LOANS | NOTE 3 – LOANS The composition of loans receivable is as follows: (In thousands) March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Residential 1-4 family $ 353,112 $ 346,299 Residential 5+ multifamily 35,008 35,455 Construction of residential 1-4 family 12,214 11,889 Home equity lines of credit 31,907 33,798 Residential real estate 432,241 427,441 Commercial 310,436 289,795 Construction of commercial 10,922 8,466 Commercial real estate 321,358 298,261 Farm land 3,612 3,641 Vacant land 14,488 7,893 Real estate secured 771,699 737,236 Commercial and industrial 157,573 169,411 Municipal 20,964 21,914 Consumer 8,195 6,385 Loans receivable, gross 958,431 934,946 Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net 1,329 1,362 Allowance for loan losses (10,618 ) (8,895 ) Loans receivable, net $ 949,142 $ 927,413 Loans held-for-sale Residential 1-4 family $ 580 $ 332 Salisbury has entered into loan participation agreements with other banks and transferred a portion of its originated loans to the participating banks. Transferred amounts are accounted for as sales and excluded from Salisbury's loans receivable. Salisbury and its participating lenders share ratably in any gains or losses that may result from a borrower's lack of compliance with contractual terms of the loan. Salisbury services the loans on behalf of the participating lenders and, as such, collects cash payments from the borrowers, remits payments (net of servicing fees) to participating lenders and disburses required escrow funds to relevant parties. Salisbury also has entered into loan participation agreements with other banks and purchased a portion of the other banks' originated loans. Purchased amounts are accounted for as loans without recourse to the originating bank. Salisbury and its originating lenders share ratably in any gains or losses that may result from a borrower's lack of compliance with contractual terms of the loan. The originating banks service the loans on behalf of the participating lenders and, as such, collect cash payments from the borrowers, remit payments (net of servicing fees) to participating lenders and disburse required escrow funds to relevant parties. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Salisbury serviced commercial loans for other banks under loan participation agreements totaling $62.6 million and $67.0 million, respectively. Concentrations of Credit Risk Salisbury's loans consist primarily of residential and commercial real estate loans located principally in Litchfield County, Connecticut; Dutchess, Orange and Ulster Counties, New York; and Berkshire County, Massachusetts, which constitute Salisbury's service area. Salisbury offers a broad range of loan and credit facilities to borrowers in its service area, including residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans, working capital loans, equipment loans, and a variety of consumer loans, including home equity lines of credit, installment loans and collateral loans. All residential and commercial mortgage loans are collateralized by first or second mortgages on real estate. The ability of single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the market area and real estate values. The ability of commercial borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is dependent on the general economy as well as the health of the real estate economic sector in Salisbury's market area. Salisbury's commercial loan portfolio is comprised of loans to diverse industries, several of which may experience operating challenges from the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic (“virus”). Approximately 34% of the Bank's commercial gross loans receivable are to entities who operate rental properties, which include commercial strip malls, smaller rental units as well as multi-unit dwellings. Approximately 15% of the Bank's gross commercial loan receivables is to entities in the hospitality industry, which includes hotels, bed & breakfast inns and restaurants. Approximately 8% of gross commercial loan receivables is to educational institutions and approximately 6% of Salisbury's gross commercial loan receivables is to entertainment and recreation related businesses, which include a ski resort, bowling alleys and amusement parks. Salisbury's commercial loan exposure is mitigated by a variety of factors including the personal liquidity of the borrower, real estate and/or non-real estate collateral, U.S. Department of Agriculture or Small Business Administration (“SBA”) guarantees, loan payment deferrals and economic stimulus loans from the U.S. government as a result of the virus, and other factors. The duration of the economic shutdown and the time required for businesses to recover may adversely affect the ability of some borrowers to make timely loan payments. During such economic shutdown and recovery, the Bank may experience higher loan payment delinquencies and higher loan charge-offs, which could warrant increased provisions for loan losses. Credit Quality Salisbury uses credit risk ratings as part of its determination of the allowance for loan losses. Credit risk ratings categorize loans by common financial and structural characteristics that measure the credit strength of a borrower. The rating model has eight risk rating grades, with each grade corresponding to a progressively greater risk of default. Grades 1 through 4 are pass ratings and 5 through 8 are criticized as defined by the regulatory agencies. Risk ratings are assigned to differentiate risk within the portfolio and are reviewed on an ongoing basis and revised, if needed, to reflect changes in the borrowers' current financial position and outlook, risk profiles and the related collateral and structural positions. Loans rated as "special mention" (5) possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management's close attention that if left uncorrected may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loans at some future date. Loans rated as "substandard" (6) are loans where the Bank's position is clearly not protected adequately by borrower current net worth or payment capacity. These loans have well defined weaknesses based on objective evidence and include loans where future losses to the Bank may result if deficiencies are not corrected, and loans where the primary source of repayment such as income is diminished and the Bank must rely on sale of collateral or other secondary sources of collection. Loans rated "doubtful" (7) have the same weaknesses as substandard loans with the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, given current facts, conditions, and values, to be highly improbable. The possibility of loss is high, but due to certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to strengthen the loan, its reclassification as an estimated loss is deferred until its exact status can be determined. Loans classified as "loss" (8) are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as Bank assets is unwarranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this loan even though partial recovery may be made in the future. Management actively reviews and tests its credit risk ratings against actual experience and engages an independent third-party to annually validate its assignment of credit risk ratings. In addition, the Bank's loan portfolio is examined periodically by its regulatory agencies, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Connecticut Department of Banking (“CTDOB”). The composition of loans receivable by risk rating grade is as follows: (in thousands) Pass Special mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Total March 31, 2020 Residential 1-4 family $ 344,792 $ 4,191 $ 4,129 $ — $ — $ 353,112 Residential 5+ multifamily 33,180 98 1,730 — — 35,008 Construction of residential 1-4 family 12,214 — — — — 12,214 Home equity lines of credit 31,313 387 207 — — 31,907 Residential real estate 421,499 4,676 6,066 — — 432,241 Commercial 291,486 4,687 14,192 71 — 310,436 Construction of commercial 10,684 — 238 — — 10,922 Commercial real estate 302,170 4,687 14,430 71 — 321,358 Farm land 1,918 — 1,694 — — 3,612 Vacant land 14,390 57 41 — — 14,488 Real estate secured 739,977 9,420 22,231 71 — 771,699 Commercial and industrial 155,326 473 1,774 — — 157,573 Municipal 20,964 — — — — 20,964 Consumer 8,157 4 34 — — 8,195 Loans receivable, gross $ 924,424 $ 9,897 $ 24,039 $ 71 $ — $ 958,431 (in thousands) Pass Special mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Total December 31, 2019 Residential 1-4 family $ 337,302 $ 4,278 $ 4,719 $ — $ — $ 346,299 Residential 5+ multifamily 33,619 99 1,737 — — 35,455 Construction of residential 1-4 family 11,889 — — — — 11,889 Home equity lines of credit 33,381 312 105 — — 33,798 Residential real estate 416,191 4,689 6,561 — — 427,441 Commercial 271,708 10,964 7,052 71 — 289,795 Construction of commercial 8,225 — 241 — — 8,466 Commercial real estate 279,933 10,964 7,293 71 — 298,261 Farm land 1,934 — 1,707 — — 3,641 Vacant land 7,834 59 — — — 7,893 Real estate secured 705,892 15,712 15,561 71 — 737,236 Commercial and industrial 167,458 443 1,510 — — 169,411 Municipal 21,914 — — — — 21,914 Consumer 6,344 3 38 — — 6,385 Loans receivable, gross $ 901,608 $ 16,158 $ 17,109 $ 71 $ — $ 934,946 The composition of loans receivable by delinquency status is as follows: Past due 180 30 Accruing (in thousands) days days 90 days 30-59 60-89 90-179 and and and Non- Current days days days over over over accrual March 31, 2020 Residential 1-4 family $ 349,628 $ 3,211 $ 236 $ 37 $ — $ 3,484 $ — $ 1,019 Residential 5+ multifamily 34,147 — — — 861 861 — 861 Construction of residential 1-4 family 12,214 — — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit 31,300 337 89 103 78 607 — 207 Residential real estate 427,289 3,548 325 140 939 4,952 — 2,087 Commercial 307,973 2,114 278 — 71 2,463 — 755 Construction of commercial 10,922 — — — — — — — Commercial real estate 318,895 2,114 278 — 71 2,463 — 755 Farm land 3,436 176 — — — 176 — 181 Vacant land 14,447 — — 41 — 41 41 — Real estate secured 764,067 5,838 603 181 1,010 7,632 41 3,023 Commercial and industrial 157,341 83 25 124 — 232 27 97 Municipal 20,964 — — — — — — — Consumer 8,190 4 1 — — 5 — — Loans receivable, gross $ 950,562 $ 5,925 $ 629 $ 305 $ 1,010 $ 7,869 $ 68 $ 3,120 Past due 180 30 Accruing (in thousands) days days 90 days 30-59 60-89 90-179 and and and Non- Current days days days over over over accrual December 31, 2019 Residential 1-4 family $ 344,085 $ 971 $ 351 $ 200 $ 692 $ 2,214 $ — $ 1,551 Residential 5+ multifamily 34,594 — — — 861 861 — 861 Construction of residential 1-4 family 11,889 — — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit 33,522 152 46 — 78 276 — 105 Residential real estate 424,090 1,123 397 200 1,631 3,351 — 2,517 Commercial 289,103 336 141 71 144 692 — 914 Construction of commercial 8,466 — — — — — — — Commercial real estate 297,569 336 141 71 144 692 — 914 Farm land 3,461 180 — — — 180 — 186 Vacant land 7,852 — 41 — — 41 — — Real estate secured 732,972 1,639 579 271 1,775 4,264 — 3,617 Commercial and industrial 169,262 2 146 1 — 149 1 — Municipal 21,914 — — — — — — — Consumer 6,382 — 1 2 — 3 2 — Loans receivable, gross $ 930,530 $ 1,641 $ 726 $ 274 $ 1,775 $ 4,416 $ 3 $ 3,617 Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) Troubled debt restructurings are as follows: For the three months ending March 31, 2020 For the three months ending March 31, 2019 (in thousands) Quantity Pre-modification balance Post-modification balance Quantity Pre-modification balance Post-modification balance Residential real estate — $ — $ — — $ — $ — Commercial real estate 1 133 133 — — — Consumer — — — — — — Troubled debt restructurings 1 $ 133 $ 133 — $ — $ — Interest only payments to sell property — $ — $ — — $ — $ — Rate reduction — — — — — — Modification and Rate reduction — — — — — — Workout refinance. Extension of new funds to pay outstanding taxes 1 133 133 — — — Modification and term extension — — — — — — Troubled debt restructurings 1 $ 133 $ 133 — $ — $ — For the three months ended March 31, 2020, there was one troubled debt restructurings. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no troubled debt restructurings. Salisbury currently does not have any commitments to lend additional funds to TDR loans. There were no modifications for TDRs within the last year where a concession has been made, that then defaulted in the current reporting period. All TDR loans are included in the Impaired Loan schedule and are individually evaluated. Allowance for Loan Losses Changes in the allowance for loan losses are as follows: Three months ended March 31, 2020 Three months ended March 31, 2019 (in thousands) Beginning balance Provision Charge- offs Reco- veries Ending balance Beginning balance Acquisition Discount Transfer Provision Charge- offs Reco- veries Ending balance Residential 1-4 family $ 2,393 $ 306 $ — $ 7 $ 2,706 $ 2,149 $ 10 $ (180 ) $ — $ 1 $ 1,980 Residential 5+ multifamily 446 62 — — 508 413 — 53 — — 466 Construction of residential 1-4 family 75 12 — — 87 83 — (6 ) — — 77 Home equity lines of credit 197 81 — — 278 219 1 (11 ) — — 209 Residential real estate 3,111 461 — 7 3,579 2,864 11 (144 ) — 1 2,732 Commercial 3,742 758 — 19 4,519 3,048 488 276 (9 ) — 3,803 Construction of commercial 104 22 — — 126 122 — 21 — — 143 Commercial real estate 3,846 780 — 19 4,645 3,170 488 297 (9 ) — 3,946 Farm land 47 5 — — 52 33 — 14 — — 47 Vacant land 71 73 — — 144 100 — (11 ) — — 89 Real estate secured 7,075 1,319 — 26 8,420 6,167 499 156 (9 ) 1 6,814 Commercial and industrial 1,145 (74 ) — — 1,071 1,158 164 (61 ) (30 ) 2 1,233 Municipal 46 7 — — 53 12 — 2 — — 14 Consumer 60 51 (12 ) 3 102 56 — (3 ) (6 ) 4 51 Unallocated 569 403 — — 972 438 — 200 — — 638 Totals $ 8,895 $ 1,706 $ (12 ) $ 29 $ 10,618 $ 7,831 $ 663 $ 294 $ (45 ) $ 7 $ 8,750 The composition of loans receivable and the allowance for loan losses is as follows: (in thousands) Collectively evaluated Individually evaluated Total portfolio Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance March 31, 2020 Residential 1-4 family $ 348,369 $ 2,400 $ 4,743 $ 306 $ 353,112 $ 2,706 Residential 5+ multifamily 34,031 508 977 — 35,008 508 Construction of residential 1-4 family 12,214 87 — — 12,214 87 Home equity lines of credit 31,700 252 207 26 31,907 278 Residential real estate 426,314 3,247 5,927 332 432,241 3,579 Commercial 306,125 3,986 4,311 533 310,436 4,519 Construction of commercial 10,922 126 — — 10,922 126 Commercial real estate 317,047 4,112 4,311 533 321,358 4,645 Farm land 3,431 52 181 — 3,612 52 Vacant land 14,311 136 177 8 14,488 144 Real estate secured 761,103 7,547 10,596 873 771,699 8,420 Commercial and industrial 157,354 1,063 219 8 157,573 1,071 Municipal 20,964 53 — — 20,964 53 Consumer 8,161 75 34 27 8,195 102 Unallocated allowance — 972 — — — 972 Totals $ 947,582 $ 9,710 $ 10,849 $ 908 $ 958,431 $ 10,618 (in thousands) Collectively evaluated Individually evaluated Total portfolio Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance December 31, 2019 Residential 1-4 family $ 340,847 $ 2,117 $ 5,452 $ 276 $ 346,299 $ 2,393 Residential 5+ multifamily 34,478 446 977 — 35,455 446 Construction of residential 1-4 family 11,889 75 — — 11,889 75 Home equity lines of credit 33,693 197 105 — 33,798 197 Residential real estate 420,907 2,835 6,534 276 427,441 3,111 Commercial 285,462 3,333 4,333 409 289,795 3,742 Construction of commercial 8,466 104 — — 8,466 104 Commercial real estate 293,928 3,437 4,333 409 298,261 3,846 Farm land 3,455 47 186 — 3,641 47 Vacant land 7,713 66 180 5 7,893 71 Real estate secured 726,003 6,385 11,233 690 737,236 7,075 Commercial and industrial 169,285 1,143 126 2 169,411 1,145 Municipal 21,914 46 — — 21,914 46 Consumer 6,349 59 36 1 6,385 60 Unallocated allowance — 569 — — — 569 Totals $ 923,551 $ 8,202 $ 11,395 $ 693 $ 934,946 $ 8,895 The credit quality segments of loans receivable and the allowance for loan losses are as follows: March 30, 2020 (in thousands) Collectively evaluated Individually evaluated Total portfolio Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Performing loans $ 930,294 $ 8,044 $ — $ — $ 930,294 $ 8,044 Potential problem loans 1 17,288 694 — — 17,288 694 Impaired loans — — 10,849 908 10,849 908 Unallocated allowance — 972 — — — 972 Totals $ 947,582 $ 9,710 $ 10,849 $ 908 $ 958,431 $ 10,618 December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Collectively evaluated Individually evaluated Total portfolio Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Performing loans $ 913,648 $ 7,251 $ — $ — $ 913,648 $ 7,251 Potential problem loans 1 9,903 382 — — 9,903 382 Impaired loans — — 11,395 693 11,395 693 Unallocated allowance — 569 — — — 569 Totals $ 923,551 $ 8,202 $ 11,395 $ 693 $ 934,946 $ 8,895 1 A specific valuation allowance is established for the impairment amount of each impaired loan, calculated using the present value of expected cash flows or the fair value of collateral, in accordance with the most likely means of recovery. Certain data with respect to loans individually evaluated for impairment is as follows as of and for the three months ended: Impaired loans with specific allowance Impaired loans with no specific allowance (in thousands) Loan balance Specific Income Loan balance Income Book Note Average allowance recognized Book Note Average recognized March 31, 2020 Residential $ 4,015 $ 4,140 $ 4,067 $ 306 $ 42 $ 1,705 $ 2,019 $ 2,070 $ 6 Home equity lines of credit 89 89 22 26 — 118 464 108 — Residential real estate 4,104 4,229 4,089 332 42 1,823 2,483 2,178 6 Commercial 3,672 3,741 3,405 533 44 638 1,254 924 10 Construction of commercial — — — — — — — — — Farm land — — — — — 181 327 184 — Vacant land 41 41 41 8 1 137 154 138 2 Real estate secured 7,817 8,011 7,535 873 87 2,779 4,218 3,424 18 Commercial and industrial 166 170 111 8 1 53 207 86 1 Consumer 34 34 35 27 — — — — — Totals $ 8,017 $ 8,215 $ 7,681 $ 908 $ 88 $ 2,832 $ 4,425 $ 3,510 $ 19 Impaired loans with specific allowance Impaired loans with no specific allowance (in thousands) Loan balance Specific Income Loan balance Income Book Note Average allowance recognized Book Note Average recognized March 31, 2019 Residential $ 2,769 $ 2,823 $ 2,780 $ 113 $ 27 $ 3,454 $ 4,758 $ 3,620 $ 16 Home equity lines of credit 45 45 46 2 1 407 495 409 — Residential real estate 2,814 2,868 2,826 115 28 3,861 5,253 4,029 16 Commercial 2,568 2,568 1,993 186 24 2,427 3,912 2,748 14 Construction of commercial 249 249 251 14 — 100 108 101 2 Farm land — — — — — 212 430 215 — Vacant land 42 42 42 2 1 145 165 146 3 Real estate secured 5,673 5,727 5,112 317 53 6,745 9,868 7,239 35 Commercial and industrial — — — — — 498 620 500 2 Consumer — — — — — — 1 — — Totals $ 5,673 $ 5,727 $ 5,112 $ 317 $ 53 $ 7,243 $ 10,489 $ 7,739 $ 37 Certain data with respect to loans individually evaluated for impairment is as follows as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019: Impaired loans with specific allowance Impaired loans with no specific allowance (in thousands) Loan balance Specific Income Loan balance Income Book Note Average allowance recognized Book Note Average recognized December 31, 2019 Residential $ 4,111 $ 4,190 $ 3,725 $ 276 $ 162 $ 2,318 $ 3,081 $ 2,940 $ 52 Home equity lines of credit — — 52 — — 105 450 391 — Residential real estate 4,111 4,190 3,777 276 162 2,423 3,531 3,331 52 Commercial 3,309 3,335 2,574 409 90 1,024 1,733 1,747 54 Construction of commercial — — 77 — — — — 39 — Farm land — — — — — 186 329 203 — Vacant land 41 41 42 5 3 139 157 143 10 Real estate secured 7,461 7,566 6,470 690 255 3,772 5,750 5,463 116 Commercial and industrial 93 97 16 2 4 33 188 265 4 Consumer 36 36 21 1 — — — 3 — Totals $ 7,590 $ 7,699 $ 6,507 $ 693 $ 259 $ 3,805 $ 5,938 $ 5,731 $ 120 |