Derivative Instruments | 5. Derivative Instruments The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, such as commodity price risk. Derivative contracts are typically utilized to hedge the Company’s exposure to price fluctuations and reduce the variability in the Company’s cash flows associated with anticipated sales of future oil and natural gas production. The Company typically hedges a substantial, but varying, portion of anticipated oil and natural gas production for future periods. The Company believes that these derivative arrangements, although not free of risk, allow it to achieve a more predictable cash flow and to reduce exposure to commodity price fluctuations. However, derivative arrangements limit the benefit of increases in the prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids sales. Moreover, because its derivative arrangements apply only to a portion of its production, the Company’s strategy provides only partial protection against declines in commodity prices. Such arrangements may expose the Company to risk of financial loss in certain circumstances. The Company continuously reevaluates its hedging program in light of changes in production, market conditions, commodity price forecasts and requirements under its Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2021, the Company’s oil and natural gas derivative positions consisted of swaps and costless collars. Swaps are designed so that the Company receives or makes payments based on a differential between fixed and variable prices for oil and natural gas. A costless collar consists of a purchased put option and a sold call option, which establishes a minimum and maximum price, respectively, that the Company will receive for the volumes under the contract. It is the Company’s policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are creditworthy institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive market makers. The Company does not post collateral, nor is it exposed to potential margin calls, under any of these contracts, as they are secured under the Credit Agreement (as defined below) or under unsecured lines of credit with non-bank counterparties. See Note 10 – “Long-Term Debt” for further information regarding the Credit Agreement. The Company has elected not to designate any of its derivative contracts for hedge accounting. Accordingly, derivatives are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets as assets or liabilities, with the changes in the fair value included in the consolidated statements of operations for the period in which the change occurs. The Company records the net change in the mark-to-market valuation of these derivative contracts, as well as all payments and receipts on settled derivative contracts, in “Gain (loss) on derivatives, net” on the consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2021, the Company’s oil derivative contracts include hedges for 1.2 MMBbls of remaining 2021 production with an average floor price of $56.61 per barrel and 1.9 MMBbls of 2022 production with an average floor price of $53.39 per barrel. As of June 30, 2021, and including the hedges entered into subsequent to the end of the second quarter (discussed below), the Company’s natural gas derivative contracts include 8.2 Bcf of remaining 2021 production with an average floor price of $2.94 per MMBtu and 16.3 Bcf of 2022 production with an average floor price of $2.78 per MMBtu. Approximately 95% of the Company’s hedges are swaps, and the Company has no three-way collars or short puts. As of June 30, 2021, the following financial derivative instruments were in place (fair value in thousands): Weighted Average Commodity Period Derivative Volume/Quarter Price/Unit Fair Value Oil Q3 2021 Swap 579,941 Bbls $ 57.15 (1) (8,833) Oil Q4 2021 Swap 547,251 Bbls $ 57.06 (1) (7,039) Oil Q1 2022 Swap 585,000 Bbls $ 56.34 (1) (6,821) Oil Q2 2022 Swap 473,000 Bbls $ 52.92 (1) (6,377) Oil Q3 2022 Swap 417,000 Bbls $ 51.27 (1) (5,664) Oil Q4 2022 Swap 407,000 Bbls $ 51.86 (1) (4,776) Oil Q1 2023 Swap 380,000 Bbls $ 53.15 (1) (3,570) Oil Q2 2023 Swap 150,000 Bbls $ 58.43 (1) (564) Oil Q3 2021 Collar 60,941 Bbls $ 52.00 - 58.80 (1) (840) Oil Q4 2021 Collar 60,251 Bbls $ 52.00 - 58.80 (1) (727) Natural Gas Q3 2021 Swap 3,140,000 MMBtus $ 2.71 (2) (2,898) Natural Gas Q4 2021 Swap 3,000,000 MMBtus $ 2.63 (2) (3,134) Natural Gas Q1 2022 Swap 3,090,000 MMBtus $ 2.69 (2) (3,037) Natural Gas Q2 2022 Swap 2,425,000 MMBtus $ 2.51 (2) (1,061) Natural Gas Q3 2022 Swap 2,300,000 MMBtus $ 2.51 (2) (1,058) Natural Gas Q4 2022 Swap 2,250,000 MMBtus $ 2.65 (2) (945) Natural Gas Q1 2023 Swap 1,500,000 MMBtus $ 2.72 (2) (776) Natural Gas Q4 2021 Collar 400,000 MMBtus $ 3.00 - 3.41 (1) (175) Natural Gas Q1 2022 Collar 510,000 MMBtus $ 3.00 - 3.41 (2) (234) Natural Gas Q1 2023 Collar 550,000 MMBtus $ 2.63 - 3.01 (2) (140) Total net fair value of derivative instruments (in thousands) $ (58,669) (1) Based on West Texas Intermediate oil prices. (2) Based on Henry Hub NYMEX natural gas prices. Subsequent to the end of the second quarter of 2021, the Company entered into the following additional derivative contracts: Weighted Average Commodity Period Derivative Volume/Quarter Price/Unit Natural Gas Q3 2021 Swap 725,000 MMBtus $ 3.71 (1) Natural Gas Q4 2021 Swap 975,000 MMBtus $ 3.71 (1) Natural Gas Q1 2022 Swap 900,000 MMBtus $ 3.10 (1) Natural Gas Q2 2022 Swap 1,950,000 MMBtus $ 3.10 (1) Natural Gas Q3 2022 Swap 1,350,000 MMBtus $ 3.10 (1) Natural Gas Q4 2022 Swap 1,550,000 MMBtus $ 3.10 (1) Natural Gas Q1 2023 Swap 1,350,000 MMBtus $ 2.73 (1) Natural Gas Q2 2023 Swap 3,000,000 MMBtus $ 2.73 (1) (1) Based on Henry Hub NYMEX natural gas prices. The following summarizes the fair value of commodity derivatives outstanding on a gross and net basis as of June 30, 2021 (in thousands): Gross Netting (1) Total Assets $ — $ — $ — Liabilities $ (58,669) $ — $ (58,669) (1) Represents counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives. The following summarizes the fair value of commodity derivatives outstanding on a gross and net basis as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Gross Netting (1) Total Assets $ 3,493 $ — $ 3,493 Liabilities $ (2,965) $ — $ (2,965) (1) Represents counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives. The following table summarizes the effect of derivative contracts on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Oil contracts $ (5,792) $ 8,461 $ (7,674) $ 11,258 Natural gas contracts (588) 2,933 (1,147) 5,445 Realized gain (loss) $ (6,380) $ 11,394 $ (8,821) $ 16,703 Oil contracts $ (35,139) $ (16,557) $ (48,925) $ 24,170 Natural gas contracts (11,961) (3,641) (11,815) (2,978) Non-cash mark-to-market gain (loss) $ (47,100) $ (20,198) $ (60,740) $ 21,192 Gain (loss) on derivatives, net $ (53,480) $ (8,804) $ (69,561) $ 37,895 |