UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005
or
¨ | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 0-25131
INFOSPACE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | | 91-1718107 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
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601 108th Avenue NE, Suite 1200 | | |
Bellevue, Washington | | 98004 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (425) 201-6100
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yesx No¨.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yesx No¨.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
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Class
| | Outstanding at July 28, 2005
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Common Stock, Par Value $.0001 | | 32,729,843 |
INFOSPACE, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I—Financial Information
Item 1. —Financial Statements
INFOSPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(amounts in thousands, except share data)
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2005
| | | December 31, 2004
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ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 159,332 | | | $ | 85,245 | |
Short-term investments, available-for-sale | | | 236,056 | | | | 198,410 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,150 and $929 | | | 63,341 | | | | 57,110 | |
Other receivables, net of allowance | | | 4,661 | | | | 7,259 | |
Payroll tax receivable | | | 1,011 | | | | 13,214 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 6,484 | | | | 3,623 | |
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Total current assets | | | 470,885 | | | | 364,861 | |
Long-term investments, available-for-sale | | | 11,284 | | | | 38,159 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 20,841 | | | | 16,782 | |
Goodwill | | | 177,417 | | | | 158,810 | |
Other intangible assets, net | | | 51,499 | | | | 46,189 | |
Other long-term assets | | | 2,992 | | | | 1,293 | |
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Total assets | | $ | 734,918 | | | $ | 626,094 | |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 5,140 | | | $ | 6,669 | |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 46,192 | | | | 44,031 | |
Short-term deferred revenue | | | 2,892 | | | | 4,750 | |
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Total current liabilities | | | 54,224 | | | | 55,450 | |
Long-term liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities and deferred revenue | | | 875 | | | | 503 | |
Deferred taxes | | | 11,360 | | | | 7,745 | |
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Total long-term liabilities | | | 12,235 | | | | 8,248 | |
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Total liabilities | | | 66,459 | | | | 63,698 | |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) | | | — | | | | — | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, par value $.0001—authorized, 15,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 2 shares | | | — | | | | — | |
Common stock, par value $.0001—authorized, 900,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 32,913,489 and 32,894,177 shares | | | 3 | | | | 3 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,737,714 | | | | 1,741,241 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (1,069,708 | ) | | | (1,179,893 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 450 | | | | 1,045 | |
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Total stockholders’ equity | | | 668,459 | | | | 562,396 | |
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Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 734,918 | | | $ | 626,094 | |
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See accompanying notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
INFOSPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)
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| | Three Months Ended June 30,
| | | Six Months Ended June 30,
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| | 2005
| | | 2004
| | | 2005
| | | 2004
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Revenues | | $ | 83,181 | | | $ | 54,448 | | | $ | 170,203 | | | $ | 102,529 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Content and distribution | | | 34,864 | | | | 18,611 | | | | 69,694 | | | | 35,497 | |
Systems and network operations | | | 4,899 | | | | 3,813 | | | | 9,312 | | | | 7,031 | |
Product development | | | 7,596 | | | | 5,580 | | | | 14,967 | | | | 10,018 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 7,030 | | | | 5,083 | | | | 14,902 | | | | 10,541 | |
General and administrative | | | 9,729 | | | | 8,998 | | | | 20,334 | | | | 18,492 | |
Depreciation | | | 1,941 | | | | 1,745 | | | | 3,715 | | | | 3,544 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 3,763 | | | | 2,002 | | | | 7,846 | | | | 3,743 | |
Restructuring charges and other, net | | | — | | | | (3,651 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,610 | ) |
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Total operating expenses | | | 69,822 | | | | 42,181 | | | | 140,770 | | | | 86,256 | |
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Operating income | | | 13,359 | | | | 12,267 | | | | 29,443 | | | | 16,273 | |
Gain on equity investments, net | | | 154 | | | | — | | | | 154 | | | | 458 | |
Other income, net | | | 2,838 | | | | 1,176 | | | | 82,992 | | | | 2,161 | |
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Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | 16,351 | | | | 13,443 | | | | 112,579 | | | | 18,892 | |
Income tax expense | | | (65 | ) | | | (71 | ) | | | (2,394 | ) | | | (103 | ) |
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Income from continuing operations | | | 16,286 | | | | 13,372 | | | | 110,185 | | | | 18,789 | |
Discontinued operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from and gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes | | | — | | | | 133 | | | | — | | | | 31,399 | |
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Net income | | $ | 16,286 | | | $ | 13,505 | | | $ | 110,185 | | | $ | 50,188 | |
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Earnings per share – Basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 0.49 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 3.33 | | | $ | 0.59 | |
Income from and gain on sale of discontinued operations | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 0.99 | |
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Basic net income per share | | $ | 0.49 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 3.33 | | | $ | 1.58 | |
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Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing basic net income per share | | | 33,108 | | | | 31,915 | | | | 33,081 | | | | 31,741 | |
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Earnings per share – Diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | 0.37 | | | $ | 2.98 | | | $ | 0.52 | |
Income from and gain on sale of discontinued operations | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 0.88 | |
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Diluted net income per share | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | 0.37 | | | $ | 2.98 | | | $ | 1.40 | |
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Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing diluted net income per share | | | 36,720 | | | | 36,245 | | | | 37,024 | | | | 35,925 | |
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Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 16,286 | | | $ | 13,505 | | | $ | 110,185 | | | $ | 50,188 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | | (282 | ) | | | (99 | ) | | | (580 | ) | | | (169 | ) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | | | 293 | | | | (696 | ) | | | (15 | ) | | | (587 | ) |
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Comprehensive income | | $ | 16,297 | | | $ | 12,710 | | | $ | 109,590 | | | $ | 49,432 | |
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See accompanying notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
INFOSPACE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(amounts in thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six months ended June 30,
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| | 2005
| | | 2004
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Operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 110,185 | | | $ | 50,188 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Income from and gain on sale of discontinued operations | | | — | | | | (31,399 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 11,561 | | | | 7,287 | |
Warrant and stock-based compensation expense | | | — | | | | 981 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (992 | ) | | | — | |
Bad debt expense | | | 318 | | | | 156 | |
Net gain on equity investments | | | (154 | ) | | | (458 | ) |
Restructuring and other charges, net | | | — | | | | (400 | ) |
Other | | | (90 | ) | | | (69 | ) |
Cash provided (used) by changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (5,038 | ) | | | (15,992 | ) |
Notes and other receivables | | | 15,153 | | | | (1,879 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (2,380 | ) | | | (1,331 | ) |
Other long-term assets | | | (1,699 | ) | | | (450 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | (2,463 | ) | | | (1,301 | ) |
Accrued expenses and other current and long-term liabilities | | | (743 | ) | | | 3,647 | |
Deferred revenue | | | (2,021 | ) | | | 7,128 | |
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Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 121,637 | | | | 16,108 | |
Investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Business acquisitions | | | (26,364 | ) | | | (108,607 | ) |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (8,057 | ) | | | (4,260 | ) |
Proceeds from the sale of assets and equity investments | | | 194 | | | | 1,775 | |
Proceeds from the sale of discontinued operations | | | — | | | | 82,000 | |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | | | 106,232 | | | | 333,715 | |
Purchases of investments | | | (117,018 | ) | | | (337,917 | ) |
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Net cash used by investing activities | | | (45,013 | ) | | | (33,294 | ) |
Financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock repurchases | | | (10,101 | ) | | | — | |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | | 6,798 | | | | 10,438 | |
Proceeds from issuance of stock through employee stock purchase plan | | | 766 | | | | 474 | |
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Net cash provided (used) by financing activities | | | (2,537 | ) | | | 10,912 | |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 74,087 | | | | (6,274 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | | 85,245 | | | | 110,908 | |
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End of period | | $ | 159,332 | | | $ | 104,634 | |
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See accompanying notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
INFOSPACE, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. | The Company and Basis of Presentation |
InfoSpace, Inc. (the “Company” or “InfoSpace”) is a Web search, online directory and mobile information and entertainment company comprised of two business units, Search & Directory and Mobile. Search & Directory uses its metasearch technology to provide search results to branded Web sites and private-label partner Web properties and also offers online directory services. Mobile is a provider and publisher of wireless content, including ringtones, games and graphics, and also offers infrastructure solutions.
On March 31, 2004, the Company completed the sale of its Payment Solutions business. The operating results of the Payment Solutions business have been presented as a discontinued operation in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the financial information set forth herein. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of future financial results. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts may differ, perhaps materially, from these financial estimates.
Investors should read these interim financial statements and related notes hereto in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2004 balances to conform to the 2005 presentation. These reclassifications did not impact net income, total assets, total liabilities or stockholders’ equity.
2. | Stock-Based Compensation |
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation plans under the intrinsic value method, which follows the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. In accordance with APB Opinion No. 25, the Company records expense when stock options are modified or granted with an exercise price below the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date. Such expense for stock options is recognized as an expense and amortized using the accelerated amortization method prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) 28,Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans.For the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $0 and $1.6 million, respectively. The Company did not recognize any stock compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
To estimate stock compensation expense that would be recognized under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123,Accounting for Stock-based Compensation, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for options granted:
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| | Three months ended
| | | Six months ended
| | | Three months ended
| | | Six months ended
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| | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
| | | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
| | | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
| | | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
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| | Employee Stock Option Plans | | | Employee Stock Purchase Plan | |
Risk-free interest rate | | 3.85 | % | | 3.72 | % | | 3.86 | % | | 3.36 | % | | 2.77 | % | | 1.01 | % | | 2.77 | % | | 1.01 | % |
Expected dividend yield | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % | | 0 | % |
Volatility | | 74 | % | | 64 | % | | 73 | % | | 64 | % | | 58 | % | | 63 | % | | 58 | % | | 63 | % |
Expected life | | 5 years | | | 5 years | | | 5 years | | | 5 years | | | 6 months | | | 6 months | | | 6 months | | | 6 months | |
6
Had compensation expense for the plans been determined based on the fair value of the options at the grant dates for awards under the plans consistent with SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 would have been as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share data):
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| | Three months ended
| | | Six Months Ended
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| | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
| | | June 30, 2005
| | | June 30, 2004
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Net income as reported | | $ | 16,286 | | | $ | 13,505 | | | $ | 110,185 | | | $ | 50,188 | |
Stock based compensation, as reported | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,575 | |
Pro forma stock based compensation determined under fair value based method for all awards | | | (8,429 | ) | | | (9,612 | ) | | | (16,257 | ) | | | (16,697 | ) |
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Pro forma net income under fair value method for all stock based awards | | $ | 7,857 | | | $ | 3,893 | | | $ | 93,928 | | | $ | 35,066 | |
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Basic net income per share, as reported | | $ | 0.49 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 3.33 | | | $ | 1.58 | |
Basic net income per share, SFAS No. 123 adjusted | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 2.84 | | | $ | 1.10 | |
Diluted net income per share, as reported | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | 0.37 | | | $ | 2.98 | | | $ | 1.40 | |
Diluted net income per share, SFAS No. 123 adjusted | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 2.61 | | | $ | 1.01 | |
3. | Acquisitions and Dispositions |
On December 15, 2004, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire elkware GmbH (“elkware”), a mobile gaming company, at a cost of 20.0 million Euros, which was consummated on January 7, 2005. The purchase price in U.S dollars was approximately $27.4 million, which is comprised of cash paid, liabilities assumed, and acquisition costs. Additionally, the Company recorded a deferred tax liability of $4.6 million. The purchase price plus the deferred tax liability was allocated to net identifiable assets acquired of $13.2 million and goodwill of $18.8 million. The purchase agreement required that 5.0 million Euros of the purchase price be placed in escrow to provide security for certain indemnification obligations set forth in the purchase agreement. In December 2004, due to the significant fluctuations in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar to the Euro, the Company entered into a forward exchange contract to mitigate its foreign currency exposure. At December 31, 2004, the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar had declined relative to the Euro and a $456,000 gain on the forward exchange contract was recorded. Subsequently, in January 2005 when the acquisition was consummated, the U.S. dollar had strengthened against the Euro, and a $934,000 loss as a result of the settlement of that foreign exchange contract was recorded in Other income, net in the six months ended June 30, 2005.
On March 31, 2004, the Company consummated the sale of its Payment Solutions business. The sale of the Company’s Payment Solutions business resulted in a net gain of $29.0 million, comprised of aggregate proceeds from the sale of $82.0 million less the net book value of assets sold of $49.3 million (including goodwill of $48.9 million) and transaction related costs of $3.5 million, which consist of investment bank fees, legal fees and employee related costs. In the three months ended June 30, 2004, the Company increased the net gain by $133,000 as a result of finalizing expenses associated with the sale of its Payment Solutions business.
Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and potentially dilutive shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon conversion of the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants using the “treasury stock” method. Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the computation of earnings per share if their effect is antidilutive.
The “treasury stock” method calculates the dilutive effect for only those stock options and warrants whose exercise price is less than the average stock price during the period presented. Using the “treasury stock” method, stock options and warrants to purchase 3,612,203 and 3,942,893 shares of common stock were included in the calculation of diluted net income per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. Stock options and warrants to purchase 3,597,223 and 2,009,761 shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively, as they were antidilutive.
7
Stock options and warrants to purchase 4,329,873 and 4,184,294 shares of common stock were included in the calculation of diluted net income per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively. Stock options and warrants to purchase 2,268,262 and 1,783,942 shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively, as they were antidilutive.
The Company, at times, invests in equity instruments of public and privately-held companies for business and strategic purposes. The Company does not exercise significant influence over the operating or financial policies of any of these companies. As of December 31, 2004, the Company had no investments in publicly-held or privately-held companies. As of June 30, 2005, the Company held a $2.0 million investment in a privately-held company, which is included in other long term assets.
The Company accounts for its equity investments in accordance with SFAS No. 115,Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. SFAS No. 115 and Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 59,Accounting for Noncurrent Marketable Equity Securities, provide guidance on determining when an investment is other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company periodically evaluates whether the decline in fair value of its investment is other-than-temporary. This evaluation consists of a review by members of the Company’s senior finance management, and includes market pricing information for the securities held, market and economic trends in the industry or geographic area, and specific information on the investee company’s financial condition. For investments with no quoted market price, the Company also considers the implied value from any recent rounds of financing completed by the investee as well as market prices of comparable public companies. The Company requests from the private investee companies their annual and quarterly financial statements to assist the Company in reviewing relevant financial data and to assist the Company in determining whether such data may indicate other-than temporary declines in fair value below the Company’s accounting basis.
During the six months ended June 30, 2004, the Company determined that there had been an other-than-temporary impairment of certain of its investments in privately held companies and recorded a loss of $916,000. The Company did not record an impairment charge during the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
The Company accounts for derivative instruments, including warrants held to purchase shares of other companies, in accordance with SFAS No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which requires that all derivatives be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair values are recognized in earnings. During the six months ended June 30, 2004, a company in which InfoSpace held warrants to purchase shares of stock announced that it was being acquired and that any outstanding warrants to purchase shares of the company would also be purchased. The Company recognized a gain of $1.4 million based on the estimated fair value of the warrant in the six months ended June 30, 2004, and the warrant was subsequently purchased for $1.4 million. As part of the acquisition, the Company received the final payment and recorded a gain of $154,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
In June 2004, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its equity investments in privately held companies for approximately $500,000, which approximated their carrying values. The sale was completed in 2004 at the agreed price.
Gain on equity investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 consists of the following (in thousands):
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| | Three Months Ended June 30,
| | Six Months Ended June 30,
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| | 2005
| | 2004
| | 2005
| | 2004
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Other-than-temporary investment impairments | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (916 | ) |
Increase in fair value of warrants | | | 154 | | | — | | | 154 | | | 1,374 | |
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Net gain on equity investments | | $ | 154 | | $ | — | | $ | 154 | | $ | 458 | |
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8
As of December 31, 2004, the Company had $13.2 million recorded as a payroll tax receivable. The receivable was comprised of income tax withholdings of $12.6 million and $620,000 in payroll taxes related to the exercise of non-qualified stock options in 2000 by Anuradha Jain, a former officer of the Company and the spouse of Naveen Jain, the Company’s former chairman and chief executive officer (collectively referred to as the “Jains”). On April 15, 2005, the Company collected $12.2 million from the Jains. As of June 30, 2005, the Company has a receivable balance of $1.0 million. Pursuant to a closing agreement, the Internal Revenue Service has agreed to refund this amount to the Company, net of an unrelated tax liability of approximately $197,000 that is included in Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities at December 31, 2004 and June 30, 2005.
Litigation
On August 28, 2003, a complaint entitled Naveen Jain, et al. v. InfoSpace, Inc., et al. was filed in the Superior Court of Washington for King County against the Company and other parties (“Jain v. InfoSpace Action”). The complaint sought declaratory relief and damages based on defendants’ alleged actions and/or omissions in connection with the transactions underlying the judgment entered against Naveen and Anuradha Jain and certain Jain trusts in the Dreiling v. Jain, et al. Section 16(b) “short swing” profits action under Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Section 16(b) Action”). In May 2004, the Superior Court ordered the Jain v. InfoSpace Action consolidated with two other lawsuits (the “Consolidated Action”). The Consolidated Action as to claims against the Company was dismissed with prejudice on April 1, 2005 pursuant to the Combined Settlement Agreement which is further described below. Certain claims by the Jains against other defendants are pending. Although these claims may be the basis for an assertion of indemnification claims against the Company, the Jains have agreed to hold the Company harmless for any indemnification claims related to this lawsuit.
On June 6, 2003, a complaint entitled Enger v. Richards, filed in the Superior Court of the State of Washington (King County), was amended to add the Company and Naveen Jain, its former chairman and chief executive officer, as defendants. The action alleges claims under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act (“RICO”) and Washington Securities Act and various common law causes of action in connection with the sale of Yellow Pages on the Internet, LLC to the Company in May 1997. The amended complaint seeks damages that the plaintiff estimates to be $127.8 million, but plaintiff’s various damages estimates describe a broader range of purported damages. In December 2003, the plaintiff voluntarily dismissed the Company from this action. In January 2004, John Richards, a former Company employee, amended his answer to the complaint to assert a third-party claim for indemnification against the Company, which purports to seek reimbursement for his legal fees as well as any judgment. The Court dismissed on summary judgment plaintiff’s RICO claim, the Washington Securities Act claim, and various equitable theories of recovery. The Court also dismissed those claims against Jain based on common law fraud and on a purported agency relationship between Richards and Jain, and the Court has issued a number of rulings limiting plaintiff’s available damages. In January 2005, the plaintiff, Jain and the Company entered into a settlement of all of their respective claims, including Jain’s claim for indemnification against the Company and any potential claims that Enger could bring against the Company. The settlement was paid entirely by the Company’s insurance. Richards’ claim for indemnification was not a part of the settlement agreement. On March 16, 2005, the trial court entered a judgment in Richards’ favor of four hundred fifty-five dollars ($455). Enger is appealing that judgment. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to Richards’ claim for indemnification, but litigation is inherently uncertain and the Company may not prevail in this matter.
9
On March 26, 2004, a complaint entitled Alexander Hutton Capital, L.L.C. v. John Richards, Naveen Jain, et al., was filed in the Superior Court of the State of Washington (King County). Plaintiff did not name the Company as a defendant. As in the Enger v. Richards case (above) to which it is related, this action alleges claims under RICO and the Washington Securities Act, and various common law causes of action in connection with the sale of Yellow Pages on the Internet, LLC to the Company in May 1997. The complaint seeks damages that the plaintiff estimates to be $174.8 million. In June 2004, the Court dismissed with prejudice the plaintiff’s RICO claim against the Jains and Richards. In July 2004, Richards filed an answer in which he asserts a third party claim for indemnification against the Company, which purports to seek reimbursement for his legal fees as well as any judgment. In February 2005, plaintiff, the Jains and the Company entered into a settlement of their respective claims, including the Jains’ claim for indemnification against the Company and any potential claims that Hutton could bring against the Company. The settlement was paid entirely by the Company’s insurance. On July 22, 2005, the Court granted Richards’s motion to dismiss his claim for indemnification without prejudice.
Two of nine founding shareholders and three other shareholders of Authorize.Net Corporation, a subsidiary acquired through the Company’s merger with Go2Net, filed a lawsuit in May 2000 in Utah State Court. This action was brought to reallocate amongst the founding shareholders of Authorize.Net the consideration received in the acquisition of Authorize.Net by Go2Net. The plaintiffs are making claims under the Utah Uniform Securities Act as well as claims of fraud, negligent misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty, conflict of interest, breach of contract and related claims, and seek compensatory and punitive damages in the amount of $200 million, rescission of certain transactions in Authorize.Net securities, and declaratory and injunctive relief. The plaintiffs subsequently amended the claims to name Authorize.Net as a defendant with regard to the claims under the Utah Uniform Securities Act and asserted related claims against Go2Net and InfoSpace; the case is now captioned Patrick O’Keefe II, et al. v. David Heaps, et al. On November 2, 2004, the Utah Court entered an order dismissing all claims plaintiffs asserted against Authorize.Net, Go2Net, and InfoSpace with prejudice. Authorize.Net previously asserted counterclaims against the plaintiffs on which plaintiffs filed for summary judgment, and the Utah Court has denied plaintiffs’ summary judgment motion against those counterclaims. On April 4, 2005, the Court dismissed plaintiffs’ breach of contract claims with prejudice. Authorize.Net remains a defendant in the lawsuit in cross-claims for indemnification and contribution asserted by two former officers of Authorize.Net. Pursuant to the Company’s sale of Authorize.Net to Lightbridge, Inc., the Company has agreed to indemnify Lightbridge for liability, if any, resulting from the plaintiffs’ claims. The Company believes Authorize.Net and Go2Net have meritorious defenses to these cross-claims, but litigation is inherently uncertain and they may not prevail in this matter.
On December 23, 2004, a combined settlement agreement (the “Combined Settlement Agreement”) was reached in the Dreiling v. Jain, et al. derivative action (the “Derivative Action”) and the Section 16(b) Action. The Combined Settlement Agreement provided for (among other consideration) a cash payment to the Company, net of plaintiff’s counsel’s fee and certain costs, of approximately $83 million, including insurance proceeds. In addition, the Combined Settlement Agreement provided for dismissal of the Derivative Action and Section 16(b) Action with prejudice, except that dismissal of derivative claims against one non-officer or director defendant was without prejudice. The Combined Settlement Agreement also resolved all claims by the Jains against the Company in the Consolidated Action. The Combined Settlement Agreement was granted final approval by the Superior Court of Washington for King County at a hearing on February 18, 2005, and by the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington at a hearing on February 15, 2005. On March 25, 2005, pursuant to the terms of the Combined Settlement Agreement, the net settlement proceeds were disbursed to the Company. The Company recognized a net gain of $77.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2005 comprised of settlement proceeds of $83.2 million, including interest, less $2.0 million in income taxes and $3.9 million in legal fees.
In addition, from time to time the Company is subject to various other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business or are not material to our business. Although the Company cannot predict the outcomes of the other proceedings with certainty, the Company’s management does not believe that the disposition of these ordinary course matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Other Contingencies:
The Company has pledged a portion of its cash and cash equivalents as collateral for standby letters of credit and bank guaranties for certain of its property leases. As of June 30, 2005, the total amount of collateral pledged under these agreements was approximately $4.5 million.
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8. | Restructuring Charges and Other, net |
Restructuring charges and other, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, consists of the following (in thousands):
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| | | Six Months Ended June 30,
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| | 2005
| | 2004
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| | 2004
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Restructuring charges | | $ | — | | $ | 271 | | | $ | — | | $ | 222 | |
Other, net | | | — | | | (3,922 | ) | | | — | | | (2,832 | ) |
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Restructuring charges and other, net | | $ | — | | $ | (3,651 | ) | | $ | — | | $ | (2,610 | ) |
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In June 2004, the Company recorded a restructuring charge to adjust its estimated reserves for its future excess facilities costs, based on reducing the present value of future committed lease payments by estimated sublease rental income, net of estimated sublease costs or the cost to terminate the excess facilities leases. During June 2004, the Company entered into lease termination agreements with its landlord for the majority of its excess facilities. The aggregate cost to terminate such leases amounted to approximately $2.4 million, which was paid in 2004. The Company did not record any or adjust existing restructuring charges in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
During the three months ended June 30, 2004, the Company settled a litigation matter concerning promissory notes due from a former officer of the Company, resulting in a gain of $3.9 million. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Company received $3.3 million in cash and 18,438 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $622,000 from the former officer in full settlement of promissory notes previously recorded for $10.0 million and interest earned on the promissory notes of $1.6 million. The Company previously recorded a full valuation allowance related to the promissory notes and related interest. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2004, the Company recorded a charge of $1.2 million related to the separation of a former executive officer.
SFAS No. 131,Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, establishes standards for the way that companies report information about operating business units in annual financial statements. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. During March 2004, the Company sold its Payment Solutions business, which is presented as a discontinued operation.
The Company measures the results of its reportable segments based on its segment income. Segment income represents operating income or loss before depreciation, amortization and impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets, restructuring charges, other charges, and gains and losses on equity investments. Additionally, the Company does not allocate certain indirect general and administrative expenses, income taxes or interest income to the reportable business units’ segment income.
Information on reportable segments currently presented to the Company’s chief operating decision maker and a reconciliation to consolidated net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below (in thousands). The Company does not account for, and does not report to management, its assets or capital expenditures by business unit.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended
| | | Six months ended
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| | | June 30, 2004
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| | | June 30, 2004
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Search & Directory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | 46,090 | | | $ | 34,393 | | | $ | 94,059 | | | $ | 67,652 | |
Operating expenses | | | 25,756 | | | | 19,759 | | | | 52,039 | | | | 39,220 | |
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Segment income | | | 20,334 | | | | 14,634 | | | | 42,020 | | | | 28,432 | |
Segment margin | | | 44.1 | % | | | 42.5 | % | | | 44.7 | % | | | 42.0 | % |
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Mobile | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | | 37,091 | | | | 20,055 | | | | 76,144 | | | | 34,877 | |
Operating expenses | | | 28,818 | | | | 13,522 | | | | 57,674 | | | | 24,566 | |
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Segment income | | | 8,273 | | | | 6,533 | | | | 18,470 | | | | 10,311 | |
Segment margin | | | 22.3 | % | | | 32.6 | % | | | 24.3 | % | | | 29.6 | % |
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Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total segment revenues | | | 83,181 | | | | 54,448 | | | | 170,203 | | | | 102,529 | |
Total segment operating expenses | | | 54,574 | | | | 33,281 | | | | 109,713 | | | | 63,786 | |
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Total segment income | | | 28,607 | | | | 21,167 | | | | 60,490 | | | | 38,743 | |
Total segment margin | | | 34.4 | % | | | 38.9 | % | | | 35.5 | % | | | 37.8 | % |
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Corporate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses | | | 9,544 | | | | 8,804 | | | | 19,496 | | | | 17,793 | |
Depreciation | | | 1,941 | | | | 1,745 | | | | 3,715 | | | | 3,544 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 3,763 | | | | 2,002 | | | | 7,846 | | | | 3,743 | |
Restructuring charges and other, net | | | — | | | | (3,651 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,610 | ) |
Gain on equity investments, net | | | (154 | ) | | | — | | | | (154 | ) | | | (458 | ) |
Other income, net | | | (2,838 | ) | | | (1,176 | ) | | | (82,992 | ) | | | (2,161 | ) |
Income tax expense | | | 65 | | | | 71 | | | | 2,394 | | | | 103 | |
Income from and gain on sale of discontinued operation, net of taxes | | | — | | | | (133 | ) | | | — | | | | (31,399 | ) |
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| | | 12,321 | | | | 7,662 | | | | (49,695 | ) | | | (11,445 | ) |
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Total Consolidated Net Income | | $ | 16,286 | | | $ | 13,505 | | | $ | 110,185 | | | $ | 50,188 | |
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10. | Stock Repurchase Program |
On May 13, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase plan whereby the Company may purchase up to $100 million of its common stock in open-market transactions during the succeeding twelve month period. Repurchased shares will be retired and resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of common stock. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company purchased 336,002 shares in open-market transactions at a total cost, exclusive of purchase and administrative costs, of $11.1 million, at an average price of $32.97 per share.
11. | Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards using the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25. Accordingly, no compensation expense is recorded for stock options granted with exercise prices greater than or equal to the fair value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant. On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). SFAS No. 123(R) eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 to stock compensation awards. Rather, SFAS No. 123(R) requires enterprises to measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award at the date of grant. That cost will be recognized over the period during which a person is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
The Company has not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), but expects that the new standard will result in significant stock-based compensation expense. The pro forma effects on net income and earnings per share if the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS No. 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25) are presented in Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation. Although such pro forma effects of applying the original SFAS No. 123 may be indicative of the effects of adopting SFAS No. 123(R), the provisions of these two statements differ in important respects. The actual effects of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) will be dependent on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the valuation model chosen by the Company to value stock-based awards; the assumed award forfeiture rate; the accounting policies adopted concerning the method of recognizing the fair value of awards over the requisite service period; and the transition method (as described below) chosen for adopting SFAS No. 123(R).
SFAS No. 123(R) will be effective January 1, 2006, and the Company may use the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method, SFAS No. 123(R) is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that are outstanding as of the date of adoption will be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption will be based on the fair value at the date of grant of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS No. 123. Alternatively, the Company may use the Modified Retrospective Application Method, which may be applied to all prior years for which the original SFAS No. 123 was effective. Under this method, financial statements for prior periods will be adjusted to give effect to the fair-value-based method of accounting for awards on a consistent basis with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under the original SFAS No. 123.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking statements that involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. You should read the cautionary statements made in this report as being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this report. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and in the section entitled “Factors Affecting Our Operating Results, Business Prospects and Market Price of Stock” and in our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission including our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect only our opinion as of the date of this report.
Overview
InfoSpace, Inc. (“InfoSpace”, “our” or “we”) is a Web search, online directory and mobile information and entertainment company comprised of our Search & Directory and Mobile businesses. Our Search & Directory business uses our metasearch technology to provide search results to our branded Web sites and private-label partner Web properties and also offers online directory services. Our Mobile business is a provider and publisher of wireless content, including ringtones, games and graphics, and also offers infrastructure solutions.
We were founded in 1996 and are incorporated in the state of Delaware. Our principal corporate offices are located in Bellevue, Washington. We also have facilities in Los Angeles and San Mateo, California; Westboro, Massachusetts; Woking and Eastleigh, United Kingdom; Papendrecht, The Netherlands; and Wedel, Germany. Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “INSP.”
Prior to 1997, we had insignificant revenues and were primarily engaged in the development of technology for the aggregation, integration and distribution of Internet content. In 1997, we expanded our operations, adding sales personnel to capitalize on the opportunity to generate Internet advertising revenues and began generating significant revenue with our on-line services. Since then, we have expanded and enhanced our products and application services through both internal development and acquisitions.
Beginning in 2003, we focused on two businesses: Search & Directory and Mobile. Subsequently, we sold our Payment Solutions business for $82.0 million in cash and sold or otherwise disposed of other non-core services and expanded our Search & Directory business with the acquisition of Switchboard Incorporated (“Switchboard”), an on-line directory company, and expanded our Mobile business with the acquisition of several mobile content and application businesses.
Company Internet Site and Availability of SEC Filings
Our corporate Internet site is located at www.infospaceinc.com. We make available on that site our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments to those filings, and other filings we make electronically with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The filings can be found in the Investor Relations section of our site and are available free of charge. Information on our Internet site is not part of this Form 10-Q. In addition to our Web site, the SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding us and other issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Overview of Second Quarter 2005 Operating Results
The following is an overview of our operating results for the three months ended June 30, 2005. A more detailed discussion of our operating results, comparing our operating results for the three months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, is included under the heading “Historical Results of Operations” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
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Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2005 increased to $83.2 million from revenues of $54.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2004. Revenues from our Search & Directory business increased to $46.1 million in the second quarter of 2005 from $34.4 million in the second quarter of 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to the growth in our search revenues from our search distribution business, in which we private label our search products for others to offer on their own Web properties, and an increase in our directory business, partially as a result of our acquisition of Switchboard in June 2004. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, over 60% of our search revenues in North America came from distribution partners. Revenues from our Mobile business increased to $37.1 million in the second quarter of 2005 from $20.1 million in the second quarter of 2004, primarily attributable to an increase in sales of our media download products, such as ringtones and graphics and, to a lesser extent, games as a result of our acquisition in the second half of 2004 and early 2005 of three mobile gaming companies: Atlas-Mobile Inc. (“Atlas”), IOMO Limited (“IOMO”) and elkware GmbH (“elkware”).
Total operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2005 were $69.8 million, an increase of $27.6 million from operating expenses of $42.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase from the three months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase in our distribution costs for revenue share amounts due to our distribution partners and content costs associated with our media download products. We expect these costs to increase as revenues from these products and services increase. Other operating costs increased as we expanded our operations, including increases in personnel costs, including salaries, benefits and other employee costs, and increases in temporary help from contractors and consultants to augment our staffing needs, which is the result of additional headcount related to the growth in our business and our acquisitions of Switchboard and the three mobile gaming companies. Additionally, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets increased as a result of our acquisitions in 2004 and early 2005.
Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2005 was $16.3 million compared to net income of $13.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2004, primarily attributable to the items noted above.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” as well as disclosures included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, are based upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingencies.
The SEC has defined a company’s most critical accounting policies as the ones that are the most important to the portrayal of the company’s financial condition and results of operations, and which require the company to make its most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate the estimates used, including those related to impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets, useful lives of other intangible assets, contingencies, certain operating expenses, the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in our business combination, and whether to provide a valuation allowance for some or all of our deferred tax assets. We base our estimates on historical experience, current conditions and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources as well as identifying and assessing our accounting treatment with respect to commitments and contingencies. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions, judgments or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies involve the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. We also have other key accounting policies, which involve the use of estimates, judgments, and assumptions that are significant to understanding our results. For additional information see Item 8 of Part II “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Revenue Recognition
Our revenues are derived from products and services delivered to our customers across our two business units, Search & Directory and Mobile. In general, we recognize revenues in the period in which the services are performed, products are delivered or the transaction occurs. In certain customer arrangements, we record deferred revenue for amounts received from customers in advance of the performance of services or upon execution of an agreement and recognize revenues ratably over the term of the agreement or expected customer life. We generally record revenue on a gross basis in accordance with EITF 99-19,Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent. For distribution partner arrangements in our Search & Directory business we record revenue on a gross basis and the corresponding revenue sharing payments as a content and distribution expense. For mobile operator customers in which we license the content, we record revenue on a gross basis and the corresponding licensing expense as a content and distribution expense. In the event the mobile operator customer directly licenses the content, we record as revenue the service fees we earn.
Income taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards, and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company believes sufficient uncertainty exists regarding the realizability of the net deferred tax assets such that a full valuation allowance is required. Under certain conditions related to our future profitability and other business factors, we believe it is possible our results will yield sufficient positive evidence to support the conclusion that it is more likely than not that that we will realize the tax benefit of our net operating losses and other deferred tax assets and that such a conclusion may be reached as early as the second half of 2005. If that is the case, subject to review of other qualitative factors and uncertainties, in the period that such a determination is made, we would expect to begin reversing some or all of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance as a credit to stockholders’ equity for the portion of the net operating loss valuation allowance associated with stock option transactions, and the remainder would be reversed into income as a reduction of tax expense. Thereafter, to the extent we are profitable, we will record income tax expenses.
Business combinations
Business combinations accounted for under the purchase method of accounting require management to estimate the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The allocation of the purchase price based on the estimated fair value of assets and liabilities acquired may be subject to adjustments during the year following the date of acquisition related to fair value of the assets and liabilities assumed.
Allowances for Sales and Doubtful Accounts
Our management must make estimates of potential future sales allowances related to current period revenues for our products and services. We analyze historical adjustments, current economic trends and changes in customer demand and acceptance of our products when evaluating the adequacy of the sales allowances. Estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the sales allowance in any accounting period.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is a management estimate that considers actual facts and circumstances of individual customers and other debtors, such as financial condition and historical payment trends. We evaluate the adequacy of the allowance utilizing a combination of specific identification of potentially problematic accounts and identification of accounts that have exceeded payment terms.
Accounting for Goodwill and Certain Other Intangible Assets
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. Significant judgments required to estimate the fair value of reporting units include estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit. As of June 30, 2005 we have approximately $177.4 million of goodwill on our balance sheet relating to our Search & Directory and Mobile reporting units.
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Contingencies
We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims, the outcomes of which are subject to significant uncertainty. SFAS No. 5,Accounting for Contingencies, requires that an estimated loss from a loss contingency should be accrued by a charge to income if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Disclosure of a contingency is required if there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss has been incurred. We evaluate, among other factors, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss. Changes in these factors could materially impact our financial position or our results of operations. See Note 7 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding contingencies.
Historical Results of Operations
For the six months ended June 30, 2005, our net income was $110.2 million. While we achieved profitability during 2004 and in the first half of 2005, prior to that we had incurred losses since our inception and, as of June 30, 2005, had an accumulated deficit of approximately $1.1 billion.
In light of the rapidly evolving nature of our business and overall market conditions, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our revenues and operating expenses are not necessarily meaningful, and you should not necessarily rely upon them as indications of our future performance.
Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 and 2004
Revenues. Revenues are derived from deploying our Internet software, services and products to customers. Under many of our agreements, we earn revenue from a combination of our products and services delivered to a broad range of customers. Revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below (amounts in thousands):
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| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Change from 2004
| | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Change from 2004
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Search & Directory | | $ | 46,090 | | $ | 34,393 | | $ | 11,697 | | $ | 94,059 | | $ | 67,652 | | $ | 26,407 |
Mobile | | | 37,091 | | | 20,055 | | | 17,036 | | | 76,144 | | | 34,877 | | | 41,267 |
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Total | | $ | 83,181 | | $ | 54,448 | | $ | 28,733 | | $ | 170,203 | | $ | 102,529 | | $ | 67,674 |
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The increase in total revenue for Search & Directory for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, is primarily due to the growth in our paid search services, and in particular, paid searches from our distribution partners’ Web properties, greater revenue per paid search and, to a lesser extent, directory revenues related to our acquisition of Switchboard. In the second quarter of 2005, we generated an aggregate of approximately 214 million paid searches (including both search and directory) in North America at an average revenue per paid search of $0.18, an increase from an aggregate of approximately 178 million paid searches in North America at an average revenue per paid search of $0.16 in the second quarter of 2004. Search distribution, in which we private label our search products for others to offer on their own Web properties, and online directory revenue as a result of our acquisition of Switchboard, were the primary areas of growth for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, over 60% of our search revenues in North America came from distribution partners. At the end of the second quarter of 2005, Verizon, one of our top ten customers, did not renew certain provisions of our subscription agreement for yellow pages listings, which represents a significant portion of the revenue we received from Verizon. This will have a negative impact on our revenues starting in the third quarter of 2005 and will continue to negatively impact our financial results until we are able to replace such revenue.
The increase in revenue for our Mobile business for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, is primarily due to increased revenues from our media download products and, to a lesser extent, revenues from sales of games as a result of our acquisitions of three gaming companies in the second half of 2004 and early 2005.
Seasonality
Our Search & Directory services are historically affected by seasonal fluctuations in Internet usage, which generally declines in the summer months. Our Mobile business may also be subject to seasonality based on the timing of consumer product cycles and other factors, such as the timing of new mobile phone sales.
17
Content and Distribution. Content and distribution expenses consist principally of costs related to revenue sharing arrangements with our distribution partners in connection with our Search & Directory business, royalty and license fees related to our media download products for items such as ringtones, graphics and games, and other content or data licenses. Content and distribution expenses in total dollars (in thousands) and as a percent of total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
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Content and Distribution | | $ | 34,864 | | 41.9 | % | | $ | 18,611 | | 34.2 | % | | $ | 69,694 | | 40.9 | % | | $ | 35,497 | | 34.6 | % |
Content and distribution expenses increased by $16.3 million and $34.2 million to $34.9 million and $69.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to $18.6 million and $35.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. The absolute dollar and cost as a percent of revenue increase for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, was attributable to revenue growth from our Search & Directory distribution partners in which we have revenue sharing arrangements where we private label our search and directory products for others to offer on their own Web properties and from sales of our content and media download products to our mobile customers. We anticipate that our content and distribution costs will increase in absolute dollars if revenues from our Search & Directory distribution partners and sales of our content and media download products to our mobile customers continue to increase. In addition, recent trends indicate demand is increasing for media download content for which we have higher costs. If the trend continues to shift towards sales of higher cost media download content, content and distribution costs as a percent of revenue will increase.
Systems and Network Operations. Systems and network operations consists of expenses associated with the delivery, maintenance and support of our products, services and infrastructure, including personnel expenses, which include salaries, benefits and other employee related costs, and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, communication costs and equipment repair and maintenance. Systems and network operations expenses in total dollars (in thousands) and as a percent of total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
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Systems and Network Operations | | $ | 4,899 | | 5.9 | % | | $ | 3,813 | | 7.0 | % | | $ | 9,312 | | 5.5 | % | | $ | 7,031 | | 6.9 | % |
Systems and network operations expenses increased by $1.1 million and $2.3 million to $4.9 million and $9.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to $3.8 million and $7.0 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
The absolute dollar increase for the three months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $1.3 million in personnel expenses, including employee salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, which was the result of additional headcount due to growth in our business and also related to our acquisition of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies. Additionally, software application costs increased. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in our communication costs.
The absolute dollars increase for the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $2.4 million in personnel expenses, including employee salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, which was the result of additional headcount needs due to growth in our business and also related to our acquisition of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies. Additionally, software application costs increased. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in our communication costs.
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Product Development Expenses. Product development expenses consist principally of personnel costs, which include salaries, benefits and other employee related costs, and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, for research, development, support and ongoing enhancements of our products and services. Product development expenses in total dollars (in thousands) and as a percent of total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
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Product Development Expenses | | $ | 7,596 | | 9.1 | % | | $ | 5,580 | | 10.3 | % | | $ | 14,967 | | 8.8 | % | | $ | 10,018 | | 9.8 | % |
Product development expenses increased by $2.0 million and $4.9 million to $7.6 million and $15.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to $5.6 million and $10.0 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
The absolute dollar increase for the three months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $1.9 million in personnel expenses, including employee salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, as we continued to invest in the development and enhancement of our products and services and also as a result of additional headcount related to our acquisitions of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies.
The absolute dollar increase for the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $4.5 million in personnel expenses, including employee salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, which increased as we continued to invest in the development and enhancement of our products and services and also as a result of additional headcount related to our acquisitions of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies.
Product development costs may not be consistent with trends in changes in revenue and as a percent of revenues as they represent key costs to develop and enhance our product offerings. We believe that investments in technology are necessary to remain competitive, and we anticipate that product development expenses will increase as we continue to invest in our products and services.
Sales and Marketing ExpensesSales and marketing expenses consist principally of personnel costs, which include salaries, benefits and other employee related costs, and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing, advertising, market research and promotion expenses. Sales and marketing expenses in total dollars (in thousands) and as a percent of total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
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Sales and Marketing Expenses | | $ | 7,030 | | 8.5 | % | | $ | 5,083 | | 9.3 | % | | $ | 14,902 | | 8.8 | % | | $ | 10,541 | | 10.3 | % |
Sales and marketing expenses increased by $1.9 million and $4.4 million to $7.0 million and $14.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to $5.1 million and $10.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
The absolute dollar increase for the three months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $1.1 million in advertising and promotion expense and an increase of $850,000 in personnel expenses, including salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing as we continue to grow our business, and also as a result of our acquisitions of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies.
The absolute dollar increase for the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase of $2.6 million in personnel expenses, including salaries and benefits and temporary help and contractors to augment our staffing as we continue to grow our business, and also as a result of our acquisitions of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies, and an increase of $1.6 million in advertising and promotion expense.
We anticipate sales and marketing expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in marketing initiatives and sales promotions and expand our products and services.
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General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, which include salaries, benefits and other employee related costs, professional service fees, which include legal fees, audit fees, SEC compliance costs, costs related to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, occupancy and general office expenses, and general business development and management expenses. General and administrative expenses in total dollars (in thousands) and as a percent of total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Three months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2005
| | Percent of Revenue
| | | Six months ended June 30, 2004
| | Percent of Revenue
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General and Administrative Expenses | | $ | 9,729 | | 11.7 | % | | $ | 8,998 | | 16.5 | % | | $ | 20,334 | | 11.9 | % | | $ | 18,492 | | 18.0 | % |
General and administrative expenses increased by $731,000 and $1.8 million to $9.7 million and $20.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to $9.0 million and $18.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
The absolute dollar increase for the three months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to an increase in our occupancy costs of $486,000, which include facility charges, communications cost and general office expense, as a result of expanding our facilities to accommodate our increased employee base. Additionally, there were increases in our consulting costs, accounting fees, recruiting costs and bad debt expense partially offset by decreases in our liability insurance and litigation costs.
The absolute dollar increase for the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004 was primarily attributable to increase in our occupancy costs of $900,000 which include facility charges, communications cost and general office expense, as a result of expanding our facilities to accommodate our increased employee base and an increase of $791,000 in personnel costs, principally comprised of employee income taxes related to stock option exercises, and temporary help and contractors, to augment our staffing, as a result of integrating our acquisitions of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies. Additionally, there were increases in our consulting costs, accounting fees, recruiting costs and bad debt expense partially offset by decreases in our liability insurance and litigation costs.
We expect that professional fees for legal matters will continue to fluctuate depending on the timing and development of on-going legal matters.
Depreciation. Depreciation of property and equipment includes depreciation of network servers and data center equipment, computers, software, office equipment and fixtures, and leasehold improvements. Depreciation of property and equipment totaled $1.9 million and $3.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to $1.7 million and $3.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. Depreciation expense increased as a result of property and equipment recently purchased and in connection with those acquired with our acquisition of Switchboard and three mobile gaming companies, offset by a decrease in depreciation expense of older property and equipment reaching the end of their depreciable lives.
Amortization of Other Intangible Assets. Amortization of definite-lived intangible assets includes amortization of core technology, customer and content relationships, customer lists and other intangible assets. Amortization of other intangible assets totaled $3.8 million and $7.8 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to $2.0 million and $3.7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. The absolute dollar increase from the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 to the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 is primarily attributable to intangible assets that were acquired in the acquisitions of Switchboard and the three mobile gaming companies. Assuming we do not acquire businesses or intangible assets in the future, the amortization of intangible assets will be approximately $7.4 million for the remainder of 2005, $13.2 million in 2006, $7.5 million in 2007, $4.7 million in 2008, and $3.1 million in 2009.
Restructuring Charges and Other, Net. We did not record any restructuring charges and other, net charges in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. Restructuring charges and other, net charges totaled a net gain of $3.7 million and $2.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
20
In June 2004, we recorded a restructuring charge adjusting our estimated reserves for future excess facilities costs, based on reducing the present value of future committed lease payments by estimated sublease rental income, net of estimated sublease costs or the cost to terminate the excess facilities leases. During June 2004, we entered into lease termination agreements with our landlord for the majority of our excess facilities. The aggregate cost to terminate such leases amounted to approximately $2.4 million, which we paid in 2004. We recorded $271,000 and $222,000 in restructuring charges during the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
During the three months ended June 30, 2004, we settled a litigation matter concerning promissory notes due from a former officer, resulting in a gain of $3.9 million. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, we received $3.3 million in cash and 18,438 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $622,000 from the former officer in full settlement of promissory notes previously recorded for $10.0 million and interest earned on the promissory notes of $1.6 million. We previously recorded a full valuation allowance related to the promissory notes and related interest. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2004, we recorded a charge of $1.2 million related to the separation of a former executive officer.
Net Gain on Equity Investments.Gain on equity investments consists of gains from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments held by us, realized gains on equity investments and impairment of equity investments. We recorded a gain of $154,000 on equity investments in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. We recorded a net gain of $458,000 on equity investments for the six months ended June 30, 2004. We did not record a gain or loss on equity investments during the three months ended June 30, 2004.
The gain on equity investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 consists of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30,
| | Six Months Ended June 30,
| |
| | 2005
| | 2004
| | 2005
| | 2004
| |
Other-than-temporary investment impairments | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (916 | ) |
Increase in fair value of warrants | | | 154 | | | — | | | 154 | | | 1,374 | |
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Net gain on equity investments | | $ | 154 | | $ | — | | $ | 154 | | $ | 458 | |
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Other-than-temporary equity investment impairment: For certain investments in privately held companies, we determined that there was an other-than-temporary decline in value in the six months ended June 30, 2004, and therefore recorded an impairment charge of $916,000. We entered into an agreement to sell those investments in the second quarter of 2004 at a price that approximated the carrying value, and consummated that sale for the agreed price in the third quarter of 2004.
Changes in fair values of derivative instruments held: We hold warrants to purchase stock in other companies, which qualify as derivative instruments. During the six months ended June 30, 2004, we recognized a $1.4 million gain related to warrants we held to purchase shares of stock in a company that was being acquired, which acquisition included the purchase of outstanding warrants to purchase shares of the company. As part of the acquisition, we received the final payment and recorded a gain of $154,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 was $2.8 million and $83.0 million compared to $1.2 million and $2.2 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded $79.3 million in other income related to a Combined Settlement Agreement involving several outstanding litigation matters, including theDreiling v. Jain, et al. derivative lawsuit and theDreiling v. Jain, et. al. Section 16(b) case, as described in detail in Note 7 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The gain was based on the receipt of $83.2 million in cash in March 2005, less $3.9 million in legal fees. Partially offsetting this gain was a $934,000 foreign currency exchange loss related to a forward exchange contract we entered into in December 2004 in connection with our acquisition of elkware. Excluding the gain from the legal settlement and the foreign currency contract loss, other income primarily consisted of interest income of $2.9 million and $4.6 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to $1.1 million and $1.9 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase in interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 was primarily attributable to an increase in interest rates.
Income Tax Expense. We recorded an income tax expense of $65,000 and $2.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. We recorded $71,000 and $103,000 in income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively. Income Tax is attributable to being subject to Federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) and state, local and international taxes. We expect to record a tax provision for Federal AMT and state, local and international taxes for the remainder of 2005.
21
At December 31, 2004, we had a net deferred tax asset of approximately $477.5 million, primarily comprised of our accumulated net operating loss carryforwards. We have provided a full valuation allowance for our net deferred tax assets as we believe that sufficient uncertainty exists regarding the realizability of the deferred tax assets. Under certain conditions related to our future profitability and other business factors, we believe it is possible our results will yield sufficient positive evidence to support the conclusion that it is more likely than not that we will realize the tax benefit of our net operating losses and that such a conclusion may be reached as early as the second half of 2005. If that is the case, subject to review of other qualitative factors and uncertainties, we would expect to begin reversing some or all of the remaining deferred tax asset valuation allowance as a credit to stockholders’ equity for the portion of the net operating loss valuation allowance associated with stock option transactions, and the remainder would be reversed into income as a reduction of tax expense. For the periods following the recognition of this tax benefit and to the extent we are profitable, we will record a tax provision for which the actual payment may be offset against our accumulated net operating loss carryforwards.
Income from Discontinued Operation and Gain on Sale of Discontinued Operation.On March 31, 2004, we consummated the sale of our Payment Solutions business and have reflected income from Payment Solutions as a discontinued operation. For the six months ended June 30, 2004, we recorded a gain on the sale of Payment Solutions of $29.1 million, which was comprised of the result of proceeds from the sale of $82.0 million less the net book value of assets sold of $49.3 million (including goodwill of $48.9 million), and transaction related costs of $3.5 million, which consist of investment bank fees, legal fees and employee related costs. We adjusted the net gain by $133,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2004, as a result of finalizing expenses associated with the sale of our Payment Solutions business.
We have presented the operating results of Payment Solutions as a discontinued operation for all periods presented. We recorded income, net of taxes, from the operating results of Payment Solutions of zero and $2.3 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively. Income from discontinued operations includes previously unallocated depreciation, amortization, corporate expenses, and income taxes that were attributed to Payment Solutions.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2005, we had cash and marketable investments of $406.7 million, consisting of cash and cash equivalents of $159.3 million, short-term investments available-for-sale of $236.1 million and long-term investments available for sale of $11.3 million. We invest our excess cash in high quality marketable investments. These investments include securities issued by U.S. government agencies, certificates of deposit, money market funds, and taxable municipal bonds.
Commitments and pledged funds
The following are our contractual commitments associated with our operating lease obligations (in thousands):
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| | Remainder of 2005
| | 2006
| | 2007
| | 2008
| | 2009
| | 2010
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Operating lease commitments, net of sublease income | | $ | 2,710 | | $ | 4,661 | | $ | 4,557 | | $ | 1,415 | | $ | 802 | | $ | 616 |
We have pledged a portion of our cash and cash equivalents as collateral for standby letters of credit and bank guaranties for certain of our property leases. At June 30, 2005, the total amount of collateral pledged under these agreements was approximately $4.5 million. The change in the total amount of collateral pledged under these agreements was as follows (in thousands):
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| | Standby Letters of Credit
| | | Certificates of Deposit
| | | Total
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Balance at December 31, 2004 | | $ | 4,043 | | | $ | 513 | | | $ | 4,556 | |
Net change in collateral pledged | | | (30 | ) | | | (23 | ) | | | (53 | ) |
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Balance at June 30, 2005 | | $ | 4,013 | | | $ | 490 | | | $ | 4,503 | |
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Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities consists of net income offset by certain adjustments not affecting current period cash flows, and the effect of changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Adjustments to net income to determine cash flows from operations include depreciation and amortization, impairment of intangible assets, gains or losses on equity investments, warrant and stock-based related gains and expenses, gains and losses from the disposition of assets, and certain restructuring charges. Net cash provided (used) by investing activities consists of net cash used to acquire businesses, transactions related to our investments, purchases of property and equipment and proceeds from the sale of certain assets. Net cash provided (used) by financing activities consists of proceeds from the issuance of stock through the exercise of stock options or warrants and our employee stock purchase plan offset by repurchases of our common stock under our stock repurchase program.
Our net cash flows are comprised of the following for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
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| | Six months ended June 30,
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| | 2005
| | | 2004
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Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 121,637 | | | $ | 16,108 | |
Net cash used by investing activities | | | (45,013 | ) | | | (33,294 | ) |
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities | | | (2,537 | ) | | | 10,912 | |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 74,087 | | | $ | (6,274 | ) |
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Net cash provided by operating activities was $121.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005, consisting of our net income of $110.2 million, which includes a $79.3 million gain from a legal settlement, a decrease in notes and other receivables of $15.2 million, and adjustments not affecting cash flows provided by operating activities of $11.9 million, consisting of depreciation and amortization and bad debt expense. Partially offsetting the increase are changes in our operating assets and liabilities of $14.3 million primarily consisting of increases in accounts receivable, and prepaid expenses and other assets and decreases in accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenue, and other liabilities, and adjustments not affecting operating cash flows of $1.2 million primarily consisting of deferred tax liabilities.
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $16.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2004, consisting of our net income of $50.2 million, cash provided by changes in our operating assets and liabilities of $10.8 million, consisting of increases in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred revenue, and adjustments not affecting cash flows provided by operating activities of $8.4 million primarily consisting of depreciation and amortization and warrant and stock-based compensation expense. Partially offsetting the increase are changes in our operating assets and liabilities of $21.0 million, primarily consisting of increases in accounts receivable, notes and other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets and a decrease in accounts payable, and adjustments not affecting operating cash flows of $32.3 million, primarily consisting of income and the gain on sale of our Payment Solutions business of $31.4 million, accounted for as a discontinued operation, and gains from our equity investments.
Net cash used by investing activities totaled $45.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005, primarily consisting of $26.4 million used for our acquisition of elkware, $8.1 million used to purchase property and equipment and the net purchase of short term and long term investments of $10.8 million. Partially offsetting the decrease are proceeds of $194,000 from the sale of certain assets and equity investments.
Net cash used by investing activities totaled $33.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2004, primarily consisting of a net cash outflow of $108.6 million to acquire Switchboard, $4.3 million to purchase property and equipment and the net purchase of short term and long term investments of $4.2 million. Partially offsetting the decrease are proceeds of $82.0 million on the sale of Payment Solutions, and $1.8 million of proceeds from the sale of certain assets and equity investments.
Net cash used by financing activities totaled $2.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2005, and primarily consisted of $10.1 million used to repurchase our common stock. Partially offsetting the decrease was $7.6 million in cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options and from sales of shares through our employee stock purchase plan.
Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $10.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2004, and consisted of the exercise of stock options and sales of shares through our employee stock purchase plan.
23
We plan to use our cash to fund operations, develop technology, advertise, market and distribute our products and application services, and continue the enhancement of infrastructure. We may use a portion of our cash for acquisitions, some examples being our recent acquisitions of Switchboard, Atlas, IOMO and elkware, or our common stock repurchases.
We believe that existing cash balances, cash equivalents, short term investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. However, the underlying assumed levels of revenues and expenses may not prove to be accurate. Our anticipated cash needs exclude any payments for pending or future litigation matters. In addition, we evaluate acquisitions of businesses, products or technologies that complement our business from time to time. Any such transactions may use a portion of our cash and marketable investments. We may seek additional funding through public or private financings or other arrangements prior to such time. Adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on favorable terms. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products or services, take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could harm our business.
Stock Repurchase Program
On May 13, 2005, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase plan whereby we may purchase up to $100 million of our common stock in open-market transactions during the succeeding twelve-month period. Repurchased shares will be retired and resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of common stock. In the second quarter ending June 30, 2005, we purchased 336,002 shares in open-market transactions at a total cost, exclusive of purchase and administrative costs, of $11.1 million, at an average price of $32.97 per share.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We account for stock-based compensation awards using the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25. Accordingly, no compensation expense is recorded for stock options granted with exercise prices greater than or equal to the fair value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant. On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). SFAS No. 123(R) eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 to stock compensation awards. Rather, SFAS No. 123(R) requires enterprises to measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award at the date of grant. That cost will be recognized over the period during which a person is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
We have not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), but expect that the new standard will result in significant stock-based compensation expense. The pro forma effects on net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share if the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS No. 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25) are presented in Note 2: Stock-Based Compensation in our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Although such pro forma effects of applying the original SFAS No. 123 may be indicative of the effects of adopting SFAS No. 123(R), the provisions of these two statements differ in important respects. The actual effects of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) will be dependent on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the valuation model chosen by us to value stock-based awards; the assumed award forfeiture rate; the accounting policies adopted concerning the method of recognizing the fair value of awards over the requisite service period; and the transition method (as described below) chosen for adopting SFAS No. 123(R).
SFAS No. 123(R) will be effective January 1, 2006, and we may use the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method, SFAS No. 123(R) is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that are outstanding as of the date of adoption will be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption will be based on the fair value at the date of grant of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS No. 123. Alternatively, we may use the Modified Retrospective Application Method, which may be applied to all prior years for which the original SFAS No. 123 was effective. Under this method, financial statements for prior periods will be adjusted to give effect to the fair-value-based method of accounting for awards on a consistent basis with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under the original SFAS No. 123.
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FACTORS AFFECTING OUR OPERATING RESULTS,
BUSINESS PROSPECTS AND MARKET PRICE OF STOCK
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
We have a history of incurring net losses, we may incur net losses in the future, and we may not be able to sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
We have incurred net losses on an annual basis from our inception through December 31, 2003. As of June 30, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $1.1 billion. We may incur net losses in the future. We may in the future incur losses from the impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets, losses from acquisitions, restructuring charges or stock option expensing. We must therefore generate revenues sufficient to offset these expenses in order for us to be profitable. While we achieved profitability in each of our last eight fiscal quarters and on an annual basis for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, we may not be able to sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
Our revenues are dependent on our relationships with companies who distribute our products and services.
We rely on our relationships with distribution partners, including Web portals, software application providers, content aggregators and mobile operators, for distribution or usage of our products and application services. We generated approximately 55% and 56% of our total revenues through our relationships with our top ten distribution partners for the second and first quarter of 2005, respectively. In particular, we rely on a small number of distribution partners for a significant portion of the revenues associated with our search and directory products, and most of these partners are development-stage companies with limited operating histories and evolving business models. We cannot assure you that any of these relationships will continue, be sustainable or result in benefits to us that outweigh the costs of the relationships. In addition, our Search & Directory distribution partners or mobile operators may create their own products and services or license products and services directly from others that compete with or replace the products and services that we provide.
Certain of our agreements with our distribution partners will come up for renewal in 2005 and 2006, and our mobile operator contracts generally come up for renewal on an annual basis. Also, if a distribution partner does not comply with their agreement with us, we may terminate the agreement. Such agreements may be terminated or may not be renewed or replaced on favorable terms, which could adversely impact our operating results and earnings. In particular, competition is increasing for consumer traffic in the search and directory markets and we are currently experiencing pricing pressure in our Mobile business. We anticipate that the cost of our revenue sharing arrangements with our distribution partners and the cost of our content for our Mobile products and services will increase as revenues grow and may increase on a relative basis compared to revenues to the extent that there are changes to existing arrangements or we enter into new arrangements on less favorable terms.
Certain terms of our agreements with our third party content providers may be amended from time to time by both parties or may be subject to different interpretation by either party, which may require the rights we grant to our distribution partners to be modified to comply with such amendments or interpretations. Our agreements with our distribution partners generally provide that we may modify the rights we grant to our distribution partners to avoid being in conflict with the agreements with our content providers. Failure of a distribution partner to comply with any such modification may require us either to not provide content from the applicable content provider to such distribution partner or to terminate the distribution agreement.
Recently, changes by some of our search content providers to their approval processes and guidelines with respect to downloadable applications through which content is provided to end users have resulted in some of our distribution partners changing the manner in which they distribute their downloadable applications to end users to meet the new guidelines. Other distribution partners have not been able to meet the new guidelines, and we no longer provide the applicable content or any content, as the case may be, to such distribution partners or certain of their downloadable applications. If our content providers impose additional restrictions or requirements to such or other approval processes and guidelines, some of our distribution partners may be required to make additional changes to the manner in which they distribute their downloadable applications. If such distribution partners are unable to meet the new restrictions or requirements, we may need to terminate our agreement with such distribution partners or no longer provide the applicable content to such partners. The termination of agreements with our distribution partners or not providing certain content to such partners could have a material affect on our financial results. Additionally, the restrictions and requirements may make it more difficult for us to obtain approval to provide content to potential new distribution partners, which may also materially affect our financial results.
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If we are unable to maintain our relationships with distribution partners on favorable terms, our financial results would materially suffer.
A substantial portion of our revenues is attributable to a small number of customers, the loss of any one of which would harm our financial results.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a small number of customers. We expect that this concentration will continue in the foreseeable future. Our top ten customers represented approximately 90% and 88% of our revenues for the second and first quarters of 2005, respectively. Cingular Wireless, Yahoo! and Google each accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in the three-month period ended June 30, 2005. Our principal agreements with these customers expire in 2006. If we lose any of these customers, are unable to renew the contracts on favorable terms, or any of these customers are unable or unwilling to pay us amounts that they owe us, our financial results would materially suffer.
Our financial results are likely to continue to fluctuate, which could cause our stock price to be volatile or decline.
Our financial results have varied on a quarterly basis and are likely to fluctuate in the future. These fluctuations could cause our stock price to be volatile or decline. Several factors could cause our quarterly results to fluctuate materially, including:
| • | | variable demand for our products and application services, including seasonal fluctuations, rapidly evolving technologies and markets and consumer preferences; |
| • | | the impact on revenues or profitability of changes in pricing for our products and services; |
| • | | the loss, termination or reduction in scope of key customer, distribution and content relationships; |
| • | | the results from shifts in the mix of products and services we provide to our customers; |
| • | | the effects of acquisitions by us, our customers or our distribution partners; |
| • | | increases in the costs or availability of content for or distribution of our products; |
| • | | the adoption of new laws, rules or regulations, or new court rulings, regarding intellectual property that may adversely effect our ability to continue to acquire content and distribute our products and services, or the ability of our content providers or distribution partners to continue to provide us with their content or distribute our products and services; |
| • | | impairment in the value of long-lived assets or the value of acquired assets, including goodwill, core technology and acquired contracts and relationships; |
| • | | the effect of changes in accounting principles or in our accounting treatment of revenue or expense matters; |
| • | | the foreign currency effects from transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar; |
| • | | litigation expense; and |
| • | | the adoption of new regulations or accounting standards, including the new accounting standard that requires us to expense the fair value of our employee stock options beginning in 2006. |
For these reasons, among others, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons of our financial results to forecast our future performance. Furthermore, our fluctuating operating results may fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors, which could cause the trading price of our stock to decline.
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We operate in new and rapidly evolving markets, and our business model continues to evolve, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects.
Our potential for future profitability must be considered in the light of the risks, uncertainties, and difficulties encountered by companies that are in new and rapidly evolving markets and continuing to innovate with new and unproven technologies or services, as well as undergoing significant change. Our Search & Directory and Mobile businesses are in young industries that have undergone rapid and dramatic changes in their short history. In addition to the other risks we describe in this section, some of these risks relate to our potential inability to:
| • | | attract and retain distribution partners for our search and directory products; |
| • | | retain and expand our existing mobile operator arrangements; |
| • | | attract and retain content partners; |
| • | | respond quickly and appropriately to competitive developments, including: |
| • | | rapid technological change, |
| • | | changes in customer requirements, |
| • | | new products introduced into our markets by our competitors, and |
| • | | regulatory changes affecting the industries we operate in or the markets we serve both in the United States and foreign countries; and |
| • | | manage our growth, control expenditures and align costs with revenues. |
If we do not effectively address the risks we face, we may not sustain profitability.
Our strategic direction is evolving, which could negatively affect our future results.
Since inception, our business model has evolved and is likely to continue to evolve as we refine our product offerings and market focus. In particular, in 2003 and 2004 we completed an in-depth analysis of our business and have since tightened our strategic focus to our Search & Directory and Mobile businesses. Businesses and services falling outside of these areas, including our Payment Solutions business, were sold or otherwise divested. There can be no assurance that our increased focus on and investment in our core businesses will produce better financial results than we would have achieved with our prior businesses or that we will be successful in effectively utilizing the proceeds of the sales of the businesses. Further changes in strategic direction may occur as we continue to evaluate opportunities in a rapidly evolving market. These changes to our business may not prove successful in the short or long term and may negatively impact our financial results.
In addition, we have in the past and may in the future find it advisable to streamline operations and reduce expenses, including, without limitation, such measures as reductions in the workforce, reductions in discretionary spending, reductions in capital expenditures as well as other steps to reduce expenses. Effecting any such restructuring would likely place significant strains on management and our operational, financial, employee and other resources. In addition, any such restructuring could impair our development, marketing, sales and customer support efforts or alter our product development plans.
Our financial and operating results will suffer if we are unsuccessful at integrating acquired businesses.
We have acquired a number of technologies and businesses in the past and may engage in further acquisitions in the future. For example, in November 2003, we acquired Moviso LLC, a provider of mobile media content, entertainment and personalization services; in June 2004, we acquired Switchboard, a provider of local on-line advertising solutions and Internet-based yellow pages; in July 2004, we acquired the assets of Atlas Mobile, a provider of mobile multi-player tournament games; in December 2004 we acquired IOMO, a U.K. developer and publisher of mobile games; and in January 2005, we acquired elkware, a German developer and publisher of mobile games.
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Acquisitions may involve use of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of stock, the potential incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities or amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets. In the past, our financial results have suffered significantly due to impairment charges of goodwill and other intangible assets related to prior acquisitions. Acquisitions also involve numerous risks which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations or stock price, including:
| • | | difficulties in assimilating the operations, products, technology, information systems and personnel of acquired companies which result in unanticipated costs, delays or allocation of resources; |
| • | | difficulties in acquiring foreign companies, including risks related to integrating operations across different cultures and languages, currency risks and the particular economic, political and regulatory risks associated with specific countries; |
| • | | the dilutive effect on earnings per share as a result of incurring operating losses and the amortization of acquired intangible assets for the acquired business; |
| • | | diverting management’s attention from other business concerns; |
| • | | impairing relationships with our customers or those of the acquired companies, or breaching a material contract due to the consummation of the acquisition; |
| • | | impairing relationships with our employees or those of the acquired companies; |
| • | | failing to achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions in a timely manner; and |
| • | | adverse outcome of litigation matters assumed in or arising out of the acquisitions. |
The success of the operations of companies and technologies that we have acquired will often depend on the continued efforts of the management and key employees of those acquired companies. Accordingly, we have typically attempted to retain key employees and members of existing management of acquired companies under the overall supervision of our senior management. We have, however, not always been successful in these attempts at retention. Failure to retain key employees of an acquired company may make it more difficult to integrate or manage the business of the acquired company, and may reduce the anticipated benefits of the acquisition by increasing costs, causing delays, or otherwise.
We depend on third parties for content, and the loss of access to or increased cost of this content could cause us to reduce our product offerings to customers and could negatively impact our financial results.
We currently create only a relatively small portion of our content. In most cases, we acquire rights to content from numerous third-party content providers, and our future success is highly dependent upon our ability to maintain relationships with these content providers and enter into new relationships with other content providers.
We typically license content under arrangements that require us to pay usage or fixed monthly fees for the use of the content or require us to pay under a revenue-sharing arrangement. Further, our musical composition and other media licenses for the creation of mobile content consisting of ringtones generally require royalty payments on a “most favored nation” basis, which requires us to pay the highest royalty paid to any licensor to all such licensors. In the future, some of our content providers may not give us access to important content or may increase the royalties, fees or percentages that they charge us for their content, which could have a negative impact on our net earnings. If we fail to enter into or maintain satisfactory arrangements with content providers, our ability to provide a variety of products and services to our customers could be severely limited, thus harming our operating results. Additionally, our content license and royalty fees will increase to the extent that our revenues related to such products and services increase and may increase as a percent of revenues as a result of price competition and carrier demand for our products and services and the mix of our product sales.
Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile.
The trading price of our common stock has been highly volatile. Since we began trading on December 15, 1998, our stock price has ranged from $3.70 to $1,385.00 (as adjusted for stock splits). On July 28, 2005, the closing price of our common stock was $23.95. Our stock price could decline or be subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors such as the other risks discussed in this section and the following, among others:
| • | | actual or anticipated variations in quarterly and annual results of operations; |
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| • | | announcements of significant acquisitions, dispositions, changes in material contracts or other business developments by us, our customers, distribution partners or competitors; |
| • | | conditions or trends in the search, directory or mobile data services markets; |
| • | | announcements or publicity relating to litigation and similar matters; |
| • | | announcements of technological innovations, new products or services, or new customer or partner relationships by us or our competitors; |
| • | | changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts; |
| • | | disclosures of any material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting; and |
| • | | the adoption of new regulations or accounting standards, including the new accounting standard that requires us to expense the fair value of our employee stock options beginning in 2006. |
In addition, the stock market in general, and the Nasdaq National Market and the market for Internet and technology company securities in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. These broad market and industry factors and general economic conditions may materially and adversely affect our stock price.
We are subject to legal proceedings that could result in liability and damage our business.
We have been, and expect to continue to be, subject to various legal proceedings and claims. Such proceedings and claims, even if not meritorious, may require the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources, which could materially harm our business. Litigation and legal proceedings are inherently uncertain and we may not prevail in these legal proceedings. If we do not prevail, we could be subject to monetary damages and other remedies that could adversely impact our financial position or operations. We cannot predict whether future claims will be made or the ultimate resolution of any current or future claim. For an expanded discussion of material pending legal proceedings, see Note 7 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our efforts to increase our presence in markets outside the United States may be unsuccessful and could result in losses.
We have limited experience in developing localized versions of our products and services internationally, and we may not be able to successfully execute our business model in these markets. Our success in these markets will be directly linked to the success of relationships with our customers and other third parties.
As the international markets in which we operate continue to grow, competition in these markets will intensify. Local companies may have a substantial competitive advantage because of their greater understanding of and focus on the local markets. Some of our domestic competitors who have more resources than we do may be able to more quickly and comprehensively develop and grow in the international markets International expansion may also require significant financial investment including, among other things, the expense of developing localized products, the costs of acquiring existing foreign companies and the integration of such companies with existing operations, expenditure of resources in developing customer and distribution relationships and the increased costs of supporting remote operations.
Other risks of doing business in international markets include the increased risks and burdens of complying with different legal and regulatory standards, difficulties in managing and staffing foreign operations, limitations on the repatriation of funds and fluctuations of foreign exchange rates, varying levels of Internet technology adoption and infrastructure, and ability to enforce our contracts in foreign jurisdictions. In addition, our success in international expansion could be limited by barriers to international expansion such as tariffs, adverse tax consequences, and technology export controls. If we cannot manage these risks effectively, the costs of doing business in some international markets may be prohibitive or our costs may increase disproportionately to our revenues.
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We have implemented anti-takeover provisions that could make it more difficult to acquire us.
Our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors, even if the transaction would be beneficial to our stockholders. Provisions of our charter documents which could have an anti-takeover effect include:
| • | | the classification of our board of directors into three groups so that directors serve staggered three-year terms, which may make it difficult for a potential acquirer to gain control of our board of directors; |
| • | | the ability to authorize the issuance of shares of undesignated preferred stock without a vote of stockholders; |
| • | | a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent; and |
| • | | limitations on stockholders’ ability to call special stockholder meetings. |
On July 19, 2002, our board of directors adopted a stockholder rights plan, pursuant to which we declared and paid a dividend of one right for each share of common stock held by stockholders of record as of August 9, 2002. Unless redeemed by us prior to the time the rights are exercised, upon the occurrence of certain events, the rights will entitle the holders to receive shares of our preferred stock, or shares of an acquiring entity. The issuance of the rights would make the acquisition of InfoSpace more expensive to the acquirer and could delay or discourage third parties from acquiring InfoSpace without the approval of our board of directors.
Our systems could fail or become unavailable, which could harm our reputation, result in a loss of current and potential customers and cause us to breach existing agreements.
Our success depends, in part, on the performance, reliability and availability of our services. We have data centers in Seattle and Bellevue, Washington; Los Angeles, California; Waltham, Massachusetts; Papendrecht, The Netherlands; and Hamburg, Germany. Although we have completed our disaster and redundancy planning for certain of our business critical systems so that they are now redundant across two physical locations, we have not yet completed our disaster recovery and redundancy planning for others. Our systems and operations could be damaged or interrupted by fire, flood, power loss, telecommunications failure, Internet breakdown, break-in, earthquake or similar events. We would face significant damage as a result of these events, and our business interruption insurance may not be adequate to compensate us for all the losses that may occur. In addition, our systems use sophisticated software that may contain bugs that could interrupt service. For these reasons we may be unable to develop or successfully manage the infrastructure necessary to meet current or future demands for reliability and scalability of our systems.
If the volume of traffic to our products and services increases substantially, we must respond in a timely fashion by expanding our systems, which may entail upgrading our technology and network infrastructure. Due to the number of our customers and the products and application services that we offer, we could experience periodic capacity constraints which may cause temporary unanticipated system disruptions, slower response times and lower levels of customer service. Our business could be harmed if we are unable to accurately project the rate or timing of increases, if any, in the use of our products and application services or expand and upgrade our systems and infrastructure to accommodate these increases in a timely manner.
Furthermore, we have entered into service level agreements with most of our mobile operator customers and certain other customers. These agreements sometimes call for specific system up times and 24/7 support, and include penalties for non-performance. We may be unable to fulfill these commitments, which could subject us to penalties under our agreements, harm our reputation and result in the loss of customers and distributors.
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The security measures we have implemented to secure information we collect and store may be breached, which could cause us to breach existing agreements and expose us to potential investigation and penalties by authorities and potential claims by persons whose information was disclosed.
We take reasonable steps to protect the security, integrity and confidentiality of the information we collect and store but there is no guarantee that inadvertent or unauthorized disclosure will not occur or that third parties will not gain unauthorized access despite our efforts. If such unauthorized disclosure or access does occur, we may be required to notify persons whose information was disclosed or accessed under existing and proposed laws. We also may be subject to claims of breach of contract for such disclosure, investigation and penalties by regulatory authorities and potential claims by persons whose information was disclosed.
If we are unable to retain our key employees, we may not be able to successfully manage our business.
Our business and operations are substantially dependent on the performance of our executive officers and key employees, who are employed on an at-will basis. If we lose the services of one or more of our executive officers or key employees, and are unable to recruit and retain a suitable successor, we may not be able to successfully manage our business or achieve our business objectives.
Unless we are able to hire, retain and motivate highly qualified employees, we will be unable to execute our business strategy.
Our future success depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, retain and motivate highly skilled technical, managerial, sales and marketing, and corporate development personnel. Our services and the industries to which we provide our services are relatively new. Qualified personnel with experience relevant to our business are scarce and competition to recruit them is intense. If we fail to successfully hire and retain a sufficient number of highly qualified employees, we may have difficulties in supporting our customers or expanding our business. Additional realignments of resources or reductions in workforce, or other future operational decisions could create an unstable work environment and may have a negative effect on our ability to retain and motivate employees.
In light of current market and regulatory conditions, the value of stock options granted to employees may cease to provide sufficient incentive to our employees.
Like many technology companies, we use stock options to recruit technology professionals and senior level employees. Our stock options, which typically vest over a four-year period, are one of the means by which we motivate long-term employee performance. Recent changes in accounting treatment of options requiring us to expense the fair value of our employee stock options beginning in 2006 may make it difficult or overly expensive for us to issue stock options to our employees in the future. We also face a significant challenge in retaining our employees if the value of these stock options is either not substantial enough or so substantial that the employees leave after their stock options have vested. If our stock price does not increase significantly above the prices of our options, or option programs become impracticable, we may in the future need to issue new options or equity incentives or increase other forms of compensation to motivate and retain our employees. We may undertake or seek stockholder approval to undertake programs to retain our employees, which may be viewed as dilutive to our stockholders or may increase our compensation costs.
We may be subject to liability for our use or distribution of information that we receive from third parties.
We obtain content and commerce information from third parties. When we integrate and distribute this information, we may be liable for the data that is contained in that content. This could subject us to legal liability for such things as defamation, negligence, intellectual property infringement, violation of privacy or publicity rights and product or service liability, among others. Laws or regulations of certain jurisdictions may also deem some content illegal, which may expose us to legal liability as well. Many of the agreements by which we obtain content do not contain indemnity provisions in favor of us. Even if a given contract does contain indemnity provisions, these provisions may not cover a particular claim or type of claim or the party giving the indemnity may not have the financial resources to cover the claim. Our insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover fully the amounts or types of claims that might be made against us. Any liability that we incur as a result of content we receive from third parties could harm our financial results.
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We also gather personal information from users in order to provide personalized services. Gathering and processing this personal information may subject us to legal liability for, among other things, negligence, defamation, invasion of privacy, or product or service liability. We are also subject to laws and regulations, both in the United States and abroad, regarding the collection and use of end user information. If we do not comply with these laws and regulations, we may be exposed to legal liability.
If others claim that our products infringe their intellectual property rights, we may be forced to seek expensive licenses, reengineer our products, engage in expensive and time-consuming litigation or stop marketing and licensing our products.
We attempt to avoid infringing known proprietary rights of third parties in our product development efforts. However, we do not regularly conduct patent searches to determine whether the technology used in our products infringes patents held by third parties. Patent searches generally return only a fraction of the issued patents that may be deemed relevant to a particular product or service. It is therefore nearly impossible to determine, with any level of certainty, whether a particular product or service may be construed as infringing a U.S. or foreign patent. Because patent applications in the United States are not publicly disclosed until the patent is issued, applications may have been filed by third parties that relate to our products. In addition, other companies, as well as research and academic institutions, have conducted research for many years in the search and directory and mobile and wireless technology fields, and this research could lead to the filing of further patent applications.
In addition to patent claims, third parties may make claims against us alleging infringement of copyrights, trademark rights, trade secret rights or other proprietary rights, or alleging unfair competition or violations of privacy or publicity rights.
If we were to discover that our products violated or potentially violated third-party proprietary rights, we might be required to obtain licenses that are costly or contain terms unfavorable to us, or expend substantial resources to reengineer those products so that they would not violate such third party rights. Any reengineering effort may not be successful, and we cannot be certain that any such licenses would be available on commercially reasonable terms. Any third-party infringement claims against us could result in costly litigation and be time consuming to defend, divert management’s attention and resources, cause product and service delays or require us to enter into royalty and licensing agreements.
Our Search & Directory products and services may expose us to claims relating to how the content was obtained or distributed.
Our Search & Directory services link users, either directly through our Web sites or indirectly through the Web properties of our distribution partners, to third party Web pages and content in response to search queries. These services could expose us to legal liability from claims relating to such third-party content and sites, the manner in which these services are distributed by us or our distribution partners, or how the content provided by our third-party content providers was obtained or provided by our content providers. Such claims could include: infringement of copyright, trademark, trade secret or other proprietary rights; violation of privacy and publicity rights; unfair competition; defamation; providing false or misleading information; obscenity; and illegal gambling. Regardless of the legal merits of any such claims, they could result in costly litigation, be time consuming to defend and divert management’s attention and resources. If there was a determination that we had violated third-party rights or applicable law, we could incur substantial monetary liability, be required to enter into costly royalty or licensing arrangements (if available), or be required to change our business practices. Implementing measures to reduce our exposure to such claims could require us to expend substantial resources and limit the attractiveness of our products and services to our customers. As a result, these claims could result in material harm to our business.
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Recently, there have been legal actions brought or threatened against distributors of downloadable applications deemed to be “adware” or “spyware.” Additionally, certain bills are pending and some laws have been passed in certain jurisdictions setting forth requirements that must be met before a downloadable application is downloaded to an end-user’s computer. We partner with some distribution partners that provide adware to their users if the partners adhere to our strict guidelines requiring them, among other things, to disclose to the user what the adware does and to obtain the consent of the user before the application is downloaded. The adware must also be easy to uninstall. We also review the application the partner proposes to use before we distribute our results to them. We also have the right to audit our partners, and if we find that they are not following our guidelines, we can terminate our agreement with them or cease providing content to the problematic downloadable application. In past instances where we have found that a partner is not in compliance, the partner has remedied the problem. However, recently, some partners have not been able to meet the new guidelines imposed by us or some of our content providers and we no longer provide the applicable content or any content, as the case may be, to such partners or certain of their downloadable applications. We continue to work very closely with some of our major content providers to try to identify potential distribution partners that do not meet our guidelines and we work with our existing distribution partners to ensure they continue to deliver quality traffic. If many current and future distribution partners are unable to meet the requirements and guidelines promulgated by our content providers or by law, we may not be able to continue to provide certain or any content to these partners which could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
If we fail to detect invalid click activity, we could lose the confidence of advertisers and of our content providers, which would cause our business to suffer.
Most of our revenues from our Search & Directory business are based on the number of paid “clicks” on commercial search results served on our branded Web sites or our distribution partners’ Web properties. Generally, each time a user clicks on a commercial search result, the content provider that provided the commercial search result receives a fee from the advertiser who paid for such commercial click and the content provider pays us a portion of that fee. If the click originated from one of our distribution partners’ Web properties, we share a portion of the fee we receive with such partner. This model exposes us to the risk of invalid click activity, such as occurs when a person or automated click generation program clicks on a commercial search result to generate fees for the Web property displaying the commercial search result rather than to view the Web page underlying the commercial search result or by a competitor of the advertiser to increase the advertising expense of the advertiser. When such invalid click activity is detected, content providers may refund the fee paid by the advertiser for such invalid clicks. When such invalid click activity is detected as coming from one of our distribution partners or our branded Web sites, our content providers may refund the fees paid by the advertisers for such invalid clicks, which in turn reduces the amount of fees the content provider pays us. If we or our content providers are unable to effectively detect and stop invalid click activity, advertisers may see a reduced return on their advertising investment with the content provider because such invalid clicks will not lead to potential revenue for such advertisers, which could lead such advertisers to reduce or terminate their investment in such ads. This could lead to a loss of advertisers and revenue to our content providers and consequently to fewer fees paid to us. Additionally, if we are unable to effectively detect and stop invalid click activity that may originate from our branded Web sites or the Web properties of our distribution partners, our content providers may impose restrictions on our ability to provide their commercial search results on our branded Web sites or to our current and future distribution partners, which could have a materially negative impact on our financial results. Although we and our content providers have in place certain systems to assist with the detection of invalid clicks, these systems may not detect all such invalid click activity.
We rely heavily on our technology, but we may be unable to adequately or cost-effectively protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, thus weakening our competitive position and negatively impacting our financial results.
To protect our rights in our products and technology, we rely on a combination of copyright and trademark laws, patents, trade secrets, and confidentiality agreements with employees and third parties and protective contractual provisions. We also rely on the law pertaining to trademarks and domain names to protect the value of our corporate brands and reputation. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may copy aspects of our products or services or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary, or infringe our trademarks. In addition, it is possible that others could independently develop substantially equivalent intellectual property. If we do not effectively protect our intellectual property, we could lose our competitive position.
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Effectively policing the unauthorized use of our products and trademarks is time-consuming and costly, and there can be no assurance that the steps taken by us will prevent misappropriation of our technology or trademarks. Our intellectual property may be subject to even greater risk in foreign jurisdictions, as protection is not sought or obtained in every country in which our services are available. Also, the laws of many countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. If we cannot adequately protect our intellectual property, our competitive position in markets abroad may suffer.
RISKS RELATED TO THE INDUSTRIES IN WHICH WE OPERATE
Intense competition in the search, directory and wireless markets could prevent us from increasing distribution of our services in those markets or cause us to lose market share.
Our current business model depends on distribution of our products and services into the search and directory and wireless markets, which are extremely competitive and rapidly changing. Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources, larger customer bases, longer operating histories, more developed infrastructures, greater name recognition or more established relationships in the industry than we have. Our competitors may be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies, develop and expand their service offerings more rapidly, adapt to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements more quickly, take advantage of acquisitions and other opportunities more readily, achieve greater economies of scale, and devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their services than we can. Because of these competitive factors and due to our relatively small size and financial resources, we may be unable to compete successfully.
Some of the companies we compete with are currently customers of ours, the loss of which could harm our business. Many of our customers have established relationships with some of our competitors. If these competitors develop products and services that compete with ours, we could lose market share and our revenues could decrease.
Consolidation in the industries in which we operate could lead to increased competition and loss of customers.
The Internet industry (including the search and directory segments) and the wireless industry have experienced substantial consolidation. We expect this consolidation to continue. These acquisitions could adversely affect our business and results of operations in a number of ways, including the following:
| • | | our customers or distribution partners could acquire or be acquired by one of our competitors and terminate their relationship with us; |
| • | | our customers or distribution partners could merge with other customers, which could reduce the size of our customer or partner base and potentially reduce our ability to negotiate favorable terms; |
| • | | competitors could improve their competitive positions through strategic acquisitions; and |
| • | | companies from whom we acquire content could acquire or be acquired by one of our competitors and stop licensing content to us, or gain additional negotiating leverage in their relationships with us. |
Security breaches may pose risks to the uninterrupted operation of our systems.
Our networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access by hackers or others, computer viruses and other disruptive problems. Someone who is able to circumvent security measures could misappropriate our proprietary information or cause interruptions in our operations. Subscribers to some of our services are required to provide information in order to utilize the service that may be considered to be personally identifiable or private information. Unauthorized access to, and abuse of, this information could subject us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability.
We may need to expend significant capital or other resources protecting against the threat of security breaches or alleviating problems caused by breaches. Although we intend to continue to implement and improve our security measures, persons may be able to circumvent the measures that we implement in the future. Eliminating computer viruses and alleviating other security problems may require interruptions, delays or cessation of service to users accessing our services, any of which could harm our business.
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Governmental regulation and the application of existing laws may slow business growth, increase our costs of doing business and create potential liability.
The growth and development of the Internet and wireless communication has led to new laws and regulations, as well as the application of existing laws to the Internet and wireless communications. Application of these laws can be unclear. The costs of complying or failure to comply with these laws and regulations could limit our ability to operate in our markets, expose us to compliance costs and substantial liability and result in costly and time-consuming litigation.
Several federal or state laws, including the following, could have an impact on our business. Recent federal laws include those designed to restrict the on-line distribution of certain materials deemed harmful to children and impose additional restrictions or obligations for on-line services when dealing with minors. Such legislation may impose significant additional costs on our business or subject us to additional liabilities. The application to advertising in our industries of existing laws regulating or requiring licenses for certain businesses can be unclear. Such regulated businesses may include, for example, gambling; distribution of pharmaceuticals, alcohol, tobacco or firearms; or insurance, securities brokerage and legal services. Additionally, certain bills are pending and some laws have been passed in certain jurisdictions setting forth requirements that must be met before a downloadable application is downloaded to an end-user’s computer.
We post our privacy policies and practices concerning the use and disclosure of user data. Any failure by us to comply with our posted privacy policies, FTC requirements or other privacy-related laws and regulations could result in proceedings by the FTC or others which could potentially have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In this regard, there are a large number of legislative proposals before the United States Congress and various state legislative bodies regarding privacy issues related to our business. It is not possible to predict whether or when such legislation may be adopted, and certain proposals, if adopted, could materially and adversely affect our business through a decrease in user registrations and revenues. This could be caused by, among other possible provisions, the required use of disclaimers or other requirements before users can utilize our services.
The FTC has recommended to search engine providers that paid-ranking search results be delineated from non-paid results. To the extent that the FTC may in the future issue specific requirements regarding the nature of such delineation, which would require modifications to the presentation of search results, revenue from the affected search engines could be negatively impacted.
Due to the nature of the Internet, it is possible that the governments of states and foreign countries might attempt to regulate Internet transmissions or prosecute us for violations of their laws. We might unintentionally violate such laws, such laws may be modified and new laws may be enacted in the future. Any such developments (or developments stemming from enactment or modification of other laws) could increase the costs of regulatory compliance for us or force us to change our business practices.
We rely on the Internet infrastructure, over which we have no control and the failure of which could substantially undermine our operations.
Our success depends, in large part, on other companies maintaining the Internet system infrastructure. In particular, we rely on other companies to maintain a reliable network backbone that provides adequate speed, data capacity and security and to develop products that enable reliable Internet access and services. As the Internet continues to experience growth in the number of users, frequency of use and amount of data transmitted, the Internet system infrastructure may be unable to support the demands placed on it, and the Internet’s performance or reliability may suffer as a result of this continued growth. Some of the companies that we rely upon to maintain the network infrastructure may lack sufficient capital to support their long-term operations.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Our market risks at June 30, 2005 have not changed significantly from those discussed in Item 7A of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See also Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of Item 2 of Part I of this Form 10-Q for additional discussions of our market risks.
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
(a)Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
(b)Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.—Legal Proceedings
See the litigation disclosure under the subheading “—Litigation” in Note 7 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 2.—Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
InfoSpace, Inc. has a stock repurchase plan that authorizes us to purchase up to $100 million of our common stock in open-market transactions through May 12, 2006. The following are details of repurchases under this plan for the period covered by this report:
| | | | | | | | | | |
Period
| | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
| | Average Price Paid per Share
| | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan
| | Maximum Dollar Value that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan
|
May 13, 2005 through May 31, 2005 | | 211,802 | | $ | 32.45 | | 211,802 | | $ | 93,127,546 |
June 1, 2005 through June 30, 2005 | | 124,200 | | $ | 33.86 | | 124,200 | | $ | 88,922,030 |
| |
| |
|
| |
| | | |
Total | | 336,002 | | $ | 32.97 | | 336,002 | | | |
| |
| |
|
| |
| | | |
(1) | On May 13, 2005, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase plan that authorizes us to purchase up to $100 million of our common stock in open-market transactions through May 12, 2006. The plan was announced on May 16, 2005. Repurchased shares will be retired and resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of common stock. Our Board of Directors also authorized that the stock purchases may be made pursuant to a plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We instituted a 10b5-1 plan to allow us to repurchase shares during a period when we would normally not be active in the market due to our internal trading blackout periods and some of the stock purchases in June and July occurred under such plan. |
Item 3.—Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable with respect to the current reporting period.
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Item 4.—Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
At our annual meeting of stockholders held on May 9, 2005, the following proposals were adopted by the margin indicated:
1. To elect two Class III directors to serve for the ensuing class term and until their successors are duly elected.
| | | | |
Nominee
| | Shares Voted For
| | Votes Withheld
|
George M. Tronsrue, III | | 27,363,055 | | 2,118,014 |
Vanessa A. Wittman | | 28,769,658 | | 711,411 |
2. To ratify the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as independent registered public accounting firm for InfoSpace for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2005:
| | |
| | Shares Voted
|
For | | 28,728,795 |
Against | | 733,010 |
Abstain | | 19,264 |
Item 5.—Other Information
Not applicable with respect to the current reporting period.
Item 6.—Exhibits
Exhibits
| | |
| |
31.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
31.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
INFOSPACE, INC. |
| |
By | | /s/ David E. Rostov |
| | David E. Rostov |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Principal Financial Officer) |
Dated: August 2, 2005
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
| | |
| |
31.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
31.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |