Ipass (IPAS) 10-K 14 Mar 17 2016 FY Annual report Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Feb. 28, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	IPASS INC
Entity Central Index Key	1,053,374
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2016
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,016
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		65,784,605
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Public Float			$ 79,109,437

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,072	$ 20,294
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $142 and $241, respectively	12,361	9,746
Prepaid Expense, Current	1,344	2,762
Other Assets, Current	225	342
Total current assets	30,002	33,144
Property and equipment, net	2,485	4,009
Other assets	688	690
Total assets	33,175	37,843
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	7,069	6,291
Accrued liabilities	3,874	5,356
Deferred revenue, short-term	2,412	2,321
Total current liabilities	13,355	13,968
Deferred revenue, long-term	67	231
Other long-term liabilities	1,123	1,043
Total liabilities	14,545	15,242
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value (250,000,000 shares authorized; 65,776,605 and 63,384,483 shares issued and outstanding, respectively)	68	65
Additional paid-in capital	223,777	219,981
Accumulated deficit	(205,215)	(197,445)
Total stockholders’ equity	18,630	22,601
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 33,175	$ 37,843

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 142	$ 241
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock shares authorized	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock shares issued	65,776,605	63,384,483
Common stock shares outstanding	65,776,605	63,384,483

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 63,222	$ 62,564	$ 69,804
Cost of revenues and operating expenses:
Network access costs	33,150	28,472	29,608
Network operations	7,411	9,788	13,159
Research and development	7,276	9,987	11,921
Sales and marketing	11,154	10,334	15,759
General and administrative	10,792	14,662	18,073
Restructuring charges and related adjustments	788	4,232	733
Total cost of revenues and operating expenses	70,571	77,475	89,253
Operating loss	(7,349)	(14,911)	(19,449)
Interest income (expense), net	36	(54)	(119)
Foreign exchange losses	(234)	(87)	(67)
Other income (expenses), net	0	(134)	329
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes	(7,547)	(15,186)	(19,306)
Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes	(223)	(307)	7,101
Net loss from continuing operations	(7,770)	(15,493)	(12,205)
Net income from discontinued operations	0	0	19,179
Total net income (loss)	(7,770)	(15,493)	6,974
Total comprehensive net income (loss)	$ (7,770)	$ (15,493)	$ 6,974
Loss from continuing operations	$ (0.12)	$ (0.25)	$ (0.19)
Income from discontinued operations	0	0	0.30
Total net income (loss) per share	$ (0.12)	$ (0.25)	$ 0.11
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted	64,344,937	62,940,299	62,613,671

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Deficit	Ipass Unity Network Services [Member]
Discontinued Operation, Tax Effect of Gain (Loss) from Disposal of Discontinued Operation						$ 7,300,000
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	$ 29,242,000	$ 65,000	$ 218,103,000	$ 0	$ (188,926,000)
Beginning Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2013		(64,451,000)
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued, Shares	135,499	135,000
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued	$ 139,000	$ 0	$ 139,000
Restricted stock granted, Shares		(480,000)
Restricted stock cancelled, Shares	0	390,000	0
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued, Shares	118,501	119,000
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued	$ 158,000		$ 158,000
Repurchased common stock	(49,000)	$ 41,000	49,000
Stock-based compensation	2,017,000		2,017,000
Net income (loss)	6,974,000	0	0		0
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	$ 38,481,000	$ 65,000	220,368,000	0	(181,952,000)
Ending Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2014		64,754,000
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued, Shares	131,780	132,000
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued	$ 116,000	$ 0	116,000
Restricted stock granted, Shares		140,000
Restricted stock cancelled, Shares		(1,720,000)
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued, Shares	79,009	78,000
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued	$ 71,000		71,000
Disgorgement of profit	4,000		4,000
Stock-based compensation	(578,000)		(578,000)
Net income (loss)	(15,493,000)				(15,493,000)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 22,601,000	$ 65,000	219,981,000	0	(197,445,000)
Ending Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2015	63,384,483	63,384,000
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued, Shares	2,650,009	2,650,000
Exercise of stock options-common stock issued	$ 3,003,000	$ 3,000	3,000,000
Restricted stock granted, Shares		60,000
Restricted stock cancelled, Shares	(600,000)	(30,000)
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued, Shares	51,341	52,000
Employee stock purchase plan-common stock issued	$ 37,000		37,000
Disgorgement of profit	(345,000)		(345,000)
Repurchased common stock		$ 339,000
Stock-based compensation	1,104,000		1,104,000
Net income (loss)	(7,770,000)				(7,770,000)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 18,630,000	$ 68,000	$ 223,777,000	$ 0	$ (205,215,000)
Ending Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2016	65,776,605	65,777,000

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (7,770)	$ (15,493)	$ 6,974
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Gain on sale of discontinued operations	0	0	(25,014)
Stock-based compensation expense (benefit)	1,104	(578)	2,017
Depreciation and amortization	2,469	2,945	3,330
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	0	7	54
Deferred income taxes	0	107	(53)
Provision for (recovery of) doubtful accounts	11	83	(169)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(2,626)	234	2,816
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,535	(529)	(404)
Other assets	2	243	232
Accounts payable	414	(946)	(1,637)
Accrued liabilities	(628)	(1,854)	(3,406)
Deferred revenue	(73)	2,000	(329)
Other liabilities	80	164	753
Net cash used in operating activities	(5,482)	(13,617)	(14,836)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(581)	(812)	(1,318)
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations	0	0	26,750
Change in restricted cash	0	1,550	100
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(581)	738	25,532
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and disgorgement of profit	3,040	191	248
Principal payments for vendor financed property and equipment	(854)	(832)	(1,147)
Stock Repurchase Program, Authorized Amount	(345)	0	0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	1,841	(641)	(899)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(4,222)	(13,520)	9,797
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	20,294	33,814
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	16,072	20,294	33,814
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Net cash paid for taxes	242	233	259
Accrued amounts for acquisition of property and equipment	373	9	73
Vendor financing of property and equipment	$ 0	$ 0	$ 501

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The Company's consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of iPass Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The Company reports comprehensive income (loss) in a single continuous financial statement within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) is equivalent to its net income (loss) because the Company does not have any transactions that are recorded through other comprehensive income (loss). The Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) have been reclassified for all periods presented to reflect discontinued operations treatment. (Refer to Note 15 for discussion related to Divestiture of Business Segment).

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies	Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used for, but not limited to revenue, the valuation of accounts receivables, other long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, legal contingencies, deferred revenue, network access costs, income taxes, and sales tax liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Actual results could differ from the estimates made by management with respect to these and other items. Foreign Currency Accounting The U.S. Dollar is the functional currency for the Company and all of its subsidiaries; therefore, the Company does not have a translation adjustment recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). While the Company’s revenue contracts are denominated in United States (“U.S.”) dollars, the Company has foreign operations that incur expenses in various foreign currencies. Monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using the current exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities and capital accounts are remeasured using historical exchange rates. Foreign currency expenses are remeasured using the exchange rates in effect during each period. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of investments in institutional money market funds. Concentrations of Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held by two financial institutions. The Company is exposed to risk in the event of default by these financial institutions or the issuers of these securities to the extent the balances are in excess of amounts that are insured by the FDIC. The Company’s receivables are derived from revenue earned from customers located primarily in the United States and EMEA. The Company provides credit to its customers in the normal course of business and requires no collateral to secure accounts receivable. The Company maintains an allowance for potentially uncollectible accounts receivable based on its assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on customer-specific identification, which encompasses various factors, including; the Company’s review of credit profiles of its customers, age of the accounts receivable balances, contractual terms and conditions, current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay and historical payment experience. As of December 31, 2016, accounts receivables from customers in the EMEA region and in the United States represented 46% and 50% of total accounts receivable respectively. 77% of our accounts receivables balance were due within the Company’s standard credit term of 30 days and 96% were aged less than 90 days past due. For the years ended of December 31, 2016 and 2015, two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of total accounts receivable each. As of December 31, 2014, one individual customer represented 10% or more of total accounts receivable. For the year ended December 31, 2016, one supplier represented 29% of total network access costs. For the year ended December 31, 2015, two suppliers represented 26% and 11% of total network access costs, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, two suppliers represented 14% and 13% of total network access costs, respectively. No other individual supplier represented more than 10% of total network access costs in 2016, 2015 and 2014. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of leasehold improvements are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: • Equipment: 3 to 5 years • Furniture and fixtures: 5 years • Computer software: 3 to 5 years • Leasehold improvements: the shorter of the useful life of the leasehold improvements or the term of the underlying lease Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Construction in progress is related to the construction or development of property and equipment that has not yet been placed in service. Depreciation for equipment and computer software begins once it is placed in service and depreciation for leasehold improvements commences once they are ready for intended use. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, along with net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent management believe these assets would more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. In the event management was to determine that the Company would be able to realize the deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, the Company would make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which would reduce the provision for income taxes. The Company’s policy with respect to its undistributed foreign subsidiaries’ earnings is to consider those earnings to be indefinitely reinvested and accordingly, no related provision for U.S. federal, state or foreign income taxes has been provided. As of December 31 2016, approximately $10.1 million of foreign earnings have been deemed repatriated under the US tax law. Only the US federal and state income tax consequences have been provided on those earnings, however, they will not be deemed to be repatriated under foreign laws. The major foreign jurisdictions where the Company has operations includes India and the U.K. Upon distribution of earnings from India and the U.K. in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company may be subject to both U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes in the various foreign countries. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the cumulative undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries approximated $10.7 million and $11.5 million , respectively. The amount of cash and cash equivalents held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $0.4 million and $0.4 million , respectively. The Company currently does not intend to distribute any of its remaining unrepatriated earnings by its foreign subsidiaries to the parent company in the U.S. If the income is to be distributed, the net of $0.6 million will be subject to U.S. tax. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Company classifies the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that the Company anticipates payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and could significantly affect the effective tax rate and cash flows in future years. The Company recognizes estimated interest and penalties relating to income tax uncertainties as a component of the provision for income taxes. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value and is recognized as expense over the award’s requisite service period. Awards that vest based on service criteria are expensed on a straight-line basis. Awards having accelerated vesting based on achieving certain performance criteria are expensed on graded vesting basis over the vesting period, after assessing the probability of achieving the requisite performance criteria. The Company’s stock-based payment awards to employees and directors include stock options, restricted stock units and awards, and employee purchase rights granted in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Certain restricted stock awards have performance-based goals based on the achievement of targeted quarterly revenue of Open Mobile with a time based accelerator, rolling four quarters of targeted revenue of Open Mobile, targeted EBITA, or targeted number of active Open Mobile monetized users; any of which require an assessment of the probability and timing of vesting. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and employee purchase rights on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that requires the use of assumptions such as expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rates and expected dividends. The expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility and the expected term is based on the historical average expected term. Because stock-based compensation expense is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. The expected forfeiture rate is based upon the historical experience of employee turnover and certain other factors. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is different from the expected rate, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met; persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, service has been provided to the customer, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. When the above criteria are not met, revenue is deferred and recognized upon cash collection, upon acceptance of a completion certificate from the customer or when the service is rendered, depending on the type of fee or service arrangement. We report revenue net of sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental taxing authorities. Network Fees The Company recognizes network fees during the period the services are rendered to the end-users based on usage or a flat fee. The Company has two types of flat fee arrangements for its network services. The first is a recurring flat fee that is billed at the same dollar amount each month. The second is a recurring fee calculated based on a flat fee per user per month, of which the dollar amount billed would differ month-to-month depending on the number of users using the Company’s services during a given month. The Company frequently requires customers to commit to minimum network fees associated with monthly, quarterly or annual minimum network usage or over the term of the arrangement. For customers that have agreed to a Minimum Monthly Commitment ("MMC"), the customer’s monthly invoice reflects the greater of the customer’s actual usage for the month or the MMC for that month. If the MMC exceeds actual usage (a “Shortfall”), the Company determines whether the Shortfall is fixed or determinable. If the Company concludes that the Shortfall is fixed or determinable, based upon the customer's specific billing history, and other revenue recognition criteria have been met, the Company recognizes as revenue the amount of Shortfall which is invoiced. If the Company concludes that the Shortfall is not fixed or determinable, the Company recognizes revenue when the Shortfall amount is collected. The Company also bills certain network fees upfront and recognizes such fees ratably over the term as services are provided. Platform Services and Other Fees Platform services are any services that allow a user to connect to a network using the iPass application. Fees for this service are typically based upon a monthly rate, and revenue is recognized during the month the services are provided. Revenue related to iPassConnect (“iPC”) fees, including extended support fees as the iPC product reached end-of-life in 2012, and Open Mobile Platform fees are typically based upon a monthly rate (per user rate or a flat fee) and are recognized during the month the services are provided. Start-up support service fees representing charges to new customers, customization services and standard training may be billed up-front in advance and recognized as revenue over the term of the contract or service delivery. Deferred Revenue The Company defers revenue for services that are billed in advance or prepaid as required per customer agreements. Revenue is recognized as the services are being delivered, or ratably over the estimated service period, depending on the nature of the service. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within one year are classified as short-term. For services that have been billed but not yet performed and the related receivable has not been collected, for balance sheet presentation purposes, the Company offsets the deferred revenue with the related accounts receivable, despite the receivable representing an enforceable obligation. Network Access Costs Network access costs represent the amounts paid to network access providers monthly for the usage of their networks. The Company has minimum purchase commitments with some network service providers for access that it expects to utilize during the term of the contracts. Costs of minimum purchase contracts are recognized as network access costs at the greater of the minimum commitment or actual usage. Advertising Expenses Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were approximately $45,000 and $46,000 , $ 0.1 million , respectively. Internal Use Software Development Costs The Company follows the guidance set forth in ASC 350-40, Internal Use Software , (“ASC 350-40”), in accounting for the development of its application service and other internal use applications. ASC 350-40 requires companies to capitalize qualifying computer software costs, which are incurred during the application development stage. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. The Company capitalized $0.3 million , $0.1 million , and $0.3 million in 2016, 2015, and 2014 respectively. Depreciation and amortization expenses related to the Company's internally developed software was approximately $0.8 million , and $0.9 million and $0.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Management evaluates the useful lives of the Company’s assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There were no impairments to long lived assets during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

Financial Instruments and Fair

Financial Instruments and Fair Value	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Financial Instruments and Fair Value	Financial Instruments and Fair Value Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the principal or most advantageous market between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Fair Value Hierarchy The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows: • Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; • Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and • Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The recurring fair values of these financial assets (excluding cash) were determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively: As of December 31, 2016 As of December 31, 2015 Fair Value Measured Using Total Balance Fair Value Measured Using Total Balance Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) Financial assets Money market funds (1) $ 14,083 $ — $ — $ 14,083 $ 18,021 $ — $ — $ 18,021 Total financial assets $ 14,083 $ — $ — $ 14,083 $ 18,021 $ — $ — $ 18,021 (1) Held in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2, and 3 between December 31, 2016 , and December 31, 201 5. As of December 31, 2016 , and December 31, 2015 , the carrying amount of accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred revenue approximates fair value due to their short maturities. (Refer to Note 7 and 8 for discussion related to Accrued Restructuring and Vendor Financed Property and Equipment).

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment, net consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Equipment $ 10,492 $ 10,431 Furniture and fixtures 378 378 Computer software 10,431 9,894 Construction in progress 303 10 Leasehold improvements 536 526 22,140 21,239 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (19,655 ) (17,230 ) Property and equipment, net $ 2,485 $ 4,009 Depreciation expense for continuing operations was approximately $2.5 million , $2.9 million , and $3.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. There was no depreciation expense for discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Depreciation expense for discontinued operations was approximately $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company retired less than $0.1 million of gross property and equipment related to continuing operations and did not incur a material loss on disposal. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company retired approximately $2.2 million of gross property and equipment related to continuing operations and did not incur a material loss on disposal. During 2013, the Company acquired approximately $2.6 million of enterprise database software and infrastructure hardware. During April 2014, the Company acquired approximately $0.5 million of additional enterprise infrastructure hardware. As of December 31, 2016, the net book value of this enterprise database software and infrastructure hardware in computer software and equipment held by the Company was approximately $0.1 million . During 2016, the Company extended the license related to the previously acquired software for approximately $0.5 million to be paid over one year.

Other Assets

Other Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Assets [Abstract]
Other Assets	Other Assets Other assets (non-current) consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Deposits $ 480 $ 470 Long-term deferred tax asset, net 208 220 $ 688 $ 690

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued Liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Accrued Liabilities	Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Tax liabilities $ 927 $ 1,065 Accrued restructuring liabilities—current (1) — 250 Accrued bonus, commissions and other employee benefits 808 1,168 Accrued for vendor financed property and equipment (2) 373 572 Amounts due to customers 869 728 Other accrued liabilities 897 1,573 $ 3,874 $ 5,356 (1) See Note 7. Accrued Restructuring (2) See Note 8. Vendor Financed Property and Equipment

Accrued Restructuring (Notes)

Accrued Restructuring (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Accrued Restructuring	Accrued Restructuring During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company announced restructuring plans (the “2009 Plans”) to reduce operating costs and focus resources on key strategic priorities, which resulted in a workforce reduction of 146 positions across all functional areas and abandonment of certain facilities and termination of a contract obligation. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had remaining lease payments of approximately $0.1 million , which were recorded at fair value at the time of restructuring plan was announced. As of December 31, 2015, the Company completed all the related payments associated with this restructuring plan. During the first quarter of 2013, the Company announced a restructuring plan (the “Q1 2013 Plan”) to re-align its cost structure to focus investments, resources and operating expenses on the Company’s growing Open Mobile business, which resulted in a workforce reduction of 16 positions across all functional areas and termination of a lease contract. As of December 31, 2014, the Company completed all of the related payments associated with this restructuring plan. During the third quarter of 2014, the Company announced a restructuring plan (the "Q3 2014 Plan") to re-align its cost structure as a result of the divestiture of its Unity business, which resulted in a workforce reduction of approximately 20 employees worldwide and the termination of lease contracts for certain leased facilities. The Company recorded approximately $0.7 million of restructuring charges during fiscal year 2014, and had less than $0.1 million of payments remaining as of December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2015, the Company completed all the related payments associated with this restructuring plan. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company announced a restructuring plan (the "Q2 2015 Plan") intended to flatten the organization, create a more nimble sales and delivery infrastructure to support a SaaS go to market strategy, and accelerate the cash flow break-even point for the Company. The Q2 2015 Plan reduced headcount globally by approximately 14% and the Company recorded approximately $4.2 million of restructuring charges during fiscal year 2015 and had approximately $0.2 million of payments remaining as of December 31, 2015 for employees termination costs. As of December 31, 2016 the Company completed all the related payments associated with this restructuring plan. During the first quarter of 2016, the Company announced a restructuring plan (the "Q1 2016 Plan") and reduced headcount globally by 57 employees, or 30% of the workforce, and primarily eliminated positions in engineering and network operations groups, including a reduction of personnel in India. This resulted in a charge of approximately $0.8 million in 2016, and as of December 31, 2016 the Company has completed all of the related payments associated this restructuring Plan. The following is a rollforward of restructuring liability for the above Plans: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Beginning balance $ 250 $ 160 $ 317 Restructuring charges and related adjustments 788 4,232 733 Payments and adjustments (1,038 ) (4,142 ) (890 ) Ending balance $ — $ 250 $ 160

Vendor Financed Property and Eq

Vendor Financed Property and Equipment (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Vendor Financed Property and Equipment [Text Block]	Vendor Financed Property and Equipment In October 2013, the Company acquired enterprise database software and infrastructure hardware. This purchase was financed through a vendor and was to be paid over three years . In April 2014, the Company acquired additional enterprise infrastructure hardware which was financed through the vendor and is to be paid over two years . The total purchase financed by a vendor was approximately $3.1 million . Since October 2013, the Company made approximately $3.1 million of principal payments, and as of December 31, 2016 the Company had completed all remaining principal payments. In October 2016, the Company extended the license related to the previously acquired software for approximately $0.5 million to be paid over one year. The Company made approximately $0.1 million of principal payments in 2016, and as of December 31, 2016, approximately $0.4 million was recorded to accrued liabilities, based on the payment terms.

Income Taxes (Notes)

Income Taxes (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is based on loss from continuing operations for 2016, 2015 and 2014 before taxes as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) U.S Source $ (8,167 ) $ (16,251 ) $ (20,306 ) Foreign Source 620 1,065 1,000 Loss before income taxes $ (7,547 ) $ (15,186 ) $ (19,306 ) The provision for income taxes for continuing operations consisted of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Current: U.S. federal $ — $ — $ — State 9 (7 ) (3 ) Foreign 200 207 278 $ 209 $ 200 $ 275 Deferred: U.S. federal $ — $ — $ (7,107 ) State — — (219 ) Foreign 14 107 (50 ) 14 107 (7,376 ) Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes $ 223 $ 307 $ (7,101 ) Income tax expenses (benefit) was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, of approximately $0.2 million, $0.3 million, and $(7.1) million, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 primarily relates to foreign taxes on expected profits in foreign jurisdictions. The income tax benefit recorded in the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 primarily reflects an offset to tax expense on discontinued operations of $7.3 million. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes as well as net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company provided a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets in the United States, United Kingdom, Israel, Australia and Japan. The components of deferred tax assets consisted of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carry forwards $ 30,243 $ 28,035 Reserves and accruals 1,507 1,485 Research and other tax credits 6,255 5,849 Share based compensation 2,456 2,755 Property and equipment 2,493 2,859 Total deferred tax assets $ 42,954 $ 40,983 Valuation allowance (41,788 ) (39,557 ) Net deferred tax assets 1,166 1,426 Deferred tax liabilities: Property and equipment (958 ) (1,206 ) Total net deferred tax assets $ 208 $ 220 The provision for income taxes for continuing operations differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to pretax loss before income taxes as a result of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Federal statutory rate (35 )% (35 )% (35 )% State taxes, net of federal benefit (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) Foreign tax rate differential — — (1 ) Amortization of stock-based compensation 6 1 2 Research and development benefit (2 ) (3 ) (2 ) Deemed repatriated foreign earnings 1 6 2 Other 1 — — Valuation allowance 33 34 (1 ) Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes 3 % 2 % (36 )% As of December 31, 2016, the Company had gross cumulative net operating loss carry forwards for federal and state tax reporting purposes of approximately $87.8 million and $41.1 million , respectively, which expire in various periods between 2017 and 2036. In addition, $7.6 million and $3.9 million for federal and state respectively, are related to stock compensation deductions in excess of book deductions, the tax effect of which would be to credit accumulated paid-in capital if realized. Also included in the valuation allowance as of December 31, 2016 is approximately $8.4 million gross, related to net operating loss carry forwards in Israel. Utilization of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are subject to annual limitations due to certain ownership change rules provided by the Internal Revenue Service Code of 1986, as amended and similar state provisions. As of December 31, 2016, the Company also has research and development tax credit carry forwards of approximately $3.2 million and $4.7 million for federal and state income tax purposes, respectively. If not utilized, the federal carry forwards will expire in various amounts through 2036. The state credit can be carried forward indefinitely. The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands): Balance at January 1, 2014 $ 6,567 Increases for positions taken in prior years 5 Increases for positions related to the current year 186 Decreases for positions taken in prior years (18 ) Decreases for statutes lapsing (66 ) Balance at December 31, 2014 $ 6,674 Increases for positions taken in prior years 483 Increases for positions related to the current year 320 Decreases for statutes lapsing (20 ) FX impact (11 ) Balance at December 31, 2015 $ 7,446 Increases for positions taken in prior years — Increases for positions related to the current year 149 Decreases for positions taken in prior years (1,359 ) Decreases for statutes lapsing (21 ) FX impact (7 ) Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 6,208 The decrease in unrecognized tax benefits primarily relates to the release of reserve on California research and development tax credits due to the completion of California audit. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the company had $0.7 million and $0.8 million , respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, will have an impact on the company's effective tax rate. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in 2017. Decreases in the unrecognized tax benefits will result from the lapsing of statutes of limitations and the possible completion of tax audits in various jurisdictions. Increases will primarily result from tax positions expected to be taken on tax returns for 2017 or unanticipated findings on tax audits of open years in various jurisdictions. In accordance with its accounting policy, the Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in the provision for income taxes; which were not considered material during 2016, 2015, and 2014. The Company’s major taxing jurisdictions are U.S. Federal, California, the U.K. and India. In the normal course of the Company’s business, the Company is subject to income tax audits in various jurisdictions. Years 2007 to 2016 remain open to examination by certain of these major taxing jurisdictions. The Company currently has income tax audits in progress in India and has accrued approximately $0.6 million in connection with these audits.

Stockholders' Equity (Notes)

Stockholders' Equity (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stock Repurchase Program On November 3, 2015, the Board authorized a share repurchase program of up to $3.0 million of the Company’s Common Stock beginning in the fourth quarter of 2015. Under the repurchase program, the Company was authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. The repurchase program ran through December 31, 2016. The number of shares repurchased and the timing of purchases were based on general business and market conditions, and other factors, including legal requirements. During 2015, no shares had been repurchased under this program. During 2016, the Company repurchased 339,228 shares for $ 345,296 under the repurchase program, for an average price of $1.02 per share.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies Leases and Purchase Commitments The Company leases facilities under operating leases that expire at various dates through October 2020. Certain leases are cancellable prior to lease expiration dates. The terms of certain operating leases provide for rental payments on a graduated scale. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the respective lease periods and has accrued for rent expense incurred but not paid. Future minimum lease payments under these operating leases, as of December 31, 2016, are as follows: Operating Leases (In thousands) Year ending December 31: 2017 $ 1,476 2018 1,094 2019 1,082 2020 926 $ 4,578 Rent expense for operating leases, excluding leases accounted for under the Company’s restructuring plan for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 was $1.7 million , $1.9 million , and $2.3 million , respectively. The Company has contracts with certain network service providers which have minimum purchase commitments that expire on various dates through 2018. Future minimum purchase commitments under all agreements are as follows: Year ending December 31: Minimum Purchase Commitments (In thousands) 2017 $ 29,076 2018 3,625 $ 32,701 Sales Tax Liabilities The Company’s sales and use tax filings are subject to customary audits by authorities in the jurisdictions where it conducts business in the United States, which may result in assessments of additional taxes. During fiscal year 2009, the Company determined that additional sales taxes were probable of being assessed for multiple states as a result of the preliminary findings specific to a sales and use tax audit that had been initiated in the same year. As a result, in the third quarter of 2009, the Company estimated an incremental sales tax liability of approximately $5.0 million , including interest and penalties of approximately $1.5 million . During subsequent years, this liability was reduced through sales tax payments, settlements with certain state tax authorities and revised estimates of the sales tax liability to $1.0 million in 2016 and $0.9 million in 2015, which is included in other long-term liabilities. Unclaimed Property Compliance The Company has received notices from several states stating that they have appointed an agent to conduct an examination of the books and records of the Company to determine whether it has complied with state unclaimed property laws. In addition to seeking the turnover of unclaimed property subject to escheat laws, the states may seek interest, penalties, costs of examinations, and other relief. If the potential loss from any payment claim is considered probable and the amount or the range of the loss can be estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss. To date, we are not able to estimate the possible payment, if any, due to the early state of this matter. Legal Proceedings The Company is involved in legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. While there can be no assurances as to the ultimate outcome of any litigation involving the Company, management does not believe any such pending legal proceeding or claim will result in a judgment or settlement that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In the ordinary course of business, the Company may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, business partners, and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of the Company’s breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company, or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third-parties. Certain indemnification agreements may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. If the potential loss from any indemnification claim is considered probable and the amount or the range of the loss can be estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss. To date, claims under such indemnification provisions have not been significant.

Employee 401 Plan (Notes)

Employee 401 Plan (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]
Employee 401(k) Plan	Employee 401(k) Plan The Company sponsors a 401(k) plan covering all employees. Matching contributions to the plan are at the discretion of the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, there have been no employer contributions under this plan.

Net Loss Per Common Share

Net Loss Per Common Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Loss Per Common Share	Note 13. Net Loss Per Common Share Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to shareholders by the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding. Unvested participating securities that vest based on service are included in the weighted daily average number of shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic net income per share and excluded in the calculation of basic net loss per share. When an entity has a loss from continuing operations, including potential shares in the denominator of diluted per-share computations for continuing operations will generally be antidilutive, even if the entity has net income after adjusting for discontinued operations. That is, including potential shares in the denominator of the earnings per share calculation for a loss-making entity will generally decrease the loss per share and, therefore those shares should be excluded from calculations of diluted earnings per share. Accordingly, for all periods presented, basic weighted-average shares outstanding were used in calculating the diluted net income (loss) per share. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands, except per share amounts) Numerator: Net loss from continuing operations $ (7,770 ) $ (15,493 ) $ (12,205 ) Net income from discontinued operations — — 19,179 Net income (loss) $ (7,770 ) $ (15,493 ) $ 6,974 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted 64,344,937 62,940,299 62,613,671 Net income (loss) per share - basic and diluted: Loss from continuing operations $ (0.12 ) $ (0.25 ) $ (0.19 ) Income from discontinued operations — — 0.30 Net income (loss) per share $ (0.12 ) $ (0.25 ) $ 0.11 The following items have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because the effect of including these shares would have been anti-dilutive: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Options to purchase common stock 5,340,915 5,628,172 4,703,978 Restricted stock awards, including participating securities 265,832 1,907,500 2,195,750 Total 5,606,747 7,535,672 6,899,728 The weighted-average exercise price of options to purchase common stock excluded from the computation was $1.35 , $1.50 , and $2.20 , for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Segment and Geographical Inform

Segment and Geographical Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment and Geographical Information	Note 14. Segment and Geographic Information Prior to 2014, the Company had two reportable operating segments, Mobile Connectivity Services and iPass Unity Network Services (“Unity”). The Mobile Connectivity Services segment included services that help enterprises manage the networks, connections and devices used by their mobile workforce. The iPass Unity segment provided customers with Wi-Fi and Wide Area Network solutions. On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into an agreement and completed the sale of its Unity business segment, which is reported in this filing as discontinued operations. Therefore, the Company currently has a single reportable operating segment. The following table summarizes total Company revenue from continuing operations by country or by geographical region: For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 United States 41 % 41 % 35 % Europe, Middle East and Africa 49 % 48 % 48 % Asia Pacific 9 % 10 % 15 % Rest of the world 1 % 1 % 2 % No individual country, except for the United States and Germany, accounted for 10% or more of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016. No individual country, except for the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, accounted for 10% or more of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. Revenues in Germany accounted for 14% , 15% , and 15% of total revenues in 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Revenues in the United Kingdom accounted for 10% and 11% of total revenues in 2015 and 2014, respectively. One customer accounted for 10% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Divestiture of Business Segment

Divestiture of Business Segment (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Divestiture of Business Segment	Divestiture of Business Segment On June 30, 2014 the Company entered into an agreement and completed the sale of its Unity business segment for gross cash proceeds of approximately $28.1 million , and accrued approximately $2.2 million of transaction costs which were fully paid as of December 31, 2014. The Company recorded a gain on sale of approximately $25.0 million . The gross cash proceeds included $1.4 million that was placed into an escrow account to cover any contingent claims made by the buyer against iPass through June 30, 2015 and was recorded in Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The restriction was removed at June 30, 2015 with the expiration of the escrow agreement. In accordance with ASC 205-20, the results of operations for the Unity business segment were reported as discontinued operations. Concurrent with the sale of its Unity business segment, iPass and the buyer entered into a transition services agreement pursuant to which each of the parties would provide certain transitional, administrative, and support services to the other party for a period up to six months, which could be extended upon mutual agreement. Such services provided to the buyer by iPass were recorded as contra-expense since the Company was reimbursed for the service cost incurred. Activity associated with transitional service is not considered significant relative to the consolidated financial statements of the Company and was fully concluded as of December 31, 2015. Income tax expense was recorded in discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2014 of approximately $7.3 million . This primarily reflects tax expense on income or gains from discontinued operations with an offsetting benefit in continuing operations of $7.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2014. The offsetting tax benefits in 2014 represented the Company’s ability to utilize net operating losses to offset tax associated with the gain on the sale of the Unity business. The following table presents the revenues and components of discontinued operations, net of tax: Year Ended Revenue (1) $ 15,458 Income from discontinued operations before income taxes (1) $ 1,506 Gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes (1) 25,014 Provision for income taxes (7,341 ) Income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ 19,179 (1) Amounts recorded through June 30, 2014, date of the sale agreement of the Unity business segment. The table above excludes certain shared overhead costs and transfer pricing adjustments that were previously allocated to the Unity business segment in the historical iPass consolidated financial statements that were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") as ASC 205-20 prohibits the allocation of general overhead costs to the discontinued operation. The provisions for income taxes primarily reflects tax expense on discontinued operations including the gain on sale, which is mostly offset by tax benefit in continuing operations.

Stock Repurchase Program

Stock Repurchase Program	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Equity [Abstract]
Stock Repurchase Program	Stock Repurchase Program On November 3, 2015, the Board authorized a share repurchase program of up to $3.0 million of the Company’s Common Stock beginning in the fourth quarter of 2015. Under the repurchase program, the Company was authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. The repurchase program ran through December 31, 2016. The number of shares repurchased and the timing of purchases were based on general business and market conditions, and other factors, including legal requirements. During 2015, no shares had been repurchased under this program. During 2016, the Company repurchased 339,228 shares for $ 345,296 under the repurchase program, for an average price of $1.02 per share.

Schedule II - Valuation and Qua

Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Receivable	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE	SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Classification Balance at Beginning of Year Additions Charged to (recovered from) Costs and Expenses Deductions Balance at End of Year (In thousands) Allowance for doubtful accounts: Year ended December 31 2016 $ 241 $ 11 $ 110 $ 142 2015 172 83 14 241 2014 1,010 (169 ) 669 172

Significant Accounting Polici24

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used for, but not limited to revenue, the valuation of accounts receivables, other long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, legal contingencies, deferred revenue, network access costs, income taxes, and sales tax liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Actual results could differ from the estimates made by management with respect to these and other items.
Foreign Currency Accounting	Foreign Currency Accounting The U.S. Dollar is the functional currency for the Company and all of its subsidiaries; therefore, the Company does not have a translation adjustment recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). While the Company’s revenue contracts are denominated in United States (“U.S.”) dollars, the Company has foreign operations that incur expenses in various foreign currencies. Monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using the current exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities and capital accounts are remeasured using historical exchange rates. Foreign currency expenses are remeasured using the exchange rates in effect during each period. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Cash Equivalents	Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of investments in institutional money market funds.
Restricted Cash
Concentrations of Risk	Concentrations of Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held by two financial institutions. The Company is exposed to risk in the event of default by these financial institutions or the issuers of these securities to the extent the balances are in excess of amounts that are insured by the FDIC. The Company’s receivables are derived from revenue earned from customers located primarily in the United States and EMEA. The Company provides credit to its customers in the normal course of business and requires no collateral to secure accounts receivable. The Company maintains an allowance for potentially uncollectible accounts receivable based on its assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on customer-specific identification, which encompasses various factors, including; the Company’s review of credit profiles of its customers, age of the accounts receivable balances, contractual terms and conditions, current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay and historical payment experience. As of December 31, 2016, accounts receivables from customers in the EMEA region and in the United States represented 46% and 50% of total accounts receivable respectively. 77% of our accounts receivables balance were due within the Company’s standard credit term of 30 days and 96% were aged less than 90 days past due. For the years ended of December 31, 2016 and 2015, two individual customers accounted for 10% or more of total accounts receivable each. As of December 31, 2014, one individual customer represented 10% or more of total accounts receivable. For the year ended December 31, 2016, one supplier represented 29% of total network access costs. For the year ended December 31, 2015, two suppliers represented 26% and 11% of total network access costs, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, two suppliers represented 14% and 13% of total network access costs, respectively. No other individual supplier represented more than 10% of total network access costs in 2016, 2015 and 2014.
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of leasehold improvements are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: • Equipment: 3 to 5 years • Furniture and fixtures: 5 years • Computer software: 3 to 5 years • Leasehold improvements: the shorter of the useful life of the leasehold improvements or the term of the underlying lease Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Construction in progress is related to the construction or development of property and equipment that has not yet been placed in service. Depreciation for equipment and computer software begins once it is placed in service and depreciation for leasehold improvements commences once they are ready for intended use.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, along with net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent management believe these assets would more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. In the event management was to determine that the Company would be able to realize the deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, the Company would make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which would reduce the provision for income taxes. The Company’s policy with respect to its undistributed foreign subsidiaries’ earnings is to consider those earnings to be indefinitely reinvested and accordingly, no related provision for U.S. federal, state or foreign income taxes has been provided. As of December 31 2016, approximately $10.1 million of foreign earnings have been deemed repatriated under the US tax law. Only the US federal and state income tax consequences have been provided on those earnings, however, they will not be deemed to be repatriated under foreign laws. The major foreign jurisdictions where the Company has operations includes India and the U.K. Upon distribution of earnings from India and the U.K. in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company may be subject to both U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes in the various foreign countries. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the cumulative undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries approximated $10.7 million and $11.5 million , respectively. The amount of cash and cash equivalents held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $0.4 million and $0.4 million , respectively. The Company currently does not intend to distribute any of its remaining unrepatriated earnings by its foreign subsidiaries to the parent company in the U.S. If the income is to be distributed, the net of $0.6 million will be subject to U.S. tax. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Company classifies the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that the Company anticipates payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and could significantly affect the effective tax rate and cash flows in future years.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value and is recognized as expense over the award’s requisite service period. Awards that vest based on service criteria are expensed on a straight-line basis. Awards having accelerated vesting based on achieving certain performance criteria are expensed on graded vesting basis over the vesting period, after assessing the probability of achieving the requisite performance criteria. The Company’s stock-based payment awards to employees and directors include stock options, restricted stock units and awards, and employee purchase rights granted in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Certain restricted stock awards have performance-based goals based on the achievement of targeted quarterly revenue of Open Mobile with a time based accelerator, rolling four quarters of targeted revenue of Open Mobile, targeted EBITA, or targeted number of active Open Mobile monetized users; any of which require an assessment of the probability and timing of vesting. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and employee purchase rights on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that requires the use of assumptions such as expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rates and expected dividends. The expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility and the expected term is based on the historical average expected term. Because stock-based compensation expense is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. The expected forfeiture rate is based upon the historical experience of employee turnover and certain other factors. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is different from the expected rate, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met; persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, service has been provided to the customer, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. When the above criteria are not met, revenue is deferred and recognized upon cash collection, upon acceptance of a completion certificate from the customer or when the service is rendered, depending on the type of fee or service arrangement. We report revenue net of sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental taxing authorities. Network Fees The Company recognizes network fees during the period the services are rendered to the end-users based on usage or a flat fee. The Company has two types of flat fee arrangements for its network services. The first is a recurring flat fee that is billed at the same dollar amount each month. The second is a recurring fee calculated based on a flat fee per user per month, of which the dollar amount billed would differ month-to-month depending on the number of users using the Company’s services during a given month. The Company frequently requires customers to commit to minimum network fees associated with monthly, quarterly or annual minimum network usage or over the term of the arrangement. For customers that have agreed to a Minimum Monthly Commitment ("MMC"), the customer’s monthly invoice reflects the greater of the customer’s actual usage for the month or the MMC for that month. If the MMC exceeds actual usage (a “Shortfall”), the Company determines whether the Shortfall is fixed or determinable. If the Company concludes that the Shortfall is fixed or determinable, based upon the customer's specific billing history, and other revenue recognition criteria have been met, the Company recognizes as revenue the amount of Shortfall which is invoiced. If the Company concludes that the Shortfall is not fixed or determinable, the Company recognizes revenue when the Shortfall amount is collected. The Company also bills certain network fees upfront and recognizes such fees ratably over the term as services are provided. Platform Services and Other Fees Platform services are any services that allow a user to connect to a network using the iPass application. Fees for this service are typically based upon a monthly rate, and revenue is recognized during the month the services are provided. Revenue related to iPassConnect (“iPC”) fees, including extended support fees as the iPC product reached end-of-life in 2012, and Open Mobile Platform fees are typically based upon a monthly rate (per user rate or a flat fee) and are recognized during the month the services are provided. Start-up support service fees representing charges to new customers, customization services and standard training may be billed up-front in advance and recognized as revenue over the term of the contract or service delivery. Deferred Revenue The Company defers revenue for services that are billed in advance or prepaid as required per customer agreements. Revenue is recognized as the services are being delivered, or ratably over the estimated service period, depending on the nature of the service. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within one year are classified as short-term
Network Access Costs	Network Access Costs Network access costs represent the amounts paid to network access providers monthly for the usage of their networks. The Company has minimum purchase commitments with some network service providers for access that it expects to utilize during the term of the contracts. Costs of minimum purchase contracts are recognized as network access costs at the greater of the minimum commitment or actual usage.
Advertising Expenses	Advertising Expenses Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were approximately $45,000 and $46,000
Software Development Costs	Software Development Costs The Company follows the guidance set forth in ASC 350-40, Internal Use Software , (“ASC 350-40”), in accounting for the development of its application service and other internal use applications. ASC 350-40 requires companies to capitalize qualifying computer software costs, which are incurred during the application development stage. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. The Company capitalized $0.3 million , $0.1 million , and $0.3 million in 2016, 2015, and 2014 respectively. Depreciation and amortization expenses related to the Company's internally developed software was approximately $0.8 million , and $0.9 million and $0.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Management evaluates the useful lives of the Company’s assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There were no impairments to long lived assets during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

Financial Instruments and Fai25

Financial Instruments and Fair Value (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair values of assets (excluding cash) and financial liabilities	The recurring fair values of these financial assets (excluding cash) were determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively: As of December 31, 2016 As of December 31, 2015 Fair Value Measured Using Total Balance Fair Value Measured Using Total Balance Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) Financial assets Money market funds (1) $ 14,083 $ — $ — $ 14,083 $ 18,021 $ — $ — $ 18,021 Total financial assets $ 14,083 $ — $ — $ 14,083 $ 18,021 $ — $ — $ 18,021 (1) Held in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Components of property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Equipment $ 10,492 $ 10,431 Furniture and fixtures 378 378 Computer software 10,431 9,894 Construction in progress 303 10 Leasehold improvements 536 526 22,140 21,239 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (19,655 ) (17,230 ) Property and equipment, net $ 2,485 $ 4,009

Other Assets (Tables)

Other Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Assets [Abstract]
Components of other assets	Other assets (non-current) consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Deposits $ 480 $ 470 Long-term deferred tax asset, net 208 220 $ 688 $ 690

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Schedule of accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities consisted of the following: As of 2016 2015 (In thousands) Tax liabilities $ 927 $ 1,065 Accrued restructuring liabilities—current (1) — 250 Accrued bonus, commissions and other employee benefits 808 1,168 Accrued for vendor financed property and equipment (2) 373 572 Amounts due to customers 869 728 Other accrued liabilities 897 1,573 $ 3,874 $ 5,356 (1) See Note 7. Accrued Restructuring

Accrued Restructuring (Tables)

Accrued Restructuring (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Schedule of accrued restructuring	The following is a rollforward of restructuring liability for the above Plans: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Beginning balance $ 250 $ 160 $ 317 Restructuring charges and related adjustments 788 4,232 733 Payments and adjustments (1,038 ) (4,142 ) (890 ) Ending balance $ — $ 250 $ 160

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign [Table Text Block]	Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) U.S Source $ (8,167 ) $ (16,251 ) $ (20,306 ) Foreign Source 620 1,065 1,000 Loss before income taxes $ (7,547 ) $ (15,186 ) $ (19,306 )
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	The provision for income taxes for continuing operations consisted of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Current: U.S. federal $ — $ — $ — State 9 (7 ) (3 ) Foreign 200 207 278 $ 209 $ 200 $ 275 Deferred: U.S. federal $ — $ — $ (7,107 ) State — — (219 ) Foreign 14 107 (50 ) 14 107 (7,376 ) Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes $ 223 $ 307 $ (7,101 )
Components of deferred tax assets (liabilities)	Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carry forwards $ 30,243 $ 28,035 Reserves and accruals 1,507 1,485 Research and other tax credits 6,255 5,849 Share based compensation 2,456 2,755 Property and equipment 2,493 2,859 Total deferred tax assets $ 42,954 $ 40,983 Valuation allowance (41,788 ) (39,557 ) Net deferred tax assets 1,166 1,426 Deferred tax liabilities: Property and equipment (958 ) (1,206 ) Total net deferred tax assets $ 208 $ 220
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to pretax loss before income taxes	The provision for income taxes for continuing operations differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to pretax loss before income taxes as a result of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Federal statutory rate (35 )% (35 )% (35 )% State taxes, net of federal benefit (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) Foreign tax rate differential — — (1 ) Amortization of stock-based compensation 6 1 2 Research and development benefit (2 ) (3 ) (2 ) Deemed repatriated foreign earnings 1 6 2 Other 1 — — Valuation allowance 33 34 (1 ) Provision for (Benefit from) income taxes 3 % 2 % (36 )%
Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits	The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands): Balance at January 1, 2014 $ 6,567 Increases for positions taken in prior years 5 Increases for positions related to the current year 186 Decreases for positions taken in prior years (18 ) Decreases for statutes lapsing (66 ) Balance at December 31, 2014 $ 6,674 Increases for positions taken in prior years 483 Increases for positions related to the current year 320 Decreases for statutes lapsing (20 ) FX impact (11 ) Balance at December 31, 2015 $ 7,446 Increases for positions taken in prior years — Increases for positions related to the current year 149 Decreases for positions taken in prior years (1,359 ) Decreases for statutes lapsing (21 ) FX impact (7 ) Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 6,208

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Summary of the stock option and restricted stock activity	The following table summarizes the stock option and restricted stock activity under the Plans for the indicated periods: Shares Available for Future Grant Number of Options Outstanding Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Balance at December 31, 2013 21,452,678 7,606,580 $ 1.89 2,949,675 $ 1.81 Authorized 3,472,551 Granted (1) (1,505,000 ) 1,025,000 $ 1.56 $ 0.60 480,000 $ 1.18 Options Exercised (135,499 ) $ 1.03 Restricted Stock Vested (1) (336,913 ) $ 2.01 Terminated/canceled/forfeited 2,106,526 (1,675,189 ) $ 2.76 (431,337 ) $ 1.98 Balance at December 31, 2014 25,526,755 6,820,892 $ 1.64 2,661,425 $ 1.65 Authorized 3,246,685 Granted (2) (5,373,000 ) 4,033,000 $ 0.97 $ 0.45 1,340,000 $ 0.92 Options Exercised (131,780 ) $ 0.88 Restricted Stock Vested (2) (43,334 ) $ 1.25 Terminated/canceled/forfeited 4,083,092 (1,604,167 ) $ 1.99 (2,478,925 ) $ 1.66 Balance at December 31, 2015 27,483,532 9,117,945 $ 1.29 1,479,166 $ 0.98 Authorized 3,229,224 Granted (4,197,000 ) 4,137,000 $ 1.24 $ 0.62 60,000 $ 1.21 Options Exercised (2,650,009 ) $ 1.13 Restricted Stock Vested (93,335 ) $ 1.08 Terminated/canceled/forfeited 2,554,651 (1,924,651 ) $ 1.91 (630,000 ) $ 0.92 Reduce Evergreen Shares (3) (15,000,000 ) Balance at December 31, 2016 14,070,407 8,680,285 $ 1.18 815,831 $ 1.03 (1) Restricted stock granted during 2014 represent awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. Restricted stock vested during 2014 represent 378,250 restricted stock awards released (net of 41,337 shares withheld for taxes). (2) Restricted stock granted during 2015 included 140,000 awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. The remaining 1,200,000 shares of restricted stock with performance-based vesting criteria related to targeted EBITA are not considered outstanding until the performance criterion has been met and as such, are excluded from shares outstanding .
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices	The following table summarizes the stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices as of December 31, 2016: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Range of Exercise Prices Number Weighted- Weighted- Number Weighted-Average $0.71— $.9355 3,051,274 8.25 $ 0.90 1,126,121 $ 0.89 .9356 — 1.18 3,367,860 8.30 1.14 775,597 1.08 1.19— 4.00 2,261,151 7.40 1.63 892,252 1.82 Total 8,680,285 8.05 1.18 2,793,970 1.24 Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In thousands) Options outstanding at December 31, 2016 8,680,285 $ 1.18 8.10 $ 4,360 Options vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2016 7,213,829 $ 1.18 7.89 $ 3,652 Options exercisable at December 31, 2016 2,793,970 $ 1.24 6.23 $ 1,397
Summary of company's stock option activity	The following table sets forth the total stock-based compensation expense from continuing operations included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss): Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Network operations $ 33 $ (186 ) $ 202 Research and development 131 (92 ) 266 Sales and marketing 153 (80 ) 452 General and administrative 787 (220 ) 1,076 Total $ 1,104 $ (578 ) $ 1,996
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations	The following table sets forth the total stock-based compensation expense by award-type: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands) Stock options $ 906 $ 484 $ 815 Restricted stock 136 (1,138 ) 1,105 Employee stock purchase plan 62 76 76 Total $ 1,104 $ (578 ) $ 1,996
Stock-based compensation expense by award-type	The weighted average estimated fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 were calculated under the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, using the following weighted-average assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Risk-free rate 1.45 % 1.35 % 1.07 % Expected dividend yield — % — % — % Expected volatility 55 % 53 % 53 % Expected term 5.8 years 4.6 years 3.5 years
Weighted-average assumptions used in calculating fair value	Compensation cost related to the Company’s employee stock purchase plan is calculated using the fair value of the employees’ purchase rights granted. The estimated fair value of employee purchase rights granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Risk-free rate 0.58 % 0.32 % 0.10 % Expected dividend yield — % — % — % Expected volatility 44 % 62 % 63 % Expected term 0.5 to 1 year 0.5 to 1 year 0.5 to 1 year

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of future minimum lease payments	Future minimum lease payments under these operating leases, as of December 31, 2016, are as follows: Operating Leases (In thousands) Year ending December 31: 2017 $ 1,476 2018 1,094 2019 1,082 2020 926 $ 4,578
Schedule of future minimum purchase commitments	The Company has contracts with certain network service providers which have minimum purchase commitments that expire on various dates through 2018. Future minimum purchase commitments under all agreements are as follows: Year ending December 31: Minimum Purchase Commitments (In thousands) 2017 $ 29,076 2018 3,625 $ 32,701

Net Loss Per Common Share (Tabl

Net Loss Per Common Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of computation of basic and diluted net loss per share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 (In thousands, except per share amounts) Numerator: Net loss from continuing operations $ (7,770 ) $ (15,493 ) $ (12,205 ) Net income from discontinued operations — — 19,179 Net income (loss) $ (7,770 ) $ (15,493 ) $ 6,974 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted 64,344,937 62,940,299 62,613,671 Net income (loss) per share - basic and diluted: Loss from continuing operations $ (0.12 ) $ (0.25 ) $ (0.19 ) Income from discontinued operations — — 0.30 Net income (loss) per share $ (0.12 ) $ (0.25 ) $ 0.11
Schedule of anti-dilutive shares excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	The following items have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because the effect of including these shares would have been anti-dilutive: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Options to purchase common stock 5,340,915 5,628,172 4,703,978 Restricted stock awards, including participating securities 265,832 1,907,500 2,195,750 Total 5,606,747 7,535,672 6,899,728

Segment and Geographical Info34

Segment and Geographical Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Summary of revenue by geographical region	he following table summarizes total Company revenue from continuing operations by country or by geographical region: For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 United States 41 % 41 % 35 % Europe, Middle East and Africa 49 % 48 % 48 % Asia Pacific 9 % 10 % 15 % Rest of the world 1 % 1 % 2 %

Divestiture of Business Segme35

Divestiture of Business Segment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Schedule of Discontinued Operations, Income Statement	The following table presents the revenues and components of discontinued operations, net of tax: Year Ended Revenue (1) $ 15,458 Income from discontinued operations before income taxes (1) $ 1,506 Gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes (1) 25,014 Provision for income taxes (7,341 ) Income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ 19,179

Significant Accounting Polici36

Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)SupplierCustomerArrangementFinancial_Institution	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)SupplierCustomer	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)SupplierCustomer	Dec. 31, 2012USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2011USD ($)
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Maturity period of highly liquid investment	3 months
Cash And Cash equivalents held by companies foreign subsidiary	$ 16,072,000	$ 20,294,000	$ 33,814,000		$ 24,017,000
Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries, Net of Earnings Repatriated	$ 600,000
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Number of financial institutions | Financial_Institution	2
Standard credit terms for accounts receivable under condition one	30 days
Percentage of accounts receivable aged within company under condition one	77.00%
Standard credit terms for accounts receivable under condition two	90 days
Percentage of accounts receivable aged within company under condition two	96.00%
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Number of customer represent 10% or more of accounts receivable | Customer	2		1
Number of customer represent 10% or more of total revenues | Customer		1	0
Number of supplier accounted for a specific percentage of total network access costs | Supplier	1	1
Number of Individual supplier represented more than 10% of total network access costs | Supplier	0	0	0
Cumulative undistributed earnings of the company's foreign subsidiary	$ 10,700,000	$ 11,500,000
Types of flat fee arrangements for network services | Arrangement	2
Advertising expenses	$ 0	0	$ 100,000	$ 100,000
Amortization expense	800,000	900,000	900,000
Impairment to internal use of software	0	0	0
Federal
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Deemed repatriated foreign earnings amount	10,100,000
Foreign Subsidiaries
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Cash And Cash equivalents held by companies foreign subsidiary	$ 400,000	400,000
Minimum
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of tax benefit likely of being realized upon settlement	50.00%
Computer software
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	5 years
Computer software | Maximum
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	5 years
Computer software | Minimum
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	3 years
Equipment | Maximum
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	5 years
Equipment | Minimum
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	3 years
Furniture and fixtures
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of the Assets	5 years
ERP System
Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) [Abstract]
Software Development Costs	$ 300,000	$ 100,000	$ 300,000
Accounts Receivable
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage	10.00%		10.00%
Sales
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage		10.00%	10.00%
Cost of Sales
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Supplier Concentration Risk
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Number of Individual supplier represented more than 10% of total network access costs | Supplier		2	2
Supplier One [Member] | Supplier Concentration Risk
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage		26.00%	14.00%
Supplier Two [Member] | Supplier Concentration Risk
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage	29.00%	11.00%	13.00%
EMEA [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of accounts receivable from European customers	46.00%
United States
Significant Accounting Policies (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of accounts receivable from European customers	50.00%
Entity wide revenue major customer percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%

Financial Instruments and Fai37

Financial Instruments and Fair Value (Details Table) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure		$ 14,083	$ 18,021
Fair Value Measured Using Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure		14,083	18,021
Fair Value Measured Using Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure		0	0
Fair Value Measured Using Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure		0	0
Money Market Funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	[1]	14,083	18,021
Money Market Funds | Fair Value Measured Using Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	[1]	14,083	18,021
Money Market Funds | Fair Value Measured Using Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	[1]	0	0
Money Market Funds | Fair Value Measured Using Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	[1]	$ 0	$ 0
[1]	Held in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Financial Instruments and Fai38

Financial Instruments and Fair Value (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Financial Instruments and Fair Value (Textual) [Abstract]
Transfers between Levels 1, 2, and 3	$ 0	$ 0

Property and Equipment - Compon

Property and Equipment - Components of Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2016	Apr. 30, 2014	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Vendor Financed Computer Software and Hardware				$ 0	$ 0	$ 501
Components of property and equipment, net
Equipment			$ 10,492	10,492	10,431
Furniture and fixtures			378	378	378
Computer software			10,431	10,431	9,894
Construction in progress			303	303	10
Leasehold improvements			536	536	526
Property plant and equipment, gross			22,140	22,140	21,239
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization			(19,655)	(19,655)	(17,230)
Property and equipment, net			2,485	2,485	$ 4,009
Computer Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Vendor Financed Computer Software and Hardware	$ 500	$ 500	500	3,100			$ 2,600
Components of property and equipment, net
Computer software			$ 100	$ 100

Property and Equipment (Details

Property and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2016	Apr. 30, 2014	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation expense				$ 2,500	$ 2,900	$ 3,200
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Depreciation and Amortization				0		200
Property and equipment, wrote-off				100	2,200
Vendor financing of property and equipment				0	0	501
Capitalized Computer Software, Gross			$ 10,431	10,431	9,894
Construction in Progress, Gross			303	303	10
ERP System
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Capitalized Computer Software, Additions				300	$ 100	$ 300
Computer Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Vendor financing of property and equipment	$ 500	$ 500	500	3,100			$ 2,600
Capitalized Computer Software, Gross			$ 100	$ 100

Other Assets (Details)

Other Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Components of other assets
Deposits	$ 480	$ 470
Long-term deferred tax assets, net	208	220
Other Assets	$ 688	$ 690

Accrued Liabilities (Details)

Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2009
Schedule of accrued liabilities
Tax liabilities		$ 927	$ 1,065	$ 5,000
Accrued restructuring liabilities—current(1)	[1]	0	250
Accrued bonus, commissions and other employee benefits		808	1,168
Accrued for vendor financed property and equipment(2)	[2]	373	572
Amounts due to customers		869	728
Other accrued liabilities		897	1,573
Accrued liabilities		$ 3,874	$ 5,356
[1]	See Note 7. Accrued Restructuring
[2]	See Note 8. Vendor Financed Property and Equipment

Accrued Restructuring - Schedul

Accrued Restructuring - Schedule of Accrued Restructuring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Summary of accrued restructuring
Beginning balance	$ 250	$ 160	$ 317
Restructuring charges and related adjustments	788	4,232	733
Payments	(1,038)	(4,142)	(890)
Ending Balance	$ 0	$ 250	$ 160

Accrued Restructuring (Details

Accrued Restructuring (Details Textual)		3 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2016Employee	Sep. 30, 2014USD ($)Employees	Mar. 31, 2013Employees	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2009Employees	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)
Accrued Restructuring (Textual) [Abstract]
Accrued restructuring liabilities- current	[1]				$ 0	$ 250,000
Restructuring Charges					788,000	4,232,000	$ 733,000
Accrued Restructuring (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring Reserve					0	250,000	$ 160,000		$ 317,000
Two Thousand Fourteen Q3 Restructuring Plan [Member]
Accrued Restructuring (Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring Charges			$ 700,000		100,000
Accrued Restructuring (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring plan, number of positions | Employees			20
Two Thousand Nine Plan [Member]
Accrued Restructuring (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring plan, number of positions | Employees								146
Restructuring Reserve					$ 100,000
Two Thousand Thirteen Plan [Member]
Accrued Restructuring (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring plan, number of positions | Employees				16
Two Thousand Fifteen Q2 Restructuring Plan [Member]
Accrued Restructuring (Textual) [Abstract]
Accrued restructuring liabilities- current						$ 200,000
Restructuring and Related Cost, Reduction in Workforce, Percent						14.00%
Two Thousand Sixteen Q1 Restructuring Plan [Member] [Member]
Accrued Restructuring (Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring and Related Cost, Reduction in Workforce, Percent		30.00%
Accrued Restructuring (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Restructuring plan, number of positions | Employee		57
[1]	See Note 7. Accrued Restructuring

Vendor Financed Property and 45

Vendor Financed Property and Equipment - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
		Oct. 31, 2016	Apr. 30, 2014	Oct. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Vendor Financed Property and Equipment Repayment Period				3 years			2 years
Vendor financing of property and equipment							$ 0	$ 0	$ 501
Accrued for vendor financed property and equipment(2)	[1]				$ 373		373	572
Accounts payable					7,069		7,069	$ 6,291
Computer Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Vendor financing of property and equipment		$ 500	$ 500		500		$ 3,100			$ 2,600
Repayments of Long-term Loans from Vendors					$ 100	$ 3,100
[1]	See Note 8. Vendor Financed Property and Equipment

Income Taxes - Schedule of Inco

Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S Source	$ (8,167)	$ (16,251)	$ (20,306)
Foreign Source	620	1,065	1,000
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes	$ (7,547)	$ (15,186)	$ (19,306)

Income Taxes - Income Tax Prov

Income Taxes - Income Tax Provision (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current:
U.S. federal	$ 0	$ 0
State	9	(7)
Foreign	200	207
Total	209	200
Deferred:
U.S. federal	0	0
State	0	0
Foreign	14	107
Total	14	107
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	223	307	$ (7,101)
Scenario, Previously Reported
Current:
U.S. federal			0
State			(3)
Foreign			278
Total			275
Deferred:
U.S. federal			(7,107)
State			(219)
Foreign			(50)
Total			(7,376)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ 223	$ 307	$ (7,101)

Income Taxes - Deferred Income

Income Taxes - Deferred Income Taxes Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry forwards	$ 30,243	$ 28,035
Reserves and accruals	1,507	1,485
Research and other tax credits	6,255	5,849
Share based compensation	2,456	2,755
Property and equipment	2,493	2,859
Total deferred tax assets	42,954	40,983
Valuation allowance	(41,788)	(39,557)
Net deferred tax assets	1,166	1,426
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment	(958)	(1,206)
Total net deferred tax assets	$ 208	$ 220

Income Taxes - Reconciliation

Income Taxes - Reconciliation to Effective Income Tax Rate (Details)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to pretax loss before income taxes
Federal statutory rate		(35.00%)	(35.00%)	(35.00%)
State taxes, net of federal benefit		(1.00%)	(1.00%)	(1.00%)
Foreign taxes		0.00%	0.00%	(1.00%)
Amortization of stock-based compensation		6.00%	1.00%	2.00%
Research and development benefit		(2.00%)	(3.00%)	(2.00%)
Deemed repatriated foreign earnings		1.00%	6.00%	2.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Amount	1.00%
Valuation Allowance		33.00%	34.00%	(1.00%)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		3.00%	2.00%	(36.00%)

Income Taxes - Summary of Chan

Income Taxes - Summary of Changes to Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Beginning Balance	$ 7,446	$ 6,674	$ 6,567
Increases for positions taken in prior years	0	483	5
Increases for positions related to the current year	149	320	186
Increases for positions related to the current year	(21)	(20)	(66)
Settlements with taxing authorities	(1,359)		(18)
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Ending Balance	6,208	7,446	$ 6,674
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Decrease Resulting from Foreign Currency Translation	$ (7)	$ (11)

Income Taxes (Details Textual)

Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Recognizable tax benefits	$ 700,000	$ 800,000
Unrecognized tax benefits, decreases resulting from settlements with taxing authorities	1,359,000		$ 18,000
Amount accrued in connection with income tax audit	$ 600,000
Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Years remain open to examination	2,016
Minimum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Years remain open to examination	2,007
Federal
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 87,800,000
Federal | Research
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Research and development tax credit carry forwards	3,200,000
State
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	41,100,000
State | Research
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Research and development tax credit carry forwards	4,700,000
ISRAEL
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	8,400,000
Stock Based Compensation | Federal
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	7,600,000	3,900,000
iPass Unity
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Discontinued Operation, Tax Effect of Income (Loss) from Disposal of Discontinued Operation			7,300,000
Discontinued Operation, Tax Effect of Recognition of Operating Loss Carryforward from Disposal of Discontinued Operation	$ 200,000	$ 300,000	$ (7,100,000)

Stockholders' Equity - Summary

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Stock Option and Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016		Dec. 31, 2015		Dec. 31, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award restricted stock units included as shares outstanding					378,250
Shares available for future grant
Shares available for future grant beginning balance	27,483,532		25,526,755		21,452,678
Shares available for future grant Authorized	3,229,224		3,246,685		3,472,551
Shares available for future grant	(4,197,000)	[1]	(5,373,000)	[2]	(1,505,000)	[3]
Shares available for future grant Terminated/cancelled/forfeited	2,554,651		4,083,092		2,106,526
Shares available for future grant ending balance	14,070,407		27,483,532		25,526,755
Number of options Outstanding
Stock Number of Outstanding Options, Beginning Balance	9,117,945		6,820,892		7,606,580
Number of Options Granted	(4,137,000)	[1]	(4,033,000)	[2]	(1,025,000)	[3]
Number of options Outstanding exercised	(2,650,009)		(131,780)		(135,499)
Number of options Outstanding terminated/cancelled/forfeited	(1,924,651)		(1,604,167)		(1,675,189)
Stock Number of Outstanding Options, Ending Balance	8,680,285		9,117,945		6,820,892
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, options
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Beginning Balance	$ 1.29		$ 1.64		$ 1.89
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Granted	1.24	[1]	0.97	[2]	1.56	[3]
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Exercised	(1.13)		(0.88)		(1.03)
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Terminated/cancelled/forfeited	1.91		1.99		2.76
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Options	0.62	[1]	0.45	[2]	0.60	[3]
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Ending Balance	$ 1.18		$ 1.29		$ 1.64
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, Restricted Stock Awards and Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Other Share Increase (Decrease)	(15,000,000)
Restricted stock
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding, Beginning Balance	1,479,166		2,661,425		2,949,675
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding, Granted	60,000	[1]	1,340,000	[2]	480,000	[3]
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding, Vested	(93,335)	[1]	(43,334)	[2]	(336,913)	[3]
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding, Terminated/cancelled/forfeited	(630,000)		(2,478,925)		(431,337)
Number of Restricted Stock Awards and Units Outstanding, Ending Balance	815,831		1,479,166		2,661,425
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, Restricted Stock Awards and Units
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Beginning Balance	$ 0.98		$ 1.65		$ 1.81
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted	1.21	[1]	0.92	[2]	1.18	[3]
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested	1.08	[1]	1.25	[2]	2.01	[3]
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Terminated/cancelled/forfeited	0.92		1.66		1.98
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Ending Balance	$ 1.03		$ 0.98		$ 1.65
Share Based Compensation Arrangement by Share Based Payment Award Shares with Held to Satisfy Tax with Holding Obligations					41,337
[1]	Restricted stock granted during 2015 included 140,000 awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. The remaining 1,200,000 shares of restricted stock with performance-based vesting criteria related to targeted EBITA are not considered outstanding until the performance criterion has been met and as such, are excluded from shares outstanding.
[2]	.
[3]	Restricted stock granted during 2014 represent awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. Restricted stock vested during 2014 represent 378,250 restricted stock awards released

Stockholders' Equity - Stock O

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Options Outstanding by Exercise Price (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016$ / sharesshares
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
Number Outstanding | shares	8,680,285
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	8 years 20 days
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.18
Number Exercisable | shares	2,793,970
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.24
Range One
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Limit	0.71
Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Limit	$ 0.90
Number Outstanding | shares	3,051,274
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	8 years 3 months
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 0.90
Number Exercisable | shares	1,126,121
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 0.89
Range Two
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Limit	0.91
Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Limit	$ 1.06
Number Outstanding | shares	3,367,860
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	8 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.14
Number Exercisable | shares	775,597
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.08
Range Three
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Limit	1.07
Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Limit	$ 1.58
Number Outstanding | shares	2,261,151
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	7 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.63
Number Exercisable | shares	892,252
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share	$ 1.82
Range Four
Summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Limit	1.59
Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Limit	$ 5.74

Stockholders' Equity - Stock54

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Options Outstanding, Vested, and Exercisable (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Summary of company's stock option activity
Options outstanding, Shares	8,680,285	9,117,945	6,820,892	7,606,580
Weighted-average exercise price of options	$ 1.18	$ 1.29	$ 1.64	$ 1.89
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	8 years 1 month 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Option Outstanding	$ 4,360
Options vested and expected to vest, Shares	7,213,829
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, options vested and expected to vest	$ 1.18
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years), Options vested and expected to vest	7 years 10 months 21 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options vested and expected to vest	$ 3,652
Options exercisable, Shares	2,793,970
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per share, Options exercisable	$ 1.24
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years), Options Exercisable	6 years 2 months 23 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options exercisable	$ 1,397

Stockholders' Equity - Total S

Stockholders' Equity - Total Stock Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations
Total	$ 1,104	$ (578)	$ 1,996
Network Operations
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations
Total	33	(186)	202
Research and development
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations
Total	131	(92)	266
Sales and marketing
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations
Total	153	(80)	452
General and administrative
Stock-based compensation expense in consolidated statements of operations
Total	$ 787	$ (220)	$ 1,076

Stockholders' Equity - Stock B

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Based Compensation by Award Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Stock-based compensation expense by award-type
Total	$ 1,104	$ (578)	$ 1,996
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
Stock-based compensation expense by award-type
Total	62	76	76
Stock options
Stock-based compensation expense by award-type
Total	906	484	815
Restricted stock
Stock-based compensation expense by award-type
Total	$ 136	$ (1,138)	$ 1,105

Stockholders' Equity - Stock57

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Base Compensation Assumptions (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Restricted Stock Award, Forfeited	600,000		0
Stock options
Weighted-average assumptions used in calculating fair value
Risk-free rate	1.45%	1.35%	1.07%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Expected volatility	55.00%	53.00%	53.00%
Expected term	5 years 9 months 18 days	4 years 7 months 6 days	3 years 6 months
Stock options
Weighted-average assumptions used in calculating fair value
Risk-free rate	0.58%	0.32%	0.10%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Expected volatility	44.00%	62.00%	63.00%
Stock options | Minimum
Weighted-average assumptions used in calculating fair value
Expected term	6 months	6 months	6 months
Stock options | Maximum
Weighted-average assumptions used in calculating fair value
Expected term	1 year	1 year	1 year

Stockholders' Equity (Details T

Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)OptionPlan$ / sharesshares		Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)$ / sharesshares		Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)$ / sharesshares		Dec. 31, 2013shares
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Period over which remaining stock options are vested	36 months
Weighted average vesting period over which the compensation cost is expected to be recognized	3 years
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP	14,070,407		27,483,532		25,526,755		21,452,678
Stockholders' Equity (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Number of stock plans that permit to grant stock options | OptionPlan	2
Percentage of stock options granted to employees generally vest on first anniversary of grant date	25.00%
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award expiration period	10 years
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award restricted stock with time based vesting criteria	229,832
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award restricted stock units included as shares outstanding					378,250
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised | $	$ 800,000		$ 100,000		$ 100,000
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options | $	$ 2,500,000
Percentage of employee's compensation up to which employees permit to purchase common stock through payroll deductions	15.00%
Purchase price per share as a percentage of fair market value	85.00%
Maximum number of shares that can be purchased by participant per offering	2,500
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award maximum amount per employee | $	$ 25,000
Shares purchased	51,341		79,009		118,501
Weighted average per share prices | $ / shares	$ 0.72		$ 0.91		$ 1.27
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP	7,500,000
Shares under common stock available for issuance	4,600,000
Performance Based Restricted Stock Awards, Revenue Benchmark
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of Restricted Stock Outstanding, Granted			1,200,000		420,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period	0
Revenue measurement period	1 year
Performance Based Restricted Stock Awards, EBITDA Benchmark
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of Restricted Stock Outstanding, Granted			1,200,000		753,925
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period					0
Restricted Stock, Time-based Vesting [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of Restricted Stock Outstanding, Granted			140,000
Restricted stock
Stockholders' Equity (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of Restricted Stock Outstanding, Granted	60,000	[1]	1,340,000	[2]	480,000	[3]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period	93,335	[1]	43,334	[2]	336,913	[3]
Weighted average vesting period over which the compensation cost is expected to be recognized	10 months 13 days
Grant date fair value of the restricted awards granted | $			$ 1,200,000		$ 600,000
Stockholders' Equity (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Shares withheld for taxes					41,337
Unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested restricted stock awards granted | $	$ 100,000
[1]	Restricted stock granted during 2015 included 140,000 awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. The remaining 1,200,000 shares of restricted stock with performance-based vesting criteria related to targeted EBITA are not considered outstanding until the performance criterion has been met and as such, are excluded from shares outstanding.
[2]	.
[3]	Restricted stock granted during 2014 represent awards with time-based vesting criteria which have been included as shares outstanding on the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. Restricted stock vested during 2014 represent 378,250 restricted stock awards released

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Schedule of future minimum lease payments
2,015	$ 1,476
2,016	1,094
2,017	1,082
2,018	926
Operating leases, future minimum payments	$ 4,578

Commitments and Contingencies60

Commitments and Contingencies - Purchase Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Schedule of future minimum purchase commitments
2,016	$ 29,076
2,017	3,625
Future minimum purchase commitments	$ 32,701

Commitments and Contingencies61

Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2009
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Hardware Purchase Obligation	$ 32,701
Annual Service Fee, 2015	700
Annual Service Fee, 2016	$ 700
Commitments and Contingencies (Textual) [Abstract]
Lease expiration date	Jun. 30, 2017
Rent expenses for operating leases excluding leases accounted for under the company 's restructuring plan	$ 1,700	$ 1,900	$ 2,300
Incremental sales tax liability	927	1,065		$ 5,000
Interest and penalties				$ 1,500
Liability for Uncertain Tax Positions, Current	$ 1,000	$ 900

Employee 401 Plan (Details)

Employee 401 Plan (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Employee 401(k) Plan (Textual) [Abstract]
Employer contributions under 401(k) plan	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Net Loss Per Common Share - Ba

Net Loss Per Common Share - Basic and Diltuted Net Loss Per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Numerator:
Net loss from continuing operations	$ (7,770)	$ (15,493)	$ (12,205)
Net income from discontinued operations	0	0	19,179
Total net income (loss)	$ (7,770)	$ (15,493)	$ 6,974
Denominator:
Denominator for basic and diluted net loss per common share - weighted average shares outstanding	64,344,937	62,940,299	62,613,671
Loss from continuing operations	$ (0.12)	$ (0.25)	$ (0.19)
Income from discontinued operations	0	0	0.30
Total net income (loss) per share	$ (0.12)	$ (0.25)	$ 0.11

Net Loss Per Common Share - Av

Net Loss Per Common Share - Average Weighted Shares (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Schedule of anti-dilutive shares excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share
Total	5,606,747	7,535,672	6,899,728
Options to purchase common stock
Schedule of anti-dilutive shares excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share
Total	5,340,915	5,628,172	4,703,978
Restricted stock awards, considered participating securities [Member]
Schedule of anti-dilutive shares excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share
Total	265,832	1,907,500	2,195,750

Net Loss Per Common Share (Deta

Net Loss Per Common Share (Details Textual) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Net Loss Per Common Share (Textual) [Abstract]
Weighted-average exercise price of options	$ 1.18	$ 1.29	$ 1.64	$ 1.89
Options to purchase common stock
Net Loss Per Common Share (Textual) [Abstract]
Weighted-average exercise price of options	$ 1.35	$ 1.50	$ 2.20

Segment and Geographical Info66

Segment and Geographical Information - Summary of Revenue by Geographical Region (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
United States
Summary of revenue by geographical region
Percentage of revenue by geographical region	41.00%	41.00%	35.00%
EMEA
Summary of revenue by geographical region
Percentage of revenue by geographical region	49.00%	48.00%	48.00%
Asia Pacific
Summary of revenue by geographical region
Percentage of revenue by geographical region	9.00%	10.00%	15.00%
Rest of the world
Summary of revenue by geographical region
Percentage of revenue by geographical region	1.00%	1.00%	2.00%

Segment and Geographical Info67

Segment and Geographical Information - Additional Information (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016CustomerCountrySegment	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)CustomerCountrySegment	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)CustomerCountrySegment
Segment and Geographical Information (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of total revenue by individual customer	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Segment and Geographical Information (Additional Textual) [Abstract]
Number of reportable operating Segments | Segment	2	2	2
Number of individual customer | Customer	1	1	0
Number of individual country customer | Country	0	0	0
Inter-Segment sale or transfer | $		$ 0	$ 0
United States
Segment and Geographical Information (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of total revenue by individual customer	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
United Kingdom
Segment and Geographical Information (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of total revenue by individual customer		9.00%	9.00%
Revenue | GERMANY
Segment and Geographical Information (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of total revenue by individual customer	14.00%	15.00%	15.00%
Revenue | United Kingdom
Segment and Geographical Information (Textual) [Abstract]
Percentage of total revenue by individual customer		10.00%	11.00%

Divestiture of Business Segme68

Divestiture of Business Segment - Schedule of Discontinued Income (Details) - iPass Unity - USD ($) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2014	Dec. 31, 2014
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Revenue			$ 15,458
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes	[1]		1,506
Gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes		$ 25,000	25,014	[1]
Provision for income taxes			(7,341)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax			$ 19,179
[1]	Amounts recorded through June 30, 2014, date of the sale agreement of the Unity business segment.

Divestiture of Business Segme69

Divestiture of Business Segment - Narrative (Details) - iPass Unity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2014	Dec. 31, 2014	[1]	Sep. 30, 2014
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Consideration for sale of business				$ 28,100
Accrued Transaction Costs for Disposition of Business				2,200
Gain on sale of business	$ 25,000	$ 25,014
Contingent liability on sale of business				$ 1,400
[1]	Amounts recorded through June 30, 2014, date of the sale agreement of the Unity business segment.

Stock Repurchase Program (Detai

Stock Repurchase Program (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Nov. 03, 2015
Share Repurchase Program, November 2015 [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Authorized share repurchase program amount		$ 3,000,000
November 2015 Share Repurchase Program [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired	339,228
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method	$ 345,296
Treasury Stock Acquired, Average Cost Per Share	$ 1.02

Schedule II - Valuation and Q71

Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Receivable (Details) - Allowance for doubtful accounts - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Balance at Beginning of Year	$ 241	$ 172	$ 1,010
Additions Charged to (recovered from) Costs and Expenses	11	83	(169)
Deductions	110	14	669
Balance at End of Year	$ 142	$ 241	$ 172