Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | (5) Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Loan segments and classes at September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022 are summarized as follows: (In thousands) September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 Residential real estate: Residential real estate $ 368,142 $ 360,824 Residential construction and land 18,226 15,298 Multi-family 67,088 63,822 Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate 677,622 595,635 Commercial construction 81,599 83,748 Consumer loan: Home equity 19,520 17,877 Consumer installment 4,546 4,512 Commercial loans 113,186 110,271 Total gross loans 1,349,929 1,251,987 Allowance for loan losses (22,147 ) (22,761 ) Deferred fees and cost, net 69 129 Loans receivable, net $ 1,327,851 $ 1,229,355 Management closely monitors the quality of the loan portfolio and has established a loan review process designed to help grade the quality and profitability of the Company’s loan portfolio. The credit quality grade helps management make a consistent assessment of each loan relationship’s credit risk. Consistent with regulatory guidelines, the Company provides for the classification of loans considered being of lesser quality. Such ratings coincide with the “Substandard,” “Doubtful” and “Loss” classifications used by federal regulators in their examination of financial institutions. Generally, an asset is considered Substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors and/or the collateral pledged. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the insured financial institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in assets classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as Loss are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a full loss reserve and/or charge-off is not warranted. Assets that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but otherwise possess weaknesses are designated “Special Mention.” When the Company classifies problem assets as either Substandard or Doubtful, it generally establishes a specific valuation allowance or “loss reserve” in an amount deemed prudent by management. General allowances represent loss allowances that have been established to recognize the inherent risk associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular loans. When the Company identifies problem loans as being impaired, it is required to evaluate whether the Company will be able to collect all amounts due either through repayments or the liquidation of the underlying collateral. If it is determined that impairment exists, the Company is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to the amount of impairment of the assets, or to charge-off such amount. The Company’s determination as to the classification of its loans and the amount of its valuation allowance is subject to review by its regulatory agencies, which can order the establishment of additional general or specific loss allowances. The Company reviews its portfolio quarterly to determine whether any assets require classification in accordance with applicable regulations. The Company primarily has four segments within its loan portfolio that it considers when measuring credit quality: residential real estate loans, commercial real estate loans, consumer loans and commercial loans. The residential real estate portfolio consists of residential, construction, and multi-family loan classes. Commercial real estate loans consist of commercial real estate and commercial construction loan classes. Consumer loans consist of home equity loan and consumer installment loan classes. The inherent risk within the loan portfolio varies depending upon each of these loan types. Residential mortgage loans, including home equity loans, which are collateralized by residences are generally made in amounts up to 85.0% of the appraised value of the property. In the event of default by the borrower the Company will acquire and liquidate the underlying collateral. By originating the loan at a loan-to-value ratio of 85.0% or less, the Company limits its risk of loss in the event of default. However, the market values of the collateral may be adversely impacted by declines in the economy. Home equity loans may have an additional inherent risk if the Company does not hold the first mortgage. The Company may stand in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation resulting in a greater chance of insufficiency to meet all obligations. Construction lending generally involves a greater degree of risk than other residential mortgage lending. The repayment of the construction loan is, to a great degree, dependent upon the successful and timely completion of the construction of the subject property within specified cost limits. The Company completes inspections during the construction phase prior to any disbursements. The Company limits its risk during the construction as disbursements are not made until the required work for each advance has been completed. Construction delays may further impair the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. Loans collateralized by commercial real estate, and multi-family dwellings, such as apartment buildings generally are larger than residential loans and involve a greater degree of risk. Commercial real estate loans often involve large loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Payments on these loans depend to a large degree on the results of operations and management of the properties or underlying businesses, and may be affected to a greater extent by adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy in general. Accordingly, the nature of commercial real estate loans makes them more difficult for management to monitor and evaluate. Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans. In addition, consumer loans expand the products and services offered by the Company to better meet the financial services needs of its customers. Consumer loans generally involve greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans because of the difference in the nature of the underlying collateral. Repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance because of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation in the underlying collateral. The remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower beyond obtaining a deficiency judgment. In addition, consumer loan collections depend on the borrower’s personal financial stability. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans. Commercial lending generally involves greater risk than residential mortgage lending and involves risks that are different from those associated with residential and commercial real estate mortgage lending. Real estate lending is generally considered to be collateral-based, with loan amounts based on fixed loan-to-collateral values, and liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral is viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default is often an insufficient source of repayment because equipment and other business assets may be obsolete or of limited use, among other things. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial loan depends primarily on the creditworthiness of the borrower (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is a secondary and often insufficient source of repayment. The Company has formed relationships with other community banks within our region to participate in larger commercial loan relationships. These types of loans are generally considered to be riskier due to the size and complexity of the loan relationship. By entering into a participation agreement with the other bank, the Company can obtain the loan relationship while limiting its exposure to credit loss. Management completes its due diligence in underwriting these loans and monitors the servicing of these loans. Loan balances by internal credit quality indicator at September 30, 2022 are shown below. ( In thousands Performing Special Mention Substandard Total Residential real estate $ 362,984 $ 25 $ 5,133 $ 368,142 Residential construction and land 18,226 - - 18,226 Multi-family 66,998 90 - 67,088 Commercial real estate 642,999 8,758 25,865 677,622 Commercial construction 81,599 - - 81,599 Home equity 19,013 - 507 19,520 Consumer installment 4,536 - 10 4,546 Commercial loans 108,033 579 4,574 113,186 Total gross loans $ 1,304,388 $ 9,452 $ 36,089 $ 1,349,929 Loan balances by internal credit quality indicator at June 30, 2022 are shown below. (In thousands Performing Special Mention Substandard Total Residential real estate $ 355,474 $ 28 $ 5,322 $ 360,824 Residential construction and land 15,297 - 1 15,298 Multi-family 63,730 92 - 63,822 Commercial real estate 555,451 13,777 26,407 595,635 Commercial construction 83,748 - - 83,748 Home equity 17,369 - 508 17,877 Consumer installment 4,500 - 12 4,512 Commercial loans 104,364 996 4,911 110,271 Total gross loans $ 1,199,933 $ 14,893 $ 37,161 $ 1,251,987 The Company had no loans classified doubtful or loss at September 30, 2022 or June 30, 2022. During the quarter ended September 30, 2022, the Company upgraded commercial real estate loans and commercial loans from special mention to pass, due to improvements in borrower cash flows and improving financial performance. In total there were 10 commercial real estate loans and 3 commercial loans that have been upgraded to pass from special mention. There were also loan payoffs during the quarter ended September 30, 2022, comprised of 1 commercial real estate loan and 2 commercial loans that were classified as substandard. This was offset by 5 commercial real estate loans downgraded to substandard and special mention during the current quarter. At September 30, 2022, these loans were all performing. Management continues to monitor these loan relationships closely. Nonaccrual Loans Management places loans on nonaccrual status once the loans have become 90 days or more delinquent. A nonaccrual loan is defined as a loan in which collectability is questionable and therefore interest on the loan will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis. A loan is not placed back on accrual status until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and willingness to make timely payments on the loan. A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as nonaccrual. Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $5.4 million at September 30, 2022 of which $480,000 were in the process of foreclosure. At September 30, 2022, there were four residential loans totaling $378,000 and one commercial real estate loan for $102,000 in the process of foreclosure. Included in nonaccrual loans were $4.7 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at September 30, 2022, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due. These loans will be returned to accrual status once they have demonstrated a history of timely payments. Included in total loans past due were $1.2 million of loans which were making payments pursuant to forbearance agreements. Under the forbearance agreements, the customers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current over a specified period of time (resulting in an insignificant delay in repayment). During this term of the forbearance agreement, the Bank has agreed not to continue foreclosure proceedings. Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $6.3 million at June 30, 2022 of which $528,000 were in the process of foreclosure. At June 30, 2022, there were three residential loans in the process of foreclosure totaling $426,000 and one commercial real estate loan for $102,000 in the process of foreclosure. Included in nonaccrual loans were $4.4 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at June 30, 2022, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due. The decrease in nonperforming loans during the period was primarily due to $543,000 in loan repayments, $134,000 in loans returning to performing status, $7,000 in charge-offs, and $286,000 in principal payments received, partially offset by $83,000 of loans placed into nonperforming status. The following table sets forth information regarding delinquent and/or nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2022: (In thousands) 30-59 days past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total Loans Loans on Non- accrual Residential real estate $ - $ 1,680 $ 389 $ 2,069 $ 366,073 $ 368,142 $ 2,733 Residential construction and land - - - - 18,226 18,226 - Multi-family - - - - 67,088 67,088 - Commercial real estate - 90 123 213 677,409 677,622 796 Commercial construction - - - - 81,599 81,599 - Home equity 48 39 140 227 19,293 19,520 187 Consumer installment 30 1 - 31 4,515 4,546 - Commercial loans - 94 34 128 113,058 113,186 1,715 Total gross loans $ 78 $ 1,904 $ 686 $ 2,668 $ 1,347,261 $ 1,349,929 $ 5,431 The following table sets forth information regarding delinquent and/or nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2022: (In thousands) 30-59 days past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total Loans Loans on Non- accrual Residential real estate $ 66 $ 1,676 $ 592 $ 2,334 $ 358,490 $ 360,824 $ 2,948 Residential construction and land - 1 - 1 15,297 15,298 1 Multi-family - - - - 63,822 63,822 - Commercial real estate - 385 1,147 1,532 594,103 595,635 1,269 Commercial construction - - - - 83,748 83,748 - Home equity 3 - 179 182 17,695 17,877 188 Consumer installment 22 17 - 39 4,473 4,512 7 Commercial loans - 28 19 47 110,224 110,271 1,904 Total gross loans $ 91 $ 2,107 $ 1,937 $ 4,135 $ 1,247,852 $ 1,251,987 $ 6,317 The Company had no accruing loans delinquent 90 days or more at September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022. The borrowers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current within a specified time period and have made a series of payments as agreed. Impaired Loan Analysis The Company identifies impaired loans and measures the impairment in accordance with FASB ASC subtopic “ Receivables – Loan Impairment.” The tables below detail additional information on impaired loans at the date or periods indicated: As of September 30, 2022 For the three months ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,004 $ 1,004 $ - $ 986 $ 9 Commercial real estate 60 60 - 63 2 Home equity 128 128 - 128 - Consumer installment 5 5 - 5 - Commercial loans 343 343 - 344 4 Total impaired loans with no allowance 1,540 1,540 - 1,526 15 With an allowance recorded: Residential real estate 1,932 1,932 578 1,939 9 Commercial real estate 3,214 3,214 1,070 3,229 44 Commercial construction 102 102 1 102 - Home equity 320 320 5 320 4 Commercial loans 2,926 2,926 993 3,008 58 Total impaired loans with allowance 8,494 8,494 2,647 8,598 115 Total impaired: Residential real estate 2,936 2,936 578 2,925 18 Commercial real estate 3,274 3,274 1,070 3,292 46 Commercial construction 102 102 1 102 - Home equity 448 448 5 448 4 Consumer installment 5 5 - 5 - Commercial loans 3,269 3,269 993 3,352 62 Total impaired loans $ 10,034 $ 10,034 $ 2,647 $ 10,124 $ 130 As of June 30, 2022 For the three months ended September 30, 2021 (In thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 990 $ 990 $ - $ 221 $ - Commercial real estate 67 67 - 445 3 Home equity 128 128 - 128 - Consumer installment 5 5 - - - Commercial loans 346 346 - 98 - Impaired loans with no allowance 1,536 1,536 - 892 $ 3 With an allowance recorded: Residential real estate 1,953 1,953 588 718 5 Commercial real estate 3,698 3,698 1,118 780 10 Commercial construction 102 102 1 102 - Home equity 320 320 44 321 3 Commercial Loans 3,162 3,162 596 3,228 40 Impaired loans with allowance 9,235 9,235 2,347 5,149 58 Total impaired: Residential real estate 2,943 2,943 588 939 5 Commercial real estate 3,765 3,765 1,118 1,225 13 Commercial construction 102 102 1 102 - Home equity 448 448 44 449 3 Consumer installment 5 5 - - - Commercial loans 3,508 3,508 596 3,326 40 Total impaired loans $ 10,771 $ 10,771 $ 2,347 $ 6,041 $ 61 The table below details loans that have been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the periods indicated. (D ollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Current outstanding Recorded Investment For the three months ended September 30,2022 Residential real estate 2 $ 778 $ 778 $ 778 Commercial loan 1 $ 379 $ 379 $ 379 For the year ended June 30,2022 Consumer Installment 1 $ 5 $ 5 $ 5 There were no loans that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the three months ended September 30, 2021. There were no loans that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the twelve months prior to June 30, 2022 or 2021, which have subsequently defaulted during the three months ended September 30, 2022 or 2021. Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses based on management’s evaluation of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio, the composition of the loan portfolio, specific impaired loans and current economic conditions. Such evaluation, which includes a review of certain identified loans on which full collectability may not be reasonably assured, considers among other matters, the estimated net realizable value or the fair value of the underlying collateral, economic conditions, payment status of the loan, historical loan loss experience and other factors that warrant recognition in providing for the loan loss allowance. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination. The Company disaggregates its loan portfolio as noted in the below allowance for loan losses tables to evaluate for impairment collectively based on historical loss experience. The Company evaluates nonaccrual loans that are over $250 thousand and all trouble debt restructured loans individually for impairment, if it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. Loans that are guaranteed, such as SBA loans, are excluded from the homogeneous pool of loans and no allowance is allocated to this segment of the portfolio. The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. The Company charges loans off against the allowance for credit losses when it becomes evident that a loan cannot be collected within a reasonable amount of time or that it will cost the Company more than it will receive, and all possible avenues of repayment have been analyzed, including the potential of future cash flow, the value of the underlying collateral, and strength of any guarantors or co-borrowers. Generally, consumer loans and smaller business loans (not secured by real estate) in excess of 90 days are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses, unless equitable arrangements are made. Included within consumer installment loan charge-offs and recoveries are deposit accounts that have been overdrawn in excess of 60 days. With continued growth in the number of deposit accounts, charge-off activity within this category has also grown, as can be seen from the tables below. For loans secured by real estate, a charge-off is recorded when it is determined that the collection of all or a portion of a loan may not be collected and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. The allowance for loan losses is increased by a provision for loan losses (which results in a charge to expense) and recoveries of loans previously charged off and is reduced by charge-offs. The following tables set forth the activity and allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan class during and at the periods indicated. The allowance is allocated to each loan class based on historical loss experience, current economic conditions, and other considerations. Activity for the three months ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) Balance at June 30, 2022 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Balance at September 30, 2022 Residential real estate $ 2,373 $ - $ 3 $ 95 $ 2,471 Residential construction and land 141 - - 36 177 Multi-family 119 - - 40 159 Commercial real estate 16,221 - - (829 ) 15,392 Commercial construction 1,114 - - (70 ) 1,044 Home equity 89 - - (45 ) 44 Consumer installment 349 167 46 46 274 Commercial loans 2,355 4 7 228 2,586 Total $ 22,761 $ 171 $ 56 $ (499 ) $ 22,147 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable Ending Balance At September 30, 2022 Impairment Analysis Ending Balance At September 30, 2022 Impairment Analysis (In thousands) Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Residential real estate $ 578 $ 1,893 $ 2,936 $ 365,206 Residential construction and land - 177 - 18,226 Multi-family - 159 - 67,088 Commercial real estate 1,070 14,322 3,274 674,348 Commercial construction 1 1,043 102 81,497 Home equity 5 39 448 19,072 Consumer installment - 274 5 4,541 Commercial loans 993 1,593 3,269 109,917 Total $ 2,647 $ 19,500 $ 10,034 $ 1,339,895 Activity for the three months ended September 30, 2021 (In thousands) Balance at June 30, 2021 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Balance at September 30, 2021 Residential real estate $ 2,012 $ - $ - $ (15 ) $ 1,997 Residential construction and land 106 - - 14 120 Multi-family 186 - - (86 ) 100 Commercial real estate 13,049 - - 1,249 14,298 Commercial construction 1,535 - - (337 ) 1,198 Home equity 165 - - (25 ) 140 Consumer installment 267 104 37 90 290 Commercial loans 2,348 97 1 98 2,350 Total $ 19,668 $ 201 $ 38 $ 988 $ 20,493 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable Ending Balance June 30, 2022 Impairment Analysis Ending Balance June 30, 2022 Impairment Analysis (In thousands) Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Residential real estate $ 588 $ 1,785 $ 2,943 $ 357,881 Residential construction and land - 141 - 15,298 Multi-family - 119 - 63,822 Commercial real estate 1,118 15,103 3,765 591,870 Commercial construction 1 1,113 102 83,646 Home equity 44 45 448 17,429 Consumer installment - 349 5 4,507 Commercial loans 596 1,759 3,508 106,763 Total $ 2,347 $ 20,414 $ 10,771 $ 1,241,216 Foreclosed real estate (FRE) FRE consists of properties acquired through mortgage loan foreclosure proceedings or in full or partial satisfaction of loans. The following table sets forth information regarding FRE at: (in thousands) September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 Residential real estate $ - $ 68 Total foreclosed real estate $ - $ 68 |