REVENUES | REVENUES Revenue by Category The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by LOB: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended 2023 2022 2023 2022 MA: Decision Solutions (DS) Banking $ 123 $ 110 $ 254 $ 240 Insurance 133 119 266 241 KYC 78 65 148 127 Total DS 334 294 668 608 Research and Insights (R&I) 217 203 432 406 Data and Information (D&I) 196 178 384 356 Total external revenue 747 675 1,484 1,370 Intersegment revenue 4 1 7 3 Total MA 751 676 1,491 1,373 MIS: Corporate Finance (CFG) Investment-grade 94 68 209 182 High-yield 46 31 78 70 Bank loans 68 72 127 185 Other accounts (1) 157 151 307 302 Total CFG 365 322 721 739 Structured Finance (SFG) Asset-backed securities 32 31 59 63 RMBS 25 28 50 63 CMBS 14 27 28 65 Structured credit 31 36 63 75 Other accounts — 1 1 1 Total SFG 102 123 201 267 Financial Institutions (FIG) Banking 97 93 197 182 Insurance 35 24 68 58 Managed investments 10 8 16 13 Other accounts 3 3 6 6 Total FIG 145 128 287 259 Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance (PPIF) Public finance / sovereign 54 55 106 113 Project and infrastructure 73 67 150 132 Total PPIF 127 122 256 245 Total ratings revenue 739 695 1,465 1,510 MIS Other 8 11 15 23 Total external revenue 747 706 1,480 1,533 Intersegment revenue 46 43 91 86 Total MIS 793 749 1,571 1,619 Eliminations (50) (44) (98) (89) Total MCO $ 1,494 $ 1,381 $ 2,964 $ 2,903 (1) Other includes: recurring monitoring fees of a rated debt obligation and/or entities that issue such obligations as well as fees from programs such as commercial paper, medium term notes, and ICRA corporate finance revenue. The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by LOB and geographic area: Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 U.S. Non-U.S Total U.S. Non-U.S Total MA: Decision Solutions $ 140 $ 194 $ 334 $ 120 $ 174 $ 294 Research and Insights 119 98 217 115 88 203 Data and Information 68 128 196 62 116 178 Total MA 327 420 747 297 378 675 MIS: Corporate Finance 239 126 365 210 112 322 Structured Finance 60 42 102 83 40 123 Financial Institutions 73 72 145 53 75 128 Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance 83 44 127 78 44 122 Total ratings revenue 455 284 739 424 271 695 MIS Other — 8 8 2 9 11 Total MIS 455 292 747 426 280 706 Total MCO $ 782 $ 712 $ 1,494 $ 723 $ 658 $ 1,381 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 U.S. Non-U.S Total U.S. Non-U.S Total MA: Decision Solutions $ 279 $ 389 $ 668 $ 253 $ 355 $ 608 Research and Insights 237 195 432 232 174 406 Data and Information 135 249 384 122 234 356 Total MA 651 833 1,484 607 763 1,370 MIS: Corporate Finance 485 236 721 485 254 739 Structured Finance 121 80 201 180 87 267 Financial Institutions 136 151 287 118 141 259 Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance 159 97 256 153 92 245 Total ratings revenue 901 564 1,465 936 574 1,510 MIS Other — 15 15 3 20 23 Total MIS 901 579 1,480 939 594 1,533 Total MCO $ 1,552 $ 1,412 $ 2,964 $ 1,546 $ 1,357 $ 2,903 The following table presents the Company’s reportable segment revenues disaggregated by segment and geographic region: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended 2023 2022 2023 2022 MA: U.S. $ 327 $ 297 $ 651 $ 607 Non-U.S.: EMEA 289 257 567 520 Asia-Pacific 71 71 151 139 Americas 60 50 115 104 Total Non-U.S. 420 378 833 763 Total MA 747 675 1,484 1,370 MIS: U.S. 455 426 901 939 Non-U.S.: EMEA 181 165 354 358 Asia-Pacific 75 80 146 154 Americas 36 35 79 82 Total Non-U.S. 292 280 579 594 Total MIS 747 706 1,480 1,533 Total MCO $ 1,494 $ 1,381 $ 2,964 $ 2,903 The following tables summarize the split between Transaction Revenue and Recurring Revenue. Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 2022 Transaction Recurring Total Transaction Recurring Total Decision Solutions $ 43 $ 291 $ 334 $ 38 $ 256 $ 294 13 % 87 % 100 % 13 % 87 % 100 % Research and Insights $ 3 $ 214 $ 217 $ 4 $ 199 $ 203 1 % 99 % 100 % 2 % 98 % 100 % Data and Information $ 1 $ 195 $ 196 $ — $ 178 $ 178 1 % 99 % 100 % — % 100 % 100 % Total MA $ 47 (1) $ 700 $ 747 $ 42 $ 633 $ 675 6 % 94 % 100 % 6 % 94 % 100 % Corporate Finance $ 236 $ 129 $ 365 $ 199 $ 123 $ 322 65 % 35 % 100 % 62 % 38 % 100 % Structured Finance $ 48 $ 54 $ 102 $ 73 $ 50 $ 123 47 % 53 % 100 % 59 % 41 % 100 % Financial Institutions $ 73 $ 72 $ 145 $ 57 $ 71 $ 128 50 % 50 % 100 % 45 % 55 % 100 % Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance $ 84 $ 43 $ 127 $ 82 $ 40 $ 122 66 % 34 % 100 % 67 % 33 % 100 % MIS Other $ 2 $ 6 $ 8 $ 1 $ 10 $ 11 25 % 75 % 100 % 9 % 91 % 100 % Total MIS $ 443 $ 304 $ 747 $ 412 $ 294 $ 706 59 % 41 % 100 % 58 % 42 % 100 % Total Moody's Corporation $ 490 $ 1,004 $ 1,494 $ 454 $ 927 $ 1,381 33 % 67 % 100 % 33 % 67 % 100 % Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 2022 Transaction Recurring Total Transaction Recurring Total Decision Solutions $ 83 $ 585 $ 668 $ 78 $ 530 $ 608 12 % 88 % 100 % 13 % 87 % 100 % Research and Insights $ 8 $ 424 $ 432 $ 8 $ 398 $ 406 2 % 98 % 100 % 2 % 98 % 100 % Data and Information $ 1 $ 383 $ 384 $ — $ 356 $ 356 — % 100 % 100 % — % 100 % 100 % Total MA $ 92 (1) $ 1,392 $ 1,484 $ 86 $ 1,284 $ 1,370 6 % 94 % 100 % 6 % 94 % 100 % Corporate Finance $ 466 $ 255 $ 721 $ 492 $ 247 $ 739 65 % 35 % 100 % 67 % 33 % 100 % Structured Finance $ 94 $ 107 $ 201 $ 166 $ 101 $ 267 47 % 53 % 100 % 62 % 38 % 100 % Financial Institutions $ 143 $ 144 $ 287 $ 118 $ 141 $ 259 50 % 50 % 100 % 46 % 54 % 100 % Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance $ 169 $ 87 $ 256 $ 161 $ 84 $ 245 66 % 34 % 100 % 66 % 34 % 100 % MIS Other $ 3 $ 12 $ 15 $ 2 $ 21 $ 23 20 % 80 % 100 % 9 % 91 % 100 % Total MIS $ 875 $ 605 $ 1,480 $ 939 $ 594 $ 1,533 59 % 41 % 100 % 61 % 39 % 100 % Total Moody's Corporation $ 967 $ 1,997 $ 2,964 $ 1,025 $ 1,878 $ 2,903 33 % 67 % 100 % 35 % 65 % 100 % (1) Revenue from software implementation services and risk management advisory projects, while classified by management as transactional revenue, is recognized over time under U.S. GAAP (please also refer to the following table). The following table presents the timing of revenue recognition: Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 MA MIS Total MA MIS Total Revenue recognized at a point in time $ 22 $ 443 $ 465 $ 49 $ 875 $ 924 Revenue recognized over time 725 304 1,029 1,435 605 2,040 Total $ 747 $ 747 $ 1,494 $ 1,484 $ 1,480 $ 2,964 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 MA MIS Total MA MIS Total Revenue recognized at a point in time $ 16 $ 412 $ 428 $ 57 $ 939 $ 996 Revenue recognized over time 659 294 953 1,313 594 1,907 Total $ 675 $ 706 $ 1,381 $ 1,370 $ 1,533 $ 2,903 Unbilled receivables, deferred revenue and remaining performance obligations Unbilled receivables For certain MA arrangements, the timing of when the Company has the unconditional right to consideration and recognizes revenue occurs prior to invoicing the customer. In addition, certain MIS arrangements contain contractual terms whereby the customers are billed in arrears for annual monitoring services, requiring revenue to be accrued as an unbilled receivable as such services are provided. The following table presents the Company's unbilled receivables, which are included within accounts receivable, net, at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: As of June 30, 2023 As of December 31, 2022 MA MIS MA MIS Unbilled Receivables $ 119 $ 428 $ 148 $ 385 Deferred revenue The Company recognizes deferred revenue when a contract requires a customer to pay consideration to the Company in advance of when revenue related to that contract is recognized. This deferred revenue is relieved when the Company satisfies the related performance obligation and revenue is recognized. Significant changes in the deferred revenue balances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 MA MIS Total MA MIS Total Balance at March 31, $ 1,288 $ 360 $ 1,648 $ 1,234 $ 377 $ 1,611 Changes in deferred revenue Revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period (592) (116) (708) (391) (117) (508) Increases due to amounts billable excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 417 91 508 213 94 307 Effect of exchange rate changes 3 1 4 (37) (7) (44) Total changes in deferred revenue (172) (24) (196) (215) (30) (245) Balance at June 30, $ 1,116 $ 336 $ 1,452 $ 1,019 $ 347 $ 1,366 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 MA MIS Total MA MIS Total Balance at December 31, $ 1,055 $ 278 $ 1,333 $ 1,039 $ 296 $ 1,335 Changes in deferred revenue Revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period (788) (160) (948) (654) (155) (809) Increases due to amounts billable excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 830 216 1,046 680 215 895 Increases due to acquisitions during the period — — — 1 — 1 Effect of exchange rate changes 19 2 21 (47) (9) (56) Total changes in deferred revenue 61 58 119 (20) 51 31 Balance at June 30, $ 1,116 $ 336 $ 1,452 $ 1,019 $ 347 $ 1,366 Deferred revenue - current $ 1,115 $ 270 $ 1,385 $ 1,017 $ 268 $ 1,285 Deferred revenue - non-current $ 1 $ 66 $ 67 $ 2 $ 79 $ 81 For the MA segment, the decrease in deferred revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was primarily due to the recognition of annual subscription and maintenance billings from December 2022 and January 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the increase in deferred revenue is primarily attributable to the high concentration of billings in the first quarter. For the MIS segment, the changes in the deferred revenue balance during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 were primarily related to the significant portion of contract renewals that occurred during the first quarter of 2023 and are generally recognized over a one year period. Remaining performance obligations Remaining performance obligations in the MA segment include both amounts recorded as deferred revenue on the balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 as well as amounts not yet invoiced to customers as of June 30, 2023, largely reflecting future revenue related to signed multi-year arrangements for hosted and installed subscription-based products. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $3.2 billion. The Company expects to recognize into revenue approximately 65% of this balance within one year, approximately 25% of this balance between one Remaining performance obligations in the MIS segment largely reflect deferred revenue related to monitoring fees for certain structured finance products, primarily CMBS, where the issuers can elect to pay the monitoring fees for the life of the security in advance. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $96 million. The Company expects to recognize into revenue approximately 25% of this balance within one year, approximately 50% of this balance between one |