Loans Receivable, Net | LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET The following table details overall statistics for our loans receivable portfolio ($ in thousands): June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Number of loans 191 203 Principal balance $ 24,590,905 $ 25,160,343 Net book value $ 24,118,874 $ 24,691,743 Unfunded loan commitments (1) $ 3,009,727 $ 3,806,153 Weighted-average cash coupon (2) + 3.43 % + 3.44 % Weighted-average all-in yield (2) + 3.77 % + 3.84 % Weighted-average maximum maturity (years) (3) 2.7 3.1 (1) Unfunded commitments will primarily be funded to finance our borrowers’ construction or development of real estate-related assets, capital improvements of existing assets, or lease-related expenditures. These commitments will generally be funded over the term of each loan, subject in certain cases to an expiration date. (2) The weighted-average cash coupon and all-in yield are expressed as a spread over the relevant floating benchmark rates, which include SOFR, USD LIBOR, SONIA, EURIBOR, and other indices, as applicable to each loan. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, substantially all of our loans by principal balance earned a floating rate of interest, primarily indexed to SOFR and USD LIBOR. Floating rate exposure includes an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $229.9 million that effectively converts our fixed rate loan exposure to floating rate exposure. In addition to cash coupon, all-in yield includes the amortization of deferred origination and extension fees, loan origination costs, and purchase discounts, as well as the accrual of exit fees. Excludes loans accounted for under the cost-recovery method. (3) Maximum maturity assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower, however our loans may be repaid prior to such date. As of June 30, 2023, 28% of our loans by principal balance were subject to yield maintenance or other prepayment restrictions and 72% were open to repayment by the borrower without penalty. As of December 31, 2022, 50% of our loans by principal balance were subject to yield maintenance or other prepayment restrictions and 50% were open to repayment by the borrower without penalty. The following table details the index rate floors for our loans receivable portfolio as of June 30, 2023 ($ in thousands): Loans Receivable Principal Balance Index Rate Floors USD Non-USD (1) Total Fixed Rate $ 40,390 $ — $ 40,390 0.00% or no floor (2) 4,519,901 7,137,346 11,657,247 0.01% to 1.00% floor 7,927,710 827,534 8,755,244 1.01% to 1.50% floor 1,755,631 159,826 1,915,457 1.51% to 2.00% floor 683,184 315,028 998,212 2.01% or more floor 1,224,355 — 1,224,355 Total (3) $ 16,151,171 $ 8,439,734 $ 24,590,905 (1) Includes Euro, British Pound Sterling, Swedish Krona, Australian Dollar, Swiss Franc, and Danish Krone currencies. (2) Includes an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $229.9 million that effectively converts our fixed rate loan exposure to floating rate exposure. (3) As of June 30, 2023, the weighted-average index rate floor of our loan portfolio was 0.43%. Excluding 0.0% index rate floors and loans with no floor, the weighted-average index rate floor was 0.79%. Activity relating to our loans receivable portfolio was as follows ($ in thousands): Principal Balance Deferred Fees / Other Items (1) Net Book Value Loans Receivable, as of December 31, 2022 $ 25,160,343 $ (142,463) $ 25,017,880 Loan fundings 715,507 — 715,507 Loan repayments and sales (1,471,756) — (1,471,756) Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency translation 186,811 (1,302) 185,509 Deferred fees and other items — (8,088) (8,088) Amortization of fees and other items — 43,697 43,697 Loans Receivable, as of June 30, 2023 $ 24,590,905 $ (108,156) $ 24,482,749 CECL reserve (363,875) Loans Receivable, net, as of June 30, 2023 $ 24,118,874 (1) Other items primarily consist of purchase and sale discounts or premiums, exit fees, and deferred origination expenses. The tables below detail the property type and geographic distribution of the properties securing the loans in our portfolio ($ in thousands): June 30, 2023 Property Type Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) Net Loan Exposure Percentage of Office 57 $ 9,144,160 $ 9,946,592 $ 8,153,099 35% Multifamily 78 6,074,837 6,215,656 6,031,007 26 Hospitality 27 4,710,058 4,733,603 4,411,701 19 Industrial 12 2,182,656 2,196,620 2,187,458 9 Retail 7 859,300 872,164 848,347 4 Life Sciences / Studio 4 394,179 671,360 394,696 2 Other 6 1,117,559 1,119,478 1,088,830 5 Total loans receivable 191 $ 24,482,749 $ 25,755,473 $ 23,115,138 100% CECL reserve (363,875) Loans receivable, net $ 24,118,874 Geographic Location Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) Net Loan Exposure Percentage of United States Sunbelt 70 $ 5,922,987 $ 6,057,503 $ 5,772,894 25% Northeast 34 5,423,738 5,441,150 4,508,193 20 West 32 3,474,245 4,540,222 3,438,215 15 Midwest 9 935,771 936,400 928,950 4 Northwest 6 336,724 340,464 338,507 1 Subtotal 151 16,093,465 17,315,739 14,986,759 65 International United Kingdom 23 3,578,515 3,605,195 3,349,450 14 Australia 5 1,386,528 1,396,424 1,390,044 6 Ireland 3 1,233,639 1,239,285 1,231,642 5 Spain 3 1,120,469 1,123,774 1,085,076 5 Sweden 1 456,280 459,022 458,668 2 Other Europe 5 613,853 616,034 613,499 3 Subtotal 40 8,389,284 8,439,734 8,128,379 35 Total loans receivable 191 $ 24,482,749 $ 25,755,473 $ 23,115,138 100% CECL reserve (363,875) Loans receivable, net $ 24,118,874 (1) In certain instances, we have executed a sale of a non-recourse senior loan interest that is not included in our consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure encompasses the entire loan we originated and sold, including $1.2 billion of such non-consolidated senior interests as of June 30, 2023. See Note 2 for further discussion. (2) Net loan exposure reflects the amount of each loan that is subject to risk of credit loss to us as of June 30, 2023, which is our total loan exposure net of (i) $1.2 billion of non-consolidated senior interests, (ii) $875.6 million of asset-specific debt, (iii) $236.3 million of loan participations sold, and (iv) our aggregate CECL reserve of $363.9 million. Our non-consolidated senior interests, asset-specific debt, and loan participations sold are structurally non-recourse and term-matched to the corresponding collateral loans . December 31, 2022 Property Type Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) Net Loan Exposure Percentage of Office 60 $ 9,082,946 $ 10,023,495 $ 8,099,334 34% Multifamily 80 6,214,123 6,330,153 6,189,298 26 Hospitality 30 4,879,314 4,908,583 4,552,404 19 Industrial 12 2,140,636 2,236,716 2,150,501 9 Retail 9 1,098,315 1,141,932 1,090,238 5 Life Sciences/Studio 4 358,676 570,089 359,830 2 Other 8 1,243,870 1,599,313 1,217,578 5 Total loans receivable 203 $ 25,017,880 $ 26,810,281 $ 23,659,183 100% CECL reserve (326,137) Loans receivable, net $ 24,691,743 Geographic Location Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) Net Loan Exposure Percentage of United States Sunbelt 75 $ 6,538,034 $ 6,802,928 $ 6,244,886 27% Northeast 36 5,339,874 5,666,968 4,570,180 19 West 33 3,515,517 4,547,946 3,486,343 15 Midwest 10 987,718 1,091,882 984,151 4 Northwest 6 317,863 321,937 320,156 1 Subtotal 160 16,699,006 18,431,661 15,605,716 66 International United Kingdom 23 3,362,629 3,393,126 3,123,925 13 Australia 5 1,405,601 1,417,318 1,408,565 6 Spain 4 1,237,446 1,241,808 1,204,218 5 Ireland 3 1,192,220 1,199,406 1,197,892 5 Sweden 1 473,374 476,673 476,367 2 Canada 1 49,409 49,432 49,398 — Other Europe 6 598,195 600,857 593,102 3 Subtotal 43 8,318,874 8,378,620 8,053,467 34 Total loans receivable 203 $ 25,017,880 $ 26,810,281 $ 23,659,183 100% CECL reserve (326,137) Loans receivable, net $ 24,691,743 (1) In certain instances, we have executed a sale of a non-recourse senior loan interest that is not included in our consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure encompasses the entire loan we originated and sold, including $1.6 billion of such non-consolidated senior interests as of December 31, 2022. See Note 2 for further discussion. (2) Net loan exposure reflects the amount of each loan that is subject to risk of credit loss to us as of December 31, 2022, which is our total loan exposure net of (i) $1.6 billion of non-consolidated senior interests, (ii) $950.3 million of asset-specific debt, (iii) $224.7 million of loan participations sold, and (iv) our aggregate CECL reserve of $326.1 million. Our non-consolidated senior interests, asset-specific debt, and loan participations sold are structurally non-recourse and term-matched to the corresponding collateral loans. Loan Risk Ratings As further described in Note 2, we evaluate our loan portfolio on a quarterly basis. In conjunction with our quarterly loan portfolio review, we assess the risk factors of each loan, and assign a risk rating based on several factors. Factors considered in the assessment include, but are not limited to, risk of loss, current LTV, debt yield, collateral performance, structure, exit plan, and sponsorship. Loans are rated “1” (less risk) through “5” (greater risk), which ratings are defined in Note 2. The following table allocates the net book value, total loan exposure, and net loan exposure of our loans receivable based on our internal risk ratings ($ in thousands): June 30, 2023 Risk Rating Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) 1 14 $ 1,079,927 $ 1,129,034 $ 1,080,883 2 40 6,119,929 6,702,386 5,162,941 3 115 13,058,671 13,694,483 12,914,436 4 15 3,138,665 3,143,646 3,085,355 5 7 1,085,557 1,085,924 871,523 Total loans receivable 191 $ 24,482,749 $ 25,755,473 $ 23,115,138 CECL reserve (363,875) Loans receivable, net $ 24,118,874 December 31, 2022 Risk Rating Number of Loans Net Book Value Total Loan Exposure (1) Net Loan Exposure (2) 1 17 $ 1,403,185 $ 1,428,232 $ 1,170,725 2 36 5,880,424 6,562,852 5,292,933 3 134 14,128,133 15,209,018 13,826,730 4 11 2,677,027 2,680,145 2,628,539 5 5 929,111 930,034 740,256 Total loans receivable 203 $ 25,017,880 $ 26,810,281 $ 23,659,183 CECL reserve (326,137) Loans receivable, net $ 24,691,743 (1) In certain instances, we have executed a sale of a non-recourse senior loan interest that is not included in our consolidated financial statements. Total loan exposure encompasses the entire loan we originated and sold, including $1.2 billion and $1.6 billion of such non-consolidated senior interests as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 2 for further discussion. (2) Net loan exposure reflects the amount of each loan that is subject to risk of credit loss to us as of June 30, 2023, which is our total loan exposure net of (i) $1.2 billion of non-consolidated senior interests, (ii) $875.6 million of asset-specific debt, (iii) $236.3 million of loan participations sold, and (iv) our aggregate CECL reserve of $363.9 million. Our net loan exposure as of December 31, 2022 is our total loan exposure net of (i) $1.6 billion of non-consolidated senior interests, (ii) $950.3 million of asset-specific debt, (iii) $224.7 million of loan participations sold, and (iv) our aggregate CECL reserve of $326.1 million. Our non-consolidated senior interests, asset-specific debt, and loan participations sold are structurally non-recourse and term-matched to the corresponding collateral loans. Our loan portfolio had a weighted-average risk rating of 2.9 as of both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Current Expected Credit Loss Reserve The CECL reserve required under GAAP reflects our current estimate of potential credit losses related to the loans included in our consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 2 for further discussion of our CECL reserve. The following table presents the activity in our loans receivable CECL reserve by investment pool for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 ($ in thousands): U.S. Loans (1) Non-U.S. Loans Unique Loans Impaired Loans Total Loans Receivable, Net CECL reserve as of December 31, 2022 $ 67,880 $ 22,519 $ 45,960 $ 189,778 $ 326,137 Increase (decrease) in CECL reserve 5,314 (2,823) 483 7,480 10,454 CECL reserve as of March 31, 2023 $ 73,194 $ 19,696 $ 46,443 $ 197,258 $ 336,591 Increase (decrease) in CECL reserve 1,199 9,296 (354) 17,143 27,284 CECL reserve as of June 30, 2023 $ 74,393 $ 28,992 $ 46,089 $ 214,401 $ 363,875 CECL reserve as of December 31, 2021 $ 26,885 $ 10,263 $ 32,657 $ 54,874 $ 124,679 Decrease in CECL reserve (644) (54) (1,760) — (2,458) CECL reserve as of March 31, 2022 $ 26,241 $ 10,209 $ 30,897 $ 54,874 $ 122,221 Increase in CECL reserve 7,070 1,135 2,598 — 10,803 CECL reserve as of June 30, 2022 $ 33,311 $ 11,344 $ 33,495 $ 54,874 $ 133,024 (1) Includes Canadian loans, which have similar risk characteristics as U.S. loans. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded an increase of $27.3 million in the CECL reserve against our loans receivable portfolio, bringing our total loans receivable CECL reserve to $363.9 million as of June 30, 2023. This CECL reserve reflects certain loans assessed for impairment in our portfolio, as well as macroeconomic conditions. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded an aggregate net increase of $17.1 million in the asset-specific CECL reserve related to our impaired loans. The increase was primarily driven by one additional loan that was impaired during the three months ended June 30, 2023. As of June 30, 2023, the income accrual was suspended on this loan as recovery of income and principal was doubtful. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded $2.1 million of interest income on this loan. As of June 30, 2023, we had an aggregate $214.4 million asset-specific CECL reserve related to seven of our loans receivable, with an aggregate amortized cost basis of $1.1 billion. This CECL reserve was recorded based on our estimation of the fair value of each of the loan's underlying collateral as of June 30, 2023. No income was recorded on each of our impaired loans subsequent to determining that they were impaired. As of June 30, 2023, all borrowers were compliant with all contractual terms of each respective loan, including payment of interest. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we received an aggregate $12.3 million of cash proceeds from such loans that were applied as a reduction to the principal balance of each respective loan. Refer to Note 2 for further discussion of our revenue recognition and CECL reserve policies. Our primary credit quality indicator is our risk ratings, which are further discussed above. The following tables present the net book value of our loan portfolio as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, by year of origination, investment pool, and risk rating ($ in thousands): Net Book Value of Loans Receivable by Year of Origination (1) As of June 30, 2023 Risk Rating 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total U.S. loans 1 $ — $ 151,081 $ 419,536 $ 39,902 $ 53,005 $ 416,403 $ 1,079,927 2 — 117,461 2,035,067 32,213 225,815 1,484,838 3,895,394 3 — 2,056,658 4,101,424 592,034 707,601 420,735 7,878,452 4 — 81,476 814,897 140,000 — 1,117,762 2,154,135 5 — — — — — — — Total U.S. loans $ — $ 2,406,676 $ 7,370,924 $ 804,149 $ 986,421 $ 3,439,738 $ 15,007,908 Non-U.S. loans 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 2 — 1,143,947 983,748 96,840 — — 2,224,535 3 — 567,330 1,203,907 — 2,002,986 85,118 3,859,341 4 — — — — 354,689 — 354,689 5 — — — — — — — Total Non-U.S. loans $ — $ 1,711,277 $ 2,187,655 $ 96,840 $ 2,357,675 $ 85,118 $ 6,438,565 Unique loans 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 2 — — — — — — — 3 — 874,358 — — 260,917 185,603 1,320,878 4 — — — — — 629,841 629,841 5 — — — — — — — Total unique loans $ — $ 874,358 $ — $ — $ 260,917 $ 815,444 $ 1,950,719 Impaired loans 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 2 — — — — — — — 3 — — — — — — — 4 — — — — — — — 5 — — 296,077 — — 789,480 1,085,557 Total impaired loans $ — $ — $ 296,077 $ — $ — $ 789,480 $ 1,085,557 Total loans receivable 1 $ — $ 151,081 $ 419,536 $ 39,902 $ 53,005 $ 416,403 $ 1,079,927 2 — 1,261,408 3,018,815 129,053 225,815 1,484,838 6,119,929 3 — 3,498,346 5,305,331 592,034 2,971,504 691,456 13,058,671 4 — 81,476 814,897 140,000 354,689 1,747,603 3,138,665 5 — — 296,077 — — 789,480 1,085,557 Total loans receivable $ — $ 4,992,311 $ 9,854,656 $ 900,989 $ 3,605,013 $ 5,129,780 $ 24,482,749 CECL reserve (363,875) Loans receivable, net $ 24,118,874 (1) Date loan was originated or acquired by us. Origination dates are subsequently updated to reflect material loan modifications. Net Book Value of Loans Receivable by Year of Origination (1) As of December 31, 2022 Risk Rating 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Total U.S. loans (2) 1 $ 145,152 $ 563,426 $ 5,075 $ 231,894 $ 415,471 $ — $ 1,361,018 2 117,314 1,742,289 362,062 156,478 1,178,721 — 3,556,864 3 2,035,111 5,776,346 411,880 735,772 472,134 80,323 9,511,566 4 — — — 96,542 1,160,627 132,687 1,389,856 5 — — — — — — — Total U.S. loans $ 2,297,577 $ 8,082,061 $ 779,017 $ 1,220,686 $ 3,226,953 $ 213,010 $ 15,819,304 Non-U.S. loans 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 2 590,580 609,270 94,995 1,028,715 — — 2,323,560 3 977,767 1,586,266 — 896,392 86,706 — 3,547,131 4 — — — 344,089 — — 344,089 5 — — — — — — — Total Non-U.S. loans $ 1,568,347 $ 2,195,536 $ 94,995 $ 2,269,196 $ 86,706 $ — $ 6,214,780 Unique loans 1 $ 42,167 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 42,167 2 — — — — — — — 3 893,114 — — — 176,322 — 1,069,436 4 — — — 289,141 653,941 — 943,082 5 — — — — — — — Total unique loans $ 935,281 $ — $ — $ 289,141 $ 830,263 $ — $ 2,054,685 Impaired loans 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 2 — — — — — — — 3 — — — — — — — 4 — — — — — — — 5 — 208,894 — — 284,809 435,408 929,111 Total impaired loans $ — $ 208,894 $ — $ — $ 284,809 $ 435,408 $ 929,111 Total loans receivable 1 $ 187,319 $ 563,426 $ 5,075 $ 231,894 $ 415,471 $ — $ 1,403,185 2 707,894 2,351,559 457,057 1,185,193 1,178,721 — 5,880,424 3 3,905,992 7,362,612 411,880 1,632,164 735,162 80,323 14,128,133 4 — — — 729,772 1,814,568 132,687 2,677,027 5 — 208,894 — — 284,809 435,408 929,111 Total loans receivable $ 4,801,205 $ 10,486,491 $ 874,012 $ 3,779,023 $ 4,428,731 $ 648,418 $ 25,017,880 CECL reserve (326,137) Loans receivable, net $ 24,691,743 (1) Date loan was originated or acquired by us. Origination dates are subsequently updated to reflect material loan modifications. (2) Includes Canadian loans, which have similar risk characteristics as U.S. loans. Loan Modifications Pursuant to ASC 326 In the second quarter of 2023, we entered into three loan modifications, which require disclosure pursuant to ASC 326. All such loans were collateralized by office assets. Two of the loan modifications included other-than-insignificant payment delays, specifically the option to pay interest in-kind. For one of the loans the maximum maturity date was extended by six months, the borrower contributed $2.0 million of additional reserves, and the interest rate increased by 5.11%. The other modification included an additional 4.00% exit fee. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate amortized cost basis of the loans was $286.7 million, or 1.2% of our aggregate loans receivable portfolio, and they had an aggregate $10.0 million of unfunded commitments. The loans paid all contractual interest due as of June 30, 2023, had risk ratings of 5 as of June 30, 2023, and have asset-specific CECL reserves. The third loan modification included a term extension of nineteen months, a rate reduction of 2.74% and conversion to fixed rate, with a portion of the interest paid in-kind. The borrower repaid $4.9 million of the loan at the time of modification, with an additional $2.5 million of repayment due during the initial maturity period. As of June 30, 2023, the amortized cost basis of the loan was $229.9 million, or 0.9% of our aggregate loans receivable portfolio, and it had no unfunded commitment. The loan has paid all contractual interest due as of June 30, 2023, had a risk rating of 4 as of June 30, 2023, and its modified terms were included in the determination of our general CECL reserve . Multifamily Joint Venture |