assets | 11,039 | 10,110 |
Total assets | 301,906 | 298,862 |
Current liabilities: | ||
Accounts payable | 13,399 | 12,669 |
Accrued liabilities | 15,698 | 15,995 |
Bank loan | 10,376 | 10,411 |
Total current liabilities | 39,473 | 39,075 |
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities | 2,249 | 2,374 |
Other long-term liabilities | 1,510 | 1,881 |
Total liabilities | 43,232 | 43,330 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) | ||
Redeemable noncontrolling interests (Note 18) | 48,212 | 47,563 |
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Preferred stock Series A, $0.001 par value; 2,000 shares authorized; 883 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (Liquidation preference of $7,390 and $7,346 as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020) | 3,532 | 3,532 |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 70,000 shares authorized; 42,276 and 41,967 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 | 42 | 42 |
Additional paid-in capital | 229,617 | 230,381 |
Accumulated deficit | (41,120) | (44,545) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 3,078 | 3,209 |
Total AXT, Inc. stockholders' equity | 195,149 | 192,619 |
Noncontrolling interests | 15,313 | 15,350 |
Total stockholders' equity | 210,462 | 207,969 |
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and stockholders' equity | $ 301,906 | $ 298,862 |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANC_2
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Current assets: | ||
Accounts receivable, allowances for doubtful accounts | $ 217 | $ 217 |
Stockholders' equity: | ||
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 |
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 2,000,000 | 2,000,000 |
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) | 883,000 | 883,000 |
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 883,000 | 883,000 |
Preferred stock, liquidation preference | $ 7,390 | $ 7,346 |
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 |
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 70,000,000 | 70,000,000 |
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 42,276,000 | 41,967,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 42,276,000 | 41,967,000 |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMEN
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS | ||
Revenue | $ 31,350 | $ 20,723 |
Cost of revenue | 19,814 | 15,201 |
Gross profit | 11,536 | 5,522 |
Operating expenses: | ||
Selling, general and administrative | 5,570 | 4,749 |
Research and development | 2,405 | 1,407 |
Total operating expenses | 7,975 | 6,156 |
Income (loss) from operations | 3,561 | (634) |
Interest expense, net | (50) | (29) |
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures | 1,111 | (120) |
Other income (expense), net | (111) | 1,366 |
Income before provision for income taxes | 4,511 | 583 |
Provision for income taxes | 746 | 366 |
Net income | 3,765 | 217 |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | (340) | (395) |
Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. | $ 3,425 | $ (178) |
Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share: | ||
Basic | $ 0.08 | $ (0.01) |
Diluted | $ 0.08 | $ (0.01) |
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding: | ||
Basic | 41,004 | 39,812 |
Diluted | 42,726 | 39,812 |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_2
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | ||
Net income | $ 3,765 | $ 217 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | ||
Change in foreign currency translation loss, net of tax | (156) | (1,874) |
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt investments, net of tax | (8) | 1 |
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax | (164) | (1,873) |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 3,601 | (1,656) |
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | (307) | (297) |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. | $ 3,294 | $ (1,953) |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||
Net income | $ 3,765 | $ 217 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | ||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,596 | 993 |
Amortization of marketable securities premium | 15 | 10 |
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 |
Loss on disposal of equipment | 2 | |
(Gain) loss from equity method investments, net | (1,111) | 120 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||
Accounts receivable | (3,886) | (4,691) |
Inventories | (3,243) | 354 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (2,818) | (2,042) |
Other assets | 135 | (1,383) |
Accounts payable | 745 | (484) |
Accrued liabilities | (4,018) | (1,388) |
Other long-term liabilities, including royalties | (307) | 1,547 |
Net cash used in operating activities | (8,309) | (6,104) |
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (5,776) | (2,139) |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale debt securities | 240 | 720 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (5,536) | (1,419) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||
Proceeds from common stock options exercised | 704 | 441 |
Proceeds from short-term loan | 391 | |
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests | 538 | |
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 642 | |
Proceeds from issuance of Tongmei's common stock to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of issuance costs | 730 | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,614 | 832 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (165) | (140) |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (11,396) | (6,831) |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 72,602 | 26,892 |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 61,206 | $ 20,061 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash flow information: | ||
Consideration payable to repurchase subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests, included in accrued liabilities | $ 3,730 |
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Basis of Presentation | |
Basis of Presentation | Note 1. Basis of Presentation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of AXT, Inc. (“AXT,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to AXT, Inc. and all of its consolidated subsidiaries) are unaudited, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, this interim quarterly financial report does not include all disclosures required by US GAAP. In the opinion of our management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of AXT and our consolidated subsidiaries for all periods presented. Our management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. These estimates and assumptions may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in the future or for the full fiscal year. It is recommended that these condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 23, 2021. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AXT, and our consolidated subsidiaries, Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology Co., Ltd. (“Tongmei”), Baoding Tongmei Xtal Technology Co., Ltd. (“Baoding Tongmei”), ChaoYang Tongmei Xtal Technology Co., Ltd. (“ChaoYang Tongmei”), ChaoYang LiMei Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. (“ChaoYang LiMei”), ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. (“ChaoYang XinMei”), Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd. (“JinMei”), ChaoYang JinMei Gallium Ltd. (“ChaoYang JinMei”), MaAnShan JinMei Gallium Ltd., and Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd. (“BoYu”). All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Investments in business entities in which we do not have controlling interests, but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies (generally 20-50% ownership), are accounted for by the equity method. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we have five companies accounted for by the equity method. For the majority-owned subsidiaries that we consolidate, we reflect the portion we do not own as either noncontrolling interests in stockholder’s equity or as redeemable noncontrolling interests in temporary equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. When market conditions are warranted, we intend to construct facilities at the ChaoYang LiMei location to provide us with additional production capacity. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, expenses associated with ChaoYang LiMei had a de minimis impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. In February 2021, Tongmei signed a joint venture agreement with certain investors to fund a new company, ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. The agreement calls for a total investment of approximately $3 million, of which Tongmei will fund approximately $1.8 million for a 58.5 percent ownership of ChaoYang XinMei. In February 2021, the investors completed the initial funding of approximately $1.5 million. Tongmei’s portion of the investment was approximately $0.9 million. During the quarter ended December 31, 2020, Tongmei entered into two sets of definitive transaction documents, each consisting of a capital increase agreement along with certain supplemental agreements in substantially the same form (collectively, the “Capital Investment Agreements”), with several private equity investors in China. In preparation for Tongmei’s application for a listing of shares in an initial public offering (the “IPO”) on the Shanghai Stock Exchange’s Sci-Tech innovAtion boaRd (the “STAR Market”), in late December we reorganized our entity structures in China. JinMei and BoYu and its subsidiaries were assigned to Tongmei and effectively merged with Tongmei although they retained their own respective legal entity status and are wholly owned subsidiaries of Tongmei. The `` minority interest in Tongmei. The |
Investments and Fair Value Meas
Investments and Fair Value Measurements | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Investments and Fair Value Measurements | |
Investments and Fair Value Measurements | Note 2. Investments and Fair Value Measurements Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and instruments with original maturities of less than three months. Our investments consist of instruments with original maturities of more than three months. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our cash, cash equivalents and debt investments are classified as follows (in thousands): March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Gross Gross Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain (Loss) Value Cost Gain (Loss) Value Classified as: Cash $ 33,764 $ — $ — $ 33,764 $ 72,602 $ — $ — $ 72,602 Cash equivalents: Certificates of deposit 1 27,442 — — 27,442 — — — — Total cash and cash equivalents 61,206 — — 61,206 72,602 — — 72,602 Investments (available-for-sale): Certificates of deposit 2 2,640 3 — 2,643 2,880 5 — 2,885 Corporate bonds 3,068 — (8) 3,060 3,083 — (2) 3,081 Total investments 5,708 3 (8) 5,703 5,963 5 (2) 5,966 Total cash, cash equivalents and investments $ 66,914 $ 3 $ (8) $ 66,909 $ 78,565 $ 5 $ (2) $ 78,568 Contractual maturities on investments: Due within 1 year 3 $ 240 $ 240 $ 240 $ 240 Due after 1 through 5 years 4 5,468 5,463 5,723 5,726 $ 5,708 $ 5,703 $ 5,963 $ 5,966 1. Certificates of deposit with original maturities of less than three months. 2. Certificates of deposit with original maturities of more than three months. 3. Classified as “Short-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. 4. Classified as “Long-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We manage our debt investments as a single portfolio of highly marketable securities that is intended to be available to meet our current cash requirements. Certificates of deposit and corporate bonds are typically held until maturity. Historically, the gross unrealized losses related to our portfolio of available-for-sale debt securities were immaterial, and primarily due to normal market fluctuations and not due to increased credit risk or other valuation concerns. There was an insignificant amount of gross unrealized losses on our available-for-sale debt securities as of March 31, 2021, and historically, such gross unrealized losses have been temporary in nature and we believe that it is probable the principal and interest will be collected in accordance with the contractual terms. We review our debt investment portfolio at least quarterly, or when there are changes in credit risks or other potential valuation concerns, to identify and evaluate whether an allowance for credit losses or impairment would be necessary. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is temporary include the magnitude of the decline in market value, the length of time the market value has been below cost (or adjusted cost), credit quality, and our ability and intent to hold the securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. A portion of our debt investments would generate a loss if we sold them on March 31, 2021. The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale debt securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands): In Loss Position In Loss Position Total In < 12 months > 12 months Loss Position Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized As of March 31, 2021 Value (Losses) Value (Losses) Value (Losses) Investments: Corporate bonds 3,060 (8) — — 3,060 (8) Total in loss position $ 3,060 $ (8) $ — $ — $ 3,060 $ (8) The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale debt securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): In Loss Position In Loss Position Total In < 12 months > 12 months Loss Position Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized As of December 31, 2020 Value (Loss) Value (Loss) Value (Loss) Investments: Corporate bonds 2,048 (2) — — 2,048 (2) Total in loss position $ 2,048 $ (2) $ — $ — $ 2,048 $ (2) Investments in Privately-held Raw Material Companies We have made strategic investments in private companies located in China in order to gain access at a competitive cost to raw materials that are critical to our substrate business (see Note 7). The investment balances for the non-consolidated companies are accounted for under the equity method and included in “Other assets” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and totaled $7.5 million and $6.4 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, there were five companies accounted for under the equity method. There were no impairment charges in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. Fair Value Measurements We invest primarily in money market accounts, certificates of deposits, corporate bonds and notes, and government securities. We review our debt investment portfolio for credit loss at least quarterly or when there are changes in credit risk or other potential valuation concerns. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total unrealized loss, net of tax, included in accumulated other comprehensive income was immaterial. We believe it is probable the principal and interest will be collected in accordance with the contractual terms, and the unrealized loss on these securities was due to normal market fluctuations, and not due to increased credit risk or other valuation concerns. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures The type of instrument valued based on quoted market prices in active markets include our money market funds, which are generally classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. We classify our available-for-sale debt securities including certificates of deposit and corporate bonds as having Level 2 inputs. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of these financial instruments having Level 2 inputs were derived from bank statements, quoted market prices, broker or dealer statements or quotations, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. We place short-term foreign currency hedges that are intended to offset the potential cash exposure related to fluctuations in the exchange rate between the United States dollar and Japanese yen. We measure the fair value of these foreign currency hedges at each month end and quarter end using current exchange rates and in accordance with US GAAP. At quarter end, any foreign currency hedges not settled are netted in “Accrued liabilities” on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and classified as Level 3 assets and liabilities. As of March 31, 2021, the net change in fair value from the placement of the hedge to settlement at each month end during the quarter had a de minimis impact on the condensed consolidated results. There were no changes in valuation techniques or related inputs in the three months ended March 31, 2021. There have been no transfers between fair The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820 as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Significant Active Markets of Significant Other Unobservable Balance as of Identical Assets Observable Inputs Inputs March 31, 2021 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Cash equivalents and investments: Certificates of deposit $ 2,643 $ — $ 2,643 $ — Corporate bonds 3,060 — 3,060 — Total $ 5,703 $ — $ 5,703 $ — The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820 as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Significant Active Markets of Significant Other Unobservable Balance as of Identical Assets Observable Inputs Inputs December 31, 2020 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Cash equivalents and investments: Certificates of deposit $ 2,885 $ — $ 2,885 $ — Corporate bonds 3,081 — 3,081 — Total $ 5,966 $ — $ 5,966 $ — Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis Certain assets that are subject to nonrecurring fair value measurements are not included in the table above. These assets include investments in privately-held companies accounted for by the equity or cost method (see Note 7). We did not record any other-than-temporary impairment charges for these investments during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. |
Inventories
Inventories | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Inventories | |
Inventories | Note 3. Inventories The components of inventories are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Inventories: Raw materials $ 25,189 $ 24,738 Work in process 26,288 24,215 Finished goods 3,204 2,562 $ 54,681 $ 51,515 As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, carrying values of inventories were net of inventory reserves of $18.3 million and $17.7 million, respectively, for excess and obsolete inventory and $269,000 and $162,000, respectively, for lower of cost or net realizable value reserves. |
Property, Plant and Equipment,
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | Note 4. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net The components of our property, plant and equipment are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Property, plant and equipment: Machinery and equipment, at cost $ 49,621 $ 48,206 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (38,198) (37,832) Building, at cost 94,253 94,567 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (15,964) (15,324) Leasehold improvements, at cost 6,330 6,285 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (4,761) (4,616) Construction in progress 28,597 24,539 $ 119,878 $ 115,825 As of March 31, 2021, the balance of construction in progress was $28.6 million, of which $16.8 million was related to our buildings in our new Dingxing and Kazuo locations, $4.5 million was for manufacturing equipment purchases not yet placed in service and $7.3 million was for our construction in progress for our other consolidated subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2020, the balance of construction in progress was $24.5 million, of which $14.2 million was for our buildings in our new Dingxing and Kazuo locations, $4.0 million was for manufacturing equipment purchases not yet placed in service and $6.3 million was for our construction in progress at our other consolidated subsidiaries. |
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued Liabilities | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Accrued Liabilities | |
Accrued Liabilities | Note 5. Accrued Liabilities The components of accrued liabilities are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Payable in connection with repurchase of subsidiaries shares $ 3,730 $ 1,439 Accrued compensation and related charges 2,933 4,417 Preferred stock dividends payable 2,901 2,901 Payable in connection with construction 943 1,457 Accrued income taxes 791 760 Payable in connection with land restoration of Nanjing JinMei factory 747 750 Advance from customers 657 374 Accrued product warranty 582 609 Accrued professional services 469 675 Current portion of operating lease liabilities 454 445 Other personnel-related costs 180 101 Other tax payable 124 295 Accrual for sales returns 111 81 Other accrued liabilities 1,076 1,691 $ 15,698 $ 15,995 |
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Related Party Transactions | |
Related Party Transactions | Note 6. Related Party Transactions Beginning in 2012, our consolidated joint venture, JinMei, became contractually obligated under an agency sales agreement to sell raw material on behalf of its equity investment entity. JinMei bills the customers and remits the receipts, net of its portions of sales commission, to this equity investment entity. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, JinMei has recorded $0 and $0 income from agency sales, respectively, which were included in “Other income (expense), net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. In March 2012, Tongmei, entered into an operating lease for the land it owns with our consolidated joint venture, BoYu. The lease agreement for the land of approximately 22,081 square feet commenced on January 1, 2012 for a term of 10 years with annual lease payments of $24,000, subject to a 5% increase at each third year anniversary. The annual lease payment is due by January 31 st ChaoYang Tongmei purchases raw materials from one of our equity investment entities, Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd., for production in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, amounts payable of $108,000 and $0 , respectively, were included in “Accounts payable” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. ChaoYang Tongmei also purchases raw materials from one of our equity investment entities, Emei Shan Jiamei Materials Co., Ltd. (“JiaMei”), for production in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, amounts payable of $0 and $0 , respectively, were included in “Accounts payable” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Tongmei and ChaoYang Tongmei also purchase raw materials from one of our equity investment entities, Xilingol Tongli Germanium Refine Co., Ltd. (“Tongli”), for production in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, amounts payable of $0 and $0 , respectively, were included in “Accounts payable” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In July 2017, Tongmei, provided an inter-company loan to JinMei in the amount of $768,000 in preparation for the acquisition of the land use rights and the construction of a new building. The inter-company loan carries an interest rate of 4.9% per annum. The principal . In April 2016, our consolidated joint venture, BoYu, provided a personal loan of $177,000 to one of its executive employees. This loan was secured by the officer’s shares in BoYu. The loan bore interest at 2.75% per annum. During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the repayment of the principal and interest totaling $180,000 was received by our consolidated joint venture. and December 31, 2020 . On November 2, 2017, our consolidated joint venture, BoYu, raised additional capital in the amount of $2 million in cash from a third-party investor through the issuance of shares equivalent to 10% ownership of BoYu. This third-party investor is an immediate family member of the owner of one of BoYu's customers. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, BoYu has recorded $5,000 and $254,000, respectively, in revenue from this customer. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, amounts receivable of $5,000 and $0, respectively, were included in “Accounts receivable” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In December 2020, we purchased shares equivalent to 4% of BoYu from the same third-party investor for $1.6 million and the remaining 6% was sold to another third-party investor. Our Related Party Transactions Policy seeks to prohibit all conflicts of interest in transactions between related parties and us, unless they have been approved by our Board of Directors. This policy applies to all of our employees, directors, and our consolidated subsidiaries. Our executive officers retain board seats on the board of directors of the companies in which we have invested in our China joint ventures. See Note 7 for further details. |
Investments in Privately-Held R
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies | |
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies | Note 7. Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies We have made strategic investments in private companies located in China in order to gain access at a competitive cost to raw materials that are critical to our substrate business. These companies form part of our overall supply chain strategy. As of March 31, 2021, the investments are summarized below (in thousands): Investment Balance as of March 31, December 31, Accounting Ownership * Company 2021 2020 Method Percentage Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd. $ 592 $ 592 Consolidated **85.5 % Chaoyang JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd. 1,820 1,820 Consolidated **85.5 % Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd. 1,346 1,346 Consolidated **85.5 % ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. 910 — Consolidated ***58.5 % $ 4,668 $ 3,758 Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd. $ 1,691 $ 1,651 Equity **46 % Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd. 2,006 1,418 Equity 39 % Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co., Ltd. — — Equity 25 % Xiaoyi XingAn Gallium Co., Ltd. 3,341 2,822 Equity **25 % Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd. 430 485 Equity 25 % $ 7,468 $ 6,376 * These ** In preparation for Tongmei’s application for a listing on the STAR Market, in late December 2020 we reorganized our entity structures in China. JinMei and BoYu and its subsidiaries, previously organized under AXT, Inc., were assigned to Tongmei and effectively merged with Tongmei although they retained their own respective legal entity status and are wholly owned subsidiaries of Tongmei. The minority interest in Tongmei. The *** In February 2021, Tongmei signed a joint venture agreement with certain investors to fund ChaoYang XinMei. Before June 15, 2018, our ownership of JinMei was 83%. On June 15, 2018, we purchased a 12% ownership interest from one of the minority owners of JinMei for $1.4 million. The $1.4 million was scheduled to be paid in two installments. On June 15, 2018, we paid the first installment of $163,000. In May 2019, we paid the second installment of $1.2 million as the relocation of JinMei’s headquarters and manufacturing operations was nearly complete, which had been previously included in “Accrued liabilities” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As a result, our ownership of JinMei increased from 83% to 95%. In September 2018, we purchased a 2% ownership interest from one of the three remaining minority owners of JinMei for $252,000. As a result, our ownership of JinMei increased from 95% to 97%. In May 2019, we purchased the remaining 3% ownership interest from retiring members of the JinMei management team for approximately $413,000. We paid approximately $29,000, $73,000 and $262,000 in July 2020, April 2020, and May 2019, respectively, and plan to pay the remainder of approximately $49,000 at a date to be determined by both parties. As a result, our ownership of JinMei increased from 97% to 100%. Prior to June 1, 2019, we reported JinMei as a consolidated joint venture as we had a controlling financial interest and have majority control of the board. As of June 1, 2019, we referred to it as a wholly-owned subsidiary and reduced the carrying value of the corresponding noncontrolling interests to zero. Before August 1, 2020, our ownership of ChaoYang JinMei was 100%. In August 2020, we sold an 8.5% ownership interest to current members of the ChaoYang JinMei management team for approximately $396,000. As a result, our ownership of ChaoYang JinMei decreased from 100% to 91.5%. As of August 2020, we referred to Chaoyang JinMei as a significantly controlled subsidiary instead of a wholly-owned subsidiary. Our Chief Executive Officer is chairman of the JinMei board and we have appointed two other representatives to serve on the JinMei board. Our ownership of BoYu was 67%. On November 2, 2017, BoYu raised additional capital in the amount of $2 million in cash from a third-party investor through the issuance of shares equivalent to 10% ownership of BoYu. As a result, our ownership of BoYu was diluted from 70% to 63%. In December 2020, we purchased shares equivalent to 4% of BoYu from the same third-party investor for $1.6 million. As a result, our ownership of BoYu increased from 63% to 67%. We continue to consolidate BoYu as we have a controlling financial interest and have majority control of the board and accordingly no gain was recognized as a result of this equity transaction. Our Chief Executive Officer is chairman of the BoYu board and we have appointed two other representatives to serve on the board. An additional step in the STAR Market IPO process involves certain entity reorganizations and alignment of assets under Tongmei. In this regard our two consolidated raw material companies, JinMei and BoYu and its subsidiaries were assigned to Tongmei in December 2020. This will increase the number of customers and employees attributable to Tongmei as well as increase Tongmei’s consolidated revenue. Although we have representation on the board of directors of each of the privately held raw material companies, the daily operations of each of these companies are managed by local management and not by us. Decisions concerning their respective short-term strategy and operations, ordinary course of business capital expenditures and sales of finished product, are made by local management with regular guidance and input from us. For AXT’s minority investment entities that are not consolidated, the investment balances are included in “Other assets” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and totaled $7.5 million and $6.4 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Our respective ownership interests in each of these companies are 46%, 39%, 25%, 25% and 25%. These minority investment entities are not considered variable interest entities because: ● all minority investment entities have sustainable businesses of their own; ● our voting power is proportionate to our ownership interests; ● we only recognize our respective share of the losses and/or residual returns generated by the companies if they occur; and ● we do not have controlling financial interest in, do not maintain operational or management control of, do not control the board of directors of, and are not required to provide additional investment or financial support to any of these companies. One of the minority investment entities in which we have a 25% ownership interest is a germanium materials company in China. This company provides results to us only on a quarterly basis. We received its preliminary first quarter 2019 financial results in early April 2019 as well as its projections for significant losses going forward. Such projected losses would fully deplete our asset investment balance for this company in 2019. This company is experiencing significant disruptions due to upgrades and repairs required to comply with stronger environmental regulations in China. As a result, we determined that this asset was fully impaired and wrote the asset balance down to zero . This resulted in a $1.1 million impairment charge in our first quarter 2019 financial results. AXT’s minority investment entities are not consolidated and are accounted for under the equity method. Excluding one fully impaired entity, the equity entities had the following summarized income information (in thousands) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Net revenue $ 8,525 $ 3,953 Gross profit $ 3,807 $ 2,020 Operating income $ 3,061 $ 197 Net income $ 2,612 $ 2 Our portion of the income and losses from these minority investment entities that are not consolidated and are accounted for under the equity method was a gain of $1.1 million and a loss of $0.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. |
Stockholders' Equity
Stockholders' Equity | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Stockholders' Equity | |
Stockholders' Equity | Note 8. Stockholders’ Equity Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (in thousands) The changes in stockholders’ equity by component for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are as follows: Accumulated Other AXT, Inc. Total Preferred Common Additional Accumulated Comprehensive Stockholders’ Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Stock Stock Paid-In Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Equity Interests Equity Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 3,532 $ 42 $ 230,381 $ (44,545) $ 3,209 $ 192,619 $ 15,350 $ 207,969 Common stock options exercised — — 704 — — 704 — 704 Stock-based compensation — — 816 — — 816 — 816 Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests — — (131) — — (131) 707 576 Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization — — 538 — — 538 — 538 Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests — — (2,691) — — (2,691) (1,039) (3,730) Net income (loss) — — — 3,425 — 3,425 311 3,736 Other comprehensive loss — — — — (131) (131) (16) (147) Balance as of March 31, 2021 $ 3,532 $ 42 $ 229,617 $ (41,120) $ 3,078 $ 195,149 $ 15,313 $ 210,462 The changes in stockholders’ equity by component for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are as follows: Accumulated Other AXT, Inc. Total Preferred Common Additional Accumulated Comprehensive Stockholders’ Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Stock Stock Paid-In Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Equity Interests Equity Balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 3,532 $ 41 $ 236,957 $ (47,783) $ (4,862) $ 187,885 $ 4,877 $ 192,762 Common stock options exercised — — 441 — — 441 — 441 Stock-based compensation — — 643 — — 643 — 643 Net income (loss) — — — (178) — (178) 395 217 Other comprehensive loss — — — — (1,775) (1,775) (98) (1,873) Balance as of March 31, 2020 $ 3,532 $ 41 $ 238,041 $ (47,961) $ (6,637) $ 187,016 $ 5,174 $ 192,190 There were no reclassification adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for . Stock Repurchase Program On October 27, 2014, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $5.0 million of our outstanding common stock. These repurchases can be made from time to time in the open market and are funded from our existing cash balances and cash generated from operations. No shares were repurchased from 2016 through 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we did not repurchase any shares under the approved stock repurchase program. As of March 31, 2021, approximately $2.7 million remained available for future repurchases under this program. Currently, we do not plan to repurchase additional shares. |
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Stock-Based Compensation | |
Stock-Based Compensation | Note 9. Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation The following table summarizes compensation costs related to our stock-based awards (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Cost of revenue $ 39 $ 28 Selling, general and administrative 640 492 Research and development 137 123 Total stock-based compensation 816 643 Tax effect on stock-based compensation — — Net effect on net income (loss) $ 816 $ 643 As of March 31, 2021, the unamortized compensation costs related to unvested stock options granted to employees under our stock option plan was approximately $0.7 million, net of estimated forfeitures of $63,000 . These costs will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average period of will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures. We any stock-based compensation to inventory as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to the immateriality of the amount. We estimate the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes valuation model, consistent with the provisions of ASC 718. There were no options granted in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The following table summarizes the stock option transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted- average Weighted- Remaining Number of average Contractual Aggregate Options Exercise Life Intrinsic Stock Options Outstanding Price (in years) Value Balance as of January 1, 2021 1,885 $ 4.42 6.17 $ 9,713 Granted — — Exercised (185) 3.80 Canceled and expired — — Balance as of March 31, 2021 1,700 $ 4.48 6.32 $ 12,199 Options vested as of March 31, 2021 and unvested options expected to vest, net of forfeitures 1,690 $ 4.49 6.31 $ 12,117 Options exercisable as of March 31, 2021 1,282 $ 4.64 5.69 $ 9,000 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on our closing price of $11.66 on March 31, 2021, which would have been received by the option holder had all option holders exercised their options on that date. Restricted stock awards A summary of activity related to restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted-Average Grant Date Stock Awards Shares Share Value Non-vested as of January 1, 2021 1,022 $ 5.27 Granted 23 $ 15.37 Vested (4) $ 4.17 Forfeited — $ — Non-vested as of March 31, 2021 1,041 $ 5.50 As of March 31, 2021, the unamortized compensation costs related to unvested restricted stock awards was approximately $4.6 million, which is to be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.5 years. At-Risk, Performance Shares In February 2021, the Company issued at-risk, performance shares classified as equity awards. Expense is recognized quarterly on a straight-line method over the requisite service period, based on the probability of achieving the specified financial performance metric, with changes in expectations recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of change. Compensation cost is not recognized for at-risk, performance shares that do not vest because service or performance conditions are not satisfied and any previously recognized compensation cost is reversed. At-risk, performance shares are eligible to receive dividend equivalents under the Company's 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), as determined by the Board of Directors. The Company will recognize forfeitures as they occur. The Company's at-risk, performance shares are classified as equity and contain performance and service conditions that must be satisfied for an employee to receive the shares. The financial performance metric is based upon year-end 2020 actual results as compared to the Company’s year-end actual results in 2021. All performance shares, if earned, are still subject to annual vesting over a four year period except that no shares are vested on the first anniversary because the performance measurement is based on year-end results for the year 2021. The fair value of the at-risk, performance shares is determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the second day following the Compensation Committee and Board of Directors approval date, which is considered the grant date. The fair value per share of the at-risk, performance shares classified as equity awards granted in February 2021 was $15.37. None of the at-risk, performance shares had vested as of March 31, 2021. On February 17, 2021, the Compensation Committee recommended, and the Board approved, at-risk, performance shares under the Plan, wherein 75,420 shares were granted to Dr. Morris Young, our Chief Executive Officer, and 25,650 shares were granted to Gary Fischer, our Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary. A summary of the status of our unvested at-risk, performance shares as of March 31, 2021 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted-Average Grant Date Stock Awards Shares* Share Value Non-vested as of January 1, 2021 — $ — Granted 101 $ 15.37 Vested — $ — Forfeited — $ — Non-vested as of March 31, 2021 101 $ 15.37 *The number of share presented is based on achieving 100% of the targeted financial performance metric as defined in the at-risk, performance shares agreement. As of March 31, 2021, there was $1.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested at-risk, performance shares that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | Note 10. Net Income (Loss) Per Share Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods less shares of common stock subject to repurchase and non-vested stock awards. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the periods. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of weighted-average number of common shares outstanding in net loss years, as their effect would be anti-dilutive to the computation. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Numerator: Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. $ 3,425 $ (178) Less: Preferred stock dividends (44) (44) Net income (loss) available to common stockholders $ 3,381 $ (222) Denominator: Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted-average common shares 41,004 39,812 Effect of dilutive securities: Common stock options 1,082 — Restricted stock awards 640 — Denominator for dilutive net income (loss) per common shares 42,726 39,812 Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share: Basic $ 0.08 $ (0.01) Diluted $ 0.08 $ (0.01) Options excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive 21 2,763 Restricted stock excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive 57 941 The 883,000 shares of $0.001 par value Series A preferred stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, valued at $3,532,000, are non-voting and non-convertible preferred stock with a 5.0% cumulative annual dividend rate payable when declared by the board of directors and a $4 per share liquidation preference over common stock, which must be paid before any distribution is made to common stockholders. These preferred shares were issued to Lyte Optronics, Inc. stockholders in connection with the completion of our acquisition of Lyte Optronics, Inc. on May 28, 1999. |
Segment Information and Foreign
Segment Information and Foreign Operations | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Segment Information and Foreign Operations | |
Segment Information and Foreign Operations | Note 11. Segment Information and Foreign Operations Segment Information We operate in one segment for the design, development, manufacture and distribution of high-performance compound and single element semiconductor substrates and sale of raw materials integral to these substrates. Our chief operating decision-maker has been identified as our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the Company. Since we operate in one segment, all financial segment and product line information can be found in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Product Information The following table represents revenue amounts (in thousands) by product type: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Product Type: Substrates $ 23,373 $ 16,881 Raw Materials and Other 7,977 3,842 Total $ 31,350 $ 20,723 Geographical Information The following table represents revenue amounts (in thousands) reported for products shipped to customers in the corresponding geographic region: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Geographical region: China $ 15,546 $ 4,724 Taiwan 3,015 5,177 Japan 2,523 1,334 Asia Pacific (excluding China, Taiwan and Japan) 1,817 1,356 Europe (primarily Germany) 5,435 6,214 North America (primarily the United States) 3,014 1,918 Total $ 31,350 $ 20,723 Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets, and are attributed to the geographic location in which they are located. Long-lived assets, net of depreciation, by geographic region were as follows (in thousands): As of March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Long-lived assets by geographic region, net of depreciation: North America $ 1,015 $ 836 China 121,439 117,672 $ 122,454 $ 118,508 Significant Customers No customers represented 10% of our revenue for the three months ended two customers, represented 17% and 15% , respectively, We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition, and limit the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary, but generally do not require collateral. Two customers accounted for 14% and 10% of our accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2021 , |
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Commitments and Contingencies | |
Commitments and Contingencies | Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies Indemnification Agreements We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and officers that require us to indemnify our directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct of a culpable nature; to advance their expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified; and to obtain directors’ and officers’ insurance if available on reasonable terms, which we currently have in place. Product Warranty We provide warranties for our products for a specific period of time, generally twelve months, against material defects. We provide for the estimated future costs of warranty obligations in cost of sales when the related revenue is recognized. The accrued warranty costs represent the best estimate at the time of sale of the total costs that we expect to incur to repair or replace product parts that fail while still under warranty. The amount of accrued estimated warranty costs is primarily based on historical experience as to product failures as well as current information on repair costs. On a quarterly basis, we review the accrued balances and update the historical warranty cost trends. The following table reflects the change in our warranty accrual which is included in “Accrued liabilities” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Beginning accrued product warranty $ 609 $ 387 Accruals for warranties issued 113 61 Adjustments related to pre-existing warranties including expirations and changes in estimates (54) (30) Cost of warranty repair (86) (56) Ending accrued product warranty $ 582 $ 362 Contractual Obligations In 2020, we and a competitor entered into a cross license and covenant agreement (the “Cross License Agreement”), which has a term that began on January 1, 2020 and expires on December 31, 2029. The Cross License Agreement is a fixed-cost cross license and not a variable-cost cross license that is based on revenue or units. Under the Cross License Agreement, we are obligated to make annual payments over a Land Purchase and Investment Agreement We have established a wafer process production line in Dingxing, China. In addition to a land rights and building purchase agreement that we entered into with a private real estate development company to acquire our new manufacturing facility, we also entered into a cooperation agreement with the Dingxing local government. In addition to pledging its full support and cooperation, the Dingxing local government will issue certain credits or rebates to us as we achieve certain milestones. We, in turn, agreed to hire local workers over time, pay taxes when due and eventually demonstrate a total investment of approximately $90 million in value, assets and capital. The investment will include cash paid for the land and buildings, cash on deposit in our name at local banks, the gross value of new and used equipment (including future equipment that might be used for indium phosphide and germanium substrates production), the deemed value for our customer list or the end user of our substrates, for example, the end users of 3-D sensing VCSELs (vertical cavity surface emitting lasers), a deemed value for employment of local citizens, a deemed value for our proprietary process technology, other intellectual property, other intangibles and additional items of value. There is no timeline or deadline by which this must be accomplished, rather it is a good faith covenant entered into between AXT and the Dingxing local government. Further, there is no specific penalty contemplated if either party breaches the agreement. However, the agreement does state that each party has a right to seek from the other party compensation for losses. Under certain conditions, the Dingxing local government may purchase the land and building at the appraised value. We believe that such cooperation agreements are normal, customary and usual in China and that the future valuation is flexible. We have a similar agreement with the city of Kazuo, China, although on a smaller scale. The total investment targeted by AXT in Kazuo is approximately $15 million in value, assets and capital. In addition, BoYu has a similar agreement with the city of Kazuo. The total investment targeted by BoYu in Kazuo is approximately $8 million in value, assets and capital. Purchase Obligations with Penalties for Cancellation In the normal course of business, we issue purchase orders to various suppliers. In certain cases, we may incur a penalty if we cancel the purchase order. As of March 31, 2021, we do not have any outstanding purchase orders that will incur a penalty if cancelled by the Company. Legal Proceedings From time to time we may be involved in judicial or administrative proceedings concerning matters arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not expect that any of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. |
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other Income (Expense), Net | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Other Income (Expense), Net | |
Other Income (Expense), Net | Note 13. Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, includes a grant of $0.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively, from a Chinese provincial government agency as an award for relocating to its province. In addition, we incurred a foreign currency transaction exchange loss of $173,000 and $43,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. |
Income Taxes
Income Taxes | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Income Taxes | |
Income Taxes | Note 14. Income Taxes We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes We provide for income taxes based upon the geographic composition of worldwide earnings and tax regulations governing each region, particularly China. The calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws, particularly in foreign countries such as China. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 includes no interest and penalties. As of March 31, 2021, we have no accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal, various states and foreign jurisdictions. Currently, there is no tax audit in any of the jurisdictions and we do not expect there will be any significant change to this. Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was mostly related to our wholly owned China subsidiaries and our partially owned subsidiaries in China. Besides the state tax liabilities, no income taxes or benefits have been provided for U.S. operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 due to the loss in the U.S. and the uncertainty of generating future profit in the U.S., which has resulted in our deferred tax assets being fully reserved. On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was passed into law. The CARES Act includes several significant business tax provisions including modification to the taxable income limitation for utilization of net operating losses (“NOLs”) incurred in 2018, 2019 and 2020 and the ability to carry back NOLs from those years for a period of up to five years, an increase to the limitation on deductibility of certain business interest expense, bonus depreciation for purchases of qualified improvement property and special deductions on certain corporate charitable contributions. The Company analyzed the provisions of the CARES Act and determined there was no effect on its provision for the current period and will continue to evaluate the impact, if any, the CARES Act may have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures. On June 29, 2020, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill 85 (“AB 85”) into law as part of the California 2020 Budget Act, which temporarily suspends the use of California net operating losses and imposes a cap on the amount of business incentive tax credits that companies can utilize against their net income for tax years 2020, 2021, and 2022. We analyzed the provisions of AB 85 and determined there was no impact on our provision for income taxes for the current period and will continue to evaluate the impact, if any, AB 85 may have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures . |
Revenue
Revenue | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Revenue | |
Revenue | Note 15. Revenue Revenue Recognition We manufacture and sell high-performance compound semiconductor substrates including indium phosphide, gallium arsenide and germanium wafers, and our consolidated subsidiaries sell certain raw materials, including high purity gallium (7N Ga), pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN) crucibles and boron oxide (B2O3). After we ship our products, there are no remaining obligations or customer acceptance requirements that would preclude revenue recognition. Our products are typically sold pursuant to purchase orders placed by our customers, and our terms and conditions of sale do not require customer acceptance. We account for a contract with a customer when there is a legally enforceable contract, which could be the customer’s purchase order, the rights of the parties are identified, the contract has commercial terms, and collectibility of the contract consideration is probable. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation to transfer products and are short term in nature, usually less than six months. Our revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with each customer in exchange for transferring products that are generally based upon a negotiated, formula, list or fixed price. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods is transferred to our customer, which is either upon shipment from our dock, receipt at the customer’s dock, or removal from consignment inventory at the customer’s location, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. We have elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the goods. Shipping and handling fees billed to customers in a sales transaction are recorded as an offset to shipping and handling expenses. Sales taxes and value added taxes in foreign jurisdictions that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and, therefore, are excluded from revenue. We do not provide training, installation or commissioning services. We provide for future returns based on historical data, prior experience, current economic trends and changes in customer demand at the time revenue is recognized. We do not recognize any asset associated with the incremental cost of obtaining revenue generating customer contracts. As such, sales commissions are expensed as incurred, given that the expected period of benefit is less than one year. Contract Balances Contract assets are recorded when we have a conditional right to consideration for our completed performance under the contracts. Accounts receivables are recorded when the right to this consideration becomes unconditional. We believe the fair value of our accounts receivable approximates its carrying value due to its short maturities and nominal credit risk. We do not have any material contract assets as of March 31, 2021. In some contracts we require payment in advance of shipment, per a billing schedule reflected in our customer contracts, and the payment is recorded as a contract liability. The following table reflects the contract liabilities balance, which is included in “Accrued liabilities” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Contract liabilities $ (657) $ (374) During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized $248,000 of revenue that was included in the contract balances as of December 31, 2020. Disaggregated Revenue In general, revenue disaggregated by product types and geography (See Note 11) is aligned according to the nature and economic characteristics of our business and provides meaningful disaggregation of our results of operations. Since we operate in one segment, all financial segment and product line information can be found in the condensed consolidated financial statements. |
Bank Loans and Line of Credit
Bank Loans and Line of Credit | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Bank Loans and Line of Credit | |
Bank Loans and Line of Credit | Note 16. Bank Loans and Line of Credit On November 6, 2018, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), by and between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo Bank”), which established a $10 million secured revolving line of credit with a $1.0 million letter of credit sublimit facility. The revolving credit facility, which was never drawn down, was collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company located within the United States, subject to certain exceptions. As of December 31, 2019, no loans or letters of credit were outstanding under the Credit Agreement. On February 5, 2020, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), by and between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, which reduced the $10 million secured revolving line of credit under the Credit Agreement to $7 million. The commitments under the Credit Agreement, as amended by the First Amendment, expired on November 30, 2020 and there were no loans thereunder . As of March 31, 2021, the Credit agreement has expired and no loans or letters of credit were outstanding. On August 9, 2019, Tongmei entered into a credit facility with the Bank of China with a $5.8 million line of credit at an annual interest rate of approximately 0.4% over the average interest rate quoted by the National Interbank Funding Center. Accrued interest is calculated monthly and paid quarterly. The annual interest rate was approximately 4.7% as of December 31, 2019. The credit facility is collateralized by Baoding Tongmei’s land use rights and all of its buildings located at its facility in Dingxing. The primary intended use of the credit facility is for general purposes, which may include working capital and other corporate expenses. On August 9, 2019, we borrowed $2.8 million against the credit facility (the “August 2019 borrowing”). The repayment of the full amount was due on August 9, 2020. On September 12, 2019, we borrowed an additional $2.8 million against the credit facility (the “September borrowing”). The repayment of the full amount was due on September 12, 2020. In August 2020, Tongmei repaid the full amount of the credit facility including all outstanding accrued interest of approximately $5.9 million and simultaneously applied to renew the credit facility. The process of repaying a loan and then renewing the loan is customary in China. In September 2020, the August 2019 borrowing was renewed and funded against the credit facility with an interest rate of 3.85%. The interest owed during the term of the loan was deducted prior to funding. The repayment of the loan was due on March 22, 2021, however the credit facility contained an option to renew for an additional six months, which was exercised in March 2021. In October 2020, the September 2019 borrowing was renewed and funded against the credit facility and an additional $2.7 million was approved and funded against the credit facility with the annual interest rate of 4.7 %. Accrued interest is calculated monthly and paid quarterly. The combined loan totals $5.6 million. The repayment of the $5.6 million is due on April 8, 2021, however, the credit facility contains an option to renew for an additional six months . As of March 31, 2021, $8.8 million was included in “Bank loan” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. |
Leases
Leases | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Leases | |
Leases | Note 17. Leases We lease certain equipment, office space, warehouse and facilities under long-term operating leases expiring at various dates through July 2029. The majority of our lease obligations relate to our lease agreement for a nitrogen system to be used during the manufacturing process for our facility in Dingxing, China. The equipment lease became effective in August 2019 and will expire in July 2029. There are no variable lease payments, residual value guarantees or any restrictions or covenants imposed by the equipment lease. The remainder relate to our lease agreement for our facility in Fremont, California with approximately 19,467 square feet, which was scheduled to expire in 2020. Under the terms of the facility lease agreement, in May 2020, we were granted an extension to the term of the lease for an additional three years. There are no variable lease Leases are classified as either finance leases or operating leases. A lease is classified as a finance lease if any one of the following criteria are met: the lease transfers ownership of the asset by the end of the lease term, the lease contains an option to purchase the asset that is reasonably certain to be exercised, the lease term is for a major part of the remaining useful life of the asset or the present value of the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not meet any one of these criteria. All of our leases are classified as operating leases and substantially all of our operating leases are comprised of equipment and office space leases. None of our leases are classified as finance leases. For all leases at the lease commencement date, a right-of-use asset and a lease liability are recognized. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, plus any initial direct costs incurred, consisting mainly of brokerage commissions, less any lease incentives received. All right-of-use assets are reviewed for impairment. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, our secured incremental borrowing rate for the same term as the underlying lease. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following: the fixed noncancelable lease payments, payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal period will be exercised, and payments for early termination options unless it is reasonably certain the lease will not be terminated early. Lease expense for operating leases consists of the lease payments plus any initial direct costs, primarily brokerage commissions, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a term of 12 months or less. The effect of short-term leases on our right-of-use asset and lease liability was not material. As of March 31, 2021, the maturities of our operating lease liabilities (excluding short-term leases) are as follows (in thousands): Maturity of Lease Liabilities 2021 $ 424 2022 582 2023 573 2024 284 2025 284 Thereafter 1,016 Total minimum lease payments 3,163 Less: Interest (460) Present value of lease obligations 2,703 Less: Current portion, included in accrued liabilities (454) Long-term portion of lease obligations $ 2,249 The weighted average remaining lease term and the weighted-average discount rate for our operating leases as of each date is as follows: March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 6.96 7.15 Weighted-average discount rate 4.61 % 4.61 % Supplemental cash flow information related to leases where we are the lessee is as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 141 $ 107 Supplemental noncash information on lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets: Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities $ — $ 2,072 The components of lease expense are as follows (in thousands) within our condensed consolidated statements of operations: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Operating lease $ 133 $ 128 Short-term lease expense 24 13 Total $ 157 $ 141 |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Inter
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Note 18. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests As discussed in Note 1, during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, Tongmei entered into the Capital Investment Agreements with Investors that invested approximately $48.1 million in the form of redeemable noncontrolling interests representing 7.06% of the outstanding shares of Tongmei. An additional investment of approximately $1.5 million of new capital was funded in early January 2021. Under China regulations these investments must be formally approved by the appropriate government agency and are not deemed to be dilutive until such approval is granted. The government approved the entire approximately $49 million investment on January 25, 2021 at which time the Investors owned a redeemable noncontrolling interests in Tongmei of 7.28%. The initial carrying amount of the redeemable noncontrolling interests was recorded at fair value on the date of issuance of Tongmei’s common stock, net of issuance costs and presented in temporary equity on the consolidated balance sheets. This classification is due to the existence of certain contingencies that could result in potential redemption at the fixed purchase price as described below. We currently do not believe that this is probable thus no amortization of the issuance costs has been recorded. Pursuant to the Capital Investment Agreements with the Investors, each Investor has the right to require AXT to redeem any or all Tongmei shares held by such Investor at the original purchase price paid by such Investor, without interest, in the event of a material adverse change or if Tongmei does not achieve its IPO on or before December 31, 2022. This right is suspended when Tongmei submits its formal application to the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”). Tongmei currently plans to submit its formal application to the CSRC in the third quarter of 2021. However, if on December 31, 2022 the IPO application has been submitted and accepted by the CSRC or the stock exchange and such submission remains under review, then the date when such Investor is entitled to exercise such redemption right shall be deferred to a date when such submission is rejected by the CSRC or stock exchange, or the date when Tongmei withdraws its IPO application. The process of going public on the STAR Market includes several periods of review and is therefore a lengthy process. Tongmei does not expect to complete the IPO until mid-2022. The listing of Tongmei on China’s STAR Market will not change the status of AXT as a U.S. public company. There can be no assurances that Tongmei will complete its IPO by December 31, 2022, or at all. In the event that Investors exercise their redemption rights, we may be required to seek additional capital in order to redeem their Tongmei shares and there would be no assurances that such capital would be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any redemptions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The components of the change in redeemable noncontrolling interests for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 are presented in the following table (in thousands): Balance as of January 1, 2021 $ 47,563 Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to issuance of Tongmei's common stock 1,514 Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests 66 Equity issuance costs incurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 (784) Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests 29 Effect of foreign currency translation attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (176) Balance as of March 31, 2021 $ 48,212 |
Investments and Fair Value Me_2
Investments and Fair Value Measurements (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Investments and Fair Value Measurements | |
Cash, cash equivalents and investments | March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Gross Gross Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain (Loss) Value Cost Gain (Loss) Value Classified as: Cash $ 33,764 $ — $ — $ 33,764 $ 72,602 $ — $ — $ 72,602 Cash equivalents: Certificates of deposit 1 27,442 — — 27,442 — — — — Total cash and cash equivalents 61,206 — — 61,206 72,602 — — 72,602 Investments (available-for-sale): Certificates of deposit 2 2,640 3 — 2,643 2,880 5 — 2,885 Corporate bonds 3,068 — (8) 3,060 3,083 — (2) 3,081 Total investments 5,708 3 (8) 5,703 5,963 5 (2) 5,966 Total cash, cash equivalents and investments $ 66,914 $ 3 $ (8) $ 66,909 $ 78,565 $ 5 $ (2) $ 78,568 Contractual maturities on investments: Due within 1 year 3 $ 240 $ 240 $ 240 $ 240 Due after 1 through 5 years 4 5,468 5,463 5,723 5,726 $ 5,708 $ 5,703 $ 5,963 $ 5,966 1. Certificates of deposit with original maturities of less than three months. 2. Certificates of deposit with original maturities of more than three months. 3. Classified as “Short-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. 4. Classified as “Long-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. |
Fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale securities | A portion of our debt investments would generate a loss if we sold them on March 31, 2021. The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale debt securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands): In Loss Position In Loss Position Total In < 12 months > 12 months Loss Position Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized As of March 31, 2021 Value (Losses) Value (Losses) Value (Losses) Investments: Corporate bonds 3,060 (8) — — 3,060 (8) Total in loss position $ 3,060 $ (8) $ — $ — $ 3,060 $ (8) The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale debt securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): In Loss Position In Loss Position Total In < 12 months > 12 months Loss Position Gross Gross Gross Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized As of December 31, 2020 Value (Loss) Value (Loss) Value (Loss) Investments: Corporate bonds 2,048 (2) — — 2,048 (2) Total in loss position $ 2,048 $ (2) $ — $ — $ 2,048 $ (2) |
Summary of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis | The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820 as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Significant Active Markets of Significant Other Unobservable Balance as of Identical Assets Observable Inputs Inputs March 31, 2021 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Cash equivalents and investments: Certificates of deposit $ 2,643 $ — $ 2,643 $ — Corporate bonds 3,060 — 3,060 — Total $ 5,703 $ — $ 5,703 $ — The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820 as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Significant Active Markets of Significant Other Unobservable Balance as of Identical Assets Observable Inputs Inputs December 31, 2020 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Cash equivalents and investments: Certificates of deposit $ 2,885 $ — $ 2,885 $ — Corporate bonds 3,081 — 3,081 — Total $ 5,966 $ — $ 5,966 $ — |
Inventories (Tables)
Inventories (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Inventories | |
Components of inventories | The components of inventories are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Inventories: Raw materials $ 25,189 $ 24,738 Work in process 26,288 24,215 Finished goods 3,204 2,562 $ 54,681 $ 51,515 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_2
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | |
Schedule of components of property, plant and equipment | The components of our property, plant and equipment are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Property, plant and equipment: Machinery and equipment, at cost $ 49,621 $ 48,206 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (38,198) (37,832) Building, at cost 94,253 94,567 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (15,964) (15,324) Leasehold improvements, at cost 6,330 6,285 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (4,761) (4,616) Construction in progress 28,597 24,539 $ 119,878 $ 115,825 |
Accrued Liabilities (Tables)
Accrued Liabilities (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Accrued Liabilities | |
Schedule of components of accrued liabilities | The components of accrued liabilities are summarized below (in thousands): March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Payable in connection with repurchase of subsidiaries shares $ 3,730 $ 1,439 Accrued compensation and related charges 2,933 4,417 Preferred stock dividends payable 2,901 2,901 Payable in connection with construction 943 1,457 Accrued income taxes 791 760 Payable in connection with land restoration of Nanjing JinMei factory 747 750 Advance from customers 657 374 Accrued product warranty 582 609 Accrued professional services 469 675 Current portion of operating lease liabilities 454 445 Other personnel-related costs 180 101 Other tax payable 124 295 Accrual for sales returns 111 81 Other accrued liabilities 1,076 1,691 $ 15,698 $ 15,995 |
Investments in Privately-Held_2
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies | |
Summary of investments | As of March 31, 2021, the investments are summarized below (in thousands): Investment Balance as of March 31, December 31, Accounting Ownership * Company 2021 2020 Method Percentage Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd. $ 592 $ 592 Consolidated **85.5 % Chaoyang JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd. 1,820 1,820 Consolidated **85.5 % Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd. 1,346 1,346 Consolidated **85.5 % ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. 910 — Consolidated ***58.5 % $ 4,668 $ 3,758 Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd. $ 1,691 $ 1,651 Equity **46 % Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd. 2,006 1,418 Equity 39 % Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co., Ltd. — — Equity 25 % Xiaoyi XingAn Gallium Co., Ltd. 3,341 2,822 Equity **25 % Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd. 430 485 Equity 25 % $ 7,468 $ 6,376 |
Summarized equity method income information | AXT’s minority investment entities are not consolidated and are accounted for under the equity method. Excluding one fully impaired entity, the equity entities had the following summarized income information (in thousands) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Net revenue $ 8,525 $ 3,953 Gross profit $ 3,807 $ 2,020 Operating income $ 3,061 $ 197 Net income $ 2,612 $ 2 |
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
Stockholders' Equity (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Stockholders' Equity | |
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity | The changes in stockholders’ equity by component for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are as follows: Accumulated Other AXT, Inc. Total Preferred Common Additional Accumulated Comprehensive Stockholders’ Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Stock Stock Paid-In Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Equity Interests Equity Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 3,532 $ 42 $ 230,381 $ (44,545) $ 3,209 $ 192,619 $ 15,350 $ 207,969 Common stock options exercised — — 704 — — 704 — 704 Stock-based compensation — — 816 — — 816 — 816 Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests — — (131) — — (131) 707 576 Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization — — 538 — — 538 — 538 Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests — — (2,691) — — (2,691) (1,039) (3,730) Net income (loss) — — — 3,425 — 3,425 311 3,736 Other comprehensive loss — — — — (131) (131) (16) (147) Balance as of March 31, 2021 $ 3,532 $ 42 $ 229,617 $ (41,120) $ 3,078 $ 195,149 $ 15,313 $ 210,462 The changes in stockholders’ equity by component for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are as follows: Accumulated Other AXT, Inc. Total Preferred Common Additional Accumulated Comprehensive Stockholders’ Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Stock Stock Paid-In Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Equity Interests Equity Balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 3,532 $ 41 $ 236,957 $ (47,783) $ (4,862) $ 187,885 $ 4,877 $ 192,762 Common stock options exercised — — 441 — — 441 — 441 Stock-based compensation — — 643 — — 643 — 643 Net income (loss) — — — (178) — (178) 395 217 Other comprehensive loss — — — — (1,775) (1,775) (98) (1,873) Balance as of March 31, 2020 $ 3,532 $ 41 $ 238,041 $ (47,961) $ (6,637) $ 187,016 $ 5,174 $ 192,190 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Table
Stock-Based Compensation (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Stock-Based Compensation | |
Summary of compensation costs related to stock-based awards | The following table summarizes compensation costs related to our stock-based awards (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Cost of revenue $ 39 $ 28 Selling, general and administrative 640 492 Research and development 137 123 Total stock-based compensation 816 643 Tax effect on stock-based compensation — — Net effect on net income (loss) $ 816 $ 643 |
Summary of stock option activity | The following table summarizes the stock option transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted- average Weighted- Remaining Number of average Contractual Aggregate Options Exercise Life Intrinsic Stock Options Outstanding Price (in years) Value Balance as of January 1, 2021 1,885 $ 4.42 6.17 $ 9,713 Granted — — Exercised (185) 3.80 Canceled and expired — — Balance as of March 31, 2021 1,700 $ 4.48 6.32 $ 12,199 Options vested as of March 31, 2021 and unvested options expected to vest, net of forfeitures 1,690 $ 4.49 6.31 $ 12,117 Options exercisable as of March 31, 2021 1,282 $ 4.64 5.69 $ 9,000 |
Summary of restricted stock awards activity | A summary of activity related to restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted-Average Grant Date Stock Awards Shares Share Value Non-vested as of January 1, 2021 1,022 $ 5.27 Granted 23 $ 15.37 Vested (4) $ 4.17 Forfeited — $ — Non-vested as of March 31, 2021 1,041 $ 5.50 |
Summary of unvested at-risk performance shares | A summary of the status of our unvested at-risk, performance shares as of March 31, 2021 is presented below (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted-Average Grant Date Stock Awards Shares* Share Value Non-vested as of January 1, 2021 — $ — Granted 101 $ 15.37 Vested — $ — Forfeited — $ — Non-vested as of March 31, 2021 101 $ 15.37 |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Ta
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | |
Reconciliation of numerators and denominators of basic and diluted net income per share | A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Numerator: Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. $ 3,425 $ (178) Less: Preferred stock dividends (44) (44) Net income (loss) available to common stockholders $ 3,381 $ (222) Denominator: Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted-average common shares 41,004 39,812 Effect of dilutive securities: Common stock options 1,082 — Restricted stock awards 640 — Denominator for dilutive net income (loss) per common shares 42,726 39,812 Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share: Basic $ 0.08 $ (0.01) Diluted $ 0.08 $ (0.01) Options excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive 21 2,763 Restricted stock excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive 57 941 |
Segment Information and Forei_2
Segment Information and Foreign Operations (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Segment Information and Foreign Operations | |
Revenues reported by product type | The following table represents revenue amounts (in thousands) by product type: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Product Type: Substrates $ 23,373 $ 16,881 Raw Materials and Other 7,977 3,842 Total $ 31,350 $ 20,723 |
Revenue reported for products shipped to customers in the corresponding geographic region | The following table represents revenue amounts (in thousands) reported for products shipped to customers in the corresponding geographic region: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Geographical region: China $ 15,546 $ 4,724 Taiwan 3,015 5,177 Japan 2,523 1,334 Asia Pacific (excluding China, Taiwan and Japan) 1,817 1,356 Europe (primarily Germany) 5,435 6,214 North America (primarily the United States) 3,014 1,918 Total $ 31,350 $ 20,723 |
Long-lived assets by geographic region | Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets, and are attributed to the geographic location in which they are located. Long-lived assets, net of depreciation, by geographic region were as follows (in thousands): As of March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Long-lived assets by geographic region, net of depreciation: North America $ 1,015 $ 836 China 121,439 117,672 $ 122,454 $ 118,508 |
Commitments and Contingencies (
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Commitments and Contingencies | |
Product warranty accrued liability | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Beginning accrued product warranty $ 609 $ 387 Accruals for warranties issued 113 61 Adjustments related to pre-existing warranties including expirations and changes in estimates (54) (30) Cost of warranty repair (86) (56) Ending accrued product warranty $ 582 $ 362 |
Revenue (Tables)
Revenue (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Revenue | |
Schedule of amounts recorded in accrued liabilities | March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Contract liabilities $ (657) $ (374) During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized $248,000 of revenue that was included in the contract balances as of December 31, 2020. |
Leases (Tables)
Leases (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Leases | |
Summary of maturities of our operating lease liabilities | As of March 31, 2021, the maturities of our operating lease liabilities (excluding short-term leases) are as follows (in thousands): Maturity of Lease Liabilities 2021 $ 424 2022 582 2023 573 2024 284 2025 284 Thereafter 1,016 Total minimum lease payments 3,163 Less: Interest (460) Present value of lease obligations 2,703 Less: Current portion, included in accrued liabilities (454) Long-term portion of lease obligations $ 2,249 |
Schedule of weighted-average remaining lease term and the weighted-average discount rate of operating leases | March 31, December 31, 2021 2020 Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 6.96 7.15 Weighted-average discount rate 4.61 % 4.61 % |
Schedule of supplemental cash flow information related to leases | Supplemental cash flow information related to leases where we are the lessee is as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 141 $ 107 Supplemental noncash information on lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets: Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities $ — $ 2,072 |
Summary of components of lease expense | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Operating lease $ 133 $ 128 Short-term lease expense 24 13 Total $ 157 $ 141 |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_2
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | |
Components of the change in redeemable noncontrolling interests | Balance as of January 1, 2021 $ 47,563 Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to issuance of Tongmei's common stock 1,514 Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests 66 Equity issuance costs incurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 (784) Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests 29 Effect of foreign currency translation attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (176) Balance as of March 31, 2021 $ 48,212 |
Basis of Presentation (Details)
Basis of Presentation (Details) $ in Thousands | Jan. 25, 2021USD ($) | Feb. 28, 2021USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2021USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)company | Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)company |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Number of equity method investments | company | 5 | 5 | |||
Investments, equity method | $ 7,468 | $ 6,376 | |||
ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Investment value, agreement amount | $ 3,000 | ||||
Investments, equity method | $ 1,800 | ||||
Ownership (as a percent) | 58.50% | ||||
Initial funding | $ 1,500 | ||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Investment in new facility | $ 48,100 | ||||
Raised additional capital | $ 1,500 | ||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 33.00% | ||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 7.28% | 14.50% | |||
Private equity ownership percentage | 7.28% | 14.50% | |||
Percentage of key managers and contributors purchased | 0.40% | ||||
Investment in new facility | $ 49,000 | ||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Private equity ownership percentage | 7.59% | ||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Private equity ownership percentage | 0.38% | ||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Investment amount | $ 900 | ||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | |||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] | |||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 8.50% |
Investments and Fair Value Me_3
Investments and Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Cash, cash equivalents and investments [Abstract] | ||
Cash | $ 33,764 | $ 72,602 |
Cash equivalents [Abstract] | ||
Certificates of deposit | 27,442 | |
Total cash and cash equivalents | 61,206 | 72,602 |
Amortized Cost | 5,708 | 5,963 |
Cash, cash equivalents and investments, amortized costs | 66,914 | 78,565 |
Gross Unrealized Gain | 3 | 5 |
Gross Unrealized (Loss) | (8) | (2) |
Fair Value | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Cash, cash equivalents and investments, amortized costs | 66,909 | 78,568 |
Contractual maturities on investments, amortized cost basis [Abstract] | ||
Due within 1 year | 240 | 240 |
Due after 1 through 5 years | 5,468 | 5,723 |
Investments, amortized cost | 5,708 | 5,963 |
Contractual maturities on investments, fair value basis [Abstract] | ||
Due within 1 year | 240 | 240 |
Due after 1 through 5 years | 5,463 | 5,726 |
Investments, fair value | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Total Investments | ||
Cash equivalents [Abstract] | ||
Amortized Cost | 5,708 | 5,963 |
Gross Unrealized Gain | 3 | 5 |
Gross Unrealized (Loss) | (8) | (2) |
Fair Value | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Contractual maturities on investments, amortized cost basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | 5,708 | 5,963 |
Contractual maturities on investments, fair value basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, fair value | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Certificates of Deposit [Member] | ||
Cash equivalents [Abstract] | ||
Amortized Cost | 2,640 | 2,880 |
Gross Unrealized Gain | 3 | 5 |
Fair Value | 2,643 | 2,885 |
Contractual maturities on investments, amortized cost basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | 2,640 | 2,880 |
Contractual maturities on investments, fair value basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, fair value | 2,643 | 2,885 |
Corporate Bonds [Member] | ||
Cash equivalents [Abstract] | ||
Amortized Cost | 3,068 | 3,083 |
Gross Unrealized (Loss) | (8) | (2) |
Fair Value | 3,060 | 3,081 |
Contractual maturities on investments, amortized cost basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | 3,068 | 3,083 |
Contractual maturities on investments, fair value basis [Abstract] | ||
Investments, fair value | $ 3,060 | $ 3,081 |
Investments and Fair Value Me_4
Investments and Fair Value Measurements - Investment Category and Length (Details) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)company | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2019USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)company | |
Summary of fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale securities [Abstract] | ||||
Fair value, in loss position less than twelve months | $ 3,060 | $ 2,048 | ||
Gross unrealized loss, in loss position less than twelve months | (8) | (2) | ||
Fair value, total in loss position | 3,060 | 2,048 | ||
Gross unrealized loss, total in loss position | (8) | (2) | ||
Minority Investments | ||||
Investments, equity method | $ 7,468 | $ 6,376 | ||
Number of equity method investments | company | 5 | 5 | ||
Impairment charge | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 1,100 | |
Corporate Bonds [Member] | ||||
Summary of fair value and gross unrealized losses related to available-for-sale securities [Abstract] | ||||
Fair value, in loss position less than twelve months | 3,060 | $ 2,048 | ||
Gross unrealized loss, in loss position less than twelve months | (8) | (2) | ||
Fair value, total in loss position | 3,060 | 2,048 | ||
Gross unrealized loss, total in loss position | (8) | (2) | ||
Other assets | ||||
Minority Investments | ||||
Investments, equity method | $ 7,500 | $ 6,400 |
Investments and Fair Value Me_5
Investments and Fair Value Measurements - Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | $ 5,703 | $ 5,966 |
Fair Value, Transfers Between Level 1 and Level 2, Description and Policy [Abstract] | ||
Transfer from Level 1 to Level 2 , assets | 0 | |
Transfer from Level 2 to Level 1 , assets | 0 | |
Transfers into Level 3, assets | 0 | |
Transfer out of Level 3, assets | 0 | |
Recurring | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Total | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Recurring | Certificates of Deposit [Member] | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Cash and cash equivalents, fair value disclosure | 2,643 | 2,885 |
Recurring | Corporate Bonds [Member] | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | 3,060 | 3,081 |
Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Total | 5,703 | 5,966 |
Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Certificates of Deposit [Member] | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Cash and cash equivalents, fair value disclosure | 2,643 | 2,885 |
Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Corporate Bonds [Member] | ||
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Investments, amortized cost | $ 3,060 | $ 3,081 |
Inventories (Details)
Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Inventories | ||
Raw materials | $ 25,189 | $ 24,738 |
Work in process | 26,288 | 24,215 |
Finished goods | 3,204 | 2,562 |
Inventories, Total | 54,681 | 51,515 |
Inventory reserve | 18,300 | 17,700 |
Excess and obsolete inventory | $ 269,000 | $ 162,000 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_3
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ 119,878 | $ 115,825 |
Machinery and equipment | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 49,621 | 48,206 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (38,198) | (37,832) |
Building | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 94,253 | 94,567 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (15,964) | (15,324) |
Leasehold improvements | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 6,330 | 6,285 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (4,761) | (4,616) |
Construction in progress | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 28,597 | 24,539 |
Construction in progress Dingxin and Kazuo locations | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 16,800 | 14,200 |
Construction in progress manufacturing equipment purchases | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | 4,500 | 4,000 |
Construction in progress other consolidated subsidiaries | ||
Property, plant and equipment [Abstract] | ||
Property, plant and equipment, gross | $ 7,300 | $ 6,300 |
Accrued Liabilities (Details)
Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Components of accrued liabilities | ||
Payable in connection with repurchase of subsidiaries shares | $ 3,730 | $ 1,439 |
Accrued compensation and related charges | 2,933 | 4,417 |
Preferred stock dividends payable | 2,901 | 2,901 |
Payable in connection with construction | 943 | 1,457 |
Accrued income taxes | 791 | 760 |
Payable in connection with land restoration of Nanjing JinMei factory | 747 | 750 |
Advance from customers | 657 | 374 |
Accrued product warranty | 582 | 609 |
Accrued professional services | 469 | 675 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | 454 | 445 |
Other personnel-related costs | 180 | 101 |
Other tax payable | 124 | 295 |
Accrual for sales returns | 111 | 81 |
Other accrued liabilities | 1,076 | 1,691 |
Accrued liabilities, Total | $ 15,698 | $ 15,995 |
Related Party Transactions (Det
Related Party Transactions (Details) | Dec. 25, 2020USD ($) | Nov. 02, 2017USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | May 31, 2019USD ($) | Nov. 30, 2017USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2017USD ($)installment | Apr. 30, 2016USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)ft² | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020USD ($) |
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Area of leased property (in square feet) | ft² | 19,467 | ||||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Additional Minority Ownership Percentage by Parent | 4 | ||||||||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Changes, Purchase of Interest by Parent | $ 1,600,000 | ||||||||||
Related party loan | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Revenue from related parties | $ 5,000 | ||||||||||
Equity investment entity | Raw materials sales to related party | Accounts receivable | Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Amounts receivable from related party | 5,000 | 0 | |||||||||
Equity investment entity | Raw material agency sales agreement | Other income (expense), net [Member] | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Other income from related party | 0 | $ 0 | |||||||||
Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd | Raw materials purchases from related party | Accounts payable | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Amount payable to related party | 108,000 | 0 | |||||||||
Emei Shan Jiamei Materials Co., Ltd | Raw materials purchases from related party | Accounts payable | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Amount payable to related party | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co. Ltd | Raw materials purchases from related party | Accounts payable | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Amount payable to related party | $ 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | Lease of land | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Area of leased property (in square feet) | ft² | 22,081 | ||||||||||
Lease term | 10 years | ||||||||||
Annual lease payment | $ 24,000 | ||||||||||
Increase in annual lease payment at each third year anniversary (in hundredths) | 5.00% | ||||||||||
Rental increase period | 3 years | ||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd | Related party loan | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Number of installments | installment | 3 | ||||||||||
Related party notes receivable - long term | $ 768,000 | ||||||||||
Amount payable to related party | $ 306,000 | 303,000 | |||||||||
Interest rate (as a percent) | 4.90% | ||||||||||
Repayment of related party notes receivable | 535,000 | ||||||||||
Executive officer | Related party loan | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Amount of transaction | $ 141,000 | $ 146,000 | $ 291,000 | $ 177,000 | |||||||
Interest rate (as a percent) | 2.75% | 2.75% | 2.75% | 2.75% | |||||||
Repayment of related party notes receivable | $ 612,000 | $ 180,000 | |||||||||
Proceeds from Collection of Interest from Long Term Loans to Related Parties | $ 35,000 | ||||||||||
Executive officer | Related party loan | Other assets | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Related party notes receivable - current | $ 0 | $ 0 | |||||||||
3rd party investor | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Raised additional capital | $ 2,000,000 | ||||||||||
Percentage ownership from issuance of shares | 10.00% | ||||||||||
Additional Minority Ownership Percentage by Parent | 4 | ||||||||||
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Changes, Purchase of Interest by Parent | $ 1,600,000 | ||||||||||
Percentage of Equity Interests Sold | 6.00% | ||||||||||
3rd party investor | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | |||||||||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Revenue from related parties | $ 254,000 | ||||||||||
Raised additional capital | $ 2,000,000 | ||||||||||
Percentage ownership from issuance of shares | 10.00% |
Investments in Privately-Held_3
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies (Details) | Jan. 25, 2021USD ($) | Jun. 15, 2018USD ($)installment | Nov. 02, 2017USD ($)employee | Jan. 31, 2021USD ($) | Aug. 31, 2020USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2020USD ($) | Apr. 30, 2020USD ($) | May 31, 2019USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)entityemployee | Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)employeeentity | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2019USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2019 | Jun. 01, 2019USD ($) | Apr. 30, 2019 | Aug. 31, 2018 | Jun. 14, 2018 | Nov. 01, 2017 |
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 7,468,000 | $ 6,376,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to issuance of Tongmei's common stock | $ 1,500,000 | 1,514,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Investments, Approved by Government | $ 49,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interests | 15,313,000 | 15,350,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Remainder portion of payment | 3,730,000 | 1,439,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Number of persons on board | employee | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment charge | 0 | $ 0 | $ 1,100,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Joint Ventures | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Number of consolidated joint ventures | entity | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 7,500,000 | 6,400,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co. Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Direct minority investments not consolidated | entity | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd Investment | Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 1,691,000 | 1,651,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, equity method (in hundredths) | 46.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd Investment | Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 2,006,000 | 1,418,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, equity method (in hundredths) | 39.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co. Ltd Investment | Xilingol Tongli Germanium Co. Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, equity method (in hundredths) | 25.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Xiaoyi XingAn Gallium Co., Ltd. | Xiaoyi XingAn Gallium Co., Ltd. | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 3,341,000 | 2,822,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, equity method (in hundredths) | 25.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment | Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, equity method | $ 430,000 | $ 485,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, equity method (in hundredths) | 25.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 100.00% | 97.00% | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 8.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 67.00% | 63.00% | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 33.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of outstanding shares | 7.28% | 14.50% | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of Equity Issued on Conversion of Non Controlling Interests | 7.28% | 14.50% | |||||||||||||||||
Percentage of Equity Purchased by Employees, Key Managers and Contributors | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to issuance of Tongmei's common stock | $ 1,500,000 | $ 48,100,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Investments, Approved by Government | $ 49,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Number of new board representatives | employee | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of Equity Issued on Conversion of Non Controlling Interests | 0.38% | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Number of new board representatives | employee | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of Equity Issued on Conversion of Non Controlling Interests | 7.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
Majority-Owned Subsidiaries | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 4,668,000 | $ 3,758,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 592,000 | 592,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Additional percentage of ownership, consolidated method | 12 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | $ 1,400,000 | $ 413,000 | $ 252,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Number of installments | installment | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payment of first installment | $ 163,000 | $ 29,000 | $ 73,000 | 262,000 | |||||||||||||||
Payment of second installment | 1,200,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interests | $ 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Remainder portion of payment | $ 49,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 95.00% | 97.00% | 85.50% | 95.00% | 83.00% | ||||||||||||||
Chaoyang JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd[member] | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 1,820,000 | 1,820,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Chaoyang JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd[member] | Chaoyang JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd[member] | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 91.50% | 100.00% | 85.50% | ||||||||||||||||
Percentage Of Ownership Interest Sold | 8.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of previously consolidated subsidiary shares | $ 396,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 1,346,000 | $ 1,346,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Additional percentage of ownership, consolidated method | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | $ 1,600,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from equity transaction | $ 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | 3rd party investor | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage ownership from issuance of shares | 10.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
Additional percentage of ownership, consolidated method | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | $ 1,600,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Raised additional capital | $ 2,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 63.00% | 85.50% | 70.00% | ||||||||||||||||
ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments, consolidated method | $ 910,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd | ChaoYang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary of investments | |||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership, consolidated method (in hundredths) | 58.50% |
Investments in Privately-Held_4
Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies - Minority Investment Entities (Details) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)entity | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | |
Minority investment entities | ||
Impaired entities | entity | 1 | |
Five Minority Investments | ||
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract] | ||
Net revenue | $ 8,525 | $ 3,953 |
Gross profit | 3,807 | 2,020 |
Operating (loss) | 3,061 | 197 |
Net income (loss) | 2,612 | 2 |
Minority investment entities | ||
Entity portion of loss from unconsolidated equity method investments, including impairment charges | $ 1,100 | $ 100 |
Stockholders' Equity (Details)
Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | 60 Months Ended | ||
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Oct. 27, 2014 | |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ 207,969 | $ 192,762 | |||
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) | |||
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 | |||
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 576 | ||||
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 | ||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (3,730) | ||||
Net income (loss) | 3,736 | ||||
Net income (loss) | 3,765 | 217 | |||
Other comprehensive loss | (147) | (1,873) | |||
Balance, end of period | 210,462 | 192,190 | $ 207,969 | ||
Reclassification adjustment from AOCI | 0 | 0 | |||
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount | $ 5,000 | ||||
Shares repurchased (in shares) | 908,000 | 0 | |||
Average price of shares repurchased (in dollars per share) | $ 2.52 | ||||
Total purchase price | $ 2,300 | ||||
Stock repurchase program remaining authorized repurchase amount | 2,700 | ||||
Preferred Stock | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 3,532 | 3,532 | |||
Balance, end of period | 3,532 | 3,532 | $ 3,532 | ||
Common Stock | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 42 | 41 | |||
Balance, end of period | 42 | 41 | 42 | ||
Additional Paid-In Capital | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 230,381 | 236,957 | |||
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) | |||
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 | |||
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | (131) | ||||
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 | ||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (2,691) | ||||
Balance, end of period | 229,617 | 238,041 | 230,381 | ||
Accumulated Deficit | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | (44,545) | (47,783) | |||
Net income (loss) | 3,425 | ||||
Net income (loss) | (178) | ||||
Balance, end of period | (41,120) | (47,961) | (44,545) | ||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 3,209 | (4,862) | |||
Other comprehensive loss | (131) | (1,775) | |||
Balance, end of period | 3,078 | (6,637) | 3,209 | ||
AXT, Inc. Stockholders' Equity | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 192,619 | 187,885 | |||
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) | |||
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 | |||
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | (131) | ||||
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 | ||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (2,691) | ||||
Net income (loss) | 3,425 | ||||
Net income (loss) | (178) | ||||
Other comprehensive loss | (131) | (1,775) | |||
Balance, end of period | 195,149 | 187,016 | 192,619 | ||
Noncontrolling Interests | |||||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||
Balance, beginning of period | 15,350 | 4,877 | |||
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 707 | ||||
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (1,039) | ||||
Net income (loss) | 311 | ||||
Net income (loss) | 395 | ||||
Other comprehensive loss | (16) | (98) | |||
Balance, end of period | $ 15,313 | $ 5,174 | $ 15,350 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Stoc
Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | ||
Total stock-based compensation | $ 816 | $ 643 |
Net effect on net income | 816 | 643 |
Cost of Revenue [Member] | ||
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | ||
Total stock-based compensation | 39 | 28 |
Selling, General and Administrative [Member] | ||
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | ||
Total stock-based compensation | 640 | 492 |
Research and Development [Member] | ||
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | ||
Total stock-based compensation | $ 137 | $ 123 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Opti
Stock-Based Compensation - Options (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value [Abstract] | |||
Closing price (in dollars per share) | $ 11.66 | ||
Options | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Compensation costs related to unvested stock options not yet recognized | $ 700,000 | ||
Value of estimated forfeitures | $ 63,000 | ||
Weighted-average period of amortization | 2 years 2 months 12 days | ||
Number of Options Outstanding [Roll Forward] | |||
Options outstanding, beginning of period (in shares) | 1,885 | ||
Granted (in shares) | 0 | 0 | |
Exercised (in shares) | (185) | ||
Options outstanding, end of period (in shares) | 1,700 | 1,885 | |
Options vested and unvested options expected to vest, net of forfeitures, end of period (in shares) | 1,690 | ||
Options exercisable, end of period (in shares) | 1,282 | ||
Weighted-average Exercise Price [Roll Forward] | |||
Options outstanding, beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ 4.42 | ||
Exercised (in dollars per share) | 3.80 | ||
Options outstanding, end of period (in dollars per share) | 4.48 | $ 4.42 | |
Options vested and unvested options expected to vest, net of forfeitures (in dollars per share) | 4.49 | ||
Options exercisable, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ 4.64 | ||
Weighted average Remaining Contractual Life [Abstract] | |||
Options outstanding | 6 years 3 months 25 days | 6 years 2 months 1 day | |
Options vested and unvested options expected to vest, net of forfeitures, end of period | 6 years 3 months 21 days | ||
Option exercisable, end of period | 5 years 8 months 8 days | ||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value [Abstract] | |||
Options outstanding, beginning of period | $ 9,713,000 | ||
Options outstanding, end of period | 12,199,000 | $ 9,713,000 | |
Options vested and expected to vest, end of period | 12,117,000 | ||
Options exercisable, end of period | $ 9,000,000 |
Stock-Based Compensation - RSU
Stock-Based Compensation - RSU (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)$ / sharesshares | |
Restricted Stock Awards | |
Shares [Roll Forward] | |
Non-vested, beginning of period (in shares) | 1,022 |
Granted (in shares) | 23 |
Vested (in shares) | (4) |
Non-vested, end of period (in shares) | 1,041 |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |
Non-vested, beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 5.27 |
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | 15.37 |
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | 4.17 |
Non-vested, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 5.50 |
Unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | $ | $ 4.6 |
Weighted average remaining contractual terms | 1 year 6 months |
Performance Shares | |
Shares [Roll Forward] | |
Granted (in shares) | 101 |
Vested (in shares) | 0 |
Non-vested, end of period (in shares) | 101 |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 15.37 |
Non-vested, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 15.37 |
Unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | $ | $ 1.4 |
Weighted average remaining contractual terms | 2 years 1 month 6 days |
Stock-Based Compensation - Perf
Stock-Based Compensation - Performance Shares (Details) - Performance Shares - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions | Feb. 17, 2021 | Feb. 28, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2021 |
Shares [Roll Forward] | |||
Granted (in shares) | 101 | ||
Vested (in shares) | 0 | ||
Non-vested, end of period (in shares) | 101 | ||
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |||
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ 15.37 | ||
Non-vested, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ 15.37 | ||
Weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted (in dollars per share) | $ 15.37 | ||
Percentage of targeted financial performance | 100.00% | ||
Unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | $ 1.4 | ||
Weighted average remaining contractual terms | 2 years 1 month 6 days | ||
First Anniversary | |||
Shares [Roll Forward] | |||
Vested (in shares) | 0 | ||
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |||
Vesting period | 4 years | ||
Chief Executive Officer | |||
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |||
Stock options grants in period | 75,420 | ||
Chief Financial Officer | |||
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward] | |||
Stock options grants in period | 25,650 |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (De
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Numerator: | |||
Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. | $ 3,425 | $ (178) | |
Less: Preferred stock dividends | (44) | (44) | |
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ 3,381 | $ (222) | |
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding: | |||
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted-average common shares | 41,004,000 | 39,812,000 | |
Effect of dilutive securities: | |||
Denominator for dilutive net income (loss) per common shares | 42,726,000 | 39,812,000 | |
Net income (loss) attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share: | |||
Basic | $ 0.08 | $ (0.01) | |
Diluted | $ 0.08 | $ (0.01) | |
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) | 883,000 | 883,000 | |
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 883,000 | 883,000 | |
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 | |
Preferred stock, value | $ 3,532 | $ 3,532 | |
Cumulative annual dividend rate (as a percent) | 5.00% | 5.00% | |
Liquidation preference over common stock (in dollars per share) | $ 4 | $ 4 | |
Options | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Securities excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive (in shares) | 21,000 | 2,763,000 | |
Restricted Stock Awards | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Securities excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the impact is anti-dilutive (in shares) | 57,000 | 941,000 | |
Options | |||
Effect of dilutive securities: | |||
Effect of dilutive securities (in shares) | 1,082,000 | ||
Restricted Stock Awards | |||
Effect of dilutive securities: | |||
Effect of dilutive securities (in shares) | 640,000 |
Segment Information and Forei_3
Segment Information and Foreign Operations - Product Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Revenue by product type | ||
Revenue | $ 31,350 | $ 20,723 |
Substrates | ||
Revenue by product type | ||
Revenue | 23,373 | 16,881 |
Raw materials and others | ||
Revenue by product type | ||
Revenue | $ 7,977 | $ 3,842 |
Segment Information and Forei_4
Segment Information and Foreign Operations - Segment and Geographical Information (Details) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | ||
Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)segment | Mar. 31, 2020USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020USD ($) | |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
Number of operating segments | segment | 1 | ||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | $ 31,350 | $ 20,723 | |
Long-lived assets by geographic region, net of depreciation: | |||
Long-lived assets | 122,454 | $ 118,508 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | China | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 15,546 | 4,724 | |
Long-lived assets by geographic region, net of depreciation: | |||
Long-lived assets | 121,439 | 117,672 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | Taiwan | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 3,015 | 5,177 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | Japan | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 2,523 | 1,334 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | Asia Pacific (excluding China, Taiwan, and Japan) | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 1,817 | 1,356 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | Europe (primarily Germany) | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 5,435 | 6,214 | |
Reportable Geographical Components | North America (primarily the United States) | |||
Net revenues reported for products shipped to customers in corresponding geographic region [Abstract] | |||
Revenue | 3,014 | $ 1,918 | |
Long-lived assets by geographic region, net of depreciation: | |||
Long-lived assets | $ 1,015 | $ 836 |
Segment Information and Forei_5
Segment Information and Foreign Operations - Concentration of Credit Risk (Details) - Customer concentration | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021customer | Mar. 31, 2020customer | |
Revenues | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Number of customers representing significant share | 0 | 2 |
Percentage share generated by major customers | 10.00% | |
Accounts Receivable | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Number of customers representing significant share | 2 | 3 |
Landmark | Revenues | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Percentage share generated by major customers | 17.00% | |
Osram | Revenues | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Percentage share generated by major customers | 15.00% | |
Major Customer One | Accounts Receivable | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Percentage share generated by major customers | 14.00% | 20.00% |
Major Customer Two | Accounts Receivable | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Percentage share generated by major customers | 10.00% | 13.00% |
Major Customer Three | Accounts Receivable | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Percentage share generated by major customers | 12.00% | |
Top Five Major Customers | Revenues | ||
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | ||
Number of customers representing significant share | 5 | 5 |
Percentage share generated by major customers | 26.00% | 49.00% |
Commitments and Contingencies_2
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Product Warranty [Abstract] | ||
Period of warranty | 12 months | |
Change in warranty accrual [Roll Forward] | ||
Beginning accrued product warranty | $ 609 | $ 387 |
Accruals for warranties issued | 113 | 61 |
Adjustments related to pre-existing warranties including expirations and changes in estimates | (54) | (30) |
Cost of warranty repair | (86) | (56) |
Ending accrued product warranty | $ 582 | $ 362 |
Cross License Agreement | ||
Preferred label sub abstract as Contractual Obligations | ||
Term of Agreement | 10 years | |
Dingxing | ||
Preferred label sub abstract as Contractual Obligations | ||
Total investment agreement value | $ 90,000 | |
Kazuo | ||
Preferred label sub abstract as Contractual Obligations | ||
Total investment agreement value | 15,000 | |
Kazuo | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co | ||
Preferred label sub abstract as Contractual Obligations | ||
Total investment agreement value | $ 8,000 |
Other Income (Expense), Net (De
Other Income (Expense), Net (Details) - USD ($) | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Other Income (Expense), Net | ||
Income from government grants | $ 100,000 | $ 1,400,000 |
Foreign currency exchange loss | $ 173,000 | $ 43,000 |
Income Taxes - (Details)
Income Taxes - (Details) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021USD ($) | |
Income Taxes | |
Deferred tax assets | $ 0 |
Unrecognized tax benefit interest and penalties expense | 0 |
Unrecognized tax benefits accrued interest and penalties | 0 |
Federal income tax benefit or expense | $ 0 |
Revenue - Revenue Recognition (
Revenue - Revenue Recognition (Details) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Maximum | |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | |
Sales commissions benefit period | 1 year |
Revenue - Contract Balances (De
Revenue - Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($) | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Revenue | ||
Contract liabilities | $ (657,000) | $ (374,000) |
Revenue recognized, included in contract assets | $ 248,000 |
Revenue - Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue - Disaggregated Revenue (Details) | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2021segment | |
Revenue | |
Number of operating segments | 1 |
Bank Loans and Line of Credit (
Bank Loans and Line of Credit (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Sep. 12, 2019 | Aug. 09, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Oct. 31, 2020 | Sep. 30, 2020 | Aug. 31, 2020 | Feb. 29, 2020 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2021 | Feb. 05, 2020 | Nov. 08, 2018 | Nov. 06, 2018 |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from lines of credit | $ 391 | ||||||||||||
Bank loan | $ 10,411 | $ 10,376 | |||||||||||
Lines OF Credit, Current | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Letters of credit outstanding | 8,800 | ||||||||||||
Bank Of China | Secured Debt | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 5,800 | ||||||||||||
Variable rate spread (as a percent) | 4.70% | 3.85% | |||||||||||
Proceeds from credit facility | $ 2,800 | $ 2,800 | |||||||||||
Combined loan totals | $ 5,600 | ||||||||||||
Renewal period | 6 months | 6 months | |||||||||||
Additional loan borrowed | $ 2,700 | ||||||||||||
Repayments of loan | $ 5,900 | ||||||||||||
Bank Of China | Secured Debt | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Prime Rate | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Variable rate spread (as a percent) | 0.40% | 4.70% | |||||||||||
ICBC | Secured Debt | Lines OF Credit, Current | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Letters of credit outstanding | $ 1,500 | ||||||||||||
ICBC | Secured Debt | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 1,400 | ||||||||||||
Annual interest rate at end | 3.92% | ||||||||||||
Repayments of line of credit | 400 | ||||||||||||
Letters of credit outstanding | $ 1,500 | ||||||||||||
ICBC | Secured Debt | Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | Prime Rate | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Variable rate spread (as a percent) | 0.07% | 0.15% | |||||||||||
ICBC | Letter of Credit | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from lines of credit | $ 1,500 | ||||||||||||
Wells Fargo Bank | Secured Debt | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 7,000 | $ 10,000 | $ 10,000 | ||||||||||
Loans outstanding | 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | ||||||||||
Wells Fargo Bank | Letter of Credit | |||||||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 1,000 | ||||||||||||
Letters of credit outstanding | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Leases (Details)
Leases (Details) $ in Millions | 1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended |
May 31, 2020 | Mar. 31, 2021USD ($)ft² | |
Leases | ||
Area of leased property (in square feet) | ft² | 19,467 | |
Operating lease, option to extend | true | |
Operating lease, extension term | 3 years | |
Variable lease payments | $ 0 | |
Residual value guarantee | $ 0 |
Leases - Maturities of Operatin
Leases - Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Future minimum lease payments | ||
2021 | $ 424 | |
2022 | 582 | |
2023 | 573 | |
2024 | 284 | |
2025 | 284 | |
Thereafter | 1,016 | |
Total minimum lease payments | 3,163 | |
Less: Interest | (460) | |
Present value of lease obligations | $ 2,703 | |
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Long-term portion of lease obligations | Long-term portion of lease obligations |
Less: Current portion, included in accrued liabilities | $ (454) | $ (445) |
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Accrued Liabilities, Current | Accrued Liabilities, Current |
Long-term portion of lease obligations | $ 2,249 | $ 2,374 |
Leases - Weighted-Average Remai
Leases - Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | ||
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Leases | |||
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | 6 years 11 months 15 days | 7 years 1 month 24 days | |
Weighted-average discount rate | 4.61% | 4.61% | |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | |||
Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ 141 | $ 107 | |
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | $ 2,072 |
Leases - Components of Lease Ex
Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | |
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | |
Lease expense | ||
Operating lease | $ 133 | $ 128 |
Short-term lease expense | 24 | 13 |
Total | $ 157 | $ 141 |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_3
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Jan. 25, 2021 | Jan. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 |
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items] | ||||
Issue of redeemable noncontrolling interests | $ 1,500 | $ 1,514 | ||
Investments, Approved by Government | $ 49,000 | |||
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | ||||
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items] | ||||
Issue of redeemable noncontrolling interests | $ 1,500 | $ 48,100 | ||
Redeemable non controlling interests ownership percentage | 7.06% | |||
Investments, Approved by Government | $ 49,000 | |||
Percentage of Equity Issued on Conversion of Non Controlling Interests | 7.28% | 14.50% |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_4
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - Components of the Change in Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended |
Jan. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2021 | |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | ||
Redeemable noncontrolling interests beginning balance | $ 47,563 | $ 47,563 |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to issuance of Tongmei's common stock | $ 1,500 | 1,514 |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests due to formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 66 | |
Equity issuance costs incurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 | (784) | |
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests | 29 | |
Effect of foreign currency translation attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests | (176) | |
Redeemable noncontrolling interests ending balance | $ 48,212 |