Investments | Investments The following tables summarize the unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair value of our investments classified as available-for-sale debt securities as of the dates indicated (in millions): September 30, 2024 Gross Gross Gross Estimated Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 2,585 $ 3 $ (3) $ 2,585 Government and agency securities 724 — (7) 717 $ 3,309 $ 3 $ (10) $ 3,302 Long-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 655 $ 10 $ (1) $ 664 Government and agency securities 294 1 (3) 292 $ 949 $ 11 $ (4) $ 956 December 31, 2023 Gross Gross Gross Estimated Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 2,170 $ — $ (8) $ 2,162 Government and agency securities 382 — (11) 371 $ 2,552 $ — $ (19) $ 2,533 Long-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 338 $ — $ (10) $ 328 Government and agency securities 287 — (16) 271 $ 625 $ — $ (26) $ 599 Our fixed-income investments consist of predominantly investment grade corporate debt securities and government and agency securities. The corporate debt and government and agency securities that we invest in are generally deemed to be low risk based on their credit ratings from major rating agencies. The longer the duration of these securities, the more susceptible they are to changes in market interest rates and bond yields. As interest rates increase, securities purchased at a lower yield show a mark-to-market unrealized loss. The unrealized losses are primarily due to changes in credit spreads and interest rates. We regularly review investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment using both qualitative and quantitative criteria. Investments classified as available-for-sale debt securities are carried at fair value with changes reflected in other comprehensive income. Where there is an intention or a requirement to sell an impaired available-for-sale debt security, the entire impairment is recognized in earnings with a corresponding adjustment to the amortized cost basis of the security. From time to time, we sell available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position and recognize an immaterial loss. We regularly review investment securities for credit impairment using both qualitative and quantitative criteria. In making this assessment, we consider the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, any adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses will be recorded through interest income and other, net for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. We did not recognize any credit-related impairment through an allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2024. Investment securities in a continuous loss position for less than 12 months had an estimated fair value of $1.3 billion and unrealized losses of $1 million as of September 30, 2024 compared to an estimated fair value of $1.5 billion and unrealized losses of $2 million as of December 31, 2023. Investment securities in a continuous loss position for greater than 12 months had an estimated fair value of $728 million and unrealized losses of $13 million as of September 30, 2024 compared to an estimated fair value of $1.1 billion and unrealized losses of $43 million as of December 31, 2023. Refer to “Note 14 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” for amounts reclassified to earnings from unrealized gains and losses. The following table presents estimated fair values of our short-term and long-term investments classified as available-for-sale debt securities by date of contractual maturity as of the date indicated (in millions): September 30, One year or less $ 3,302 One year through two years 369 Two years through three years 582 Three years through four years — Four years through five years — Thereafter 5 Total $ 4,258 Equity Investments The following table summarizes our equity investments as of the dates indicated (in millions): Balance Sheet Location September 30, December 31, Equity investment in Adevinta Equity investment in Adevinta $ — $ 4,474 Equity investment in Aurelia Equity investment in Aurelia 1,910 — Other equity investments under the fair value option Long-term investments 378 382 Other equity investments without readily determinable fair values Long-term investments 144 93 Equity investments under the equity method of accounting Long-term investments 56 55 Total equity investments $ 2,488 $ 5,004 Equity investments under the fair value option Equity Investment in Adevinta Upon completion of the transfer of our Classifieds business to Adevinta in 2021, we received an equity investment of 44% in Adevinta valued at $10.8 billion at the close of the transfer. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed the sale of approximately 135 million of our voting shares in Adevinta to Permira, inclusive of the option exercised by Permira to purchase additional voting shares, for total cash consideration of approximately $2.3 billion, which reduced our ownership in Adevinta to 33%. At the initial recognition of this equity investment in Adevinta, we elected the fair value option where subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” in the condensed consolidated statement of income. The investment was reported within the “Current assets” section in our condensed consolidated balance sheet and was classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Refer to “Note 7 — Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for more information. The fair value of the investment was $4,474 million as of December 31, 2023. On May 29, 2024, we completed the previously announced sale of (1) 227 million Adevinta shares to Aurelia BidCo 1 Norway AS in exchange for approximately $2.4 billion in cash and (2) 177 million Adevinta shares to Aurelia Netherlands TopCo B.V. (“Aurelia”) in exchange for the issuance of 177 million shares of the new entity, Aurelia (collectively, the “Transactions”) valued at $1.9 billion and representing approximately 18.3% ownership of the outstanding equity of Aurelia as of the date of the Transactions. The equity investment in Aurelia is accounted for under the measurement alternative as we are not able to exercise significant influence based on the governance structure defined in the terms of the Transaction Completion Agreement and the Aurelia Shareholder Agreement. Refer to "Equity investments without readily determinable fair values” below for additional information. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an unrealized loss of $234 million and a realized gain on sale of $78 million were recorded in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” on our condensed consolidated statement of income related to the sale of the investment in Adevinta. In connection with the Transactions, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 we reduced “Deferred tax liabilities” by $456 million and increased “Income taxes payable” by $458 million on our condensed consolidated balance sheet related to the taxable gain on disposition of Adevinta shares. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, unrealized gains of $1,367 million and $1,331 million, respectively, were recorded in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” on our condensed consolidated statement of income related to the change in fair value of the investment in Adevinta. Other equity investments under the fair value option Equity investment in Gmarket In 2021, we completed the sale of 80.01% of the outstanding equity interests of eBay Korea to Emart. Upon completion of the sale, we retained 19.99% of the outstanding equity interest of the new entity, Gmarket, over whom we are able to exercise significant influence based on the terms of the securities purchase agreement, including through our board representation. Our equity investment in Gmarket was valued at $728 million as of the transaction close date. At the initial recognition of this equity investment, we elected the fair value option where subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” in the condensed consolidated statement of income. The investment is reported within “Long-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheet and is classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy as the valuation reflects management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the equity investment. We believe the fair value option election creates more transparency of the current value in the equity investment in Gmarket. Refer to “Note 7 — Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for more information. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, unrealized gains of $16 million and unrealized losses of $12 million, respectively, related to the change in fair value of the investment were recorded in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” on our condensed consolidated statement of income compared to $43 million and $83 million of unrealized losses recorded during the same periods in 2023. The fair value of the investment was $323 million and $335 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Other investments Certain other individually immaterial equity investments aggregating to $55 million as of September 30, 2024 and $47 million as of December 31, 2023 are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient, and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. Refer to “Note 7 — Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for more information. Equity investments without readily determinable fair values Equity investments without readily determinable fair values are non-marketable equity securities, which are investments in privately-held companies for which we do not exercise significant influence and are accounted for under the measurement alternative. Under the measurement alternative, the carrying value is measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Changes in value and impairments of equity investments without readily determinable fair values are recognized in “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” in our condensed consolidated statement of income. Equity investments without readily determinable fair values are presented within “Long-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Equity investment in Aurelia As discussed in the “Equity Investment in Adevinta” section above, our equity investment in Aurelia is accounted for under the measurement alternative as we are not able to exercise significant influence over Aurelia. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, no upward or downward adjustments to the carrying value of our equity investment in Aurelia were recorded. The carrying value of the investment was $1.9 billion as of September 30, 2024. In connection with the Transactions discussed above, we also granted Aurelia UK Feederco Limited a six month option to purchase Aurelia shares (the "Aurelia Option"), which, if exercised, would reduce our ownership in Aurelia to approximately 8.3% of the outstanding equity of Aurelia. The Aurelia Option is reported within the “Current liabilities” section in our condensed consolidated balance sheet and is classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy as the valuation reflects management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the equity investment. The Aurelia Option was valued at $74 million as of September 30, 2024. Refer to “Note 7 — Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for more information. Other equity investments without readily determinable fair values For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded additions of $10 million and $51 million compared to immaterial additions during the same periods in 2023. The change in value of our other equity method investments without readily determinable fair values for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was immaterial both individually and in the aggregate. Other equity method investments We account for certain other individually immaterial equity investments through which we exercise significant influence but do not have control over the investee under the equity method. Our consolidated results of operations include, as a component of “Interest income and other, net”, our share of the net income or loss of the equity investments. Equity method investments are presented within “Long-term investments” in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our share of the net income or loss of equity method investments for each of the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was immaterial both individually and in the aggregate. Gains and losses on equity investments The following table summarizes unrealized gains and losses on equity investments held as of September 30, 2024 and presented within “Gain (loss) on equity investments and warrant, net” for the periods indicated (in millions): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments $ 19 $ 1,321 $ (166) $ 1,236 Less: Net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period — — 78 — Total unrealized gains (losses) on equity investments held, end of period $ 19 $ 1,321 $ (244) $ 1,236 |