Loans | 4) Loans Loans at year‑end were as follows: December 31, December 31, 2019 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Loans held-for-investment: Commercial $ 631,547 $ 597,763 Real estate: CRE 1,510,592 994,067 Land and construction 150,634 122,358 Home equity 175,252 109,112 Residential mortgages 46,256 50,979 Consumer 19,882 12,453 Loans 2,534,163 1,886,732 Deferred loan fees, net (319) (327) Loans, net of deferred fees 2,533,844 1,886,405 Allowance for loan losses (23,285) (27,848) Loans, net $ 2,510,559 $ 1,858,557 Changes in the allowance for loan losses were as follows: ` Year Ended December 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning of period balance $ 17,061 $ 10,671 $ 116 $ 27,848 Charge-offs (6,609) — (14) (6,623) Recoveries 1,045 169 — 1,214 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (5,564) 169 (14) (5,409) Provision (credit) for loan losses (1,044) 1,910 (20) 846 End of period balance $ 10,453 $ 12,750 $ 82 $ 23,285 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning of period balance $ 10,608 $ 8,950 $ 100 $ 19,658 Charge-offs (2,002) — (24) (2,026) Recoveries 2,645 150 — 2,795 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 643 150 (24) 769 Provision for loan losses 5,810 1,571 40 7,421 End of period balance $ 17,061 $ 10,671 $ 116 $ 27,848 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning of period balance $ 10,656 $ 8,327 $ 106 $ 19,089 Charge-offs (2,239) — — (2,239) Recoveries 1,585 1,124 — 2,709 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (654) 1,124 — 470 Provision (credit) for loan losses 606 (501) (6) 99 End of period balance $ 10,608 $ 8,950 $ 100 $ 19,658 The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment, based on the impairment method as follows at year‑end: December 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,835 $ — $ — $ 1,835 Collectively evaluated for impairment 8,618 12,750 82 21,450 Total allowance balance $ 10,453 $ 12,750 $ 82 $ 23,285 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,810 $ 5,454 $ — $ 10,264 Collectively evaluated for impairment 626,737 1,877,280 19,882 2,523,899 Total loan balance $ 631,547 $ 1,882,734 $ 19,882 $ 2,534,163 December 31, 2018 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 6,944 $ — $ — $ 6,944 Collectively evaluated for impairment 10,117 10,671 116 20,904 Total allowance balance $ 17,061 $ 10,671 $ 116 $ 27,848 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 9,495 $ 5,645 $ — $ 15,140 Collectively evaluated for impairment 588,268 1,270,871 12,453 1,871,592 Total loan balance $ 597,763 $ 1,276,516 $ 12,453 $ 1,886,732 The following table presents loans held‑for‑investment individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The recorded investment included in the following table represents loan principal net of any partial charge‑offs recognized on the loans. The unpaid principal balance represents the recorded balance prior to any partial charge‑offs. December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Allowance Allowance Unpaid for Loan Unpaid for Loan Principal Recorded Losses Principal Recorded Losses Balance Investment Allocated Balance Investment Allocated (Dollars in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 2,113 $ 2,113 $ — $ 1,849 $ 1,849 $ — Real estate: CRE 5,094 5,094 — 5,094 5,094 — Home Equity 360 360 — 551 551 — Total with no related allowance recorded 7,567 7,567 — 7,494 7,494 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial 2,697 2,697 1,835 7,646 7,646 6,944 Total with an allowance recorded 2,697 2,697 1,835 7,646 7,646 6,944 Total $ 10,264 $ 10,264 $ 1,835 $ 15,140 $ 15,140 $ 6,944 The following table presents interest recognized and cash‑basis interest earned on impaired loans for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2019 Real Estate Land and Home Commercial CRE Construction Equity Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Average of impaired loans during the period $ 8,048 $ 6,433 $ — $ 440 $ — $ 14,921 Interest income during impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Cash-basis interest recognized $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Year Ended December 31, 2018 Real Estate Land and Home Commercial CRE Construction Equity Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Average of impaired loans during the period $ 10,744 $ 3,507 $ 24 $ 487 $ — $ 14,762 Interest income during impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Cash-basis interest recognized $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Nonperforming loans include both smaller dollar balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified loans. Nonperforming loans were as follows at year‑end: 2019 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual loans - held-for-investment $ 8,675 $ 13,699 Restructured and loans over 90 days past due and still accruing 1,153 1,188 Total nonperforming loans 9,828 14,887 Other restructured loans 436 253 Total impaired loans $ 10,264 $ 15,140 The following table presents the nonperforming loans by class at year‑end: December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Restructured Restructured and Loans and Loans over 90 Days over 90 Days Past Due Past Due and Still and Still Nonaccrual Accruing Total Nonaccrual Accruing Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial $ 3,444 $ 1,153 $ 4,597 $ 8,279 $ 963 $ 9,242 Real estate: CRE 5,094 — 5,094 5,094 — 5,094 Home equity 137 — 137 326 225 551 Total $ 8,675 $ 1,153 $ 9,828 $ 13,699 $ 1,188 $ 14,887 The following table presents the aging of past due loans at year-end by class of loans: December 31, 2019 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 Days or Days Days Greater Total Loans Not Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial $ 4,770 $ 2,097 $ 3,217 $ 10,084 $ 621,463 $ 631,547 Real estate: CRE — — 5,094 5,094 1,505,498 1,510,592 Land and construction — — — — 150,634 150,634 Home equity — 137 — 137 175,115 175,252 Residential mortgages — — — — 46,256 46,256 Consumer — — — — 19,882 19,882 Total $ 4,770 $ 2,234 $ 8,311 $ 15,315 $ 2,518,848 $ 2,534,163 December 31, 2018 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 Days or Days Days Greater Total Loans Not Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial $ 5,698 $ 1,916 $ 1,258 $ 8,872 $ 588,891 $ 597,763 Real estate: CRE — — — — 994,067 994,067 Land and construction — — — — 122,358 122,358 Home equity — — — — 109,112 109,112 Residential mortgages — — — — 50,979 50,979 Consumer 1 — — 1 12,452 12,453 Total $ 5,699 $ 1,916 $ 1,258 $ 8,873 $ 1,877,859 $ 1,886,732 Past due loans 30 days or greater totaled $ 15,315,000 and $8,873,000 at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of which $7,413,000 and $430,000 were on nonaccrual. At December 31, 2019, there were also $1,262,000 loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. At December 31, 2018, there were also $13,269,000 loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. Management’s classification of a loan as “nonaccrual” is an indication that there is reasonable doubt as to the full recovery of principal or interest on the loan. At that point, the Company stops accruing interest income, and reverses any uncollected interest that had been accrued as income. The Company begins recognizing interest income only as cash interest payments are received and it has been determined the collection of all outstanding principal is not in doubt. The loans may or may not be collateralized, and collection efforts are pursued. Credit Quality Indicators Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of clients are engaged in similar business activities, or activities in the same geographic region, or have similar features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. The Company’s loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial (primarily manufacturing, wholesale, and service) and real estate lending, with the balance in consumer loans. While no specific industry concentration is considered significant, the Company’s lending operations are located in the Company’s market areas that are dependent on the technology and real estate industries and their supporting companies. Thus, the Company’s borrowers could be adversely impacted by a continued downturn in these sectors of the economy which could reduce the demand for loans and adversely impact the borrowers’ ability to repay their loans. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information; historical payment experience; credit documentation; public information; and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. Nonclassified loans generally include those loans that are expected to be repaid in accordance with contractual loans terms. Classified loans are those loans that are assigned a substandard, substandard‑nonaccrual, or doubtful risk rating using the following definitions: Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well‑defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard‑Nonaccrual. Loans classified as substandard‑nonaccrual are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any, and it is probable that the Company will not receive payment of the full contractual principal and interest. Loans so classified have a well‑defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. In addition, the Company no longer accrues interest on the loan because of the underlying weaknesses. Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectable. In addition, loans of so little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted are classified as loss. This classification does not necessarily mean that a loan has no recovery or salvage value; but rather, there is much doubt about whether, how much, or when the recovery will occur. Loans classified as loss are immediately charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Therefore, there is no balance to report at December 31, 2019 or 2018. The following table provides a summary of the loan portfolio by loan type and credit quality classification for the periods indicated: December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Nonclassified Classified Total Nonclassified Classified Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial $ 623,768 7,779 $ 631,547 $ 584,845 $ 12,918 $ 597,763 Real estate: CRE 1,492,126 18,466 1,510,592 985,193 8,874 994,067 Land and construction 147,553 3,081 150,634 122,358 — 122,358 Home equity 171,999 3,253 175,252 107,495 1,617 109,112 Residential mortgages 46,256 — 46,256 50,979 — 50,979 Consumer 19,882 — 19,882 12,453 — 12,453 Total $ 2,501,584 $ 32,579 $ 2,534,163 $ 1,863,323 $ 23,409 $ 1,886,732 The increase in classified assets at December 31, 2019 was primarily due to classified assets acquired from Presidio. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed in compliance with the Company’s underwriting policy. The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2019 was $1,039,000, which included $590,000 of nonaccrual loans and $449,000 of accruing loans. The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2018 was $649,000, which included $36,000 of nonaccrual loans and $613,000 of accruing loans. Approximately $20,000 and $38,000 in specific reserves were established with respect to these loans as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no additional amounts committed on any loan classified as a troubled debt restructuring. The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings: During the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Pre-modification Post-modification Number Outstanding Outstanding of Recorded Recorded Troubled Debt Restructurings: Contracts Investment Investment (Dollars in thousands) Commercial 3 $ 591 $ 591 Total 3 $ 591 $ 591 During the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Pre-modification Post-modification Number Outstanding Outstanding of Recorded Recorded Troubled Debt Restructurings: Contracts Investment Investment (Dollars in thousands) Commercial 2 $ 112 $ 112 Equity 1 224 224 Total 3 $ 336 $ 336 During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, there were no troubled debt restructurings in which the amount of principal or accrued interest owed from the borrower was forgiven or which resulted in a charge-off or change to the allowance for loan losses. A loan is considered to be in payment default when it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no defaults on troubled debt restructurings, within twelve months following the modification, during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. A loan that is a troubled debt restructuring on nonaccrual status may return to accruing status after a period of at least six months of consecutive payments in accordance with the modified terms. HBC makes loans to executive officers, directors, and their affiliates. The following table presents the loans outstanding to these related parties for the periods indicated: 2019 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Beginning of year balance $ — $ 531 Repayment on loans during the year — (531) End of year balance $ — $ — |