Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The loan portfolio consists of various types of loans and is categorized by major type as follows: March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 20,991 $ 46,777 Commercial and industrial 3,738,274 3,674,200 Real estate: Construction, land development and other land loans 2,031,355 1,956,960 1-4 family residential (includes home equity) 4,843,724 4,710,761 Commercial real estate (includes multi-family residential) 5,858,475 6,078,764 Farmland 401,282 410,931 Agriculture 170,501 170,421 Consumer and other 301,895 355,751 Total loans held for investment, excluding Warehouse Purchase Program 17,345,506 17,357,788 Warehouse Purchase Program 2,272,389 2,842,379 Total loans, including Warehouse Purchase Program $ 19,638,886 $ 20,246,944 Concentrations of Credit. Most of the Company’s lending activity occurs within the states of Texas and Oklahoma. Commercial real estate loans, 1-4 family residential loans and construction, land development and other land loans make up 73.3% of the Company’s total loan portfolio, excluding Warehouse Purchase Program loans, at March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, excluding Warehouse Purchase Program loans, there were no concentrations of loans related to any single industry in excess of 10% Related Party Loans. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, loans outstanding to directors, officers and their affiliates totaled $1.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. All transactions between the Company and such related parties are conducted in the ordinary course of business and made on the same terms and conditions as similar transactions with unaffiliated persons. An analysis of activity with respect to these related party loans is as follows: As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 As of and for the year ended December (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance on January 1 $ 1,732 $ 4,152 New loans — 813 Transfers — — Repayments (87 ) (3,233 ) Ending balance $ 1,645 $ 1,732 Nonperforming Assets and Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans. The Company has several procedures in place to assist it in maintaining the overall quality of its loan portfolio. The Company has established underwriting guidelines to be followed by its officers, including requiring appraisals on loans collateralized by real estate. The Company also monitors its delinquency levels for any negative or adverse trends. Nevertheless, the Company’s loan portfolio could become subject to increasing pressures from deteriorating borrower credit due to general economic conditions. The Company generally places a loan on nonaccrual status and ceases accruing interest when the payment of principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days, or earlier in some cases, unless the loan is in the process of collection and the underlying collateral fully supports the carrying value of the loan. A loan may be returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured, which is typically evidenced by a sustained period (at least six months) of repayment performance by the borrower. With respect to potential problem loans, an evaluation of the borrower’s overall financial condition is made to determine the need, if any, for possible write downs or appropriate additions to the allowance for credit losses. An aging analysis of past due loans, segregated by category of loan, is presented below: March 31, 2021 Loans Past Due and Still Accruing 30-89 Days 90 or More Days Total Past Due Loans Nonaccrual Loans Current Loans Total Loans (Dollars in thousands) Construction, land development and other land loans $ 5,086 $ 56 $ 5,142 $ 1,636 $ 2,024,577 $ 2,031,355 Warehouse Purchase Program loans — — — — 2,272,389 2,272,389 Agriculture and agriculture real estate (includes farmland) 369 — 369 534 570,880 571,783 1-4 family (includes home equity) (1) 6,678 32 6,710 11,425 4,846,580 4,864,715 Commercial real estate (includes multi-family residential) 22,455 225 22,680 16,671 5,819,124 5,858,475 Commercial and industrial 9,485 — 9,485 11,208 3,717,581 3,738,274 Consumer and other 872 — 872 1,551 299,472 301,895 Total $ 44,945 $ 313 $ 45,258 $ 43,025 $ 19,550,603 $ 19,638,886 December 31, 2020 Loans Past Due and Still Accruing 30-89 Days 90 or More Days Total Past Due Loans Nonaccrual Loans Current Loans Total Loans (Dollars in thousands) Construction, land development and other land loans $ 14,820 $ 236 $ 15,056 $ 1,262 $ 1,940,642 $ 1,956,960 Warehouse Purchase Program loans — — — — 2,842,379 2,842,379 Agriculture and agriculture real estate (includes farmland) 538 — 538 1,344 579,470 581,352 1-4 family (includes home equity) (1) 7,527 36 7,563 15,999 4,733,976 4,757,538 Commercial real estate (includes multi-family residential) 17,039 1,409 18,448 10,906 6,049,410 6,078,764 Commercial and industrial 14,383 — 14,383 16,084 3,643,733 3,674,200 Consumer and other 380 18 398 1,590 353,763 355,751 Total $ 54,687 $ 1,699 $ 56,386 $ 47,185 $ 20,143,373 $ 20,246,944 (1) Includes $21.0 million and $46.8 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table presents information regarding nonperforming assets as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual loans (1) (2) $ 43,025 $ 47,185 Accruing loans 90 or more days past due 313 1,699 Total nonperforming loans 43,338 48,884 Repossessed assets 362 93 Other real estate 462 10,593 Total nonperforming assets $ 44,162 $ 59,570 Nonperforming assets to total loans and other real estate 0.22 % 0.29 % Nonperforming assets to total loans, excluding Warehouse Purchase Program loans, and other real estate 0.25 % 0.34 % (1) Includes troubled debt restructurings of $8.7 million and $11.3 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. (2) There were no nonperforming or troubled debt restructurings of warehouse lines of credit or Warehouse Purchase Program loans for the periods presented. The Company had $44.2 million in nonperforming assets at March 31, 2021 compared with $59.6 million at December 31, 2020. Nonperforming assets were 0.22% of total loans and other real estate at March 31, 2021 and 0.29% of total loans and other real estate at December 31, 2020. If interest on nonaccrual loans had been accrued under the original loan terms, approximately $982 thousand and $869 thousand would have been recorded as income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company had $43.0 million in nonaccrual loans at March 31, 2021 compared with $58.2 million at March 31, 2020. Acquired Loans. Acquired loans were preliminarily recorded at fair value based on a discounted cash flow valuation methodology that considers, among other things, interest rates, projected default rates, loss given default, and recovery rates. During the valuation process, the Company identified purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) and Non-PCD loans in the acquired loan portfolios. Loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration at acquisition for which it was probable that the Company would not be able to collect all contractual amounts due were accounted for as PCD. PCD loan identification considers the following factors: payment history and past due status, debt service coverage, loan grading, collateral values and other factors that may indicate deterioration of credit quality as of the acquisition date when compared to the origination date. Non-PCD loan identification considers the following factors: account types, remaining terms, annual interest rates or coupons, current market rates, interest types, past delinquencies, timing of principal and interest payments, loan to value ratios, loss exposures and remaining balances. Accretion of purchased discounts on PCD loans will be based on future cash flows, taking into account contractual maturities. Accretion of purchased discounts on Non-PCD loans will be recognized on a level-yield basis based on contractual maturity of individual loans. PCD Loans. The recorded investment in PCD loans included in the consolidated balance sheet and the related outstanding balance as of the dates indicated are presented in the table below. The outstanding balance represents the total amount owed as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 . March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) PCD loans: Outstanding balance $ 163,191 $ 195,631 Discount (11,157 ) (14,216 ) Recorded investment $ 152,034 $ 181,415 Changes in the accretable yield for acquired PCD loans for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Balance at beginning of period $ 14,216 $ 35,654 Adjustments — (175 ) Accretion charge-offs (32 ) — Accretion (3,027 ) (6,019 ) Balance at March 31, $ 11,157 $ 29,460 Income recognition on PCD loans is subject to the timing and amount of future cash flows. PCD loans for which the Company is accruing interest income are not considered non-performing or impaired. The PCD discount reflected above as of March 31, 2021, represents the amount of discount available to be recognized as income. Non-PCD Loans. The recorded investment in Non-PCD loans included in the consolidated balance sheet and the related outstanding balance as of the dates indicated are presented in the table below. The outstanding balance represents the total amount owed as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Non-PCD loans: Outstanding balance $ 3,339,670 $ 3,869,205 Discount (26,285 ) (39,587 ) Recorded investment $ 3,313,385 $ 3,829,618 Changes in the discount accretion for Non-PCD loans for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Balance at beginning of period $ 39,587 $ 110,130 Adjustments — — Accretion charge-offs 11 (54 ) Accretion (13,313 ) (22,463 ) Balance at March 31, $ 26,285 $ 87,613 Credit Quality Indicators. As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio and methodology for calculating the allowance for credit losses, management assigns and tracks loan grades to be used as credit quality indicators. The following is a general description of the loan grades used: Grade 1— Credits in this category have risk potential that is virtually nonexistent. These loans may be secured by insured certificates of deposit, insured savings accounts, U.S. Government securities and highly rated municipal bonds. Grade 2— Credits in this category are of the highest quality. These borrowers represent top rated companies and individuals with unquestionable financial standing with excellent global cash flow coverage, net worth, liquidity and collateral coverage. Grade 3— Credits in this category are not immune from risk but are well protected by the collateral and paying capacity of the borrower. These loans may exhibit a minor unfavorable credit factor, but the overall credit is sufficiently strong to minimize the possibility of loss. Grade 4— Credits in this category are considered to be of acceptable credit quality with moderately greater risk than Grade 3 and receiving closer monitoring. Loans in this category have sources of repayment that remain sufficient to preclude a larger than normal probability of default and secondary sources are likewise currently of sufficient quantity, quality, and liquidity to protect the Company against loss of principal and interest. These borrowers have specific risk factors, but the overall strength of the credit is acceptable based on other mitigating credit and/or collateral factors and can repay the debt in the normal course of business. Grade 5— Credits in this category constitute an undue and unwarranted credit risk; however, the factors do not rise to a level of substandard. These credits have potential weaknesses and/or declining trends that, if not corrected, could expose the Company to risk at a future date. These loans are monitored on the Company’s internally-generated watch list and evaluated on a quarterly basis. Grade 6— Credits in this category are considered “substandard” but “non-impaired” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Loans in this category have well-defined weakness that, if not corrected, could make default of principal and interest possible. Loans in this category are still accruing interest and may be dependent upon secondary sources of repayment and/or collateral liquidation. Grade 7— Credits in this category are deemed “substandard” and “impaired” pursuant to regulatory guidelines. As such, the Company has determined that it is probable that less than 100% of the contractual principal and interest will be collected. These loans are individually evaluated for a specific reserve and will typically have the accrual of interest stopped. Grade 8— Credits in this category include “doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidance. Such loans are no longer accruing interest and factors indicate a loss is imminent. These loans are also deemed “impaired.” While a specific reserve may be in place while the loan and collateral are being evaluated, these loans are typically charged down to an amount the Company estimates is collectible. Grade 9— Credits in this category are deemed a “loss” in accordance with regulatory guidelines and have been charged off or charged down. The Company may continue collection efforts and may have partial recovery in the future. The following tables present loans by risk grade, by category of loan and year of origination/renewal at March 31, 2021. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Construction, Land Development and Other Land Loans Grade 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Grade 2 — — — — 83 175 — — 258 Grade 3 175,067 777,262 382,469 116,663 135,436 54,457 123,027 — 1,764,381 Grade 4 3,127 89,839 91,719 29,032 8,761 9,294 11,335 — 243,107 Grade 5 2,625 11,729 491 813 76 112 — — 15,846 Grade 6 — 4,442 — — — 1,192 — — 5,634 Grade 7 — 397 — 1,179 — 59 — — 1,635 Grade 8 — — — — — — — — — Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — — 154 102 238 — — — 494 Total $ 180,819 $ 883,669 $ 474,833 $ 147,789 $ 144,594 $ 65,289 $ 134,362 $ — $ 2,031,355 Agriculture and Agriculture Real Estate (includes Farmland) Grade 1 $ 463 $ 1,532 $ 377 $ 161 $ 174 $ — $ 8,785 $ 90 $ 11,582 Grade 2 — 10 — — 344 1,393 23 — 1,770 Grade 3 23,622 116,759 64,809 51,000 35,448 118,139 79,549 — 489,326 Grade 4 5,365 11,268 3,883 5,227 2,869 20,396 10,055 8 59,071 Grade 5 — 2,386 568 98 — — 2,538 — 5,590 Grade 6 — 1,281 42 59 — 836 — — 2,218 Grade 7 — 146 61 4 — 322 — — 533 Grade 8 — — — — — — — — — Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — 955 193 274 — 271 — — 1,693 Total $ 29,450 $ 134,337 $ 69,933 $ 56,823 $ 38,835 $ 141,357 $ 100,950 $ 98 $ 571,783 1-4 Family (includes Home Equity) (1) Grade 1 $ — $ 116 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 116 Grade 2 77 415 306 874 433 6,741 950 — 9,796 Grade 3 396,356 1,408,886 778,786 508,016 389,576 1,099,044 115,347 1,530 4,697,541 Grade 4 4,588 11,960 21,366 25,480 26,267 46,169 2,605 — 138,435 Grade 5 — 315 318 154 501 2,438 247 — 3,973 Grade 6 — 21 65 2 2 2,405 — — 2,495 Grade 7 — 115 989 1,699 2,483 5,532 — — 10,818 Grade 8 — — — — — 38 — — 38 Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — — — — — 1,503 — — 1,503 Total $ 401,021 $ 1,421,828 $ 801,830 $ 536,225 $ 419,262 $ 1,163,870 $ 119,149 $ 1,530 $ 4,864,715 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial Real Estate (includes Multi-Family Residential) Grade 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Grade 2 596 8,826 1,444 — 6,937 1,069 — — 18,872 Grade 3 135,632 682,123 815,581 799,073 592,083 1,217,452 90,900 2,425 4,335,269 Grade 4 32,617 121,746 120,200 186,136 194,686 384,973 7,710 — 1,048,068 Grade 5 — 47,109 15,471 53,977 25,264 143,502 2,305 — 287,628 Grade 6 — 20,451 166 1,238 22,159 33,684 — — 77,698 Grade 7 — 16 — 1,201 14 9,335 1,439 — 12,005 Grade 8 — — — — — — — — — Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans 35,636 25,238 6,649 664 — 10,748 — — 78,935 Total $ 204,481 $ 905,509 $ 959,511 $ 1,042,289 $ 841,143 $ 1,800,763 $ 102,354 $ 2,425 $ 5,858,475 Commercial and Industrial Grade 1 $ 543,536 $ 610,253 $ 3,274 $ 3,138 $ 678 $ 799 $ 22,920 $ 160 $ 1,184,758 Grade 2 1,398 970 8,631 510 1,085 2,153 8,504 — 23,251 Grade 3 227,659 379,975 265,630 199,222 91,252 169,696 705,395 917 2,039,746 Grade 4 7,334 54,622 58,081 47,689 9,982 17,124 140,212 975 336,019 Grade 5 33 10,735 19,074 4,655 1,408 85 7,943 81 44,014 Grade 6 451 1,792 74 168 61 3,513 8,426 — 14,485 Grade 7 163 462 288 7,710 141 1,160 20,163 — 30,087 Grade 8 — — — — — 5 — — 5 Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — 41,441 808 11,170 10,131 108 2,251 — 65,909 Total $ 780,574 $ 1,100,250 $ 355,860 $ 274,262 $ 114,738 $ 194,643 $ 915,814 $ 2,133 $ 3,738,274 Consumer and Other Grade 1 $ 5,968 $ 26,100 $ 6,637 $ 2,683 $ 1,903 $ 1,150 $ 1,496 $ — $ 45,937 Grade 2 — 1,267 621 384 30,443 1,429 537 — 34,681 Grade 3 20,551 36,543 37,667 22,455 10,995 11,321 49,164 — 188,696 Grade 4 8 5,786 128 340 72 141 10,947 — 17,422 Grade 5 — 14 — 63 17 — — — 94 Grade 6 — — — — — — 9,997 — 9,997 Grade 7 — — 1,529 14 3 22 — — 1,568 Grade 8 — — — — — — — — — Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — 3,500 — — — — — — 3,500 Total $ 26,527 $ 73,210 $ 46,582 $ 25,939 $ 43,433 $ 14,063 $ 72,141 $ — $ 301,895 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Warehouse Purchase Program Grade 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Grade 2 — — — — — — — — — Grade 3 2,272,389 — — — — — — — 2,272,389 Grade 4 — — — — — — — — — Grade 5 — — — — — — — — — Grade 6 — — — — — — — — — Grade 7 — — — — — — — — — Grade 8 — — — — — — — — — Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans — — — — — — — — — Total $ 2,272,389 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,272,389 Total Grade 1 $ 549,967 $ 638,001 $ 10,288 $ 5,982 $ 2,755 $ 1,949 $ 33,201 $ 250 $ 1,242,393 Grade 2 2,071 11,488 11,002 1,768 39,325 12,960 10,014 — 88,628 Grade 3 3,251,276 3,401,548 2,344,942 1,696,429 1,254,790 2,670,109 1,163,382 4,872 15,787,348 Grade 4 53,039 295,221 295,377 293,904 242,637 478,097 182,864 983 1,842,122 Grade 5 2,658 72,288 35,922 59,760 27,266 146,137 13,033 81 357,145 Grade 6 451 27,987 347 1,467 22,222 41,630 18,423 — 112,527 Grade 7 163 1,136 2,867 11,807 2,641 16,430 21,602 — 56,646 Grade 8 — — — — — 43 — — 43 Grade 9 — — — — — — — — — PCD Loans 35,636 71,134 7,804 12,210 10,369 12,630 2,251 — 152,034 Total $ 3,895,261 $ 4,518,803 $ 2,708,549 $ 2,083,327 $ 1,602,005 $ 3,379,985 $ 1,444,770 $ 6,186 $ 19,638,886 (1) Includes $21.0 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale at March 31, 2021. Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans. The allowance for credit losses is adjusted through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for credit losses. Management has established an allowance for credit losses which it believes is adequate as of March 31, 2021 for estimated losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The amount of the allowance for credit losses is affected by the following: (1) charge-offs of loans that occur when loans are deemed uncollectible and decrease the allowance, (2) recoveries on loans previously charged off that increase the allowance, (3) provisions for credit losses charged to earnings that increase the allowance, and (4) provision releases returned to earnings that decrease the allowance. Based on an evaluation of the loan portfolio and consideration of the factors listed below, management presents a quarterly review of the allowance for credit losses to the Bank’s Board of Directors, indicating any change in the allowance since the last review and any recommendations as to adjustments in the allowance. Although management believes it uses the best information available to make determinations with respect to the allowance for credit losses, future adjustments may be necessary if economic conditions or the borrower’s performance differ from the assumptions used in making the initial determinations. The Company’s allowance for credit losses on loans consists of two components: (1) a specific valuation allowance based on probable losses on specifically identified loans and (2) a general valuation allowance based on historical lifetime loan loss experience, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasted economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. In setting the specific valuation allowance, the Company follows a loan review program to evaluate the credit risk in the total loan portfolio and assigns risk grades to each loan. Through this loan review process, the Company maintains an internal list of impaired loans, which along with the delinquency list of loans, helps management assess the overall quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. All loans that have been identified as impaired are reviewed on a quarterly basis in order to determine whether a specific reserve is required. For certain impaired loans, the Company allocates a specific loan loss reserve primarily based on the value of the collateral securing the impaired loan in accordance with ASC Topic 326-20, “ Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. In connection with this review of the loan portfolio, the Company considers risk elements attributable to particular loan types or categories in assessing the quality of individual loans. Some of the risk elements include: • for 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan, including a consideration of the debt to income ratio and employment and income stability, the loan to value ratio, and the age, condition and marketability of collateral; • for commercial real estate loans and multifamily residential loans, the debt service coverage ratio (income from the property in excess of operating expenses compared to loan payment requirements), operating results of the owner in the case of owner-occupied properties, the loan to value ratio, the age and condition of the collateral and the volatility of income, property value and future operating results typical of properties of that type; • for construction, land development and other land loans, the perceived feasibility of the project including the ability to sell developed lots or improvements constructed for resale or the ability to lease property constructed for lease, the quality and nature of contracts for presale or prelease, if any, experience and ability of the developer and loan to value ratio; • for commercial and industrial loans, the operating results of the commercial, industrial or professional enterprise, the borrower’s business, professional and financial ability and expertise, the specific risks and volatility of income and operating results typical for businesses in that category and the value, nature and marketability of collateral; • for the Warehouse Purchase Program, the capitalization and liquidity of the mortgage banking client, the operating experience, the client’s satisfactory underwriting of purchased loans and the consistent timeliness by client of loan resale to investors; • for agriculture real estate loans, the experience and financial capability of the borrower, projected debt service coverage of the operations of the borrower and loan to value ratio; and • for non-real estate agriculture loans, the operating results, experience and financial capability of the borrower, historical and expected market conditions and the value, nature and marketability of collateral. In addition, for each category, the Company considers secondary sources of income and the financial strength and credit history of the borrower and any guarantors. In determining the amount of the general valuation allowance, management considers factors such as historical lifetime loan loss experience, concentration risk of specific loan types, the volume, growth and composition of the Company’s loan portfolio, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasted economic conditions that may affect the borrower’s ability to pay and the value of collateral, the evaluation of the Company’s loan portfolio through its internal loan review process, general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company and other relevant factors in accordance with ASC Topic 326, “ Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.” The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by category of loan for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. Construction, Land Development and Other Land Loans Agriculture and Agriculture Real Estate (includes Farmland) 1-4 Family (includes Home Equity) Commercial Real Estate (includes Multi-Family Residential) Commercial and Industrial Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Three Months Ended Balance December 31, 2020 $ 44,892 $ 7,824 $ 44,555 $ 87,857 $ 116,795 $ 14,145 $ 316,068 Provision for credit losses 5,221 312 3,194 4,572 (9,816 ) (3,483 ) — Charge-offs — (38 ) (54 ) (6,589 ) (1,754 ) (935 ) (9,370 ) Recoveries 5 5 7 — 170 325 512 Net charge-offs 5 (33 ) (47 ) (6,589 ) (1,584 ) (610 ) (8,858 ) Balance March 31, 2021 $ 50,118 $ 8,103 $ 47,702 $ 85,840 $ 105,395 $ 10,052 $ 307,210 Allowance for credit losses: Three Months Ended Balance December 31, 2019 $ 14,654 $ 2,971 $ 15,277 $ 12,332 $ 40,445 $ 1,790 $ 87,469 Impact of adoption ASU 2016-13 14,075 2,797 8,267 48,990 139,624 26,785 240,538 Provision for credit losses — — — — — — — Charge-offs — (31 ) (29 ) — (611 ) (1,316 ) (1,987 ) Recoveries 12 32 24 81 639 398 1,186 Net charge-offs 12 1 (5 ) 81 28 (918 ) (801 ) Balance March 31, 2020 $ 28,741 $ 5,769 $ 23,539 $ 61,403 $ 180,097 $ 27,657 $ 327,206 The allowance for credit losses on loans as of March 31, 2021 totaled $307.2 million or 1.56% of total loans, including acquired loans with discounts, a decrease of $8.9 million or 2.8% compared to the allowance for credit losses on loans totaling $316.1 million or 1.56% of total loans, including acquired loans with discounts, as of December 31, 2020. Net charge-offs were $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net charge-offs for the first quarter of 2021 included $7.1 million related to resolved PCD loans, which had specific reserves that were allocated to the charge-offs. Additionally, $4.2 million of specific reserves on resolved PCD loans was released to the general reserve without taking any charge-off. As of March 31, 2021, the Company also had loans totaling $1.14 billion pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), which are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration and do not carry an allowance. Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which there is exposure to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The allowance is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on the commitments expected to fund. The estimate of commitments expected to fund is affected by historical analysis of utilization rates. The expected credit loss rates applied to the commitments expected to fund are affected by the general valuation allowance utilized for outstanding balances with the same underlying assumptions and drivers. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $29.9 million in allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is a separate line item on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had $1.64 billion in commitments expected to fund. Troubled Debt Restructurings. The restructuring of a loan is considered a “troubled debt restructuring” if both (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (2) the creditor has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses. Under ASC Topic 310-40 “ the Company evaluates all loan modifications to identify whether the restructuring constitutes a troubled debt restructuring. As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had $8.7 million and $13.0 million, respectively, in outstanding troubled debt restructurings As of March 31, 2021, there have been no defaults on any loans that were modified as troubled debt restructurings during the preceding twelve months. Default is determined at 90 or more days past due. The modifications generally relate to extending the amortization periods of the loans, which includes loans modified during bankruptcy. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not add any loans as new troubled debt restructurings. Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) and the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (“CAA”) , banks may deem that loan modifications do not result in troubled debt restructurings if they are (1) related to the novel strain of coronavirus disease first reported in December 2019 (“COVID-19”) ; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the COVID-19 national emergency declaration by the President of the United States or (B) January 1, 2022. Additionally, other short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not troubled debt restructurings under ASC Subtopic 310-40 and federal banking agencies’ interagency guidance. These modifications include modifications such as principal and interest payment deferrals, temporary interest only payment terms, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. The Company's troubled debt restructurings do not include loan modifications related to COVID-19. Beginning in mid-March of 2020, the Company began offering deferral and modification of principal and/or interest payments to selected borrowers on a case-by-case basis. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had approximately $ 316.7 million in outstanding loans subject to deferral and modification agreements. |