Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses | 8. Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses The Company and its subsidiaries apply ASC 310 (“Receivables”), which requires an entity to provide the following information disaggregated by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable. Allowance for credit losses—by portfolio segment Credit quality of financing receivables—by class • Impaired loans • Credit quality indicators • Non-accrual and past-due financing receivables Information about troubled debt restructurings—by class A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for credit losses. The Company and its subsidiaries classify our portfolio segments by instruments of loans and direct financing leases. Classes of financing receivables are determined based on the initial measurement attribute, risk characteristics of the financing receivables and the method for monitoring and assessing obligors’ credit risk, and are defined as the level of detail necessary for a financial statement user to understand the risks inherent in the financing receivables. Classes of financing receivables generally are a disaggregation of a portfolio segment, and the Company and its subsidiaries disaggregate our portfolio segments into classes by regions, instruments or industries of our debtors. The following table provides information about the allowance for credit losses for fiscal 2014, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2014 Millions of yen Loans Direct financing leases Total Consumer Corporate Purchased loans*1 Non-recourse loans Other Allowance for Credit Losses: Beginning balance ¥ 14,526 ¥ 16,717 ¥ 41,875 ¥ 15,316 ¥ 15,830 ¥ 104,264 Provision 4,437 2,381 837 2,532 3,651 13,838 Charge-offs (5,786 ) (3,590 ) (11,807 ) (3,921 ) (4,421 ) (29,525 ) Recoveries 290 140 798 111 70 1,409 Other*2 6 (6,601 ) 1,041 110 254 (5,190 ) Ending balance ¥ 13,473 ¥ 9,047 ¥ 32,744 ¥ 14,148 ¥ 15,384 ¥ 84,796 Individually evaluated for impairment 3,279 8,534 25,054 12,288 0 49,155 Not individually evaluated for impairment 10,194 513 7,690 1,860 15,384 35,641 Financing receivables: Ending balance ¥ 1,236,414 ¥ 174,204 ¥ 837,329 ¥ 53,341 ¥ 1,094,073 ¥ 3,395,361 Individually evaluated for impairment 11,796 24,902 76,051 23,075 0 135,824 Not individually evaluated for impairment 1,224,618 149,302 761,278 30,266 1,094,073 3,259,537 March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Loans Direct financing leases Total Consumer Corporate Purchased loans*1 Non-recourse loans Other Allowance for Credit Losses: Beginning balance ¥ 13,473 ¥ 9,047 ¥ 32,744 ¥ 14,148 ¥ 15,384 ¥ 84,796 Provision (Reversal) 5,456 (1,080 ) 4,800 (690 ) 3,145 11,631 Charge-offs (7,189 ) (53 ) (13,247 ) (3,390 ) (3,832 ) (27,711 ) Recoveries 835 0 593 432 58 1,918 Other*3 10 234 782 217 449 1,692 Ending balance ¥ 12,585 ¥ 8,148 ¥ 25,672 ¥ 10,717 ¥ 15,204 ¥ 72,326 Individually evaluated for impairment 2,606 7,751 15,541 8,481 0 34,379 Not individually evaluated for impairment 9,979 397 10,131 2,236 15,204 37,947 Financing receivables: Ending balance ¥ 1,330,353 ¥ 124,768 ¥ 965,028 ¥ 42,292 ¥ 1,216,454 ¥ 3,678,895 Individually evaluated for impairment 11,993 22,032 51,793 15,216 0 101,034 Not individually evaluated for impairment 1,318,360 102,736 913,235 27,076 1,216,454 3,577,861 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Loans Direct financing leases Total Consumer Corporate Purchased loans*1 Non-recourse loans Other Allowance for Credit Losses: Beginning Balance ¥ 12,585 ¥ 8,148 ¥ 25,672 ¥ 10,717 ¥ 15,204 ¥ 72,326 Provision (Reversal) 7,367 (491 ) 3,362 (1,308 ) 2,787 11,717 Charge-offs (7,572 ) (504 ) (5,298 ) (1,236 ) (4,075 ) (18,685 ) Recoveries 543 0 393 232 13 1,181 Other*4 344 (5,353 ) (738 ) (172 ) (549 ) (6,468 ) Ending Balance ¥ 13,267 ¥ 1,800 ¥ 23,391 ¥ 8,233 ¥ 13,380 ¥ 60,071 Individually Evaluated for Impairment 2,770 1,323 12,552 5,888 0 22,533 Not Individually Evaluated for Impairment 10,497 477 10,839 2,345 13,380 37,538 Financing receivables: Ending Balance ¥ 1,461,982 ¥ 81,211 ¥ 996,649 ¥ 30,524 ¥ 1,190,136 ¥ 3,760,502 Individually Evaluated for Impairment 14,101 11,057 37,422 11,013 0 73,593 Not Individually Evaluated for Impairment 1,447,881 70,154 959,227 19,511 1,190,136 3,686,909 *1 Purchased loans represent loans with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable at acquisition that collection of all contractually required payments from the debtors is unlikely in accordance with ASC 310-30 (“Receivables—Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality”). *2 Other mainly includes foreign currency translation adjustments and decrease in allowance related to newly consolidated subsidiaries. Additionally, other in non-recourse loans includes a decrease of ¥6,562 million due to the sale of controlling class interests of a certain VIE, which was formerly consolidated, to a third party and resulting in deconsolidation of that VIE. *3 Other mainly includes foreign currency translation adjustments and decrease in allowance related to newly consolidated subsidiaries. *4 Other mainly includes foreign currency translation adjustments and decrease in allowance related to newly consolidated subsidiaries. Additionally, other in non-recourse loans includes a decrease of ¥5,265 million due to the sale of controlling class interests of a certain VIE, which was formerly consolidated, to a third party and resulting in deconsolidation of that VIE. *5 Loans held for sale are not included in the table above. In developing the allowance for credit losses, the Company and its subsidiaries consider, among other things, the following factors: • business characteristics and financial conditions of obligors; • current economic conditions and trends; • prior charge-off experience; • current delinquencies and delinquency trends; and • value of underlying collateral and guarantees. The Company and its subsidiaries individually develop the allowance for credit losses for impaired loans. For non-impaired loans, including loans that are not individually evaluated for impairment, and direct financing leases, the Company and its subsidiaries evaluate prior charge-off experience as segmented by debtor’s industry and the purpose of the loans and develop the allowance for credit losses based on such prior charge-off experience as well as current economic conditions. In common with all portfolio segments, a deterioration of debtors’ condition may increase the risk of delay in payments of principal and interest. For loans to consumer borrowers, the amount of the allowance for credit losses is changed by the variation of individual debtors’ creditworthiness and value of underlying collateral and guarantees, and the prior charge-off experience. For loans to corporate other borrowers and direct financing leases, the amount of the allowance for credit losses is changed by current economic conditions and trends, the value of underlying collateral and guarantees, and the prior charge-off experience in addition to the debtors’ creditworthiness. The decline of the value of underlying collateral and guarantees may increase the risk of inability to collect from the loans and direct financing leases. Particularly for non-recourse loans for which cash flow from real estate is the source of repayment, their collection depends on the real estate collateral value, which may decline as a result of decrease in liquidity of the real estate market, rise in vacancy rate of rental properties, fall in rents and other factors. These risks may change the amount of the allowance for credit losses. For purchased loans, their collection may decrease due to a decline in the real estate collateral value and debtors’ creditworthiness. Thus, these risks may change the amount of the allowance for credit losses. In common with all portfolio segments, the Company and its subsidiaries charge off doubtful receivables when the likelihood of any future collection is believed to be minimal, mainly based upon an evaluation of the relevant debtors’ creditworthiness and the liquidation status of collateral. The following table provides information about the impaired loans as of March 31, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2015 Millions of Yen Portfolio segment Class Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded*1: ¥ 18,404 ¥ 18,359 ¥ 0 Consumer borrowers 450 407 0 Housing loans 450 407 0 Card loans 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 Corporate borrowers 17,954 17,952 0 Non-recourse loans Japan 4,975 4,975 0 The Americas 0 0 0 Other Real estate companies 5,167 5,167 0 Entertainment companies 892 892 0 Other 6,920 6,918 0 Purchased loans 0 0 0 With an allowance recorded*2: 82,630 79,418 34,379 Consumer borrowers 11,543 9,737 2,606 Housing loans 4,907 3,118 1,689 Card loans 3,741 3,731 566 Other 2,895 2,888 351 Corporate borrowers 55,871 54,465 23,292 Non-recourse loans Japan 310 310 64 The Americas 16,747 16,747 7,687 Other Real estate companies 15,940 15,708 5,099 Entertainment companies 3,580 3,548 1,429 Other 19,294 18,152 9,013 Purchased loans 15,216 15,216 8,481 Total: ¥ 101,034 ¥ 97,777 ¥ 34,379 Consumer borrowers 11,993 10,144 2,606 Housing loans 5,357 3,525 1,689 Card loans 3,741 3,731 566 Other 2,895 2,888 351 Corporate borrowers 73,825 72,417 23,292 Non-recourse loans Japan 5,285 5,285 64 The Americas 16,747 16,747 7,687 Other Real estate companies 21,107 20,875 5,099 Entertainment companies 4,472 4,440 1,429 Other 26,214 25,070 9,013 Purchased loans 15,216 15,216 8,481 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded*1: ¥ 14,601 ¥ 14,498 ¥ 0 Consumer borrowers 931 852 0 Housing loans 931 852 0 Card loans 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 Corporate borrowers 13,670 13,646 0 Non-recourse loans Japan 4,776 4,776 0 The Americas 0 0 0 Other Real estate companies 0 0 0 Entertainment companies 211 211 0 Other 8,683 8,659 0 Purchased loans 0 0 0 With an allowance recorded*2: 58,992 57,758 22,533 Consumer borrowers 13,170 12,628 2,770 Housing loans 3,580 3,058 1,401 Card loans 4,123 4,113 590 Other 5,467 5,457 779 Corporate borrowers 34,809 34,117 13,875 Non-recourse loans Japan 292 292 72 The Americas 5,989 5,988 1,251 Other Real estate companies 8,612 8,480 2,140 Entertainment companies 2,218 2,209 840 Other 17,698 17,148 9,572 Purchased loans 11,013 11,013 5,888 Total: ¥ 73,593 ¥ 72,256 ¥ 22,533 Consumer borrowers 14,101 13,480 2,770 Housing loans 4,511 3,910 1,401 Card loans 4,123 4,113 590 Other 5,467 5,457 779 Corporate borrowers 48,479 47,763 13,875 Non-recourse loans Japan 5,068 5,068 72 The Americas 5,989 5,988 1,251 Other Real estate companies 8,612 8,480 2,140 Entertainment companies 2,429 2,420 840 Other 26,381 25,807 9,572 Purchased loans 11,013 11,013 5,888 *1 “With no related allowance recorded” represents impaired loans with no allowance for credit losses as all amounts are considered to be collectible. *2 “With an allowance recorded” represents impaired loans with the allowance for credit losses as all or a part of the amounts are not considered to be collectible. The Company and its subsidiaries recognize installment loans other than purchased loans and loans to consumer borrowers as impaired loans when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more, or it is probable that the Company and its subsidiaries will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements due to various debtor conditions, including insolvency filings, suspension of bank transactions, dishonored bills and deterioration of businesses. For non-recourse loans, in addition to these conditions, the Company and its subsidiaries perform an impairment review using financial covenants, acceleration clauses, loan-to-value ratios, and other relevant available information. For purchased loans, the Company and its subsidiaries recognize them as impaired loans when it is probable that the Company and its subsidiaries will be unable to collect book values of the remaining investment due to factors such as a decline in the real estate collateral value and debtors’ creditworthiness since the acquisition of these loans. The Company and its subsidiaries consider that loans to consumer borrowers, including housing loans, card loans and other, are impaired when terms of these loans are modified as troubled debt restructurings. Interest payments received on impaired loans other than purchased loans are recorded as interest income unless the collection of the remaining investment is doubtful at which time payments received are recorded as reductions of principal. For purchased loans, although the acquired assets may remain loans in legal form, collections on these loans often do not reflect the normal historical experience of collecting delinquent accounts, and the need to tailor individual collateral-realization strategies often makes it difficult to reliably estimate the amount, timing, or nature of collections. Accordingly, the Company and its subsidiaries use the cost recovery method of income recognition for such purchased loans regardless of whether impairment is recognized or not. In common with all classes, impaired loans are individually evaluated for a valuation allowance based on the present value of expected future cash flows, the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral securing the loans if the loans are collateral-dependent. For non-recourse loans, in principle, the estimated collectible amount is determined based on the fair value of the collateral securing the loans as they are collateral-dependent. Further for certain non-recourse loans, the estimated collectible amount is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows. The fair value of the real estate collateral securing the loans is determined using appraisals prepared by independent third-party appraisers or our own staff of qualified appraisers based on recent transactions involving sales of similar assets or other valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows methodologies using future cash flows estimated to be generated from operation of the existing assets or completion of development projects, as appropriate. We generally obtain a new appraisal once a fiscal year. In addition, we periodically monitor circumstances of the real estate collateral and then obtain a new appraisal in situations involving a significant change in economic and/or physical conditions which may materially affect its fair value. For impaired purchased loans, the Company and its subsidiaries develop the allowance for credit losses based on the difference between the book value and the estimated collectible amount of such loans. The following table provides information about the average recorded investments in impaired loans and interest income on impaired loans for fiscal 2014, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2014 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Average Recorded Investments in Impaired Loans* Interest Income on Impaired Loans Interest on Impaired Loans Collected in Cash Consumer borrowers ¥ 11,445 ¥ 295 ¥ 230 Housing loans 8,004 231 178 Card loans 2,453 38 31 Other 988 26 21 Corporate borrowers 134,927 4,146 3,449 Non-recourse loans Japan 15,897 234 219 The Americas 23,119 667 667 Other Real estate companies 38,733 1,154 990 Entertainment companies 10,277 509 343 Other 46,901 1,582 1,230 Purchased loans 25,588 0 0 Total ¥ 171,960 ¥ 4,441 ¥ 3,679 March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Average Recorded Investments in Impaired Loans* Interest Income on Impaired Loans Interest on Impaired Loans Collected in Cash Consumer borrowers ¥ 11,822 ¥ 376 ¥ 273 Housing loans 6,286 268 180 Card loans 3,368 60 51 Other 2,168 48 42 Corporate borrowers 82,986 2,005 1,648 Non-recourse loans Japan 5,975 10 10 The Americas 15,657 502 502 Other Real estate companies 22,009 417 355 Entertainment companies 5,951 202 149 Other 33,394 874 632 Purchased loans 18,736 0 0 Total ¥ 113,544 ¥ 2,381 ¥ 1,921 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Average Recorded Investments in Impaired Loans* Interest Income on Impaired Loans Interest on Impaired Loans Collected in Cash Consumer borrowers ¥ 13,215 ¥ 317 ¥ 269 Housing loans 5,090 176 148 Card loans 3,970 69 59 Other 4,155 72 62 Corporate borrowers 58,138 974 947 Non-recourse loans Japan 5,117 7 7 The Americas 11,759 275 275 Other Real estate companies 13,843 210 198 Entertainment companies 3,505 102 99 Other 23,914 380 368 Purchased loans 12,864 0 0 Total ¥ 84,217 ¥ 1,291 ¥ 1,216 * Average balances are calculated on the basis of fiscal beginning and quarter-end balances. The following table provides information about the credit quality indicators as of March 31, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Non-performing Portfolio segment Class Performing Loans individually evaluated for impairment 90+ days past-due loans not individually evaluated for impairment Subtotal Total Consumer borrowers ¥ 1,311,725 ¥ 11,993 ¥ 6,635 ¥ 18,628 ¥ 1,330,353 Housing loans 1,050,531 5,357 3,898 9,255 1,059,786 Card loans 238,660 3,741 824 4,565 243,225 Other 22,534 2,895 1,913 4,808 27,342 Corporate borrowers 1,015,971 73,825 0 73,825 1,089,796 Non-recourse loans Japan 36,250 5,285 0 5,285 41,535 The Americas 66,486 16,747 0 16,747 83,233 Other Real estate companies 235,493 21,107 0 21,107 256,600 Entertainment companies 101,701 4,472 0 4,472 106,173 Other 576,041 26,214 0 26,214 602,255 Purchased loans 27,076 15,216 0 15,216 42,292 Direct financing leases 1,201,081 0 15,373 15,373 1,216,454 Japan 819,592 0 10,293 10,293 829,885 Overseas 381,489 0 5,080 5,080 386,569 Total ¥ 3,555,853 ¥ 101,034 ¥ 22,008 ¥ 123,042 ¥ 3,678,895 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Non-performing Portfolio segment Class Performing Loans individually evaluated for impairment 90+ days past-due loans not individually evaluated for impairment Subtotal Total Consumer ¥ 1,439,703 ¥ 14,101 ¥ 8,178 ¥ 22,279 ¥ 1,461,982 Housing loans 1,131,276 4,511 2,267 6,778 1,138,054 Card loans 255,753 4,123 657 4,780 260,533 Other 52,674 5,467 5,254 10,721 63,395 Corporate 1,029,381 48,479 0 48,479 1,077,860 Non-recourse Japan 14,883 5,068 0 5,068 19,951 The Americas 55,271 5,989 0 5,989 61,260 Other Real estate companies 261,558 8,612 0 8,612 270,170 Entertainment companies 98,852 2,429 0 2,429 101,281 Other 598,817 26,381 0 26,381 625,198 Purchased loans 19,511 11,013 0 11,013 30,524 Direct financing leases 1,177,580 0 12,556 12,556 1,190,136 Japan 831,207 0 7,918 7,918 839,125 Overseas 346,373 0 4,638 4,638 351,011 Total ¥ 3,666,175 ¥ 73,593 ¥ 20,734 ¥ 94,327 ¥ 3,760,502 Note: Loans held for sale are not included in the table above. In common with all classes, the Company and its subsidiaries monitor the credit quality indicators as performing and non-performing assets. The category of non-performing assets includes financing receivables for debtors who have filed for insolvency proceedings, whose bank transactions are suspended, whose bills are dishonored, whose businesses have deteriorated, whose repayment is past-due 90 days or more, financing receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings, and performing assets include all other financing receivables. Regarding purchased loans, they are classified as non-performing assets when considered impaired, while all the other loans are included in the category of performing assets. Out of non-performing assets, the Company and its subsidiaries consider smaller balance homogeneous loans, including housing loans, card loans and other, which are not restructured and direct financing leases, as 90 days or more past-due financing receivables not individually evaluated for impairment, and consider the others as loans individually evaluated for impairment. After the Company and its subsidiaries have set aside provision for those non-performing assets, the Company and its subsidiaries continue to monitor at least on a quarterly basis the quality of any underlying collateral, the status of management of the debtors and other important factors in order to report to management and develop additional provision as necessary. The following table provides information about the non-accrual and past-due financing receivables as of March 31, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Past-Due Financing Receivables Portfolio segment Class 30-89 Days Past-Due 90 Days or More Past-Due Total Past-Due Total Financing Receivables Non- Accrual Consumer borrowers ¥ 3,229 ¥ 9,825 ¥ 13,054 ¥ 1,330,353 ¥ 9,825 Housing loans 1,672 6,503 8,175 1,059,786 6,503 Card loans 704 1,202 1,906 243,225 1,202 Other 853 2,120 2,973 27,342 2,120 Corporate borrowers 7,991 33,694 41,685 1,089,796 43,697 Non-recourse loans Japan 0 4,975 4,975 41,535 4,975 The Americas 6,639 9,846 16,485 83,233 14,716 Other Real estate companies 37 8,366 8,403 256,600 8,730 Entertainment companies 0 571 571 106,173 571 Other 1,315 9,936 11,251 602,255 14,705 Direct financing leases 6,142 15,373 21,515 1,216,454 15,373 Japan 1,877 10,293 12,170 829,885 10,293 Overseas 4,265 5,080 9,345 386,569 5,080 Total ¥ 17,362 ¥ 58,892 ¥ 76,254 ¥ 3,636,603 ¥ 68,895 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Past-due financing receivables Portfolio segment Class 30-89 Days Past-Due 90 Days or More Past-Due Total Past-Due Total Financing Receivables Non- accrual Consumer borrowers ¥ 5,002 ¥ 11,348 ¥ 16,350 ¥ 1,461,982 ¥ 11,348 Housing loans 2,283 4,435 6,718 1,138,054 4,435 Card loans 503 1,103 1,606 260,533 1,103 Other 2,216 5,810 8,026 63,395 5,810 Corporate borrowers 3,018 18,944 21,962 1,077,860 31,464 Non-recourse loans Japan 0 4,776 4,776 19,951 4,776 The Americas 2,370 400 2,770 61,260 5,924 Other Real estate companies 44 2,727 2,771 270,170 2,727 Entertainment companies 0 145 145 101,281 145 Other 604 10,896 11,500 625,198 17,892 Direct financing leases 6,457 12,556 19,013 1,190,136 12,556 Japan 500 7,918 8,418 839,125 7,918 Overseas 5,957 4,638 10,595 351,011 4,638 Total ¥ 14,477 ¥ 42,848 ¥ 57,325 ¥ 3,729,978 ¥ 55,368 Note: Loans held for sale and purchased loans are not included in the table above. In common with all classes, the Company and its subsidiaries consider financing receivables as past-due financing receivables when principal or interest is past-due 30 days or more. Loans whose terms have been modified are not classified as past-due financing receivables if the principals and interests are not past-due 30 days or more in accordance with the modified terms. The Company and its subsidiaries suspend accruing revenues on past-due installment loans and direct financing leases when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more, or earlier, if management determines that their collections are doubtful based on factors such as the individual debtor’s creditworthiness, historical loss experience, current delinquencies and delinquency trends. Cash repayments received on non-accrual loans are applied first against past due interest and then any surpluses are applied to principal in view of the conditions of the contract and obligors. The Company and its subsidiaries return to accrual status non-accrual loans and lease receivables when it becomes probable that the Company and its subsidiaries will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of these loans and lease receivables, as evidenced by continual payments from the debtors. The period of such continual payments before returning to accrual status varies depending on factors that we consider are relevant in assessing the debtor’s creditworthiness, such as the debtor’s business characteristics and financial conditions as well as relevant economic conditions and trends. The following table provides information about troubled debt restructurings of financing receivables that occurred during fiscal 2014, 2015 and 2016: March 31, 2014 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥ 3,899 ¥ 2,586 Housing loans 724 334 Card loans 1,898 1,391 Other 1,277 861 Corporate borrowers 14,135 11,097 Non-recourse loans Japan 4,745 2,608 The Americas 4,809 4,723 Other Real estate companies 328 276 Entertainment companies 779 509 Other 3,474 2,981 Total ¥ 18,034 ¥ 13,683 March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥ 5,504 ¥ 4,061 Housing loans 483 263 Card loans 2,566 2,018 Other 2,455 1,780 Corporate borrowers 946 891 Non-recourse loans The Americas 145 145 Other Other 801 746 Total ¥ 6,450 ¥ 4,952 March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥6,436 ¥4,890 Housing loans 71 23 Card loans 2,405 1,910 Other 3,960 2,957 Corporate borrowers 584 582 Non-recourse loans The Americas 575 575 Other Other 9 7 Total ¥7,020 ¥5,472 A troubled debt restructuring is defined as a restructuring of a financing receivable in which the creditor grants a concession to the debtor for economic or other reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties. The Company and its subsidiaries offer various types of concessions to our debtors to protect as much of our investment as possible in troubled debt restructurings. For the debtors of non-recourse loans, the Company and its subsidiaries offer concessions including an extension of the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for a debt with similar risk characteristics. For the debtors of all financing receivables other than non-recourse loans, the Company and its subsidiaries offer concessions such as a reduction of the loan principal, a temporary reduction in the interest payments, or an extension of the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for a debt with similar risk characteristics. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries may acquire collateral assets from the debtors in troubled debt restructurings to satisfy fully or partially the loan principal or past due interest. In common with all portfolio segments, financing receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings are recognized as impaired and are individually evaluated for a valuation allowance. In most cases, these financing receivables have already been considered impaired and individually evaluated for allowance for credit losses prior to the restructurings. However, as a result of the restructuring, the Company and its subsidiaries may recognize additional provision for the restructured receivables. The following table provides information about financing receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2014 and for which there was a payment default during fiscal 2014: March 31, 2014 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥ 57 Housing loans 18 Card loans 31 Other 8 Corporate borrowers 565 Non-recourse loans The Americas 497 Other Real estate companies 42 Other 26 Total ¥ 622 The following table provides information about financing receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2015 and for which there was a payment default during fiscal 2015: March 31, 2015 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥ 122 Housing loans 27 Card loans 62 Other 33 Corporate borrowers 330 Other Other 330 Total ¥ 452 The following table provides information about financing receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2016 and for which there was a payment default during fiscal 2016: March 31, 2016 Millions of yen Portfolio segment Class Recorded Investment Consumer borrowers ¥ 68 Card loans 45 Other 23 Total ¥ 68 The Company and its subsidiaries consider financing receivables whose terms have been modified in a restructuring as defaulted receivables when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more in accordance with the modified terms. In common with all portfolio segments, the Company and its subsidiaries suspend accruing revenues and may recognize additional provision as necessary for the defaulted financing receivables. In January 2014, Accounting Standards Update 2014-04(“Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure” —ASC 310-40(“Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors”)) was issued. This Update clarifies when a creditor is considered to have received physical possession resulting from an in substance repossession or foreclosure or residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan. Additionally, this Update requires an entity to disclose the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property and the recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure. The Company and its subsidiaries adopted this Update on April 1, 2015. As of March 31, 2016, there was no amount of foreclosed residential real estate property based on this Update. The carrying amounts of installment loans in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure is ¥601 million as of March 31, 2016. |