Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans | (4) Loans and Allowanc e The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 (CECL) effective July 1, 2023. The loan segmentation has been redefined under CECL and therefore prior year tables are presented separately. With the adoption of CECL, the Company’s revised loan segments at December 31, 2023 are as follows: (In thousands) December 31, 2023 Residential real estate $ 401,656 Commercial real estate 911,731 Home equity 26,167 Consumer 4,691 Commercial 112,930 Total gross loans (1)(2) 1,457,175 Allowance for credit losses on loans (20,309 ) Loans receivable, net $ 1,436,866 (1) Loan balances include net deferred fees/cost of $54,000 at December 31, 2023. (2) Loan balances exclude accrued interest receivable of $6.4 million at December 31, 2023, which is included in accrued interest receivable in the consolidated statement of financial condition. Nonaccrual Loans Management places loans on nonaccrual status once the loans have become 90 days or more delinquent. A nonaccrual loan is defined as a loan in which collectability is questionable and therefore interest on the loan will no longer be recognized on an accrual basis. A loan is not placed back on accrual status until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and willingness to make timely payments on the loan. A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as nonaccrual. Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $5.6 million at December 31, 2023, of which there were two residential loans totaling $449,000 and two commercial real estate loans totaling $1.4 million that were in the process of foreclosure. Included in nonaccrual loans were $1.7 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at December 31, 2023, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due. These loans will be returned to accrual status once they have demonstrated a history of timely payments. Loans on nonaccrual status totaled $5.5 million at June 30, 2023 of which three residential real estate loans totaling $625,000 and two commercial real estate loans totaling $1.4 million were in the process of foreclosure. Included in nonaccrual loans were $3.1 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at June 30, 2023, but have a recent history of delinquency greater than 90 days past due. The activity in nonperforming loans during the six months ended, December 31, 2023, included $403,000 in loan repayments, $19,000 in loans returning to performing status, $46,000 in charge-offs or transfers to foreclosed, and $665,000 of loans placed into nonperforming status. The following table sets forth information regarding delinquent and/or nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2023: (In thousands) 30-59 days past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total Loans Loans on Non- accrual Residential real estate $ 3,470 $ 609 $ 1,323 $ 5,402 $ 396,254 $ 401,656 $ 2,524 Commercial real estate 1,829 54 1,247 3,130 908,601 911,731 1,682 Home equity 300 35 13 348 25,819 26,167 50 Consumer 13 - - 13 4,678 4,691 - Commercial loans 7 - 1,392 1,399 111,531 112,930 1,392 Total gross loans $ 5,619 $ 698 $ 3,975 $ 10,292 $ 1,446,883 $ 1,457,175 $ 5,648 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans The Company’s July 1, 2023 adoption of CECL resulted in a significant change to our methodology for estimating the allowance for credit losses. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for credit losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available to them at the time of their examination. The Company charges loans off against the allowance for credit losses when it becomes evident that a loan cannot be collected within a reasonable amount of time, or that it will cost the Company more than it will receive and all possible avenues of repayment have been analyzed, including the potential of future cash flow, the value of the underlying collateral, and strength of any guarantors or co-borrowers. Generally, consumer loans and smaller business loans (not secured by real estate) in excess of 90 days are charged-off against the allowance for credit losses, unless equitable arrangements are made. Included within consumer loan charge-offs and recoveries are deposit accounts that have been overdrawn in excess of 60 days. For loans secured by real estate, a charge-off is recorded when it is determined that the collection of all or a portion of a loan may not be collected and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. The allowance for credit losses is increased by a provision for credit losses (which results in a charge to expense) and recoveries of loans previously charged off, and is reduced by charge-offs. The following tables set forth the activity and allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans by segment: Activity for the three months ended December 31, 2023 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Home Equity Consumer Commercial Total Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 3,869 $ 12,356 $ 188 $ 490 $ 3,346 $ 20,249 Charge-offs - - - (154 ) (6 ) (160 ) Recoveries - - - 28 9 37 Provision 141 167 4 122 (251 ) 183 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 4,010 $ 12,523 $ 192 $ 486 $ 3,098 $ 20,309 Activity for the six months ended December 31, 2023 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Home Equity Consumer Commercial Total Balance at June 30, 2023 $ 2,794 $ 14,839 $ 46 $ 332 $ 3,201 $ 21,212 Adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 1,182 (2,889 ) 117 137 121 (1,332 ) Charge-offs - - - (276 ) (13 ) (289 ) Recoveries - 1 - 54 18 73 Provision 34 572 29 239 (229 ) 645 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 4,010 $ 12,523 $ 192 $ 486 $ 3,098 $ 20,309 The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2023 was $1.6 million. Credit monitoring process Management closely monitors the quality of the loan portfolio and has established a loan review process designed to help grade the quality and profitability of the Company’s loan portfolio. The credit quality grade helps management make a consistent assessment of each loan relationship’s credit risk. Consistent with regulatory guidelines, the Company provides for the classification of loans considered being of lesser quality. Such ratings coincide with the “Substandard,” “Doubtful” and “Loss” classifications used by federal regulators in their examination of financial institutions. For the commercial real estate and commercial loans, generally, an asset is considered Substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors and/or the collateral pledged. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that the insured financial institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in assets classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as Loss are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a full loss reserve and/or charge-off is not warranted. Assets that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but otherwise possess weaknesses are designated “Special Mention.” Residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans are graded as either nonperforming or performing. Nonperforming loans are loans that are generally over 90 days past due or on nonaccrual status. Residential mortgage loans, including home equity loans, which are collateralized by residences are generally made in amounts up to 85.0% of the appraised value of the property. In the event of default by the borrower the Company will acquire and liquidate the underlying collateral. By originating the loan at a loan-to-value ratio of 85.0% or less, the Company limits its risk of loss in the event of default. However, the market values of the collateral may be adversely impacted by declines in the economy. Home equity loans may have an additional inherent risk if the Company does not hold the first mortgage. The Company may stand in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation resulting in a greater chance of insufficiency to meet all obligations. Construction loan repayments to a degree, are dependent upon the successful and timely completion of the construction of the subject property within specified cost limits. The Company completes inspections during the construction phase prior to any disbursements. The Company limits its risk during the construction as disbursements are not made until the required work for each advance has been completed. Construction delays may further impair the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. Loans collateralized by commercial real estate, and multi-family dwellings, such as apartment buildings generally are larger than residential loans and involve a greater degree of risk. Commercial real estate loans often involve large loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Payments on these loans depend to a large degree on the results of operations and management of the properties or underlying businesses, and may be affected to a greater extent by adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy in general. Accordingly, the nature of commercial real estate loans makes them more difficult for management to monitor and evaluate. The Company has formed relationships with other community banks within our region to participate in larger commercial loan relationships. These types of loans are generally considered to be riskier due to the size and complexity of the loan relationship. By entering into a participation agreement with the other bank, the Company can obtain the loan relationship while limiting its exposure to credit loss. Management completes its due diligence in underwriting these loans and monitors the servicing of these loans. Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans. In addition, consumer loans expand the products and services offered by the Company to better meet the financial services needs of its customers. Consumer loans generally involve greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans because of the difference in the nature of the underlying collateral. Repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance because of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation in the underlying collateral. The remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower beyond obtaining a deficiency judgment. In addition, consumer loan collections depend on the borrower’s personal financial stability. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans. Commercial lending involves risks that are different from those associated with residential and commercial real estate mortgage lending. Real estate lending is generally considered to be collateral-based, with loan amounts based on fixed loan-to-collateral values, and liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral is viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default is often an insufficient source of repayment because equipment and other business assets may be obsolete or of limited use, among other things. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial loan depends primarily on the creditworthiness of the borrower (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is a secondary and often insufficient source of repayment. The Company has formed relationships with other community banks within our region to participate in larger commercial loan relationships. These types of loans are generally considered to be riskier due to the size and complexity of the loan relationship. By entering into a participation agreement with the other bank, the Company can obtain the loan relationship while limiting its exposure to credit loss. Management completes its due diligence in underwriting these loans and monitors the servicing of these loans. The following tables illustrate the Company’s credit quality by loan class by vintage: At December 31, 2023 (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Residential real estate By payment activity status: Performing $ 25,674 $ 60,830 $ 96,270 $ 83,565 $ 33,900 $ 98,868 $ - $ 25 $ 399,132 Non-performing - - - 185 173 2,166 - - 2,524 Total residential real estate 25,674 60,830 96,270 83,750 34,073 101,034 - 25 401,656 Current period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - - Commercial real estate By internally assigned grade: Pass 50,679 212,331 248,273 129,556 78,840 150,593 4,563 246 875,081 Special mention - 1,120 5,602 311 442 6,448 652 - 14,575 Substandard 332 1,114 - 598 4,655 15,303 73 - 22,075 Total commercial real estate 51,011 214,565 253,875 130,465 83,937 172,344 5,288 246 911,731 Current period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - - Home equity By payment activity status: Performing 3,298 3,088 362 498 327 1,558 16,932 54 26,117 Non-performing - - - - - 2 48 - 50 Total home equity 3,298 3,088 362 498 327 1,560 16,980 54 26,167 Current period gross charge-offs - - - - - - - - - Consumer By payment activity status: Performing 1,445 1,586 923 401 159 92 85 - 4,691 Non-performing - - - - - - - - - Total Consumer 1,445 1,586 923 401 159 92 85 - 4,691 Current period gross charge-offs 204 13 47 4 - - 8 - 276 Commercial By internally assigned grade: Pass 6,653 11,536 15,134 15,786 5,970 19,435 26,468 - 100,982 Special mention - - 55 - - 456 4,352 - 4,863 Substandard - - 1,794 1,273 93 1,283 2,642 - 7,085 Total Commercial $ 6,653 $ 11,536 $ 16,983 $ 17,059 $ 6,063 $ 21,174 $ 33,462 $ - $ 112,930 Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 13 $ - $ 13 The Company had no loans classified doubtful or loss at December 31, 2023. Individually Evaluated Loans As of December 31, 2023, collateral dependent loans evaluated individually had an amortized cost basis of $5.8 million, with an allowance for credit losses on loans of $2.0 million. Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulties As mentioned in Note 2 Recent Accounting Pronouncements, the Company’s July 1, 2023 adoption of ASU 2022-02 eliminates the recognition and measurement of TDRs. Upon adoption of this guidance, the Company will no longer recognize an allowance for credit losses for the economic concession granted to a borrower for changes in the timing and amount of contractual cash flows when a loan is restructured. The adoption of ASU 2022-02 results in a change to reporting for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. With the adoption of ASU 2022-02 these modifications require enhanced reporting on the type of modifications granted and the financial magnitude of the concessions granted. When the Company modifies a loan with financial difficulty, such modifications generally include one or a combination of the following: an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk; a change in scheduled payment amount; or principal forgiveness. There were no loans during the six months ended December 31, 2023 that were modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty since the adoption of ASU 2022-02 effective July 1, 2023. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 (CECL) Prior to July 1, 2023, the Company calculated the allowance for loan losses using the incurred loss methodology. The following tables are disclosures related to the allowance for loan losses in prior periods. Loan segments and classes at June 30, 2023 are summarized as follows: (In thousands) June 30, 2023 Residential real estate: Residential real estate $ 372,443 Residential construction and land 19,072 Multi-family 66,496 Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate 693,436 Commercial construction 121,958 Consumer loan: Home equity 22,752 Consumer installment 4,612 Commercial loans 108,022 Total gross loans (1) 1,408,791 Allowance for loan losses (21,212 ) Deferred fees and cost, net 75 Loans receivable, net $ 1,387,654 (1) Loan balances exclude accrued interest receivable of $5.5 million at June 30, 2023, which is included in accrued interest receivable in the consolidated statement of financial condition. Loan balances by internal credit quality indicator at June 30, 2023: (In thousands Performing Special Mention Substandard Total Residential real estate $ 366,403 $ 2,305 $ 3,735 $ 372,443 Residential construction and land 19,072 - - 19,072 Multi-family 66,410 86 - 66,496 Commercial real estate 665,548 11,671 16,217 693,436 Commercial construction 121,958 - - 121,958 Home equity 22,698 - 54 22,752 Consumer installment 4,530 - 82 4,612 Commercial loans 100,225 2,352 5,445 108,022 Total gross loans $ 1,366,844 $ 16,414 $ 25,533 $ 1,408,791 (In thousands) 30-59 days 60-89 90 days Total Current Total Loans Loans on Non-accrual Residential real estate $ - $ 504 $ 1,604 $ 2,108 $ 370,335 $ 372,443 $ 2,747 Residential construction and land - - - - 19,072 19,072 - Multi-family - - - - 66,496 66,496 - Commercial real estate - 235 652 887 692,549 693,436 1,318 Commercial construction - - - - 121,958 121,958 - Home equity 48 - 13 61 22,691 22,752 54 Consumer installment 63 1 63 127 4,485 4,612 63 Commercial loans - - 19 19 108,003 108,022 1,276 Total gross loans $ 111 $ 740 $ 2,351 $ 3,202 $ 1,405,589 $ 1,408,791 $ 5,458 The Company had no accruing loans delinquent 90 days or more at June 30, 2023. The borrowers have made arrangements with the Bank to bring the loans current within a specified time period and have made a series of payments as agreed. Impaired Loan Analysis The tables below detail additional information on impaired loans at the date or periods indicated: At June 30, 2023 For the three months ended December 31, 2022 For the six months ended December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,020 $ 1,020 $ - $ 923 $ 2 $ 954 $ 2 Commercial real estate 1,518 1,518 - 372 6 218 8 Home equity - - - 128 - 128 - Consumer Installment - - - 4 - 5 1 Commercial loans 334 334 - 341 4 343 8 Impaired loans with no allowance 2,872 2,872 - 1,768 12 1,648 19 With an allowance recorded: Residential real estate 2,086 2,086 597 2,301 5 2,120 7 Commercial real estate 3,777 3,777 245 3,805 41 3,517 73 Commercial construction - - - 102 - 102 - Home equity - - - - - 160 4 Commercial loans 1,572 1,572 1,171 2,591 11 2,799 27 Impaired loans with allowance 7,435 7,435 2,013 8,799 57 8,698 111 Total impaired: Residential real estate 3,106 3,106 597 3,224 7 3,074 9 Commercial real estate 5,295 5,295 245 4,177 47 3,735 81 Commercial construction - - - 102 - 102 - Home equity - - - 128 - 288 4 Consumer Installment - - - 4 - 5 1 Commercial loans 1,906 1,906 1,171 2,932 15 3,142 35 Total impaired loans $ 10,307 $ 10,307 $ 2,013 $ 10,567 $ 69 $ 10,346 $ 130 Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on July 1, 2023, the Company accounted for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty when concessions were granted as TDRs. The following tables are disclosures related to TDRs in prior periods. The table below details loans that have been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the year ended June 30, 2023. (D ollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Current Outstanding Recorded Investment For the year ended June 30, 2023 Residential real estate 2 $ 778 $ 778 $ 778 Commercial real estate 3 $ 1,428 $ 1,480 $ 1,470 Commercial loans 1 $ 379 $ 379 $ - There was one commercial loan in the amount of $379,000 that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the three months ended September 30, 2022 that subsequently defaulted during the quarter ended March 31, 2023. There were no other loans that had been modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the twelve months prior to June 30, 2022 or 2021, which have subsequently defaulted during the twelve months ended June 30, 2023 or 2022. The following tables set forth the activity and allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan class during and at the periods indicated. The allowance is allocated to each loan class based on historical loss experience, current economic conditions, and other considerations. Activity for the three months ended December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Balance at September 30, 2022 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Balance at December 31, 2022 Residential real estate $ 2,471 $ - $ 2 $ 19 $ 2,492 Residential construction and land 177 - - 16 193 Multi-family 159 - - 8 167 Commercial real estate 15,392 - - 58 15,450 Commercial construction 1,044 - - 56 1,100 Home equity 44 - - (6 ) 38 Consumer installment 274 137 29 118 284 Commercial loans 2,586 7 11 (25 ) 2,565 Total $ 22,147 $ 144 $ 42 $ 244 $ 22,289 Activity for the six months ended December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Balance at June 30, 2022 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Balance at December 31, 2022 Residential real estate $ 2,373 $ - $ 5 $ 114 $ 2,492 Residential construction and land 141 - - 52 193 Multi-family 119 - - 48 167 Commercial real estate 16,221 - - (771 ) 15,450 Commercial construction 1,114 - - (14 ) 1,100 Home equity 89 - - (51 ) 38 Consumer installment 349 304 75 164 284 Commercial loans 2,355 11 18 203 2,565 Total $ 22,761 $ 315 $ 98 $ (255 ) $ 22,289 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable Ending Balance June 30, 2023 Impairment Analysis Ending Balance June 30, 2023 Impairment Analysis (In thousands) Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Individually Evaluated Collectively Evaluated Residential real estate $ 597 $ 2,016 $ 3,106 $ 369,337 Residential construction and land - 181 - 19,072 Multi-family - 197 - 66,496 Commercial real estate 245 12,775 5,295 688,141 Commercial construction - 1,622 - 121,958 Home equity - 46 - 22,752 Consumer installment - 332 - 4,612 Commercial loans 1,171 2,030 1,906 106,116 Total $ 2,013 $ 19,199 $ 10,307 $ 1,398,484 Foreclosed real estate (FRE) FRE consists of properties acquired through mortgage loan foreclosure proceedings or in full or partial satisfaction of loans. The following table sets forth information regarding FRE at: (In thousands) December 31, 2023 June 30, 2023 Commercial loans $ 302 $ 302 Total foreclosed real estate $ 302 $ 302 |