If completed, this merger will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The pro forma effect of the merger on the SPG's balance sheet will be the reclassification of the entire carrying amount of SPG’s preferred stock of subsidiary to be included in the caption all series of preferred stock within shareholder’s squity. In addition, the pro forma effect on the statement of operations will be the reclassificaiton of preferred dividends of subsidiary to preferred dividends. All other pro forma impacts associated with this transaction are immaterial.
During the first quarter of 2001 we recorded a $1.6 million expense as a cumulative effect of an accounting change, which includes our $1.4 million share from unconsolidated entities, due to the adoption of SFAS 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended. See Note 5 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the cumulative effect of accounting change. During the first quarter of 2000 we recorded a $12.3 million expense as a cumulative effect of an accounting change, which includes our $1.8 million share from unconsolidated entities, due to the adoption of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, which addressed certain revenue recognition policies, including the accounting for overage rent by a landlord.
The $2.7 million net gain on the sales of assets in 2001 results from the sale of our interests in one regional mall, one community center, and an office building for a gross sales price of approximately $20.3 million. In 2000, we recognized a net gain of $7.1 million on the sale of one regional mall.
Income before allocation to limited partners was $62.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2001, which reflects a $3.7 million or 6.4% increase over 2000, primarily for the reasons discussed above. Income before allocation to limited partners was allocated to the Companies based on SPG’s direct ownership of Ocean County Mall and certain net lease assets, and the Companies’ preferred Unit preferences and weighted average ownership interests in the Operating Partnerships during the period.
The comparability between SRC’s balance sheet as of March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000 and results of operations for the three-months ended March 31, 2001 and March 31, 2000 have been affected by the following:
• Effective March 31 2001 ownership of clixnmortar.com transferred from SRC to the Management Company. See Note 1 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the transfer.
• Effective January 1, 2001 ownership of SBV transferred from SRC to of the SPG Operating Partnership.
Preferred distributions of the SPG Operating Partnership represent distributions on preferred Units issued in connection with the NED Acquisition. Preferred dividends of subsidiary represent distributions on preferred stock of SPG Properties, Inc., a 99.999% owned subsidiary of SPG.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2001, our balance of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents was $135.0 million, including $42.5 million related to our gift certificate program, which we do not consider available for general working capital purposes. We have a $1.25 billion unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) which had available credit of $598.5 million at March 31, 2001. The Credit Facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 65 basis points and has an initial maturity of August 2002, with an additional one-year extension available at our option. SPG and the SPG Operating Partnership also have access to public equity and debt markets. Our current corporate bond ratings are Baa1 by Moody’s Investors Service and BBB+ by Standard & Poor’s.
We anticipate that cash generated from operating performance will provide the funds we need on a short- and long-term basis for operating expenses, interest expense on outstanding indebtedness, recurring capital expenditures, and distributions to shareholders in accordance with REIT requirements. Sources of capital for nonrecurring capital expenditures, such as major building renovations and expansions, as well as for scheduled principal payments, including balloon payments, on outstanding indebtedness are expected to be obtained from:
• excess cash generated from operating performance
• working capital reserves
• additional debt financing and
• additional equity raised in the public markets
Financing and Debt
At March 31, 2001, we had combined consolidated debt of $8.7 billion, of which $6.6 billion was fixed-rate debt, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 7.3% and $2.1 billion was variable-rate debt bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 6.2%. As of March 31, 2001, we had interest rate protection agreements related to combined consolidated variable-rate debt with a total carrying amount of $404.2 million. Our interest rate protection agreements did not materially impact interest expense or weighted average borrowing rates for the three months ended March 31, 2001 or 2000.
Our share of total scheduled principal payments of mortgage and other indebtedness, including unconsolidated joint venture indebtedness over the next five years is $6.8 billion, with $4.0 billion thereafter. Our ratio of consolidated debt-to-market capitalization was 55.5% and 57.0% at March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, respectively.
See Note 7 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the unsecured debt issued on January 11, 2001.
Acquisitions and Disposals
We continue to review and evaluate a limited number of acquisition opportunities. However, due to the rapid consolidation of the regional mall business and the current status of the capital markets, we believe that acquisition activity in the near term will be a less significant component of our growth strategy. We believe funds on hand, and amounts available under the Credit Facility, together with the ability to issue shares of common stock and/or Units, provide the means to finance certain acquisitions. We cannot assure you that we will not be required to, or will not elect to, even if not required to, obtain funds from outside sources, including through the sale of debt or equity securities, to finance significant acquisitions, if any.
Dispositions
During the first quarter of 2001, we sold our interests in one regional mall, one community center, and one office building for a combined gross sales price of $20.3 million, resulting in a net combined gain of $2.7 million. The net proceeds of approximately $19.6 million, were used for general working capital purposes.
In addition to the Property sales described above, as a continuing part of our long-term strategic plan, management continues to pursue the sale of its remaining non-retail holdings and a number of retail assets that are no longer aligned with our strategic criteria, including four community centers currently under contract for sale. We expect the sale prices of its non-core assets, if sold, will not differ materially from the carrying value of the related assets.
Development Activity
New Developments. Development activities are an ongoing part of our business. During 2000, we opened two new Properties aggregating approximately 1.7 million square feet of GLA. In total, we invested approximately $179.6 million on new developments in 2000. With fewer new developments currently under construction, we expect 2001 development costs to be approximately $76.2 million.
Strategic Expansions and Renovations. One of our key objectives is to increase the profitability and market share of the Properties through the completion of strategic renovations and expansions. During 2000, we invested approximately $201.6 million on redevelopment projects and completed five major redevelopment projects, which added approximately 1.2 million square feet of GLA to the Portfolio. We have a number of renovation and/or expansion projects currently under construction, or in preconstruction development and expect to invest approximately $121.0 million on redevelopment in 2001.
International Expansion. The SPG Operating Partnership and the Management Company have a 29% ownership interest in European Retail Enterprises, B.V. (“ERE”) and Groupe BEG, S.A. (“BEG”), respectively, which are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. BEG and ERE are fully integrated European retail real estate developers, lessors and managers. Our total cash investment in ERE and BEG at March 31, 2001 was approximately $46.3 million, with commitments for an additional $16.6 million, subject to certain performance and other criteria, including our approval of development projects. The agreements with BEG and ERE are structured to allow us to acquire an additional 25% ownership interest over time. As of March 31, 2001, BEG and ERE had three Properties open in Poland and two in France.
Technology Initiatives. We continue to evolve our technology initiatives through our association with several third party participants. Through our clixnmortar subsidiary, we have formed an alliance with Found Inc. to build an infrastructure for retailers where shoppers can identify merchandise on line that is actually in inventory at a store and initiate a transaction either at the store or online. Through MerchantWired LLC, we are creating, along with all the other leading retail real estate developers, a full service retail infrastructure company that provides retailers across the country access to a high speed, highly reliable and secure broadband network. The SPG Operating Partnership owns an approximately 53% noncontrolling interest in MerchantWired LLC and accounts for it using the equity method of accounting. In addition, in 2000 we joined with other leading real estate companies across a broad range of property sectors to form Constellation Real Technologies, which is designed to form, incubate and sponsor real estate-related Internet, e-commerce and technology enterprises; acquire interests in existing “best of breed” companies; and act as a consolidator of real estate technology across property sectors. In September 2000, Constellation announced its initial investment of $25.0 million in FacilityPro.com, a business-to-business electronic marketplace designed for the efficient procurement of facilities’ products and services. Our share of this investment is $2.5 million.
These activities may generate losses in the initial years of operation, while programs are being developed and customer bases are being established. We expect to continue to invest in these programs over the next two years and together with the other members of MerchantWired, LLC have guaranteed our pro rata share of equipment lease payments up to $53.0 million. We cannot assure you that our technology programs will succeed.
Distributions. On May 8th, 2001, SPG declared a common stock dividend of $0.525 per share which represents a 4% increase. The current combined annual distribution rate is $2.10 per Paired Share. SPG declared distributions on its common stock in 2000 aggregating $2.02 per share. On February 6, 2001, SPG declared a distribution of $0.5050 per Paired Share payable on February 28, 2001, to shareholders of record on February 16, 2001. Future distributions will be determined based on actual results of operations and cash available for distribution.
Investing and Financing Activities
Cash used in investing activities of $60.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2001 includes capital expenditures of $74.8 million, investments in unconsolidated joint ventures of $13.6 million, and advances to the Management Company of $32.2 million. Capital expenditures include development costs of $13.0 million, renovation and expansion costs of $45.1 million and tenant costs and other operational capital expenditures of $16.8 million. These cash uses are partially offset by distributions from unconsolidated entities of $41.1 million and net proceeds of $19.6 million from the sale of three properties previously mentioned.
Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2001 was $126.5 million and includes net distributions of $141.8 million, partially offset by net borrowings of $15.3 million.
EBITDA—Earnings from Operating Results before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization
We believe that there are several important factors that contribute to our ability to increase rent and improve profitability of our shopping centers, including aggregate tenant sales volume, sales per square foot, occupancy levels and tenant costs. Each of these factors has a significant effect on EBITDA. We believe that EBITDA is an effective measure of shopping center operating performance because:
• | it is industry practice to evaluate real estate properties based on operating income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, which is generally equivalent to EBITDA |
• | EBITDA is unaffected by the debt and equity structure of the property owner. |
However, you should understand that EBITDA:
• | does not represent cash flow from operations as defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States |
• | should not be considered as an alternative to net income as a measure of operating performance |
• | is not indicative of cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities |
• | is not an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. |
Total EBITDA for the Properties increased from $484.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2000 to $511.6 million for the same period in 2001, representing a 5.5% increase. This growth is primarily the result of increased rental rates, increased tenant sales, improved occupancy levels, effective control of operating costs and the addition of GLA to the Portfolio through expansions. During this period, the operating profit margin increased from 63.3% to 63.7%. There were no major acquisitions during 2001.
FFO-Funds from Operations
FFO is an important and widely used measure of the operating performance of REITs, which provides a relevant basis for comparison among REITs. FFO, as defined by NAREIT, means consolidated net income without giving effect to real estate related depreciation and amortization, gains or losses from extraordinary items and gains or losses on sales of real estate, plus the allocable portion, based on economic ownership interest, of funds from operations of unconsolidated joint ventures, all determined on a consistent basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. However, FFO:
• | does not represent cash flow from operations as defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States |
• | should not be considered as an alternative to net income as a measure of operating performance |
• | is not an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. |
The following summarizes our FFO and that of the Companies and reconciles our combined income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of accounting change to our FFO for the periods presented:
| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|
| 2001
| 2000
|
(In thousands) | | |
Our FFO | $177,569
| $170,225
|
Reconciliation: | | |
Income Before Extraordinary Items and Cumulative Effect of AccountingChange (1) (2) | $63,775 | $71,136 |
Plus: | | |
Depreciation and amortization from combined consolidated Properties | 106,166 | 98,236 |
Our share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated affiliates | 31,257 | 28,801 |
| | |
Less: | | |
Gain on sale of asset, net | (2,711) | (7,096) |
Minority interest portion of depreciation and amortization | (1,487) | (1,480) |
Preferred distributions (including preferred distributions of a subsidiary and to preferred unitholders) | (19,431)
| (19,372)
|
Our FFO | $177,569
| $170,225
|
FFO Allocable to the Companies | $128,766
| $123,506
|
Notes:
(1) Includes gains on land sales of $1.2 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
(2) Includes straight-line rent adjustments to minimum rent of $4.3 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Portfolio Data
Operating statistics do not include those Properties located outside of the United States.
Aggregate Tenant Sales Volume. For the three months ended March 31, 2001 compared to the same period in 2000, total reported retail sales at mall and freestanding GLA we own (“Owned GLA”) in the regional malls increased $195 million or 9.2% from $2,134 million to $2,330 million, primarily as a result of increased productivity of our existing tenant base and an overall increase in occupancy. Retail sales at Owned GLA affect revenue and profitability levels because they determine the amount of minimum rent that can be charged, the percentage rent realized, and the recoverable expenses (common area maintenance, real estate taxes, etc.) the tenants can afford to pay.
Occupancy Levels. Occupancy levels for Owned GLA at mall and freestanding stores in the regional malls increased from 89.5% at March 31, 2000, to 90.2% at March 31, 2001. Owned GLA has decreased 0.5 million square feet from March 31, 2000, to March 31, 2001, primarily as a result of dispositions.
Average Base Rents. Average base rents per square foot of mall and freestanding Owned GLA at regional malls increased 3.9%, from $27.52 at March 31, 2000 to $28.60 at March 31, 2001.
Inflation
Inflation has remained relatively low during the past four years and has had a minimal impact on the operating performance of the Properties. Nonetheless, substantially all of the tenants’ leases contain provisions designed to lessen the impact of inflation. These provisions include clauses enabling us to receive percentage rentals based on tenants’ gross sales, which generally increase as prices rise, and/or escalation clauses, which generally increase rental rates during the terms of the leases. In addition, many of the leases are for terms of less than ten years, which may enable us to replace existing leases with new leases at higher base and/or percentage rentals if rents of the existing leases are below the then-existing market rate. Substantially all of the leases, other than those for anchors, require the tenants to pay a proportionate share of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation.
However, inflation may have a negative impact on some of our other operating items. Interest and general and administrative expenses may be adversely affected by inflation as these specified costs could increase at a rate higher than rents. Also, for tenant leases with stated rent increases, inflation may have a negative effect as the stated rent increases in these leases could be lower than the increase in inflation at any given time.
Seasonality
The shopping center industry is seasonal in nature, particularly in the fourth quarter during the holiday season, when tenant occupancy and retail sales are typically at their highest levels. In addition, shopping malls achieve most of their temporary tenant rents during the holiday season. As a result of the above, our earnings are generally highest in the fourth quarter of each year.
Retail Climate and Tenant Bankruptcies
A number of local, regional, and national retailers, including both in-line and anchor tenants, have recently announced store closings or filed for bankruptcy. Some changeover in tenants is normal in our business. We lost 800,000 square feet of tenants in 2000 and 580,000 square feet in the first quarter of 2001 to bankruptcies. Pressures which affect consumer confidence, job growth, energy costs and income gains, however, can affect retail sales growth and a continuing soft economic cycle may impact our ability to retenant property vacancies resulting from these store closings or bankruptcies.
The geographical diversity of our portfolio mitigates some of our risk in the event of an economic downturn. In addition, the diversity of our tenant mix also is a factor because no single retailer represents neither more than 2.0% of total GLA nor more than 3.5% of our annualized base minimum rent. Bankruptcies and store closings may, in some circumstances, create opportunities for us to release spaces at higher rents to tenants with enhanced sales performance. Our previously demonstrated ability to successfully retenant anchor and in line store locations reflects our resilience to fluctuations in economic cycles. While these factors reflect some of the inherent strengths of our portfolio in a difficult retail environment, successful execution of a releasing strategy is not assured.
Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Sensitivity Analysis. Our combined future earnings, cash flows and fair values relating to financial instruments are dependent upon prevalent market rates of interest, primarily LIBOR. Based upon consolidated indebtedness and interest rates at March 31, 2001, a 0.50% increase in the market rates of interest would decrease annual future earnings and cash flows by approximately $9.8 million, and would decrease the fair value of debt by approximately $450.7 million. A 0. 50% decrease in the market rates of interest would increase annual future earnings and cash flows by approximately $9.8 million, and would increase the fair value of debt by approximately $518.3 million. We manage our exposure to interest rate risk by a combination of interest rate protection agreements to effectively fix or cap a portion of our variable rate debt and by refinancing fixed rate debt at times when rates and terms are appropriate.
Part II - Other Information
Item 1: Legal Proceedings
Please refer to Note 9 of the combined financial statements for a summary of material pending litigation.
Item 6: Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
None.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
One report on Form 8-K was filed during the current period.
On February 16, 2001 under Item 5 - Other Events, SPG reported that it made available additional ownership and operational information concerning the Companies, the Operating Partnerships, and the properties owned or managed as of December 31, 2000, in the form of a Supplemental Information Package. A copy of the package was included as an exhibit to the 8-K filing. In addition, SPG reported that, on February 8, 2001, it issued a press release containing information on earnings as of December 31, 2000 and other matters. A copy of the press release was included as an exhibit to the filing.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, INC. AND |
| SPG REALTY CONSULTANTS, INC. |
| |
| /s/ Stephen E. Sterrett
|
| Stephen E. Sterrett, |
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| |
| Date: May 15, 2001 |