SCHEDULE 14A
(Rule 14a-101)
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )
Filed by the Registrant x Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ¨
Check the appropriate box:
¨ | Preliminary Proxy Statement |
¨ | Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) |
x | Definitive Proxy Statement |
¨ | Definitive Additional Materials |
¨ | Soliciting Material Pursuant to Rule 14a-11(c) |
Lionbridge Technologies, Inc.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
¨ | Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11. |
| 1) | Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies: |
| 2) | Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies: |
| 3) | Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined): |
| 4) | Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: |
¨ | Fee paid previously with preliminary materials. |
¨ | Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing. |
| 1) | Amount Previously Paid: |
| 2) | Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.: |
![LOGO](https://capedge.com/proxy/DEF 14A/0001193125-12-122393/g291252g74_72.jpg)
Dear Fellow Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be held on Tuesday, May 1, 2012, at 10:00 A.M., at our corporate headquarters located at 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts. The notice of meeting and proxy statement that follow describe the business to be conducted at that meeting.
Whether or not you plan to attend the meeting in person, it is important that your shares be represented and voted. After reading the enclosed Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement, I urge you to vote in one of the following three ways: (1) by requesting a paper copy of the proxy card, signing and dating the proxy card and returning it where indicated, (2) by completing your proxy using the toll-free telephone number listed on the proxy card, or (3) by completing your proxy on the Internet at the address listed on the proxy card. If you attend the Annual Meeting, you may vote in person even if you have previously returned your proxy card or have voted via the Internet or by telephone.
For the Board of Directors,
![LOGO](https://capedge.com/proxy/DEF 14A/0001193125-12-122393/g291252g04b16.jpg)
Rory J. Cowan
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
LIONBRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1050 WINTER STREET
WALTHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 02451
(781) 434-6000
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON TUESDAY, MAY 1, 2012
To the Stockholders of Lionbridge Technologies, Inc.:
Notice is hereby given that the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lionbridge” or the “Company”), will be held at 10:00 A.M, Eastern Time, on Tuesday, May 1, 2012, at the Company’s corporate headquarters at 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, to consider and act upon the following proposals:
1. Elect three (3) members to our Board of Directors to serve for a three-year term as Class I Directors (the “Class I Directors”);
2. Consider a non-binding “say on pay” vote regarding the compensation of our named executive officers, as described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, executive compensation tables and narrative disclosures in the accompanying proxy statement; and
3. Ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012.
The Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on March 8, 2012, as the record date for the determination of the Lionbridge stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting and any postponements or adjournments thereof.
All stockholders are cordially invited to attend the Annual Meeting in person. SEC rules allow us to furnish proxy materials to our stockholders on the internet. Accordingly, you can access proxy materials and vote at www.proxyvote.com. You may also vote via internet or telephone by following the instructions on that website. In order to vote on the internet or by telephone you must have a stockholder identification number which is being mailed to you on a Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials. If you have requested a proxy card by mail, you may vote by signing, voting and returning that proxy card to the address indicated.
You may revoke your proxy in the manner described in the accompanying Proxy Statement at any time before it has been voted at the Annual Meeting. Any stockholder attending the Annual Meeting may vote in person even if he or she has returned a proxy.
Properly executed proxies will be voted in accordance with the specifications on the proxy card. A list of stockholders entitled to vote will be available for inspection at our offices, located at 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts, for a period of ten (10) days prior to the Annual Meeting. Executed proxies with no instructions indicated thereon will be voted FOR approval of the matters set forth in this Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
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Margaret A. Shukur,
Secretary
Waltham, Massachusetts
March 20, 2012
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT, WHETHER OR NOT YOU PLAN TO ATTEND THE MEETING. PLEASE READ THE PROXY STATEMENT AND COMPLETE A PROXY FOR YOUR SHARES AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. YOU MAY VOTE YOUR SHARES OVER THE INTERNET OR BY TELEPHONE BY FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE WEBSITE INDICATED IN THE NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS THAT YOU RECEIVED IN THE MAIL. YOU MAY ALSO REQUEST A PAPER PROXY CARD AT ANY TIME PRIOR TO APRIL 19, 2012 TO SUBMIT YOUR VOTE BY MAIL. IF YOU ATTEND THE MEETING AND VOTE IN PERSON, THAT VOTE WILL REVOKE ANY PROXY YOU PREVIOUSLY SUBMITTED. IF YOU HOLD SHARES IN THE NAME OF A BROKERAGE FIRM, BANK, NOMINEE OR OTHER INSTITUTION, YOU MUST PROVIDE A LEGAL PROXY FROM THAT INSTITUTION IN ORDER TO VOTE YOUR SHARES AT THE MEETING EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE DISCUSSED IN THE PROXY STATEMENT.
PROXY STATEMENT
March 22, 2012
This Proxy Statement is being furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors of Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lionbridge” or the “Company”), for use at the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 1, 2012 (the “Annual Meeting”) at 10:00 A.M., local time, at the Company’s corporate headquarters and principal executive offices at 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, or at any postponements or adjournments thereof. The purpose of the Annual Meeting is to:
1. Elect three members to our Board of Directors to serve for a three-year term as Class I Directors (the “Class I Directors”);
2. Consider a non-binding “say on pay” vote regarding the compensation of our named executive officers, as described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, executive compensation tables and accompanying narrative disclosures in this proxy statement;
3. Ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012.
This Proxy Statement and form of proxy will be made available to stockholders on or about March 29, 2012.
Only stockholders of record at the close of business on March 8, 2012 (the “Record Date”) will be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting or any adjournment thereof. As of the Record Date, an aggregate of 62,962,280 shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company were issued and outstanding. The holders of Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on any proposal presented at the Annual Meeting. Stockholders may vote in person or by proxy.
Execution of a proxy will not in any way affect your right as a stockholder to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person. Any proxy may be revoked by you at any time before its exercise by (1) filing with the Secretary of the Company, before the taking of the vote at the Annual Meeting, a written notice of revocation bearing a later date than the proxy, (2) duly executing a later dated proxy relating to the same shares and delivering it to the Secretary of the Company before the taking of the vote at the Annual Meeting, or (3) attending the Annual Meeting and voting in person (although attendance at the Annual Meeting will not in and of itself constitute a revocation of a proxy). Any written notice of revocation or subsequent proxy should be sent to Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, Attention: Corporate Secretary, at or before the taking of the vote at the Annual Meeting.
The representation in person or by proxy of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting is necessary to establish a quorum for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions and broker “non-votes” are counted as present or represented for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum. A broker “non-vote” occurs when a broker holding shares for a beneficial owner votes on one proposal, but does not vote on another proposal because, in respect of such other proposal, the broker does not have discretionary voting power and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner.
In the election of the Class I Directors, the three nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of the shares present or represented and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting shall be elected as Directors. On
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all other matters being submitted to stockholders, the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock, in person or represented by proxy, and voting on each such matter is required. An automated system administered by the Company’s transfer agent tabulates the votes. The vote on each matter submitted to stockholders is tabulated separately. Abstentions are included in the number of shares present or represented and voting on each matter. Broker “non-votes” are not considered voted for the particular matter and have the effect of reducing the number of affirmative votes required to achieve a majority for such matter by reducing the total number of shares from which the majority is calculated.The election of directors (Proposal 1) and the “say on pay” vote (Proposal 2) are “non-discretionary” items. If you do not instruct your broker how to vote with respect to these items, your broker may not vote with respect to these proposals and those votes will be counted as broker “non-votes.” Broker “non-votes” are shares that are held in “street name” by a bank or brokerage firm that indicates on its proxy that it does not have or did not exercise discretionary authority to vote on a particular matter.
The persons named as attorneys-in-fact in the proxies were selected by the Board of Directors and are officers of the Company. All properly executed proxies returned in time to be counted at the Annual Meeting will be voted.All shares represented by proxies will be voted in accordance with the stockholders’ instructions, and if no choice is specified, the shares represented by proxies will be voted in favor of the matters set forth in the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting.
The Board of Directors knows of no other matter to be presented at the Annual Meeting. If any other matter should be presented at the meeting upon which a vote may properly be taken, shares represented by all proxies received by the Board of Directors will be voted with respect thereto in accordance with the judgment of the persons named as attorneys in the proxies.
A copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, except for exhibits, will be furnished without charge to any stockholder upon written or oral request to our Investor Relations department as detailed in our “Stockholder Communications with the Board and the Company” discussion below.
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SECURITIES OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Security Ownership of Management
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our Common Stock as of March 2, 2012 by:
| • | | Each director of Lionbridge; |
| • | | Each Executive Officer named in the Summary Compensation Table included in this Proxy Statement (our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Sales Officer and Senior Vice President, Globalization, Localization and Translation (“GLT”) comprise our Executive Officers as of December 31, 2011); and |
| • | | Our Senior Vice President, Global Development and Testing and Enterprise Croudsourcing, and our Senior Vice President, Marketing, each of whom became Executive Officers on February 7, 2012. |
| • | | All of our directors and executive officers as a group. |
Except as noted below, the address of each person listed on the table is c/o Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451.
| | | | | | | | |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(1)(2) | | | Percent of Common Stock Outstanding(3) | |
Rory J. Cowan(4) | | | 4,937,595 | | | | 7.84 | % |
Edward A. Blechschmidt(5) 98 San Jacinto Blvd., FSR 1804 Austin, TX 78701 | | | 126,746 | | | | * | |
Guy L. de Chazal(6) 68 Wheatley Rd Brookville, NY 11545 | | | 276,161 | | | | * | |
Steven R. Fisher(7) 137 Dudley Court Atlanta, GA 30327 | | | 60,925 | | | | * | |
Paul Kavanagh(8) 19 Eagle Drive Fancourt Residential Estate George 6530, South Africa | | | 210,913 | | | | * | |
Jack Noonan(9) 340 East Randolph Street, 62PHW Chicago, IL 60601 | | | 19,776 | | | | * | |
Claude P. Sheer(10) 5 Pillsbury Drive Scarborough, ME 04074 | | | 112,621 | | | | * | |
Henri Broekmate(11) | | | 685,207 | | | | 1.09 | % |
Martha Crow (12) | | | 100,000 | | | | * | |
Donald M. Muir(13) | | | 868,831 | | | | 1.38 | % |
Marc Osofsky (14) | | | 181,708 | | | | * | |
Paula Shannon(15) | | | 960,303 | | | | 1.53 | % |
All executive officers and directors as a group (12 persons)(16) | | | 8,540,786 | | | | 13.56 | % |
* | Less than 1% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. |
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(1) | The persons identified in the table possess sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them, except as noted in the footnotes below and subject to applicable community property laws. |
(2) | The inclusion herein of any shares of Common Stock deemed beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares. |
(3) | Based on 62,962,280 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 8, 2012. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting and investment power with respect to the shares of Common Stock. Shares of Common Stock subject to options currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012 are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of the person holding these options, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person. |
(4) | Includes 684,813 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Cowan pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes (i) 21,938 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on January 5, 2013; (ii) 78,625 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on May 14, 2012 and 2013; (iii) 120,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013 and 2014; (iv) 180,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013, 2014 and 2015; (v) 250,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on February 2, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016; and (vi) 530,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
(5) | Includes 80,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Blechschmidt pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012 and 36,746 fully vested restricted stock units. |
(6) | Includes 80,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. de Chazal pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. |
(7) | Includes 35,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Fisher pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. |
(8) | Includes 52,500 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Kavanagh pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. |
(9) | Includes 15,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Noonan pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. |
(10) | Includes 70,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Sheer pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. |
(11) | Includes 107,594 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Broekmate pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes (i) 5,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on October 28, 2012; (ii) 6,750 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on January 5, 2013; (iii) 31,063 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on May 14, 2012, and 2013; (v) 60,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013 and 2014; (vi) 97,500 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013, 2014 and 2015; (vii) 115,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on February 2, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016; and (viii) 140,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
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(12) | Includes (i) 60,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on December 12, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015; and (ii) 40,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
(13) | Includes 208,718 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Muir pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes (i) 9,282 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on January 5, 2013; (ii) 35,188 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on May 14, 2012, and 2013; (iii) 60,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013 and 2014; (iv) 106,875 shares of Common Stock that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013, 2014 and 2015; (v) 120,000 shares of Common Stock that lapse ratably on February 2, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016; and (vi) 150,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
(14) | Includes 5,000 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Osofsky pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes (i) 52,500 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013, 2014 and 2015; (ii) 80,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on February 2, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016; and (iii) 33,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
(15) | Includes 282,937 shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Ms. Shannon pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes (i) 2,500 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on October 28, 2012; (ii) 6,750 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse on January 5, 2013; (iii) 31,063 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on May 14, 2012 and 2013; (iv) 60,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013 and 2014; (v) 90,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on January 28, 2013, 2014 and 2015; (vi) 115,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse ratably on February 2, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016; and (vii) 140,000 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse upon achievement of certain performance criteria. |
(16) | Includes 1,621,562 shares of Common Stock which the directors and Executive Officers as a group have the right to acquire pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of January 1, 2012. Also includes 2,861,034 shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse over time and 36,746 fully vested restricted stock units. |
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
The following table contains information regarding the beneficial ownership of our Common Stock as of March 8, 2012 by stockholders we know to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding Common Stock.
| | | | | | | | |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(1)(2) | | | Percent of Common Stock Outstanding(3) | |
BlackRock, Inc.(4) 40 East 52nd Street New York, NY 10022 | | | 3,475,326 | | | | 5.52 | % |
FMR LLC(5) Edward C. Johnson 3rd 82 Devonshire Street Boston, MA 02109 | | | 6,271,340 | | | | 9.96 | % |
Glenhill Advisors, LLC, Glenn J. Krevin, Glenhill Capital Advisors, LLC and Glenhill Capital Management, LLC(6) 600 Fifth Avenue, 11th Floor New York, NY 10020 | | | 5,593,911 | | | | 8.88 | % |
Rutabaga Capital Management(7) 64 Broad Street, 3rd Floor Boston, MA 02109 | | | 3,715,998 | | | | 5.90 | % |
Tocqueville Asset Management LP(8) 40 West 57th Street, 19th Floor New York, NY 10019 | | | 4,869,000 | | | | 7.73 | % |
(1) | The persons identified in the table possess sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them, except as noted in the footnotes below and subject to applicable community property laws. |
(2) | The inclusion herein of any shares of Common Stock deemed beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares. |
(3) | Based on 62,962,280 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 8, 2012. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting and investment power with respect to the shares of Common Stock. |
(4) | Information obtained from Schedule 13G/A filed by BlackRock, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 13, 2012. |
(5) | Information obtained from Schedule 13G/A filed by FMR LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2012. |
(6) | Information obtained from Schedule 13G/A filed by Glenhill Advisors, LLC, Glenn J. Krevlin, Glenhill Capital Advisors, LLC, Glenhill Capital Management, LLC and Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund, LP with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2012. Glenn J. Krevlin is the managing member and control person of Glenhill Advisors, LLC and is the sole shareholder of Krevlin Management, Inc. Krevlin Management, Inc. is the managing member of Glenhill Capital Advisors, LLC , which is the investment manager of Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund, LP and Glenhill Concentrated Long Master Fund, LLC, each a stockholder of Lionbridge. Glenhill Advisors, LLC is the managing member of Glenhill Capital Management, LLC. Glenhill Capital Management, LLC is the managing member of Glenhill |
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| Concentrated Long Master Fund, LLC and sole shareholder of Glenhill Capital Overseas GP, Ltd., which is the general partner of Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund, LP. Glenhill Capital Management, LLC and Glenhill Capital Advisors, LLC each have shared voting and dispositive power with respect to 5,593,911 shares. Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund, LP has shared voting and dispositive power with respect to 4,885,257 shares. |
(7) | Information obtained from Schedule 13G/A filed by Rutabaga Capital Management with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10, 2012. Rutabaga Capital Management is an investment adviser. Rutabaga Capital Management has shared voting power with respect to 745,000 shares. |
(8) | Information obtained from Schedule 13G filed by Tocqueville Asset Management, LP, an investment advisor, with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 30, 2012. |
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company’s officers and directors, and holders of more than 10% of the Company’s Common Stock (collectively, the “Reporting Persons”) to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of Common Stock of the Company. Such persons are required by regulations of the Commission to furnish the Company with copies of all such filings. Based solely on a review of the forms and written representations received by the Company pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, the Company believes that during the period January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2011, the Reporting Persons complied with all applicable Section 16(a) filing requirements with the exception of the timely reporting of sales of 20,000 shares of Common Stock by Paul Kavanagh, a director.
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PROPOSAL 1—ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Our Board of Directors currently consists of seven members and is divided into three classes. Each class serves for three years, with the terms of office of the respective classes expiring in successive years. We currently anticipate that the directors in Class II (“Class II Directors”) will be nominees for election to three-year terms at the 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and the directors in Class III (“Class III Directors”) will be nominees for election to three-year terms at the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
The present term of office for the directors in Class I (“Class I Directors”) expires at the Annual Meeting. Steven Fisher was elected by the Board of Directors as a Class I Director in 2009; Jack Noonan was elected by the Board of Directors as a Class I Director in 2010; and Claude Sheer was first elected by the Board of Directors as a Class I Director in 1999 and was most recently re-elected by the stockholders in 2009. Messrs. Fisher, Noonan and Sheer are nominees for re-election to a three-year term as a Class I Director. If re-elected, each Class I Director nominee will be elected for a three-year term and until his successor has been duly elected and qualified, or until his earlier resignation or removal.
Shares represented by all proxies received by the Board of Directors and not so marked as to withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee will be voted (unless one or more nominees is unable or unwilling to serve) FOR the election of the nominees for Class I Director. Each of the nominees has indicated his willingness to serve, if elected, and our Board of Directors knows of no reason why either nominee should be unable or unwilling to serve.
Director Qualifications
The following paragraphs provide information as of the date of this Proxy Statement about each nominee and each of our directors. The information presented includes information each director has given us about his age, all positions he holds, his principal occupation and business experience, and the names of other publicly-held companies of which he currently serves as a director or has served as a director during the past five years. In addition to the information presented below regarding each nominee’s and each director’s specific experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that led our Board to the conclusion that he should serve as a director, we believe that all of our director nominees have a reputation for integrity, honesty, candor and adherence to high ethical standards. They each have demonstrated business acumen and insight and an ability to exercise sound judgment, as well as a commitment of service to Lionbridge and our Board. Finally, we value their significant experience with other enterprises, industries and governments, and on other boards of directors and board committees.
Information about the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by each director appears above under the heading “Security Ownership of Management.” See also “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.” There are no family relationships among any of the directors and executive officers of Lionbridge.
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Directors and Nominees
The following table presents information about each of Lionbridge’s directors (including nominees for re-election) as of March 2, 2012.
| | | | | | |
Name | | Age | | | Position |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 59 | | | Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President
and Class III Director |
Edward A. Blechschmidt | | | 59 | | | Class II Director |
Guy L. de Chazal | | | 64 | | | Class II Director |
Steven R. Fisher | | | 41 | | | Class I Director* |
Paul Kavanagh | | | 70 | | | Class III Director |
Claude Sheer | | | 61 | | | Class I Director* |
Jack Noonan | | | 64 | | | Class I Director* |
Rory J. Cowan founded Lionbridge in September 1996. Mr. Cowan served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Stream International, Inc., a software and services provider, from May 1995 to June 1996. Mr. Cowan was also the Chief Executive Officer of Interleaf, Inc., a developer and marketer of software products, from October 1996 to January 1997. He was an Executive Vice President of R.R. Donnelley & Sons, a provider of commercial print and print-related services, from January 1991 to June 1996. Mr. Cowan is a director of LoJack Corporation, a provider of technology and services for the tracking and recovery of mobile assets and people. As the only management representative on the Board and as founder of Lionbridge, Mr. Cowan provides a singular perspective in board discussions about the business and strategic direction of the Company, drawing upon his involvement on a daily basis in all aspects of the management of the Company. Mr. Cowan has extensive experience in the industry and in all aspects of the Company’s global business. Moreover, Mr. Cowan has held senior executive positions with R.R. Donnelley and Interleaf, and currently serves as a director of one publicly-traded company in addition to Lionbridge, providing him with additional business, corporate governance and strategic insights of benefit to the Lionbridge Board.
Edward A. Blechschmidt was elected a director of Lionbridge in February 2003. Mr. Blechschmidt served as Chief Executive Officer of Novelis, Inc., a producer of rolled aluminum products, from December 2006 through May 2007. He previously served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Gentiva Health Services, a provider of specialty pharmaceutical and home health services, from March 2000 until June 2002. From March 1999 to March 2000, Mr. Blechschmidt served as chief executive officer and a director of Olsten Corporation. He served as president of Olsten Corporation from October 1998 to March 1999. He also served as president and chief executive officer of Siemens Nixdorf Americas and Siemens’ Pyramid Technology from July 1996 to October 1998. Prior to Siemens, he spent more than 20 years with Unisys Corp., including serving as its chief financial officer. Mr. Blechschmidt currently serves as a director of HealthSouth Corporation, Columbia Laboratories, Inc., Diamond Foods, Inc., and VWR International, LLC. In the past five years, he has also served as a director of Option Care, Inc., and Novelis, Inc. Mr. Blechschmidt has extensive experience in matters of finance, corporate governance and strategy and senior leadership relevant to public companies. Mr. Blechschmidt’s background as former Chief Financial Officer of Unisys and Chief Executive Officer of Gentiva Health Services and Novelis, Inc., and his financial experience on other public audit committees provide a strong financial and corporate governance foundation for the Board.
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Guy L. de Chazal has been a director of Lionbridge since February 1998 and has been the Company’s Lead Independent Director since 2008. Mr. de Chazal, who is currently retired, was with Morgan Stanley, a financial services firm providing securities, asset management and credit services, from 1986 until 2007, most recently as a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and individual managing member of various Morgan Stanley Venture Partners Funds. As the Lead Independent Director, Mr. de Chazal brings proven business leadership and corporate development expertise to the Board. His many years of experience as a managing director of Morgan Stanley and his leadership of its venture capital group have given him keen insight into investments in emerging technologies and management of operational and strategic transitions associated with technology investments in companies at various stages of growth. Moreover, his deep knowledge of the Company and its evolution since its founding has contributed greatly to Board deliberations and strategic discussions.
Steven R. Fisher has been a director of Lionbridge since March 2009. Since May 2007, he has served as the chief financial officer and senior vice president of Novelis Inc., a supplier of rolled aluminum products and owned by the Aditya Birla Group. Mr. Fisher served as Novelis’s vice president of strategic planning and corporate development since 2006. Prior to joining Novelis, Mr. Fisher spent 13 years consulting with, or as part of the management team of, various energy companies. Most recently, he served as vice president and controller for TXU Energy, the non-regulated subsidiary of TXU Corp, a Texas-based energy company. Mr. Fisher is an audit committee financial expert, who concurrently serves as Chief Financial Officer of an international manufacturing company, and has deep experience with international corporate finance, treasury, foreign currency and cash management matters. In those capacities, he has added a valuable perspective to the Board and the Audit Committee deliberations. Moreover, Mr. Fisher’s experience as CFO of a company with global operations including a strong operational and management presence in India, as well as a sophisticated corporate financial structure, has allowed him to provide constructive and practical counsel to the Company and the Board in these areas.
Paul Kavanagh has been a director of Lionbridge since December 1996. Mr. Kavanagh, who is currently retired, has served as an industry consultant since January 1998. Mr. Kavanagh served as President Europe, Middle East and Africa of Stream International, Inc., a software and services company, from August 1995 to January 1998. From April 1992 to August 1995, Mr. Kavanagh was Managing Director Europe, Middle East and Africa of R.R. Donnelley & Sons. Mr. Kavanagh is retired President of Modus Media Europe, a software company specializing in supply chain management. Mr. Kavanagh has over a decade of experience on Lionbridge’s Board and a lifetime of experience in the localization industry. Moreover, Mr. Kavanagh, a former member of the Irish Senate, has served on several governmental bodies in Europe, and has shared his insights and understanding of the European business and economic climate with the Board. Mr. Kavanagh’s current and past experience with many of the industries served by the Company, as well as with emerging e-commerce businesses, has contributed to the scope and depth of the Board’s deliberations.
Jack Noonan has been a director of Lionbridge since April 2010. Mr. Noonan served as chairman, president and chief executive officer of SPSS Inc., a software company in predictive analytics, from 1992 through the acquisition of SPSS Inc. by International Business Machines Corporation in 2009. Mr. Noonan also serves as a director of Morningstar, Inc., a provider of independent investment research. Mr. Noonan provides extensive experience and leadership in strategic marketing, sales and global software product development and deployment to the Board as Lionbridge continues the commercialization of its Software-as-a–Service (“SaaS”) offerings.
Claude P. Sheer has been a director of Lionbridge since March 1999. Mr. Sheer was previously Chief Executive Officer of Vault, a web-based resource for career management and job search information, and of
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Fetch Enterprises and FetchDog.com, an online community and marketplace, and has served as an industry analyst and consultant since April 1999. He is also a partner of Barn Ventures LLC, an entity that assists internet businesses with fundraising activities. Mr. Sheer served as Senior Advisor to and Chief Internet Strategist of Ziff Davis, a media and publishing company, from November 1998 through April 1999. From 1980 to November 1998, Mr. Sheer served in a number of executive roles for Ziff Davis, including President, ZD Publishing; President, U.S. Publications; and President, Business Media Group. Mr. Sheer’s many accomplishments in internet commerce and strategy have provided a valuable perspective to the Board. In addition, his operating and director experiences with Ziff Davis and emerging companies, as well as expertise in marketing, product development and social media, have provided visionary insight and direction to the Lionbridge Board.
We recommend a vote FOR the election of Messrs. Fisher, Noonan and Sheer.
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MANAGEMENT
Executive Officers
The following table presents information about each of Lionbridge’s Executive Officers as of March 2, 2012.
| | | | | | |
Name | | Age | | | Position |
Rory J. Cowan(1) | | | 59 | | | Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President
and Class III Director |
Henri Broekmate | | | 51 | | | Senior Vice President, Globalization, Localization and Translation (“GLT”) |
Martha Crow | | | 51 | | | Senior Vice President, Global Development and Testing (“GDT”) and Enterprise Crowdsourcing (“EC”) |
Donald M. Muir | | | 55 | | | Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President |
Marc Osofsky | | | 42 | | | Senior Vice President, Marketing |
Paula Barbary Shannon | | | 51 | | | Chief Sales Officer and Senior Vice President |
(1) | Mr. Cowan’s qualifications appear on page 9, under “Directors and Nominees.” |
Henri Broekmate joined Lionbridge in April 2001. Mr. Broekmate served as Executive Vice President, eBusiness, of TRADOS Corporation from July 2000 to April 2001 and as Chief Operating Officer of TRADOS Corporation from June 1998 to July 2000.
Martha Crow joined Lionbridge in December 2011. Ms. Crow served as Senior Vice President of Sales for Alliance Global Services, Inc., a software development firm focused on the information technology industry, from January 2011 to December 2011, and as Executive Vice President of Global Solutions for Dextrys, Inc., a global provider of product engineering and application services outsourcing, from December 2007 through December 2010. She was Vice President and General Manager of Keane Inc., a leading provider of application and business process outsourcing services from 2000 to December 2007 and prior to that time, held positions at Entex Information Services and at International Business Machines Corporation.
Donald M. Muir joined Lionbridge in September 2007. Mr. Muir served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Evergreen Solar, Inc., a technology company specializing in solar energy, from February 2006 to January 2007, and as Chief Financial Officer of American Power Conversion Corporation (“APCC”), a provider of global, end-to-end solutions for real-time infrastructure, from 1995 to 2005 and as APCC’s Senior Vice President, Finance & Administration from 2001 to 2005. Mr. Muir also served as APCC’s Treasurer from 2001 to February 2004 and as Vice President, Finance and Administration from 1998 to 2001.
Marc Osofsky joined Lionbridge in January 2011. Mr. Osofsky served as Vice President of Marketing & Product Management for Optaros, a venture-backed, e-commerce solution company, from February 2007 to December 2010, and as Vice President Marketing, Product Management & Business Development for OATSystems (acquired by Checkpoint Systems), a venture-backed RFID software company, from June 2004 to January 2007 and as Vice President Marketing, Product Management & Business Development for Frictionless Commerce (acquired by SAP), a venture-backed sourcing software company from January 2000 to June 2004. Mr. Osofsky began his career at McKinsey.
Paula Barbary Shannon joined Lionbridge in November 1999. Ms. Shannon served as Chief Sales and Chief Marketing Officer of Alpnet, Inc, a localization company, from March 1996 to October 1999, and held a
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number of positions of increasing responsibility in the U.S., Canada and other international locations with Berlitz International, Inc, a translation, localization and interpretation services company, from 1986 to 1996.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Corporate Governance and Ethics Principles
We are committed to having sound corporate governance principles and have adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines and a Code of Ethics (referred to as the Code of Business Conduct) that applies to all of our directors and employees, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer. We have also adopted a Supplier Code of Conduct that applies to all of our suppliers of products and services. The Corporate Governance Guidelines, the Code of Ethics and the Supplier Code of Conduct are available on Lionbridge’s Web site at http://www.lionbridge.com/lionbridge/en-US/company/corporate-governance.htm. We intend to disclose amendments to or waivers, if any, from any provision of the Code of Business Conduct that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, by posting such information on our web site.
Board Leadership Structure
Since the Company’s founding in 1996, Rory J. Cowan, our founder, has held the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. In April 2008, the Board formally designated a Lead Independent Director to work with the Chairman in connection with Board leadership and governance matters and elected Guy de Chazal to serve in that capacity.
The independent members of our Board have periodically reviewed this leadership structure and have determined that the Company and our stockholders are well served with this structure, given the Company’s strong corporate governance framework and due to the involvement and role of the Lead Independent Director. The Chairman of the Board provides leadership to the Board and works with the Board to define its structure and activities in the fulfillment of its responsibilities. In conjunction with the Lead Independent Director, the Chairman of the Board sets the Board agendas with Board and management input, facilitates communication among directors, works with the Lead Independent Director to provide an appropriate information flow to the Board and presides at meetings of the Board of Directors and stockholders. The Lead Independent Director works with the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and other Board members to provide strong, independent oversight of the Company’s management and affairs. Among other things, the Lead Independent Director approves Board meeting agendas, serves as the principal liaison between the Chairman of the Board and the independent directors and chairs an executive session of the non-employee directors at each regularly scheduled Board meeting. While serving as Lead Independent Director, Mr. de Chazal has overseen the implementation of governance practices that encourage engaged and constructive involvement by members of our Board. His leadership fosters a culture of open discussion and deliberation, with a thoughtful evaluation of risk, to support sound decision-making. He has spearheaded the development of processes and procedures to ensure a complete flow of information to the Board and thorough deliberation by the Board of critical matters. He encourages communication among the directors, and between management and the Board, to facilitate productive working relationships. Working with the Chairman and other members of the Board, the Lead Independent Director also ensures there is an appropriate balance and focus among key board responsibilities such as strategic development; long-term planning; review of operations; risk oversight; and management succession planning.
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Board Structure and Independence; Meetings of the Board; Committees of the Board
Our Board of Directors has an Audit Committee and a Nominating and Compensation Committee, both of which are comprised solely of independent directors. The Board has determined that each of the directors, with the exception of Mr. Cowan, who serves as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is independent within the meaning of Lionbridge’s director independence standards (the “Lionbridge Independent Director Standards”) and the director independence standards of The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC. (the “NASDAQ Standards”). Given the size of our Board and its comprehensive manner of engagement, it is our view that corporate governance is best addressed by the Board as a whole. Consideration of governance matters is led by the Lead Independent Director and, as appropriate, involves solely the independent directors.
The Board periodically reviews it structure and has concluded that given the current size, vulnerability and status of the Company as a “micro-cap” with high stock price volatility, it is in the stockholders’ best interest to retain the classified board structure.
Our Audit Committee selects the independent auditors to be employed by the Company and reviews generally the audit plans and the results thereof. The Committee assists the Board’s oversight of the integrity of our financial statements, the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors, and the performance of our internal audit function and our independent auditors. The Audit Committee has the authority to engage any independent legal, accounting and other advisors that it deems necessary to carry out its responsibilities.
All of the members of the Audit Committee—Messrs. de Chazal, Fisher and Noonan—are independent within the meaning of the Lionbridge Independent Director Standards, the NASDAQ Standards, and the SEC’s director independence standards (the “SEC Standards”) for audit committee members, including Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Exchange Act. Each member of the Audit Committee is financially sophisticated, as required by the NASDAQ Standards. The Board has determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that Mr. Fisher, who has served as Chairman of the Audit Committee since August 2011, is an audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committee Charter is available free of charge through Lionbridge’s web site at http://www.lionbridge.com/lionbridge/en-US/company/corporate-governance/audit-committee-charter.htm.
Our Nominating and Compensation Committee has responsibility for the review and administration of our compensation and equity plans, including Lionbridge’s 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, for approving salaries and other incentive compensation for our officers and executives, and for preparing the annual report on executive compensation required to be included in our proxy statement. In addition, the Nominating and Compensation Committee has responsibility for recommending nominees for election as directors of the Company and for review of related Board development issues including succession planning and evaluation. The Nominating and Compensation Committee has the sole authority to engage and terminate any independent legal, accounting or other advisors it deems necessary or appropriate to carry out its responsibilities. The Committee did not elect to engage any independent legal, accounting or other advisor during 2011.
Messrs. de Chazal, Kavanagh and Sheer are the members of the Nominating and Compensation Committee, and each is independent within the meaning of Lionbridge’s Independent Director Standards, and the NASDAQ Standards and the SEC Standards for nominating and compensation committee members. Mr. Sheer serves as Chairman of the Nominating and Compensation Committee. The Committee seeks input from other Board Members and senior management to identify and evaluate nominees for directors. The Nominating and
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Compensation Committee Charter is available free of charge through Lionbridge’s web site at http://www.lionbridge.com/lionbridge/en-US/company/corporate-governance/compensation-and-nominating-committee-charter.htm. Lionbridge’s independent directors meet in executive session at each Board meeting.
During 2011, the Board of Directors met six times, the Audit Committee met six times (including meetings to review the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010) and the Nominating and Compensation Committee met six times. All directors attended more than 75% of the total number of meetings of the Board and the committees on which they serve, except for Mr. Noonan. Mr. Noonan, who due to travel commitments scheduled prior to his becoming a director, attended two-thirds of the total number of meetings of the Board and 50% of the Audit Committee meetings. Mr. Noonan intended to participate in these meetings telephonically but unanticipated connectivity concerns prevented his doing so. Mr. Noonan and all other directors expect to attend all Board and committee meetings in the coming year.
We do not formally require directors to attend the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders but all directors are welcome to do so. Mr. Cowan, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and a director, attended the 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
The Board’s Role in Risk Oversight
The Board views its role in maintaining an effective and comprehensive risk oversight process as one of its most critical responsibilities. The Board’s role in the Company’s risk oversight process includes receiving regular reports from members of senior management of areas related to the material risks facing the Company, including operational, financial, legal, strategic, governance, business management and critical enterprise risks. At each Board meeting, the Lead Independent Director leads a review of key identified risks related to the business, which include technology development, customer concentration and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, among others, and a discussion of the effectiveness and appropriateness of risk mitigation activities relative to these identified risks and strategic goals. The full Board (or the appropriate Committee, when the Board has delegated oversight responsibilities to the purview of a particular Committee) receives these reports as part of its regular communications with the Chief Executive Officer and senior management, allowing it to monitor the Company’s risk identification, risk management and risk mitigation strategies. As part of their charters, the Audit Committee is charged with financial risk oversight and risk management and the Nominating and Compensation Committee is charged with compensation risk oversight.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
Messrs. de Chazal, Kavanagh and Sheer comprised the Nominating and Compensation Committee for fiscal year 2011 and Mr. Sheer served as its Chairman. No member of our Nominating and Compensation Committee was at any time during the past year an officer or employee of Lionbridge or any of its subsidiaries, was formerly an officer of Lionbridge or any of its subsidiaries, nor had any relationship with Lionbridge requiring disclosure herein.
No executive officer of Lionbridge served as a member of a compensation committee (or other board committee performing similar functions or, in the absence of any such committee, the entire board of directors) of another corporation, one of whose executive officers served on Lionbridge’s Nominating and Compensation Committee. None of our executive officers served as a director of another corporation, one of whose executives served on the Nominating and Compensation Committee. None of our executive officers served as a member of a
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compensation committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of any such committee, the entire board of directors) of another corporation, one of whose executive officers served as a director of Lionbridge.
Consideration of Candidates for Director
As noted above, our Nominating and Compensation Committee has responsibility for recommending nominees for election as directors of the Company. Any stockholder may submit recommendations of candidates for election as directors for consideration by the Nominating and Compensation Committee in writing to the Secretary at the executive offices of Lionbridge. Stockholder recommendations must generally be submitted no later than the close of business on the 90th day or no earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting. Such recommendations must clearly indicate the candidate’s qualifications for service as a director and that such candidate’s qualifications meet or exceed the criteria for service as a director set forth in the Nominating and Compensation Committee Charter and Lionbridge’s Corporate Governance Guidelines. In particular, any candidate for consideration must have the following qualities or qualifications:
| • | | Be an individual of the highest character and integrity; |
| • | | Be free of any conflict of interest that would violate any applicable law or regulation or interfere with the proper performance of the responsibilities of a director; |
| • | | Be willing and able to devote sufficient time to the affairs of the Company and be diligent in fulfilling the responsibilities of a director and Board committee member (including developing and maintaining sufficient knowledge of the Company and its industry); |
| • | | Have broad experience in the industries which comprise the Company’s customer base or in the information technologies services industry; |
| • | | Have the ability to provide insights and practical wisdom based on his or her experience and expertise; and |
| • | | Have a commitment to enhancing stockholder value. |
The Board of Directors has also identified specific strategic and technical expertise and experience it values in current and prospective Board members. These specific strategic competencies include current or recent experience as a chief executive or other “C-Level” officer, public company experience as a director or officer, digital media experience, international business experience, international finance experience, international human capital management expertise, global enterprise crowdsourcing, international compensation and benefits experience and experience with SaaS-based technology development and marketing, and generally, with internet-based commerce, business and marketing. The Board believes that the skills and experience represented among current Board members and as described in greater detail in the “Directors” section of this proxy statement, reflect a full complement of the strategic, technical and practical expertise and experience required to serve the interests of the Company and its stockholders.
As described in its Charter, the Nominating and Compensation Committee meets periodically to evaluate each new director candidate and each incumbent director before recommending that the Board nominate or re-nominate such individual for election or reelection as a director. The Nominating and Compensation Committee bases its decision whether to recommend a nominee to the Board of Directors on the extent to which
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such individual meets the criteria described above and any additional criteria that may have been established by the Committee. The Committee seeks nominees with a broad diversity of experience, professions, skills, geographic representation and backgrounds although Lionbridge does not have a formal diversity policy. The Committee does not assign specific weights to particular criteria and no particular criterion is necessarily applicable to all prospective nominees. Lionbridge believes that the backgrounds and qualifications of the directors, considered as a group, should provide a significant composite mix of experience, knowledge and abilities that will allow the Board to fulfill its responsibilities. Nominees are not discriminated against on the basis of race, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, disability or any other basis proscribed by law. The Committee is authorized to engage third parties, such as a director search firm, to aid in the identification of director candidates meeting the Committee’s criteria. In addition, the bylaws of the Company permit stockholders to nominate directors for consideration at an annual meeting of stockholders. In January 2012, the Committee determined that each of Messrs. Fisher, Noonan and Sheer met the identified criteria for nomination for an additional term as a director of Lionbridge, and recommended to the full Board of Directors their re-election as Class I Directors of the Company. In particular, the Committee took note of Mr. Fisher’s expertise in financial and accounting matters, allowing him to serve as a “financial expert” on the Company’s Audit Committee; Mr. Noonan’s deep experience in global software development and marketing throughout his professional career as well as his managerial experience building and leading a global software company; and Mr. Sheer’s expertise with social and digital media and the marketing and development of SaaS-based offerings.
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COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
As discussed in Proposal 2, we are conducting a “say-on-pay” vote that asks for your approval of the compensation of our Executive Officers—our CEO, CFO, Chief Sales Officer and Senior Vice President, Globalization, Localization and Translation (“GLT”). We have described our executive compensation program and the compensation decisions made for 2011 for our Executive Officers in this Section and in the “executive compensation” section of this Proxy Statement which follows CD&A. We note that at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders in 2011, nearly97%of the votes cast on the advisory vote on executive compensation were in favor of our Executive Officer compensation in 2010 and accordingly, our Executive Officer compensation was approved.In light of the strong support of our stockholders, we have maintained the overall structure and design of our executive compensation programs in 2011 and 2012.
Lionbridge’s executive compensation programs emphasize profitable growth, investment in strategic opportunities and revenue expansion. 2011 marked our first year of positive GAAP net earnings since 2004 and the second consecutive year of revenue and profitability growth, and our 2012 executive compensation decisions are designed to build on these successes. These programs rewardachievementof our multi-year strategic transformation from our position as a provider of localization and translation services for the world’s leading global enterprises to a provider of scalable, cutting-edge multilingual technology and enterprise crowdsourcing solutions that accelerate global communications and business. When performance metrics are not fully achieved, as occurred in 2011, Executive Officers forfeit a portion of their performance-based compensation.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
We have designed our executive compensation programs to retain and motivate our executive leadership team to reach defined long-term strategic, financial and operational goals which include:
| • | | Enhancing Lionbridge’s leadership as a provider of state-of-the-art multi-lingual services and technologies worldwide through new offerings, such as Global Marketing Operations, and through cloud-based and crowdsourced service and delivery models; |
| • | | Diversifying the customer base for the Company’s expanded capabilities and range of products and services, including tailored translation solutions for particular industries and applications, content development and technical writing services, real-time translation technologies, global human capital management and enterprise crowdsourced solutions, and global marketing and web operations services; and |
| • | | Meeting or exceeding revenue and profitability targets through the development and deployment of technologies and offering our expanded product and services solutions to new and existing customers while streamlining Lionbridge’s cost structure and improving operating efficiencies. |
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Program Design. Our 2011 executive compensation programs are consistent with our 2010 program, which received strong support from our stockholders in the “say on pay” advisory vote conducted at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders conducted in May 2011. Our 2011 executive compensation programs consist of four elements, which emphasize a long- and short-term cash and equity components to emphasize and reward achievement of these goals and to attract and retain the key talent necessary to meet them, without significant dilution of our stockholders. These components are:
| • | | Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation |
| • | | Annual Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation |
| • | | Long-Term Performance-based Compensation |
Based on the mix of these items, 74% of our CEO’s and 70% of our other named executives’ compensation in 2011 was comprised of variable, or “at risk” compensation, which was a higher percentage than the average of our peers.
Emphasis on Performance.Our ability to meet and exceed customer and stockholder expectations is directly linked to the performance of our leadership. Accordingly, we design and deliver an executive compensation program that is motivating, equitable, competitive, balanced across elements and strongly tied to annual and long-term performance. At the same time, our programs emphasize accountability and results and do not reward achievement below agreed-upon performance metrics. 2011 executive compensation programs were heavily weighted toward the achievement of performance objectives, primarily through the annual cash incentive plan (the “Management Incentive Plan” or “MIP”) and long-term performance-based equity awards (“LTIP”).
The Committee has stringently assessed the attainment of these objectives by each Executive Officer.When performance objectives are not fully met, as occurred in 2011, Executive Officers do not receive all of their “at risk” or performance-based compensation:
| • | | The profitability threshold under the 2011 MIP was not achieved and therefore, no payment was made for the profitability component, which comprised one-third of the potential award under the MIP.While the revenue threshold for payment was achieved, the target for full funding was not achieved; therefore, the revenue component of MIP was funded at 80%, reflecting 98% attainment of the revenue target. As a result, Executive Officers received less than 50% of their maximum target award under the 2011 MIP. |
| • | | Under the LTIP granted in 2010, which vested based on profitability and revenue metrics measured over two years, approximately 10.2% of the shares granted were forfeited by each Executive Officer to reflect less than full attainment of the long-term revenue and profitability targets established for that award. |
The Nominating and Compensation Committee believes its executive compensation programs in 2011 rewarded the operating leverage and technology advancements generated by the Company during the year, encouraged sustained achievement of longer-term goals and initiatives, and maintained a motivated and engaged leadership team. The Committee also notes that the balanced executive compensation program design avoided the encouragement or reward of inappropriate risk-taking detrimental to the Company.
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ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
We conducted our first advisory vote on executive compensation last year at our 2011 Annual Meeting and were pleased that nearly 97% of the votes cast were in favor of our Executive Officer compensation. While this vote was not binding on the Company or our Board of Directors, the results were considered by the Nominating and Compensation Committee when reviewing and assessing 2011 and 2012 executive compensation.
Due in part to the overwhelming support of our executive compensation programs by our stockholders, as well as the Committee’s overall assessment and analysis of the continued effectiveness of the current program design, we have maintained the structure and design of our executive compensation programs for 2012. We believe the mix of cash and equity compensation and the balance of short and long-term performance based compensation, have met the Committee’s incentive and retention objectives and encouraged achievement of tangible performance and strategic goals. The Committee will continue to align executive compensation programs with the interests of our stockholders and current market practice, including a continued emphasis on pay for performance.
Consistent with the preference expressed by our stockholders at our 2011 Annual Meeting, we have determined that our stockholders should have an opportunity to vote on executive compensation on an annual basis as a means to express their views regarding our executive compensation philosophy, our compensations policies and programs, and our decisions regarding executive compensation. Accordingly, our Board of Directors recommends that you vote FOR Proposal 2 at the Annual Meeting. For more information, see “Proposal 2, Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation” in this Proxy Statement.
In addition to our annual advisory vote on executive compensation, we remain committed to ongoing engagement with our stockholders throughout the year.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE NOMINATING AND COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Our Nominating and Compensation Committee is responsible for developing and implementing executive compensation policies that:
| • | | Link executive compensation to specific performance targets, including financial goals relating to revenue and profitability, technological advancements and business process improvements; |
| • | | Integrate executive compensation with Lionbridge’s annual and long-term strategic vision; |
| • | | Reward performance; and |
| • | | Recognize individual leadership and achievement. |
Our Nominating and Compensation Committee during fiscal year 2011 was comprised of Messrs. de Chazal, Kavanagh and Sheer, all of whom are non-employee directors as defined under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, satisfying the independence requirements of NASDAQ. Mr. Sheer serves as Chairman. In addition, each member of the Nominating and Compensation Committee is an “outside director” as defined in Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. Our Board of Directors and the Nominating and Compensation Committee Charter have vested responsibility for the review and administration of the Company’s compensation and equity plans, including Lionbridge’s 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and its 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, and for approving salaries and other incentive and retention compensation for Lionbridge’s officers and executives, with
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the Nominating and Compensation Committee. This Committee is also charged with assessing appropriate levels of risk with respect to our compensation policies. In addition, the Committee has responsibility for recommending nominees for election as directors of Lionbridge and reviewing related Board development issues including succession planning and evaluation.
The Committee is fully responsible for the evaluation and assessment of the Chief Executive Officer’s performance and compensation arrangements and, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer, annually evaluates and assesses the performance and compensation arrangements for the other Executive Officers: the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Sales Officer and the Senior Vice President, GLT. It is also responsible for the evaluation and assessment of performance and compensation arrangements for the Senior Vice President, Marketing and the Senior Vice President, Global Development and Testing (“GDT”) and Enterprise Crowdsourcing (“EC”), both of whom were designated Executive Officers on February 7, 2012.
The Committee has meetings on a quarterly basis, following each regularly scheduled Board of Director’s meeting and also meets periodically during the year as needed. At these meetings, the Committee identifies the types of performance it wishes to reward or motivate relative to the Company’s strategic objectives and structures elements of compensation accordingly. In addition, it establishes the specific metrics, discussed below, by which performance is to be measured. The Committee annually evaluates the achievement of these objectives. Before each meeting, the Committee is provided appropriate materials and information necessary to make informed decisions on the Company’s executive compensation practices. The Committee uses its judgment supported by facts and documentation in making compensation recommendations that support our philosophy and objectives.
During the first quarter of each year, the Committee reviews and adjusts, if appropriate, the four key elements of Lionbridge’s executive compensation programs:
| • | | Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation |
| • | | Annual Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation |
| • | | Long-Term Performance-based Compensation |
In any given year, the Committee may choose to alter or change the elements of compensation, and has the discretion to grant special awards of cash or equity in recognition of an extraordinary achievement or event involving the award recipient, or to reflect the effect of foreign currency volatility or other extraordinary events on achievement of performance. In 2010, the Committee added the Long-Term Performance-based Compensation component to provide a performance-based equity retention and incentive program for key executives in support of the Company’s strategic objectives and this component remained in place for 2011. From inception, Lionbridge has chosen to issue equity judiciously and in a manner to minimize dilution to existing shareholders.
PAY FOR PERFORMANCE AND “AT RISK” COMPENSATION
Approximately 70% of the total compensation for the Executive Officers listed in the Summary Compensation Table below is variable compensation, in the form of cash and equity awards, and accordingly is “at-risk”.The Committee added Long-Term Performance-based Compensation awards through LTIPs
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beginning in 2010 as it seeks to tie an increasing portion of compensation to attainment of specific financial performance attributes over a defined two-year period, and long-term performance in particular. The Committee has linked performance to both qualitative and quantitative performance metrics, including revenue and profitability over a defined period of time, and achievement of defined strategic or operating objectives, including technological advances and business process improvements. The Committee will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of these performance-based programs and will adjust them in the future as necessary to achieve their desired results of enhancing stockholder value.
The LTIP awards granted in February 2010 were tied to the achievement of revenue and profitability targets for 2010 and 2011. Evaluation of achievement of these targets took place in February 2012 following release of the Company’s 2011 earnings.With respect to the 2010 LTIP awards, 95.3% of the two-year revenue target was achieved and 94.5% of the two-year profitability target was achieved, resulting in the forfeiture of approximately 10.2% of the shares originally granted. Similarly, each Executive Officer received a reduced award under the MIP in 2011 reflecting the Company’s failure to reach the threshold for funding the profitability component of MIP (based on 2011 profitability) and while surpassing the funding threshold for revenue (based on 2011 revenue), not reaching the target for full funding of the revenue component. Based on 2011 performance, each Executive Officer received approximately 48% of his or her maximum potential award under the MIP, as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Executive Officer | | Target/Maximum Annual Bonus | | | Percentage Earned | | | Amount Awarded under the Plan | |
Rory Cowan | | $ | 900,000 | | | | 48 | % | | $ | 427,680 | |
Donald Muir | | $ | 270,000 | | | | 48 | % | | $ | 129,587 | |
Henri Broekmate | | $ | 225,000 | | | | 48 | % | | $ | 107,989 | |
Paula Shannon | | $ | 225,000 | | | | 48 | % | | $ | 107,989 | |
RISK CONSIDERATIONS IN LIONBRIDGE COMPENSATION POLICIES
The Committee has discussed the concept of risk at it relates to the Company’s compensation programs and annually assesses the risk profile of its compensation program to monitor whether any element of pay or policy encourages the assumption of inappropriate or unacceptable risk to the Company. To make this assessment, the Committee focuses on the several key areas of our program including: external market reference; pay mix; performance-based variable plans; selection of performance metrics; goal setting process; and checks and balances on the payment of compensation. This provides a process to ensure that an appropriate balance between prudent business risk and resulting compensation is maintained. The Committee believes the policies and rewards structure in place appropriately balance the creation of long-term value with shorter term positive results.
The Committee believes that a significant portion of total executive compensation should be performance-based; however, it does not believe that all compensation should be at risk or performance-based. The Committee seeks to design compensation programs that offer a balanced mix of fixed and performance-based compensation, in the form of a competitive base salary and a variety of cash and equity performance based compensation programs. Based on its assessment of the Company’s compensation programs, the Committee does not believe the Company’s compensation program encourages excessive or inappropriate risk taking for the following reasons:
| • | | Pay is a mix of both fixed and variable compensation. The fixed portion of compensation (base salary) is designed to provide a steady income regardless of stock price. The variable portion of compensation |
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| (annual MIP and equity) is designed to reward both short- and long-term corporate performance, determined based on multiple factors. Awards are made based on a review of a variety of indicators of performance, thus diversifying the risk associated with any single indicator of performance. |
| • | | Equity awards vest over multiple years, aligning the interests of Executive Officers to long-term stockholder interests and take into account the extreme volatility in our stock price. We use restricted stock awards more heavily than stock options for equity awards because restricted stock retains value even if the stock price declines so that employees are less likely to take unreasonable risks to get, or keep, options “in-the-money”. Assuming achievement of at least a minimum level of performance, payouts under our performance-based plans result in some compensation at levels below full target achievement, rather than an “all-or-nothing” approach. |
| • | | The majority of our performance-based programs weigh key metrics of revenue and profitability equally, providing a balanced approach to responsible and profitable growth. The emphasis in 2011 on long-term equity compensation further encourages responsible and sustainable achievement of defined objectives. |
| • | | Performance-based programs are subject to a maximum pay-out, which the Committee believes also mitigates excessive risk taking. Even if the Company dramatically exceeds a program’s goals, payouts are limited. Conversely, these programs are also subject to a minimum threshold for pay-out of each component and if that minimum threshold is not achieved, no pay-out is made. |
| • | | The Company, which has operations in 26 countries, has a strong ethical foundation and strict internal controls over its financial systems and the measurement and calculation of achievement of performance metrics designed to keep them from being susceptible to manipulation by any employee. This culture extends to all 26 Lionbridge sites and to each of our 4,500 employees. In addition, Lionbridge requires that all employees world-wide annually review and confirm compliance with the Company’s Code of Business Conduct, which covers among other things, accuracy of books and records used in determining the achievement of program goals. |
| • | | Performance-based compensation is subject to the Executive Compensation Recovery Policy, described on page 34. |
ENGAGEMENT OF INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT
The Committee, in accordance with its Charter, has authority to engage an independent compensation consultant and other professionals to assist it in evaluating executive compensation issues. The Committee has engaged an independent compensation consultant from time to time, including in conjunction with large-scale reviews of executive compensation programs or a significant change in corporate objectives. The Committee did not engage any independent compensation consultants in 2011.
OBJECTIVES OF LIONBRIDGE COMPENSATION PROGRAMS IN 2011
Based on a detailed review of the Company’s executive compensation programs, which are designed to align our compensation elements with the financial, strategic and operational goals and objectives of the Company, the Committee identified the following objectives for its executive compensation programs in 2011:
| • | | Motivate the executive management team to work collectively to achieve strategic objectives, including: |
| • | | Accelerating revenue growth among all lines of business through |
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| • | | increasing customer satisfaction and reducing customer concentration, |
| • | | maximizing growth opportunities in targeted areas, geographies and industries, |
| • | | deploying our scalable technology and process innovations, and |
| • | | expanding awareness of the breadth and range of our scalable technology and services capabilities and expertise among current and prospective customers. |
| • | | Utilizing our global operations and infrastructure as a foundation for expanding our service offerings to new and existing customers, including those outside of the information technology industry. |
| • | | Building on our long-term relationships with global enterprises. |
| • | | Focusing on improved profitability and stockholder value through technology deployment and business process innovations, including the use of cloud-based delivery and workforce solutions, the development of commercial offerings of Lionbridge’s proprietary language technologies and leveraging the use of language assets. |
| • | | Adjusting the cost structure and operating model to focus more deeply on higher value service delivery, reductions in worldwide expense of operations, particularly in higher-cost jurisdictions, and simplification of organizational processes and business systems. |
| • | | Accelerating technology development and deployment of our SaaS language technology platform, known as the GeoWorkz™ and related product offerings known as Translation Workspace™ and GeoFluent™ and enhancing customer, market and supply chain acceptance of these technologies. |
| • | | Investing in and improving the Company’s technology infrastructure and technology development. |
| • | | Increasing customer satisfaction and value by continually improving the quality and value of services through technology advances, business process improvements and the development of efficient, cost-effective and high-quality outsourced service delivery models. |
| • | | Continuing solid financial management, including effective cash management, management of the impact of fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates and aggressive management of procurement costs, operational expenses and collections, and fixed expenses such as real estate. |
| • | | Encourage each individual on the team to achieve specific corporate-wide, operational or functional and individual goals, including goals related to revenue growth, margin enhancement, profitability, technological innovation, cost and expense reduction and continued achievement of EBITDA. |
| • | | Reward Performance when defined corporate and individual objectives and stockholder value are achieved and correspondingly, provide lower compensation when performance is less successful. |
| • | | Retain the executive management team during the execution of strategic initiatives, product development, service expansion and technological initiatives intended to create long-term and sustainable stockholder value. |
| • | | Attract talent that will contribute to Lionbridge’s success. |
The Committee does not assign fixed percentages to the objectives above, however it does weigh each objective in relation to the operations or function for which each executive officer is responsible.The Committee
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has noted support of this program structure and design as evidenced by the strong endorsement from our stockholders in the “say on pay” advisory vote conducted at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders in May 2011.
In 2011, the Committee designed its executive compensation programs through the following four compensation elements as the means of attaining the, strategic, operational and financial objectives identified above:
| • | | Base Salary—a competitive base salary. |
| • | | Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation—through participation in the annual MIP Cash Incentive Plan. |
| • | | Annual Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation—annual equity grants that vest over time. |
| • | | Long-Term Performance-based Equity Compensation—LTIP Awards that vest upon achievement of performance metrics achieved within two years of grant. |
PEER GROUPS
In connection with its review of CEO compensation in mid-2010, the Committee’s independent compensation consultant, W.T. Haigh & Co, recommended a peer group of companies for consideration by the Committee. The Committee reviewed the recommendation and utilized the peer group in 2010 and 2011. The Committee reviewed that peer group for use in 2012 and determined that it would reflect the Company’s additional activities as a provider of SaaS-based technology and enterprise cloud-based community management solutions in addition to its traditional localization services if the peer group was expanded. In addition, the Committee noted that certain companies were no longer available for comparison purposes due to their acquisition. Accordingly, for 2012, the Committee added the following companies to the peer group: Aspen Technologies, Global Payments, Convergys, Inspirity, and Nuance. The Committee determined that this Peer Group is appropriate to utilize for external compensation comparisons for both the CEO and the Executive Officers as a group for 2012. Criteria used to select these companies include industry comparability, geographical scope, revenue size and market capitalization, and product/service comparability.
Applying these criteria to the peer group for fiscal year 2012, the peer group includes:
ACI Worldwide, Inc.
Aspen Technologies, Inc.
Computer Task Group Inc.
Convergys Corporation.
Digital River Inc.
Global Payments, Inc.
Inspirity, Inc.
Manhattan Associates Inc.
Mentor Graphics Corp.
Moduslink Global Solutions
Nuance Communications, Inc.
Progress Software Corp.
Sapient Corp.
Stream Global Services Inc.
Tibco Software Inc.
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ELEMENTS OF LIONBRIDGE EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PROGRAMS IN 2011
In addition to establishing a competitive base salary for executives, the Nominating and Compensation Committee uses a mix of short and long-term compensation vehicles to meet the Company’s compensation objectives.
Base Salary. Base salaries for Lionbridge’s executives are established based on the scope of their responsibilities, taking into account competitive market compensation for the industry and the geography. Base salaries are reviewed annually, generally in the first quarter of each year, although they are not necessarily adjusted annually. No base salary adjustments were made to any of the Executive Officers in 2011. However, the base salary of the CEO was increased by $60,000 in February 2012 to more closely align his base salary to that of other CEOs in the Peer Group and to better meet Committee’s objective of providing a competitive base salary, as well as support the retention objectives of the Company’s compensation programs.
Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation—Management Incentive Plan. Short-term performance-based incentive compensation was provided through the annual MIP. The MIP provides each executive officer with the potential to earn a cash incentive upon attainment of performance metrics related to revenue and profitability, as well as personal objectives.
MIP. Under the annual MIP Cash Incentive Plan, each executive is eligible to receive a cash award (“Target Incentive Compensation”) based upon a pre-determined percent of base salary upon achievement by Lionbridge of identified corporate-wide objectives relating to:
| • | | Attainment of objectives specifically related to the operations or function for which such Executive Officer is responsible. |
No payout under the Profitability component of annual MIP is made unless Profitability is at least 86% of the agreed upon Target and no payout under the Revenue component of annual MIP is made unless Revenue is at least 95% of the agreed upon Target (the “Minimum Thresholds”). If actual results show that the Target for any of the three components is exceeded, the bonus opportunity is increased proportionately up to a maximum of 125% of such individual’s target bonus. If actual results show that the Target for any of the three components is not achieved, but is above the applicable Minimum Threshold, the bonus opportunity will be reduced proportionately to 50% of each individual’s target bonus. Each individual’s target bonus opportunity is set at a percent of his or her base salary.
Target Incentive Compensation levels were reviewed by the Committee in 2011 and existing levels were maintained for all Executive Officers. Target Incentive Compensation is designed to reward achievement of performance objectives and provide a tangible incentive towards such achievement.
Under the terms of the 2011 MIP, a participating Executive Officer was entitled to his or her target bonus based on achievement of each performance metric targets relating to Profitability, Revenue and Personal Objectives (the “Target”). Each individual’s target bonus opportunity was set at a percentage of his or her base salary.
2011 MIP Performance Targets of Revenue, Profitability and Personal Objectives. The Committee, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer, annually establishes the performance objectives and funding
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thresholds for the MIP. Performance thresholds for 2011 were based on achievement of pre-established Profitability, Revenue and Personal Objectives targets. The Committee has the discretion to interpret the annual MIP as necessary to ensure that the underlying purposes of the annual MIP are met and to make adjustments to reflect the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and other extraordinary events. Under the 2011 MIP, Executive Officers were eligible to receive a cash bonus, calculated based on a specified percent of their respective 2011 base salaries, upon achievement of each of the following three equally weighted performance metrics:
| • | | Achievement of internal revenue targets for the year ending December 31, 2011 (1/3) |
| • | | Achievement of identified Lionbridge internal profitability targets for the year ending December 31, 2011 (1/3) |
| • | | Achievement of identified personal objectives (1/3). |
The pre-established Revenue and Profitability targets and the threshold achievement for payment of such targets for the MIP in 2011 were as follows:
| • | | Revenue Target (adjusted for currency): $435 Million. The threshold for payment of this component was achievement of at least 80% of the Revenue Target, or $419.5 Million. |
| • | | Profitability Target (adjusted for currency): $32.5 Million, based on the Company’s earnings before interest, taxes depreciation, amortization, restructuring costs, stock based compensation charges and other one-time events. The threshold for payment of this component was achievement of at least 86% of the Profitability Target, or $29 Million. |
When establishing the 2011 Revenue and Profitability Targets, the Committee set thresholds at a level above budget targets for the year in order to reward performance that exceeded budget.
The Personal Objective component of annual MIP was established by the Committee for each Executive Officer during the first quarter of 2011. In doing so, the Committee established personal objectives for each Executive Officer, considering the overall objectives of the Company’s compensation programs as described above under “Objectives of Lionbridge Compensation Programs in 2011” and by identifying specific factors related to the operational unit or functional areas for which each such Executive Officer is responsible. The Committee establishes goals that are aggressive and require substantial effort and focus for attainment to ensure steady progress toward the achievement of the Company’s long-term strategic goals and transformation.
The specific objectives for each Executive Officer were identified as follows:
| • | | Senior Vice President, GLT: Achievement of internal product line revenue and profitability targets; customer satisfaction; business process improvements; enhanced cost containment; cash management and collection activities; conclusion of multi-year restructuring initiative; migration of production to global delivery centers and accelerated use and adoption of technology. |
| • | | Chief Financial Officer: Improved cash management and forecasting, deployment of effective strategies to manage foreign currency exchange rate volatility, inter-company costs and worldwide tax exposures, and rationalization of real estate portfolio. |
| • | | Chief Sales Officer: Acceleration of revenue growth, particularly in certain identified markets; enhanced sales training and sales metrics; development and enhancement of cross-product line sales strategies; and design and management of an efficient and effective sales incentive compensation program. |
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| • | | Chief Executive Officer: Overall responsibility for achievement of internal revenue and profitability targets; enhanced cost containment, cash management and collection activities; acceleration of deployment of commercial technology offerings; and execution of the Company’s long-term strategies to improve stockholder value. |
Determination of Achievement of Revenue and Profitability Components under the 2011 MIP. Shortly after the end of 2011, the Nominating and Compensation Committee determined that the Minimum Threshold related to funding the Revenue component of the 2011 MIP was achieved, following adjustment of the Target to reflect the effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuation in the year, but that the Minimum Threshold related to funding the Profitability component of the 2011 MIP was not achieved. Based on this adjustment of the Revenue Component, the Committee determined that the Company had attained 98% of the Revenue Component which resulted in a funding level of 80%. Accordingly, each Executive Officer participating in the 2011 MIP received amounts related to achievement of component of the annual MIP related to Revenue reflecting the Revenue Target multiplied by 80%, and did not receive any amounts related to the Profitability component.
Determination of Achievement of Personal Objectives Targets under the 2011 MIP. When the Committee determines whether the Revenue and Profitability Targets have been met, it assesses the extent to which each Executive Officer has achieved the previously established Personal Objective component. The Committee bases its determination on quantitative and qualitative factors, as some metrics are based on financial or other quantitative performance, while others are based on qualitative assessments of performance by the Committee and the Chief Executive Officer. As noted above, the Committee has established very high expectations for attainment of Personal Objectives and does not expect that every objective will be fully met each year. Rather, the Committee assesses progress toward the long-term strategic goals. Accordingly, less than full attainment of the Personal Objective component merely indicates that not all of the Personal Objectives were fully met, although many may have been met in whole or in part. The Committee was pleased to conclude that each Executive Officer achieved his or her Personal Objectives in 2011.
The Personal Objective component of awards made to each Executive Officer reflect complete attainment, based on the Committee’s determination of the level of achievement of each Executive Officer of his or her Personal Objectives as established by the Committee at the beginning of 2011. In making these determinations, the Committee noted the implementation of significant operating and sales efficiencies and high customer satisfaction, the integration of the Company’s technology offerings with its traditional service offerings; and the expansion of the Company’s range of solutions, capabilities and expertise. The Committee also noted organization design changes implemented during the year, including the addition of key senior talent, which resulted in tangible improvements to the ability to execute against its strategic vision.
On February 1, 2012, the Nominating and Compensation Committee awarded Henri Broekmate, Senior Vice President, GLT, a special cash bonus in the amount of $32,396 in recognition of his achievements and contributions in 2011 that extended beyond the GLT product line. More specifically, the Committee rewarded Mr. Broekmate for his leading a Company-wide Lean Six Sigma program which resulted in significant operational efficiencies and customer service enhancements among all product lines and functions in the Company without disruption to service quality.
Long-term Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation. The Committee uses equity awards as its primary long-term compensation vehicle. In 2011, the Committee continued its practice of awarding Executive Officers and other key employees equity consisting of stock options and restricted stock or restricted stock units,
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with vesting generally occurring over four years. Lionbridge’s equity plans, which have been approved by the Company’s stockholders, require that stock options be granted at an exercise price of at least fair market value on the date of grant.
Annual equity awards are typically made by the Committee during the first quarter of each year. In January 2011, the Committee granted each Executive Officer shares of restricted stock and stock options, each of which vest over a four-year period. In addition, consistent with its objective of increasing the amount of long-term performance based compensation, the Committee granted each Executive Officer an LTIP—shares of restricted stock with restrictions that lapse upon achievement of specified revenue and profitability targets within two years from the date of grant. The Committee authorized these grants with the expectation that future payouts with respect to these awards will reward the contributions made by the executives during 2011 and the years to come to strengthen the Company and its future stock price performance, consistent with stockholder gains.
The Committee believes that equity incentives, in the form of restricted stock awards and stock options with vesting over time and others upon achievement of performance objectives, are an effective vehicle for the long-term element of compensation, as these align individual and team performance with the achievement of the Company’s strategic and financial goals over time, and with stockholders’ interests. The Committee generally provides a mix of restricted stock grants and stock option awards. These two equity vehicles reward stockholder value creation in slightly different ways. Stock options, which have exercise prices of at least fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant, reward Executive Officers only if the stock price increases from the date of grant. Restricted Stock awards are impacted by all stock price changes, so the value to the Executive Officers is affected by both increases and decreases in stock price from the market price at the date of grant.
During 2011, approximately 80% of the total value of long-term equity compensation awards granted in 2011 was in the form of restricted stock, with stock options accounting for the remaining value. The Committee established this allocation in order to weight equity incentives more towards the type of award that reflects both increases and decreases in stock price from the grant date market price as a way of tying compensation more closely to changes in stockholder value at all levels. Approximately 20% of 2011 restricted stock grants (the LTIP) vest only upon achievement of performance metrics related to long-term revenue and profitability growth. In determining this allocation, the Committee also considered the considerable “at risk” long-term performance compensation granted in 2010, notably the 2010 LTIP and Special Incentive Awards, each of which vest if performance metrics are met in 2012 and 2013. In addition, the weighting toward restricted stock allows the Committee to deliver equivalent value with less use of authorized shares. The Committee may in the future adjust this mix of award types or approve different award types, as part of the overall incentive award.
The term of stock options granted under the Company’s equity plans is generally 7 to 10 years. The Committee reviews the term of stock options from time to time prior to grant.
2012 COMPENSATION OBJECTIVES
In January 2012, the Committee reviewed its compensation objectives and concluded that it would continue to base Executive Compensation on the four elements utilized in 2011—Base Salary, Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation (MIP Annual Cash Incentive Plan), Annual Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation and Long-Term Performance-based Compensation.This decision was based in recognition of the strong support our stockholders gave our executive compensation programs in the “say on pay” advisory vote conducted at our 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
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2012 MIP. In January 2012, the Committee established performance thresholds for the MIP Annual Cash Incentive Plan in 2012, which are substantially similar in focus and structure to those established in 2011. The 2012 MIP is based on achievement of pre-established Profitability, Revenue, and Personal Objective targets. Executive Officers of Lionbridge are eligible to receive a cash bonus, calculated based on a specified percent of their respective 2012 base salary, upon achievement of each of the following three equally weighted performance targets. The Personal Objectives established for 2012 again reflect the Committee’s philosophy of setting high expectations of performance in order to accelerate the Company’s strategic transformation.
| • | | Achievement of internal revenue targets for the year ending December 31, 2012 (1/3) |
| • | | Achievement of identified Lionbridge internal profitability metrics for the year ending December 31, 2012, (1/3); and |
| • | | Achievement of identified personal objectives, which in the case of Executive Officers with operational responsibility, are tied to performance relative to those operations and in the case of Executive Officers with functional responsibilities, are tied to performance relative to that particular function (1/3). |
The Personal Objectives established for each Executive Officer for 2012 are as follows:
| • | | Chief Executive Officer: Implementation of organizational design changes to align with strategic direction and market opportunities; overall responsibility for achievement of internal revenue and profitability targets; enhanced cost containment, cash management and collection activities; acceleration of deployment of commercial technology and crowdsourcing offerings and cross product line opportunities; and execution of the Company’s long-term strategies to improve shareholder value. |
| • | | Chief Financial Officer: Improvements to financial systems, processes and structures to align with strategic and business priorities and enhance operational efficiencies; deployment of effective strategies to manage foreign currency exchange rate volatility, inter-company costs and world-wide tax exposures; and rationalization of real estate portfolio. |
| • | | Senior Vice President, GLT: Evaluation and improvement of organizational structure and delivery platforms within product lines to maximize operational efficiencies and innovation; effective evaluation, training and deployment of worldwide and subject matter resources; improvements in customer satisfaction, business process improvements, cost and expense efficiencies; acceleration of migration of production to global delivery centers and centers of excellence for particular verticals or industries; accelerated use and adoption of technology in all lines of business and production; development and assessment of complementary strategic offerings; and achievement of internal product line revenue and profitability targets. |
| • | | Chief Sales Officer: Achievement of revenue growth, particularly in certain identified markets, industries and geographies; recruitment and retention of sales resources with skills, experience and talent aligned with the Company’s strategic and business priorities in general and technology products in particular; enhanced sales training and sales metrics; development, enhancement and execution of cross-product line sales strategies; and design and management of an efficient and effective sales incentive compensation program. |
| • | | Senior Vice President, GDT and EC: Achievement of internal product line revenue and profitability targets; refinement of product offerings and operational capabilities; alignment of organizational design and personnel with operational goals; evaluation and improvement of |
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| organizational structure and delivery platforms; acceleration of cloud-based worker offerings; improvements in customer satisfaction, business process improvements, cost and expense efficiencies; acceleration of migration of production to global delivery centers. |
| • | | Senior Vice President, Marketing: Development and deployment of a comprehensive global corporate marketing strategy; development and deployment of marketing strategies for each product line and vertical; identification and development of new product offering strategies that contribute to the Company’s profitability and revenue objectives, including global web operations and global marketing operations; development and deployment of internal marketing operations to support the sales organizations of each product line and vertical and contribute to the Company’s profitability and revenue objectives. |
Under the terms of the 2012 MIP, a participating Executive Officer will receive his or her target bonus based on achievement of each equally rated performance metric target. If actual results show that the Target for any of the three components is exceeded, the bonus opportunity will be increased proportionately up to a maximum of 125% of such individual’s target bonus in the case of the Revenue component and up to a maximum of 130% of such individual’s target bonus in the case of the Profitability component. If actual results show that the Target for any of the three components is not achieved, but is above a pre-determined minimum threshold, the bonus opportunity will be reduced proportionately to 50% of each individual’s target bonus. Each individual’s target bonus opportunity is set at a percent of his or her base salary.
The Committee believes that the thresholds are attainable but will require focused execution by the executive team and the Company of its strategic goals and objectives.
Equity-based Incentive and Retention Compensation. In January 2012, the Committee granted restricted stock and stock options to the Executive Officers. These equity grants vest over 4 years and the stock options have a term of 10 years. All stock options have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Committee continues to believe that equity grants that vest over time are an effective incentive and retention vehicle for the Executive Officers.
Long-term Performance-based Compensation. As discussed above, in 2012, the Committee granted LTIP Awards in addition to the traditional stock and option awards. The LTIP Award is designed to provide an incentive for the achievement of specific, identified long-term objectives related to revenue and profitability growth during the two year period following grant. If these objectives are not attained, the Executive Officer’s shares will be forfeited to the Company. As noted above, a portion of shares granted under the 2010 LTIP were forfeited when the Company failed to fully achieve the profitability target required for full vesting.
EQUITY GRANT PRACTICES
The Nominating and Compensation Committee is required to approve all equity grants, including those to the Executive Officers and other key employees of the Company. Generally, equity awards are made on an annual basis to Executive Officers and key employees during the first quarter of each year, at either a special meeting or a regular quarterly meeting. Grants to newly hired employees are either made on the date the employee commences employment or at the next regularly scheduled Committee meeting. All awards are approved by the Committee and grants are made with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
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Grant guidelines have been established by the Company for various tiers or categories of employees and have been reviewed and approved by the Committee with respect to guidelines applicable to Executive Officers. The Committee annually examines both the size of proposed grants to key employees generally and to the executive management team in particular, and the applicable vesting schedule for such grants. Recommendations for equity grants to Executive Officers and key employees are presented to the Committee by the Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President of Human Resources in accordance with the grant guidelines, and as appropriate, in consultation with the individuals’ managers. Grants to any particular individual, including any Executive Officer, are made following review of the individual’s existing overall cash and equity compensation, including an assessment of the retention and incentive value of existing equity awards, and an assessment of the retention and incentive objectives of the Company. As part of this evaluation, the Committee reviews tally sheets which show the executive’s compensation, including the value of equity and cash incentive compensation. In addition, the Committee also considers the amount of equity overhang, dilution, accounting treatment under FAS 123R and other financial accounting standards and regulations, and tax implications, particularly with respect to Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Committee may delegate to the Chief Executive Officer authority to make or allocate equity awards to employees who are not Executive Officers.
The Company has never granted options at a price other than the fair market value of Lionbridge Common Stock on the date of grant. The Company has conducted an examination of books and records of the Company and no evidence of option backdating was found to exist. The Company’s independent auditors reviewed this examination and concurred with these conclusions.
CEO COMPENSATION
The Committee annually reviews the overall compensation package provided to the Chief Executive Officer, including a review of the key compensation elements of base salary, short- and long-term incentive compensation, annual equity-based incentive and retention compensation and long-term performance-based equity, to ensure that it is competitive, provides an appropriate incentive for performance achievement consistent with Company goals, objectives and strategies, and maintains its retention value over time. In 2011, the Committee reviewed Mr. Cowan’s compensation, but did not make any adjustments to any component of his compensation. In January 2012, the Committee took action to increase Mr. Cowan’s base compensation from $600,000 to $660,000. Mr. Cowan’s base salary had not been adjusted since 2010.
In making these adjustments in 2012 to Mr. Cowan’s compensation, the Committee reviewed the components of Mr. Cowan’s compensation against those of CEOs in the Peer Group. Through this analysis, the Committee determined that Mr. Cowan’s total direct compensation (comprised of base salary, cash incentive compensation and equity) was in the lower half of the total direct compensation of CEOs in the Peer Group. In examining the components of Mr. Cowan’s compensation, the Committee noted that Mr. Cowan’s base salary and bonus opportunity were just below the median for the Peer Group and sought to bring the base salary component closer to the median. Accordingly, the Committee determined that a modest increase in base salary and continued performance based equity grant would provide a more effective, appropriate and competitive overall compensation package.
Mr. Cowan’s terms of employment are governed by an Employment Agreement entered into in September 2006. The Employment Agreement provides Mr. Cowan with certain levels of salary and benefit continuation following termination of employment for specified reasons, including upon a change of control. If Mr. Cowan’s
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employment is terminated without cause or for good reason within six months prior to or two years following a change of control of Lionbridge (a “double trigger”), then Mr. Cowan is entitled to severance benefits as follows: (a) a lump sum cash payment equal to 200% of his then current base salary and Target Incentive Compensation; (b) payment of a pro rata portion of his Target Incentive Compensation for the year of termination; and (c) continuance, at Lionbridge’s expense, of the executive’s health and related welfare benefits for a period of 24 months following termination. In addition, upon a change of control, unvested stock options and restricted stock awards will become fully vested. The Committee determined that the terms of the Employment Agreement reflected an appropriate level of compensation for a chief executive officer leading a company of Lionbridge’s current size and complexity.
POST-TERMINATION AND CHANGE OF CONTROL
In addition to Mr. Cowan’s Employment Agreement described above which addresses CEO compensation upon termination of employment or change of control, the Committee has adopted the following additional policies and plans relating to compensation to the remaining members of the executive team upon termination of employment or change of control. Mr. Cowan is the only Executive Officer with an Employment Agreement. The Company does not provide retirement benefits or a retirement plan.
Severance Benefits. In 2008, the Committee revised the Lionbridge Severance Policy for Executive Officers to increase the benefits payable upon a termination other than for cause from three months to six months of base salary continuation, plus continuation of health and welfare benefits for that six-month period. Mr. Broekmate and Ms. Shannon, under the Lionbridge Severance Policy for Executive Officers, would receive six monthly severance payments, each in an amount equal to his or her then currently monthly base compensation, if Lionbridge terminates his or her employment other than for cause, and health benefit continuation for such period. Under the terms of his offer letter, Mr. Muir is entitled to receive base salary continuation payments for a period of twelve months if he is terminated without cause.
Non-Competition Agreements. Each Executive Officer has entered into a non-competition agreement with Lionbridge upon the commencement of his or her employment. The agreements provide that such Executive Officer will not, during the course of his or her employment and the twelve months following the date of the termination of his or her employment with Lionbridge, (1) engage or otherwise have a financial interest in any business activity which is in competition with any of the products or services being provided by Lionbridge, (2) solicit Lionbridge’s employees, or (3) solicit or do business with any present or past customer of Lionbridge’s, or any prospective customer of Lionbridge’s, in connection with any business activity which would be in violation of the non-competition agreement. Mr. Cowan’s non-competition arrangements are reflected in his Employment Agreement.
Change of Control Plan. The Company’s Change of Control Plan is designed to protect executives against the loss of their positions following a transaction that involves a change in the ownership or control of the Company, and against loss of the anticipated benefits of their long-term incentive compensation arrangements. The goal of the Change of Control Plan and the related arrangements is to allow the Executive Officers to focus on evaluating strategic opportunities on their merits without being distracted by concerns about the impact of such events on their personal positions. The Change of Control Plan was amended and restated in 2008 to incorporate technical modifications related to compliance with newly issued regulations under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.
Under the terms of the Change of Control Plan, if the employment of any Executive Officer, other than the CEO, is terminated without cause or for good reason within 18 months following a change of control of
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Lionbridge (a “double trigger”), then the Executive Officer is entitled to severance benefits as follows: (a) a lump sum cash payment equal to 150% of the executive’s then current base salary and Target Incentive Compensation; (b) payment of a pro rata portion of the executive’s Target Incentive Compensation for the year of termination; and (c) continuance, at Lionbridge’s expense, of the executive’s health and related welfare benefits for a period of 18 months following the executive’s termination. The Change of Control Plan also provides that, upon a change of control of Lionbridge, (i) 50% of any unvested stock options held by an Executive Officer shall vest and become immediately exercisable and (ii) the remaining 50% of the unvested stock options held by the Executive Officer will vest and become exercisable on the earlier of six months following the change of control or on the date such executive’s employment is terminated without cause or for good reason.
Each Executive Officer, except for Mr. Cowan, has entered into a Change of Control Agreement with the Company with respect to such officer’s rights and obligations under the Change of Control Plan. Mr. Cowan is not a participant under the Change of Control Plan as his benefits upon a change of control of the Company are determined by his Employment Agreement.
Executive Compensation Recovery Policy. In 2010, the Committee adopted an Executive Compensation Recovery Policy with respect to all performance-based awards, including annual MIP awards, made to Executive Officers and other designated executives, relating to recoupment or forfeiture in the event the Company’s financial results are subject of a restatement (other than a restatement for a change in accounting policies) where the restatement results in a material impact on the financial statements; or in the event of fraud or misconduct that results in inflated performance based incentive compensation. This Policy would apply, at the Board’s discretion, to the individuals responsible for the misconduct and, in the case of a restatement of financial statements, to all executives whose incentive compensation was affected by the restatement.
Perquisites and Other Benefits. During 2011, Lionbridge did not provide any additional perquisites or benefits to its executives that it did not otherwise provide to its employees generally, other than as described below. Ms. Shannon, a resident of Canada, is not eligible to participate in the Lionbridge 401(k) Plan or certain other benefits available to U.S. employees generally. In lieu thereof, Lionbridge provides Ms. Shannon with life, accidental death and disability insurance, long-term disability insurance and makes an annual contribution to her pension. In addition, she receives reimbursement from Lionbridge for tax preparation services and a car allowance. Executive Officers receive an executive medical benefit consisting of a physical examination at a leading medical facility. Lionbridge provides to the Executive Officers and approximately 20 additional key employees a long-term care base plan, enhanced long-term disability coverage and an enhanced life insurance plan. The long-term care plan is an optional benefit to all other employees at their cost. In addition, long term disability coverage for the Executive Officers and the designated key employees will be enhanced to provide for a benefit of up to 70% of the participant’s base salary. The enhanced life insurance plan provides the Executive Officers with a life insurance benefit of three times annual base salary, up to a maximum $1.2 million per individual.
ACCOUNTING AND TAX IMPLICATIONS OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, disallows a tax deduction to public companies for certain compensation in excess of $1,000,000 paid to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the four other most highly compensated Executive Officers. Certain performance-based compensation approved by the Company’s stockholders, including option grants under the Company’s stock incentive plan, is not subject to the deduction limit. The Company reviews periodically the potential consequences of Section 162(m), and in the future may decide to structure the performance-based portion of its Executive Officer compensation to
34
comply with certain exemptions provided in Section 162(m). However, to maintain flexibility in compensating Executive Officers in a manner designed to achieve varying corporate goals, the Compensation Committee currently does not have a policy that all compensation must be deductible.
Compensation Committee Report
The Nominating and Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis contained in this Proxy Statement. Based on its review of, and the discussions with management with respect to, the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the Nominating and Compensation Committee recommended to the Board and the Board has agreed that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A.
Claude Sheer (Chairperson)
Guy L. de Chazal
Paul Kavanagh
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following table contains certain information about the compensation that our Executive Officers earned in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009.
Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Years 2011, 2010 and 2009
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name and Principal Position | | Year | | | Salary1 ($) | | | Bonus ($) | | | Stock Awards2 ($) | | | Option Awards2 ($) | | | Non-Equity3 Incentive Plan Compensation ($) | | | All Other Compensation4 ($) | | | Total ($) | |
Rory J. Cowan, | | | 2011 | | | $ | 600,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,221,484 | | | $ | 184,656 | | | $ | 427,680 | | | $ | 20,542 | | | $ | 2,454,362 | |
Chairman, Chief | | | 2010 | | | $ | 574,423 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 1,472,700 | | | $ | 107,481 | | | $ | 571,142 | | | $ | 24,861 | | | $ | 2,750,607 | |
Executive Officer and | | | 2009 | | | $ | 550,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 414,745 | | | $ | 60,465 | | | $ | 453,750 | | | $ | 21,290 | | | $ | 1,500,250 | |
President (Principal Executive Officer) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir, | | | 2011 | | | $ | 354,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 698,717 | | | $ | 109,640 | | | $ | 129,587 | | | $ | 15,306 | | | $ | 1,307,250 | |
Chief Financial Officer and | | | 2010 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 664,200 | | | $ | 53,740 | | | $ | 170,382 | | | $ | 16,009 | | | $ | 1,204,331 | |
Senior Vice President | | | 2009 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 182,008 | | | $ | 25,581 | | | $ | 135,000 | | | $ | 13,179 | | | $ | 655,768 | |
(Principal Financial Officer) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate, | | | 2011 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 32,396 | | | $ | 649,842 | | | $ | 92,328 | | | $ | 107,989 | | | $ | 17,913 | | | $ | 1,200,468 | |
Senior Vice President, GLT | | | 2010 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 664,200 | | | $ | 53,740 | | | $ | 140,385 | | | $ | 19,064 | | | $ | 1,177,389 | |
| | | 2009 | | | $ | 267,308 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 150,973 | | | $ | 19,918 | | | $ | 139,250 | | | $ | 14,176 | | | $ | 591,625 | |
Paula Shannon, | | | 2011 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 610,742 | | | $ | 92,328 | | | $ | 107,989 | | | $ | 21,582 | | | $ | 1,132,641 | |
Chief Sales Officer and | | | 2010 | | | $ | 300,000 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 664,200 | | | $ | 53,740 | | | $ | 140,385 | | | $ | 20,665 | | | $ | 1,178,990 | |
Senior Vice President | | | 2009 | | | $ | 267,308 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 150,973 | | | $ | 19,918 | | | $ | 139,250 | | | $ | 18,959 | | | $ | 596,408 | |
FOOTNOTES
(1) | Effective November 1, 2009, Mr. Broekmate’s and Ms. Shannon’s base salaries were increased to $300,000. Effective August 1, 2010, Mr. Cowan’s base salary was increased from $550,000 to $600,000. |
(2) | Without taking into account the impact of the forfeiture rate relating to service based vesting conditions, these amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock, restricted stock unit and option awards for fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the Executive Officer for these awards during fiscal years 2011, 2010, or 2009. The value as of the grant date for stock options and restricted stock awards is recognized over the number of days of service required for the grant to become vested. A portion of the amounts reported under the “Stock Awards” column represent Long-Term Incentive Performance Awards (LTIP Awards) and the special one-time Retention Grant that will not vest unless or until revenue and/or profitability targets are met in 2012 and 2013. |
(3) | Cash award earned for 2011 performance under the Lionbridge Management Incentive Plan and paid during 2012. |
(4) | Includes $2,250 for each of Messrs. Cowan, Muir and Broekmate as a Lionbridge match of 401(k) contributions, and for each executive other than Ms. Shannon, includes the value of employer-provided health and welfare benefits. Ms. Shannon, a resident of Canada, is not eligible to participate in the 401(k) program and does not receive health or welfare benefits from Lionbridge. In lieu thereof, she receives life insurance, accidental death and disability insurance, long-term disability insurance and an annual pension contribution in the aggregate amount reported as “All Other Compensation.” |
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Grants of Plan-Based Awards in the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011
The following table shows all awards granted to each of our Executive Officers during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.
Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2011
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name | | Grant Date and Date of Corporate Action | | | Estimated Future Payouts under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards(1) | | | Estimated Future Payouts under Equity Incentive Plan Awards(4) | | | All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Units (#) | | | All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options (#) | | | Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh)(2) | | | Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards(3) | |
| | Threshold ($) | | | Target ($) | | | Maximum ($) | | | Threshold (#) | | | Target (#) | | | Maximum (#) | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | $ | 184,656 | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 240,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 938,400 | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | | | | 80,000 | | | | 80,000 | | | | 80,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 283,084 | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 01/28/2011 | | | $ | 360,000 | | | $ | 720,000 | | | $ | 750,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 47,500 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | $ | 109,640 | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 142,500 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 557,175 | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 141,542 | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 01/28/2011 | | | $ | 106,200 | | | $ | 212,400 | | | $ | 442,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | $ | 92,328 | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 130,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 508,300 | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 141,542 | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 01/28/2011 | | | $ | 90,000 | | | $ | 180,000 | | | $ | 375,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | $ | 92,328 | |
Paula Shannon | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 120,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 469,200 | |
Paula Shannon | | | 01/28/2011 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 141,542 | |
Paula Shannon | | | 01/28/2011 | | | $ | 90,000 | | | $ | 180,000 | | | $ | 375,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
FOOTNOTES:
(1) | The amounts shown in the “Estimated Future Payouts under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards” column, subcolumn “Threshold,” reflect the minimum payout level (50%) under the Lionbridge Management Incentive Plan for 2011. The amounts shown in the subcolumn of “Target” reflect 100% of such Executive’s target bonus opportunity, and the amounts shown in the subcolumn of “Maximum” reflect 125% of such Executive’s target bonus opportunity, an amount that would have been payable had the Company exceeded the Target by 125% or more. These amounts are based on the Executive Officer’s base salary and target bonus opportunity for 2011, as further described in the section titled “Annual Cash-based Incentive Compensation” in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. Actual payouts made to Executive Officers for 2011 performance under the Lionbridge Management Incentive Plan are shown in the Summary Compensation Table in the column entitled “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation.” |
(2) | The exercise price of all stock options granted under any Lionbridge equity plan is equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of grant. |
(3) | Without taking into account the impact of the forfeiture rate relating to service based vesting conditions, these amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock, restricted stock unit and option awards for fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the Executive Officer for these awards during fiscal years 2011, 2010 or 2009. The value as of the grant date for stock options and restricted stock awards is recognized over the number of days of service required for the grant to become vested. The actual value of the Stock and Option Awards as of December 31, 2011 is described in the table “Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards at Year End.” |
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(4) | Equity awards reflected in these columns will not vest unless or until revenue and/or profitability targets are met in 2013. The number of shares reported in the “Target” and “Maximum” columns reflect the maximum number of shares that would vest if the applicable performance targets are met. If the applicable minimum threshold is attained, 50% of the shares granted would vest and the actual number of shares that would vest increases proportionately up to 100% based on percentage attained above the minimum threshold. |
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Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2011
The following table sets forth information with respect to outstanding stock options and stock awards held by our Executive Officers as of December 31, 2011.
Outstanding Equity Awards At December 31, 2011
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Option Awards1 | | | Stock Awards2 | |
Name | | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable | | | Number of Securities Underlying Options (#) Unexercisable | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) | | | Option Exercise Price ($) | | | Option Expiration Date | | | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#) | | | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested(5) ($) | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards:. Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested(5) ($) | |
Rory J. Cowan (total) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 592,500 | | | $ | 1,356,825 | | | | 510,000 | | | $ | 1,167,900 | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/25/2012 | | | | 50,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 200,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.74 | | | | 02/15/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 100,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.56 | | | | 07/22/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 100,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.84 | | | | 10/15/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 150,000 | 4 | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | 4 | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2013 | | | | 43,875 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 05/14/2013 | | | | 78,625 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 100,000 | 3 | | $ | 7.61 | | | | 09/19/2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 200,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 9.82 | | | | 11/21/2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2014 | | | | 180,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/31/2015 | | | | 240,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 125,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.79 | | | | 02/16/2015 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 100,000 | 3 | | $ | 7.61 | | | | 09/19/2015 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 18,281 | | | | 10,969 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.68 | | | | 01/05/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 17,875 | | | | 17,875 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.70 | | | | 05/14/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 09/19/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | 200,000 | 3 | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 30,000 | | | | 50,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 2.32 | | | | 01/28/2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 52,500 | | | | 7,500 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.07 | | | | 01/25/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 80,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | | 01/28/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 02/05/2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | 80,000 | 4 | | | | |
Donald M. Muir (total) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 286,251 | | | $ | 655,515 | | | | 140,000 | | | $ | 320,600 | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 160,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.64 | | | | 09/17/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 4 | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2013 | | | | 18,563 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 05/14/2013 | | | | 35,188 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2014 | | | | 90,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/31/2015 | | | | 142,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 7,734 | | | | 4,641 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.68 | | | | 01/05/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 7,562 | | | | 7,563 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.70 | | | | 05/14/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 15,000 | | | | 25,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 2.32 | | | | 01/28/2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 47,500 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | | 01/28/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 02/05/2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Option Awards1 | | | Stock Awards2 | |
Name | | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable | | | Number of Securities Underlying Options (#) Unexercisable | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) | | | Option Exercise Price ($) | | | Option Expiration Date | | | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#) | | | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested(5) ($) | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards:. Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) | | | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested(5) ($) | |
Henri Broekmate (total) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 284,563 | | | $ | 651,649 | | | | 140,000 | | | $ | 320,600 | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/25/2012 | | | | 15,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 66,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.74 | | | | 02/15/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 11/03/2012 | | | | 5,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 4 | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2013 | | | | 13,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 05/14/2013 | | | | 31,063 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 25,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 9.82 | | | | 11/21/2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2014 | | | | 90,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/31/2015 | | | | 130,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 35,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.79 | | | | 02/16/2015 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 3,375 | | | | 3,375 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.68 | | | | 01/05/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 3,094 | | | | 6,188 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.70 | | | | 05/14/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 15,000 | | | | 25,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 2.32 | | | | 01/28/2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 7,500 | | | | 2,500 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.07 | | | | 01/25/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | | 01/28/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 02/05/2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
Paula Shannon (total) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 272,063 | | | $ | 623,024 | | | | 140,000 | | | $ | 320,600 | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/25/2012 | | | | 15,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 66,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.74 | | | | 02/15/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 47,500 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.56 | | | | 07/22/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 42,500 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.84 | | | | 10/15/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 11/03/2012 | | | | 2,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 60,000 | 4 | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 12/31/2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2013 | | | | 13,500 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 05/14/2013 | | | | 31,063 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 80,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 9.82 | | | | 11/21/2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/30/2014 | | | | 90,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 01/31/2015 | | | | 120,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 50,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 5.79 | | | | 02/16/2015 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 5,625 | | | | 3,375 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.68 | | | | 01/05/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 6,187 | | | | 6,188 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 1.70 | | | | 05/14/2016 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 15,000 | | | | 25,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 2.32 | | | | 01/28/2017 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 17,500 | | | | 2,500 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.07 | | | | 01/25/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 40,000 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 3.91 | | | | 01/28/2018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | | 02/05/2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | 40,000 | 4 | | | | |
FOOTNOTES:
(1) | Options (other than the 2006 Market-based Awards described in footnote 3 below) become exercisable over four years from date of grant, at the rate of 25% on the first anniversary and 12.5% on each six month anniversary thereafter. |
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(2) | Restricted Stock Awards (other than Performance Awards described in footnote 3 below) are subject to restrictions on disposition that lapse over two, three or four years from date of grant. |
(3) | 2006 Market-based Awards granted to Mr. Cowan in 2006 that vest upon attainment of market-based performance conditions, none of which were attained in 2011. |
(4) | LTIP Awards and special one-time Retention Grant granted to each Executive Officer that vest upon attainment of revenue and/or profitability targets over a two year and three year period from date of grant. |
(5) | Determined based on the Company’s closing stock price of $2.29 on December 30, 2011. |
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Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal 2011
The following table contains information about the exercise of stock options by, and stock awards that vested for, each of our Executive Officers during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, including the number of shares acquired upon exercise and the value realized, and the number of shares acquired upon the vesting of stock awards and the value realized, before payment of any applicable withholding taxes.
Option Exercises and Stock Vested
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Option Awards | | | Stock Awards | |
Name | | Number of Shares Acquired on Exercise (#) | | | Value Realized on Exercise ($) | | | Number of Shares Acquired on Vesting (#) | | | Value Realized on Vesting ($) | |
Rory J. Cowan | | | 284,803 | | | $ | 495,557 | | | | 187,501 | | | $ | 699,192 | |
Donald M. Muir | | | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | | 71,875 | | | $ | 251,783 | |
Henri Broekmate | | | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | | 77,781 | | | $ | 286,745 | |
Paula Shannon | | | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | | 75,281 | | | $ | 279,495 | |
Potential Benefits Upon Termination or Change of Control
Potential Benefits upon Termination of Employment. Mr. Cowan, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Lionbridge on September 19, 2006, which sets out our severance obligations to him if his employment was to be terminated other than for cause. If Mr. Cowan’s employment is terminated other than for cause, he is entitled to receive a severance payment equal to the sum of his annual base salary and variable compensation (determined based on the variable compensation paid for the prior year), plus a pro-rata portion of his variable compensation for the year during which termination occurs, as well as benefit continuation for one year. In addition, any unvested outstanding equity held by Mr. Cowan would be accelerated in full except for the 2006 Market-Based Awards. Assuming Mr. Cowan’s employment was terminated other than for cause on December 31, 2011, Mr. Cowan would have been entitled to a cash payment in the amount of $600,000, representing his base salary, plus the additional amount of $571,142 representing his cash bonus for 2010, and continuation of health and related welfare benefits for one year with a value of $20,542.
The value of Mr. Cowan’s equity awards that would be accelerated upon such a termination of employment would be $1,374,063, assuming a price per share of $2.29, representing the closing price of Lionbridge common stock on December 30, 2011. Thus, Mr. Cowan’s total compensation if his employment with the Company were to have terminated on December 31, 2011 would have been $2,565,747, based on cash severance, the value of benefit continuation, and the value of the acceleration of equity awards.
In connection with his joining Lionbridge in 2007, Mr. Muir, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, and Lionbridge agreed to an Offer Letter which sets out the severance benefits we are obligated to provide to him upon a termination of his employment other than a termination for cause. If Mr. Muir’s employment is terminated other than for cause, he is entitled to receive base salary continuation payments for a period of twelve months. Under these circumstances, Mr. Muir would also be entitled to receive health and welfare benefit continuation for the period during which he would be entitled to receive base salary continuation payment.
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The Company’s Severance Policy for Executive Officers currently provides that each Executive Officer is entitled to receive cash payments equal to six months of base salary as of the date of termination without cause, and health and welfare benefit continuation for six months following date of termination without cause. Mr. Broekmate and Ms. Shannon are covered by this Policy; Mr. Cowan’s severance benefits are governed by his Employment Agreement and Mr. Muir’s severance benefits are governed by his Offer Letter.
In addition, continuation of health and related medical benefits following termination without cause would be provided to Mr. Cowan for one year pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement and the vesting of any unvested shares of restricted stock and stock options, other than the Performance Awards, would be accelerated. Continuation of health and welfare benefits following termination without cause would be provided to Messrs. Broekmate, Muir and Ms. Shannon, under the Company’s severance policy for Executive Officers, with values as set forth opposite each such executive’s name. Ms. Shannon does not receive medical benefits from the Company. We are not obligated to make any payment to these executives if their employment is terminated by us for cause or by the executive without cause.
Assuming the employment of our Executive Officers other than Mr. Cowan were to be have been terminated without cause on December 31, 2011, the following individuals would be entitled to payments in the amounts set forth opposite their name in the table below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name | | Cash Severance on Termination Not for Cause(1) | | | Health and Related Welfare Benefits | | | Total | |
Donald M. Muir | | $ | 360,000 | | | $ | 15,306 | | | $ | 375,306 | (3) |
Henri Broekmate | | $ | 150,000 | | | $ | 8,957 | | | $ | 158,957 | (2) |
Paula Shannon | | $ | 150,000 | | | $ | 10,791 | | | $ | 160,791 | (2) |
FOOTNOTES:
(1) | Base salary for six months for each of Mr. Broekmate and Ms. Shannon, respectively. |
(2) | Reflects base salary and health and related welfare benefit continuation for a period of six months in accordance with the Company’s severance policy for executives in effect as of December 31, 2011. |
(3) | Reflects base salary and related welfare benefit continuation for a period of twelve months in accordance with Mr. Muir’s Offer Letter. |
Potential Benefits upon a Change of Control. Mr. Cowan’s Amended and Restated Employment Agreement also sets out the severance benefits we are obligated to provide in the event his employment is terminated without cause or for good reason within six months prior to or two years following a change of control. If the “double trigger” conditions occur, Mr. Cowan would receive a lump sum severance payment equal to twice the sum of his annual base salary and variable compensation (determined based on the variable compensation paid for the prior year), plus a pro-rata portion of his variable compensation for the year during which termination occurs, as well as benefit continuation for two years. In addition, all of his outstanding equity would be accelerated in full upon a change in control. Assuming a change of control was to have taken place on December 31, 2011, Mr. Cowan would have been entitled to a cash payment in the amount of $2,342,284, and continuation of health and related welfare benefits for two years with a value of $41,084. The value of Mr. Cowan’s equity awards that would be accelerated upon a change of control on December 31, 2011 would be $2,541,963, assuming a price per share of $2.29, representing the closing price of Lionbridge common stock on December 30, 2011. Mr. Cowan is also entitled to a partial gross up of any taxes attributable to Section 280G of
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the Internal Revenue Code, which, assuming a change of control was to have taken place on December 31, 2011, would result in a gross-up payment of approximately $125,217. Thus, Mr. Cowan’s total compensation if a change of control of the Company were to have taken place on December 31, 2011 would have been $5,050,548, based on cash severance, the value of benefit continuation, the value of the acceleration of equity awards and the partial gross-up of taxes attributable to Section 280G.
All of our other Executive Officers participate under our Change of Control Plan, which provides that if employment is terminated without cause or for good reason within 18 months following a change of control of Lionbridge (a “double trigger”), the Executive Officer is entitled to severance benefits as follow: (a) a lump sum cash payment equal to 150% of the executive’s then current base salary and Target Variable Compensation for such year; (b) payment of a pro-rata portion of the executive’s Target Variable Compensation for the year of termination; and (c) continuance, at Lionbridge’s expense, of the executive’s health and related welfare benefits for a period of 18 months following the executive’s termination. The Change of Control Plan also provides that, upon a change of control of Lionbridge, (i) 50% of any unvested stock options held by an executive officer would vest and become immediately exercisable and (ii) the remaining 50% of the unvested stock options held by the Executive Officer will vest and become exercisable on the earlier of six months following the change of control or on the date such executive’s employment is terminated without cause or for good reason.
Assuming a change of control were to have taken place on December 31, 2011, each of the Executive Officers other than Mr. Cowan would have been entitled to the cash payment set forth on the table below, and the value of his or her equity awards that would be accelerated upon the change of control would have been that amount shown on the table below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name | | Cash Severance on Change of Control | | | Value of Accelerated Equity | | | Health and Related Welfare Benefits | | | Total | |
Henri Broekmate | | $ | 720,000 | | | $ | 973,676 | | | $ | 26,870 | | | $ | 1,720,546 | |
Donald M. Muir | | $ | 756,000 | | | $ | 977,938 | | | $ | 22,959 | | | $ | 1,756,897 | |
Paula Shannon | | $ | 720,000 | | | $ | 945,051 | | | $ | 32,373 | | | $ | 1,697,424 | |
Each Executive Officer has entered into a non-competition agreement with Lionbridge upon the commencement of his or her employment. The agreements provide that such Executive Officer will not, during the course of his or her employment and the twelve months following the date of the termination of his or her employment with Lionbridge, (1) engage or otherwise have a financial interest in any business activity which is in competition with any of the products or services being provided by Lionbridge, (2) solicit Lionbridge’s employees, or (3) solicit or do business with any present or past customer of Lionbridge’s, or any prospective customer of Lionbridge’s, in connection with any business activity which would be in violation of the non-competition agreement. Mr. Cowan’s non-competition arrangements are reflected in his Employment Agreement.
Pension Benefits; Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
We do not sponsor any qualified or non-qualified defined benefit plans or maintain any non-qualified defined contributions plans or other deferred compensation plans for employees.
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Employee Benefit Plans
Our employees, including our Executive Officers, are entitled to various employee benefits. These benefits include the following: medical, vision and dental care plans; flexible spending accounts for healthcare and dependent care; life and disability insurance; a 401(k) plan; and paid time off.
401(k) Plan
We offer all eligible U.S. employees participation in a 401(k) Plan administered by Fidelity. Under the Plan, employees are eligible to receive a matching contribution from Lionbridge for 100% of the employees’ contributions, up to $2,250, each year.
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NON-MANAGEMENT DIRECTOR COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2011
Our Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan, as amended in 2011, provides for each new director to our Board who holds less than 1% of the our Common Stock to be granted an option to purchase 20,000 shares of Common Stock under Lionbridge’s Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, our non-employee directors also receive an annual option grant to purchase 10,000 shares of Common Stock under Lionbridge’s Stock Incentive Plan, and an annual retainer payable in cash and through a restricted stock unit (RSU) in the aggregate amount of $55,000. The option grants and the RSU each vest over two years from the date of grant at the rate of 50% on each anniversary of grant date. Directors serving on the Audit Committee receive an annual retainer of $5,000. The chairman of each of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Compensation Committee receives an annual cash retainer of $15,000. Our Lead Independent Director receives an annual retainer of $15,000.
Each director is reimbursed for reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board of Directors or of any committee of the Board. Each Director may, at his option, defer all or a portion of his annual cash or equity retainer, and any committee retainer, in the Company’s Deferred Compensation Plan for Independent Directors. Mr. Blechschmidt has elected to defer the equity portion of his retainer until such time as he retires from the Board.
In accordance with this director compensation policy, on May 3, 2011, each of Messrs. Blechschmidt, de Chazal, Fisher, Kavanagh, Noonan and Sheer received an annual option grant, at an exercise price of $3.21 per share, which was equal to the fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant.
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The following table and notes present the compensation earned by our directors in fiscal year 2011.
Director Compensation in Fiscal Year 2011
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name | | Year | | | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) | | | Restricted Stock Unit Awards(3) ($) | | | Option Awards(1) (2) ($) | | | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) | | | Changes in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) | | | All Other Compensation ($) | | | Total ($) | |
Edward Blechschmidt | | | 2011 | | | $ | 25,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 73,860 | |
Guy de Chazal | | | 2011 | | | $ | 45,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 93,860 | |
Steven Fisher | | | 2011 | | | $ | 40,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 88,860 | |
Paul Kavanagh | | | 2011 | | | $ | 25,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 73,860 | |
Jack Noonan | | | 2011 | | | $ | 30,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 78,860 | |
Claude Sheer | | | 2011 | | | $ | 40,000 | | | $ | 30,001 | | | $ | 18,859 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 0 | | | $ | 88,860 | |
FOOTNOTES:
(1) | With the exception of ignoring the impact of the forfeiture rate relating to service based vesting conditions, these amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock unit and option awards for fiscal 2011. These amounts do not represent the actual amounts paid to or realized by the director for these awards during fiscal years 2011. The value as of the grant date for stock options and restricted stock units is recognized over the number of days of service required for the grant to become vested. |
(2) | On May 3, 2011, each non-management director was granted options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at the exercise price of $3.21 per share, which was equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. This option vests over two years. As of December 31, 2011, each director held the following number of outstanding options: Mr. Blechschmidt, 95,000; Mr. de Chazal, 95,000; Mr. Fisher, 50,000; Mr. Kavanagh, 67,500; Mr. Noonan, 40,000; and Mr. Sheer, 92,500. |
(3) | The restricted stock unit awards represent shares of Common Stock subject to restrictions that lapse on June 3, 2012. Messrs. Blechschmidt, de Chazal, Fisher, Kavanagh, Noonan and Sheer each received an award of 9,346 restricted stock units on May 3, 2011. As of December 31, 2011, each director held the following number of Restricted Stock Units: Mr. Blechschmidt, 46,092; each of Messrs. de Chazal, Fisher, Kavanagh, Noonan and Sheer, 9,346. |
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Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2011
During 2011, all equity compensation granted by Lionbridge was granted in the form of grants of stock options (at fair market value), restricted stock and restricted stock units, under either the Lionbridge 2005 Stock Incentive Plan or the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (together, the “Stock Incentive Plans”). During 2011, 2,559,326 equity awards were granted under the Stock Incentive Plans as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plan category | | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | | | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | | | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) | |
| | (a) | | | (b) | | | (c) | |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | | 3,771,133 | | | $ | 4.85 | | | | 4,821,509 | |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Total | | | 3,771,133 | | | $ | 4.85 | | | | 4,821,509 | |
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PROPOSAL NO. 2
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation
The Board would like the support of our stockholders for the compensation of its Executive Officers as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section and the accompanying compensation tables contained in this Proxy Statement. The Compensation Discussion and Analysis, beginning on page 18 of this Proxy Statement, describes the Company’s executive compensation program and the decisions made by the Nominating and Compensation Committee in 2011 in more detail.
This non-binding advisory vote on the compensation of our Executive Officers allows you to express your opinion about our executive compensation programs. As we seek to align our executive compensation programs with our long-term strategy, performance and stockholders’ interests, we ask that our stockholders annually approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our Executive Officers as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section and the accompanying compensation tables contained in this Proxy Statement. The Nominating and Compensation Committee, which is responsible for designing and administering the Company’s executive compensation program, values the opinions expressed by stockholders in their vote on this proposal and will continue to consider the outcome of the vote when making future compensation decisions for named executive officers.
The Committee and the Board note in particular our stockholders’ strong endorsement in 2011 for the Company’s executive compensation program as evidenced by the overwhelming support of the advisory vote on Executive Compensation at the 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Accordingly, the Committee has maintained the structure of its executive compensation programs this year, with its continued emphasis on achievement of defined performance metrics. As many of our stockholders requested the opportunity to provide an advisory vote on executive compensation on an annual basis, we have committed to honoring this request.
Highlights of our Executive Compensation programs include the following:
| • | | Reward Achievement of Long-Term Goals. Our executive compensation program is heavily weighted toward the achievement of defined performance metrics. A significant portion of cash and equity awards granted to our executives and other key employees will vestonly upon the attainment of long-term revenue and profitability metrics. A portion of equity grants are in the form of time-based awards, with vesting over three years to ensure our employees’ interests are aligned with those of our shareholders for the long-term performance of Lionbridge. |
| • | | Reduced Awards when Performance Metrics are not Achieved. Our Nominating and Compensation Committee has set a high bar for achievement of defined metrics. By design, when these metrics are not fully achieved, awards are reduced or on occasion, forfeited altogether. In 2011, Executive Officers forfeited over 10% of the shares granted in 2010 as an LTIP when the Company failed to fully meet the two-year financial performance metrics required for full vesting. Similarly, the actual MIP cash incentive plan payouts in 2011 were significantly less (over 50% less) than the potential payouts under the plan as the annual profitability target was not achieved and annual revenue target was not fully achieved, notwithstanding the Company’s achievement of positive GAAP net income in 2011. |
| • | | Total Compensation Below Peer Group. Our CEO’s and other Executive Officers’ total compensation is below the median and mean compensation of Peer Group companies and is in the lower 25% of Peer Group Companies. |
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| • | | Appropriate Balance of Fixed and Variable Compensation. Our executive compensation programs provide an appropriate mix of both fixed and variable components. Awards are tied to achievement of a variety of performance indicators, rather than any one indicator. A mix of equity and cash awards are used to achieve an appropriate balance of reward for the achievement of critical shorter and long-term objectives related to revenue, profitability and strategic metrics, and to provide an effective retention and incentive objectives. |
| • | | Maximum Payouts and Minimum Thresholds. Our cash and equity performance-based programs are subject to maximum payouts, which we believe mitigate excessive risk-taking and excessive compensation. Even if the Company dramatically exceeds plan metrics, payouts are limited. Conversely, these programs are also subject to a minimum threshold for payout of each component and if that minimum threshold is not achieved, no payout is made. In 2011, the minimum threshold for payment of the profitability component of the MIP was not achieved, and no payout was made under the MIP for that component to any Executive Officer. |
| • | | Program Design Discourages Excessive Risk-Taking. We use restricted stock and restricted stock units more frequently than stock options for equity awards because restricted stock and restricted stock units retain value even if the stock price declines so that employees are less likely to take unreasonable risks to get, or keep, options “in-the-money”. Our short-term cash incentive plan (the “Management Incentive Plan”) is a cash-based plan, which results in less total compensation being tied solely to stock performance, and rewards achievement of multiple metrics rather than one metric. |
| • | | Ethics and Integrity. We take pride in our strong ethical culture and adherence to strict internal controls over our financial systems. In particular, processes to measure and calculate the achievement of performance metrics have been designed to keep them from being susceptible to manipulation by any employee. We have held our employees worldwide to these standards of ethics and compliance. |
The Nominating and Compensation Committee believes its executive compensation programs in 2011 rewarded the operating leverage and technology advancements generated by the Company during the year, without encouraging or rewarding inappropriate risk-taking detrimental to the Company. The absence of full achievement of profitability and revenue targets in 2011 were appropriately reflected in reduced payouts to our Executives Officers in 2011.
For all of these reasons, we believe our executive compensation program is well-designed, appropriately links executive pay with Company performance and has demonstrated that it incentivizes desirable behavior from our executives.
We recommend that you vote FOR approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement.
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PROPOSAL NO. 3
Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors
The Audit Committee has appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PWC”) as the Company’s independent auditors of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for 2012. At the Annual Meeting, the stockholders are being asked to ratify the appointment of PWC as the Company’s independent auditors for the 2012 fiscal year. In the event of a negative vote on such ratification, the Audit Committee will reconsider its selection. Even if this appointment is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct the appointment of a different independent auditor at any time during the year if the Audit Committee determines that such a change would be in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders. Representatives of PWC are expected to be present at the Annual Meeting and to respond to questions.
We recommend that you vote FOR Proposal No. 3 to ratify the appointment of PWC as our Independent Auditor for 2012.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors is charged pursuant to its Charter with reviewing, approving and ratifying any related person transaction. The term “related person transaction” refers to any transaction required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings with the SEC pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K (a “Related Person Transaction”). In considering any Related Person Transaction, the Audit Committee considers the facts and circumstances regarding such transaction, including, among other things, the amounts involved (including whether the transaction amount exceeds $120,000), the relationship of the related person (including those persons identified in the instructions to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K) with the Company and the terms that would be available in a similar transaction with an unaffiliated third-party. The Audit Committee also considers its fiduciary duties, the Company’s obligations under applicable securities law, including disclosure obligations and director independence rules, and other applicable law in evaluating any Related Person Transaction. The Audit Committee reports its determination regarding any Related Person Transaction to the full Board of Directors at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Board of Directors. No potential Related Person Transactions were brought to the Audit Committee for consideration in 2011.
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AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT
The Audit Committee is composed of Messrs. Fisher (Chairman), de Chazal and Noonan, none of whom is an officer or employee of the Company. Each member of the Audit Committee is “independent” as defined in NASDAQ Rule 5605(a)(2). The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted by the Board of Directors. The Audit Committee has adopted a policy requiring that the provision of audit and permitted non-audit services by any outside auditor be approved in advance by the Committee.
The Audit Committee has reviewed the audited financial statements of the Company at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011, and has discussed them with both management and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the Company’s independent auditors. The Audit Committee has also discussed with the independent accountants the matters required to be discussed by Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards No. 61, as amended (Communication with Audit Committees).
The Audit Committee has received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent accountants required by Independence Standards Board Standard No. 1 (Independence Discussions with Audit Committees), and has discussed with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP that firm’s independence. Based on the above procedures, the Audit Committee concluded that it would be reasonable to recommend, and on that basis did recommend, to the Board of Directors that the audited financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.
Respectfully Submitted by the Audit Committee:
Steven Fisher, Chairman
Guy L. de Chazal
Jack Noonan
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STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
Stockholder proposals for inclusion in proxy materials for Lionbridge’s 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act must be submitted to the Secretary of Lionbridge in writing and received at the executive offices of Lionbridge by November 1, 2012. Such proposals must also meet the other requirements of the rules of the SEC relating to stockholder proposals and must satisfy the notice procedures for stockholder proposals set forth in the Lionbridge by-laws.
The Lionbridge by-laws require that for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely written notice thereof, containing the information required by the Lionbridge by-laws, to the Secretary of Lionbridge. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice containing the information required by the Lionbridge by-laws must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of Lionbridge at least 90 days, but not more than 120 days, prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting. In order for a stockholder proposal made under Lionbridge’s by-laws and outside of Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act or for a director nomination to be considered at the Lionbridge 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be considered “timely,” it must be received by Lionbridge not later than February 1, 2013 and not before January 2, 2013. However, if the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or 60 days after such anniversary date or if no proxy statement was delivered to stockholders in connection with the preceding year’s annual meeting, stockholders must give written notice not more than 90 days prior to such annual meeting and not less than the later of 60 days prior to such annual meeting and 10 days after Lionbridge makes the first public announcement of the date of such meeting.
STOCKHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD AND THE COMPANY
Lionbridge stockholders are encouraged to communicate with the Company. The following communication options are available.
If you would like toreceive information about Lionbridge, you may use one of the following methods:
| • | | Lionbridge’s Internet site, located atwww.lionbridge.com, contains service and product offerings, news and other information. Lionbridge’s Investor Relations Web site, located athttp://investors.lionbridge.com, contains company press releases, earnings releases, financial information and stock quotes, as well as corporate governance information and link to Lionbridge’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. An online version of this proxy statement and of Lionbridge’s 2011 Annual Report to Stockholders, as well as all of Lionbridge’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, are available through athttp://investors.lionbridge.com. |
| • | | To have information such as Lionbridge’s latest quarterly earnings release, Form 10-K, Form 10-Q or annual report mailed to you, please call Lionbridge Investor Relations at (781) 434-6000, or send an email request toInvestor_Relations@lionbridge.com. |
If you would like tocontact us, please call Lionbridge Investor Relations at (781) 434-6000, send an email request toInvestor_Relations@lionbridge.com, or send correspondence to Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations, 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, MA 02451.
If you share an address with another stockholder and have received multiple copies of our proxy materials, you may write or call us at the above address and phone number to request delivery of a single copy of these materials.
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If you would like to contact the Board of Directors or any specific individual director, please send your correspondence to Lionbridge Technologies, Inc. Board of Directors, Attention: Corporate Secretary, 1050 Winter Street, Waltham, MA 02451.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
To the extent that this Proxy Statement has been or will be specifically incorporated by reference into any filing by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the sections of this Proxy Statement entitled “ Compensation Committee Report” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be so incorporated, unless specifically otherwise provided in any such filing.
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP served as Lionbridge’s independent auditor for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the Audit Committee has approved its reappointment as auditor for the year ended December 31, 2012.
The Board has not proposed that any formal action be taken at the Annual Meeting with respect to the engagement of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as Lionbridge’s independent auditor for the year ended December 31, 2012 because no action is required by the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws or under Delaware law. Representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP will attend the Annual Meeting and be available to answer questions. They will have the opportunity to make a statement at the Annual Meeting if they desire.
In accordance with Section 10A(i) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated thereunder (“Rule 2-01”), the Audit Committee has pre-approved the engagement of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to perform all auditing services for the benefit of the Company, including the performance of any audit required by the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder.
The Audit Committee has adopted a policy and procedures which set forth the manner in which the Audit Committee will review and approve all services to be provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP before the firm is retained.
Under the provisions of this policy, certain services including annual audit services, audit related services and income tax services are subject to the Audit Committee’s “general” pre-approval on an annual basis in advance of the year during which such services will be rendered. All tax services were subject to specific pre-approval in 2011 and the annual audit services, including services related to the preparation of statutory accounts were approved under the general pre-approval authority of the Committee. Certain other services, including tax planning services, and any other services are subject to specific pre-approval and engagement by the Audit Committee on a case by case basis. The Audit Committee has the discretion to delegate either type of pre-approval authority to its chairperson or other committee members.
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Representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP participated in all meetings of the Audit Committee in 2011 that related to the review of unaudited quarterly and audited annual financial results. The Audit Committee pre-approves and reviews audit and non-audit services performed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as well as the fees charged by it for such services. In its pre-approval and review of non-audit service fees, the Audit Committee considers, among other things, the possible effect of the performance of such services on the auditors’ independence. All of the fees described below were approved by the Audit Committee in 2011.
Audit Fees: Total fees for professional services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in connection with the audits of Lionbridge’s consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, reviews of Lionbridge’s consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and fees for services performed in connection with statutory and regulatory filings for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $1,780,692 and $2,047,004, respectively.
The Audit Committee did not make use of the de minimus exception to pre-approval requirement contained in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules. All of the services described in this paragraph were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
Audit-Related Fees: Total fees for assurance and related services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the Company’s financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $4,400 and $0, respectively.
Tax Fees: Total fees for professional services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in connection with tax compliance and advisory services for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $89,175 and $121,833, respectively. These fees include professional services provided in connection with international tax planning and advisory services. All of the services described in this paragraph were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
All Other Fees: There were fees of $1,500 paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP related to an accounting software license for each of the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.
The Company’s Audit Committee has determined that the provision of the services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as set forth herein are compatible with maintaining PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s independence.
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EXPENSES AND SOLICITATION
All costs of solicitation of proxies will be borne by the Company. In addition to solicitations by mail, certain of the Company’s directors, officers and regular employees, without additional remuneration, may solicit proxies in person or by telephone or e-mail. Brokers, custodians and fiduciaries will be requested to forward proxy soliciting material to the owners of stock held in their names, and the Company will reimburse them for their reasonable out-of-pocket costs. Solicitation by officers and employees of the Company also may be made of some stockholders in person or by mail, telephone or facsimile following the original solicitation. The Company may, if appropriate, retain an independent proxy solicitation firm to assist in soliciting proxies. If the Company does so, it will pay such firm’s customary fees and expenses.
The contents of and the sending of this Proxy Statement have been unanimously approved by the Board of Directors of the Company.
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LIONBRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1050 WINTER STREET SUITE 2300 WALTHAM, MA 02451 | | VOTE IN PERSON You may attend the meeting and request a ballot to vote in person. Directions to the location of the Meeting are available athttp://www.lionbridge.com/lionbridge/en-US/company/locations/the-americas.htm#Waltham by clicking on the link to “Directions” to our Waltham office. VOTE BY INTERNET -www.proxyvote.com Use the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery of information up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date or meeting date. Have your proxy card in hand when you access the web site and follow the instructions to obtain your records and to create an electronic voting instruction form. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF FUTURE PROXY MATERIALS If you would like to reduce the costs incurred by our company in mailing proxy materials, you can consent to receiving all future proxy statements, proxy cards and annual reports electronically via e-mail or the Internet. To sign up for electronic delivery, please follow the instructions above to vote using the Internet and, when prompted, indicate that you agree to receive or access proxy materials electronically in future years. VOTE BY PHONE - 1-800-690-6903 Use any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date or meeting date. Have your proxy card in hand when you call and then follow the instructions. VOTE BY MAIL Mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope we have provided or return it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717.Do not return your Proxy Card if you are voting by Telephone or Internet. |
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TO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS: | | M41855-P20667 | | KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDS |
THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED. | | DETACH AND RETURN THIS PORTION ONLY |
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LIONBRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. | | For All | | Withhold All | | For All Except | | To withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee(s), mark “For All Except” and write the number(s) of the nominee(s) on the line below. | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | The Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR ALL on Proposal 1. | | ¨ | | ¨ | | ¨ | | __________________________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 1. To elect three members of the Board of Directors for a three-year term as Class I Directors consisting of the following nominees. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Nominees: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 01) Steven Fisher | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 02) Jack Noonan | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 03) Claude Sheer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | The Board of Directors recommends you voteFOR on Proposals 2 and 3. | | | | | | For | | Against | | Abstain | | | | |
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| | | | 2. Advisory vote to approve named executive officer compensation. | | | | | | ¨ | | ¨ | | ¨ | | | | |
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| | | | 3. To ratify the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012. | | | | | | ¨ | | ¨ | | ¨ | | | | |
| | | | The shares represented by this proxy when properly executed will be voted in the manner directed by the undersigned stockholder. | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | For address changes and/or comments, please check this box and write them on the back where indicated. | | ¨ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Please indicate if you plan to attend this meeting. | | ¨ | | ¨ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | NOTE: Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear on this card. When signing as attorney, executive, administrator, or other fiduciary, please give your full title. Joint owners should each sign personally. All holders must sign. If a corporation or partnership, please sign in full corporate or partnership name by authorized officer. | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Signature [PLEASE SIGN WITHIN BOX] | | Date | | | | | | | | Signature (Joint Owners) | | Date | | | | | | | | |
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting:
The Notice and Proxy Statement and Annual Report with 10-K Wrap are available at www.proxyvote.com.
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M41856-P20667
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| | PROXY Lionbridge Technologies, Inc. 1050 Winter Street Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON TUESDAY, MAY 1, 2012 THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS The undersigned hereby appoints Rory J. Cowan, Donald M. Muir and Margaret A. Shukur, and each of them individually, the proxies of the undersigned, with power of substitution to each of them, to vote all shares of Lionbridge Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lionbridge”), which the undersigned is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Lionbridge to be held on Tuesday, May 1, 2012, at 10:00 A.M. Eastern Time at 1050 Winter Street, Suite 2300, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 (the “Annual Meeting”). If no direction is made, this proxy will be voted FOR the election for all of the nominees for Director and FOR Proposals 2 and 3. In their discretion, the proxies are authorized to vote on such other matters as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment thereof. | | |
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| | | | (If you noted any Address Changes/Comments above, please mark corresponding box on the reverse side.) [Continued and to be dated and signed on reverse side] SEE REVERSE SIDE SEE REVERSE SIDE | | | | | | |