LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | NOTE 3 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio by type of loan as of: June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial $ 295,864 $ 314,067 Real estate: Construction and development 345,127 377,135 Commercial real estate 891,883 887,587 Farmland 187,105 185,817 1-4 family residential 496,340 493,061 Multi-family residential 44,385 45,147 Consumer 59,498 61,394 Agricultural 13,447 13,686 Overdrafts 252 282 Total loans 2,333,901 2,378,176 Net of: Deferred loan fees, net ( 1,260 ) ( 1,957 ) Allowance for credit losses ( 31,759 ) ( 31,974 ) Total net loans (1) $ 2,300,882 $ 2,344,245 (1) Excludes accrued interest receivable on loans of $ 7.7 million and $ 7.6 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which is presented separately on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) reflects losses expected over the remaining contractual life of the assets, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term does not consider possible extensions, renewals or modifications. The following tables present the activity in the ACL by class of loans for the six months ended June 30, 2023, for the year ended December 31, 2022 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022: For the Six Months Ended Commercial Construction Commercial Farmland 1-4 family Multi-family Consumer Agricultural Overdrafts Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 4,382 $ 4,889 $ 12,658 $ 2,008 $ 6,617 $ 490 $ 778 $ 149 $ 3 $ 31,974 (Reversal of) provision for credit losses ( 102 ) ( 470 ) 136 97 82 — 155 ( 3 ) 105 — Loans charged-off ( 20 ) — ( 87 ) — — — ( 72 ) ( 3 ) ( 136 ) ( 318 ) Recoveries 12 — — — — — 58 2 31 103 Ending balance $ 4,272 $ 4,419 $ 12,707 $ 2,105 $ 6,699 $ 490 $ 919 $ 145 $ 3 $ 31,759 For the Year Ended Commercial Construction Commercial Farmland 1-4 family Multi-family Consumer Agricultural Overdrafts Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 3,600 $ 4,221 $ 13,765 $ 1,698 $ 5,818 $ 396 $ 762 $ 169 $ 4 $ 30,433 Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 902 668 ( 1,108 ) 310 769 94 283 ( 20 ) 252 2,150 Loans charged-off ( 192 ) — — — — — ( 322 ) — ( 335 ) ( 849 ) Recoveries 72 — 1 — 30 — 55 — 82 240 Ending balance $ 4,382 $ 4,889 $ 12,658 $ 2,008 $ 6,617 $ 490 $ 778 $ 149 $ 3 $ 31,974 For the Six Months Ended Commercial Construction Commercial Farmland 1-4 family Multi-family Consumer Agricultural Overdrafts Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 3,600 $ 4,221 $ 13,765 $ 1,698 $ 5,818 $ 396 $ 762 $ 169 $ 4 30,433 Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 462 27 ( 2,420 ) 55 121 208 209 ( 8 ) 96 ( 1,250 ) Loans charged-off ( 154 ) — — — — — ( 36 ) — ( 138 ) ( 328 ) Recoveries 45 — 1 — 30 — 23 — 43 142 Ending balance $ 3,953 $ 4,248 $ 11,346 $ 1,753 $ 5,969 $ 604 $ 958 $ 161 $ 5 $ 28,997 During the first and second quarters of 2023, we recorded no provision for credit loss. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we recorded a $ 2.8 million provision to incorporate economic forecasts for a recession into our CECL model. The factors that were adjusted in the fourth quarter of 2022 are still relevant, however additional adjustments to certain qualitative factors were made in the current quarter to incorporate industry-level concerns with respect to CRE valuations and "higher for longer" interest projections that could impact borrower cash flows and repayment ability. These qualitative factor adjustments were offset by a decline in the total loan portfolio balance during the quarter, resulting in no adjustment to the ACL during the first half of the year. The Company uses the weighted-average remaining maturity ("WARM") method as the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The WARM method uses a historical average annual charge-off rate containing loss content over a historical lookback period and is used as a foundation for estimating the credit loss reserve for the remaining outstanding balances of loans in a segment at the balance sheet date. The average annual charge-off rate is applied to the contractual term, further adjusted for estimated prepayments, to determine the unadjusted historical charge-off rate. The calculation of the unadjusted historical charge-off rate is then adjusted, using qualitative factors, for current conditions and for reasonable and supportable forecast periods. Qualitative loss factors are based on the Company’s judgment of company, market, industry or business specific data, differences in loan-specific risk characteristics such as underwriting standards, portfolio mix, risk grades, delinquency level, or term. These qualitative factors serve to compensate for additional areas of uncertainty inherent in the portfolio that are not reflected in our historic loss factors. Additionally, we have adjusted for changes in expected environmental and economic conditions, such as changes in unemployment rates, property values, and other relevant factors over the next 12 to 24 months. Management adjusted the historical loss experience for these expectations. No reversion adjustments were necessary, as the starting point for the Company’s estimate was a cumulative loss rate covering the expected contractual term of the portfolio. The ACL is measured on a collective segment basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Our loan portfolio is segmented first by regulatory call report code, and second, by internally identified risk grades for our commercial loan segments and by delinquency status for our consumer loan segments. We also have separate segments for our internally originated SBA loans and for our SBA loans acquired from Westbound Bank. Consistent forecasts of the loss drivers are used across the loan segments. For loans that do not share general risk characteristics with segments, we estimate a specific reserve on an individual basis. A reserve is recorded when the carrying amount of the loan exceeds the discounted estimated cash flows using the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for collateral-dependent loans. Assets are graded “pass” when the relationship exhibits acceptable credit risk and indicates repayment ability, tolerable collateral coverage and reasonable performance history. Lending relationships exhibiting potentially significant credit risk and marginal repayment ability and/or asset protection are graded “special mention.” Assets classified as “substandard” are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. Substandard graded loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets graded “doubtful” are substandard graded loans that have added characteristics that make collection or liquidation in full improbable. Loans that are on nonaccrual status are generally classified as substandard. In general, the loans in our portfolio have low historical credit losses. The Company closely monitors economic conditions and loan performance trends to manage and evaluate the exposure to credit risk. Key factors tracked by the Company and utilized in evaluating the credit quality of the loan portfolio include trends in delinquency ratios, the level of nonperforming assets, borrower’s repayment capacity, and collateral coverage. The following table summarizes the credit exposure in the Company’s loan portfolio, by year of origination, as of June 30, 2023: June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Commercial and industrial: Pass $ 22,316 $ 82,430 $ 50,556 $ 15,647 $ 9,617 $ 15,421 $ 97,494 $ 293,481 Special mention — — — — 242 — 1,000 1,242 Substandard — 12 — 234 396 173 — 815 Nonaccrual — 58 117 51 — 100 — 326 Total commercial and industrial loans $ 22,316 $ 82,500 $ 50,673 $ 15,932 $ 10,255 $ 15,694 $ 98,494 $ 295,864 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 16 ) $ — $ — $ ( 4 ) $ — $ ( 20 ) Recoveries — — — — — 4 8 12 Current period net $ — $ — $ ( 16 ) $ — $ — $ — $ 8 $ ( 8 ) Construction and development: Pass $ 34,521 $ 165,818 $ 102,018 $ 9,817 $ 6,943 $ 13,271 $ 12,473 $ 344,861 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 193 — — — — — 193 Nonaccrual — 73 — — — — — 73 Total construction and development loans $ 34,521 $ 166,084 $ 102,018 $ 9,817 $ 6,943 $ 13,271 $ 12,473 $ 345,127 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate: Pass $ 26,620 $ 346,197 $ 160,027 $ 83,822 $ 56,784 $ 192,256 $ 17,483 $ 883,189 Special mention — — — 1,370 — 1,308 — 2,678 Substandard — 1,609 — — — 4,135 — 5,744 Nonaccrual — — — — 80 192 — 272 Total commercial real estate loans $ 26,620 $ 347,806 $ 160,027 $ 85,192 $ 56,864 $ 197,891 $ 17,483 $ 891,883 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 87 ) $ — $ ( 87 ) Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 87 ) $ — $ ( 87 ) June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Farmland: Pass $ 13,333 $ 85,291 $ 50,428 $ 9,181 $ 6,298 $ 16,692 $ 5,521 $ 186,744 Special mention — — — — — — 99 99 Substandard — — — — 29 58 — 87 Nonaccrual — — — — — 175 — 175 Total farmland loans $ 13,333 $ 85,291 $ 50,428 $ 9,181 $ 6,327 $ 16,925 $ 5,620 $ 187,105 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 1-4 family residential: Pass $ 25,834 $ 144,395 $ 126,461 $ 45,281 $ 28,519 $ 105,173 $ 18,090 $ 493,753 Special mention — — — — — 46 — 46 Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — — 180 703 155 1,503 — 2,541 Total 1-4 family residential loans $ 25,834 $ 144,395 $ 126,641 $ 45,984 $ 28,674 $ 106,722 $ 18,090 $ 496,340 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Multi-family residential: Pass $ 195 $ 18,111 $ 18,118 $ 2,414 $ 3,933 $ 1,614 $ — $ 44,385 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — — — — — — — — Total multi-family residential loans $ 195 $ 18,111 $ 18,118 $ 2,414 $ 3,933 $ 1,614 $ — $ 44,385 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Consumer and overdrafts: Pass $ 14,651 $ 23,127 $ 8,249 $ 3,648 $ 975 $ 2,864 $ 6,054 $ 59,568 Special mention 8 34 — — 8 — — 50 Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — 17 43 13 44 15 — 132 Total consumer loans and overdrafts $ 14,659 $ 23,178 $ 8,292 $ 3,661 $ 1,027 $ 2,879 $ 6,054 $ 59,750 Charge-offs $ ( 141 ) $ ( 18 ) $ ( 36 ) $ ( 8 ) $ ( 5 ) $ — $ — $ ( 208 ) Recoveries 31 — 3 — — 15 40 89 Current period net $ ( 110 ) $ ( 18 ) $ ( 33 ) $ ( 8 ) $ ( 5 ) $ 15 $ 40 $ ( 119 ) Agricultural: Pass $ 1,057 $ 2,264 $ 1,358 $ 852 $ 378 $ 662 $ 6,820 $ 13,391 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 25 — 25 Nonaccrual — — — — — 31 — 31 Total agricultural loans $ 1,057 $ 2,264 $ 1,358 $ 852 $ 378 $ 718 $ 6,820 $ 13,447 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 3 ) $ — $ ( 3 ) Recoveries — — — — — 2 — 2 Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ ( 1 ) Total loans: Pass $ 138,527 $ 867,633 $ 517,215 $ 170,662 $ 113,447 $ 347,953 $ 163,935 $ 2,319,372 Special mention 8 34 — 1,370 250 1,354 1,099 4,115 Substandard — 1,814 — 234 425 4,391 — 6,864 Nonaccrual — 148 340 767 279 2,016 — 3,550 Total loans $ 138,535 $ 869,629 $ 517,555 $ 173,033 $ 114,401 $ 355,714 $ 165,034 $ 2,333,901 Charge-offs $ ( 141 ) $ ( 18 ) $ ( 52 ) $ ( 8 ) $ ( 5 ) $ ( 94 ) $ — $ ( 318 ) Recoveries 31 — 3 — — 21 48 103 Total current period net (charge-offs) recoveries $ ( 110 ) $ ( 18 ) $ ( 49 ) $ ( 8 ) $ ( 5 ) $ ( 73 ) $ 48 $ ( 215 ) The following table summarizes the credit exposure in the Company’s loan portfolio, by year of origination, as of December 31, 2022: December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Commercial and industrial: Pass $ 99,750 $ 57,854 $ 19,577 $ 11,797 $ 4,172 $ 12,907 $ 105,628 $ 311,685 Special mention — 131 — 333 — — 905 1,369 Substandard 14 — 246 423 192 23 — 898 Nonaccrual 72 33 10 — — — — 115 Total commercial and industrial loans $ 99,836 $ 58,018 $ 19,833 $ 12,553 $ 4,364 $ 12,930 $ 106,533 $ 314,067 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 67 ) $ — $ — $ — $ ( 125 ) $ ( 192 ) Recoveries — — — — — 32 40 72 Current period net $ — $ — $ ( 67 ) $ — $ — $ 32 $ ( 85 ) $ ( 120 ) Construction and development: Pass $ 179,501 $ 138,388 $ 17,361 $ 8,697 $ 3,443 $ 10,535 $ 16,870 $ 374,795 Special mention 905 — — — — — — 905 Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — — — — 1,435 — — 1,435 Total construction and development loans $ 180,406 $ 138,388 $ 17,361 $ 8,697 $ 4,878 $ 10,535 $ 16,870 $ 377,135 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate: Pass $ 347,162 $ 147,986 $ 86,897 $ 63,988 $ 51,002 $ 158,384 $ 12,007 $ 867,426 Special mention — — 1,300 — 2,594 3,427 — 7,321 Substandard 1,336 — — — 26 4,207 — 5,569 Nonaccrual — — 251 96 — 6,924 — 7,271 Total commercial real estate loans $ 348,498 $ 147,986 $ 88,448 $ 64,084 $ 53,622 $ 172,942 $ 12,007 $ 887,587 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — 1 — — 1 Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1 $ — $ — $ 1 December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Farmland: Pass $ 93,128 $ 51,912 $ 10,284 $ 6,646 $ 5,956 $ 11,741 $ 5,948 $ 185,615 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 31 — 62 — 93 Nonaccrual — — — — — 109 — 109 Total farmland loans $ 93,128 $ 51,912 $ 10,284 $ 6,677 $ 5,956 $ 11,912 $ 5,948 $ 185,817 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 1-4 family residential: Pass $ 143,268 $ 128,957 $ 50,140 $ 30,068 $ 27,104 $ 89,678 $ 21,956 $ 491,171 Special mention — — 43 — — 156 — 199 Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — 148 — 116 118 1,309 — 1,691 Total 1-4 family residential loans $ 143,268 $ 129,105 $ 50,183 $ 30,184 $ 27,222 $ 91,143 $ 21,956 $ 493,061 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — 30 — 30 Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 30 $ — $ 30 Multi-family residential: Pass $ 18,183 $ 18,331 $ 2,463 $ 4,216 $ 878 $ 985 $ 91 $ 45,147 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual — — — — — — — — Total multi-family residential loans $ 18,183 $ 18,331 $ 2,463 $ 4,216 $ 878 $ 985 $ 91 $ 45,147 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total Consumer and overdrafts: Pass $ 32,817 $ 11,789 $ 5,455 $ 1,835 $ 3,079 $ 473 $ 6,008 $ 61,456 Special mention 14 4 — 28 4 — — 50 Substandard — — — — — — — — Nonaccrual 17 93 21 12 23 4 — 170 Total consumer loans and overdrafts $ 32,848 $ 11,886 $ 5,476 $ 1,875 $ 3,106 $ 477 $ 6,008 $ 61,676 Charge-offs $ ( 335 ) $ ( 26 ) $ ( 25 ) $ ( 21 ) $ — $ — $ ( 250 ) $ ( 657 ) Recoveries 83 3 6 11 1 33 — 137 Current period net $ ( 252 ) $ ( 23 ) $ ( 19 ) $ ( 10 ) $ 1 $ 33 $ ( 250 ) $ ( 520 ) Agricultural: Pass $ 3,148 $ 1,914 $ 984 $ 491 $ 392 $ 422 $ 6,243 $ 13,594 Special mention — — — — — 3 — 3 Substandard — — — — — 32 — 32 Nonaccrual — — — — 4 53 — 57 Total agricultural loans $ 3,148 $ 1,914 $ 984 $ 491 $ 396 $ 510 $ 6,243 $ 13,686 Charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Recoveries — — — — — — — — Current period net $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Total loans: Pass $ 916,957 $ 557,131 $ 193,161 $ 127,738 $ 96,026 $ 285,125 $ 174,751 $ 2,350,889 Special mention 919 135 1,343 361 2,598 3,586 905 9,847 Substandard 1,350 — 246 454 218 4,324 — 6,592 Nonaccrual 89 274 282 224 1,580 8,399 — 10,848 Total loans $ 919,315 $ 557,540 $ 195,032 $ 128,777 $ 100,422 $ 301,434 $ 175,656 $ 2,378,176 Charge-offs $ ( 335 ) $ ( 26 ) $ ( 92 ) $ ( 21 ) $ — $ — $ ( 375 ) $ ( 849 ) Recoveries 83 3 6 11 2 95 40 240 Total current period net charge-offs $ ( 252 ) $ ( 23 ) $ ( 86 ) $ ( 10 ) $ 2 $ 95 $ ( 335 ) $ ( 609 ) There were no loans classified in the “doubtful” or “loss” risk rating categories as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no individually evaluated collateral-dependent loans within the ACL model as of June 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. The following tables summarize the payment status of loans in the Company’s total loan portfolio, including an aging of delinquent loans and loans 90 days or more past due continuing to accrue interest as of: June 30, 2023 30 to 59 Days 60 to 89 Days 90 Days Total Current Total Recorded Commercial and industrial $ 171 $ 44 $ 71 $ 286 $ 295,578 $ 295,864 $ — Real estate: Construction and 1,633 44 73 1,750 343,377 345,127 — Commercial real 601 — 5 606 891,277 891,883 — Farmland 326 — — 326 186,779 187,105 — 1-4 family residential 1,082 273 377 1,732 494,608 496,340 — Multi-family residential — — — — 44,385 44,385 — Consumer 755 75 51 881 58,617 59,498 — Agricultural 40 2 — 42 13,405 13,447 — Overdrafts — — — — 252 252 — Total $ 4,608 $ 438 $ 577 $ 5,623 $ 2,328,278 $ 2,333,901 $ — December 31, 2022 30 to 59 Days 60 to 89 Days 90 Days Total Current Total Recorded Commercial and industrial $ 440 $ 44 $ 105 $ 589 $ 313,478 $ 314,067 $ — Real estate: Construction and 258 73 1,435 1,766 375,369 377,135 — Commercial real 882 354 6,708 7,944 879,643 887,587 — Farmland 129 79 — 208 185,609 185,817 — 1-4 family residential 2,101 547 572 3,220 489,841 493,061 — Multi-family residential — — — — 45,147 45,147 — Consumer 164 118 70 352 61,042 61,394 — Agricultural 37 10 — 47 13,639 13,686 — Overdrafts — — — — 282 282 — Total $ 4,011 $ 1,225 $ 8,890 $ 14,126 $ 2,364,050 $ 2,378,176 $ — The following table presents information regarding nonaccrual loans as of: June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial $ 326 $ 115 Real estate: Construction and development 73 1,435 Commercial real estate 272 7,271 Farmland 175 109 1-4 family residential 2,541 1,691 Consumer and overdrafts 132 170 Agricultural 31 57 Total $ 3,550 $ 10,848 There were no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as nonaccrual. There were no nonaccrual loans for which there was no related allowance at June 30, 2023. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (“ASU 2022-02”) effective January 1, 2023. The amendments in ASU 2022-02 eliminated the recognition and measure of troubled debt restructurings and enhanced disclosures for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the six months ended June 30, 2023: For the Six Months Ended Term Total Class of Financing Receivable 1-4 family residential $ 60 0.01 % Consumer 64 0.11 % Total loans $ 124 0.12 % The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the six months ended June 30, 2023: Term Extension Loan Type Financial Effect 1-4 family residential Amortization period was extended by a weighted-average period of 5.00 years. Consumer Amortization period was extended by a weighted-average period of 5.49 years. The following table provides an age analysis of loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficult that were modified on or after our ASU 2022-02 adoption date of January 1, 2023: Current 30 to 89 Days 90 Days 1-4 family residential $ 60 $ — $ — Consumer 64 — — Total loans $ 124 $ — $ — As of June 30, 2023, the Company did not have any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the six months ended June 30, 2022 that subsequently defaulted. There were no loans restructured during the six months ended June 30, 2022 . |