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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005 | ||
or | ||
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the transition period from to |
Commission file number: 000-23993
Broadcom Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter).
California | 33-0480482 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
16215 Alton Parkway
Irvine, California 92618-3616
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(949) 450-8700
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes þ No o
As of September 30, 2005 the registrant had 291,396,086 shares of Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 52,885,479 shares of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, outstanding.
BROADCOM CORPORATION
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Broadcom®, the pulse logo, ServerWorks® and SystemI/Otm are among the trademarks of Broadcom Corporation and/or its affiliates in the United States, certain other countries and/or the EU. Bluetooth® is a trademark of the Bluetooth SIG. Any other trademarks or tradenames mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
©2005 Broadcom Corporation. All rights reserved.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
BROADCOM CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,135,121 | $ | 858,592 | ||||||
Short-term marketable securities | 424,320 | 324,041 | ||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 275,397 | 205,135 | ||||||||
Inventory | 163,322 | 128,294 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 109,715 | 68,380 | ||||||||
Total current assets | 2,107,875 | 1,584,442 | ||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 92,603 | 107,160 | ||||||||
Long-term marketable securities | 145,897 | 92,918 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 1,131,941 | 1,062,188 | ||||||||
Purchased intangible assets, net | 11,146 | 17,074 | ||||||||
Other assets | 21,065 | 22,057 | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | 3,510,527 | $ | 2,885,839 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 278,216 | $ | 171,248 | ||||||
Wages and related benefits | 74,850 | 42,697 | ||||||||
Deferred revenue | 1,742 | 3,648 | ||||||||
Accrued liabilities | 296,108 | 279,507 | ||||||||
Total current liabilities | 650,916 | 497,100 | ||||||||
Long-term liabilities | 13,046 | 22,753 | ||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||||
Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||||
Common stock | 34 | 33 | ||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 9,124,704 | 8,741,045 | ||||||||
Notes receivable from employees | (5,861 | ) | (7,955 | ) | ||||||
Deferred compensation | (162,966 | ) | (40,701 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (6,110,636 | ) | (6,327,535 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 1,290 | 1,099 | ||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 2,846,565 | 2,365,986 | ||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 3,510,527 | $ | 2,885,839 | ||||||
See accompanying notes.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 694,977 | $ | 646,515 | $ | 1,850,183 | $ | 1,861,220 | |||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | 326,608 | 322,038 | 875,417 | 921,727 | |||||||||||||
Cost of revenue — stock-based compensation | 471 | 1 | 1,233 | 1,272 | |||||||||||||
Gross profit | 367,898 | 324,476 | 973,533 | 938,221 | |||||||||||||
Operating expense: | |||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | 159,096 | 123,935 | 441,660 | 367,666 | |||||||||||||
Research and development — stock-based compensation | 11,559 | 9,860 | 28,499 | 53,020 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative(1) | 64,838 | 53,743 | 176,948 | 161,290 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative — stock-based compensation | 4,554 | 2,634 | 12,694 | 9,124 | |||||||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 1,040 | 1,296 | 2,992 | 2,127 | |||||||||||||
In-process research and development | 35,000 | 37,262 | 41,652 | 63,766 | |||||||||||||
Restructuring costs (reversal) | (2,500 | ) | — | (2,500 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Settlement costs | — | 35,700 | 110,000 | 68,200 | |||||||||||||
Impairment of intangible assets | — | — | — | 18,000 | |||||||||||||
Income from operations | 94,311 | 60,046 | 161,588 | 195,028 | |||||||||||||
Interest income, net | 14,317 | 4,365 | 32,953 | 8,982 | |||||||||||||
Other income, net | 2,580 | 6,952 | 3,357 | 6,552 | |||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 111,208 | 71,363 | 197,898 | 210,562 | |||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (21,448 | ) | 27,462 | (19,001 | ) | 62,958 | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 132,656 | $ | 43,901 | $ | 216,899 | $ | 147,604 | |||||||||
Net income per share (basic) | $ | .39 | $ | .14 | $ | .65 | $ | .47 | |||||||||
Net income per share (diluted) | $ | .35 | $ | .13 | $ | .59 | $ | .42 | |||||||||
Weighted average shares (basic) | 341,849 | 322,541 | 336,074 | 316,084 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average shares (diluted) | 383,675 | 347,389 | 368,321 | 347,449 | |||||||||||||
(1) | Excludes stock-based compensation expense, which is presented separately by respective expense category. Stock-based compensation expense includes the impact of restricted stock units and certain other equity compensation instruments issued by the Company, as well as stock options and restricted stock assumed in acquisitions. |
See accompanying notes.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||
Operating activities | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 216,899 | $ | 147,604 | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 40,422 | 60,625 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense: | |||||||||||
Restricted stock units issued by the Company | 23,434 | 76 | |||||||||
Stock options and restricted stock assumed in acquisitions and certain other equity compensation instruments issued by the Company | 18,992 | 63,340 | |||||||||
Additional acquisition-related items: | |||||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 11,300 | 11,355 | |||||||||
In-process research and development | 41,652 | 63,766 | |||||||||
Impairment of intangible assets | — | 18,000 | |||||||||
Tax benefit realized from stock plans | — | 57,100 | |||||||||
Gain on strategic investments, net | (1,151 | ) | (5,231 | ) | |||||||
Change in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (69,454 | ) | (50,034 | ) | |||||||
Inventory | (33,985 | ) | (71,548 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (39,371 | ) | (6,934 | ) | |||||||
Accounts payable | 99,063 | (12,336 | ) | ||||||||
Accrued settlement liabilities | (10,574 | ) | 26,433 | ||||||||
Other accrued liabilities | 15,723 | 47,270 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 312,950 | 349,486 | |||||||||
Investing activities | |||||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment, net | (25,185 | ) | (30,871 | ) | |||||||
Net cash paid for acquisitions | (78,149 | ) | (74,846 | ) | |||||||
Purchases of strategic investments | (119 | ) | (2,216 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of strategic investments | 1,881 | 5,231 | |||||||||
Purchases of marketable securities | (533,496 | ) | (375,972 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities | 380,238 | 86,069 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of available for sale marketable securities | — | 48,145 | |||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (254,830 | ) | (344,460 | ) | |||||||
Financing activities | |||||||||||
Payment on assumed debt and other obligations | (2,482 | ) | (2,203 | ) | |||||||
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | 314,689 | 215,137 | |||||||||
Repurchases of Class A common stock | (95,892 | ) | — | ||||||||
Repayment of notes receivable by employees | 2,094 | 2,884 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 218,409 | 215,818 | |||||||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 276,529 | 220,844 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 858,592 | 558,669 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,135,121 | $ | 779,513 | |||||||
See accompanying notes.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005
1. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
The Company |
Broadcom Corporation (the “Company”) is a global leader in wired and wireless broadband communications semiconductors. Its products enable the convergence of high-speed data, high definition video, voice and audio at home, in the office and on the go. The Company provides manufacturers of computing and networking equipment, digital entertainment and broadband access products, and mobile devices with complete system-on-a-chip and software solutions. Its diverse product portfolio addresses every major broadband communications market, and includes solutions for digital cable, satellite and Internet Protocol set-top boxes; high definition television (HDTV); cable and DSL modems and residential gateways; high-speed transmission and switching for local, metropolitan, wide area and storage networking; home and wireless networking; cellular and terrestrial wireless communications; Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) gateway and telephony systems; broadband network and security processors; and SystemI/Otm server solutions.
Basis of Presentation |
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Form 10-Q and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2004, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 1, 2005 with the SEC.
The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all normal recurring accruals and adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the Company’s consolidated financial position at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the consolidated results of its operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future quarters or the year.
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses in the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to allowances for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances, warranty reserves, inventory reserves, stock-based compensation expense, goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations, strategic investments, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, restructuring costs, litigation and other loss contingencies. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and on various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Revenue Recognition |
The Company’s net revenue is generated principally by sales of its semiconductor products. Such sales represented approximately 99.3% and 98.9% of its total net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 98.8% and 99.2% of its total net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Company derives the remaining balance of its net revenue predominantly from development agreements, software licenses, maintenance agreements and cancellation fees.
The majority of the Company’s sales occur through the efforts of its direct sales force. However, sales made through distributors represented approximately 15.9% and 9.3% of the Company’s total net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 15.2% and 9.2% of its total net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 101,Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements(“SAB 101”) and SAB No. 104,Revenue Recognition(“SAB 104”), the Company recognizes product revenue when the following fundamental criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the price to the customer is fixed or determinable and (iv) collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. These criteria are usually met at the time of product shipment. However, the Company does not recognize revenue until all customer acceptance requirements have been met, when applicable. A portion of the Company’s sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for pricing credits and/or rights of return. Product revenue on sales made through these distributors is not recognized until the distributors ship the product to their customers. The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated product returns and pricing adjustments, such as competitive pricing programs and rebates, in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data, specific criteria included in rebate agreements, and other factors known at the time.
Revenue under development agreements is recognized when applicable contractual milestones have been met, including deliverables, and in any case, does not exceed the amount that would be recognized using the percentage-of-completion method in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position (“SOP”) 81-1,Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. The costs associated with development agreements are included in cost of revenue. Revenue from software licenses and maintenance agreements is recognized in accordance with the provisions of SOP 97-2,Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-9,Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions. Revenue from cancellation fees is recognized when cash is received from the customer.
Inventory |
Inventory consists of work in process and finished goods and is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. The Company establishes inventory allowances for estimated obsolete or unmarketable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Rebates |
The Company accounts for rebates in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 01-9,Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products), and, accordingly, records reductions to revenue for rebates in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms included in the Company’s various rebate agreements.
Warranty |
The Company’s products typically carry a one to three year warranty. The Company establishes reserves for estimated product warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized based upon its historical warranty experience, and additionally for any known product warranty issues.
Stock-Based Compensation |
The Company has in effect stock incentive plans under which incentive stock options have been granted to employees and restricted stock units and non-qualified stock options have been granted to employees, non-employee members of the Board of Directors and other non-employees. The Company also has an employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees. The Company accounts for stock-based awards to employees in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees(“APB 25”) and related interpretations, and has adopted the disclosure-only alternative of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation(“SFAS 123”) and SFAS No. 148,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure. The fair value of options granted to non-employees, as defined under SFAS 123, has been expensed in accordance with SFAS 123.
In accordance with APB 25, stock-based compensation expense is not recorded in connection with stock options granted with exercise prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company’s Class A common stock on the date of grant, unless certain modifications are subsequently made. The Company records deferred compensation in connection with stock options granted, as well as stock options assumed in acquisitions, with exercise prices less than the fair market value of the Class A common stock on the date of grant or assumption. The amount of such deferred compensation per share is equal to the excess of fair market value over the exercise price on such date. The Company records deferred compensation in connection with restricted stock unit awards equal to the fair market value of the Class A common stock on the date of grant. Recorded deferred compensation is recognized as stock-based compensation expense ratably over the applicable vesting periods.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
The results of applying the requirements of the disclosure-only alternative of SFAS 123 to the Company’s stock-based awards, assuming the application of the Black-Scholes option pricing model, would approximate the following:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Net income — as reported | $ | 132,656 | $ | 43,901 | $ | 216,899 | $ | 147,604 | |||||||||
Add: Stock-based compensation expense included in net income — as reported | 16,584 | 12,495 | 42,426 | 63,416 | |||||||||||||
Deduct: Stock-based compensation expense determined under the fair value method | (104,949 | ) | (159,607 | ) | (355,518 | ) | (545,541 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) — pro forma | $ | 44,291 | $ | (103,211 | ) | $ | (96,193 | ) | $ | (334,521 | ) | ||||||
Net income per share (basic) — as reported | $ | .39 | $ | .14 | $ | .65 | $ | .47 | |||||||||
Net income per share (diluted) — as reported | $ | .35 | $ | .13 | $ | .59 | $ | .42 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) per share (basic) — pro forma | $ | .13 | $ | (.32 | ) | $ | (.29 | ) | $ | (1.06 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) per share (diluted) — pro forma | $ | .12 | $ | (.32 | ) | $ | (.29 | ) | $ | (1.06 | ) | ||||||
For purposes of the foregoing pro forma illustration, the value of each stock award has been estimated as of the date of grant or assumption using the Black-Scholes model, which was developed for use in estimating the value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and that are freely transferable. The Black-Scholes model considers, among other factors, the expected life of the option and the expected volatility of the Company’s stock price. Because it does not consider other factors important to stock-based awards, such as continued employment and periodic vesting requirements and limited transferability, the fair value generated by the Black-Scholes option pricing model may not be indicative of the actual fair value of the Company’s stock-based awards. For pro forma illustration purposes, the Black-Scholes value of the Company’s stock-based awards is assumed to be amortized on a straight-line basis over their respective vesting periods. The Company evaluates the assumptions used to value stock awards under SFAS 123 on a quarterly basis.
In December 2004 the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),Share Based Payment(“SFAS 123R”), which is a revision of SFAS 123. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values and does not allow the previously permitted pro forma disclosure as an alternative to financial statement recognition. SFAS 123R supersedes APB 25 and related interpretations and amends SFAS No. 95,Statement of Cash Flows. In accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8568, SFAS 123R is currently scheduled to be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2006. SFAS 123R allows for two transition alternatives, the modified-prospective method and the retrospective method of recognition of compensation expense related to share-based payments. The Company is currently evaluating these transition alternatives.
The adoption of the SFAS 123R fair value method will have a significant impact on the Company’s reported results of operations, although it will have no impact on the Company’s overall financial position. The impact of the Company’s adoption of SFAS 123R cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend in part on the fair value and number of share-based payments granted in the future. However, had the Company adopted SFAS 123R in prior periods, the magnitude of the impact of that standard would
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
have approximated the impact of SFAS 123 assuming the application of the Black-Scholes model as illustrated in the pro forma table above. SFAS 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required under current literature. This requirement may reduce net operating cash flows and increase net financing cash flows in periods after its adoption. While the Company cannot estimate what those amounts will be in the future, the amount of operating cash flows recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 related to such excess tax deductions was $57.1 million. There were no comparable amounts recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Business Enterprise Segments |
The Company operates in one reportable operating segment, broadband communications. SFAS No. 131,Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information(“SFAS 131”), establishes standards for the way public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual consolidated financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. SFAS 131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. Although the Company had four operating segments at September 30, 2005, under the aggregation criteria set forth in SFAS 131 the Company only operates in one reportable operating segment, broadband communications.
Under SFAS 131, two or more operating segments may be aggregated into a single operating segment for financial reporting purposes if aggregation is consistent with the objective and basic principles of SFAS 131, if the segments have similar economic characteristics, and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas:
• | the nature of products and services; | |
• | the nature of the production processes; | |
• | the type or class of customer for their products and services; and | |
• | the methods used to distribute their products or provide their services. |
The Company meets each of the aggregation criteria for the following reasons:
• | the sale of integrated circuits is the only material source of revenue for each of its four operating segments or business groups; | |
• | the integrated circuits sold by each of its operating segments use the same standard CMOS manufacturing processes; | |
• | the integrated circuits marketed by each of its operating segments are sold to one type of customer: manufacturers of broadband equipment, which incorporate the Company’s integrated circuits into their electronic products; and | |
• | all of its integrated circuits are sold through a centralized sales force and common wholesale distributors. |
All of the Company’s business groups share similar economic characteristics as they have a similar long term business model, operate at similar gross margins, and have similar research and development expenses and similar selling, general and administrative expenses. The causes for variation among each of the business groups are the same and include factors such as (i) life cycle and price and cost fluctuations, (ii) number of competitors, (iii) product differentiation and (iv) size of market opportunity. Additionally, each business group is subject to the overall cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry. The number
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
and composition of employees and the amounts and types of tools and materials required are similar for each business group. Finally, even though the Company periodically reorganizes its business groups based upon changes in customers, end markets or products, acquisitions, long-term growth strategies, and the experience and bandwidth of the senior executives in charge, the common financial goals for each business group remain constant.
Because the Company meets each of the criteria set forth in SFAS 131 and its four business groups as of September 30, 2005 share similar economic characteristics, the Company aggregates its results of operations in one reportable operating segment.
Reclassifications |
Certain amounts in the 2004 unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation.
2. | Supplemental Financial Information |
Inventory |
The following table presents details of the Company’s inventory:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Work in process | $ | 90,355 | $ | 38,659 | ||||
Finished goods | 72,967 | 89,635 | ||||||
$ | 163,322 | $ | 128,294 | |||||
Purchased Intangible Assets |
The following table presents details of the Company’s purchased intangible assets:
September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross | Amortization | Net | Gross | Amortization | Net | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Completed technology | $ | 156,099 | $ | (147,903 | ) | $ | 8,196 | $ | 152,230 | $ | (140,066 | ) | $ | 12,164 | ||||||||||
Customer relationships | 46,266 | (44,420 | ) | 1,846 | 46,266 | (41,997 | ) | 4,269 | ||||||||||||||||
Customer backlog | 3,316 | (3,316 | ) | — | 2,845 | (2,845 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||
Other | 7,214 | (6,110 | ) | 1,104 | 6,182 | (5,541 | ) | 641 | ||||||||||||||||
$ | 212,895 | $ | (201,749 | ) | $ | 11,146 | $ | 207,523 | $ | (190,449 | ) | $ | 17,074 | |||||||||||
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
The following table presents details of the amortization of purchased intangible assets by expense category:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 2,774 | $ | 3,782 | $ | 8,308 | $ | 9,228 | ||||||||
Operating expense | 1,040 | 1,296 | 2,992 | 2,127 | ||||||||||||
$ | 3,814 | $ | 5,078 | $ | 11,300 | $ | 11,355 | |||||||||
The following table presents details of the unamortized balance of purchased intangible assets that will be amortized to future cost of revenue and operating expense:
Net | ||||||||||||||||
Purchased | ||||||||||||||||
Intangible | ||||||||||||||||
Assets at | Amortizable in | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 8,197 | $ | 2,774 | $ | 4,940 | $ | 483 | ||||||||
Operating expense | 2,949 | 1,040 | 1,736 | 173 | ||||||||||||
$ | 11,146 | $ | 3,814 | $ | 6,676 | $ | 656 | |||||||||
Accrued Liabilities |
The following table presents details of the Company’s accrued liabilities:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Accrued taxes | $ | 70,962 | $ | 94,382 | ||||
Accrued rebates | 109,357 | 93,222 | ||||||
Warranty reserve | 17,040 | 19,185 | ||||||
Restructuring liabilities | 9,394 | 10,364 | ||||||
Accrued settlement liabilities | 2,126 | 10,700 | ||||||
Other | 87,229 | 51,654 | ||||||
$ | 296,108 | $ | 279,507 | |||||
Long-Term Liabilities |
The following table presents details of the Company’s long-term liabilities:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Restructuring liabilities | $ | 9,046 | $ | 16,753 | ||||
Accrued settlement liabilities | 4,000 | 6,000 | ||||||
$ | 13,046 | $ | 22,753 | |||||
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Accrued Rebate Activity |
The following table summarizes the activity related to accrued rebates during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Nine Months Ended | |||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||
2005 | 2004 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 93,222 | $ | 62,282 | |||||
Charged as a reduction to revenue | 164,482 | 206,838 | |||||||
Payments | (148,347 | ) | (170,780 | ) | |||||
Ending balance | $ | 109,357 | $ | 98,340 | |||||
Warranty Reserve Activity |
The following table summarizes the activity related to the warranty reserve during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Nine Months Ended | |||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||
2005 | 2004 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 19,185 | $ | 5,996 | |||||
Charged to costs and expenses | 1,538 | 12,704 | |||||||
Acquired through acquisition | 55 | — | |||||||
Payments | (3,738 | ) | (1,429 | ) | |||||
Ending balance | $ | 17,040 | $ | 17,271 | |||||
Restructuring Activity |
The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s restructuring liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2005:
Nine Months Ended | |||||
September 30, | |||||
2005 | |||||
(In thousands) | |||||
Beginning balance | $ | 27,117 | |||
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions(1) | 1,457 | ||||
Cash payments(2) | (7,634 | ) | |||
Reversal of restructuring liabilities(3) | (2,500 | ) | |||
Ending balance | $ | 18,440 | |||
(1) | The Company assumed additional liabilities of approximately $1.5 million in connection with its acquisition of Zeevo, Inc. in March 2005, primarily for the consolidation of excess facilities relating to non-cancelable lease costs and write-offs of leasehold improvements. |
(2) | These cash payments relate to net lease payments on excess facilities and non-cancelable lease costs. The consolidation of excess facilities costs will be paid over the respective lease terms through 2010. |
(3) | The Company recorded a reversal of restructuring liabilities of approximately $2.5 million primarily reflecting a revised estimate of sublease assumptions in the three months ended September 30, 2005. |
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Computation of Net Income Per Share |
The following table presents the computation of net income per share:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Numerator: Net income | $ | 132,656 | $ | 43,901 | $ | 216,899 | $ | 147,604 | |||||||||
Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding | 342,201 | 323,050 | 336,503 | 316,385 | |||||||||||||
Less: Unvested common shares outstanding | (352 | ) | (509 | ) | (429 | ) | (301 | ) | |||||||||
Denominator for net income per share (basic) | 341,849 | 322,541 | 336,074 | 316,084 | |||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||||||||
Unvested common shares outstanding | 344 | 493 | 415 | 283 | |||||||||||||
Stock options, restricted stock units and certain other equity compensation instruments | 41,482 | 24,355 | 31,832 | 31,082 | |||||||||||||
Denominator for net income per share (diluted) | 383,675 | 347,389 | 368,321 | 347,449 | |||||||||||||
Net income per share (basic) | $ | .39 | $ | .14 | $ | .65 | $ | .47 | |||||||||
Net income per share (diluted) | $ | .35 | $ | .13 | $ | .59 | $ | .42 | |||||||||
At September 30, 2005 common share equivalents were calculated based on (i) stock options to purchase 99,174,323 shares of Class A or Class B common stock outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $28.01 per share and (ii) 4,279,609 restricted stock units that entitle the holder to receive a like number of freely transferable shares of Class A common stock as the awards vest.
3. | Business Combinations |
The Company completed three acquisitions in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of the acquired companies commencing as of their respective acquisition dates.
A summary of the transactions as of their respective acquisition dates is outlined below:
Shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
for Stock | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase | Shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Date | Shares | Rights | Issued or | Cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
Company Acquired | Acquired | Business | Issued | Assumed | Reserved | Consideration | ||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alliant Networks, Inc. | Feb. 2005 | WLAN embedded software | — | — | — | $ | 2,313 | |||||||||||||||||
Zeevo, Inc. | Mar. 2005 | Bluetooth headset chipsets | — | — | — | 24,147 | ||||||||||||||||||
Siliquent Technologies Inc. | Aug. 2005 | 10 Gigabit Ethernet server controllers | 36,716 | 161,387 | 198,103 | 75,533 | ||||||||||||||||||
36,716 | 161,387 | 198,103 | $ | 101,993 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
The Company’s primary reasons for the above acquisitions were to enter into or expand its market share in the relevant broadband communications markets, reduce the time required to develop new technologies and products and bring them to market, incorporate enhanced functionality into and complement the Company’s existing product offerings, augment its engineering workforce, and/or enhance its technological capabilities.
Approximately $14.7 million of the cash consideration for the Siliquent acquisition is expected to be paid in the three months ending December 31, 2005 to certain former Siliquent stockholders upon obtaining appropriate documentation from each such stockholder. Certain of the cash consideration in the above acquisitions is currently held in escrow pursuant to the terms of the respective acquisition agreements. Additionally, certain issued shares are subject to the Company’s right of repurchase should the stockholder cease employment with the Company prior to the scheduled vesting of those shares.
In October 2005 the Company acquired Athena Semiconductors, Inc. See Note 8.
Allocation of Initial Purchase Consideration |
The Company calculated the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired to allocate the purchase prices in accordance with SFAS No. 141,Business Combinations. Based upon those calculations, the purchase price for each of the acquisitions was allocated as follows:
Net Assets | Goodwill and | In-Process | ||||||||||||||||||
(Liabilities) | Purchased | Deferred | Research & | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Company Acquired | Assumed | Intangibles | Compensation | Development | Consideration | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Alliant | $ | (474 | ) | $ | 2,787 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2,313 | |||||||||
Zeevo | (6,720 | ) | 24,215 | — | 6,652 | 24,147 | ||||||||||||||
Siliquent | (7,851 | ) | 48,556 | 7,718 | 35,000 | 83,423 | ||||||||||||||
Total acquisitions | $ | (15,045 | ) | $ | 75,558 | $ | 7,718 | $ | 41,652 | $ | 109,883 | |||||||||
The equity consideration for each acquisition was calculated as follows: (i) common shares issued were valued based upon the Company’s stock price for a period commencing two trading days before and ending two trading days after the parties reached agreement and the proposed transaction was announced and (ii) restricted common stock and employee stock options were valued in accordance with FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 44,Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation — An Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25. Acquisition costs of approximately $1.3 million incurred by the Company have been included as part of the net liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisitions completed in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Condensed Balance Sheets |
The following table presents the combined details of the unaudited condensed balance sheets of the acquired companies at the respective closing dates of each acquisition:
2005 | ||||||
Acquisitions | ||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||
ASSETS | ||||||
Current assets: | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 9,189 | ||||
Accounts receivable | 808 | |||||
Inventory | 1,043 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,126 | |||||
Total current assets | 12,166 | |||||
Property and equipment, net | 680 | |||||
Other assets | 456 | |||||
Total assets | $ | 13,302 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 7,905 | ||||
Wages and related benefits | 789 | |||||
Accrued liabilities | 15,849 | |||||
Short-term debt | 2,482 | |||||
Total current liabilities | 27,025 | |||||
Total shareholders’ equity (deficit) | (13,723 | ) | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | 13,302 | ||||
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets |
The following table presents the combined details of the total goodwill and purchased intangible assets of the acquired companies at the respective closing dates of each acquisition:
2005 | |||||||||
Useful Life | Acquisitions | ||||||||
(In years) | (In thousands) | ||||||||
Goodwill | N/A | $ | 70,187 | ||||||
Purchased intangible assets (finite lives): | |||||||||
Completed technology | 2 to 3 | 3,869 | |||||||
Other | < 1 | 1,502 | |||||||
$ | 75,558 | ||||||||
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
In-Process Research and Development |
In-process research and development (“IPR&D”) totaled $41.7 million for two of the acquisitions completed in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The amounts allocated to IPR&D were determined through established valuation techniques used in the high technology industry and were expensed upon acquisition as it was determined that the underlying projects had not reached technological feasibility and no alternative future uses existed. In accordance with SFAS No. 2,Accounting for Research and Development Costs, as clarified by FIN No. 4,Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method, an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 2, amounts assigned to IPR&D meeting the above-stated criteria were charged to expense as part of the allocation of the purchase price.
The fair value of the IPR&D for each of the acquisitions was determined using the income approach. Under the income approach, the expected future cash flows from each project under development are estimated and discounted to their net present value at an appropriate risk-adjusted rate of return. Significant factors considered in the calculation of the rate of return are the weighted-average cost of capital and return on assets, as well as the risks inherent in the development process, including the likelihood of achieving technological success and market acceptance. Each project was analyzed to determine the unique technological innovations, the existence and reliance on core technology, the existence of any alternative future use or current technological feasibility, and the complexity, cost and time to complete the remaining development. Future cash flows for each project were estimated based on forecasted revenue and costs, taking into account product life cycles, and market penetration and growth rates.
The IPR&D charge includes only the fair value of IPR&D performed as of the respective acquisition dates. The fair value of developed technology is included in identifiable purchased intangible assets, and future research and development is included in goodwill. The Company believes the amounts recorded as IPR&D, as well as developed technology, represent the fair values and approximate the amounts an independent party would pay for these projects at the time of the respective acquisition dates.
The following table summarizes the significant assumptions underlying the valuations of IPR&D at the acquisition dates for the Company’s acquisitions completed in the nine months ended September 30, 2005:
Weighted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Risk | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Estimated | Estimated | Estimated | Adjusted | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percent | Time to | Cost to | Discount | |||||||||||||||||||||
Company Acquired | Development Projects | Complete | Complete | Complete | Rate | IPR&D | ||||||||||||||||||
(In years) | (In millions) | (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Zeevo | Bluetooth wireless audio chipset | 85% | 1.0 | $ | 5.5 | 22 | % | $ | 6.7 | |||||||||||||||
Siliquent | 10 GbE server controller | 40% | 1.0 | $ | 17.3 | 27 | % | $ | 35.0 |
Actual results to date have been consistent, in all material respects, with the Company’s assumptions at the time of the acquisitions. The assumptions consist primarily of expected completion dates for the IPR&D projects, estimated costs to complete the projects, and revenue and expense projections for the products once they have entered the market.
As of the respective acquisition dates of the 2005 acquisitions, certain ongoing development projects were in process. Research and development costs to bring the products of the acquired companies to technological feasibility are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Supplemental Pro Forma Data (Unaudited) |
The pro forma data of the Company set forth below gives effect to certain acquisitions completed in 2005 and 2004 as if they had occurred at the beginning of 2004 and includes amortization of purchased intangible assets and stock-based compensation expense, but excludes the charge for acquired IPR&D. Included in the reported pro forma data for 2004 is a restructuring charge in the amount of approximately $3.4 million for the consolidation of excess facilities, related primarily to non-cancelable lease costs. In addition, a pre-acquisition contingency was recorded in the amount of $14.0 million in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Siliquent and a related intellectual property dispute. This pro forma data is presented for informational purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of the results of future operations of the Company or of the results that would have actually occurred had the acquisitions taken place at the beginning of 2004. No supplemental pro forma information is presented for the acquisitions of Alliant, Zeevo, RAIDCore, Inc. and M-Stream, Inc. due to the immaterial effect of those acquisitions on the results of operations.
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands, | ||||||||
except per share data) | ||||||||
Pro forma net revenue | $ | 1,850,257 | $ | 1,871,384 | ||||
Pro forma net income | 229,196 | 175,445 | ||||||
Pro forma net income per share (basic) | .68 | .54 | ||||||
Pro forma net income per share (diluted) | .62 | .49 |
4. | Income Taxes |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005 the Company recorded deductible settlement costs of $110 million, which eliminated the Company’s projected 2005 domestic income tax expense. The Company has not recorded a deferred tax benefit for domestic tax losses due to uncertainty as to their future realization. In addition, during the three months ended September 30, 2005 the Company realized tax benefits from the reversal of certain prior period tax accruals for foreign subsidiaries of $25.9 million due to the expiration of the statute of limitations for the assessment of such taxes, which benefits offset the Company’s non-U.S. taxes on certain foreign operations and resulted in net income tax benefits of $21.4 million and $19.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively. This compares with tax provisions of $27.5 million and $63.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in SFAS No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes(“SFAS 109”). The Company records net deferred tax assets in accordance with SFAS 109 to the extent it believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. Due to the Company’s cumulative domestic losses and the full utilization of its loss carrybacks, the Company provided a full valuation allowance against its domestic net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2005 and 2004 and at December 31, 2004.
5. | Shareholders’ Equity |
Share Repurchase Program |
In February 2005 the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. The Board approved the repurchase of shares having an aggregate value of up to $250 million from time to time over a period of one year, depending on market conditions.
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Through September 30, 2005 the Company repurchased 2,370,427 shares at a weighted average price of $40.45 per share. At September 30, 2005 approximately $154.1 million remained available to repurchase shares under the existing authorized program.
Comprehensive Income |
The components of comprehensive income, net of taxes, are as follows:
Nine Months Ended | |||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||
2005 | 2004 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 216,899 | $ | 147,604 | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for net realized loss included in net income | 1 | — | |||||||
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of taxes | — | (3 | ) | ||||||
Translation adjustments | 190 | 46 | |||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 217,090 | $ | 147,647 | |||||
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Accumulated unrealized loss on investments | $ | — | $ | (1 | ) | |||
Accumulated translation adjustments | 1,290 | 1,100 | ||||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive income | $ | 1,290 | $ | 1,099 | ||||
6. | Employee Benefit Plans |
In February 2005, as part of the Company’s regular annual equity compensation review for employees, the Company granted 3,164,288 restricted stock units and stock options to purchase 10,937,121 shares of Class A common stock. Restricted stock units are share awards that entitle the holder to receive freely tradable shares of the Company’s Class A common stock upon vesting. Generally, restricted stock units vest on a quarterly basis over sixteen quarters from the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock units and the exercise price of the options awarded were both $32.21 per share, the fair market value per share on the grant date. The Company recorded approximately $101.9 million of deferred compensation in the three months ended March 31, 2005 relating to the issuance of the restricted stock units, which deferred compensation is being amortized ratably over their respective vesting periods.
7. | Litigation and Settlement Costs |
Intellectual Property Proceedings.In May 2005 the Company filed a complaint in the U.S. International Trade Commission (“ITC”) asserting that Qualcomm Incorporated (“Qualcomm”) has engaged in unfair trade practices by importing integrated circuits and other products that infringe, both directly and indirectly, five of the Company’s patents relating generally to wired and wireless communications. The complaint seeks an exclusion order to bar importation of those Qualcomm products into the United States and a cease and desist order to bar further sales of infringing Qualcomm products that have already been imported. In June 2005 the ITC instituted an investigation of Qualcomm based on
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
the allegations made in the Company’s complaint. A hearing before the ITC administrative law judge is scheduled to commence February 15, 2006, and the ITC has set a target date of September 2006 for completion of the investigation. Discovery is ongoing.
In May 2005 the Company filed two complaints against Qualcomm in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. The first complaint asserts that Qualcomm has infringed, both directly and indirectly, the same five patents asserted by the Company in the ITC complaint. The District Court complaint seeks preliminary and permanent injunctions against Qualcomm and the recovery of monetary damages, including treble damages for willful infringement, and attorneys’ fees. In July 2005 Qualcomm answered the complaint and asserted counterclaims seeking a declaratory judgment that the Company’s patents are invalid and not infringed. Pursuant to statute, the court has stayed this action pending the outcome of the ITC action.
The second District Court complaint asserts that Qualcomm has infringed, both directly and indirectly, five other Broadcom patents relating generally to wired and wireless communications and multimedia processing technologies. The complaint seeks preliminary and permanent injunctions against Qualcomm and the recovery of monetary damages, including treble damages for willful infringement, and attorneys’ fees. In July 2005 Qualcomm answered the second complaint and asserted counterclaims seeking a declaratory judgment that the Company’s patents are invalid and not infringed. The court denied Qualcomm’s motion to stay the second action pending the outcome of the ITC action, and discovery is now proceeding. Trial has been set for February 2007.
In July 2005 Qualcomm filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California asserting that certain of the Company’s products infringe, both directly and indirectly, seven Qualcomm patents relating generally to the transmission, reception, and processing of communication signals, including radio signals and/or signals for wireless telephony. The complaint seeks a preliminary and permanent injunction against the Company as well as the recovery of monetary damages and attorneys’ fees. The Company filed an answer in September 2005 denying the allegations in Qualcomm’s complaint and asserting counterclaims. The counterclaims seek a declaratory judgment of noninfringement and invalidity of the seven Qualcomm patents, and assert that Qualcomm has infringed, both directly and indirectly, six of the Company’s patents relating generally to wired and wireless communications. The counterclaims seek preliminary and permanent injunctions against Qualcomm and the recovery of monetary damages, including treble damages for willful infringement, and attorneys’ fees. Qualcomm filed a reply to the counterclaim in October 2005 denying the allegations and seeking a declaratory judgment of noninfringement and invalidity of the Company’s six patents. Discovery has not yet commenced in the action, and no trial date has been set.
In August 2005 Qualcomm filed a second complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California asserting that the Company breached a contract relating to Bluetooth® development and seeking a declaration of noninfringement and invalidity of two of the patents asserted by the Company in the ITC proceeding. Qualcomm simultaneously filed a motion for preliminary injunction seeking to prevent the Company from litigating the two patents in the ITC. On the Company’s motion, the United States District Court for the Central District of California entered a preliminary injunction prohibiting Qualcomm from proceeding with the breach of contract action in San Diego. In October 2005 the same court denied Qualcomm’s motion for a preliminary injunction precluding litigation of the two patents in the ITC.
In October 2005 Qualcomm filed a third complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California asserting that certain of the Company’s products infringe, both directly and indirectly, two Qualcomm patents relating generally to the processing of digital video signals. The complaint seeks a preliminary and permanent injunction against the Company as well as
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
the recovery of monetary damages and attorneys’ fees. The Company has not yet answered the complaint, discovery has not yet commenced, and no trial date has been set.
Antitrust Proceedings. In July 2005 the Company filed a complaint against Qualcomm in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey asserting that Qualcomm’s licensing and other practices related to cellular technology and products violate federal and state antitrust laws. The complaint also asserts causes of action based on breach of contract, promissory estoppel, fraud, and tortious interference with prospective economic advantage. In September 2005 the Company filed an amended complaint in the action also challenging Qualcomm’s proposed acquisition of Flarion Technologies, Inc. under the antitrust laws and asserting violations of various state unfair competition and unfair business practices laws. Qualcomm has not yet answered the amended complaint. Discovery has commenced but a trial date has not been set.
In October 2005 the Company and five other leading mobile wireless technology companies filed complaints to the European Commission requesting that the Commission investigate Qualcomm’s anticompetitive conduct related to the licensing of its patents and the sale of its chipsets for third generation cellular technology. The Commission has not yet taken action on the complaints.
Securities Litigation.In 2001 the Company and three of its current and former executive officers were served with a number of shareholder class action complaints alleging violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The essence of the allegations was that the defendants intentionally failed to disclose and properly account for the financial impact of performance-based warrants assumed in connection with five acquisitions consummated in 2000 and 2001, which plaintiffs alleged had the effect of materially overstating the Company’s reported and future financial performance. The lawsuits were consolidated into a single action before the United States District Court for the Central District of California entitledIn re Broadcom Corp. Securities Litigation(the “Class Action”). The court issued an order certifying a class of all persons or entities who purchased or otherwise acquired publicly traded securities of the Company, or bought or sold options on the Company’s stock, between July 31, 2000 and February 26, 2001, with certain exceptions.
By a Stipulation of Settlement (the “Stipulation”) dated as of June 24, 2005, the parties agreed to settle the Class Action. Pursuant to the Stipulation, the Class Action has been dismissed with prejudice in exchange for an aggregate payment of $150 million in cash (the “Settlement Fund”), which will be held in escrow and distributed to class members after the payment of the costs of administering the settlement and fees and costs the awarded to plaintiffs’ counsel by the court. The Company’s insurance carriers paid approximately $40 million of the Settlement Fund, and the balance was paid by the Company in the three month period ending September 30, 2005. As part of the settlement, the Company and the other Defendants continue to deny any liability or wrongdoing with respect to the claims raised in the Class Action. In September 2005 the court granted final approval of the Stipulation and entered final judgment and an order of dismissal thereon and made effective full releases by all class members of all claims relating to the matters asserted in the Class Action. However, two objectors to the settlement have filed notices of appeal before the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals from, among other things, the order granting final approval of the settlement and the final judgment and order of dismissal. The Settlement Fund will not be distributed to members of the class until all appeals have been resolved. If for any reason the settlement does not become final, or the Stipulation is cancelled or terminated, contributions to the Settlement Fund will be returned to the parties that made them (less any notice or administrative costs incurred pursuant to the Stipulation), the parties will be restored to their respective positions in the litigation as of June 20, 2005, and the Company will continue to contest the claims on the merits.
In February 2002 an additional complaint, entitledArenson, et al. v. Broadcom Corp., et al., was filed by 47 persons and entities in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange,
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
against the Company and three of its current and former executive officers. The separate case, which asserted causes of action substantially identical to those in the Class Action, was removed to the United States District Court for the Central District of California and consolidated with the Class Action for purposes of discovery. The Stipulation of Settlement in the Class Action provided to theArensonplaintiffs the option of joining the class in the Class Action in exchange for dismissal of their claims in the separate case. In September 2005 each of theArensonplaintiffs exercised that option. Accordingly, theArenson plaintiffs are now bound by the terms of the Class Action settlement and the judgment in the Class Action, subject to the outcome of the appeals. In October 2005 the parties filed a stipulation dismissing theArensonaction with prejudice.
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with each of its present and former directors and officers. Under these agreements, the Company is required to indemnify each such director or officer against expenses, including attorney’s fees, judgments, fines and settlements (collectively “Liabilities”), paid by such individual in connection with the Class Action and theArensonlawsuit (other than Liabilities arising from willful misconduct or conduct that is knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest).
United States Attorney’s Office Investigation.In June 2005 the United States Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of California commenced an investigation into the possible misuse of proprietary competitor information by certain Broadcom employees. The company is cooperating fully with the investigation.
General.The foregoing discussion includes material developments that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2005 or thereafter in material legal proceedings in which the Company and/or its subsidiaries are involved. For additional information regarding certain of these legal proceedings, see Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
The Company and its subsidiaries are also involved in other legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business.
The pending proceedings involve complex questions of fact and law and likely will require the expenditure of significant funds and the diversion of other resources to prosecute and defend. The results of legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, and material adverse outcomes are possible. From time to time the Company may enter into confidential discussions regarding the potential settlement of pending litigation or other proceedings; however, there can be no assurance that any such discussions will occur or will result in a settlement. Moreover, the settlement of any pending litigation or other proceeding could require the Company to incur substantial settlement payments and costs. In addition, the settlement of any intellectual property proceeding may require the Company to obtain a license under a third party’s intellectual property rights that could require one-time license fees and/or royalty payments in the future and/or to grant a license to certain of its intellectual property rights to a third party under a cross-license agreement. If any of those events were to occur, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. For information regarding the Company’s litigation settlements prior to 2005, see the discussion of recent litigation settlements in Notes 11 and 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
8. | Subsequent Events |
In October 2005 the Company acquired Athena Semiconductors, Inc., a fabless semiconductor company engaged in the design and development of mobile digital television tuner and low-power
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BROADCOM CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2005 — (Continued)
Wi-Fi® technology. In connection with the acquisition, the Company paid approximately $21.3 million in cash in exchange for all outstanding shares of Athena capital stock and other rights of Athena. A portion of the consideration payable to the stockholders of Athena has been placed into escrow pursuant to the terms of the acquisition agreement. The Company may record a one-time charge for purchased in-process research and development expenses related to the acquisition in the three months ending December 31, 2005. The amount of that charge, if any, has not yet been determined.
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
Cautionary Statement
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Report. The information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not a complete description of our business or the risks associated with an investment in our common stock. We urge you to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this Report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, which discuss our business in greater detail.
The section entitled “Risk Factors” set forth below, and similar discussions in our other SEC filings, describe some of the important risk factors that may affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. You should carefully consider those risks, in addition to the other information in this Report and in our other filings with the SEC, before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock.
All statements included or incorporated by reference in this Report, other than statements or characterizations of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning projected net revenue, costs and expenses and gross margin; our accounting estimates, assumptions and judgments; the impact of new accounting rules related to the expensing of stock options on our future reported results; our success in pending litigation; the demand for our products; the effect that seasonality in the demand for our customers’ consumer-oriented products will have on our quarterly operating results; our dependence on a few key customers for a substantial portion of our revenue; the percentage of future sales attributable to new product lines; our ability to scale our operations in response to changes in demand for existing products and services or the demand for new products requested by our customers; the competitive nature of and anticipated growth in our markets; our ability to migrate to smaller process geometries; manufacturing, assembly and test capacity; our ability to consummate acquisitions and integrate their operations successfully; our prospective needs for additional capital; inventory and accounts receivable levels; and the level of accrued rebates and the impact of such rebates on gross margin. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry and business, management’s beliefs, and certain assumptions made by us, all of which are subject to change. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing,” similar expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, some of which are listed under the section “Risk Factors” at the end of this Item 2. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Report. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statement for any reason, except as otherwise required by law.
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Overview
Broadcom Corporation is a global leader in wired and wireless broadband communications semiconductors. Our products enable the convergence of high-speed data, high definition video, voice and audio at home, in the office and on the go. Broadcom provides manufacturers of computing and networking equipment, digital entertainment and broadband access products, and mobile devices with complete system-on-a-chip and software solutions. Our diverse product portfolio addresses every major broadband communications market, and includes solutions for digital cable, satellite and Internet Protocol (IP) set-top boxes; high definition television (HDTV); cable and DSL modems and residential gateways; high-speed transmission and switching for local, metropolitan, wide area and storage networking; home and wireless networking; cellular and terrestrial wireless communications; Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) gateway and telephony systems; broadband network and security processors; and SystemI/ O server solutions.
Net Revenue. We sell our products to leading manufacturers of broadband communications equipment in each of our target markets. Because we leverage our technologies across different markets, certain of our integrated circuits may be incorporated into equipment used in several different markets. We utilize independent foundries to manufacture all of our semiconductor products.
Our net revenue is generated principally by sales of our semiconductor products. Such sales represented approximately 99.3% and 98.9% of our total net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 98.8% and 99.2% of our total net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We derive the remaining balance of our net revenue predominantly from development agreements, software licenses, maintenance agreements and cancellation fees.
The majority of our sales occur through the efforts of our direct sales force. However, sales made through distributors represented approximately 15.9% and 9.3% of our total net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 15.2% and 9.2% of our total net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The demand for our products has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• | general economic and market conditions in the semiconductor industry and the broadband communications markets; | |
• | our ability to specify, develop or acquire, complete, introduce, market and transition to volume production new products and technologies in a cost-effective and timely manner; | |
• | the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of significant customer orders and our ability, as well as the ability of our customers, to manage inventory; | |
• | seasonality in the demand for consumer products into which our solutions are incorporated; | |
• | the rate at which our present and future customers and end-users adopt our products and technologies in our target markets; and | |
• | the qualification, availability and pricing of competing products and technologies and the resulting effects on sales and pricing of our products. |
For these and other reasons, our net revenue and results of operations in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and prior periods may not necessarily be indicative of future net revenue and results of operations.
From time to time, our key customers place large orders causing our quarterly net revenue to fluctuate significantly. We expect that these fluctuations will continue and that they may be exaggerated by the increasing volume of our solutions that are incorporated into consumer products, sales of which are typically subject to greater seasonality than non-consumer OEM products.
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Sales to our five largest customers, including sales to their manufacturing subcontractors, represented approximately 45.3% and 50.5% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 46.1% and 51.5% of our net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We expect that our largest customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of our net revenue in 2005 and for the foreseeable future. The identities of our largest customers and their respective contributions to our net revenue have varied and will likely continue to vary from period to period.
Net revenue derived from all independent customers located outside the United States, excluding foreign subsidiaries or manufacturing subcontractors of customers that are headquartered in the United States, represented approximately 26.0% and 19.6% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively and 24.9% and 21.9% of our net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net revenue derived from shipments to international destinations, primarily to Asia, represented approximately 84.5% and 79.9% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 82.8% and 78.7% of our net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
All of our revenue to date has been denominated in U.S. dollars.
Gross Margin. Our gross margin, or gross profit as a percentage of net revenue, has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• | our product mix and volumes of product sales; | |
• | stock-based compensation expense; | |
• | the position of our products in their respective life cycles; | |
• | the effects of competition; | |
• | the effects of competitive pricing programs; | |
• | manufacturing cost efficiencies and inefficiencies; | |
• | fluctuations in direct product costs such as wafer pricing and assembly, packaging and testing costs, and overhead costs such as prototyping expenses; | |
• | product warranty costs; | |
• | provisions for excess or obsolete inventories; | |
• | amortization of purchased intangible assets; and | |
• | licensing and royalty arrangements. |
Net Income. Our net income has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• | stock-based compensation expense; | |
• | amortization of purchased intangible assets; | |
• | settlement costs; | |
• | in-process research and development, or IPR&D; | |
• | impairment of goodwill and intangible assets; | |
• | income tax benefits from adjustments to tax reserves of foreign subsidiaries; | |
• | gain (loss) on strategic investments; | |
• | stock-option exchange expense; and |
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• | restructuring costs or reversals thereof. |
Product Cycles. The cycle for test, evaluation and adoption of our products by customers can range from three to more than six months, with an additional three to more than nine months before a customer commences volume production of equipment incorporating our products. Due to this lengthy sales cycle, we may experience significant delays from the time we incur expenses for research and development, selling, general and administrative efforts, and investments in inventory, to the time we generate corresponding revenue, if any. The rate of new orders may vary significantly from month to month and quarter to quarter. If anticipated sales or shipments in any quarter do not occur when expected, expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, and our results of operations for that quarter, and potentially for future quarters, would be materially and adversely affected.
Acquisition Strategy. An element of our business strategy involves the acquisition of businesses, assets, products or technologies that allow us to reduce the time required to develop new technologies and products and bring them to market, incorporate enhanced functionality into and complement our existing product offerings, augment our engineering workforce, and/or enhance our technological capabilities. We plan to continue to evaluate strategic opportunities as they arise, including business combination transactions, strategic relationships, capital infusions and the purchase or sale of assets. See Notes 3 and 8 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to acquisitions made during 2005.
Business Enterprise Segments. We operate in one reportable operating segment, broadband communications. The Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 131,Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, or SFAS 131, establishes standards for the way public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual consolidated financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. SFAS 131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. Although we had four operating segments at September 30, 2005, under the aggregation criteria set forth in SFAS 131 we only operate in one reportable operating segment, broadband communications.
Under SFAS 131, two or more operating segments may be aggregated into a single operating segment for financial reporting purposes if aggregation is consistent with the objective and basic principles of SFAS 131, if the segments have similar economic characteristics, and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas:
• | the nature of products and services; | |
• | the nature of the production processes; | |
• | the type or class of customer for their products and services; and | |
• | the methods used to distribute their products or provide their services. |
We meet each of the aggregation criteria for the following reasons:
• | the sale of integrated circuits is the only material source of revenue for each of our four operating segments or business groups; | |
• | the integrated circuits sold by each of our operating segments use the same standard CMOS manufacturing processes; | |
• | the integrated circuits marketed by each of our operating segments are sold to one type of customer: manufacturers of broadband equipment, which incorporate our integrated circuits into their electronic products; and | |
• | all of our integrated circuits are sold through a centralized sales force and common wholesale distributors. |
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All of our business groups share similar economic characteristics as they have a similar long term business model, operate at similar gross margins, and have similar research and development expenses and similar selling, general and administrative expenses. The causes for variation among each of our business groups are the same and include factors such as (i) life cycle and price and cost fluctuations, (ii) number of competitors, (iii) product differentiation and (iv) size of market opportunity. Additionally, each business group is subject to the overall cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry. The number and composition of employees and the amounts and types of tools and materials required are similar for each business group. Finally, even though we periodically reorganize our business groups based upon changes in customers, end markets or products, acquisitions, long-term growth strategies, and the experience and bandwidth of the senior executives in charge, the common financial goals for each business group remain constant.
Because we meet each of the criteria set forth in SFAS 131 and our four business groups as of September 30, 2005 share similar economic characteristics, we aggregate our results of operations in one reportable operating segment.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses in the reporting period. We regularly evaluate our estimates and assumptions related to allowances for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances, warranty reserves, inventory reserves, stock-based compensation expense, goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations, strategic investments, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, restructuring costs, litigation and other loss contingencies. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.
We believe the following critical accounting policies require us to make significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements:
• | Net Revenue. We recognize product revenue when the following fundamental criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) our price to the customer is fixed or determinable and (iv) collection of the resulting accounts receivable is reasonably assured. These criteria are usually met at the time of product shipment. However, we do not recognize revenue until all customer acceptance requirements have been met, when applicable. A portion of our sales are made through distributors under agreements allowing for pricing credits and/or rights of return. Product revenue on sales made through these distributors is not recognized until the distributors ship the product to their customers. Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of an arrangement. Shipping documents and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery or that services have been rendered. We assess whether a price is fixed or determinable based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. We assess the collectibility of our accounts receivable based primarily upon the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and analysis, as well as the customer’s payment history. | |
• | Sales Returns and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We record reductions to revenue for estimated product returns and pricing adjustments, such as competitive pricing programs and rebates, in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data, specific criteria included in rebate |
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agreements, and other factors known at the time. Additional reductions to revenue would result if actual product returns or pricing adjustments exceed our estimates. We also maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of any of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of its ability to make payments, additional allowances could be required. | ||
• | Inventory and Warranty Reserves. We establish inventory reserves for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory in an amount equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and its estimated realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory reserves could be required. Our products typically carry a one to three year warranty. We establish reserves for estimated product warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized. Although we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, use of materials and service delivery costs incurred in correcting any product failure. Should actual product failure rates, use of materials or service delivery costs differ from our estimates, additional warranty reserves could be required. In that event, our gross profit and gross margins would be reduced. | |
• | Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets. Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The amounts and useful lives assigned to intangible assets acquired, other than goodwill, impact the amount and timing of future amortization, and the amount assigned to in-process research and development is expensed immediately. The value of our intangible assets, including goodwill, could be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) any future declines in our operating results, (ii) a decline in the valuation of technology company stocks, including the valuation of our common stock, (iii) another significant slowdown in the worldwide economy or the semiconductor industry or (iv) any failure to meet the performance projections included in our forecasts of future operating results. We evaluate these assets, including purchased intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives, on an annual basis in the fourth quarter or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. In the process of our annual impairment review, we primarily use the income approach methodology of valuation that includes the discounted cash flow method as well as other generally accepted valuation methodologies to determine the fair value of our intangible assets. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in the discounted cash flow method of valuation. The estimates we have used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage our business. It is possible, however, that the plans and estimates used may be incorrect. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur additional impairment charges. | |
• | Deferred Taxes and Tax Contingencies. We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and recent financial performance. As a result of our cumulative domestic losses and the full utilization of our loss carrybacks, we have concluded that a full valuation allowance against our domestic net deferred tax assets was appropriate. In the future, if we realize a deferred tax asset that carries a valuation allowance, we will record a reduction to income tax expense in the period of such realization. We record estimated tax liabilities to the extent the contingencies are probable and can be reasonably estimated. However the actual liability for any such tax contingencies may be materially different from our estimates, which could result in the need to record additional tax liabilities or potentially reverse previously recorded tax liabilities. | |
• | Litigation and Settlement Costs. From time to time, we are involved in disputes, litigation and other legal proceedings. We prosecute and defend these matters aggressively. However, there are |
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many uncertainties associated with any litigation, and we cannot assure you that these actions or other third party claims against us will be resolved without costly litigation and/or substantial settlement charges. In addition, the resolution of any future intellectual property litigation may require us to pay damages for past infringement or one-time license fees or running royalties, which could adversely impact gross profit and gross margins in future periods, or could prevent us from manufacturing or selling some of our products or limit or restrict the type of work that employees involved in such litigation may perform for Broadcom. If any of those events were to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. We record a charge equal to at least the minimum estimated liability for a loss contingency when both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and (ii) the range of loss can be reasonably estimated. However the actual liability in any such litigation may be materially different from our estimates, which could result in the need to record additional costs. |
Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared to the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004
The following table sets forth certain statement of operations data expressed as a percentage of net revenue for the periods indicated:
Three Months | Nine Months | ||||||||||||||||
Ended | Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Net revenue | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | 47.0 | 49.8 | 47.3 | 49.5 | |||||||||||||
Cost of revenue — stock-based compensation | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||
Gross profit | 52.9 | 50.2 | 52.6 | 50.4 | |||||||||||||
Operating expense: | |||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | 22.9 | 19.2 | 23.9 | 19.8 | |||||||||||||
Research and development — stock-based compensation | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.8 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative(1) | 9.3 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 8.7 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative — stock-based compensation | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||
Amortization of purchased intangible assets | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||
In-process research and development | 5.0 | 5.8 | 2.2 | 3.4 | |||||||||||||
Restructuring costs (reversal) | (0.4 | ) | — | (0.1 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Settlement costs | — | 5.5 | 5.9 | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
Impairment of intangible assets | — | — | — | 1.0 | |||||||||||||
Income from operations | 13.6 | 9.3 | 8.7 | 10.5 | |||||||||||||
Interest income, net | 2.0 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||
Other income, net | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | |||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 16.0 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 11.3 | |||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (3.1 | ) | 4.2 | (1.0 | ) | 3.4 | |||||||||||
Net income | 19.1 | % | 6.8 | % | 11.7 | % | 7.9 | % | |||||||||
(1) | Excludes stock-based compensation expense, which is presented separately by respective expense category. Stock-based compensation expense includes the impact of restricted stock units and certain other equity compensation instruments we issued, as well as stock options and restricted stock we assumed in acquisitions. |
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Net Revenue, Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit |
The following tables present net revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | Increase | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 694,977 | 100.0 | % | $ | 646,515 | 100.0 | % | $ | 48,462 | 7.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | 326,608 | 47.0 | 322,038 | 49.8 | 4,570 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue — stock-based compensation | 471 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.0 | 470 | |||||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 367,898 | 52.9 | % | $ | 324,476 | 50.2 | % | $ | 43,422 | 13.4 | |||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 1,850,183 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,861,220 | 100.0 | % | $ | (11,037 | ) | (0.6 | )% | |||||||||||
Cost of revenue(1) | 875,417 | 47.3 | 921,727 | 49.5 | (46,310 | ) | (5.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue — stock-based compensation | 1,233 | 0.1 | 1,272 | 0.1 | (39 | ) | (3.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 973,533 | 52.6 | % | $ | 938,221 | 50.4 | % | $ | 35,312 | 3.8 | |||||||||||||
(1) | Excludes stock-based compensation expense, which is presented separately. Stock-based compensation expense includes the impact of restricted stock units and certain other equity compensation instruments we issued, as well as stock options and restricted stock we assumed in acquisitions. |
Net Revenue. Our revenue is generated principally by sales of our semiconductor products. Net revenue is revenue less reductions for rebates and provisions for returns and allowances. The following tables present net revenue from each of our major target markets and their contributions to net revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enterprise networking | $ | 272,144 | 39.2 | % | $ | 295,724 | 45.8 | % | $ | (23,580 | ) | (8.0 | )% | |||||||||||
Broadband communications | 237,172 | 34.1 | 218,810 | 33.8 | 18,362 | 8.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mobile and wireless | 185,661 | 26.7 | 131,981 | 20.4 | 53,680 | 40.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 694,977 | 100.0 | % | $ | 646,515 | 100.0 | % | $ | 48,462 | 7.5 | |||||||||||||
The decrease in net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from our enterprise networking target market resulted primarily from the previously anticipated decline in shipments of our Intel processor-based server chipsets. This was offset in part by an increase in net revenue from our enterprise Ethernet products. The increase in net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from our broadband communications target market resulted primarily from an increase in net revenue from solutions for broadband modems, partially offset by a decrease in our digital set-top box revenue. The increase in net revenue from our mobile and wireless target market in the three months ended
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September 30, 2005 resulted primarily from strength in our Bluetooth and mobile multimedia product offerings partially offset by a reduction in our cellular handset business.
Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enterprise networking | $ | 759,250 | 41.0 | % | $ | 883,042 | 47.4 | % | $ | (123,792 | ) | (14.0 | )% | |||||||||||
Broadband communications | 670,115 | 36.2 | 605,029 | 32.5 | 65,086 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mobile and wireless | 420,818 | 22.8 | 373,149 | 20.1 | 47,669 | 12.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 1,850,183 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,861,220 | 100.0 | % | $ | (11,037 | ) | (0.6 | ) | |||||||||||
The decrease in net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from our enterprise networking target market resulted primarily from the previously anticipated decline in shipments of our Intel processor-based server chipsets. This was offset in part by an increase in net revenue from our enterprise Ethernet products. The increase in net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 in our broadband communications target market resulted primarily from an increase in net revenue from solutions for broadband modems, partially offset by a decrease in our digital set-top box revenue. The increase in net revenue from our mobile and wireless target market in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 resulted primarily from strength in our Bluetooth product offerings partially offset by a reduction in our cellular handset and wireless LAN businesses.
The following table presents net revenue from each of our major target markets and their contributions to net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | Increase | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enterprise networking | $ | 272,144 | 39.2 | % | $ | 253,153 | 41.9 | % | $ | 18,991 | 7.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Broadband communications | 237,172 | 34.1 | 225,735 | 37.3 | 11,437 | 5.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mobile and wireless | 185,661 | 26.7 | 125,973 | 20.8 | 59,688 | 47.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net revenue | $ | 694,977 | 100.0 | % | $ | 604,861 | 100.0 | % | $ | 90,116 | 14.9 | |||||||||||||
The increase in net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from our enterprise networking target market resulted primarily from an increase in net revenue from our enterprise Ethernet products. The increase in net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from our broadband communications target market resulted primarily from an increase in net revenue from solutions for broadband modems partially offset by a decrease in our digital set-top box revenue. The increase in net revenue from our mobile and wireless target market in the three months ended September 30, 2005 resulted primarily from strength in our Bluetooth, wireless LAN and mobile multimedia product offerings.
Our enterprise networking products include Ethernet controllers, transceivers, switches, broadband network and security processors, server chipsets and storage products. Our broadband communications products include solutions for cable modems, digital cable and direct broadcast satellite set-top boxes, personal video recording applications, DSL applications, IP set-top boxes, HD-DVDs and digital TVs. Our mobile and wireless products include wireless LAN, cellular, Bluetooth, mobile multimedia and VoIP solutions.
We currently anticipate that total net revenue in the three months ending December 31, 2005 will increase by approximately ten to twelve percent over net revenue recognized in the three months ended September 30, 2005. We believe that some of this increase will be the result of continuing seasonal strength for consumer products into which our solutions are incorporated. However, we believe that our net
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revenue in the three months ending March 31, 2006 may decrease slightly as compared to three months ending December 31, 2005 due to an anticipated peak in seasonal spending patterns during the December 2005 quarter for consumer products into which our solutions are incorporated.
We recorded rebates to certain customers in the amounts of $59.3 million and $74.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and $164.5 million and $206.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We account for rebates in accordance with FASB Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 01-9,Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products), and, accordingly, record reductions to revenue for rebates in the same period that the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms included in our various rebate agreements. Historically, reversals of rebate accruals have not been material. We anticipate that accrued rebates will vary in future periods based on the level of overall sales to customers that participate in our rebate programs. However, we do not expect rebates to impact our gross margin as our prices to these customers and corresponding revenue and margins are already net of such rebates.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit. Cost of revenue includes the cost of purchasing the finished silicon wafers manufactured by independent foundries, costs associated with our purchase of assembly, test and quality assurance services and packaging materials for semiconductor products, prototyping costs, amortization of purchased technology, and manufacturing overhead, including costs of personnel and equipment associated with manufacturing support, product warranty costs and provisions for excess or obsolete inventories. Gross profit represents net revenue less the cost of revenue.
The increase in absolute dollars of gross profit in the three months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2004 resulted primarily from the 7.5% increase in net revenue. Gross margin increased from 50.2% in the three months ended September 30, 2004 to 52.9% in the three months ended September 30, 2005. Gross margin increased from 50.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 52.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The primary factors that resulted in the 2.7 and 2.2 percentage point improvements in gross margin in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively were the continuing benefits from the favorable foundry pricing we were able to negotiate at the beginning of 2005, as well as some other product cost savings, particularly in the area of testing.
At September 30, 2005 the unamortized balance of deferred compensation, which will be amortized to cost of revenue through 2009, was approximately $5.6 million. However, if there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested securities, we may be required to either accelerate the amortization of or cancel the remaining deferred compensation. In the event additional deferred compensation is recorded in connection with any future acquisitions, our cost of revenue may be increased by the amortization of such additional deferred compensation.
The following table presents details of the amortization of purchased intangible assets by expense category:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 2,774 | $ | 3,782 | $ | 8,308 | $ | 9,228 | ||||||||
Operating expense | 1,040 | 1,296 | 2,992 | 2,127 | ||||||||||||
$ | 3,814 | $ | 5,078 | $ | 11,300 | $ | 11,355 | |||||||||
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The following table presents details of the unamortized balance of purchased intangible assets that will be amortized to future cost of revenue and operating expense:
Net | ||||||||||||||||
Purchased | ||||||||||||||||
Intangibles | ||||||||||||||||
Assets at | Amortizable in | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 8,197 | $ | 2,774 | $ | 4,940 | $ | 483 | ||||||||
Operating expense | 2,949 | 1,040 | 1,736 | 173 | ||||||||||||
$ | 11,146 | $ | 3,814 | $ | 6,676 | $ | 656 | |||||||||
However, if we acquire purchased intangible assets in the future, our cost of revenue and/or other operating expenses will be increased by the amortization of those assets.
Gross margin has been and will likely continue to be impacted in the future by competitive pricing programs, fluctuations in silicon wafer costs and assembly, packaging and testing costs, product warranty costs, provisions for excess or obsolete inventories, possible future changes in product mix and the introduction of products with lower margins, among other factors. Due primarily to anticipated higher assembly and test costs resulting from higher rates of utilization at some of our suppliers, we anticipate that our gross margin in the three months ended December 31, 2005 will decrease slightly compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. Our gross margin may also be impacted by additional stock-based compensation expense and amortization of purchased intangible assets related to future acquisitions and will be impacted by additional stock-based compensation expense commencing in the first quarter of 2006, when we are currently scheduled to implement expensing of stock options pursuant to SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, issued by the FASB. For a discussion of the effects of future expensing of stock options, see “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” below.
Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses |
The following tables present research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | Increase | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | $ | 159,096 | 22.9 | % | $ | 123,935 | 19.2 | % | $ | 35,161 | 28.4 | % | ||||||||||||
Research and development — stock-based compensation | 11,559 | 1.7 | 9,860 | 1.5 | 1,699 | 17.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative(1) | 64,838 | 9.3 | 53,743 | 8.3 | 11,095 | 20.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative — stock-based compensation | 4,554 | 0.7 | 2,634 | 0.4 | 1,920 | 72.9 |
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Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development(1) | $ | 441,660 | 23.9 | % | $ | 367,666 | 19.8 | % | $ | 73,994 | 20.1 | % | ||||||||||||
Research and development — stock-based compensation | 28,499 | 1.5 | 53,020 | 2.8 | (24,521 | ) | (46.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative(1) | 176,948 | 9.6 | 161,290 | 8.7 | 15,658 | 9.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative — stock-based compensation | 12,694 | 0.7 | 9,124 | 0.5 | 3,570 | 39.1 |
(1) | Excludes stock-based compensation expense, which is presented separately by respective expense category. Stock-based compensation expense includes the impact of restricted stock units and certain other equity compensation instruments we issued, as well as stock options and restricted stock we assumed in acquisitions. For a further discussion of stock-based compensation expense, see the section entitled “Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative — Stock-Based Compensation Expense” below. |
Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries and related costs of employees engaged in research, design and development activities, costs related to engineering design tools and computer hardware, subcontracting costs, prototyping costs and facilities expenses. Amounts associated with stock-based compensation expense for employees engaged in research and development are shown separately. Research and development expense does not include amounts associated with amortization of purchased intangible assets related to research and development activities.
The increase in research and development expense in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 resulted primarily from increases of $21.8 million and $53.3 million, respectively, in personnel-related expenses. The increases in personnel-related expenses were primarily due to an increase in the number of employees engaged in research and development activities since September 30, 2004, resulting from both direct hiring and acquisitions, as well as increased cash compensation levels. Based upon past experience, we anticipate that research and development expense will continue to increase over the long term as a result of the growth and diversification of the markets we serve, new product opportunities, any increased headcount, changes in our compensation policies and any expansion into new markets and technologies. We anticipate that research and development expense in the three months ending December 31, 2005 will increase as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005.
We remain committed to significant research and development efforts to extend our technology leadership in the broadband communications markets in which we operate. We hold over 1,100 U.S. patents, and we maintain an active program of filing for and acquiring additional U.S. and foreign patents in broadband communications and other fields.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Selling, general and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses, legal and other professional fees, facilities expenses, communications expenses and advertising expenses. Amounts associated with stock-based compensation expense for selling, general and administrative employees are shown separately. Selling, general and administrative expense does not include amounts associated with amortization of purchased intangible assets related to selling, general and administrative activities.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expense in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 resulted primarily from increases of $5.9 million and $19.9 million, respectively, in personnel-related expenses. The increase in personnel-related expenses was primarily due to an increase in the number of employees engaged in selling, general and administrative activities since September 30, 2004, resulting from both
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direct hiring and acquisitions, as well as increased cash compensation levels. These increases were partially offset by decreases in advertising and professional fees. Based upon past experience, we anticipate that selling, general and administrative expense will continue to increase over the long term to support any expansion of our operations through periodic changes in our infrastructure, any increased headcount, changes in our compensation policies, acquisition and integration activities, international operations, and current and future litigation. We anticipate that selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ending December 31, 2005 will increase as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005.
Research and Development and Selling, General and Administrative — Stock-Based Compensation Expense. Stock-based compensation expense principally represents the amortization of deferred compensation resulting from restricted stock units issued to employees and unvested equity compensation instruments assumed in acquisitions. Deferred compensation is presented as a reduction of shareholders’ equity and is amortized ratably over the respective vesting periods of the applicable unvested securities, generally four years. In February 2005 we recorded approximately $101.9 million of deferred compensation related to the issuance of 3,164,288 restricted stock units in connection with our regular annual equity compensation review for employees. This deferred compensation will be amortized ratably over the vesting periods of the underlying restricted stock units.
The decrease in research and development stock-based compensation expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004 related primarily to a reduction in the amortization of deferred compensation resulting from assumed unvested equity compensation instruments becoming fully vested and the elimination of deferred compensation as a result of the termination of employment of certain employees, partially offset by the amortization of deferred compensation resulting from the issuance of restricted stock units in 2005. At September 30, 2005 the unamortized balance of deferred compensation, which will be amortized to operating expenses through 2010, was approximately $157.3 million. However, if there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested stock options, restricted stock or restricted stock units, we may be required to either accelerate the amortization of or cancel the corresponding deferred compensation. In the event additional deferred compensation is recorded in connection with any future acquisitions, our operating expenses would be increased by the amortization of such additional deferred compensation.
For a discussion of the effects of future expensing of stock options, see “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” below.
In-Process Research and Development |
In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 we recorded IPR&D of $35.0 million and $41.7 million, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 we recorded IPR&D of $37.3 million and $63.8 million, respectively. The amounts allocated to IPR&D in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were determined through established valuation techniques used in the high technology industry and were expensed upon acquisition as it was determined that the underlying projects had not reached technological feasibility and no alternative future uses existed. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Settlement Costs and Impairment of Purchased Intangible Assets |
In the three months ended June 30, 2005 we recorded estimated settlement costs in the amount of $110.0 million primarily related to our agreement to settle the securities class action litigation pending against us and certain of our current and former officers and directors. See Note 7 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
For settlement costs and impairment of purchased intangible assets in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, see the discussions included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004, as well as our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended
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September 30, 2004. There were no comparable impairments of purchased intangible assets in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Interest and Other Income, Net |
The following tables present interest and other income, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income, net | $ | 14,317 | 2.0 | % | $ | 4,365 | 0.7 | % | $ | 9,952 | 228.0 | % | ||||||||||||
Other income, net | 2,580 | 0.4 | 6,952 | 1.0 | (4,372 | ) | (62.9 | ) |
Nine Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
% of Net | % of Net | Increase | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Revenue | Amount | Revenue | (Decrease) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income, net | $ | 32,953 | 1.8 | % | $ | 8,982 | 0.5 | % | $ | 23,971 | 266.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Other income, net | 3,357 | 0.2 | 6,552 | 0.3 | (3,195 | ) | (48.8 | ) |
The increase in interest income, net was the result of an overall increase in our cash and marketable securities balances and an increase in interest rates. Our cash and marketable securities balances increased from $1.105 billion at September 30, 2004 to $1.705 billion at September 30, 2005. The weighted average annualized interest rates earned for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were 3.66% and 1.81%, respectively. The weighted average annualized interest rates earned for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were 3.19% and 1.48%, respectively.
Provision for Income Taxes |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005 we recorded deductible settlement costs of $110 million, which eliminated our projected 2005 domestic income tax expense. We have not recorded a deferred tax benefit for domestic tax losses due to uncertainty as to their future realization. In addition, during the three months ended September 30, 2005 we realized tax benefits from the reversal of certain prior period tax accruals for foreign subsidiaries of $25.9 million due to the expiration of the statute of limitations for the assessment of such taxes, which benefits offset our non-U.S. taxes on certain foreign operations and resulted in net income tax benefits of $21.4 million and $19.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively. This compares with tax provisions of $27.5 million and $63.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in SFAS No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes, or SFAS 109. We record net deferred tax assets in accordance with SFAS 109 to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. Due to our cumulative domestic losses and the full utilization of our loss carrybacks, we provided a full valuation allowance against our domestic net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2005 and 2004 and at December 31, 2004.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004 the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which is a revision of SFAS No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, or SFAS 123. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values and does not allow the previously permitted pro forma disclosure as an alternative to financial statement recognition. SFAS 123R supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion
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No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, and related interpretations and amends SFAS No. 95,Statement of Cash Flows, or SFAS 95. In accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8568, SFAS 123R is currently scheduled to be effective for Broadcom beginning in the first quarter of 2006. SFAS 123R allows for two transition alternatives, the modified prospective method and the retrospective method of recognition of compensation expense related to share-based payments. We are currently evaluating these transition alternatives.
The adoption of the SFAS 123R fair value method will have a significant impact on our reported results of operations, although it will have no impact on our overall financial position. The impact of our adoption of SFAS 123R cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend in part on the fair value and number of share-based payments granted in the future. However, had we adopted SFAS 123R in prior periods, the magnitude of the impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of SFAS 123 assuming the application of the Black-Scholes model as described in the disclosure of pro forma net loss and pro forma net loss per share in Note 1 of our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required under current literature. This requirement may reduce net operating cash flows and increase net financing cash flows in periods after its adoption. While we cannot estimate what those amounts will be in the future, the amount of operating cash flows recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 related to such excess tax deductions was $57.1 million. There were no comparable amounts recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Working Capital and Cash and Marketable Securities on Hand. The following table presents working capital and cash and marketable securities on hand:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Increase | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Working capital | $ | 1,456,959 | $ | 1,087,342 | $ | 369,617 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents(1) | $ | 1,135,121 | $ | 858,592 | $ | 276,529 | ||||||
Short-term marketable securities(1) | 424,320 | 324,041 | 100,279 | |||||||||
Long-term marketable securities | 145,897 | 92,918 | 52,979 | |||||||||
$ | 1,705,338 | $ | 1,275,551 | $ | 429,787 | |||||||
(1) | Included in working capital. |
Our working capital increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 primarily related to cash provided by operations and cash proceeds from issuances of common stock in connection with the exercise of employee stock options, offset in part by cash paid for the purchase of long-term marketable securities, acquisitions, property and equipment and repurchases of our Class A common stock.
Cash Provided and Used in the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Cash and cash equivalents increased to $1.135 billion at September 30, 2005 from $858.6 million at December 31, 2004 as a result of cash provided by operating and financing activities, offset in part by cash used in investing activities.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2005 our operating activities provided $313.0 million in cash. This was primarily the result of $216.9 in net income and $134.7 million in net non-cash operating expenses, offset by $38.6 million in net cash used in changes in net operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash items included in net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, amortization of purchased intangible assets, IPR&D and net gain on strategic investments. In the nine months ended September 30, 2004 our operating
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activities provided $349.5 million in cash. This was primarily the result of $147.6 million in net income and $269.0 million in net non-cash operating expenses, offset by $67.1 million of net cash used in changes in net operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash items included in net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, amortization of purchased intangible assets, IPR&D, impairment of intangible assets and tax benefit from stock plans.
Accounts receivable increased $70.3 million to $275.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase in accounts receivable was primarily the result of the $155.6 million increase in net revenue in the third quarter of 2005 to $695.0 million, as compared with $539.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2004. We typically bill customers on an open account basis subject to our standard net thirty day payment terms. If, in the longer term, our revenue continues to increase as it has in the most recent past, it is likely that our accounts receivable balance will also increase. Our accounts receivable could also increase if customers delay their payments or if we grant extended payment terms to customers.
Inventories increased $35.0 million to $163.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 primarily due to an expansion of our inventory in response to higher levels of purchase orders received from our customers. In the future, our inventory levels will continue to be determined based on the level of purchase orders received as well as the stage at which our products are in their respective product life cycles and competitive situations in the marketplace. Such considerations are balanced against the risk of obsolescence or potentially excess inventory levels.
Investing activities used $254.8 million in cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Such activities included $153.3 million used in the net purchase of marketable securities, $78.1 million of net cash paid in purchase transactions, and the purchase of $25.2 million of capital equipment to support operations, offset by $1.8 million in net proceeds received from the sale of strategic investments. Investing activities used $344.5 million in cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Such activities included $241.8 million used in the net purchase of marketable securities, $74.8 million net cash paid in purchase transactions, the purchase of $30.9 million of capital equipment to support operations, and the purchase of strategic investments in the amount of $2.2 million offset by $5.2 million in net proceeds received from the sale of strategic investments.
Our financing activities provided $218.4 million in cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. We generated $314.7 million in net proceeds from issuances of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and common stock purchases through our employee stock purchase plan, which was offset in part by $95.9 million in repurchases of our Class A common stock and a $2.5 million payment on debt assumed in connection with an acquisition. Financing activities provided $215.8 million in cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, of which $215.1 million was derived from net proceeds received from issuances of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and common stock purchases through our employee stock purchase plan.
Due to the increase in the price of our Class A common stock, a greater number of stock options have been exercised by employees and we received more proceeds from the exercise of stock options in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 than was the case in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The timing and number of stock option exercises and the amount of cash proceeds we receive through those exercises are not within our control, and in the future we may not generate as much cash from the exercise of stock options as we have in the past. Moreover, we have started to issue a combination of restricted stock units and stock options to employees, which will reduce future growth in the number of stock options available for exercise. Unlike the exercise of stock options, the issuance of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units will not result in any cash proceeds to Broadcom and will require the use of cash, as we have determined to allow employees to elect to have a portion of their shares issuable during 2005 and 2006 withheld to satisfy withholding taxes and to make corresponding cash payments to the appropriate tax authorities on each employee’s behalf.
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In February 2005 our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase shares of our Class A common stock. The Board approved the repurchase of shares having an aggregate value of up to $250 million from time to time over a period of one year, depending on market conditions. At September 30, 2005 approximately $154.1 million remained available to repurchase shares under the existing authorized program.
Obligations and Commitments. The following table summarizes our contractual payment obligations and commitments as of September 30, 2005:
Payment Obligations by Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases | $ | 19,203 | $ | 100,005 | $ | 85,435 | $ | 63,291 | $ | 40,410 | $ | 167,092 | $ | 475,436 | ||||||||||||||
Inventory and related purchase obligations | 229,714 | 2,057 | — | — | — | — | 231,771 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other purchase obligations | 35,028 | 6,715 | 194 | 9 | — | — | 41,946 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring liabilities | 2,705 | 7,848 | 3,591 | 1,719 | 1,718 | 859 | 18,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued settlement payments | 126 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | — | — | 6,126 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 286,776 | $ | 118,625 | $ | 91,220 | $ | 67,019 | $ | 42,128 | $ | 167,951 | $ | 773,719 | ||||||||||||||
We lease our facilities and certain engineering design tools and information systems equipment under operating lease agreements that expire at various dates through 2017. In December 2004 we entered into a lease agreement under which our corporate headquarters will move from its present location to new facilities in Irvine, California with an aggregate of approximately 0.7 million square feet. The lease term is a period of ten years and two months beginning after the completion of the first two buildings and related tenant improvements, which is anticipated to occur in the first quarter of 2007. The aggregate rent for the term of the lease, approximately $183.0 million, is included in the table above.
Inventory and related purchase obligations represent purchase commitments for silicon wafers and assembly and test services. We depend upon third party subcontractors to manufacture our silicon wafers and provide assembly and test services. Due to lengthy subcontractor lead times, we must order these materials and services from subcontractors well in advance. We expect to receive and pay for these materials and services within the next six months. Our subcontractor relationships typically allow for the cancellation of outstanding purchase orders, but require repayment of all expenses incurred through the date of cancellation.
Other purchase obligations represent purchase commitments for lab test equipment, computer hardware, information systems infrastructure and other purchase commitments made in the ordinary course of business.
Our restructuring liabilities represent estimated future lease and operating costs from restructured facilities, less offsetting sublease income, if any. These costs will be paid over the respective lease terms through 2010. These amounts are included in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Settlement payments represent payments to be made in connection with certain settlement and license agreements entered into in 2004 and 2005. These amounts are included in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
For purposes of the table above, obligations for the purchase of goods or services are defined as agreements that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. Our purchase orders are based on our current manufacturing needs and are typically fulfilled by our vendors within a relatively short time horizon. We have additional purchase orders
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(not included in the table above) that represent authorizations to purchase rather than binding agreements. We do not have significant agreements for the purchase of inventories or other goods specifying minimum quantities or set prices that exceed our expected requirements.
Prospective Capital Needs. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, together with cash generated from operations and from the exercise of employee stock options and the purchase of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan, will be sufficient to cover our working capital needs, capital expenditures, investment requirements, commitments and repurchases of our Class A common stock for at least the next 12 months. However, it is possible that we may need to raise additional funds to finance our activities beyond the next 12 months or to consummate acquisitions of other businesses, assets, products or technologies. We could raise such funds by selling equity or debt securities to the public or to selected investors, or by borrowing money from financial institutions. In addition, even though we may not need additional funds, we may still elect to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain credit facilities for other reasons. We have in effect a universal shelf registration statement on SEC Form S-3 that allows us to sell, in one or more public offerings, shares of our Class A common stock, shares of preferred stock or debt securities, or any combination of such securities, for proceeds in an aggregate amount of up to $750 million. However, we have not issued nor do we have immediate plans to issue securities under the universal shelf registration statement. If we elect to raise additional funds, we may not be able to obtain such funds on a timely basis on acceptable terms, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing additional equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership percentages of existing shareholders would be reduced. In addition, the equity or debt securities that we issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock.
Although we believe that we have sufficient capital to fund our activities for at least the next 12 months, our future capital requirements may vary materially from those now planned. We anticipate that the amount of capital we will need in the future will depend on many factors, including:
• | the overall levels of sales of our products and gross profit margins; | |
• | our business, product, capital expenditure and research and development plans, and product and technology roadmaps; | |
• | the market acceptance of our products; | |
• | repurchases of our Class A common stock; | |
• | litigation expenses, settlements and judgments; | |
• | volume price discounts and customer rebates; | |
• | the levels of inventory and accounts receivable that we maintain; | |
• | changes in our compensation policies; | |
• | issuance of restricted stock units and the related payments in cash for withholding taxes due from employees during 2005 and 2006 and possibly during future years; | |
• | capital improvements for new and existing facilities; | |
• | technological advances; | |
• | our competitors’ responses to our products; | |
• | our relationships with suppliers and customers; | |
• | the availability of sufficient foundry, assembly and test capacity and packaging materials; | |
• | the levels of promotion and advertising that will be required to launch our new products and achieve and maintain a competitive position in the marketplace; | |
• | expenses related to our restructuring plans; |
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• | the exercise of stock options and stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan; and | |
�� | general economic conditions and specific conditions in the semiconductor industry and the broadband communications markets, including the effects of recent international conflicts and related uncertainties. |
In addition, we may require additional capital to accommodate planned future growth, hiring, infrastructure and facility needs or to consummate acquisitions of other businesses, assets, products or technologies.
RISK FACTORS
Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere, and the other information contained, in this Report and in our other filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. If any of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties actually occurs with material adverse effects on Broadcom, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be seriously harmed. In that event, the market price for our Class A common stock will likely decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly. As a result, we may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts and investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Our quarterly net revenue and operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and are likely to continue to vary from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are not within our control. If our operating results do not meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, the market price of our Class A common stock will likely decline. Fluctuations in our operating results may be due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, those listed below and those identified throughout this “Risk Factors” section:
• | changes in accounting rules, such as the change requiring the recording of expenses for employee stock options and other stock-based compensation expense that is currently expected to go into effect for Broadcom in the first quarter of 2006; | |
• | the overall cyclicality of, and changing economic and market conditions in, the semiconductor industry and broadband communications markets; | |
• | our ability to scale our operations in response to changes in demand for our existing products and services or demand for new products requested by our customers; | |
• | intellectual property disputes, customer indemnification claims and other types of litigation risks; | |
• | our ability to specify, develop or acquire, complete, introduce, market and transition to volume production new products and technologies in a cost-effective and timely manner; | |
• | the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of significant customer orders and our ability, as well as the ability of our customers, to manage inventory; | |
• | the gain or loss of a key customer, design win or order; | |
• | our ability to retain, recruit and hire key executives, technical personnel and other employees in the positions and numbers, with the experience and capabilities, and at the compensation levels that we need to implement our business and product plans; | |
• | the rate at which our present and future customers and end users adopt our technologies and products in our target markets; |
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• | the availability and pricing of third party semiconductor foundry, assembly and test capacity and raw materials; | |
• | our ability to timely and accurately predict market requirements and evolving industry standards and to identify and capitalize upon opportunities in new markets; | |
• | competitive pressures and other factors such as the qualification, availability and pricing of competing products and technologies and the resulting effects on sales and pricing of our products; | |
• | changes in our product or customer mix; | |
• | the volume of our product sales and pricing concessions on volume sales; and | |
• | the effects of public health emergencies, natural disasters, terrorist activities, international conflicts and other events beyond our control. |
We expect new product lines to continue to account for a high percentage of our future sales. Some of these markets are immature and/or unpredictable or are new markets for Broadcom, and we cannot assure you that these markets will develop into significant opportunities or that we will continue to derive significant revenue from these markets. Based on the limited amount of historical data available to us, it is difficult to anticipate our future revenue streams from, and the sustainability of, such newer markets.
Additionally, as an increasing number of our chips are being incorporated into consumer products, such as desktop and notebook computers, cellphones and other mobile communication devices, other wireless-enabled consumer electronics, and satellite and digital cable set-top boxes, we anticipate greater seasonality in the demand for our products, which may result in larger fluctuations in our quarterly operating results.
Due to all of the foregoing factors, and the other risks discussed in this Report, you should not rely on quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results as an indicator of future performance.
Changes in the accounting treatment of stock-based awards will adversely affect our reported results of operations.
In December 2004 the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which is a revision of SFAS 123. SFAS 123R is currently expected to be effective for Broadcom beginning in the first quarter of 2006. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values and does not permit pro forma disclosure as an alternative to financial statement recognition. The adoption of the SFAS 123R fair value method will have a significant adverse impact on our reported results of operations because the stock-based compensation expense will be charged directly against our reported earnings. The impact of our adoption of SFAS 123R cannot be predicted at this time because that will depend in part on the future fair values and number of share-based payments granted in the future. However, had we adopted SFAS 123R in prior periods, the magnitude of the impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of SFAS 123 assuming the application of the Black-Scholes model as described in the disclosure of pro forma net loss and pro forma net loss per share in Note 1 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS 123R also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required under current literature. This requirement may reduce net operating cash flows and increase net financing cash flows in periods after its adoption.
Our operating results may be adversely impacted by worldwide political and economic uncertainties and specific conditions in the markets we address, including the cyclical nature of and volatility in the semiconductor industry. As a result, the market price of our Class A common stock may decline.
We operate primarily in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical and subject to rapid change and evolving industry standards. From time to time, the semiconductor industry has experienced significant downturns. These downturns are characterized by decreases in product demand, excess customer inventories, and accelerated erosion of prices. These factors could cause substantial fluctuations in our
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revenue and in our results of operations. Any downturns in the semiconductor industry may be severe and prolonged, and any failure of the industry or the broadband communications markets to fully recover from downturns could seriously impact our revenue and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The semiconductor industry also periodically experiences increased demand and production capacity constraints, which may affect our ability to ship products. Accordingly, our operating results may vary significantly as a result of the general conditions in the semiconductor industry, which could cause large fluctuations in our stock price.
Additionally, in the last three years, general worldwide economic conditions have experienced a downturn due to slower economic activity, concerns about inflation and deflation, increased energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, adverse business conditions and liquidity concerns in the telecommunications and broadband communications markets, the ongoing effects of the war in Iraq, recent international conflicts and terrorist and military activity, and the impact of natural disasters and public health emergencies. These conditions make it extremely difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities, and they could cause U.S. and foreign businesses to slow spending on our products and services, which would delay and lengthen sales cycles. We experienced a slowdown in orders and a reduction in net revenue in the fourth quarter of 2004 that we believe was attributable in substantial part to excess inventory held by certain of our customers, and we may experience a similar slowdown in the future. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic recovery, worldwide, or in the broadband communications markets. If the economy or the broadband communications markets in which we operate do not continue at their present levels, our business, financial condition and results of operations will likely be materially and adversely affected.
If we fail to scale our operations in response to changes in demand for our existing products and services or to the demand for new products requested by our customers, we may be unable to meet competitive challenges or exploit potential market opportunities, and our business could be materially and adversely affected.
To achieve our business objectives, we anticipate that we will need to continue to expand. We have experienced a period of rapid growth and expansion in the past. Through internal growth and acquisitions, we significantly increased the scope of our operations and expanded our workforce, from 2,580 employees, including contractors, as of December 31, 2002 to 4,002 employees, including contractors, as of September 30, 2005. Nonetheless, we may not be able to expand our workforce and operations in a sufficiently timely manner to respond effectively to changes in demand for our existing products and services or to the demand for new products requested by our customers. In that event, we may be unable to meet competitive challenges or exploit potential market opportunities, and our current or future business could be materially and adversely affected.
Our past growth has placed, and any future growth is expected to continue to place, a significant strain on our management personnel, systems and resources. To implement our current business and product plans, we will need to continue to expand, train, manage and motivate our workforce. All of these endeavors will require substantial management effort. Although we have implemented a new enterprise resource planning, or ERP, system to help us improve our planning and management processes and a new human resources management, or HRM, system, we anticipate that we will also need to continue to implement a variety of new and upgraded operational and financial systems, as well as additional procedures and other internal management systems. In addition, to support our growth we recently signed a lease agreement under which we will relocate our headquarters and Irvine operations to new, larger facilities that will enable us to centralize all of our Irvine employees and operations on one campus. This relocation is currently anticipated to begin in the first quarter of 2007. We may also engage in other relocations of our employees or operations from time to time. Such relocations could result in temporary disruptions of our operations or a diversion of our management’s attention and resources. If we are unable to effectively manage our expanding operations, we may be unable to scale our business quickly enough to
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meet competitive challenges or exploit potential market opportunities, and our current or future business could be materially and adversely affected.
Intellectual property risks and third party claims of infringement, misappropriation of proprietary rights or other claims against us could adversely affect our ability to market our products, require us to redesign our products or seek licenses from third parties, and seriously harm our operating results. In addition, the defense of such claims could result in significant costs and divert the attention of our management or other key employees.
Companies in and related to the semiconductor industry often aggressively protect and pursue their intellectual property rights. There are often intellectual property risks associated with developing and producing new products and entering new markets, and we may not be able to obtain, at reasonable cost and upon commercially reasonable terms, licenses to intellectual property of others that is alleged to read on such new or existing products. From time to time, we have received, and may continue to receive, notices that claim we have infringed upon, misappropriated or misused other parties’ proprietary rights. Moreover, in the past we have been and we currently are engaged in litigation with parties that claim that we infringed their patents or misappropriated or misused their trade secrets. In addition, we or our customers may be sued by other parties that claim that our products have infringed their patents or misappropriated or misused their trade secrets, or which may seek to invalidate one or more of our patents. An adverse determination in any of these types of disputes could prevent us from manufacturing or selling some of our products, limit or restrict the type of work that employees involved in such litigation may perform for Broadcom, increase our costs of revenue and expose us to significant liability. Any of these claims may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, in a patent or trade secret action, a court could issue a preliminary or permanent injunction that would require us to withdraw or recall certain products from the market, redesign certain products offered for sale or under development, or restrict employees from performing work in their areas of expertise. In addition, we may be liable for damages for past infringement and royalties for future use of the technology, and we may be liable for treble damages if infringement is found to have been willful. We may also have to indemnify some customers and strategic partners under our agreements with such parties if a third party alleges or if a court finds that our products or activities have infringed upon, misappropriated or misused another party’s proprietary rights. We have received requests from certain customers and strategic partners to include increasingly broad indemnification provisions in our agreements with them. These indemnification provisions may, in some circumstances, extend our liability beyond the products we provide to include liability for combinations of components or system level designs and consequential damages and/or lost profits. Even if claims against us are not valid or successfully asserted, these claims could result in significant costs and a diversion of the attention of management and other key employees to defend. Additionally, we have sought and may in the future seek to obtain a license under a third party’s intellectual property rights and have granted and may in the future grant a license to certain of our intellectual property rights to a third party in connection with a cross-license agreement or a settlement of claims or actions asserted against us. However, we may not be able to obtain such a license on commercially reasonable terms, if we are able to obtain one at all.
Our products may contain technology provided to us by other parties including customers. We may have little or no ability to determine in advance whether such technology infringes the intellectual property rights of a third party. Our suppliers and licensors may not be required to indemnify us in the event that a claim of infringement is asserted against us, or they may be required to indemnify us only up to a maximum amount, above which we would be responsible for any further costs or damages.
We may not be able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, which could harm our competitive position.
Our success and future revenue growth will depend, in part, on our ability to protect our intellectual property. We primarily rely on patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as nondisclosure agreements and other methods, to protect our proprietary technologies and processes. Despite our efforts to
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protect our proprietary technologies and processes, it is possible that competitors or other unauthorized third parties may obtain, copy, use or disclose our technologies and processes. We hold more than 1,100 U.S. patents and have filed more than 3,300 additional U.S. patent applications. However, we cannot assure you that any additional patents will be issued. Even if a new patent is issued, the claims allowed may not be sufficiently broad to protect our technology. In addition, any of our existing or future patents may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. As such, any rights granted under these patents may not provide us with meaningful protection. We may not have foreign patents or pending applications corresponding to our U.S. patents and applications. Even if foreign patents are granted, effective enforcement in foreign countries may not be available. If our patents do not adequately protect our technology, our competitors may be able to offer products similar to ours. Our competitors may also be able to develop similar technology independently or design around our patents. Some or all of our patents have in the past been licensed and likely will in the future be licensed to certain of our competitors through cross-license agreements. Moreover, because we have participated in developing various industry standards, we may be required to license some of our patents to others, including competitors, who develop products based on those standards.
Certain of our software (as well as that of our customers) may be derived from so-called “open source” software that is generally made available to the public by its authors and/or other third parties. Such open source software is often made available to us under licenses, such as the GNU General Public License, or GPL, which impose certain obligations on us in the event we were to distribute derivative works of the open source software. These obligations may require us to make source code for the derivative works available to the public, and/or license such derivative works under a particular type of license, rather than the forms of license customarily used to protect our intellectual property. In addition, there is little or no legal precedent for interpreting the terms of certain of these open source licenses, including the determination of which works are subject to the terms of such licenses. While we believe we have complied with our obligations under the various applicable licenses for open source software, in the event the copyright holder of any open source software were to successfully establish in court that we had not complied with the terms of a license for a particular work, we could be required to release the source code of that work to the public and/or stop distribution of that work. With respect to our proprietary software, we generally license such software under terms that prohibit combining it with open source software as described above. Despite these restrictions, parties may combine Broadcom proprietary software with open source software without our authorization, in which case we might nonetheless be required to release the source code of our proprietary software.
We generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants and strategic partners. We also try to control access to and distribution of our technologies, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these efforts, internal or external parties may attempt to copy, disclose, obtain or use our products, services or technology without our authorization. Also, former employees may seek employment with our business partners, customers or competitors, and we cannot assure you that the confidential nature of our proprietary information will be maintained in the course of such future employment. Additionally, current, departing or former employees or third parties could attempt to penetrate our computer systems and networks to misappropriate our proprietary information and technology or interrupt our business. Because the techniques used by computer hackers and others to access or sabotage networks change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate, counter or ameliorate these techniques. As a result, our technologies and processes may be misappropriated, particularly in countries where laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.
In addition, some of our customers have entered into agreements with us that grant them the right to use our proprietary technology if we ever fail to fulfill our obligations, including product supply obligations, under those agreements, and if we do not correct the failure within a specified time period. Moreover, we often incorporate the intellectual property of strategic customers into our own designs, and have certain obligations not to use or disclose their intellectual property without their authorization.
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We cannot assure you that our efforts to prevent the misappropriation or infringement of our intellectual property or the intellectual property of our customers will succeed. We have in the past been and currently are engaged in litigation to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets, or determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, including our customers. Such litigation (and the settlement thereof) has been and will likely continue to be very expensive and time consuming. Additionally, any litigation can divert the attention of management and other key employees from the operation of the business, which could negatively impact our business and results of operations.
If we are unable to develop and introduce new products successfully and in a cost-effective and timely manner or to achieve market acceptance of our new products, our operating results would be adversely affected.
Our future success is dependent upon our ability to develop new semiconductor solutions for existing and new markets, introduce these products in a cost-effective and timely manner, and convince leading equipment manufacturers to select these products for design into their own new products. Our historical quarterly results have been, and we expect that our future results will continue to be, dependent on the introduction of a relatively small number of new products and the timely completion and delivery of those products to customers. The development of new silicon devices is highly complex, and from time to time we have experienced delays in completing the development and introduction of new products and lower than anticipated manufacturing yields in the early production of such products. If we were to experience any similar delays in the successful completion of a new product or similar reductions in our manufacturing yields for a new product in the future, our customer relationships, reputation and business could be seriously harmed.
Our ability to develop and deliver new products successfully will depend on various factors, including our ability to:
• | timely and accurately predict market requirements and evolving industry standards; | |
• | accurately define new products; | |
• | timely and effectively identify and capitalize upon opportunities in new markets; | |
• | timely complete and introduce new product designs; | |
• | scale our operations in response to changes in demand for our products and services or the demand for new products requested by our customers; | |
• | license any desired third party technology or intellectual property rights; | |
• | timely qualify and obtain industry interoperability certification of our products and the products of our customers into which our products will be incorporated; | |
• | obtain sufficient foundry capacity and packaging materials; | |
• | achieve high manufacturing yields; | |
• | shift our products to smaller geometry process technologies to achieve lower cost and higher levels of design integration; and | |
• | gain market acceptance of our products and our customers’ products. |
In some of our businesses, our ability to develop and deliver next-generation products successfully and in a timely manner may depend in part on access to information, or licenses of technology or intellectual property rights, from companies that are our competitors. We cannot assure you that such information or licenses will be made available to us on a timely basis, if at all, or at reasonable cost and on commercially reasonable terms.
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If we are not able to develop and introduce new products successfully and in a cost-effective and timely manner, we will be unable to attract new customers or to retain our existing customers, as these customers may transition to other companies that can meet their product development needs, which would materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
We must keep pace with rapid technological change and evolving industry standards in the semiconductor industry and broadband communications markets to remain competitive.
Our future success will depend on our ability to anticipate and adapt to changes in technology and industry standards and our customers’ changing demands. We sell products in markets that are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, frequent new product introductions, short product life cycles and increasing demand for higher levels of integration and smaller process geometries. Our past sales and profitability have resulted, to a large extent, from our ability to anticipate changes in technology and industry standards and to develop and introduce new and enhanced products incorporating the new standards and technologies. Our ability to adapt to these changes and to anticipate future standards, and the rate of adoption and acceptance of those standards, will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and prospects for growth. If new industry standards emerge, our products or our customers’ products could become unmarketable or obsolete, and we could lose market share. We may also have to incur substantial unanticipated costs to comply with these new standards. In addition, our target markets continue to undergo rapid growth and consolidation. A significant slowdown in any of these broadband communications markets could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our success will also depend on the ability of our customers to develop new products and enhance existing products for the broadband communications markets and to introduce and promote those products successfully. These rapid technological changes and evolving industry standards make it difficult to formulate a long-term growth strategy because the semiconductor industry and broadband communications markets may not continue to develop to the extent or in the time periods that we anticipate. We have invested substantial resources in emerging technologies that did not achieve the market acceptance that we had expected. If new markets do not develop as we anticipate, or if our products do not gain widespread acceptance in these markets, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We are subject to order and shipment uncertainties, and if we are unable to accurately predict customer demand, we may hold excess or obsolete inventory, which would reduce our profit margin, or, conversely, we may have insufficient inventory, which would result in lost revenue opportunities and potentially in loss of market share and damaged customer relationships.
We typically sell products pursuant to purchase orders rather than long-term purchase commitments. Customers can generally cancel or defer purchase orders on short notice without incurring a significant penalty. In the recent past, some of our customers have developed excess inventories of their own products and have, as a consequence, deferred purchase orders for our products. We currently do not have the ability to accurately predict what or how many products our customers will need in the future. Anticipating demand is difficult because our customers face volatile pricing and unpredictable demand for their own products, are increasingly focused more on cash preservation and tighter inventory management, and may be involved in legal proceedings that could affect their ability to buy our products. We place orders with our suppliers based on forecasts of customer demand and, in some instances, may establish buffer inventories to accommodate anticipated demand. Our forecasts are based on multiple assumptions, each of which may introduce error into our estimates. If we overestimate customer demand, we may allocate resources to manufacturing products that we may not be able to sell when we expect to, or at all. As a result, we would hold excess or obsolete inventory, which would reduce our profit margins and adversely affect our financial results. Conversely, if we underestimate customer demand or if insufficient manufacturing capacity is available, we would forego revenue opportunities and potentially lose market share and damage our customer relationships. In addition, any future significant cancellations or deferrals of product orders or the return of previously sold products could materially and adversely affect our profit margins, increase product obsolescence and restrict our ability to fund our operations. Furthermore, we
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generally recognize revenue upon shipment of products to a customer. If a customer refuses to accept shipped products or does not timely pay for these products, we could incur significant charges against our income. We have also recently entered into consigned or customer managed inventory arrangements with certain of our customers, although we have not shipped a significant amount of product under those arrangements as of September 30, 2005. Pursuant to these arrangements we deliver products to a warehouse of the customer or a designated third party based upon the customer’s projected needs, but do not recognize product revenue unless and until the customer reports that it has removed our product from the warehouse to incorporate into its end products. If a customer does not take product under such an arrangement in accordance with the schedule it originally provided us, our predicted future revenue stream could vary substantially from our forecasts and our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We may be unable to attract, retain or motivate key senior management and technical personnel, which could seriously harm our business.
In January 2005 Scott A. McGregor joined Broadcom as President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. McGregor succeeded Alan E. Ross, who retired from these positions upon Mr. McGregor’s arrival but remains a member of the Board of Directors. The integration of Mr. McGregor into our business and operations, and any adjustments or changes that may be implemented by Mr. McGregor, may require the substantial attention of our Board of Directors and senior management personnel.
Our future success also depends to a significant extent upon the continued service of other key senior management personnel, including our co-founder, Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, Henry Samueli, Ph.D., and other senior executives. We do not have employment agreements with these executives, or any other key employees, that govern the length of their service, although we do have limited retention arrangements in place with certain executives. The loss of the services of Dr. Samueli or certain other key senior management or technical personnel could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For instance, if any of these individuals were to leave our company unexpectedly, we could face substantial difficulty in hiring qualified successors and could experience a loss in productivity during the search for and while any such successor is integrated into our business and operations.
Furthermore, our future success depends on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate senior management and qualified technical personnel, particularly software engineers, digital circuit designers, RF and mixed-signal circuit designers and systems applications engineers. Competition for these employees is intense. If we are unable to attract, retain and motivate such personnel in sufficient numbers and on a timely basis, we will experience difficulty in implementing our current business and product plans. In that event, we may be unable to successfully meet competitive challenges or to exploit potential market opportunities, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Stock options generally comprise a significant portion of our compensation packages for all employees. In April and May 2003 we conducted a stock option exchange offer to address the substantial decline in the price of our Class A common stock over the preceding two years and to improve our ability to retain key employees. However, we cannot be certain that we will be able to continue to attract, retain and motivate employees if our Class A common stock experiences another substantial price decline.
We have also modified our compensation policies by increasing cash compensation to certain employees and instituting awards of restricted stock units, while simultaneously reducing awards of stock options. This modification of our compensation policies and the applicability of the SFAS 123R requirement to expense the fair value of stock options awarded to employees beginning in the first quarter of 2006 will increase our operating expenses. We cannot be certain that the changes in our compensation policies will improve our ability to attract, retain and motivate employees. Our inability to attract and retain additional key employees and the increase in stock-based compensation expense could each have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Because we depend on a few significant customers for a substantial portion of our revenue, the loss of a key customer could seriously impact our revenue and harm our business. In addition, if we are unable to continue to sell existing and new products to our key customers in significant quantities or to attract new significant customers, our future operating results could be adversely affected.
We have derived a substantial portion of our past revenue from sales to a relatively small number of customers. As a result, the loss of any significant customer could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Sales to our five largest customers, including sales to their manufacturing subcontractors, represented approximately 45.3% and 50.5% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and 46.1% and 51.5% of our net revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We expect that our largest customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of our net revenue in 2005 and for the foreseeable future. The identities of our largest customers and their respective contributions to our net revenue have varied and will likely continue to vary from period to period.
We may not be able to maintain or increase sales to certain of our key customers for a variety of reasons, including the following:
• | most of our customers can stop incorporating our products into their own products with limited notice to us and suffer little or no penalty; | |
• | our agreements with our customers typically do not require them to purchase a minimum quantity of our products; | |
• | many of our customers have pre-existing or concurrent relationships with our current or potential competitors that may affect the customers’ decisions to purchase our products; | |
• | our customers face intense competition from other manufacturers that do not use our products; and | |
• | some of our customers offer or may offer products that compete with our products. |
In addition, our longstanding relationships with some larger customers may also deter other potential customers who compete with these customers from buying our products. To attract new customers or retain existing customers, we may offer certain customers favorable prices on our products. We may have to offer the same lower prices to certain of our customers who have contractual “most favored nation” pricing arrangements. In that event, our average selling prices and gross margins would decline. The loss of a key customer, a reduction in sales to any key customer or our inability to attract new significant customers could seriously impact our revenue and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
Our future success depends in significant part on strategic relationships with certain customers. If we cannot maintain these relationships or if these customers develop their own solutions or adopt a competitor’s solutions instead of buying our products, our operating results would be adversely affected.
In the past, we have relied in significant part on our strategic relationships with customers that are technology leaders in our target markets. We intend to pursue the formation of these strategic relationships but we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so. These relationships often require us to develop new products that may involve significant technological challenges. Our customers frequently place considerable pressure on us to meet their tight development schedules. Accordingly, we may have to devote a substantial amount of our limited resources to our strategic relationships, which could detract from or delay our completion of other important development projects. Delays in development could impair our relationships with our strategic customers and negatively impact sales of the products under development. Moreover, it is possible that our customers may develop their own solutions or adopt a competitor’s solution for products that they currently buy from us. If that happens, our sales would decline and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
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We will have difficulty selling our products if customers do not design our products into their product offerings or if our customers’ product offerings are not commercially successful.
Our products are generally incorporated into our customers’ products at the design stage. As a result, we rely on equipment manufacturers to select our products to be designed into their products. Without these “design wins,” it becomes difficult to sell our products. We often incur significant expenditures on the development of a new product without any assurance that an equipment manufacturer will select our product for design into its own product. Additionally, in some instances, we are dependent on third parties to obtain or provide information that we need to achieve a design win. Some of these third parties may be our competitors and, accordingly, may not supply this information to us on a timely basis, if at all. Once an equipment manufacturer designs a competitor’s product into its product offering, it becomes significantly more difficult for us to sell our products to that customer because changing suppliers involves significant cost, time, effort and risk for the customer. Furthermore, even if an equipment manufacturer designs one of our products into its product offering, we cannot be assured that its product will be commercially successful or that we will receive any revenue from that product. Sales of our products largely depend on the commercial success of our customers’ products. Our customers are typically not obligated to purchase our products and can choose at any time to stop using our products if their own products are not commercially successful or for any other reason. We cannot assure you that we will continue to achieve design wins or that our customers’ equipment incorporating our products will ever be commercially successful.
The complexity of our products could result in unforeseen delays or expenses and in undetected defects or bugs, which could damage our reputation with current or prospective customers, result in significant costs and claims, and adversely affect the market acceptance of new products.
Highly complex products such as the products that we offer frequently contain defects and bugs when they are first introduced or as new versions are released. We have previously experienced, and may in the future experience, these defects and bugs. If any of our products contains defects or bugs, or has reliability, quality or compatibility problems, our reputation may be damaged and customers may be reluctant to buy our products, which could materially and adversely affect our ability to retain existing customers and attract new customers. In addition, these defects or bugs could interrupt or delay sales or shipment of our products to our customers. To alleviate these problems, we may have to invest significant capital and other resources. Although our products are tested by us and our suppliers and customers, it is possible that our new products will contain defects or bugs. If any of these problems are not found until after we have commenced commercial production of a new product, we may be required to incur additional development costs and product recall, repair or field replacement costs. These problems may divert our technical and other resources from other development efforts and could result in claims against us by our customers or others, including possible claims for consequential damages and/or lost profits. In addition, system and handset providers that purchase components may require that we assume liability for defects associated with products produced by their manufacturing subcontractors and require that we provide a warranty for defects or other problems which may arise at the system level. Moreover, we would likely lose, or experience a delay in, market acceptance of the affected product or products, and we could lose credibility with our current and prospective customers.
Our acquisition strategy may be dilutive to existing shareholders, result in unanticipated accounting charges or otherwise adversely affect our results of operations, and result in difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of acquired companies or businesses.
A key element of our business strategy involves expansion through the acquisitions of businesses, assets, products or technologies that allow us to complement our existing product offerings, expand our market coverage, increase our engineering workforce or enhance our technological capabilities. Between January 1, 1999 and September 30, 2005, we acquired 31 companies and certain assets of one other business. We continually evaluate and explore strategic opportunities as they arise, including business
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combination transactions, strategic partnerships, and the purchase or sale of assets, including tangible and intangible assets such as intellectual property. We also continually evaluate the performance and prospects of our various businesses and possible adjustments in our businesses to reflect changes in our assessment of their performance and prospects.
Acquisitions may require significant capital infusions, typically entail many risks, and could result in difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of acquired companies or businesses. We have in the past and may in the future experience delays in the timing and successful integration of an acquired company’s technologies and product development through volume production, unanticipated costs and expenditures, changing relationships with customers, suppliers and strategic partners, or contractual, intellectual property or employment issues. In addition, key personnel of an acquired company may decide not to work for us. The acquisition of another company or its products and technologies may also require us to enter into a geographic or business market in which we have little or no prior experience. These challenges could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and employees, harm our reputation and increase our expenses. These challenges are magnified as the size of the acquisition increases. Furthermore, these challenges would be even greater if we acquired a business or entered into a business combination transaction with a company that was larger and more difficult to integrate than the companies we have historically acquired.
Acquisitions may require large one-time charges and can result in increased debt or contingent liabilities, adverse tax consequences, deferred compensation charges, and the recording and later amortization of amounts related to deferred compensation and certain purchased intangible assets, any of which items could negatively impact our results of operations. In addition, we may record goodwill in connection with an acquisition and incur goodwill impairment charges in the future. Any of these charges could cause the price of our Class A common stock to decline.
Acquisitions or asset purchases made entirely or partially for cash may reduce our cash reserves. Alternatively, we may issue equity or convertible debt securities in connection with an acquisition. We have in effect an acquisition shelf registration statement on SEC Form S-4 that enables us to issue up to 30 million shares of our Class A common stock in one or more acquisition transactions that we may enter into from time to time. Any issuance of equity or convertible debt securities may be dilutive to our existing shareholders. In addition, the equity or debt securities that we may issue could have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock. For example, as a consequence of the prior pooling-of-interests accounting rules, the securities issued in nine of our prior acquisitions were shares of Class B common stock, which have voting rights superior to our publicly traded Class A common stock.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to consummate any pending or future acquisitions or that we will realize any anticipated benefits from these acquisitions. We may not be able to find suitable acquisition opportunities that are available at attractive valuations, if at all. Even if we do find suitable acquisition opportunities, we may not be able to consummate the acquisitions on commercially acceptable terms, and any decline in the price of our Class A common stock may make it significantly more difficult and expensive to initiate or consummate additional acquisitions.
As our international business expands, we are increasingly exposed to various legal, business, political and economic risks associated with our international operations.
We currently obtain substantially all of our manufacturing, assembly and testing services from suppliers located outside the United States. In addition, approximately 26.0% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005 was derived from sales to independent customers outside the United States, excluding foreign subsidiaries or manufacturing subcontractors of customers that are headquartered in the United States. We also frequently ship products to our domestic customers’ international manufacturing divisions and subcontractors. Products shipped to international destinations, primarily in Asia, represented approximately 84.5% of our net revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2005. In 1999 we established an international distribution center in Singapore that includes an engineering design center. We also undertake design and development activities in Belgium, Canada,
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China, France, Greece, India, Israel, the Netherlands, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. In addition, we undertake various sales and marketing activities through regional offices in several other countries. We intend to continue to expand our international business activities and to open other design and operational centers abroad. The ongoing war in Iraq and the lingering effects of terrorist attacks in the United States and abroad, the resulting heightened security and the increasing risk of extended international military conflicts may adversely impact our international sales and could make our international operations more expensive. International operations are subject to many other inherent risks, including but not limited to:
• | political, social and economic instability; | |
• | exposure to different business practices and legal standards, particularly with respect to intellectual property; | |
• | natural disasters and public health emergencies; | |
• | nationalization of business and blocking of cash flows; | |
• | trade and travel restrictions; | |
• | the imposition of governmental controls and restrictions; | |
• | burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws; | |
• | import and export license requirements and restrictions of the United States and each other country in which we operate; | |
• | unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; | |
• | foreign technical standards; | |
• | changes in taxation and tariffs; | |
• | difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; | |
• | fluctuations in currency exchange rates; | |
• | difficulties in collecting receivables from foreign entities or delayed revenue recognition; and | |
• | potentially adverse tax consequences. |
Any of the factors described above may have a material adverse effect on our ability to increase or maintain our foreign sales.
We currently operate under tax holidays and favorable tax incentives in certain foreign jurisdictions. For instance, in Singapore we operate under a tax holiday that reduces our taxes in that country on certain non-investment income. Additionally, our Singapore operations have been granted Development and Expansion Incentive Status and Approved Royalty Incentive Status, which reduce the Singapore taxes we are required to pay on certain foreign income. Such tax holidays and incentives often require us to meet specified employment and investment criteria in such jurisdictions. However, we cannot assure you that we will continue to meet such criteria or enjoy such tax holidays and incentives, or realize any net tax benefits from such tax holidays or incentives. If any of our tax holidays or incentives are terminated, our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
The seasonality of international sales and economic conditions in our primary overseas markets, particularly in Asia, may negatively impact the demand for our products abroad. All of our international sales to date have been denominated in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products less competitive in international markets or require us to assume the risk of denominating certain sales in foreign currencies. We anticipate that these factors will impact our business to a greater degree as we further expand our international business activities.
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We face intense competition in the semiconductor industry and the broadband communications markets, which could reduce our market share in existing markets and affect our entry into new markets.
The semiconductor industry and the broadband communications markets are intensely competitive. We expect competition to continue to increase as industry standards become well known and as other competitors enter our target markets. We currently compete with a number of major domestic and international suppliers of integrated circuits and related applications in our target markets. We also compete with suppliers of system-level and motherboard-level solutions incorporating integrated circuits that are proprietary or sourced from manufacturers other than Broadcom. This competition has resulted and may continue to result in declining average selling prices for some of our products. In all of our target markets we also may face competition from newly established competitors, suppliers of products based on new or emerging technologies, and customers who choose to develop their own semiconductor solutions. We also expect to encounter further consolidation in the markets in which we compete.
Many of our competitors operate their own fabrication facilities and have longer operating histories and presence in key markets, greater name recognition, larger customer bases, and significantly greater financial, sales and marketing, manufacturing, distribution, technical and other resources than we do. These competitors may be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. They may also be able to devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products. In addition, current and potential competitors have established or may establish financial or strategic relationships among themselves or with existing or potential customers, resellers or other third parties. Accordingly, new competitors or alliances among competitors could emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share. Existing or new competitors may also develop technologies that more effectively address our markets with products that offer enhanced features and functionality, lower power requirements, greater levels of integration or lower cost. Increased competition has resulted in and is likely to continue to result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share in certain markets. In some of our businesses, our ability to develop and deliver next-generation products successfully and in a timely fashion depends in part on access to information, or licenses of technology or intellectual property rights, from companies that are our competitors. We cannot assure you that such information or licenses will be made available to us on a timely basis, if at all, or at reasonable cost and on commercially reasonable terms. We cannot assure you that we will be able to continue to compete successfully against current or new competitors. If we do not compete successfully, we may lose market share in our existing markets and our revenues may fail to increase or may decline.
We may experience difficulties in transitioning to smaller geometry process technologies or in achieving higher levels of design integration, which may result in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses.
To remain competitive, we expect to continue to transition our semiconductor products to increasingly smaller line width geometries. This transition requires us to modify the manufacturing processes for our products and to redesign some products as well as standard cells and other integrated circuit designs that we may use in multiple products. We periodically evaluate the benefits, on a product-by-product basis, of migrating to smaller geometry process technologies to reduce our costs. Currently most of our products are manufactured in ..25 micron, .22 micron, .18 micron and ..13 micron geometry processes. In addition, we have begun to migrate some of our products to 90-nanometer and 65-nanometer process technologies. In the past, we have experienced some difficulties in shifting to smaller geometry process technologies or new manufacturing processes, which resulted in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses. We may face similar difficulties, delays and expenses as we continue to transition our products to smaller geometry processes. We are dependent on our relationships with our foundry subcontractors to transition to smaller geometry processes successfully. We cannot assure you that the foundries that we use will be able to effectively manage the transition or that we will be able to maintain our existing foundry relationships or develop new ones. If any of our foundry subcontractors or we experience significant delays in this transition or fail to efficiently implement this transition, we could experience reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses, all of which
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could harm our relationships with our customers and our results of operations. As smaller geometry processes become more prevalent, we expect to continue to integrate greater levels of functionality, as well as customer and third party intellectual property, into our products. However, we may not be able to achieve higher levels of design integration or deliver new integrated products on a timely basis, or at all. Moreover, even if we are able to achieve higher levels of design integration, such integration may have a short-term adverse impact on our operating results, as we may reduce our revenue by integrating the functionality of multiple chips into a single chip.
We depend on third-party subcontractors to assemble, obtain packaging materials for, and test substantially all of our current products. If we lose the services of any of our subcontractors or if these subcontractors are unable to obtain sufficient packaging materials, shipments of our products may be disrupted, which could harm our customer relationships and adversely affect our net sales.
We do not own or operate an assembly or test facility. Seven third-party subcontractors located in Asia assemble, obtain packaging materials for, and test substantially all of our current products. Because we rely on third-party subcontractors to perform these functions, we cannot directly control our product delivery schedules and quality assurance. This lack of control has resulted, and could in the future result, in product shortages or quality assurance problems that could delay shipments of our products or increase our manufacturing, assembly or testing costs.
In the recent past we and others in our industry experienced a shortage in the supply of packaging substrates that we use for our products. If our third-party subcontractors are unable to obtain sufficient packaging materials for our products in a timely manner, we may experience a significant product shortage or delay in product shipments, which could seriously harm our customer relationships and materially and adversely affect our net sales.
We do not have long-term agreements with any of our assembly or test subcontractors and typically procure services from these suppliers on a per order basis. If any of these subcontractors experiences capacity constraints or financial difficulties, suffers any damage to its facilities, experiences power outages or any other disruption of assembly or testing capacity, we may not be able to obtain alternative assembly and testing services in a timely manner. Due to the amount of time that it usually takes us to qualify assemblers and testers, we could experience significant delays in product shipments if we are required to find alternative assemblers or testers for our components. Any problems that we may encounter with the delivery, quality or cost of our products could damage our customer relationships and materially and adversely affect our results of operations. We are continuing to develop relationships with additional third-party subcontractors to assemble and test our products. However, even if we use these new subcontractors, we will continue to be subject to all of the risks described above.
We depend on six independent foundry subcontractors to manufacture substantially all of our current products, and any failure to secure and maintain sufficient foundry capacity could materially and adversely affect our business.
We do not own or operate a fabrication facility. Six third-party foundry subcontractors located in Asia manufacture substantially all of our semiconductor devices in current production. Availability of foundry capacity has at times in the past been reduced due to strong demand. In addition, a recurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, or the occurrence of a significant outbreak of avian influenza among humans or another public health emergency in Asia could further affect the production capabilities of our manufacturers by resulting in quarantines or closures. If we are unable to secure sufficient capacity at our existing foundries, or in the event of a quarantine or closure at any of these foundries, our revenues, cost of revenues and results of operations would be negatively impacted.
In September 1999 two of our foundries’ principal facilities were affected by a significant earthquake in Taiwan. As a consequence of this earthquake, they suffered power outages and equipment damage that impaired their wafer deliveries, which, together with strong demand, resulted in wafer shortages and higher wafer pricing industrywide. If any of our foundries experiences a shortage in capacity, suffers any damage
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to its facilities, experiences power outages, suffers an adverse outcome in pending or future litigation, or encounters financial difficulties or any other disruption of foundry capacity, we may need to qualify an alternative foundry. Even our current foundries need to have new manufacturing processes qualified if there is a disruption in an existing process. We typically require several months to qualify a new foundry or process before we can begin shipping products from it. If we cannot accomplish this qualification in a timely manner, we may experience a significant interruption in supply of the affected products.
Because we rely on outside foundries with limited capacity, we face several significant risks, including:
• | a lack of guaranteed wafer supply and potential wafer shortages and higher wafer prices; | |
• | limited control over delivery schedules, quality assurance, manufacturing yields and production costs; and | |
• | the unavailability of, or potential delays in obtaining access to, key process technologies. |
In addition, the manufacture of integrated circuits is a highly complex and technologically demanding process. Although we work closely with our foundries to minimize the likelihood of reduced manufacturing yields, our foundries have from time to time experienced lower than anticipated manufacturing yields. This often occurs during the production of new products or the installation and start-up of new process technologies. Poor yields from our foundries could result in product shortages or delays in product shipments, which could seriously harm our relationships with our customers and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
The ability of each foundry to provide us with semiconductor devices is limited by its available capacity and existing obligations. Although we have entered into contractual commitments to supply specified levels of products to some of our customers, we do not have a long-term volume purchase agreement or a significant guaranteed level of production capacity with any of our foundries. Foundry capacity may not be available when we need it or at reasonable prices. Availability of foundry capacity has in the recent past been reduced from time to time due to strong demand. We place our orders on the basis of our customers’ purchase orders or our forecast of customer demand, and the foundries can allocate capacity to the production of other companies’ products and reduce deliveries to us on short notice. It is possible that foundry customers that are larger and better financed than we are, or that have long-term agreements with our main foundries, may induce our foundries to reallocate capacity to them. This reallocation could impair our ability to secure the supply of components that we need. Although we use six independent foundries to manufacture substantially all of our semiconductor products, each component is typically manufactured at only one or two foundries at any given time, and if any of our foundries is unable to provide us with components as needed, we could experience significant delays in securing sufficient supplies of those components. Also, our third party foundries typically migrate capacity to newer, state-of-the-art manufacturing processes on a regular basis, which may create capacity shortages for our products designed to be manufactured on an older process. We cannot assure you that any of our existing or new foundries will be able to produce integrated circuits with acceptable manufacturing yields, or that our foundries will be able to deliver enough semiconductor devices to us on a timely basis, or at reasonable prices. These and other related factors could impair our ability to meet our customers’ needs and have a material and adverse effect on our operating results.
Although we may utilize new foundries for other products in the future, in using new foundries we will be subject to all of the risks described in the foregoing paragraphs with respect to our current foundries.
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Our products typically have lengthy sales cycles. A customer may decide to cancel or change its product plans, which could cause us to lose anticipated sales. In addition, our average product life cycles tend to be short and, as a result, we may hold excess or obsolete inventory that could adversely affect our operating results.
After we have developed and delivered a product to a customer, the customer will usually test and evaluate our product prior to designing its own equipment to incorporate our product. Our customers may need three to more than six months to test, evaluate and adopt our product and an additional three to more than nine months to begin volume production of equipment that incorporates our product. Due to this lengthy sales cycle, we may experience significant delays from the time we increase our operating expenses and make investments in inventory until the time that we generate revenue from these products. It is possible that we may never generate any revenue from these products after incurring such expenditures. Even if a customer selects our product to incorporate into its equipment, we have no assurances that the customer will ultimately market and sell its equipment or that such efforts by our customer will be successful. The delays inherent in our lengthy sales cycle increase the risk that a customer will decide to cancel or change its product plans. Such a cancellation or change in plans by a customer could cause us to lose sales that we had anticipated. In addition, anticipated sales could be materially and adversely affected if a significant customer curtails, reduces or delays orders during our sales cycle or chooses not to release equipment that contains our products.
While our sales cycles are typically long, our average product life cycles tend to be short as a result of the rapidly changing technology environment in which we operate. As a result, the resources devoted to product sales and marketing may not generate material revenue for us, and from time to time, we may need to write off excess and obsolete inventory. If we incur significant marketing expenses and investments in inventory in the future that we are not able to recover, and we are not able to compensate for those expenses, our operating results could be adversely affected. In addition, if we sell our products at reduced prices in anticipation of cost reductions but still hold higher cost products in inventory, our operating results would be harmed.
Our stock price is highly volatile. Accordingly, you may not be able to resell your shares of common stock at or above the price you paid for them.
The market price of our Class A common stock has fluctuated substantially in the past and is likely to continue to be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. Since January 1, 2002 our Class A common stock has traded at prices as low as $9.52 and as high as $53.35 per share. Fluctuations have occurred and may continue to occur in response to various factors, many of which we cannot control, including:
• | quarter-to-quarter variations in our operating results; | |
• | changes in accounting rules, particularly those related to the expensing of stock options; | |
• | newly-instituted litigation or an adverse decision or outcome in litigation; | |
• | announcements of changes in our senior management; | |
• | the gain or loss of one or more significant customers or suppliers; | |
• | announcements of technological innovations or new products by our competitors, customers or us; | |
• | the gain or loss of market share in any of our markets; | |
• | general economic and political conditions and specific conditions in the semiconductor industry and the broadband communications markets; | |
• | continuing international conflicts and acts of terrorism; | |
• | changes in earnings estimates or investment recommendations by analysts; | |
• | changes in investor perceptions; or |
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• | changes in expectations relating to our products, plans and strategic position or those of our competitors or customers. |
In addition, the market prices of securities of Internet-related, semiconductor and other technology companies have been volatile. This volatility has significantly affected the market prices of securities of many technology companies for reasons frequently unrelated to the operating performance of the specific companies. Accordingly, you may not be able to resell your shares of common stock at or above the price you paid. In the past we and other companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their securities have been, and in the future we may be, the subject of securities class action litigation.
The six primary independent foundries upon which we rely to manufacture substantially all of our current products and our California and Singapore facilities are located in regions that are subject to earthquakes and other natural disasters.
Two of the six third-party foundries upon which we rely to manufacture substantially all of our semiconductor devices are located in Taiwan and one such third-party foundry is located in Japan. Both Taiwan and Japan have experienced significant earthquakes in the past and could be subject to additional earthquakes. Any earthquake or other natural disaster, such as a tsunami, in a country in which any of our foundries is located could significantly disrupt our foundries’ production capabilities and could result in our experiencing a significant delay in delivery, or substantial shortage, of wafers and possibly in higher wafer prices. Our California facilities, including our principal executive offices and major design centers, are located near major earthquake fault lines, and our international distribution center is located in Singapore, which could be subject to an earthquake, tsunami or other natural disaster. If there is a major earthquake or any other natural disaster in a region where one or more of our facilities are located, our operations could be significantly disrupted. Although we have established business interruption plans to prepare for any such event, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to effectively address all interruptions that such an event could cause.
Changes in current or future laws or regulations or the imposition of new laws or regulations by the FCC, other federal or state agencies or foreign governments could impede the sale of our products or otherwise harm our business.
The Federal Communications Commission has broad jurisdiction over each of our target markets. Although current FCC regulations and the laws and regulations of other federal or state agencies are not directly applicable to our products, they do apply to much of the equipment into which our products are incorporated. FCC regulatory policies that affect the ability of cable operators or telephone companies to offer certain services to their customers or other aspects of their business may impede sales of our products. Accordingly, the effects of regulation on our customers or the industries in which they operate may, in turn, materially and adversely impact our business. For example, in the past we have experienced delays when products incorporating our chips failed to comply with FCC emissions specifications. We and our customers may also be subject to regulation by countries other than the United States. Foreign governments may impose tariffs, duties and other import restrictions on components that we obtain from non-domestic suppliers and may impose export restrictions on products that we sell internationally. These tariffs, duties or restrictions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Changes in current laws or regulations or the imposition of new laws and regulations in the United States or elsewhere could also materially and adversely affect our business.
If our internal controls over financial reporting do not comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our business and stock price could be adversely affected.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires us to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of the end of each year, and to include a management report assessing the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting in all annual reports. Section 404 also requires our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to, and report on, management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting.
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Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, involving Broadcom have been, or will be, detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and we cannot assure you that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Although our management has determined, and our independent registered public accounting firm has attested, that our internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2004, we cannot assure you that we or our independent registered public accounting firm will not identify a material weakness in our internal controls in the future. A material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting would require management and our independent registered public accounting firm to evaluate our internal controls as ineffective. If our internal controls over financial reporting are not considered adequate, we may experience a loss of public confidence, which could have an adverse effect on our business and our stock price.
We may seek to raise additional capital through the issuance of additional equity or debt securities or by borrowing money, but additional funds may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, together with cash generated by operations and from the exercise of employee stock options will be sufficient to cover our working capital needs, capital expenditures, investment requirements, commitments and repurchases of our Class A common stock for at least the next 12 months. However, it is possible that we may need to raise additional funds to finance our activities beyond the next 12 months or to consummate acquisitions of other businesses, assets, products or technologies. We could raise such funds by selling equity or debt securities to the public or to selected investors, or by borrowing money from financial institutions. In addition, even though we may not need additional funds, we may still elect to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain credit facilities for other reasons. We have in effect a universal shelf registration statement on SEC Form S-3 that allows us to sell, in one or more public offerings, shares of our Class A common stock, shares of preferred stock or debt securities, or any combination of such securities, for proceeds in an aggregate amount of up to $750 million. However, we have not issued nor do we have immediate plans to issue securities to raise capital under the universal shelf registration statement. If we elect to raise additional funds, we may not be able to obtain such funds on a timely basis on acceptable terms, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership percentages of existing shareholders would be reduced. In addition, the equity or debt securities that we issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock.
Our co-founders, directors, executive officers and their affiliates can control the outcome of matters that require the approval of our shareholders, and accordingly we will not be able to engage in certain transactions without their approval.
As of September 30, 2005 our co-founders, directors, executive officers and their respective affiliates beneficially owned approximately 16.0% of our outstanding common stock and held 63.2% of the total voting power held by our shareholders. Accordingly, these shareholders currently have enough voting power to control the outcome of matters that require the approval of our shareholders. These matters include the
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election of our Board of Directors, the issuance of additional shares of Class B common stock, and the approval of most significant corporate transactions, including certain mergers and consolidations and the sale of substantially all of our assets. In particular, as of September 30, 2005 our two founders, Dr. Henry T. Nicholas III, who is no longer an officer or director of Broadcom, and Dr. Henry Samueli, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, beneficially owned a total of approximately 15.0% of our outstanding common stock and held 62.2% of the total voting power held by our shareholders. Because of their significant voting stock ownership, we will not be able to engage in certain transactions, and our shareholders will not be able to effect certain actions or transactions, without the approval of one or both of these shareholders. These actions and transactions include changes in control of our Board of Directors, certain mergers, and the sale of control of our company by means of a tender offer, open market purchases or other purchases of our Class A common stock, or otherwise.
Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain anti-takeover provisions that could prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us.
Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders. In addition, we have in the past issued and may in the future issue shares of Class B common stock in connection with certain acquisitions, upon exercise of certain stock options, and for other purposes. Class B shares have superior voting rights entitling the holder to ten votes for each share held on matters that we submit to a shareholder vote (as compared to one vote per share in the case of our Class A common stock). Our Board of Directors also has the authority to fix the rights and preferences of shares of our preferred stock and to issue such shares without a shareholder vote. It is possible that the provisions in our charter documents, the exercise of supervoting rights by holders of our Class B common stock, our co-founders’, directors’ and officers’ ownership of a majority of the Class B common stock, or the ability of our Board of Directors to issue preferred stock or additional shares of Class B common stock may prevent or discourage third parties from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders. In addition, these factors may discourage third parties from bidding for our Class A common stock at a premium over the market price for our stock. These factors may also materially and adversely affect voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock and the market price of our Class A common stock.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
We maintain an investment portfolio of various holdings, types and maturities. We do not use derivative financial instruments. We place our cash investments in instruments that meet high credit quality standards, as specified in our investment policy guidelines. These guidelines also limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issue, issuer or type of instrument.
Our cash and cash equivalents are not subject to significant interest rate risk due to the short maturities of these instruments. As of September 30, 2005 the carrying value of our cash and cash equivalents approximated fair value.
Our marketable securities, consisting of U.S. Treasury and agency obligations, commercial paper, corporate notes and bonds, time deposits, foreign notes and certificates of deposits, are generally classified as held-to-maturity and are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and discounts to maturity. In addition, in the past certain of our short term marketable securities were classified as available-for-sale and were stated at fair value, which was equal to cost due to the short term maturity of these securities. In the event that there were to be a difference between fair value and cost in any of our available-for-sale securities, unrealized holding gains and losses on these investments would be reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Our investment policy for marketable securities requires that all securities mature in three years or less, with a weighted average maturity of no longer than 18 months. As of September 30, 2005 the carrying value and fair value of these securities were approximately $570.2 million and $567.6 million, respectively. The fair value of our marketable securities fluctuates based on changes in market conditions and interest rates; however, given
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the short-term maturities, we do not believe these instruments are subject to significant market or interest rate risk.
The carrying value, maturity and estimated fair value of our cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, were as follows:
Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Value | Maturity | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except interest rates) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash equivalents | $ | 563,073 | $ | 563,073 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 562,812 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average interest rate | 3.77 | % | 3.77 | % | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Marketable securities | $ | 570,217 | $ | 222,271 | $ | 233,885 | $ | 84,092 | $ | 29,969 | $ | 567,648 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average interest rate | 3.52 | % | 3.45 | % | 3.42 | % | 3.73 | % | 4.23 | % |
Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||||
Value | Maturity | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except interest rates) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Investments | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cash equivalents | $ | 356,845 | $ | 356,845 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 356,831 | |||||||||||
Weighted average interest rate | 2.33 | % | 2.33 | % | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Marketable securities | $ | 416,959 | $ | 324,041 | $ | 69,717 | $ | 23,201 | $ | 415,757 | |||||||||||
Weighted average interest rate | 2.40 | % | 2.30 | % | 2.64 | % | 3.12 | % |
Our strategic equity investments are generally classified as available-for-sale and are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for our publicly traded investments. We have also invested in privately held companies, the majority of which can still be considered to be in the start-up or development stage. We make investments in key business partners and other industry participants to establish strategic relationships, expand existing relationships and achieve a return on our investment. These investments are inherently risky, as the markets for the technologies or products these companies have under development are typically in the early stages and may never materialize. Likewise, the development projects of these companies may not be successful. In addition, early stage companies often fail for various other reasons. Consequently, we could lose our entire investment in these companies. As of September 30, 2005, the carrying and fair value of our strategic investments was approximately $4.6 million.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the
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realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2005, the end of the quarterly period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
The information set forth under Note 7 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
In the three months ended September 30, 2005, we issued an aggregate of 2,117,474 shares of our Class A common stock upon conversion of a like number of shares of our Class B common stock. Each share of our Class B common stock is convertible at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock, and in most instances will automatically convert into one share of Class A common stock upon sale or other transfer. The offer and sale of the securities were effected without registration in reliance on the exemption from registration proved by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act.
In connection with our acquisition of Siliquent Technologies Inc. in August 2005, we issued an aggregate of 36,716 restricted shares of our Class A common stock. The offer and sale of the securities were effected without registration in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. Based upon the small number of persons receiving shares of our Class A common stock in the transaction, their financial position and sophistication and the absence of any general solicitation, the transaction was determined not to involve any public offering.
In February 2005 our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase shares of our Class A common stock. The Board approved the repurchase of shares having an aggregate value of up to $250 million from time to time over a period of one year, depending on market conditions. The following
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table details the repurchases that were made under the program during the three months ended September 30, 2005:
Approximate Dollar | ||||||||||||||||
Total Number of | Value of Shares | |||||||||||||||
Shares Purchased | that May Yet be | |||||||||||||||
Shares | Average Price | as Part of Publicly | Purchased under | |||||||||||||
Period | Purchased | per Share | Announced Plan | the Plan | ||||||||||||
July 1, 2005 - July 29, 2005 | 186,662 | $ | 42.29 | 186,662 | ||||||||||||
August 1, 2005 - August 31, 2005 | 1,037,355 | $ | 42.49 | 1,037,355 | ||||||||||||
September 1, 2005 - September 30, 2005 | 569,979 | $ | 45.06 | 569,979 | ||||||||||||
Total | 1,793,996 | $ | 43.28 | 1,793,996 | $ | 154,107,662 | ||||||||||
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities |
None.
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
None.
Item 5. | Other Information |
None.
Item 6. | Exhibits |
31 | Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
32 | Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and furnished herewith pursuant to SEC Release No. 33-8238. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
BROADCOM CORPORATION, | |
a California corporation | |
(Registrant) | |
/s/William J. Ruehle | |
William J. Ruehle | |
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
(Principal Financial Officer) | |
/s/Bruce E. Kiddoo | |
Bruce E. Kiddoo | |
Vice President and Corporate Controller | |
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
October 31, 2005
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||||
No. | ||||
31 | Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
32 | Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and furnished herewith pursuant to SEC Release No. 33-8238. |