Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits | Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits The Company maintains several qualified and non-qualified pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. The Company's significant pension, post-retirement health care benefit and defined contribution plans are discussed below. The Company's other pension and post-retirement plans are not significant individually or in the aggregate. Qualified Plans HNH sponsors a defined benefit pension plan, the WHX Pension Plan, covering many of H&H's employees and certain employees of H&H's former subsidiary, Wheeling-Pittsburgh Corporation ("WPC"). The WHX Pension Plan was established in May 1998 as a result of the merger of the former H&H plans, which covered substantially all H&H employees, and the WPC plan. The WPC plan, covering most United Steel Workers of America-represented employees of WPC, was created pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement ratified on August 12, 1997. Prior to that date, benefits were provided through a defined contribution plan, the Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Retirement Security Plan ("RSP Plan"). The assets of the RSP Plan were merged into the WPC plan as of December 1, 1997. Under the terms of the WHX Pension Plan, the benefit formula and provisions for the WPC and H&H participants continued as they were designed under each of the respective plans prior to the merger. The qualified pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan were frozen as of December 31, 2005 and April 30, 2006 for hourly and salaried non-bargaining participants, respectively, with the exception of a single operating unit. In 2011, the benefits were frozen for the remainder of the participants. WPC employees ceased to be active participants in the WHX Pension Plan effective July 31, 2003, and as a result, such employees no longer accrue benefits under the WHX Pension Plan. JPS sponsors a defined benefit pension plan ("JPS Pension Plan"), which was assumed in connection with the JPS acquisition. Under the JPS Pension Plan, substantially all of JPS's employees who were employed prior to April 1, 2005 have benefits. The JPS Pension Plan was frozen effective December 31, 2005. Employees no longer earned additional benefits after that date. Benefits earned prior to December 31, 2005 will be paid out to eligible participants following retirement. The JPS Pension Plan was "unfrozen" for employees who were active employees on or after June 1, 2012. This new benefit, calculated based on years of service and a capped average salary, will be added to the amount of any pre-2005 benefit. The JPS Pension Plan was again frozen for all future accruals effective December 31, 2015, although unvested participants may still vest in accrued but unvested benefits. Bairnco had several pension plans, which covered substantially all of its employees. In 2006, Bairnco froze the Bairnco Corporation Retirement Plan and initiated employer contributions to its 401(k) plan. On June 2, 2008, two Bairnco plans (Salaried and Kasco) were merged into the WHX Pension Plan. Some of the Company's foreign subsidiaries provide retirement benefits for their employees through defined contribution plans or otherwise provide retirement benefits for employees consistent with local practices. The foreign plans are not significant in the aggregate and, therefore, are not included in the following disclosures. Pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan are based on years of service and the amount of compensation earned during the participants' employment. However, as noted above, the qualified pension benefits have been frozen for all participants. Pension benefits for the WPC bargained participants include both defined benefit and defined contribution features, since the plan includes the account balances from the RSP Plan. The gross benefit, before offsets, is calculated based on years of service and the benefit multiplier under the plan. The net defined benefit pension plan benefit is the gross amount offset for the benefits payable from the RSP Plan and benefits payable by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation from previously terminated plans. Individual employee accounts established under the RSP Plan are maintained until retirement. Upon retirement, participants who are eligible for the WHX Pension Plan and maintain RSP Plan account balances will normally receive benefits from the WHX Pension Plan. When these participants become eligible for benefits under the WHX Pension Plan, their vested balances in the RSP Plan become assets of the WHX Pension Plan. Although these RSP Plan assets cannot be used to fund any of the net benefit that is the basis for determining the defined benefit plan's net benefit obligation at the end of the year, the Company has included the amount of the RSP Plan accounts of $13.3 million and $17.7 million on a gross-basis as both assets and liabilities of the plan as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. Certain current and retired employees of H&H are covered by post-retirement medical benefit plans, which provide benefits for medical expenses and prescription drugs. Contributions from a majority of the participants are required, and for those retirees and spouses, the Company's payments are capped. Actuarial losses for the WHX Pension Plan are being amortized over the average future lifetime of the participants, which is expected to be approximately 20 years. The Company believes that use of the future lifetime of the participants is appropriate because the WHX Pension Plan is completely inactive. The components of pension expense and other post-retirement benefit (income) expense for the Company's benefit plans included the following: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits (in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Service cost $ 54 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Interest cost 21,286 20,518 18,447 46 49 98 Expected return on plan assets (25,046 ) (24,157 ) (23,900 ) — — — Amortization of prior service cost — — 32 (103 ) (103 ) — Amortization of actuarial loss 11,186 7,378 10,627 37 34 8 Total $ 7,480 $ 3,739 $ 5,206 $ (20 ) $ (20 ) $ 106 Actuarial assumptions used to develop the components of pension expense and other post-retirement benefit (income) expense were as follows: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Discount rates: WHX Pension Plan 3.70 % 4.40 % 3.50 % N/A N/A N/A JPS Pension Plan 4.00 % N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other post-retirement benefit plans N/A N/A N/A 3.55 % 4.10 % 3.65 % Expected return on assets 7.00 % 7.00 % 7.50 % N/A N/A N/A Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Health care cost trend rate - initial N/A N/A N/A 6.75 % 7.00 % 7.25 % Health care cost trend rate - ultimate N/A N/A N/A 5.00 % 5.00 % 5.00 % Year ultimate reached N/A N/A N/A 2022 2022 2022 The measurement date for plan obligations is December 31. The discount rate is the rate at which the plans' obligations could be effectively settled and is based on high quality bond yields as of the measurement date. Summarized below is a reconciliation of the funded status for the Company's qualified defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement benefit plan: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits (in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 531,824 $ 494,272 $ 1,356 $ 1,084 JPS Pension Plan acquisition 117,688 — — — Service cost 54 — — — Interest cost 21,286 20,518 46 49 Actuarial (gain) loss (19,814 ) 51,274 159 293 Participant contributions — — 1 1 Benefits paid (37,644 ) (34,276 ) (349 ) (71 ) Transfer from Canfield Salaried SEPP — 36 — — Benefit obligation at December 31 $ 613,394 $ 531,824 $ 1,213 $ 1,356 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at January 1 $ 323,493 $ 351,869 $ — $ — JPS Pension Plan acquisition 87,321 — — — Actual returns on plan assets (43,273 ) (14,676 ) — — Participant contributions — — 1 1 Benefits paid (37,644 ) (34,276 ) (349 ) (71 ) Company contributions 18,024 20,540 348 70 Transfer from Canfield Salaried SEPP — 36 — — Fair value of plan assets at December 31 347,921 323,493 — — Funded status $ (265,473 ) $ (208,331 ) $ (1,213 ) $ (1,356 ) Accumulated benefit obligation ("ABO") for qualified defined benefit plans: ABO at January 1 $ 531,824 $ 494,272 $ 1,356 $ 1,084 ABO at December 31 $ 613,394 $ 531,824 $ 1,213 $ 1,356 Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheet: Current liability $ — $ — $ (119 ) $ (124 ) Non-current liability (265,473 ) (208,331 ) (1,094 ) (1,232 ) Total $ (265,473 ) $ (208,331 ) $ (1,213 ) $ (1,356 ) The weighted-average assumptions used in the valuations at December 31 were as follows: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits 2015 2014 2015 2014 Discount rates: WHX Pension Plan 4.01 % 3.70 % N/A N/A JPS Pension Plan 3.93 % N/A N/A N/A Other post-retirement benefit plans N/A N/A 3.89 % 3.55 % Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A N/A N/A Health care cost trend rate - initial N/A N/A 6.50 % 6.75 % Health care cost trend rate - ultimate N/A N/A 5.00 % 5.00 % Year ultimate reached N/A N/A 2022 2022 The effect of a 1% increase (decrease) in health care cost trend rates on benefit expense and on other post-retirement benefit obligations is not significant. Pretax amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits (in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Prior service cost (credit) $ — $ — $ (1,299 ) $ (1,402 ) Net actuarial loss 322,451 285,132 820 698 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) $ 322,451 $ 285,132 $ (479 ) $ (704 ) The pretax amount of actuarial losses and prior service cost (credit) included in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income) at December 31, 2015 that is expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost (income) in 2016 is $13.3 million and $0.0 million , respectively, for the defined benefit pension plans, and $0.0 million and $(0.1) million , respectively, for the other post-retirement benefit plan. Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive (loss) income are as follows: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits (in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Current year actuarial (loss) gain $ (48,505 ) $ (90,106 ) $ 54,111 $ (159 ) $ (293 ) $ 1,403 Amortization of actuarial loss 11,186 7,378 10,627 37 34 8 Current year prior service credit — — — — — 1,506 Amortization of prior service cost (credit) — — 32 (103 ) (103 ) — Total recognized in comprehensive (loss) income $ (37,319 ) $ (82,728 ) $ 64,770 $ (225 ) $ (362 ) $ 2,917 The actuarial loss in 2015 occurred principally because the investment returns on the assets of the WHX Pension Plan were lower than actuarial assumptions, partially offset by an increase in discount rates based on changes in corporate bond yields. Benefit obligations were in excess of plan assets for both the pension plans and the other post-retirement benefit plan at both December 31, 2015 and 2014 . Additional information for the plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: Pension Benefits Other Post-Retirement Benefits (in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Projected benefit obligation $ 613,394 $ 531,824 $ 1,213 $ 1,356 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 613,394 $ 531,824 $ 1,213 $ 1,356 Fair value of plan assets $ 347,921 $ 323,493 $ — $ — In determining the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the Company evaluated input from various investment professionals. In addition, the Company considered its historical compound returns, as well as the Company's forward-looking expectations. The Company determines its actuarial assumptions for its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans on December 31 of each year to calculate liability information as of that date and pension and other post-retirement benefit expense for the following year. The discount rate assumption is derived from the rate of return on high-quality bonds as of December 31 of each year. The Company's investment policy is to maximize the total rate of return with a view to long-term funding objectives of the pension plans to ensure that funds are available to meet benefit obligations when due. Pension plan assets are diversified to the extent necessary to minimize risk and to achieve an optimal balance between risk and return. There are no target allocations. The pension plans' assets are diversified as to type of assets, investment strategies employed and number of investment managers used. Investments may include equities, fixed income, cash equivalents, convertible securities and private investment funds. Derivatives may be used as part of the investment strategy. The Company may direct the transfer of assets between investment managers in order to rebalance the portfolio in accordance with asset allocation guidelines established by the Company. The fair value of pension investments is defined by reference to one of three categories (Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3) based on the reliability of inputs, as such terms are defined in Note 18 - "Fair Value Measurements." The pension plan assets at December 31, 2015 and 2014 , by asset category, are as follows (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2015: Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2015 Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Fixed income security: Credit contract $ — $ 3,100 $ — $ 3,100 Pension assets subject to leveling $ — $ 3,100 $ — 3,100 Pension assets measured at net asset value (1) Hedge funds: (2) Equity long/short 2,706 Event driven 45,660 Fund of funds - international large cap growth (3) 4,531 Common trust funds: (2) Large cap equity 35,081 Mid-cap equity 9,040 Small-cap equity 5,158 International equity 4,664 Intermediate bond fund 6,492 Other 662 Insurance separate account (4) 15,013 Total pension assets measured at net asset value 129,007 Cash and cash equivalents 166,503 Net receivables 49,311 Total pension assets $ 347,921 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2014: Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value as of December 31, 2014 Asset Class Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Equity securities: U.S. large cap $ 9,548 $ — $ — $ 9,548 U.S. mid-cap growth 36,771 — — 36,771 U.S. small-cap value 18,207 2,626 — 20,833 International large cap value 10,058 — — 10,058 Emerging markets growth 375 — — 375 Equity contracts 240 2,330 — 2,570 Fixed income securities: Corporate bonds and loans — 50,895 — 50,895 Shorts (46,909 ) (206 ) — (47,115 ) Pension assets subject to leveling $ 28,290 $ 55,645 $ — 83,935 Pension assets measured at net asset value (1) Hedge funds: (2) Equity long/short 72,497 Event driven 50,131 Fund of funds: (3) Equity long/short 34,705 Global opportunities 7,126 Total pension assets measured at net asset value 164,459 Cash and cash equivalents 75,099 Total pension assets $ 323,493 (1) Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (2) Hedge funds and common trust funds are comprised of shares or units in commingled funds that may not be publicly traded. The underlying assets in these funds are primarily publicly traded equity securities, fixed income securities and commodity-related securities and are valued at their net asset values which are calculated by the investment manager or sponsor of the fund and have daily or monthly liquidity. (3) Fund of funds consist of fund-of-fund LLC or commingled fund structures. The underlying assets in these funds are primarily publicly traded equity securities, fixed income securities and commodity-related securities. The LLCs are valued based on net asset values calculated by the fund and are not publicly available. (4) The JPS Pension Plan holds a deposit administration group annuity contract with an immediate participation guarantee from Transamerica Life Insurance Company ("TFLIC"). The TFLIC contract unconditionally guarantees benefits to certain salaried JPS Pension Plan participants earned through June 30, 1984 in the plan of a predecessor employer. The assets deposited under the contract are held in a separate custodial account ("TFLIC Assets"). If the TFLIC Assets decrease to the level of the trigger point (as defined in the contract), which represents the guaranteed benefit obligation representing the accumulated plan benefits as of June 30, 1984, TFLIC has the right to cause annuities to be purchased for the individuals covered by these contract agreements. Since the TFLIC Assets have remained in excess of the trigger point, no annuities have been purchased for the individuals covered by these contract arrangements. There were no assets for which fair value was determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during 2015. Changes in Level 3 assets were as follows during 2014 (in thousands): Changes in Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Year Ended December 31, 2014 Corporate Bonds and Loans Beginning balance as of January 1, 2014 $ 500 Transfers into Level 3 — Transfers out of Level 3 — Gains or losses included in changes in net assets 73 Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements Purchases — Issuances — Sales (573 ) Settlements — Ending balance as of December 31, 2014 $ — The Company's policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 as of the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. The following tables present the category, fair value, redemption frequency and redemption notice period for those assets whose fair value was estimated using the net asset value per share (or its equivalents), as well as plan assets which have redemption notice periods, as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Class Name Description Fair Value December 31, 2015 Redemption Frequency Redemption Notice Period Hedge funds Event driven hedge funds $ 45,660 Monthly 90 day notice Fund of funds International large cap growth $ 4,531 (1) (1) Hedge funds Equity long/short hedge funds $ 2,706 (1) (1) Common trust funds Collective equity investment funds $ 61,097 Daily 0-2 days Insurance separate account Insurance separate account $ 15,013 (2) (2) (1) Request for redemption has been submitted. (2) Except for benefit payments to participants and beneficiaries and related expenses, withdrawals are restricted for substantially all of the assets in the account, as defined in the contract. However, a suspension or transfer can be requested with 30 day notice. When funds are exhausted either by benefit payments, purchase of annuity contracts or transfer, the related contract terminates. Class Name Description Fair Value December 31, 2014 Redemption Frequency Redemption Notice Period Fund of funds Equity long/short hedge funds $ 5,479 Quarterly 45 day notice Fund of funds Fund of fund composites $ 36,352 Quarterly 65 day notice Hedge funds Equity long/short hedge funds $ 59,727 Annually 45 day notice Hedge funds Event driven hedge funds $ 50,131 Monthly 90 day notice Hedge funds Equity long/short hedge funds $ 12,770 Annually 90 day notice Separately managed fund Separately managed fund $ 28,917 Monthly 30 day notice Separately managed fund Separately managed fund $ 66,851 Quarterly 45 day notice Contributions Employer contributions consist of funds paid from employer assets into a qualified pension trust account. The Company's funding policy is to contribute annually an amount that satisfies the minimum funding standards of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The Company expects to have required minimum pension contributions for 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and for the five years thereafter of $16.5 million , $34.3 million , $42.0 million , $38.8 million , $35.3 million and $92.5 million , respectively. Required future contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions described in the previous sentence, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events. Benefit Payments Estimated future benefit payments for the benefit plans over the next ten years are as follows (in thousands): Pension Other Post-Retirement Years Benefits Benefits 2016 $ 44,406 $ 119 2017 44,062 107 2018 43,590 105 2019 43,095 106 2020 42,513 89 2021-2025 200,531 385 401(k) Plans Certain employees participate in a Company sponsored savings plan, which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. This savings plan allows eligible employees to contribute from 1% to 75% of their income on a pretax basis. The Company presently makes a contribution to match 50% of the first 6% of the employee's contribution. The charge to expense for the Company's matching contributions amounted to $1.9 million , $2.0 million and $1.6 million in 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively. |