Exhibit 99.1
Item 6.Selected Financial Data
The following financial data at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, should be read in conjunction with the other financial information included in this Exhibit 99.1 of this Form 8-K. All other financial data has been prepared from our accounting records.
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| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | (Millions, except per-share amounts) |
Revenues | | $ | 9,600 | | | $ | 8,238 | | | $ | 11,851 | | | $ | 10,197 | | | $ | 9,101 | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations(1) | | | (912 | ) | | | 590 | | | | 1,559 | | | | 911 | | | | 361 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations(2) | | | (10 | ) | | | (229 | ) | | | 33 | | | | 169 | | | | (12 | ) |
Amounts attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc.: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (1,087 | ) | | | 444 | | | | 1,398 | | | | 830 | | | | 327 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (10 | ) | | | (159 | ) | | | 20 | | | | 160 | | | | (18 | ) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (1.86 | ) | | | .76 | | | | 2.37 | | | | 1.37 | | | | .54 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (0.02 | ) | | | (0.27 | ) | | | 0.03 | | | | 0.26 | | | | (0.03 | ) |
Total assets at December 31 | | | 24,972 | | | | 25,280 | | | | 26,006 | | | | 25,061 | | | | 25,402 | |
Short-term notes payable and long-term debt due within one year at December 31 | | | 508 | | | | 17 | | | | 18 | | | | 108 | | | | 358 | |
Long-term debt at December 31 | | | 8,600 | | | | 8,259 | | | | 7,683 | | | | 7,580 | | | | 7,410 | |
Stockholders’ equity at December 31 | | | 7,288 | | | | 8,447 | | | | 8,440 | | | | 6,375 | | | | 6,073 | |
Cash dividends declared per common share | | | .485 | | | | .44 | | | | .43 | | | | .39 | | | | .345 | |
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(1) | | Loss from continuing operations for 2010 includes $648 million of pre-tax costs associated with our restructuring, as well as approximately $1.7 billion of impairment charges related to goodwill and certain properties at Exploration & Production. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of asset sales, impairments, and other accruals in 2010, 2009, and 2008. Income from continuing operations for 2006 includes a $73 million charge for a litigation contingency and a $167 million charge for a securities litigation settlement and related costs. |
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(2) | | See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the analysis of the 2010, 2009, and 2008 income (loss) from discontinued operations. The discontinued operations results for 2007 includes our former power business, our discontinued Venezuela operations, and our holdings in the Arkoma basin. The discontinued operations results for 2006 includes our former power business, discontinued Venezuela operations, our holdings in the Arkoma basin, as well as amounts associated with our former chemical fertilizer business, a former exploration business, our former Alaska refinery, and our former distributive power business. |
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Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
General
We are primarily an integrated natural gas company engaged in finding, producing, gathering, processing, and transporting natural gas. Our operations are located principally in the United States and are organized into the following reporting segments: Williams Partners, Exploration & Production, and Midstream Canada & Olefins. All remaining business activities are included in Other. (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these segments.)
Unless indicated otherwise, the following discussion and analysis of critical accounting estimates, results of operations, and financial condition and liquidity relates to our current continuing operations and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 8 of this Exhibit 99.1.
Change in Structure and Dividend Increase
On February 16, 2011, we announced that our Board of Directors approved our reorganization plan to divide our business into two separate, publicly traded corporations. On April 29, 2011, our wholly owned subsidiary, WPX Energy, Inc. (WPX), filed a registration statement with the SEC with respect to an initial public offering of its equity securities. This is the first step in our reorganization plan which calls for a separation of our exploration and production business into a publicly traded company via an initial public offering of up to 20 percent of our interest in the third quarter of 2011. We intend to complete the offering so that it preserves our ability to complete a tax-free spinoff of our remaining ownership in the exploration and production business to Williams’ shareholders in 2012, after which Williams would continue as a premier natural gas infrastructure company. We retain the discretion to determine whether and when to complete these transactions.
Additionally, we intend to increase the quarterly dividend paid to our shareholders, with an initial increase of 60 percent (to $0.20 per share), for the first quarter of 2011 payable in June 2011.
Management believes these actions will serve to enhance the growth potential and overall valuation of our assets.
Overview of 2010
The effects of the severe economic recession during late 2008 and 2009 have eased during 2010. Crude oil and NGL prices have returned to attractive levels, but natural gas prices have remained low. Natural gas prices have remained low and forward natural gas prices have declined, primarily as a result of significant increases in near- and long-term supplies, which have outpaced near-term demand growth. The decline in forward natural gas prices contributed significantly to impairments recorded by our Exploration & Production segment in the third quarter of 2010. However, lower natural gas prices, along with strong NGL prices and ethane demand, contributed to improved results in our midstream businesses. Abundant and low-cost natural gas reserves in the United States are driving strong demand for midstream and pipeline infrastructure. Objectives and highlights of our plan for 2010 include:
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Objectives | | Highlights |
Continuing to invest in our gathering and processing and interstate natural gas pipeline systems. | | We invested $1 billion in capital and investment expenditures in our midstream businesses and also invested $473 million in capital expenditures in our gas pipelines during 2010. |
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Continuing to invest in our natural gas production development. | | We invested $2.8 billion in drilling activity and acquisitions in Exploration & Production, including $1.7 billion related to acquisitions in the Bakken and Marcellus Shale areas. |
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Retaining the flexibility to adjust our planned levels of capital and investment expenditures in response to changes in economic conditions, as well as seizing attractive opportunities. | | During 2010, our Williams Partners and Exploration & Production segments seized growth opportunities to expand in the Marcellus Shale, while Exploration & Production further diversified into oil production with an acquisition in North Dakota’s Bakken Shale. (See further discussion in Other Significant 2010 Events.) These expenditures were funded through cash flow from operations, debt and equity offerings at WPZ, and cash on hand, while maintaining our desired level of liquidity of at least $1 billion fromcash and cash equivalentsand unused revolving credit facilities. |
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Our 2010 income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. changed unfavorably by $1.5 billion compared to 2009. This decrease is primarily reflective of a $1 billion full impairment charge related to goodwill at Exploration & Production and $678 million of pre-tax charges associated with impairments of certain producing properties and acquired unproved reserves at Exploration & Production during the third quarter of 2010. Additionally, we had $648 million of pre-tax costs associated with our 2010 restructuring, including $606 million of early debt retirement costs. Partially offsetting these costs is the impact of an improved energy commodity price environment in 2010 compared to 2009. See additional discussion in Results of Operations.
Our net cash provided by operating activities for 2010 increased $79 million compared to 2009, primarily due to the improvement in the energy commodity price environment during the year. See additional discussion in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Liquidity.
Other Significant 2010 Events
On February 17, 2010, we completed a strategic restructuring that involved contributing certain of our wholly and partially owned subsidiaries to WPZ, our consolidated master limited partnership, and restructuring our debt (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
In May 2010, Exploration & Production announced a major acreage acquisition in the Marcellus Shale located in northeast Pennsylvania. In July 2010, the purchase was completed for $599 million, including closing adjustments. (See Results of Operations — Segments, Exploration & Production.)
On May 24, 2010, WPZ and WMZ entered into a merger agreement providing for the merger of WMZ and WPZ. On August 31, 2010, the WMZ unitholders approved the proposed merger between the two master limited partnerships and the merger was completed.
In July 2010, we notified our partner in the Overland Pass Pipeline Company LLC (OPPL) of our election to exercise our option to purchase an additional ownership interest, which provides us with a 50 percent ownership interest in OPPL, for approximately $424 million. This transaction was completed on September 9, 2010, primarily with proceeds from WPZ’s credit facility. (See Results of Operations — Segments, Williams Partners.) Additionally, WPZ completed an equity offering resulting in net proceeds of $437 million, which were used to reduce the borrowing under WPZ’s credit facility.
In October 2010, we filed an application with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to upgrade compressor facilities and expand our existing natural gas transmission system from Alabama to markets as far north as North Carolina. The cost of the project is estimated to be $219 million. The project is expected to be phased into service in September 2012 and June 2013, with an increase in capacity of 225 Mdt/d.
In November 2010, WPZ acquired a business from Exploration & Production represented by certain gathering and processing assets in Colorado’s Piceance basin, for $702 million in cash, approximately 1.8 million of WPZ common units and an increase in the capital account of its general partner to allow us to maintain our 2 percent general partner interest. (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)
In November 2010, WPZ completed a public offering of $600 million of its 4.125 percent senior notes due 2020. WPZ used the net proceeds from the offering to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid for the previously described gathering and processing assets in the Piceance basin. (See further discussion in Results of Operations — Segments, Williams Partners.)
In December 2010, WPZ acquired a midstream business in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale for $150 million. (See further discussion in Results of Operations — Segments, Williams Partners.)
In December 2010, Exploration & Production acquired a company that holds a major acreage position (approximately 85,800 net acres) in North Dakota’s Bakken Shale oil play that will diversify our interests into light, sweet crude oil production. The purchase price was approximately $949 million, including closing adjustments.
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In December 2010, WPZ completed a public offering of 8 million of its common units, representing limited-partner interests. WPZ used the net proceeds from the common unit public offering for repayment of a $200 million borrowing under the partnership’s credit facility, as well as funding a portion of the consideration for the acquisition of midstream assets in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale. We made a cash contribution to WPZ in order to maintain our 2 percent general partner interest in the partnership. As a result of the offering, our limited partner interest in the partnership was reduced to 73 percent. See additional discussion in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Liquidity.
Outlook for 2011
We believe we are well positioned to execute on our 2011 business plan and to capture attractive growth opportunities. Economic and commodity price indicators for 2011 and beyond reflect continued improvement in the economic environment. However, given the potential volatility of these measures, it is reasonably possible that the economy could worsen and/or commodity prices could decline, negatively impacting future operating results and increasing the risk of nonperformance of counterparties or impairments of long-lived assets.
As a result of our 2010 restructuring, as previously discussed, we are better positioned to drive additional organic growth and aggressively pursue value-adding growth opportunities. Our structure is designed to lower capital costs, enhance reliable access to capital markets, and create a greater ability to pursue development projects and acquisitions.
We continue to operate with a focus on increasing Economic Value Added® (EVA®)1 and invest in our businesses in a way that meets customer needs and enhances our competitive position by:
| • | | Continuing to invest in and grow our gathering and processing, interstate natural gas pipeline systems, and natural gas and oil drilling; |
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| • | | Retaining the flexibility to adjust somewhat our planned levels of capital and investment expenditures in response to changes in economic conditions or business opportunities. |
Potential risks and/or obstacles that could impact the execution of our plan include:
| • | | Lower than anticipated energy commodity prices; |
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| • | | Lower than expected levels of cash flow from operations; |
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| • | | Availability of capital; |
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| • | | Counterparty credit and performance risk; |
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| • | | Decreased drilling success at Exploration & Production; |
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| • | | Decreased volumes from third parties served by our midstream businesses; |
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| • | | General economic, financial markets, or industry downturn; |
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| • | | Changes in the political and regulatory environments; |
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| • | | Physical damages to facilities, especially damage to offshore facilities by named windstorms for which our aggregate insurance policy limit is $75 million in the event of a material loss. |
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1 | | Economic Value Added® (EVA®) is a registered trademark of Stern Stewart & Co. This tool considers both financial earnings and a cost of capital in measuring performance. We look for opportunities to improve EVA® because we believe there is a strong correlation between EVA® improvement and creation of shareholder value. |
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We continue to address these risks through utilization of commodity hedging strategies, disciplined investment strategies, and maintaining at least $1 billion in consolidated liquidity from cash and cash equivalents and unused revolving credit facilities. In addition, we utilize master netting agreements and collateral requirements with our counterparties to reduce credit risk and liquidity requirements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. We have reviewed the selection, application, and disclosure of these critical accounting estimates with our Audit Committee. We believe that the nature of these estimates and assumptions is material due to the subjectivity and judgment necessary, or the susceptibility of such matters to change, and the impact of these on our financial condition or results of operations.
Impairments of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets
We have assessed goodwill for impairment annually as of the end of the year and we have performed interim assessments of goodwill if impairment triggering events or circumstances were present. One such triggering event is a significant decline in forward natural gas prices. During the first and second quarter of 2010, we evaluated the impact of declines in forward gas prices across all future production periods and determined that the impact was not significant enough to warrant a full impairment review. Forward natural gas prices through 2025 used in these prior analyses had declined less than 10 percent, on average, from December 31, 2009 through March 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010. During the third quarter of 2010, these forward natural gas prices through 2025 declined an additional 19 percent for a total year-to-date decline of more than 22 percent on average through September 30, 2010. Based on forward prices as of September 30, 2010, we evaluated the impact of this decline across all future production periods and determined that a full impairment review was warranted.
As a result, we evaluated our goodwill of approximately $1 billion resulting from a 2001 acquisition at Exploration & Production related to its domestic natural gas production operations (the reporting unit). Our impairment evaluation of goodwill first considered our management’s estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit compared to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeded its fair value, a computation of the implied fair value of the goodwill was compared with its related carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill exceeded the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss was recognized in the amount of the excess. Because quoted market prices were not available for the reporting unit, management applied reasonable judgments (including market supported assumptions when available) in estimating the fair value for the reporting unit. We estimated the fair value of the reporting unit on a stand-alone basis and also considered our market capitalization and third party estimates in corroborating our estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit.
The fair value of the reporting unit was estimated primarily by valuing proved and unproved reserves. We use an income approach (discounted cash flows) for valuing reserves. The significant inputs into the valuation of proved and unproved reserves include reserve quantities, forward natural gas prices, anticipated drilling and operating costs, anticipated production curves, income taxes, and appropriate discount rates. To estimate the fair value of the reporting unit and the implied fair value of goodwill under a hypothetical acquisition of the reporting unit, we assumed a tax structure where a buyer would obtain a step-up in the tax basis of the net assets acquired.
In our assessment as of September 30, 2010, the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeded its fair value. We then determined that the implied fair value of the goodwill was zero. As a result, we recognized a full $1 billion impairment charge related to Exploration & Production’s goodwill. See Note 4 and Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion and significant inputs into the fair value determination.
We evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment when we believe events or changes in circumstances indicate that we may not be able to recover the carrying value. Our computations utilize judgments and assumptions that include the estimated fair value of the asset, undiscounted future cash flows, discounted future cash flows, and the current and future economic environment in which the asset is operated.
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As a result of significant declines in forward natural gas prices during the third quarter of 2010, we assessed our natural gas producing properties and acquired unproved reserve costs for impairment using estimates of future cash flows. Significant judgments and assumptions in these assessments include estimates of natural gas reserves quantities, estimates of future natural gas prices using a forward NYMEX curve adjusted for locational basis differentials, drilling plans, expected capital costs, and our estimate of an applicable discount rate commensurate with risk of the underlying cash flow estimates. The assessment performed at September 30, 2010 identified certain properties with a carrying value in excess of their calculated fair values. As a result, we recognized a $678 million impairment charge. See Note 4 and Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion and significant inputs into the fair value determination.
In addition to those long-lived assets described above for which impairment charges were recorded, certain others were reviewed for which no impairment was required. These reviews included our other domestic producing properties and acquired unproved reserve costs, and utilized inputs generally consistent with those described above. Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our estimate of future cash flows used to evaluate these assets. The use of alternate judgments and assumptions could result in the recognition of different levels of impairment charges in the consolidated financial statements. For these other producing assets reviewed, but for which impairment charges were not recorded, we estimate that approximately 10 percent could be at risk for impairment if forward prices across all future periods decline by approximately 8 to 11 percent, on average, as compared to the forward prices at December 31, 2010. A substantial portion of the remaining carrying value of these other assets (primarily related to Exploration & Production’s assets in the Piceance basin) could be at risk for impairment if forward prices across all future periods decline by at least 30 percent, on average, as compared to the prices at December 31, 2010.
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We review our energy contracts to determine whether they are derivatives or contain derivatives. We further assess the appropriate accounting method for any derivatives identified, which could include:
| • | | Qualifying for and electing cash flow hedge accounting, which recognizes changes in the fair value of the derivative in other comprehensive income (to the extent the hedge is effective) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings; |
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| • | | Qualifying for and electing accrual accounting under the normal purchases and normal sales exception; or |
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| • | | Applying mark-to-market accounting, which recognizes changes in the fair value of the derivative in earnings. |
If cash flow hedge accounting or accrual accounting is not applied, a derivative is subject to mark-to-market accounting. Determination of the accounting method involves significant judgments and assumptions, which are further described below.
The determination of whether a derivative contract qualifies as a cash flow hedge includes an analysis of historical market price information to assess whether the derivative is expected to be highly effective in offsetting the cash flows attributed to the hedged risk. We also assess whether the hedged forecasted transaction is probable of occurring. This assessment requires us to exercise judgment and consider a wide variety of factors in addition to our intent, including internal and external forecasts, historical experience, changing market and business conditions, our financial and operational ability to carry out the forecasted transaction, the length of time until the forecasted transaction is projected to occur, and the quantity of the forecasted transaction. In addition, we compare actual cash flows to those that were expected from the underlying risk. If a hedged forecasted transaction is not probable of occurring, or if the derivative contract is not expected to be highly effective, the derivative does not qualify for hedge accounting.
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, we must periodically assess whether they continue to qualify for hedge accounting. We prospectively discontinue hedge accounting and recognize future changes in fair value directly in earnings if we no longer expect the hedge to be highly effective, or if we believe that the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring. If the forecasted transaction becomes probable of not occurring, we reclassify amounts previously recorded in other comprehensive income into earnings in addition to
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prospectively discontinuing hedge accounting. If the effectiveness of the derivative improves and is again expected to be highly effective in offsetting the cash flows attributed to the hedged risk, or if the forecasted transaction again becomes probable, we may prospectively re-designate the derivative as a hedge of the underlying risk.
Derivatives for which the normal purchases and normal sales exception has been elected are accounted for on an accrual basis. In determining whether a derivative is eligible for this exception, we assess whether the contract provides for the purchase or sale of a commodity that will be physically delivered in quantities expected to be used or sold over a reasonable period in the normal course of business. In making this assessment, we consider numerous factors, including the quantities provided under the contract in relation to our business needs, delivery locations per the contract in relation to our operating locations, duration of time between entering the contract and delivery, past trends and expected future demand, and our past practices and customs with regard to such contracts. Additionally, we assess whether it is probable that the contract will result in physical delivery of the commodity and not net financial settlement.
Since our energy derivative contracts could be accounted for in three different ways, two of which are elective, our accounting method could be different from that used by another party for a similar transaction. Furthermore, the accounting method may influence the level of volatility in the financial statements associated with changes in the fair value of derivatives, as generally depicted below:
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| | Consolidated Statement of Operations | | Consolidated Balance Sheet |
Accounting Method | | Drivers | | Impact | | Drivers | | Impact |
Accrual Accounting | | Realizations | | Less Volatility | | None | | No Impact |
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Cash Flow Hedge Accounting | | Realizations & Ineffectiveness | | Less Volatility | | Fair Value Changes | | More Volatility |
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Mark-to-Market Accounting | | Fair Value Changes | | More Volatility | | Fair Value Changes | | More Volatility |
Our determination of the accounting method does not impact our cash flows related to derivatives.
Additional discussion of the accounting for energy contracts at fair value is included in Notes 1 and 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Oil- and Gas-Producing Activities
We use the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil- and gas-producing activities. Estimated natural gas and oil reserves and forward market prices for oil and gas are a significant part of our financial calculations. Following are examples of how these estimates affect financial results:
| • | | An increase (decrease) in estimated proved oil and gas reserves can reduce (increase) our unit-of-production depreciation, depletion, and amortization rates. |
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| • | | Changes in oil and gas reserves and forward market prices both impact projected future cash flows from our oil and gas properties. This, in turn, can impact our periodic impairment analyses. |
The process of estimating natural gas and oil reserves is very complex, requiring significant judgment in the evaluation of all available geological, geophysical, engineering, and economic data. After being estimated internally, approximately 94 percent of our domestic reserve estimates are audited by independent experts. The data may change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development cost and activity, evolving production history, and a continual reassessment of the viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates could occur from time to time. Such changes could trigger an impairment of our oil and gas properties and have an impact on ourdepreciation, depletion, and amortizationexpense prospectively. For example, a change of approximately 10 percent in our total oil and gas reserves could change our annualdepreciation, depletion, and amortizationexpense between approximately $76 million and $93 million. The actual impact would depend on the specific basins impacted and whether the change resulted from proved developed, proved undeveloped, or a combination of these reserve categories.
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Forward market prices, which are utilized in our impairment analyses, include estimates of prices for periods that extend beyond those with quoted market prices. This forward market price information is consistent with that generally used in evaluating our drilling decisions and acquisition plans. These market prices for future periods impact the production economics underlying oil and gas reserve estimates. The prices of natural gas and oil are volatile and change from period to period, thus impacting our estimates. Significant unfavorable changes in the forward price curve could result in an impairment of our oil and gas properties.
Contingent Liabilities
We record liabilities for estimated loss contingencies, including environmental matters, when we assess that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Revisions to contingent liabilities are generally reflected in income when new or different facts or information become known or circumstances change that affect the previous assumptions with respect to the likelihood or amount of loss. Liabilities for contingent losses are based upon our assumptions and estimates and upon advice of legal counsel, engineers, or other third parties regarding the probable outcomes of the matter. Areas of significance include certain royalty-related and other litigated matters, as well as environmental matters. As new developments occur or more information becomes available, our assumptions and estimates of these liabilities may change. Changes in our assumptions and estimates or outcomes different from our current assumptions and estimates could materially affect future results of operations for any particular quarterly or annual period. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets and Tax Contingencies
We have deferred tax assets resulting from certain investments and businesses that have a tax basis in excess of the book basis and from tax carry-forwards generated in the current and prior years. We must evaluate whether we will ultimately realize these tax benefits and establish a valuation allowance for those that may not be realizable. This evaluation considers tax planning strategies, including assumptions about the availability and character of future taxable income. When assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider forecasts of future company performance, the estimated impact of potential asset dispositions, and our ability and intent to execute tax planning strategies to utilize tax carryovers. The ultimate amount of deferred tax assets realized could be materially different from those recorded, as influenced by potential changes in jurisdictional income tax laws and the circumstances surrounding the actual realization of related tax assets, including the impact of organizational or structural changes.
We regularly face challenges from domestic and foreign tax authorities regarding the amount of taxes due. These challenges include questions regarding the timing and amount of deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. We evaluate the liability associated with our various filing positions by applying the two step process of recognition and measurement. The ultimate disposition of these contingencies could have a significant impact on operating results and net cash flows. To the extent we were to prevail in matters for which accruals have been established or were required to pay amounts in excess of our accrued liability, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period may be materially impacted.
See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Pension and Postretirement Obligations
We have employee benefit plans that include pension and other postretirement benefits. Net periodic benefit expense and obligations for these plans are impacted by various estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include the expected long-term rates of return on plan assets, discount rates, expected rate of compensation increase, health care cost trend rates, and employee demographics, including retirement age and mortality. These assumptions are reviewed annually and adjustments are made as needed. The assumptions utilized to compute expense and the benefit obligations are shown in Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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The following table presents the estimated increase (decrease) in net periodic benefit expense and obligations resulting from a one-percentage-point change in the specified assumption.
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| | Benefit Expense | | Benefit Obligation |
| | One-Percentage- | | One-Percentage- | | One-Percentage- | | One-Percentage- |
| | Point Increase | | Point Decrease | | Point Increase | | Point Decrease |
| | (Millions) |
Pension benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Discount rate | | $ | (10 | ) | | $ | 11 | | | $ | (133 | ) | | $ | 158 | |
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | | | (10 | ) | | | 10 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Rate of compensation increase | | | 3 | | | | (3 | ) | | | 14 | | | | (12 | ) |
Other postretirement benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Discount rate | | | (3 | ) | | | 3 | | | | (35 | ) | | | 43 | |
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | | | (2 | ) | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Assumed health care cost trend rate | | | 5 | | | | (4 | ) | | | 39 | | | | (32 | ) |
Our expected long-term rates of return on plan assets, as determined at the beginning of each fiscal year, are based on the average rate of return expected on the funds invested in the plans. We determine our long-term expected rate of return on plan assets using our expectations of capital market results, which includes an analysis of historical results as well as forward-looking projections. These capital market expectations are based on a long-term period of at least ten years and consider our investment strategy and mix of assets, which is weighted toward domestic and international equity securities. We develop our expectations using input from several external sources, including consultation with our third-party independent investment consultant. The forward-looking capital market projections are developed using a consensus of economists’ expectations for inflation, GDP growth, and dividend yield along with expected changes in risk premiums. The capital market return projections for specific asset classes in the investment portfolio are then applied to the relative weightings of the asset classes in the investment portfolio. The resulting rate is an estimate of future results and, thus, likely to be different than actual results.
The capital markets continued to improve in 2010 and the benefit plans’ assets reflect this improvement. While the 2010 investment performance was greater than our expected rates of return, the expected rates of return on plan assets are long-term in nature and are not significantly impacted by short-term market performance. Changes to our asset allocation would also impact these expected rates of return. Our expected long-term rate of return on plan assets used for our pension plans had been 7.75 percent since 2006. In 2010, we reduced our expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets to 7.5 percent. This reduction was implemented due to changes in long-term capital market expectations and our intent to slightly reduce the equity exposure and increase the fixed income exposure in the investment portfolio. The 2010 actual return on plan assets for our pension plans was a gain of approximately 12.9 percent. The ten-year average rate of return on pension plan assets through December 2010 was approximately 3.3 percent and is largely affected by the approximately 34.1 percent loss experienced in 2008.
The discount rates are used to measure the benefit obligations of our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. The objective of the discount rates is to determine the amount, if invested at the December 31 measurement date in a portfolio of high-quality debt securities, that will provide the necessary cash flows when benefit payments are due. Increases in the discount rates decrease the obligation and, generally, decrease the related expense. The discount rates for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans are determined separately based on an approach specific to our plans and their respective expected benefit cash flows as described in Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Our discount rate assumptions are impacted by changes in general economic and market conditions that affect interest rates on long-term high-quality debt securities as well as by the duration of our plans’ liabilities.
The expected rate of compensation increase represents average long-term salary increases. An increase in this rate causes the pension obligation and expense to increase.
The assumed health care cost trend rates are based on national trend rates adjusted for our actual historical cost rates and plan design. An increase in this rate causes the other postretirement benefit obligation and expense to increase.
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Fair Value Measurements
A limited amount of our energy derivative assets and liabilities trade in markets with lower availability of pricing information requiring us to use unobservable inputs and are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. At December 31, 2010, less than 1 percent of our energy derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are included in Level 3. For Level 2 transactions, we do not make significant adjustments to observable prices in measuring fair value as we do not generally trade in inactive markets.
The determination of fair value for our energy derivative assets and liabilities also incorporates the time value of money and various credit risk factors which can include the credit standing of the counterparties involved, master netting arrangements, the impact of credit enhancements (such as cash collateral posted and letters of credit) and our nonperformance risk on our energy derivative liabilities. The determination of the fair value of our energy derivative liabilities does not consider noncash collateral credit enhancements. For net derivative assets, we apply a credit spread, based on the credit rating of the counterparty, against the net derivative asset with that counterparty. For net derivative liabilities we apply our own credit rating. We derive the credit spreads by using the corporate industrial credit curves for each rating category and building a curve based on certain points in time for each rating category. The spread comes from the discount factor of the individual corporate curves versus the discount factor of the LIBOR curve. At December 31, 2010, the credit reserve is less than $1 million on both our net derivative assets and net derivative liabilities. Considering these factors and that we do not have significant risk from our net credit exposure to derivative counterparties, the impact of credit risk is not significant to the overall fair value of our derivatives portfolio.
At December 31, 2010, 89 percent of the fair value of our derivatives portfolio expires in the next 12 months and more than 99 percent expires in the next 24 months. Our derivatives portfolio is largely comprised of exchange-traded products or like products where price transparency has not historically been a concern. Due to the nature of the markets in which we transact and the relatively short tenure of our derivatives portfolio, we do not believe it is necessary to make an adjustment for illiquidity. We regularly analyze the liquidity of the markets based on the prevalence of broker pricing and exchange pricing for products in our derivatives portfolio.
The instruments included in Level 3 at December 31, 2010, consist of natural gas index transactions that are used to manage the physical requirements of our Exploration & Production segment. The change in the overall fair value of instruments included in Level 3 primarily results from changes in commodity prices.
Exploration & Production has an unsecured credit agreement through December 2015 with certain banks that, so long as certain conditions are met, serves to reduce our usage of cash and other credit facilities for margin requirements related to instruments included in the facility.
For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, we recognized impairments of certain assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These impairment measurements are included in Level 3 as they include significant unobservable inputs, such as our estimate of future cash flows and the probabilities of alternative scenarios. (See Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)
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Results of Operations
Consolidated Overview
The following table and discussion is a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the three years ended December 31, 2010. The results of operations by segment are discussed in further detail following this consolidated overview discussion.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | | | | | $ Change | | | % Change | | | | | | | $ Change | | | % Change | | | | |
| | | | | | from | | | from | | | | | | | from | | | from | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009* | | | 2009* | | | 2009 | | | 2008* | | | 2008* | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Revenues | | $ | 9,600 | | | | +1,362 | | | | +17 | % | | $ | 8,238 | | | | -3,613 | | | | -30 | % | | $ | 11,851 | |
Costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Costs and operating expenses | | | 7,164 | | | | -1,105 | | | | -18 | % | | | 6,059 | | | | + 2,680 | | | | +31 | % | | | 8,739 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 498 | | | | +14 | | | | +3 | % | | | 512 | | | | -14 | | | | -3 | % | | | 498 | |
Impairments of goodwill and long-lived assets | | | 1,691 | | | | -1,676 | | | NM | | | | 15 | | | | -5 | | | | -50 | % | | | 10 | |
Other (income) expense — net | | | (26 | ) | | | +23 | | | NM | | | | (3 | ) | | | -223 | | | | -99 | % | | | (226 | ) |
General corporate expenses | | | 221 | | | | -57 | | | | -35 | % | | | 164 | | | | -15 | | | | -10 | % | | | 149 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total costs and expenses | | | 9,548 | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,747 | | | | | | | | | | | | 9,170 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 52 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,491 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,681 | |
Interest accrued — net | | | (581 | ) | | | +4 | | | | +1 | % | | | (585 | ) | | | -8 | | | | -1 | % | | | (577 | ) |
Investing income — net | | | 209 | | | | +163 | | | NM | | | | 46 | | | | -143 | | | | -76 | % | | | 189 | |
Early debt retirement costs | | | (606 | ) | | | -605 | | | NM | | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1 | ) |
Other income (expense) — net | | | (12 | ) | | | -14 | | | NM | | | | 2 | | | | + 2 | | | NM | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (938 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 953 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,292 | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | | | (26 | ) | | | +389 | | | NM | | | | 363 | | | | + 370 | | | | +50 | % | | | 733 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (912 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 590 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,559 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (10 | ) | | | +219 | | | | +96 | % | | | (229 | ) | | | -262 | | | NM | | | | 33 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | (922 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 361 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,592 | |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | | | 175 | | | | -99 | | | | -130 | % | | | 76 | | | | + 98 | | | | +56 | % | | | 174 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. | | $ | (1,097 | ) | | | | | | | | | | $ | 285 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,418 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
* | | + = Favorable change; — = Unfavorable change; NM = A percentage calculation is not meaningful due to a change in signs, a zero-value denominator, or a percentage change greater than 200. |
2010 vs. 2009
The increase in revenues is primarily due to higher marketing and NGL production revenues due to higher average energy commodity prices at Williams Partners. Additionally, Exploration & Production gas management and production revenues increased reflecting an increase in average natural gas prices, partially offset by a decrease in production volumes sold. NGL and olefin production revenues at Midstream Canada & Olefins also increased due to higher average per-unit prices.
The increase in costs and operating expenses is primarily due to increased marketing purchases and NGL production costs at Williams Partners, reflecting higher average energy commodity prices. Exploration & Production costs increased primarily due to increased average natural gas prices associated with gas management activities. Additionally, NGL and olefin production costs at Midstream Canada & Olefins increased due to higher average per-unit feedstock costs.
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Impairments of goodwill and long-lived assetsin 2010 primarily includes a $1 billion impairment of goodwill and $678 million of impairments of certain producing properties and acquired unproved reserves at Exploration & Production.
Impairments of goodwill and long-lived assetsin 2009 includes $15 million impairment of certain producing properties and acquired unproved reserves at Exploration & Production.
Other (income) expense — netwithinoperating income (loss)in 2010 includes:
| • | | $18 million of involuntary conversion gains at Williams Partners due to insurance recoveries that are in excess of the carrying value of assets; |
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| • | | A $12 million gain on the sale of certain assets at Williams Partners; |
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| • | | A $10 million accrual of a regulatory liability related to overcollection of certain employee expenses at Williams Partners. |
Other (income) expense — netwithinoperating income (loss)in 2009 includes:
| • | | A $40 million gain on the sale of our Cameron Meadows NGL processing plant at Williams Partners; |
|
| • | | $32 million of penalties from the early termination of certain drilling rig contracts at Exploration & Production. |
General corporate expensesin 2010 includes $45 million of transaction costs associated with our strategic restructuring transaction.
The unfavorable change inoperating income (loss)is primarily due to $1.7 billion of impairment charges in 2010 at Exploration & Production and $45 million of transaction costs in 2010 associated with our strategic restructuring transaction. The unfavorable change is partially offset by an improved energy commodity price environment in 2010 compared to 2009 and the favorable change inother (income) expense — net.
The increase ininvesting income — netis primarily due to the absence of a $75 million impairment charge in 2009 and a $43 million gain in 2010 on the sale of our 50 percent interest in Accroven at Other, a $27 million increase in equity earnings, primarily at Williams Partners, and the absence of an $11 million impairment charge in 2009 of a cost-based investment at Exploration & Production.
Early debt retirement costsin 2010 reflect costs related to corporate debt retirements associated with our first quarter strategic restructuring transaction, including premiums of $574 million.
Provision (benefit) for income taxeschanged favorably primarily due to the pre-tax loss in 2010 compared to pre-tax income in 2009. See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a reconciliation of the effective tax rates compared to the federal statutory rate for both years.
See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the items inincome (loss) from discontinued operations.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interestsincreased reflecting higher results, primarily at WPZ, due to an improved energy commodity price environment in 2010 compared to 2009 as well as the impact of the first-quarter 2009 impairments and related charges associated with our discontinued Venezuela operations.
2009 vs. 2008
Our consolidated results in 2009 declined significantly compared to 2008. These results reflect a rapid decline in energy commodity prices that began in the fourth quarter of 2008 as a result of the weakened economy. Energy commodity prices generally improved during 2009, but not to levels experienced early in 2008.
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The decrease inrevenuesis primarily due to decreased gas management and production revenues at Exploration & Production, reflecting a decrease in average natural gas prices, partially offset by an increase in production volumes sold. NGL production and marketing revenues at Williams Partners, as well as NGL and olefin production revenues at Midstream Canada & Olefins, also decreased reflecting lower average prices.
The decrease incosts and operating expensesis primarily due to decreased costs at Exploration & Production reflecting a decrease in average natural gas prices associated with gas management activities, as well as decreased marketing purchases and decreased costs associated with our NGL production businesses at Williams Partners. In addition, NGL and olefin production costs at Midstream Canada & Olefins decreased primarily due to lower average per-unit feedstock costs.
Impairments of goodwill and long-lived assetsin 2008 includes $10 million of impairments of certain gathering and transportation assets at Williams Partners.
Other (income) expense — netwithinoperating income (loss)in 2008 includes:
| • | | Gain of $148 million on the sale of our Peru interests at Exploration & Production; |
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| • | | Net gains of $39 million on foreign currency exchanges at Midstream Canada & Olefins; |
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| • | | Income of $32 million related to the partial settlement of our Gulf Liquids litigation at Midstream Canada & Olefins; |
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| • | | Gain of $10 million on the sale of certain south Texas assets at Williams Partners; |
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| • | | Income of $17 million resulting from involuntary conversion gains at Williams Partners; |
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| • | | Expense of $23 million related to project development costs at Williams Partners. |
General corporate expensesincreased primarily due to an increase in employee-related expenses, partially offset by a decrease in outside services.
The decrease inoperating income (loss)generally reflects an overall unfavorable energy commodity price environment in 2009 compared to 2008 and other changes as previously discussed.
The decrease ininvesting income — netis primarily due to a $75 million impairment charge in 2009 of our 50 percent interest in Accroven at Other and an $11 million impairment charge in 2009 of a cost-based investment at Exploration & Production. (See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.) A decrease in interest income, primarily due to lower average interest rates in 2009 compared to 2008, also contributed to the decrease ininvesting income — net.
Provision (benefit) for income taxeschanged favorably primarily due to lower pre-tax income. See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a reconciliation of the effective tax rates compared to the federal statutory rate for both years.
See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the items inincome (loss) from discontinued operations.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interestsdecreased reflecting the first-quarter 2009 impairments and related charges associated with our discontinued Venezuela operations (see Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) and the decline in WPZ’s operating results primarily driven by lower NGL margins.
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Results of Operations — Segments
Williams Partners
Our Williams Partners segment includes WPZ, our consolidated master limited partnership, which includes two interstate natural gas pipelines, as well as investments in natural gas pipeline-related companies, which serve regions from the San Juan basin in northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado to Oregon and Washington and from the Gulf of Mexico to the northeastern United States. WPZ also includes natural gas gathering and processing and treating facilities and oil gathering and transportation facilities located primarily in the Rocky Mountain and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. As of December 31, 2010, we currently own approximately 75 percent of the interests in WPZ, including the interests of the general partner, which is wholly owned by us, and incentive distribution rights.
Williams Partners’ ongoing strategy is to safely and reliably operate large-scale, interstate natural gas transmission and midstream infrastructures where our assets can be fully utilized and drive low per-unit costs. We focus on consistently attracting new business by providing highly reliable service to our customers and utilizing our low cost-of-capital to invest in growing markets, including the deepwater Gulf of Mexico, the Marcellus Shale, the western United States, and areas of increasing natural gas demand.
Williams Partners’ interstate transmission and related storage activities are subject to regulation by the FERC and as such, our rates and charges for the transportation of natural gas in interstate commerce, and the extension, expansion or abandonment of jurisdictional facilities and accounting, among other things, are subject to regulation. The rates are established through the FERC’s ratemaking process. Changes in commodity prices and volumes transported have little near-term impact on revenues because the majority of cost of service is recovered through firm capacity reservation charges in transportation rates.
Overview of 2010
Significant events during 2010 include the following:
Echo Springs Plant Expansion
New capacity from our expansion of the Echo Springs facility began service in the fourth quarter of 2010. The addition of the fourth cryogenic processing train added approximately 350 MMcf/d of processing capacity and 30 Mbbls/d of NGL production capacity, nearly doubling Echo Spring’s capacities in both cases. Approximately 70 MMcf/d of production from Exploration & Production in the Piceance basin is currently being processed at the Echo Springs facility for a volumetric-based fee. While a slow-down in Wamsutter area drilling has resulted in some unused capacity, we are exploring ways to bring more natural gas to this facility in the coming year.
Marcellus Shale Gathering Asset Acquisition
In the fourth quarter of 2010 we acquired a gathering business in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale in the Appalachian basin for $150 million. The business includes 75 miles of gathering pipelines and two compressor stations which currently gathers approximately 235 MMcf/d. We have agreed to a new long-term dedicated gathering agreement with the seller for its production in the northeast Pennsylvania area of the Marcellus Shale. The acquired system will connect into the Transco pipeline through our Springville gathering pipeline, currently under construction in the Appalachian basin.
Piceance Acquisition
During the fourth quarter of 2010, we completed the purchase of certain gathering and processing assets in the Piceance basin from Exploration & Production as discussed in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In conjunction with this purchase, we entered into a gathering and processing agreement with Exploration & Production, such that future gathering and processing revenues will be at a higher, market-based rate. Prior periods reflect gathering and processing revenues at an internal cost of service rate.
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Perdido Norte
Our Perdido Norte project, in the western deepwater of the Gulf of Mexico, began start-up of operations late in the first quarter of 2010. The project includes a 200 MMcf/d expansion of our onshore Markham gas processing facility and a total of 179 miles of deepwater oil and gas lines that expand the scale of our existing infrastructure. Shortly after an initial startup, during the second quarter, production was suspended by the operator of the deepwater producing platforms to address facility issues and the third quarter was impacted by further delays. While these issues have been resolved and both oil and gas production is currently flowing, production has been impacted in part by the drilling moratorium and the producer’s technical issues, and has not increased as quickly as expected. We anticipate volumes to increase significantly, however, during 2011.
Impact of Gulf Oil Spill
Our transportation and processing assets in the Gulf of Mexico were not physically impacted by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Operations are normal at all facilities, and we did not experience any operational or logistical issues that hindered the safety of our employees or facilities. The drilling moratorium, in force from May to October, in the Gulf of Mexico impacted the financial performance of our operations through production delays which reduced natural gas and oil growth volumes in 2010. Protracted delays in permitting and drilling could continue to impact our future growth volumes. While we continue to carefully monitor the events and business environment in the Gulf of Mexico for potential negative impacts, we also continue to pursue major expansion and growth opportunities in that region.
Overland Pass Pipeline
In September 2010, we completed the $424 million acquisition of an additional 49 percent ownership interest in OPPL, which increased our ownership interest to 50 percent. In 2006, we entered into an agreement to develop new pipeline capacity for transporting NGLs from production areas in the Rocky Mountain area to central Kansas. Our partner reimbursed us for the development costs we had incurred for the proposed pipeline and acquired 99 percent of the pipeline. We retained a 1 percent interest and the option to increase our ownership to 50 percent within two years of the pipeline becoming operational in November of 2008. As long as we retain a 50 percent ownership interest in OPPL, we have the right to become operator. We have notified our partner of our intent to operate and are currently working on an early 2011 transition. Work is also under way to determine optimal expansions to serve producers in the OPPL corridor. OPPL includes a 760-mile NGL pipeline from Opal, Wyoming, to the Mid-Continent NGL market center in Conway, Kansas, along with 150- and 125-mile extensions into the Piceance and Denver-Joules basins in Colorado, respectively. Our equity NGL volumes from our two Wyoming plants and our Willow Creek facility in Colorado are dedicated for transport on OPPL under a long-term shipping agreement.
Volatile commodity prices
Average per-unit NGL margins in 2010 are significantly higher than in 2009, benefiting from a period of increasing average NGL prices while abundant natural gas supplies limited the increase in natural gas prices. Benefits from favorable natural gas price differentials in the Rocky Mountain area have narrowed since the second quarter of 2009 such that our realized per-unit margins are only slightly greater than that of the industry benchmarks for natural gas processed in the Henry Hub area and for liquids fractionated and sold at Mont Belvieu, Texas.
NGL margins are defined as NGL revenues less any applicable BTU replacement cost, plant fuel, and third-party transportation and fractionation. Per-unit NGL margins are calculated based on sales of our own equity volumes at the processing plants.
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Williams Pipeline Partners L.P.
During the third quarter, WPZ consummated its merger with WMZ. As a result, WMZ is wholly owned by WPZ and is no longer publicly traded.
Mobile Bay South project
In May 2010, a compression facility in Alabama allowing natural gas pipeline transportation service to various southbound delivery points was placed into service. The cost of the project was $32 million and increased capacity by 254 thousand dekatherms per day (Mdt/d).
Sundance Trail project
In November 2009, approval was received from the FERC to construct approximately 16 miles of 30-inch pipeline between existing compressor stations in Wyoming. The project also includes an upgrade to the existing compressor station. The total estimated cost of the project is approximately $50 million. The project was placed in service in November 2010 with an increase in capacity of 150 Mdt/d.
Outlook for 2011
The following factors could impact our business in 2011.
Commodity price changes
| • | | We expect our average per-unit NGL margins in 2011 to be higher than our rolling five-year average per-unit NGL margins. NGL price changes have historically tracked somewhat with changes in the price of crude oil, although NGL, crude and natural gas prices are highly volatile and difficult to predict. NGL margins are highly dependent upon continued demand within the global economy. However, NGL products are currently the preferred feedstock for ethylene and propylene production, which has been shifting away from the more expensive crude-based feedstocks. Bolstered by abundant long-term domestic natural gas supplies, we expect to benefit from these dynamics in the broader global petrochemical markets. |
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Gathering, processing, and NGL sales volumes
| • | | The growth of natural gas supplies supporting our gathering and processing volumes are impacted by producer drilling activities. |
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| • | | We anticipate growth in our onshore businesses’ gas gathering and processing volumes as our infrastructure grows to support drilling activities in the Piceance and Appalachian basins. However, we anticipate no change or slight declines in basins in the Rocky Mountain and Four Corners areas due to reduced drilling activity. Due to the high proportion of fee-based processing agreements in the Piceance basin, we anticipate only a slight increase in NGL equity sales volumes. |
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| • | | In our Gulf Coast businesses, we expect higher gas gathering, processing and crude transportation volumes as our Perdido Norte pipelines move into a full year of operation and other in-process drilling is completed. However, permitting and production delays related to the drilling moratorium which was in force from May to October, 2010 continue to hamper growth. While we expect an overall increase in processed gas volumes in 2011, NGL equity volumes are expected to be lower as we anticipate a major contract to change from keep-whole to fee-based processing. |
Expansion projects
We have planned capital and investment expenditures of $1,090 million to $1,370 million in 2011 including expenditures related to our newly acquired gathering system in the Marcellus Shale as well as our Laurel Mountain Midstream, LLC (Laurel Mountain) equity investment. We also plan to pursue major expansion and growth opportunities in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as in the Piceance basin in conjunction with both Exploration & Production’s and third-party drilling programs. The ongoing major expansion projects include:
85 North
An expansion of our existing natural gas transmission system from Alabama to various delivery points as far north as North Carolina. The cost of the project is estimated to be approximately $236 million. Phase I service was placed into service in July 2010 and increased capacity by 90 Mdt/d. Phase II service is anticipated to begin in May 2011 and will increase capacity by 219 Mdt/d.
Mobile Bay South II
Additional compression facilities and modifications to existing facilities in Alabama allowing natural gas transportation service to various southbound delivery points. In July 2010, we received approval from the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Construction began in October 2010 and is estimated to cost $35 million. The estimated project in-service date is May 2011 and will increase capacity by 380 Mdt/d.
Mid-South
In October 2010, we filed an application with the FERC to upgrade compressor facilities and expand our existing natural gas transmission system from Alabama to markets as far north as North Carolina. The cost of the project is estimated to be $219 million. The project is expected to be phased into service in September 2012 and June 2013, with an increase in capacity of 225 Mdt/d.
Mid-Atlantic Connector
In November 2010, we filed an application with the FERC to expand our existing natural gas transmission system from North Carolina to markets as far downstream as Maryland. The cost of the project is estimated to be $55 million and will increase capacity by 142 Mdt/d. We plan to place the project into service in November 2012.
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Marcellus Shale
In the Appalachian basin, $150 million was added to our planned expansion capital to fund the 2011 construction phase of additional gathering assets, including compression and dehydration. In conjunction with a long-term agreement with a significant producer, we will construct and operate a 33-mile natural gas gathering pipeline in the Marcellus Shale region which will connect our recently acquired gathering assets in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale into the Transco pipeline. In order to pursue future opportunities, the project has been increased from a 20-inch diameter to a 24-inch diameter pipeline. Construction on the pipeline is expected to begin in the first quarter of 2011 and be completed during 2011.
Laurel Mountain
Capital to be invested within our Laurel Mountain Midstream, LLC (Laurel Mountain) equity investment to enable the rapid expansion of our gathering system including the initial stages of projects that are planned to provide approximately 1.5 Bcf/d of gathering capacity and 1,400 miles of gathering lines, including 400 new miles of 6-inch to 24-inch diameter pipeline. Construction has begun on our Shamrock compressor station with an initial capacity of 60 MMcf/d, expandable to 350 MMcf/d, which will likely be the largest central delivery point out of the Laurel Mountain system.
We have several other proposed projects to meet customer demands in addition to the various in-progress expansion projects previously discussed. Subject to regulatory approvals, construction of some of these projects could begin in 2011.
Year-Over-Year Operating Results
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Segment revenues | | $ | 5,715 | | | $ | 4,602 | | | $ | 5,847 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Segment profit | | $ | 1,574 | | | $ | 1,317 | | | $ | 1,425 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
2010 vs. 2009
The increase insegment revenuesincludes:
| • | | A $699 million increase in marketing revenues primarily due to higher average NGL and crude prices. These changes are more than offset by similar changes in marketing purchases. |
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| • | | A $330 million increase in revenues associated with the production of NGLs reflecting an increase of $335 million associated with a 41 percent increase in average NGL per-unit sales prices. |
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| • | | A $56 million increase in fee revenues primarily due to higher gathering revenue in the Piceance basin as a result of permitted increases in the cost-of-service gathering rate in 2010 |
The increase in segment costs and expensesof $884 million includes:
| • | | A $721 million increase in marketing purchases primarily due to higher average NGL and crude prices. These changes are substantially offset by similar changes in marketing revenues. |
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| • | | A $107 million increase in costs associated with the production of NGLs reflecting an increase of $101 million associated with a 30 percent increase in average natural gas prices. |
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| • | | A $19 million increase in operating costs including $12 million higher depreciation primarily due to the new Perdido Norte pipelines and a full year of depreciation on our Willow Creek facility which was placed into service in the latter part of 2009. |
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| • | | A $14 million unfavorable change related to the disposal of assets reflecting the absence of a $40 million gain on the sale of our Cameron Meadows processing plant in 2009, partially offset by smaller gains in 2010. Gains recognized in 2010 include involuntary conversion gains due to insurance recoveries in excess of the carrying value of our Gulf assets which were damaged by Hurricane Ike in 2008 and our Ignacio plant, which was damaged by a fire in 2007, as well as gains associated with sales of certain assets in Colorado’s Piceance basin. |
The increase in William Partners’segment profitincludes:
| • | | $223 million of higher NGL production margins reflecting higher NGL prices, partially offset by increased production costs associated with higher natural gas prices. NGL equity volumes were slightly higher due primarily to new production at Willow Creek, partially offset by the absence of favorable customer contractual changes and decreasing inventory levels in 2009. |
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| • | | $28 million increase in equity earnings, including a $10 million increase from Discovery primarily due to higher processing margins and new volumes from the Tahiti pipeline lateral expansion completed in 2009. In addition, equity earnings from Aux Sable Liquid Products LP (Aux Sable) are $10 million higher primarily due to higher processing margins, and equity earnings from our increased investment in OPPL were $5 million. |
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| • | | A $56 million increase in fee revenues as previously discussed. |
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| • | | A $22 million decrease in margins related to the marketing of NGLs and crude primarily due to lower favorable changes in pricing while product was in transit in 2010 as compared to 2009. |
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| • | | A $19 million increase in operating costs as previously discussed. |
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| • | | A $14 million unfavorable change related to the disposal of assets as previously discussed |
2009 vs. 2008
The decrease in segment revenues includes:
| • | | A $716 million decrease in revenues associated with the production of NGLs primarily due to lower average NGL prices. |
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| • | | A $513 million decrease in marketing revenues primarily due to lower average NGL and crude prices, partially offset by higher NGL volumes. |
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| • | | A $53 million decrease in revenues from lower transportation imbalance settlements in 2009 compared to 2008 (offset in costs and operating expenses). |
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| • | | A $65 million increase in fee revenues primarily due to higher volumes resulting from connecting new supplies in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico in the latter part of 2008 and new fees for processing the Exploration & Production segment’s natural gas production at Willow Creek. |
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| • | | A $17 million increase in transportation revenues associated with expansion projects placed into service in 2009. |
The decrease in segment costs and expensesof $1,132 million includes:
| • | | A $643 million decrease in marketing purchases primarily due to lower average NGL and crude prices, including the absence of a $9 million charge in 2008 to write down the value of NGL inventories, partially offset by higher NGL volumes. |
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| • | | A $435 million decrease in costs associated with the production of NGLs primarily due to lower average natural gas prices. |
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| • | | A $53 million decrease in costs associated with lower transportation imbalance settlements in 2009 compared to 2008 (offset in segment revenues). |
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| • | | A $40 million gain on the 2009 sale of our Cameron Meadows processing plant. |
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| • | | The absence of $17 million of charges in 2008 related to an impairment, asset abandonments, and asset retirement obligations. |
The decrease in William Partners’ segment profit includes:
| • | | $281 million of lower NGL production margins reflecting a decrease in energy commodity prices in 2009 compared to 2008. |
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| • | | $124 million in higher margins related to the marketing of NGLs primarily due to favorable changes in pricing while product was in transit during 2009 as compared to significant unfavorable changes in pricing while product was in transit in 2008 and the absence of a $9 million charge in 2008 to write down the value of NGL inventories. |
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| • | | A $40 million gain in 2009 on the sale of our Cameron Meadows processing plant, partially offset by the absence of a $5 million involuntary conversion gain in 2008 related to our Cameron Meadows plant. |
Exploration & Production
Exploration & Production includes the natural gas development, production and gas management activities primarily in the Rocky Mountain and Mid-Continent regions of the United States, natural gas development activities in the northeastern portion of the United States, oil and natural gas interests in South America, and more recently, oil development activities in the northern United States. The gas management activities include procuring fuel and shrink gas for our midstream businesses and providing marketing services to third parties, such as producers. Additionally, gas management activities include the managing of various natural gas related contracts such as transportation, storage and related hedges.
Overview of 2010
Domestic production revenues for 2010 were higher than 2009 primarily due to higher realized average prices on our natural gas production, partially offset by lower production volumes.Segment profit (loss)for 2010 includes approximately $1.7 billion in impairments of natural gas properties and goodwill (see further discussion below), while 2009 included expense of $32 million associated with contractual penalties from the early termination of drilling rig contracts. Highlights of the comparative periods, primarily related to our production activities, include:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | % Change |
Average daily domestic production (MMcfe) | | | 1,121 | | | | 1,170 | | | | -4 | % |
Average daily total production (MMcfe) | | | 1,174 | | | | 1,224 | | | | -4 | % |
Domestic production realized average price ($/Mcfe)(1) | | $ | 5.24 | | | $ | 4.87 | | | | +8 | % |
Capital expenditures and acquisitions($ millions) | | $ | 2,822 | | | $ | 1,289 | | | | +119 | % |
Domestic production revenues ($ millions) | | $ | 2,144 | | | $ | 2,079 | | | | +3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment revenues ($ millions) | | $ | 4,026 | | | $ | 3,667 | | | | +10 | % |
Segment profit (loss) ($ millions) | | $ | (1,335 | ) | | $ | 401 | | | NM |
| | |
(1) | | Realized average prices include market prices, net of fuel and shrink and hedge gains and losses. The realized hedge gain per Mcfe was $0.81 and $1.44 for 2010 and 2009, respectively. |
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During the second quarter of 2010, we entered into an agreement to acquire additional leasehold acreage positions and a 5 percent overriding royalty interest associated with these acreage positions. These acquisitions nearly double our acreage holdings in the Marcellus Shale and closed in July for $599 million, including closing adjustments. During 2010, we also spent a total of $164 million to acquire additional unproved leasehold acreage in the Marcellus Shale.
During the fourth quarter of 2010, we acquired a company that holds a major acreage position (approximately 85,800 net acres, most of which is undeveloped) in North Dakota’s Bakken Shale oil play (Williston basin) that will diversify our interests into light, sweet crude oil production. The purchase price was approximately $949 million, including closing adjustments.
During the fourth quarter of 2010, we completed the sale of certain gathering and processing assets in the Piceance basin to WPZ for consideration of $702 million in cash and approximately 1.8 million common units. See Note 1 in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In conjunction with this sale, we entered into a gathering and processing agreement with WPZ. Gathering and processing costs prior to the sale reflect an internal cost-of-service rate. Subsequent to the closing date of the sale, gathering and processing costs will be at a higher, market-based rate.
As a result of significant declines in forward natural gas prices during third quarter 2010, we performed an interim assessment of our capitalized costs related to property and goodwill. As a result of these assessments, we recorded a $503 million impairment charge related to the capitalized costs of our Barnett Shale properties and a $175 million impairment charge related to capitalized costs of acquired unproved reserves in the Piceance Highlands, which were acquired in 2008. Additionally, we fully impaired our goodwill in the amount of $1 billion. These impairments were based on our assessment of estimated future discounted cash flows and other information. See Notes 4 and 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of the impairments.
During first-quarter 2011, we initiated a formal process to pursue the divestiture of our holdings in the Arkoma basin. As these assets are currently held for sale, will be eliminated from our ongoing operations, and we will not have any significant continuing involvement, we reported the results of operations and financial position of the Arkoma operations as discontinued operations. The information presented here relates only to our continuing operations. Our Arkoma production is approximately 10 MMcfd, or less than one percent of our total domestic and international production.
Outlook for 2011
We have the following expectations for 2011:
| • | | Natural gas prices to remain at levels similar to 2010. |
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| • | | Increase capital expenditures in 2011 over levels (before acquisitions) in 2010 to develop positions that were acquired in the Appalachian and Williston basins in 2010. |
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| • | | Continuation of our development drilling program in the Appalachian, Piceance, Fort Worth, Powder River, and San Juan basins. Our total capital expenditures for 2011 are projected to be between $1.15 billion and $1.75 billion. We expect to maintain three to five drilling rigs in our newly acquired Williston basin properties with related capital expenditures expected to be between $200 million and $300 million. |
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| • | | Annual average daily domestic production expected to increase approximately 9 percent over 2010. |
Risks to achieving our expectations include unfavorable energy commodity price movements which are impacted by numerous factors, including weather conditions, domestic natural gas, oil and NGL production levels and demand. A significant decline in natural gas, oil and NGL prices would impact these expectations for 2011, although the impact would be somewhat mitigated by our hedging program, which hedges a significant portion of our expected production. In addition, changes in laws and regulations may impact our development drilling program.
Purchase Commitments
In connection with a gathering agreement entered into by Williams Partners with a third party in December 2010, we concurrently agreed to buy up to 200,000 MMBtu/d of natural gas priced at market prices from the same
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third party. Purchases under the 12-year contract are expected to begin in the third quarter of 2011. We expect to sell this natural gas in the open market and may utilize available transportation capacity to facilitate the sales.
Commodity Price Risk Strategy
To manage the commodity price risk and volatility of owning producing gas and oil properties, we enter into derivative contracts for a portion of our future production. For 2011, we have the following contracts for our daily domestic production, shown at weighted average volumes and basin-level weighted average prices:
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| | 2011 Natural Gas |
| | | | | | Price ($/Mcf) |
| | Volume | | Floor-Ceiling for |
| | (MMcf/d) | | Collars |
Collar agreements — Rockies | | | 45 | | | $ | 5.30 - $7.10 | |
Collar agreements — San Juan | | | 90 | | | $ | 5.27 - $7.06 | |
Collar agreements — Mid-Continent | | | 80 | | | $ | 5.10 - $7.00 | |
Collar agreements — Southern California | | | 30 | | | $ | 5.83 - $7.56 | |
Collar agreements — Appalachia | | | 30 | | | $ | 6.50 - $8.14 | |
Fixed price at basin swaps | | | 368 | | | $ | 5.21 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 Crude Oil |
| | Volume | | |
| | (Bbls/d) | | |
| | (Feb-Dec) | | Price ($/Bbl) |
WTI Crude Oil fixed-price (entered into first-quarter 2011) | | | 3,073 | | | | 95.13 | |
The following is a summary of our agreements and contracts for daily domestic production shown at weighted average volumes and basin-level weighted average prices for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008:
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| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
| | | | | | Price ($/Mcf) | | | | | | Price ($/Mcf) | | | | | | Price ($/Mcf) |
| | Volume | | Floor-Ceiling | | Volume | | Floor-Ceiling | | Volume | | Floor-Ceiling |
| | (MMcf/d) | | for Collars | | (MMcf/d) | | for Collars | | (MMcf/d) | | for Collars |
Collars — Rockies | | | 100 | | | $ | 6.53 - $8.94 | | | | 150 | | | $ | 6.11 - $9.04 | | | | 170 | | | $ | 6.16 - $9.14 | |
Collars — San Juan | | | 233 | | | $ | 5.75 - $7.82 | | | | 245 | | | $ | 6.58 - $9.62 | | | | 202 | | | $ | 6.35 - $8.96 | |
Collars — Mid-Continent | | | 105 | | | $ | 5.37 - $7.41 | | | | 95 | | | $ | 7.08 - $9.73 | | | | 63 | | | $ | 7.02 - $9.72 | |
Collars — Southern California | | | 45 | | | $ | 4.80 - $6.43 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Collars — Other | | | 28 | | | $ | 5.63 - $6.87 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
NYMEX and basis fixed-price | | | 120 | | | $ | 4.40 | | | | 106 | | | $ | 3.67 | | | | 70 | | | $ | 3.97 | |
Additionally, we utilize contracted pipeline capacity to move our production from the Rockies to other locations when pricing differentials are favorable to Rockies pricing. We hold a long-term obligation to deliver on a firm basis 200,000 MMbtu per day of gas to a buyer at the White River Hub (Greasewood-Meeker, CO), which is the major market hub exiting the Piceance basin. Our interests in the Piceance basin hold sufficient reserves to meet this obligation.
Year-Over-Year Operating Results
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| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Segment revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Domestic production revenues | | $ | 2,144 | | | $ | 2,079 | | | $ | 2,785 | |
Gas management revenues | | | 1,743 | | | | 1,456 | | | | 3,244 | |
Hedge ineffectiveness and mark-to-market gains and losses | | | 27 | | | | 18 | | | | 29 | |
Other revenues | | | 112 | | | | 114 | | | | 98 | |
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Total segment revenues | | $ | 4,026 | | | $ | 3,667 | | | $ | 6,156 | |
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Segment profit (loss) | | $ | (1,335 | ) | | $ | 401 | | | $ | 1,401 | |
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2010 vs. 2009
The increase in totalsegment revenuesis primarily due to the following:
| • | | The increase in domestic production revenues reflects an increase of $153 million associated with an 8 percent increase in realized average prices including the effect of hedges, partially offset by a decrease of $88 million associated with a 4 percent decrease in production volumes sold. Production revenues in 2010 and 2009 include approximately $202 million and $93 million, respectively, related to NGLs and approximately $57 million and $38 million, respectively, related to condensate. The increase related to NGLs is primarily due to higher volumes in the Piceance basin processed by Williams Partners’ Willow Creek facility, which was placed into service in the latter part of 2009; |
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| • | | The increase in gas management revenues is primarily due to an increase in physical natural gas revenue as a result of a 21 percent increase in average prices on physical natural gas sales. This is primarily related to gas sales associated with our transportation and storage contracts and is offset by a similar increase insegment costs and expenses. |
Totalsegment costs and expensesincreased $2,097 million, primarily due to the following:
| • | | $1,681 million due to 2010 impairments of property and goodwill as previously discussed. In 2009, $15 million of impairments were recorded in the Fort Worth basin; |
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| • | | $278 million increase in gas management expenses, primarily due to an 19 percent increase in average prices on physical natural gas purchases. This increase is primarily related to the gas purchases associated with our previously discussed transportation and storage contracts and is more than offset by a similar increase insegment revenues. Gas management expenses in 2010 and 2009 include $48 million and $21 million, respectively, related to charges for unutilized pipeline capacity; |
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| • | | $77 million higher gathering, processing, and transportation expenses primarily as a result of processing natural gas liquids at Williams Partners’ Willow Creek plant, which began processing in August 2009, and higher rates charged on gathering and processing associated with certain gathering and processing assets in the Piceance basin that were sold to WPZ in the fourth quarter of 2010; |
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| • | | $44 million higher severance and ad valorem taxes primarily due to higher average market prices, excluding the impact of hedges; |
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| • | | $31 million higher lease and other operating expenses primarily due to increased workover and maintenance activity; |
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| • | | $25 million higher depreciation, depletion, and amortization expenses primarily due to a change in prior production volumes and higher depreciable costs used in the calculation of depreciation, depletion, and amortization expenses. |
Partially offsetting the increased costs is a decrease due to the absence of $32 million of expenses in 2009 related to penalties from the early release of drilling rigs as previously discussed.
The $1,736 million decrease in segment profit (loss)is primarily due to the impairments, partially offset by an 8 percent increase in realized average domestic prices on production and the other previously discussed changes insegment revenuesandsegment costs and expenses.
2009 vs. 2008
The decrease in totalsegment revenuesis primarily due to the following:
| • | | $706 million, or 25 percent, decrease in domestic production revenues reflecting $930 million associated with a 31 percent decrease in realized average prices, partially offset by an increase of $224 million associated with an 8 percent increase in production volumes sold. Production revenues in 2009 and 2008 include approximately $93 million and $85 million, respectively, related to NGLs and approximately $38 million and $62 million, respectively, related to condensate. While NGL volumes were significantly higher than the prior year, NGL prices were significantly lower; |
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| • | | $1,788 million, or 55 percent, decrease in gas management revenues primarily due to a decrease in physical natural gas revenue as a result of a 56 percent decrease in average prices on physical natural gas sales, slightly offset by a 2 percent increase in natural gas sales volumes. This is primarily related to gas sales associated with our transportation and storage contracts and is substantially offset by a similar decrease insegment costs and expenses. |
The decrease innet forward unrealized mark-to-market gains (losses) and ineffectivenessis primarily related to the absence of a $10 million favorable impact in 2008 for the initial consideration of our own nonperformance risk in estimating the fair value of our derivative liabilities.
Totalsegment costs and expensesdecreased $1,491 million, primarily due to the following:
| • | | $1,752 million decrease in gas management expenses, primarily due to a 55 percent decrease in average prices on physical natural gas purchases, slightly offset by a 2 percent increase in natural gas purchase volumes. This decrease is primarily related to the gas purchases associated with our previously discussed transportation and storage contracts and is more than offset by a similar decrease insegment revenues. Gas management expenses in 2009 and 2008 include $21 million and $8 million, respectively, related to charges for unutilized pipeline capacity. Gas management expenses in 2009 and 2008 also include $7 million and $35 million, respectively, related to adjustments to the carrying value of natural gas inventories in storage; |
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| • | | $165 million lower operating taxes due primarily to 56 percent lower average market prices (excluding the impact of hedges), partially offset by higher production volumes sold. The lower operating taxes include a net decrease of $39 million reflecting a $34 million charge in 2008 and $5 million of favorable revisions in 2009 relating to Wyoming severance and ad valorem tax issues. |
Partially offsetting the decreased costs are increases due to the following:
| • | | The absence of a $148 million gain recorded in 2008 associated with the sale of our Peru interests; |
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| • | | $157 million higher depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense primarily due to the impact of higher capitalized drilling costs from prior years and higher production volumes compared to the prior year. Also, we recorded an additional $17 million of depreciation, depletion, and amortization in the fourth quarter of 2009 primarily due to new SEC reserves reporting rules. Our proved reserves decreased primarily due to the new SEC reserves reporting rules and the related price impact; |
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| • | | $57 million higher gathering, processing and transportation expense primarily due to higher production volumes and the processing fees for natural gas liquids at Williams Partners’ Willow Creek plant, which began processing in August 2009; |
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| • | | $32 million of expense related to penalties from the early release of drilling rigs as previously discussed; |
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| • | | $30 million higher exploratory expense in 2009, primarily related to $20 million of increased seismic costs and $11 million related to higher amortization and the write-off of lease acquisition costs. Dry hole costs for 2009 and 2008 were $11 million and $12 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, we have approximately $14 million of capitalized drilling costs and $24 million of undeveloped leasehold costs related to continuing exploratory activities in the Paradox basin; |
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| • | | $15 million of impairment costs in the Fort Worth basin during 2009 related to costs of acquired unproved reserves resulting from a 2008 acquisition. This impairment was based on our assessment of estimated future discounted cash flows and additional information obtained from drilling and other activities in 2009. |
The $1 billion decrease in segment profit is primarily due to the 31 percent decrease in realized average domestic prices and the other previously discussed changes in segment revenues and segment costs and expenses.
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Midstream Canada & Olefins
Our Midstream Canada & Olefins segment includes our oil sands off-gas processing plant near Fort McMurray, Alberta, our NGL/olefin fractionation facility and butylene/butane splitter (B/B splitter) facility at Redwater, Alberta, our NGL light-feed olefins cracker in Geismar, Louisiana along with associated ethane and propane pipelines, and our refinery grade splitter in Louisiana. The products we produce are: NGLs, ethylene, propylene, and other olefin by-products. Our NGL products include: propane, normal butane, isobutane/butylene (butylene), and condensate. Prior to the operation of the B/B splitter, we also produced and sold butylene/butane mix product which is now separated and sold as butylene and normal butane.
Significant events for 2010 include the following:
Completion of the butylene/butane splitter facility in Canada
The new butylene/butane splitter and hydro-treating facility was placed into service in August 2010. The butylene/butane splitter further fractionates the butylene/butane mix product produced at our Redwater fractionators near Edmonton, Alberta, into separate butylene and butane products, which receive higher values and are in greater demand. The source of the product fractionated at Redwater is our oil sands off-gas extraction facility near Ft. McMurray, Alberta.
Outlook for 2011
The following factors could impact our business in 2011.
Commodity price changes
We anticipate average per-unit margins in 2011 will be consistent with the 2010 levels. Margins are highly dependent upon continued demand within the global economy. NGL products are currently the preferred feedstock for ethylene and propylene production which has been shifting away from the more expensive crude-based feedstocks. Bolstered by abundant long-term domestic natural gas supplies, we expect to benefit from these dynamics in the broader global petrochemical markets because of our NGL-based olefins production.
Allocation of capital to projects
We expect to spend $350 million to $450 million in 2011 on capital projects. The major expansion projects include a 12-inch diameter pipeline in Canada, which will transport recovered NGLs and olefins from our extraction plant in Ft. McMurray to our Redwater fractionation facility. The pipeline will have sufficient capacity to transport additional recovered liquids in excess of those from our current agreements. Construction has begun and we anticipate an in-service date in 2012.
Year-Over-Year Operating Results
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| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Segment revenues | | $ | 1,033 | | | $ | 753 | | | $ | 1,233 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Segment profit | | $ | 172 | | | $ | 37 | | | $ | 112 | |
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2010 vs. 2009
Segment revenuesincreased primarily due to:
| • | | $307 million higher NGL and olefins production revenues resulting from higher average per-unit prices. The new butylene/butane splitter began producing and selling both butylene and butane in August 2010 and resulted in $22 million additional sales revenues over the 2009 butylene/butane mix product sold. |
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| • | | $27 million higher marketing revenues due to general increases in energy commodity prices on slightly higher volumes. The higher marketing revenues were more than offset by similar changes in marketing purchases described below. |
Partially offsetting the increased revenue was a $57 million decrease from lower sales volumes primarily due to:
| • | | 11 percent lower Gulf ethylene sales volumes, including the impact of a four-week plant maintenance outage at our Geismar plant during the fourth quarter of 2010. |
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| • | | 12 percent lower propylene volumes sold primarily due to the absence of certain large 2009 propylene inventory sales and lower volumes available for processing at our Gulf propylene splitter. |
Segment costs and expensesincreased $145 million primarily as a result of:
| • | | $156 million higher NGL and olefins production product costs resulting from higher average per-unit feedstock costs. |
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| • | | $29 million increased marketing purchases due to general increases in energy commodity prices on slightly higher volumes. The increased marketing purchases more than offset similar changes in marketing revenues. |
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| • | | $9 million higher operating and general and administrative costs. |
Partially offsetting the increased costs are decreases due to:
| • | | $45 million of reduced product costs resulting from the lower sales volumes described above. |
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| • | | $6 million favorable customer settlement in 2010. |
Segment profitincreased primarily due to $139 million higher NGL and olefins production margins resulting from significantly higher average per-unit margins on lower volumes.
2009 vs. 2008
Segment revenuesdecreased primarily due to:
| • | | A $457 million decrease in NGL and olefins production revenues resulting from lower average product prices, partially offset by higher volumes. |
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| • | | A $19 million decrease in marketing revenues primarily due to lower average NGL and olefin prices, partially offset by higher NGL and olefin volumes. |
Segment costs and expensesdecreased $406 million primarily as a result of:
| • | | A $445 million decrease in costs in our NGL and olefins production business primarily due to lower per-unit feedstock costs, including the absence of an $11 million charge in 2008 to write-down the value of olefin inventories, partially offset by higher volumes. |
| • | | A $34 million decrease in marketing purchases primarily due to lower average NGL and olefin prices, including the absence of an $11 million charge in 2008 to write-down the value of our NGL inventories, partially offset by higher volumes. |
These decreases were partially offset by:
| • | | A $41 million unfavorable change due to foreign currency exchange gains in 2008 related to the revaluation of current assets held in U.S. dollars within our Canadian operations. |
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| • | | The absence of $32 million of income in 2008 related to the partial settlement of our Gulf Liquids litigation (see Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). |
Segment profitdecreased primarily due to:
| • | | A $41 million unfavorable change due to foreign currency exchange gains in 2008 related to the revaluation of current assets held in U.S. dollars within our Canadian operations. |
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| • | | The absence of $32 million of income in 2008 related to the partial settlement of our Gulf Liquids litigation. |
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| • | | A $12 million decrease in NGL and olefins production margins primarily due to lower average prices, partially offset by lower per-unit feedstock costs, including the absence of an $11 million charge in 2008 to write-down the value of olefin production inventories, and higher volumes in 2009 related to the impact of third-party operational issues in 2008 that reduced off-gas supplies to our plant in Canada. |
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| • | | The absence of an $8 million gain recognized in 2008 related to a final earn-out payment on a 2005 asset sale. |
These decreases were partially offset by $15 million higher marketing margins in our NGL and olefins production business primarily due to the absence of an $11 million charge in 2008 to write-down the value of NGL inventories.
Other
Other includes business activities that are not operating segments, primarily a 25.5 percent interest in Gulfstream, as well as corporate operations.
Significant events for 2010 include the following:
Sale of Accroven
Considering the deteriorating circumstances in Venezuela, in 2009 we fully impaired our $75 million investment in Accroven SRL, a Venezuelan operation. (See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.) In June of 2010, we sold our 50 percent interest in Accroven to the state-owned oil company, Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA) for $107 million. Of this amount, $13 million was received in cash at closing and another $30 million was received in August 2010. The remainder is due in six quarterly payments beginning October 31, 2010. The first quarterly payment of $11 million was received in January 2011 and will be recognized as income in 2011. We will continue to recognize the resulting gain as cash is received. Accroven was not part of our operations that were expropriated by the Venezuelan government in May 2009.
Year-Over-Year Operating Results
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Segment revenues | | $ | 24 | | | $ | 27 | | | $ | 24 | |
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Segment profit (loss) | | $ | 68 | | | $ | (39 | ) | | $ | 30 | |
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2010 vs. 2009
The favorable change insegment profit (loss)is primarily due to the net impact of recognizing $43 million in gains on the Accroven investment in 2010 while recording a $75 million impairment charge on that investment in 2009.
2009 vs. 2008
The unfavorable change in segment profit (loss) was primarily due to a $75 million loss from investment related to the 2009 impairment of our investment in Accroven.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Liquidity
Overview
In 2010, we continued to focus upon growth through disciplined investments in our businesses. Examples of this growth included:
| • | | Continued investment in Exploration & Production’s development drilling programs, as well as acquisitions that expanded our presence in the Marcellus Shale and provided our initial entry into the Bakken Shale areas. |
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| • | | Expansion of Williams Partners’ interstate natural gas pipeline system to meet the demand of growth markets. |
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| • | | Continued investment in Williams Partners’ deepwater Gulf expansion projects, gas processing capacity in the western United States, infrastructure in the Marcellus Shale area and increased ownership in OPPL. |
These investments were funded through cash flow from operations, debt and equity offerings at WPZ and cash on hand.
During 2010, the overall economic recession has impacted us. In consideration of our liquidity under these conditions, we note the following:
| • | | As of December 31, 2010, we have approximately $800 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $2.7 billion of available credit capacity under our credit facilities. Our $900 million credit facility does not expire until May 2012, and WPZ’s $1.75 billion credit facility does not expire until February 2013. Additionally, Exploration & Production has an unsecured credit agreement that serves to reduce our margin requirements related to our hedging activities. (See additional discussion in the following Available Liquidity section.) |
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| • | | Our credit exposure to derivative counterparties is partially mitigated by master netting agreements and collateral support. (See Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.) |
Outlook
For 2011, we expect operating cash flows to be stronger than 2010 levels. Lower-than-expected energy commodity prices would be somewhat mitigated by certain of our cash flow streams that are substantially insulated from short-term changes in commodity prices as follows:
| • | | Firm demand and capacity reservation transportation revenues under long-term contracts from our gas pipelines; |
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| • | | Hedged natural gas sales at Exploration & Production related to a significant portion of its production; |
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| • | | Fee-based revenues from certain gathering and processing services in our midstream businesses. |
We believe we have, or have access to, the financial resources and liquidity necessary to meet our requirements for working capital, capital and investment expenditures, and tax and debt payments while maintaining a sufficient level of liquidity. In particular, we note the following assumptions for the year:
| • | | We expect to maintain consolidated liquidity (which includes liquidity at WPZ) of at least $1 billion fromcash and cash equivalentsand unused revolving credit facilities; |
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| • | | We expect to fund capital and investment expenditures, debt payments, dividends, and working capital requirements primarily through cash flow from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, utilization of our revolving credit facilities, and proceeds from debt issuances and sales of equity securities as needed. Based on a range of market assumptions, we currently estimate our cash flow from operations will be between $2.5 billion and $3.3 billion in 2011; |
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| • | | We expect capital and investment expenditures to total between $3.125 billion and $4.125 billion in 2011. Of this total, a significant portion of Williams Partners’ expected expenditures of $1.58 billion to $1.905 billion are considered nondiscretionary to meet legal, regulatory, and/or contractual requirements or to fund committed growth projects. Exploration & Production’s expected expenditures of $1.15 billion to $1.75 billion are considered primarily discretionary. Midstream Canada & Olefins’ expected expenditures of $350 million to $450 million are considered primarily nondiscretionary. See Results of Operations — Segments, Williams Partners, Exploration & Production, and Midstream Canada & Olefins for discussions describing the general nature of these expenditures. |
Potential risks associated with our planned levels of liquidity and the planned capital and investment expenditures discussed above include:
| • | | Sustained reductions in energy commodity prices from the range of current expectations; |
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| • | | Lower than expected distributions, including incentive distribution rights, from WPZ. WPZ’s liquidity could also be impacted by a lack of adequate access to capital markets to fund its growth; |
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| • | | Lower than expected levels of cash flow from operations from Exploration & Production and our other businesses. |
Liquidity
Based on our forecasted levels of cash flow from operations and other sources of liquidity, we expect to have sufficient liquidity to manage our businesses in 2011. Our internal and external sources of consolidated liquidity include cash generated from our operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, and our credit facilities. Additional sources of liquidity, if needed, include bank financings, proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt and equity securities, and proceeds from asset sales. These sources are available to us at the parent level and are expected to be available to certain of our subsidiaries, particularly equity and debt issuances from WPZ. WPZ is expected to be self-funding through its cash flows from operations, use of its credit facility, and its access to capital markets. Cash held by WPZ is available to us through distributions in accordance with the partnership agreement, which considers our level of ownership and incentive distribution rights. Our ability to raise funds in the capital markets will be impacted by our financial condition, interest rates, market conditions, and industry conditions.
Available Liquidity
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | December 31, 2010 | |
| | Expiration | | | WPZ | | | WMB | | | Total | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | $ | 187 | | | $ | 608 | (1) | | $ | 795 | |
Available capacity under our $900 million unsecured revolving and letter of credit facility(2) | | May 1, 2012 | | | | | | | 900 | | | | 900 | |
Capacity available to Williams Partners L.P. under its $1.75 billion senior unsecured credit facility(2) | | February 17, 2013 | | | 1,750 | | | | | | | | 1,750 | |
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| | | | | | $ | 1,937 | | | $ | 1,508 | | | $ | 3,445 | |
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(1) | | Cash and cash equivalentsincludes $25 million of funds received from third parties as collateral. The obligation for these amounts is reported asaccrued liabilitieson the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Also included is $518 million ofcash and cash equivalentsthat is being utilized by certain subsidiary and international operations. The remainder of ourcash and cash equivalentsis primarily held in government-backed instruments. |
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(2) | | At December 31, 2010, we are in compliance with the financial covenants associated with these credit facilities. See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
In addition to the credit facilities listed above, we have issued letters of credit totaling $90 million as of December 31, 2010, under certain bilateral bank agreements.
WPZ filed a shelf registration statement as a well-known, seasoned issuer in October 2009 that allows it to issue an unlimited amount of registered debt and limited partnership unit securities.
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At the parent-company level, we filed a shelf registration statement as a well-known, seasoned issuer in May 2009 that allows us to issue an unlimited amount of registered debt and equity securities.
Exploration & Production has an unsecured credit agreement with certain banks that, so long as certain conditions are met, serves to reduce our use of cash and other credit facilities for margin requirements related to our hedging activities as well as lower transaction fees. In July 2010, the agreement term was extended from December 2013 to December 2015. The impairments of goodwill, natural gas producing properties and acquired unproved reserves recorded by our Exploration & Production segment in the third quarter of 2010 (see Notes 4 and 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) did not impact our ability to utilize Exploration & Production’s credit agreement to facilitate hedging our future natural gas production.
Credit Ratings
Our ability to borrow money is impacted by our credit ratings and the credit ratings of WPZ. The current ratings are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | WMB | | WPZ |
Standard and Poor’s(1) | | | | | | | | |
Corporate Credit Rating | | BBB- | | BBB- |
Senior Unsecured Debt Rating | | BB+ | | BBB- |
Outlook | | Positive | | Positive |
Moody’s Investors Service(2) | | | | | | | | |
Senior Unsecured Debt Rating | | Baa3 | | Baa3 |
Outlook | | Stable | | Stable |
Fitch Ratings(3) | | | | | | | | |
Senior Unsecured Debt Rating | | BBB- | | BBB- |
Outlook | | Stable | | Stable |
| | |
(1) | | A rating of “BBB” or above indicates an investment grade rating. A rating below “BBB” indicates that the security has significant speculative characteristics. A “BB” rating indicates that Standard & Poor’s believes the issuer has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient ability to meet financial commitments. Standard & Poor’s may modify its ratings with a “+” or a “-” sign to show the obligor’s relative standing within a major rating category. |
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(2) | | A rating of “Baa” or above indicates an investment grade rating. A rating below “Baa” is considered to have speculative elements. The “1,” “2,” and “3” modifiers show the relative standing within a major category. A “1” indicates that an obligation ranks in the higher end of the broad rating category, “2” indicates a mid-range ranking, and “3” indicates the lower end of the category. |
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(3) | | A rating of “BBB” or above indicates an investment grade rating. A rating below “BBB” is considered speculative grade. Fitch may add a “+” or a “-” sign to show the obligor’s relative standing within a major rating category. |
Credit rating agencies perform independent analyses when assigning credit ratings. No assurance can be given that the credit rating agencies will continue to assign us investment grade ratings even if we meet or exceed their current criteria for investment grade ratios. A downgrade of our credit rating might increase our future cost of borrowing and would require us to post additional collateral with third parties, negatively impacting our available liquidity. As of December 31, 2010, we estimate that a downgrade to a rating below investment grade for WMB or WPZ would require us to post up to $453 million or $53 million, respectively, in additional collateral with third parties.
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Sources (Uses) of Cash
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Net cash provided (used) by: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating activities | | $ | 2,651 | | | $ | 2,572 | | | $ | 3,355 | |
Financing activities | | | 573 | | | | 166 | | | | (432 | ) |
Investing activities | | | (4,296 | ) | | | (2,310 | ) | | | (3,183 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | (1,072 | ) | | $ | 428 | | | $ | (260 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating activities
Ournet cash provided by operating activitiesin 2010 increased slightly from 2009 primarily due to the improvement in the energy commodity price environment during the year.
The decrease innet cash provided by operating activitiesfrom 2009 to 2008 was primarily due to the decrease in our operating results.
Financing activities
Significant transactions include:
2010
| • | | $369 million received from WPZ’s December 2010 equity offering used primarily to reduce revolver borrowings mentioned below and to fund a portion of WPZ’s acquisition of a midstream business in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale in December 2010; |
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| • | | $200 million received in revolver borrowings from WPZ’s $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility primarily used for WPZ’s general partnership purposes and to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid for WPZ’s acquisition of certain gathering and processing assets in Colorado’s Piceance basin in November 2010; |
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| • | | $600 million received from WPZ’s public offering of 4.125 percent senior unsecured notes in November 2010 primarily used to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid to Exploration & Production for WPZ’s Piceance acquisition (see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); |
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| • | | $430 million received in revolver borrowings from WPZ’s $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility primarily used to fund our increased ownership in OPPL, a transaction that closed in September 2010; |
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| • | | $437 million received from a WPZ equity offering used to reduce WPZ’s revolver borrowings mentioned above; |
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| • | | $3.491 billion received by WPZ in February 2010 from the issuance of $3.5 billion of senior unsecured notes related to our previously discussed restructuring (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); |
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| • | | $3 billion of senior unsecured notes retired in February 2010 and $574 million paid in associated premiums utilizing proceeds from the $3.5 billion debt issuance (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); |
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| • | | $250 million received from revolver borrowings on WPZ’s $1.75 billion unsecured credit facility in February 2010 to repay a term loan; |
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| • | | We paid $284 million of quarterly dividends on common stock for the year ended December 31, 2010. |
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2009
| • | | We received $595 million net cash from the issuance of $600 million aggregate principal amount of 8.75 percent senior unsecured notes due 2020 to fund general corporate expenses and capital expenditures. (See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.); |
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| • | | We paid $256 million of quarterly dividends on common stock for the year ended December 31, 2009. |
2008
| • | | We received $362 million from the completion of the WMZ initial public offering; |
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| • | | We paid $474 million for the repurchase of our common stock. (See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.); |
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| • | | WPZ received $75 million net proceeds from debt transactions; |
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| • | | We paid $250 million of quarterly dividends on common stock for the year ended December 31, 2008. |
Investing activities
Significant transactions include:
2010
| • | | Capital expenditures totaled $2.8 billion in 2010. Included is approximately $599 million, including closing adjustments, related to Exploration & Production’s acquisition in the Marcellus Shale in July 2010 (see Results of Operations — Segments, Exploration & Production); |
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| • | | We paid approximately $949 million, including closing adjustments, for Exploration & Production’s December 2010 business purchase, consisting primarily of oil and gas properties in the Bakken Shale (see Results of Operations — Segments, Exploration & Production); |
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| • | | We contributed $488 million to our investments, including a $424 million cash payment for WPZ’s September 2010 acquisition of an increased interest in OPPL (see Results of Operations — Segments, Williams Partners); |
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| • | | We paid $150 million for WPZ’s December 2010 business purchase, consisting primarily of certain midstream assets in the Marcellus Shale. |
2009
| • | | Capital expenditures totaled $2.4 billion, more than half of which related to Exploration & Production. Included was a $253 million payment by Exploration & Production for the purchase of additional properties in the Piceance basin. (See Results of Operations — Segments, Exploration & Production.); |
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| • | | We received $148 million as a distribution from Gulfstream following its debt offering; |
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| • | | We contributed $142 million to our investments, including $106 million related to our Laurel Mountain equity investment and $20 million related to our Gulfstream equity investment. |
2008
| • | | Capital expenditures totaled $3.4 billion and were primarily related to Exploration & Production’s drilling activity. This total includes Exploration & Production’s acquisitions of certain interests in the Piceance and Fort Worth basins; |
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| • | | We received $148 million of cash from Exploration & Production’s sale of a contractual right to a production payment; |
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| • | | We contributed $111 million to our investments, including $90 million related to our Gulfstream equity investment. |
Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements and Guarantees of Debt or Other Commitments
We have various other guarantees and commitments which are disclosed in Notes 9, 11, 15 and 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not believe these guarantees or the possible fulfillment of them will prevent us from meeting our liquidity needs.
Contractual Obligations
The table below summarizes the maturity dates of our contractual obligations at December 31, 2010, including obligations related to discontinued operations.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | 2012- | | | 2014- | | | | | | | |
| | 2011 | | | 2013 | | | 2015 | | | Thereafter | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt, including current portion: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Principal | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 352 | | | $ | 750 | | | $ | 7,532 | | | $ | 9,141 | |
Interest | | | 580 | | | | 1,071 | | | | 1,017 | | | | 5,046 | | | | 7,714 | |
Capital leases | | | 1 | | | | 3 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 4 | |
Operating leases | | | 89 | | | | 84 | | | | 59 | | | | 182 | | | | 414 | |
Purchase obligations(1) | | | 994 | | | | 1,266 | | | | 1,041 | | | | 2,466 | | | | 5,767 | |
Other long-term liabilities, including current portion: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Physical and financial derivatives(2)(3) | | | 489 | | | | 1,058 | | | | 870 | | | | 3,634 | | | | 6,051 | |
Other(4)(5) | | | 165 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 165 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,825 | | | $ | 3,834 | | | $ | 3,737 | | | $ | 18,860 | | | $ | 29,256 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(1) | | Includes $1.8 billion of natural gas purchase obligations at market prices at our Exploration & Production segment. The purchased natural gas can be sold at market prices. |
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(2) | | Includes $5.4 billion of physical natural gas derivatives related to purchases at market prices in our Exploration & Production segment. The natural gas expected to be purchased under these contracts can be sold at market prices. The obligations for physical and financial derivatives are based on market information as of December 31, 2010, and assumes contracts remain outstanding for their full contractual duration. Because market information changes daily and has the potential to be volatile, significant changes to the values in this category may occur. |
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(3) | | Expected offsetting cash inflows of $2.1 billion at December 31, 2010, resulting from product sales or net positive settlements, are not reflected in these amounts. In addition, product sales may require additional purchase obligations to fulfill sales obligations that are not reflected in these amounts. |
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(4) | | Does not include estimated contributions to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. We made contributions to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans of $76 million in 2010 and $77 million in 2009. In 2011, we expect to contribute approximately $83 million to these plans (see Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). During 2010, we contributed $60 million to our tax-qualified pension plans which was greater than the minimum required contributions. We expect to contribute approximately $60 million to these pension plans again in 2011, which is expected to be greater than the minimum required contributions. In the past, we have contributed amounts in excess of the minimum required contribution. These excess amounts can be used to offset future minimum contribution requirements. In the future, we may elect to use some of these excess amounts to satisfy the minimum contribution requirement in order to maintain cash contributions at the current level. Additionally, estimated future minimum funding requirements may vary significantly from historical requirements if actual results differ significantly from estimated results for assumptions such as returns on plan assets, interest rates, retirement rates, mortality, and other significant assumptions or by changes to current legislation and regulations. |
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| | |
(5) | | Includes $165 million reflecting our estimate of an income tax settlement to be paid in 2011. We have not included other income tax liabilities in the table above. See Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of income taxes, including our unrecognized tax benefits. |
Effects of Inflation
Our operations have benefited from relatively low inflation rates. Approximately 35 percent of our gross property, plant, and equipment is comprised of our interstate gas pipelines. These assets are subject to regulation, which limits recovery to historical cost. While amounts in excess of historical cost are not recoverable under current FERC practices, we anticipate being allowed to recover and earn a return based on increased actual cost incurred to replace existing assets. Cost-based regulation, along with competition and other market factors, may limit our ability to recover such increased costs. For the remainder of our business, operating costs are influenced to a greater extent by both competition for specialized services and specific price changes in crude oil and natural gas and related commodities than by changes in general inflation. Crude oil, natural gas, and NGL prices are particularly sensitive to the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) production levels and/or the market perceptions concerning the supply and demand balance in the near future, as well as general economic conditions. However, our exposure to certain of these price changes is reduced through the use of hedging instruments and the fee-based nature of certain of our services.
Environmental
We are a participant in certain environmental activities in various stages including assessment studies, cleanup operations and/or remedial processes at certain sites, some of which we currently do not own (see Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). We are monitoring these sites in a coordinated effort with other potentially responsible parties, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or other governmental authorities. We are jointly and severally liable along with unrelated third parties in some of these activities and solely responsible in others. Current estimates of the most likely costs of such activities are approximately $49 million, all of which are included in accrued liabilities and other liabilities and deferred income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2010. We will seek recovery of approximately $12 million of these accrued costs through future natural gas transmission rates. The remainder of these costs will be funded from operations. During 2010, we paid approximately $8 million for cleanup and/or remediation and monitoring activities. We expect to pay approximately $11 million in 2011 for these activities. Estimates of the most likely costs of cleanup are generally based on completed assessment studies, preliminary results of studies or our experience with other similar cleanup operations. At December 31, 2010, certain assessment studies were still in process for which the ultimate outcome may yield significantly different estimates of most likely costs. Therefore, the actual costs incurred will depend on the final amount, type, and extent of contamination discovered at these sites, the final cleanup standards mandated by the EPA or other governmental authorities, and other factors.
We are also subject to the Federal Clean Air Act (Act) and to the Federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (1990 Amendments), which added significantly to the existing requirements established by the Act. Pursuant to requirements of the 1990 Amendments and EPA rules designed to mitigate the migration of ground-level ozone (NOx), we are planning installation of air pollution controls on existing sources at certain facilities in order to reduce NOx emissions. For many of these facilities, we are developing more cost effective and innovative compressor engine control designs.
In March 2008, the EPA promulgated a new, lower National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone. Within two years, the EPA was expected to designate new eight-hour ozone non-attainment areas. However, in September 2009, the EPA announced it would reconsider the 2008 NAAQS for ground level ozone to ensure that the standards were clearly grounded in science and were protective of both public health and the environment. As a result, the EPA delayed designation of new eight-hour ozone non-attainment areas under the 2008 standards until the reconsideration is complete. In January 2010, the EPA proposed to further reduce the ground-level ozone NAAQS from the March 2008 levels. The EPA currently anticipates finalization of the new ground-level ozone standard in the third quarter of 2011. Designation of new eight-hour ozone non-attainment areas are expected to result in additional federal and state regulatory actions that will likely impact our operations and increase the cost of additions to property, plant and equipment-net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. We are unable at this time to estimate the cost of additions that may be required to meet this new regulation.
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Additionally, in August 2010, the EPA promulgated National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) regulations that will impact our operations. The emission control additions required to comply with the NESHAP regulations are estimated to include costs in the range of $31 million to $39 million through 2013, the compliance date.
Furthermore, the EPA promulgated the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Mandatory Reporting Rule on October 30, 2009, which requires facilities that emit 25,000 metric tons or more carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent per year from stationary fossil fuel combustion sources to report GHG emissions to the EPA annually beginning March 31, 2011 for calendar year 2010. On November 30, 2010, the EPA issued additional regulations that expand the scope of the Mandatory Reporting Rule to include fugitive and vented greenhouse gas emissions effective January 1, 2011. Facilities that emit 25,000 metric tons or more CO2 equivalent per year from stationary fossil-fuel combustion and fugitive/vented sources combined will be required to report GHG combustion and fugitive/vented emissions to the EPA annually beginning March 31, 2012, for calendar year 2011. Compliance with this reporting obligation is estimated to cost a total of $10 million to $14 million over the next four to five years.
In February 2010, the EPA promulgated a final rule establishing a new one-hour nitrogen dioxide (NO2) NAAQS. The effective date of the new NO2 standard was April 12, 2010. This new standard is subject to numerous challenges in the federal court. We are unable at this time to estimate the cost of additions that may be required to meet this new regulation.
Our interstate natural gas pipelines consider prudently incurred environmental assessment and remediation costs and the costs associated with compliance with environmental standards to be recoverable through rates.
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Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Our current interest rate risk exposure is related primarily to our debt portfolio. The majority of our debt portfolio is comprised of fixed rate debt in order to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in interest rates. Any borrowings under our credit facilities could be at a variable interest rate and could expose us to the risk of increasing interest rates. The maturity of our long-term debt portfolio is partially influenced by the expected lives of our operating assets.
The tables below provide information by maturity date about our interest rate risk-sensitive instruments as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. Long-term debt in the tables represents principal cash flows, net of (discount) premium, and weighted-average interest rates by expected maturity dates. The fair value of our publicly traded long-term debt is valued using indicative year-end traded bond market prices. Private debt is valued based on market rates and the prices of similar securities with similar terms and credit ratings.
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fair Value |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, |
| | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2015 | | Thereafter(1) | | Total | | 2010 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt, including current portion(2): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed rate | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 352 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 750 | | | $ | 7,495 | | | $ | 9,104 | | | $ | 9,990 | |
Interest rate | | | 6.4 | % | | | 6.4 | % | | | 6.3 | % | | | 6.3 | % | | | 6.4 | % | | | 6.9 | % | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fair Value |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | Thereafter(1) | | Total | | 2009 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt, including current portion(2): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed rate | | $ | 15 | | | $ | 936 | | | $ | 953 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 6,119 | | | $ | 8,023 | | | $ | 8,905 | |
Interest rate | | | 7.7 | % | | | 7.7 | % | | | 7.7 | % | | | 7.7 | % | | | 7.7 | % | | | 8.0 | % | | | | | | | | |
Variable rate | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 250 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 250 | | | $ | 237 | |
Interest rate(3) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(1) | | Includes unamortized discount and premium. |
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(2) | | Excludes capital leases. |
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(3) | | The interest rate at December 31, 2009 was LIBOR plus 1 percent. |
Commodity Price Risk
We are exposed to the impact of fluctuations in the market price of natural gas, NGL and crude, as well as other market factors, such as market volatility and energy commodity price correlations. We are exposed to these risks in connection with our owned energy-related assets, our long-term energy-related contracts and our proprietary trading activities. We manage the risks associated with these market fluctuations using various derivatives and nonderivative energy-related contracts. The fair value of derivative contracts is subject to many factors, including changes in energy commodity market prices, the liquidity and volatility of the markets in which the contracts are transacted, and changes in interest rates. (See Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)
We measure the risk in our portfolios using a value-at-risk methodology to estimate the potential one-day loss from adverse changes in the fair value of the portfolios. Value at risk requires a number of key assumptions and is not necessarily representative of actual losses in fair value that could be incurred from the portfolios. Our value-at-risk model uses a Monte Carlo method to simulate hypothetical movements in future market prices and assumes that, as a result of changes in commodity prices, there is a 95 percent probability that the one-day loss in fair value of the portfolios will not exceed the value at risk. The simulation method uses historical correlations and market forward prices and volatilities. In applying the value-at-risk methodology, we do not consider that the simulated hypothetical movements affect the positions or would cause any potential liquidity issues, nor do we consider that changing the portfolios in response to market conditions could affect market prices and could take longer than a one-day holding period to execute. While a one-
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day holding period has historically been the industry standard, a longer holding period could more accurately represent the true market risk given market liquidity and our own credit and liquidity constraints.
We segregate our derivative contracts into trading and nontrading contracts, as defined in the following paragraphs. We calculate value at risk separately for these two categories. Contracts designated as normal purchases or sales and nonderivative energy contracts have been excluded from our estimation of value at risk.
Trading
Our trading portfolio consists of derivative contracts entered into for purposes other than economically hedging our commodity price-risk exposure. The fair value of our trading derivatives was a net asset of $2 million at December 31, 2010. The value at risk for contracts held for trading purposes was less than $1 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009.
Nontrading
Our nontrading portfolio consists of derivative contracts that hedge or could potentially hedge the price risk exposure from the following activities:
| | |
Segment | | Commodity Price Risk Exposure |
Williams Partners | | • Natural gas purchases |
| | • NGL sales |
| | |
Exploration & Production | | • Natural gas purchases and sales |
| | |
Midstream Canada & Olefins | | • NGL purchases |
The fair value of our nontrading derivatives was a net asset of $282 million at December 31, 2010.
The value at risk for derivative contracts held for nontrading purposes was $24 million at December 31, 2010, and $34 million at December 31, 2009. During the year ended December 31, 2010, our value at risk for these contracts ranged from a high of $33 million to a low of $21 million. The decrease in value at risk primarily reflects the realization of certain derivative positions and the market price impact, partially offset by new derivative contracts.
Certain of the derivative contracts held for nontrading purposes are accounted for as cash flow hedges. Of the total fair value of nontrading derivatives, cash flow hedges had a net asset value of $266 million as of December 31, 2010. Though these contracts are included in our value-at-risk calculation, any changes in the fair value of the effective portion of these hedge contracts would generally not be reflected in earnings until the associated hedged item affects earnings.
Trading Policy
We have policies and procedures that govern our trading and risk management activities. These policies cover authority and delegation thereof in addition to control requirements, authorized commodities and term and exposure limitations. Value-at-risk is limited in aggregate and calculated at a 95 percent confidence level.
Foreign Currency Risk
Net assets of our consolidated foreign operations, whose functional currency is the local currency, are located primarily in Canada and approximate 8 percent and 6 percent of our net assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. These foreign operations do not have significant transactions or financial instruments denominated in currencies other than their functional currency. However, these investments do have the potential to impact our financial position, due to fluctuations in these local currencies arising from the process of translating the local functional currency into the U.S. dollar. As an example, a 20 percent change in the respective functional currencies against the U.S. dollar would have changed stockholders’ equity by approximately $117 million at December 31, 2010.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
The Williams Companies, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of The Williams Companies, Inc. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 9.01(d), Exhibit 99.2. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. The 2010 financial statements of Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C. (“Gulfstream”) (a limited liability corporation in which the Company has a 50% interest), have been audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion on the 2010 consolidated financial statements, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Gulfstream, is based solely on the report of the other auditors. In the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s investment in Gulfstream is stated at $378 million at December 31, 2010 and the Company’s equity in the net income of Gulfstream is stated at $66 million for the year then ended.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of The Williams Companies, Inc. at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company has changed its reserve estimates and related disclosures as a result of adopting new oil and gas reserve estimation and disclosure requirements.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), The Williams Companies, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Tulsa, Oklahoma
February 24, 2011, except as it relates to the matters
discussed in the first paragraph of Basis of Presentation
set forth in Note 1, as to which the date is
June 1, 2011.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Members of Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C.
Houston, Texas
We have audited the balance sheet of Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C., (the “Company”), as of December 31, 2010, and the related statements of operations, cash flows, and members’ equity and comprehensive income for the period ended December 31, 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C. as of December 31, 2010, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period ended December 31, 2010 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Houston, Texas
February 23, 2011
39
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions, except per-share amounts) | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Williams Partners | | $ | 5,715 | | | $ | 4,602 | | | $ | 5,847 | |
Exploration & Production | | | 4,026 | | | | 3,667 | | | | 6,156 | |
Midstream Canada & Olefins | | | 1,033 | | | | 753 | | | | 1,233 | |
Other | | | 24 | | | | 27 | | | | 24 | |
Intercompany eliminations | | | (1,198 | ) | | | (811 | ) | | | (1,409 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 9,600 | | | | 8,238 | | | | 11,851 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Costs and operating expenses | | | 7,164 | | | | 6,059 | | | | 8,739 | |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses | | | 498 | | | | 512 | | | | 498 | |
Impairments of goodwill and long-lived assets | | | 1,691 | | | | 15 | | | | 10 | |
Other (income) expense — net | | | (26 | ) | | | (3 | ) | | | (226 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total segment costs and expenses | | | 9,327 | | | | 6,583 | | | | 9,021 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
General corporate expenses | | | 221 | | | | 164 | | | | 149 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Williams Partners | | | 1,465 | | | | 1,236 | | | | 1,349 | |
Exploration & Production | | | (1,355 | ) | | | 383 | | | | 1,381 | |
Midstream Canada & Olefins | | | 172 | | | | 37 | | | | 111 | |
Other | | | (9 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (11 | ) |
General corporate expenses | | | (221 | ) | | | (164 | ) | | | (149 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total operating income (loss) | | | 52 | | | | 1,491 | | | | 2,681 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Interest accrued | | | (632 | ) | | | (661 | ) | | | (636 | ) |
Interest capitalized | | | 51 | | | | 76 | | | | 59 | |
Investing income — net | | | 209 | | | | 46 | | | | 189 | |
Early debt retirement costs | | | (606 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) |
Other income (expense) — net | | | (12 | ) | | | 2 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (938 | ) | | | 953 | | | | 2,292 | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | | | (26 | ) | | | 363 | | | | 733 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (912 | ) | | | 590 | | | | 1,559 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (10 | ) | | | (229 | ) | | | 33 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | (922 | ) | | | 361 | | | | 1,592 | |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | | | 175 | | | | 76 | | | | 174 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. | | $ | (1,097 | ) | | $ | 285 | | | $ | 1,418 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amounts attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc.: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | $ | (1,087 | ) | | $ | 444 | | | $ | 1,398 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (10 | ) | | | (159 | ) | | | 20 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (1,097 | ) | | $ | 285 | | | $ | 1,418 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Basic earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | $ | (1.86 | ) | | $ | .76 | | | $ | 2.41 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.27 | ) | | | .03 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (1.88 | ) | | $ | .49 | | | $ | 2.44 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average shares (thousands) | | | 584,552 | | | | 581,674 | | | | 581,342 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | $ | (1.86 | ) | | $ | .76 | | | $ | 2.37 | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.27 | ) | | | .03 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (1.88 | ) | | $ | .49 | | | $ | 2.40 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average shares (thousands) | | | 584,552 | | | | 589,385 | | | | 592,719 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
40
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions, except per-share amounts) | |
ASSETS
| | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 795 | | | $ | 1,867 | |
Accounts and notes receivable (net of allowance of $15 at December 31, 2010 and $22 at December 31, 2009) | | | 859 | | | | 816 | |
Inventories | | | 302 | | | | 221 | |
Derivative assets | | | 400 | | | | 650 | |
Other current assets and deferred charges | | | 174 | | | | 239 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 2,530 | | | | 3,793 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investments | | | 1,344 | | | | 886 | |
Property, plant, and equipment — net | | | 20,221 | | | | 18,582 | |
Derivative assets | | | 173 | | | | 444 | |
Goodwill | | | 8 | | | | 1,011 | |
Other assets and deferred charges | | | 696 | | | | 564 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 24,972 | | | $ | 25,280 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 918 | | | $ | 934 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 1,002 | | | | 948 | |
Derivative liabilities | | | 146 | | | | 578 | |
Long-term debt due within one year | | | 508 | | | | 17 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 2,574 | | | | 2,477 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | | 8,600 | | | | 8,259 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 3,448 | | | | 3,656 | |
Derivative liabilities | | | 143 | | | | 428 | |
Other liabilities and deferred income | | | 1,588 | | | | 1,441 | |
Contingent liabilities and commitments (Note 16) | | | | | | | | |
Equity: | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock (960 million shares authorized at $1 par value; 620 million shares issued at December 31, 2010 and 618 million shares issued at December 31, 2009) | | | 620 | | | | 618 | |
Capital in excess of par value | | | 8,269 | | | | 8,135 | |
Retained earnings (deficit) | | | (478 | ) | | | 903 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | | (82 | ) | | | (168 | ) |
Treasury stock, at cost (35 million shares of common stock) | | | (1,041 | ) | | | (1,041 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 7,288 | | | | 8,447 | |
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries | | | 1,331 | | | | 572 | |
| | | | | | |
Total equity | | | 8,619 | | | | 9,019 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and equity | | $ | 24,972 | | | $ | 25,280 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
41
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | The Williams Companies, Inc., Stockholders | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Capital in | | | Retained | | | Other | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | | |
| | Common | | | Excess of | | | Earnings | | | Comprehensive | | | Treasury | | | Stockholders’ | | | Noncontrolling | | | | |
| | Stock | | | Par Value | | | (Deficit) | | | Loss | | | Stock | | | Equity | | | Interest | | | Total | |
| | (Millions, except per-share amounts) | |
Balance, December 31, 2007 | | $ | 608 | | | $ | 6,748 | | | $ | (293 | ) | | $ | (121 | ) | | $ | (567 | ) | | $ | 6,375 | | | $ | 1,430 | | | $ | 7,805 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,418 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,418 | | | | 174 | | | | 1,592 | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash flow hedges (Note 17) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 453 | | | | — | | | | 453 | | | | 2 | | | | 455 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (76 | ) | | | — | | | | (76 | ) | | | — | | | | (76 | ) |
Pension benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost | | �� | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
Net actuarial loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (337 | ) | | | — | | | | (337 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | (344 | ) |
Other postretirement benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9 | | | | — | | | | 9 | | | | — | | | | 9 | |
Net actuarial loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (9 | ) | | | — | | | | (9 | ) | | | — | | | | (9 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 41 | | | | (5 | ) | | | 36 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,459 | | | | 169 | | | | 1,628 | |
Cash dividends — common stock (Note 12) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (250 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (250 | ) | | | — | | | | (250 | ) |
Sale of limited partner units of consolidated partnership | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 362 | | | | 362 | |
Dividends and distributions to noncontrolling interests | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (122 | ) | | | (122 | ) |
Issuance of common stock from 5.5% debentures conversion (Note 12) | | | 2 | | | | 25 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 27 | | | | — | | | | 27 | |
Conversion of Williams Partners L.P. subordinated units to common units (Note 12) | | | — | | | | 1,225 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,225 | | | | (1,225 | ) | | | — | |
Purchase of treasury stock (Note 12) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (474 | ) | | | (474 | ) | | | — | | | | (474 | ) |
Stock-based compensation, net of tax benefit | | | 3 | | | | 67 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 70 | | | | — | | | | 70 | |
Other | | | — | | | | 9 | | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8 | | | | — | | | | 8 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2008 | | | 613 | | | | 8,074 | | | | 874 | | | | (80 | ) | | | (1,041 | ) | | | 8,440 | | | | 614 | | | | 9,054 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | — | | | | — | | | | 285 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 285 | | | | 76 | | | | 361 | |
Other comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash flow hedges (Note 17) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (221 | ) | | | — | | | | (221 | ) | | | — | | | | (221 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 83 | | | | — | | | | 83 | | | | — | | | | 83 | |
Pension benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net actuarial gain | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 46 | | | | — | | | | 46 | | | | 7 | | | | 53 | |
Other postretirement benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 4 | | | | — | | | | 4 | | | | — | | | | 4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (88 | ) | | | 7 | | | | (81 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 197 | | | | 83 | | | | 280 | |
Cash dividends — common stock (Note 12) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (256 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (256 | ) | | | — | | | | (256 | ) |
Dividends and distributions to noncontrolling interests | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (129 | ) | | | (129 | ) |
Issuance of common stock from 5.5% debentures conversion (Note 12) | | | 3 | | | | 25 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 28 | | | | — | | | | 28 | |
Stock-based compensation, net of tax benefit | | | 2 | | | | 36 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 38 | | | | — | | | | 38 | |
Other | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 4 | | | | 4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2009 | | | 618 | | | | 8,135 | | | | 903 | | | | (168 | ) | | | (1,041 | ) | | | 8,447 | | | | 572 | | | | 9,019 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,097 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,097 | ) | | | 175 | | | | (922 | ) |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash flow hedges (Note 17) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 92 | | | | — | | | | 92 | | | | — | | | | 92 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 29 | | | | — | | | | 29 | | | | — | | | | 29 | |
Pension benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
Net actuarial loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (25 | ) | | | — | | | | (25 | ) | | | — | | | | (25 | ) |
Other postretirement benefits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3 | ) | | | — | | | | (3 | ) | | | — | | | | (3 | ) |
Net actuarial loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8 | ) | | | — | | | | (8 | ) | | | — | | | | (8 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other comprehensive income | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 86 | | | | — | | | | 86 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income (loss) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,011 | ) | | | 175 | | | | (836 | ) |
Cash dividends — common stock (Note 12) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (284 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (284 | ) | | | — | | | | (284 | ) |
Dividends and distributions to noncontrolling interests | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (145 | ) | | | (145 | ) |
Issuance of common stock from 5.5% debentures conversion (Note 12) | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 2 | |
Sale of limited partner units of consolidated partnership | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 806 | | | | 806 | |
Stock-based compensation, net of tax benefit | | | 2 | | | | 55 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 57 | | | | — | | | | 57 | |
Changes in Williams Partners L.P. ownership interest, net | | | — | | | | 77 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 77 | | | | (77 | ) | | | — | |
Other | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, December 31, 2010 | | $ | 620 | | | $ | 8,269 | | | $ | (478 | ) | | $ | (82 | ) | | $ | (1,041 | ) | | $ | 7,288 | | | $ | 1,331 | | | $ | 8,619 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
42
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (922 | ) | | $ | 361 | | | $ | 1,592 | |
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization | | | 1,507 | | | | 1,469 | | | | 1,310 | |
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes | | | (155 | ) | | | 249 | | | | 611 | |
Provision for loss on goodwill, investments, property and other assets | | | 1,735 | | | | 386 | | | | 166 | |
Gain on sale of contractual production rights | | | — | | | | — | | | | (148 | ) |
Provision for doubtful accounts and notes | | | (6 | ) | | | 48 | | | | 15 | |
Amortization of stock-based awards | | | 48 | | | | 43 | | | | 31 | |
Early debt retirement costs | | | 606 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | |
Cash provided (used) by changes in current assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts and notes receivable | | | (36 | ) | | | 52 | | | | 335 | |
Inventories | | | (81 | ) | | | 33 | | | | (48 | ) |
Margin deposits and customer margin deposits payable | | | (1 | ) | | | 4 | | | | 88 | |
Other current assets and deferred charges | | | 43 | | | | 7 | | | | (82 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | (14 | ) | | | 5 | | | | (343 | ) |
Accrued liabilities | | | (29 | ) | | | (170 | ) | | | 7 | |
Changes in current and noncurrent derivative assets and liabilities | | | (42 | ) | | | 36 | | | | (121 | ) |
Other, including changes in noncurrent assets and liabilities | | | (2 | ) | | | 48 | | | | (59 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 2,651 | | | | 2,572 | | | | 3,355 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from long-term debt | | | 5,129 | | | | 595 | | | | 674 | |
Payments of long-term debt | | | (4,305 | ) | | | (33 | ) | | | (665 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of limited partner units of consolidated partnerships | | | 806 | | | | — | | | | 362 | |
Dividends paid | | | (284 | ) | | | (256 | ) | | | (250 | ) |
Purchase of treasury stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | (474 | ) |
Dividends and distributions paid to noncontrolling interests | | | (145 | ) | | | (129 | ) | | | (122 | ) |
Payments for debt issuance costs | | | (71 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | (4 | ) |
Premiums paid on early debt retirements | | | (574 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Changes in restricted cash | | | — | | | | 40 | | | | (5 | ) |
Changes in cash overdrafts | | | 14 | | | | (51 | ) | | | — | |
Other — net | | | 3 | | | | 7 | | | | 52 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities | | | 573 | | | | 166 | | | | (432 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital expenditures* | | | (2,788 | ) | | | (2,387 | ) | | | (3,394 | ) |
Purchases of investments/advances to affiliates | | | (488 | ) | | | (142 | ) | | | (111 | ) |
Purchase of businesses | | | (1,099 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Proceeds from sale of contractual production rights | | | — | | | | — | | | | 148 | |
Distribution from Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C. | | | — | | | | 148 | | | | — | |
Other — net | | | 79 | | | | 71 | | | | 174 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used by investing activities | | | (4,296 | ) | | | (2,310 | ) | | | (3,183 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | (1,072 | ) | | | 428 | | | | (260 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 1,867 | | | | 1,439 | | | | 1,699 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 795 | | | $ | 1,867 | | | $ | 1,439 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
* Increases to property, plant, and equipment | | $ | (2,755 | ) | | $ | (2,314 | ) | | $ | (3,475 | ) |
Changes in related accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | (33 | ) | | | (73 | ) | | | 81 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Capital expenditures | | $ | (2,788 | ) | | $ | (2,387 | ) | | $ | (3,394 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
43
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Operations of our company are located principally in the United States and are organized into the following reporting segments: Williams Partners, Exploration & Production, and Midstream Canada & Olefins. All remaining business activities are included in Other.
Williams Partners consists of our consolidated master limited partnership, Williams Partners L.P. (WPZ) and includes the gas pipeline and midstream businesses that were contributed as part of our first quarter 2010 restructuring. The contributed gas pipeline businesses include 100 percent of Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC (Transco), 65 percent of Northwest Pipeline GP (Northwest Pipeline), and 24.5 percent of Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C. (Gulfstream). The remaining 35 percent of Northwest Pipeline is directly owned by WPZ following the third quarter 2010 merger of WPZ and Williams Pipeline Partners L.P. (WMZ). WPZ’s midstream operations are composed of significant, large-scale operations in the Rocky Mountain and Gulf Coast regions, operations in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale region, and various equity investments in domestic processing and fractionation assets. WPZ’s midstream assets also include substantial operations and investments in the Four Corners and Gulf Coast regions, as well as a NGLs fractionator and storage facilities near Conway, Kansas.
Exploration & Production includes the natural gas development, production and gas management activities primarily in the Rocky Mountain and Mid-Continent regions of the United States, natural gas development activities in the northeastern portion of the United States, oil and natural gas interests in South America, and more recently, oil development activities in the northern United States. The gas management activities include procuring fuel and shrink gas for our midstream businesses and providing marketing to third parties, such as producers. Additionally, gas management activities include managing various natural gas related contracts such as transportation, storage, and related hedges.
Our Midstream Canada & Olefins segment includes our oil sands off-gas processing plant near Fort McMurray, Alberta, our NGL/olefin fractionation facility and butylene/butane splitter facility at Redwater, Alberta, our NGL light-feed olefins cracker in Geismar, Louisiana along with associated ethane and propane pipelines, and our refinery grade splitter in Louisiana.
Other includes other business activities that are not operating segments, primarily a 25.5 percent interest in Gulfstream, as well as corporate operations.
Basis of Presentation
Beginning with the first quarter of 2011, we changed our segment reporting structure to present our Canadian midstream and domestic olefins operations as a separate segment, Midstream Canada & Olefins. This change reflects the expected growth in this business and our chief operating decision-maker’s increased focus on these operations, which were previously reflected in Other. Also in the first quarter 2011, we initiated a formal process to pursue the divestiture of our holdings in the Arkoma basin. As these assets are held for sale, will be eliminated from our ongoing operations, and we will not have any significant continuing involvement, we reported the results of operations and financial position of the Arkoma operations as discontinued operations. These consolidated financial statements and notes have been recast to reflect the revised segment and Arkoma discontinued operations presentation. (See Notes 2 and 18).
During fourth-quarter 2010, we contributed a business represented by certain gathering and processing assets in Colorado’s Piceance basin to WPZ. The transaction has been accounted for as a combination of entities under common control whereby the assets and liabilities sold were recorded by WPZ at their historical amounts. The operations of this business and the related assets and liabilities were previously reported through our Exploration & Production segment, however they are now reported in our Williams Partners segment. Prior period segment disclosures have been adjusted for this transaction.
44
Notes (continued)
Master limited partnerships
At December 31, 2010, we own approximately 75 percent of the interests in WPZ, including the interests of the general partner, which is wholly owned by us, and incentive distribution rights. At December 31, 2009, we owned approximately 24 percent of WPZ. Changes in our ownership of WPZ occurring during the past year include:
| • | | In conjunction with our first quarter 2010 restructuring, we ultimately received 203,000,000 common units from WPZ. Following this transaction, we owned approximately 84 percent of WPZ. |
|
| • | | On August 31, 2010, WMZ unitholders approved the merger between WMZ and WPZ. As a result of the merger, effective September 1, 2010, WMZ unitholders, other than its general partner, received 0.7584 WPZ common units for each WMZ common unit they owned at the effective time of the merger, for a total issuance of 13,580,485 common units. Upon completing this merger, WMZ is wholly owned by WPZ and is no longer publicly traded. |
|
| • | | On September 28, 2010, WPZ completed an equity issuance of common units resulting in proceeds of $380 million, net of the underwriters’ discount and fees. |
|
| • | | On October 8, 2010, WPZ sold additional common units to the underwriters upon the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional common units pursuant to WPZ’s common unit offering in September 2010. The offering resulted in proceeds of $57 million, net of the underwriters’ discount and fees. |
|
| • | | On December 17, 2010, WPZ completed an equity issuance of common units resulting in proceeds of approximately $369 million, net of the underwriters’ discount and fees. |
These transactions resulted in changes in ownership between us and the noncontrolling interest that have been accounted for as equity transactions, resulting in an aggregate $77 million increase in capital in excess of par and a corresponding decrease in noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries.
WPZ is self funding and maintains separate lines of bank credit and cash management accounts. Cash distributions from WPZ to us, including any associated with our incentive distribution rights, occur through the normal partnership distributions from WPZ to all partners.
Discontinued operations
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes reflect the results of operations and financial position of certain of our Venezuela operations, our holdings in the Arkoma basin that were previously reported within Exploration & Production, and other former businesses as discontinued operations. (See Note 2).
Unless indicated otherwise, the information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements relates to our continuing operations.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our corporate parent and our majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries and investments. We apply the equity method of accounting for investments in unconsolidated companies in which we and our subsidiaries own 20 to 50 percent of the voting interest, otherwise exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the company, or where majority ownership does not provide us with control due to significant participatory rights of other owners.
45
Notes (continued)
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant estimates and assumptions include:
| • | | Impairment assessments of investments, long-lived assets and goodwill; |
|
| • | | Litigation-related contingencies; |
|
| • | | Valuations of derivatives; |
|
| • | | Hedge accounting correlations and probability; |
|
| • | | Environmental remediation obligations; |
|
| • | | Realization of deferred income tax assets; |
|
| • | | Valuation of Exploration & Production’s reserves; |
|
| • | | Asset retirement obligations; |
|
| • | | Pension and postretirement valuation variables. |
These estimates are discussed further throughout these notes.
Regulatory accounting
Transco and Northwest Pipeline are regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Their rates established by the FERC are designed to recover the costs of providing the regulated services, and their competitive environment makes it probable that such rates can be charged and collected. Therefore, our management has determined that it is appropriate to account for and report regulatory assets and liabilities related to these operations consistent with the economic effect of the way in which their rates are established. Accounting for these businesses that are regulated can differ from the accounting requirements for non-regulated businesses. These differences are discussed further throughout these notes.
Cash and cash equivalents
Our cash and cash equivalents balance includes amounts primarily invested in funds with high-quality, short-term securities and instruments that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government. These have maturity dates of three months or less when acquired.
Accounts receivable
Accounts receivable are carried on a gross basis, with no discounting, less the allowance for doubtful accounts. We estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts based on existing economic conditions, the financial conditions of the customers and the amount and age of past due accounts. Receivables are considered past due if full payment is not received by the contractual due date. Interest income related to past due accounts receivable is generally recognized at the time full payment is received or collectability is assured. Past due accounts are generally written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts only after all collection attempts have been exhausted.
46
Notes (continued)
Inventory valuation
All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of inventories is primarily determined using the average-cost method. We determine the cost of certain natural gas inventories held by Transco using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) cost method. LIFO inventory at December 31, 2010 and 2009 is $9 million and $7 million, respectively.
Property, plant, and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment is recorded at cost. We base the carrying value of these assets on estimates, assumptions and judgments relative to capitalized costs, useful lives and salvage values.
As regulated entities, Northwest Pipeline and Transco provide for depreciation using the straight-line method at FERC-prescribed rates. See Note 9 for depreciation rates used for major regulated gas plant facilities.
Depreciation for nonregulated entities is provided primarily on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives, except as noted below for oil and gas exploration and production activities. See Note 9 for the estimated useful lives associated with our nonregulated assets.
Gains or losses from the ordinary sale or retirement of property, plant, and equipment for regulated pipelines are credited or charged to accumulated depreciation; other gains or losses are recorded in other (income) expense — net included in operating income.
Ordinary maintenance and repair costs are generally expensed as incurred. Costs of major renewals and replacements are capitalized as property, plant, and equipment — net.
Oil and gas exploration and production activities are accounted for under the successful efforts method. Costs incurred in connection with the drilling and equipping of exploratory wells, as applicable, are capitalized as incurred. If proved reserves are not found, such costs are charged to expense. Other exploration costs, including lease rentals, are expensed as incurred. All costs related to development wells, including related production equipment and lease acquisition costs, are capitalized when incurred. Depreciation, depletion and amortization is provided under the units-of-production method on a field basis.
We record an asset and a liability upon incurrence equal to the present value of each expected future asset retirement obligation (ARO). The ARO asset is depreciated in a manner consistent with the depreciation of the underlying physical asset. We measure changes in the liability due to passage of time by applying an interest method of allocation. This amount is recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as a corresponding accretion expense included in other (income) expense — net included in operating income, except for regulated entities, for which the liability is offset by a regulatory asset as management expects to recover amounts in future rates. The regulatory asset is amortized commensurate with our collection of those costs in rates.
Measurements of AROs include, as a component of future expected costs, an estimate of the price that a third party would demand, and could expect to receive, for bearing the uncertainties inherent in the obligations, sometimes referred to as a market-risk premium.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over fair value of the assets of businesses acquired. It is evaluated at least annually for impairment by first comparing our management’s estimate of the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, a computation of the implied fair value of the goodwill is compared with its related carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in the amount of the excess.
47
Notes (continued)
As a result of significant declines in forward natural gas prices during the third quarter of 2010, we performed an interim impairment assessment of our goodwill. As a result of that assessment, we recorded an impairment of goodwill of approximately $1 billion. See Note 4.
Cash flows from revolving credit facilities
Proceeds and payments related to borrowings under our credit facilities are reflected in the financing activities of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows on a gross basis.
Treasury stock
Treasury stockpurchases are accounted for under the cost method whereby the entire cost of the acquired stock is recorded as treasury stock. Gains and losses on the subsequent reissuance of shares are credited or charged to capitalin excess of par valueusing the average-cost method.
Derivative instruments and hedging activities
We utilize derivatives to manage our commodity price risk. These instruments consist primarily of futures contracts, swap agreements, option contracts, and forward contracts involving short- and long-term purchases and sales of a physical energy commodity.
We report the fair value of derivatives, except for those for which the normal purchases and normal sales exception has been elected, on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in derivative assets and derivative liabilities as either current or noncurrent. We determine the current and noncurrent classification based on the timing of expected future cash flows of individual trades. We report these amounts on a gross basis. Additionally, we report cash collateral receivables and payables with our counterparties on a gross basis.
The accounting for the changes in fair value of a commodity derivative can be summarized as follows:
| | |
Derivative Treatment | | Accounting Method |
Normal purchases and normal sales exception | | Accrual accounting |
Designated in a qualifying hedging relationship | | Hedge accounting |
All other derivatives | | Mark-to-market accounting |
We may elect the normal purchases and normal sales exception for certain short- and long-term purchases and sales of a physical energy commodity. Under accrual accounting, any change in the fair value of these derivatives is not reflected on the balance sheet after the initial election of the exception.
We have also designated a hedging relationship for certain commodity derivatives. For a derivative to qualify for designation in a hedging relationship, it must meet specific criteria and we must maintain appropriate documentation. We establish hedging relationships pursuant to our risk management policies. We evaluate the hedging relationships at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis to determine whether the hedging relationship is, and is expected to remain, highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows attributable to the underlying risk being hedged. We also regularly assess whether the hedged forecasted transaction is probable of occurring. If a derivative ceases to be or is no longer expected to be highly effective, or if we believe the likelihood of occurrence of the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively, and future changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized currently in revenues or costs and operating expenses dependent upon the underlying hedge transaction.
For commodity derivatives designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is reported inaccumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(AOCI) and reclassified into earnings in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. Any ineffective portion of the derivative’s change in fair value is recognized currently inrevenuesorcosts and operating expenses. Gains or losses deferred in AOCI associated with terminated derivatives, derivatives that cease to be highly effective hedges, derivatives for which the forecasted transaction is reasonably possible but no longer probable of occurring, and cash flow hedges that have
48
Notes (continued)
been otherwise discontinued remain in AOCI until the hedged item affects earnings. If it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction designated as the hedged item in a cash flow hedge will not occur, any gain or loss deferred in AOCI is recognized inrevenuesorcosts and operating expensesat that time. The change in likelihood is a judgmental decision that includes qualitative assessments made by management.
For commodity derivatives that are not designated in a hedging relationship, and for which we have not elected the normal purchases and normal sales exception, we report changes in fair value currently inrevenuesorcosts and operating expensesdependent upon the underlying hedge transaction.
Certain gains and losses on derivative instruments included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations are netted together to a single net gain or loss, while other gains and losses are reported on a gross basis. Gains and losses recorded on a net basis include:
| • | | Unrealized gains and losses on all derivatives that are not designated as hedges and for which we have not elected the normal purchases and normal sales exception; |
|
| • | | The ineffective portion of unrealized gains and losses on derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges; |
|
| • | | Realized gains and losses on all derivatives that settle financially other than natural gas derivatives for NGL processing activities; |
|
| • | | Realized gains and losses on derivatives held for trading purposes; |
|
| • | | Realized gains and losses on derivatives entered into as a pre-contemplated buy/sell arrangement. |
Realized gains and losses on derivatives that require physical delivery, as well as natural gas derivatives for NGL processing activities and which are not held for trading purposes nor were entered into as a pre-contemplated buy/sell arrangement, are recorded on a gross basis. In reaching our conclusions on this presentation, we considered whether we act as principal in the transaction; whether we have the risks and rewards of ownership, including credit risk; and whether we have latitude in establishing prices.
Revenues
Revenues from our gas pipeline businesses are primarily from services pursuant to long-term firm transportation and storage agreements. These agreements provide for a reservation charge based on the volume of contracted capacity and a commodity charge based on the volume of gas delivered, both at rates specified in our FERC tariffs. We recognize revenues for reservation charges ratably over the contract period regardless of the volume of natural gas that is transported or stored. Revenues for commodity charges, from both firm and interruptible transportation services, and storage injection and withdrawal services, are recognized when natural gas is delivered at the agreed upon delivery point or when natural gas is injected or withdrawn from the storage facility.
In the course of providing transportation services to customers, we may receive different quantities of gas from shippers than the quantities delivered on behalf of those shippers. The resulting imbalances are primarily settled through the purchase and sale of gas with our customers under terms provided for in our FERC tariffs. Revenue is recognized from the sale of gas upon settlement of the transportation and exchange imbalances.
As a result of the ratemaking process, certain revenues collected by us may be subject to refunds upon the issuance of final orders by the FERC in pending rate proceedings. We record estimates of rate refund liabilities considering our and other third-party regulatory proceedings, advice of counsel and other risks.
Revenues from our midstream operations include those derived from natural gas gathering and processing services and are performed under volumetric-based fee contracts, keep-whole agreements and percent-of-liquids arrangements. Revenues under volumetric-based fee contracts are recorded when services have been performed. Under keep-whole and percent-of-liquids processing contracts, we retain the rights to all or a portion of the NGLs extracted from the producers’ natural gas stream and recognize revenues when the extracted NGLs are sold and delivered.
49
Notes (continued)
Oil gathering and transportation revenues and offshore production handling fees of our midstream operations are recognized when the services have been performed. Certain offshore production handling contracts contain fixed payment terms that result in the deferral of revenues until such services have been performed.
We market NGLs that we purchase from our producer customers. Revenues from marketing NGLs are recognized when the products have been sold and delivered.
Storage revenues under prepaid contracted storage capacity contracts are recognized evenly over the life of the contract as services are provided.
Revenues for sales of natural gas are recognized when the product is sold and delivered. Revenues from the domestic production of natural gas in properties for which Exploration & Production has an interest with other producers are recognized based on the actual volumes sold during the period. Any differences between volumes sold and entitlement volumes, based on Exploration & Production’s net working interest, that are determined to be nonrecoverable through remaining production are recognized as accounts receivable or accounts payable, as appropriate. Cumulative differences between volumes sold and entitlement volumes are not significant.
We have NGLs and olefins extraction operations where we retain certain products extracted from the producers’ off-gas stream and we recognize revenues when the extracted products are sold and delivered to our purchasers. We also produce olefins from purchased feed-stock, and we recognize revenues when the olefins are sold and delivered.
Impairment of long-lived assets and investments
We evaluate the long-lived assets of identifiable business activities for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in our management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Except for proved and unproved properties discussed below, when an indicator of impairment has occurred, we compare our management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the assets to the carrying value of the assets to determine whether an impairment has occurred and we apply a probability-weighted approach to consider the likelihood of different cash flow assumptions and possible outcomes including selling in the near term or holding for the remaining estimated useful life. If an impairment of the carrying value has occurred, we determine the amount of the impairment recognized in the financial statements by estimating the fair value of the assets and recording a loss for the amount that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value.
For assets identified to be disposed of in the future and considered held for sale, we compare the carrying value to the estimated fair value less the cost to sell to determine if recognition of an impairment is required. Until the assets are disposed of, the estimated fair value, which includes estimated cash flows from operations until the assumed date of sale, is recalculated when related events or circumstances change.
Proved properties, including developed and undeveloped, are assessed for impairment using estimated future undiscounted cash flows on a field basis. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, then a subsequent analysis to estimate fair value is performed using discounted cash flows. Estimating future cash flows involves the use of complex judgments such as estimation of the oil and gas reserve quantities, risk associated with the different categories of oil and gas reserves, timing of development and production, expected future commodity prices, capital expenditures, and production costs.
Unproved properties include lease acquisition costs and costs of acquired unproved reserves. Individually significant lease acquisition costs are assessed annually, or as conditions warrant, for impairment considering our future drilling plans, the remaining lease term and recent drilling results. Lease acquisition costs that are not individually significant are aggregated, and the portion of such costs estimated to be nonproductive is amortized over the average holding period. The estimate of what could be nonproductive is based on our historical experience or other information, including current drilling plans and existing geological data. A majority of the costs of acquired unproved reserves are associated with areas to which proved developed producing reserves are also attributed. Generally, economic recovery of unproved reserves in such areas is not yet supported by actual production or conclusive formation tests, but may be confirmed by our continuing development program. Ultimate recovery of potentially recoverable reserves in areas with established production generally has greater probability than in areas with limited or no prior drilling activity. Costs of acquired unproved reserves are assessed annually, or
50
Notes (continued)
as conditions warrant, for impairment using estimated future discounted cash flows on a field basis and considering our future drilling plans. If the unproved properties are determined to be productive, the appropriate related costs are transferred to proved oil and gas properties.
We evaluate our investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in our management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such investments may have experienced an other-than-temporary decline in value. When evidence of loss in value has occurred, we compare our estimate of fair value of the investment to the carrying value of the investment to determine whether an impairment has occurred. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value and we consider the decline in value to be other-than-temporary, the excess of the carrying value over the fair value is recognized in the consolidated financial statements as an impairment charge.
Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows and an asset’s fair value. Additionally, judgment is used to determine the probability of sale with respect to assets considered for disposal.
Capitalization of interest
We capitalize interest during construction on major projects with construction periods of at least three months and a total project cost in excess of $1 million. Interest is capitalized on borrowed funds and, where regulation by the FERC exists, on internally generated funds as a component of other income (expense) — net. The rates used by regulated companies are calculated in accordance with FERC rules. Rates used by nonregulated companies are based on the average interest rate on debt.
Employee stock-based awards
Stock options are valued at the date of award, which does not precede the approval date, and compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period. The purchase price per share for stock options may not be less than the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant. Stock options generally become exercisable over a three-year period from the date of grant and can be subject to accelerated vesting if certain future stock prices or specific financial performance targets are achieved. Stock options generally expire ten years after the grant.
Restricted stock units are generally valued at market value on the grant date and generally vest over three years. Restricted stock unit compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, is generally recognized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis.
Income taxes
We include the operations of our subsidiaries in our consolidated tax return. Deferred income taxes are computed using the liability method and are provided on all temporary differences between the financial basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. Our management’s judgment and income tax assumptions are used to determine the levels, if any, of valuation allowances associated with deferred tax assets.
Earnings (loss) per common share
Basic earnings (loss) per common shareis based on the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and vested restricted stock units.Diluted earnings (loss) per common shareincludes any dilutive effect of stock options, nonvested restricted stock units and, for applicable periods presented, convertible debt, unless otherwise noted.
Foreign currency translation
Certain of our foreign subsidiaries use the Canadian dollar as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities of such foreign subsidiaries are translated at the spot rate in effect at the applicable reporting date, and the combined
51
Notes (continued)
statements of operations are translated into the U.S. dollar at the average exchange rates in effect during the applicable period. The resulting cumulative translation adjustment is recorded as a separate component of AOCI.
Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded based on exchange rates at the time such transactions arise. Subsequent changes in exchange rates result in transaction gains and losses which are reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Issuance of equity of consolidated subsidiary
Sales of residual equity interests in a consolidated subsidiary are accounted for as capital transactions. No adjustments to capital are made for sales of preferential interests in a subsidiary. No gain or loss is recognized on these transactions.
Note 2. Discontinued Operations
Summarized Results of Discontinued Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Revenues | | $ | 16 | | | $ | 17 | | | $ | 210 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before (impairments) and gain on sale, gain on deconsolidation and income taxes | | $ | (8 | ) | | $ | (92 | ) | | $ | 236 | |
(Impairments) and gain on sale | | | (1 | ) | | | (216 | ) | | | (135 | ) |
Gain on deconsolidation | | | — | | | | 9 | | | | — | |
(Provision) benefit for income taxes | | | (1 | ) | | | 70 | | | | (68 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | | $ | (10 | ) | | $ | (229 | ) | | $ | 33 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Attributable to noncontrolling interests | | $ | — | | | $ | (70 | ) | | $ | 13 | |
Attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. | | $ | (10 | ) | | $ | (159 | ) | | $ | 20 | |
The decrease inrevenuesprimarily reflects the cessation of revenue recognition of our discontinued Venezuela operations in 2009.
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before (impairments) and gain on sale, gain on deconsolidation, and income taxesfor 2009 primarily includes losses from our discontinued Venezuela operations, including $48 million of bad debt expense and a $30 million net charge related to the write-off of certain deferred charges and credits. Offsetting these losses is a $15 million gain related to our former coal operations.
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before (impairments) and gain on sale, gain on deconsolidation, and income taxesfor 2008 includes:
| • | | $140 million of gains related to the favorable resolution of matters involving pipeline transportation rates associated with our former Alaska operations; |
|
| • | | $77 million of income related to our discontinued Venezuela operations; |
|
| • | | $54 million of income related to a reduction of remaining amounts accrued in excess of our obligation associated with the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Quality Bank; |
|
| • | | An $11 million charge associated with an oil purchase contract related to our former Alaska refinery; |
|
| • | | A $10 million charge associated with a settlement primarily related to the sale of NGL pipeline systems in 2002. |
52
Notes (continued)
(Impairments) and gain on salefor 2009 primarily reflects an impairment of our Venezuela property, plant, and equipment. (See Note 14.) Also included is an impairment charge of $5 million related to properties in the Arkoma basin.
(Impairments) and gain on salefor 2008 includes an impairment charge of $143 million related to properties in the Arkoma basin and the final proceeds from the 2007 sale of our former power business.
Gain on deconsolidationreflects the gain recognized when we deconsolidated the entities that owned and operated our Venezuela gas compression facilities prior to their expropriation by the Venezuelan government in 2009.
(Provision) benefit for income taxesfor 2009 includes a $76 million benefit from the reversal of deferred tax balances related to our discontinued Venezuela operations.
The assets of our holdings in the Arkoma basin, which were previously reported within Exploration & Production, comprise significantly less than 0.5 percent of our total consolidated assets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and are reported primarily withinother current assets and deferred chargesandother assets and deferred charges, respectively, on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Liabilities of our discontinued operations are insignificant for these periods.
Note 3. Investing Activities
Investing Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Equity earnings* | | $ | 163 | | | $ | 136 | | | $ | 137 | |
Income (loss) from investments* | | | 43 | | | | (75 | ) | | | 1 | |
Impairment of cost-based investments | | | — | | | | (22 | ) | | | (4 | ) |
Interest income and other | | | 3 | | | | 7 | | | | 55 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total investing income | | $ | 209 | | | $ | 46 | | | $ | 189 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | |
* | | Items also included insegment profit (loss). (See Note 18.) |
Income (loss) from investmentsin 2009 reflects a $75 million impairment charge related to an other-than-temporary loss in value associated with our Venezuelan investment in Accroven SRL (Accroven). Accroven owns and operates gas processing facilities and a NGL fractionation plant for the exclusive benefit of Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA). The deteriorating circumstances in the first quarter of 2009 for our Venezuelan operations caused us to review our investment in Accroven. We utilized a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis, which included an after-tax discount rate of 20 percent to reflect the risk associated with operating in Venezuela. Accroven was not part of the operations that were expropriated by the Venezuelan government in May 2009.
In June 2010, we sold our 50 percent interest in Accroven to the state-owned oil company, PDVSA for $107 million. Of this amount, $13 million was received in cash at closing and another $30 million was received in August 2010. The remainder is due in six quarterly payments beginning October 31, 2010. The first quarterly payment of $11 million was received in January 2011 and will be recognized as income in 2011. We will continue to recognize the resulting gain as cash is received. Accroven was not part of our operations that were expropriated by the Venezuelan government in May 2009.
Impairment of cost-based investmentsin 2009 includes an $11 million impairment related to our 4 percent interest in a Venezuelan corporation that owns and operates oil and gas activities. This investment resulted from our previous 10 percent direct working interest in a concession that was converted to a reduced interest in a mixed company at the direction of the Venezuelan government in 2006. Considering our evaluation of the deteriorating financial condition of this corporation, we recorded an other-than-temporary decline in value of our remaining investment balance.
53
Notes (continued)
The unfavorable change ininterest income and otherin 2009 is primarily due to lower average interest rates which continued in 2010.
Investments
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Equity method: | | | | | | | | |
Overland Pass Pipeline Company LLC — 50% | | $ | 429 | | | $ | — | |
Gulfstream — 50%(1) | | | 378 | | | | 383 | |
Discovery Producer Services LLC — 60%(2) | | | 181 | | | | 189 | |
Laurel Mountain Midstream, LLC — 51%(2) | | | 170 | | | | 133 | |
Petrolera Entre Lomas S.A. — 40.8% | | | 81 | | | | 81 | |
Other | | | 103 | | | | 98 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 1,342 | | | | 884 | |
Cost method | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,344 | | | $ | 886 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | As of December 31, 2010, 24.5 percent interest is held within Williams Partners, with the remaining 25.5 percent held within Other. |
|
(2) | | We account for these investments under the equity method due to the significant participatory rights of our partners such that we do not control the investments. |
Differences between the carrying value of our equity investments and the underlying equity in the net assets of the investees are primarily related to impairments we previously recognized. These differences are amortized over the expected remaining life of the investees’ underlying assets.
In September 2010, we purchased an additional 49 percent ownership interest in Overland Pass Pipeline Company LLC (OPPL) for $424 million. In addition, we invested $43 million and $133 million in Laurel Mountain Midstream, LLC in 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Dividends and distributions, including those presented below, received from companies accounted for by the equity method were $193 million, $291 million, and $167 million in 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively. These transactions reduced the carrying value of our investments. These dividends and distributions primarily included:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
| | (Millions) |
Gulfstream | | $ | 81 | | | $ | 223 | | | $ | 58 | |
Discovery Producer Services LLC | | | 44 | | | | 32 | | | | 56 | |
Aux Sable Liquid Products LP | | | 28 | | | | 15 | | | | 28 | |
In 2009, we received a $148 million distribution from Gulfstream following its debt offering.
Summarized Financial Position and Results of Operations of Equity Method Investments (Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (Millions) |
Current assets | | $ | 321 | | | $ | 383 | |
Noncurrent assets | | | 4,421 | | | | 3,723 | |
Current liabilities | | | 229 | | | | 266 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | | | 1,409 | | | | 1,511 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
| | (Millions) |
Gross revenue | | $ | 1,362 | | | $ | 1,115 | | | $ | 1,246 | |
Operating income | | | 699 | | | | 516 | | | | 521 | |
Net income | | | 508 | | | | 396 | | | | 405 | |
54
Notes (continued)
Note 4. Asset Sales, Impairments and Other Accruals
The following table presents significant gains or losses reflected inimpairments of goodwill and long-lived assetsandother (income) expense—netwithinsegment costs and expenses:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
| | (Millions) |
Williams Partners | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Involuntary conversion gains | | $ | (18 | ) | | $ | (4 | ) | | $ | (17 | ) |
Gains on sales of certain assets | | | (12 | ) | | | (40 | ) | | | (10 | ) |
Accrual of regulatory liability related to overcollection of certain employee expenses | | | 10 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Impairments of certain gathering and transportation assets | | | 9 | | | | — | | | | 6 | |
Exploration & Production | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gain on sale of contractual right to an international production payment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (148 | ) |
Impairment of goodwill | | | 1,003 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Impairments of producing properties and acquired unproved reserves | | | 678 | | | | 15 | | | | — | |
Penalties from early release of drilling rigs | | | — | | | | 32 | | | | — | |
Midstream Canada & Olefins | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gulf Liquids litigation contingency accrual reversal (see Note 16) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (32 | ) |
Other (income) expense — netwithinsegment costs and expensesalso includes net foreign currency exchange gains of $38 million in 2008, which primarily relates to the remeasurement of current assets held in U.S. dollars within our Canadian operations in the Midstream Canada & Olefins segment.
Impairments of goodwill and certain Exploration & Production properties
As a result of significant declines in forward natural gas prices during the third quarter of 2010, we performed an interim impairment assessment of our capitalized costs related to goodwill and domestic properties at Exploration & Production. As a result of these assessments, Exploration & Production recorded an impairment of goodwill, as noted above, and impairments of capitalized costs of certain natural gas producing properties in the Barnett Shale of $503 million and capitalized costs of certain acquired unproved reserves in the Piceance Highlands acquired in 2008 of $175 million.
Based on a comparison of the estimated fair value to the carrying value, Exploration & Production recorded a $15 million impairment in 2009 related to costs of acquired unproved reserves resulting from a 2008 acquisition in the Fort Worth basin.
Our impairment analyses included assessments of undiscounted (except for the unproved reserves) and discounted future cash flows, which considered information obtained from drilling, other activities, and year-end natural gas reserve quantities. See Note 14 for a further discussion of the impairments.
Additional Items
We completed a strategic restructuring transaction in 2010 that involved significant debt issuances, retirements and amendments (see Note 11). We incurred significant costs related to these transactions, as follows:
| • | | $606 million of early debt retirement costs consisting primarily of cash premiums; |
|
| • | | $45 million of other transaction costs reflected ingeneral corporate expenses, of which $7 million is attributable to noncontrolling interests; |
|
| • | | $4 million of accelerated amortization of debt costs related to the amendments of credit facilities, reflected inother income (expense) — netbelowoperating income (loss). |
Exploration & Production recorded a $19 million unfavorable adjustment to depletion expense in 2010 related to a correction of prior years’ production volumes used in the calculation of depletion expense, which is reflected incosts and operating expenses.
55
Notes (continued)
Exploration & Production recorded $16 million of exploratory dry hole costs in 2010, which is included withincosts and operating expenses.
Exploration & Production recorded a $34 million accrual for Wyoming severance taxes in 2008, which is reflected incosts and operating expenses.
Note 5. Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Theprovision (benefit) for income taxesfrom continuing operations includes:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Current: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 15 | | | $ | 187 | |
State | | | 2 | | | | 13 | | | | 25 | |
Foreign | | | 40 | | | | 21 | | | | 8 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 129 | | | | 49 | | | | 220 | |
Deferred: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal | | | (63 | ) | | | 269 | | | | 507 | |
State | | | (104 | ) | | | 42 | | | | (5 | ) |
Foreign | | | 12 | | | | 3 | | | | 11 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | (155 | ) | | | 314 | | | | 513 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total provision (benefit) | | $ | (26 | ) | | $ | 363 | | | $ | 733 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Reconciliations from theprovision (benefit) for income taxesfrom continuing operations at the federal statutory rate to the realizedprovision (benefit) for income taxesare as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Provision (benefit) at statutory rate | | $ | (328 | ) | | $ | 334 | | | $ | 802 | |
Increases (decreases) in taxes resulting from: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
State income taxes (net of federal benefit) | | | (70 | ) | | | 35 | | | | 13 | |
Foreign operations — net | | | (17 | ) | | | 25 | | | | (16 | ) |
Impact of nontaxable noncontrolling interests | | | (58 | ) | | | (49 | ) | | | (54 | ) |
Goodwill impairment | | | 351 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Taxes on undistributed earnings of certain foreign operations | | | 66 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Reduction of tax benefits on Medicare Part D federal subsidy | | | 11 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Other — net | | | 19 | | | | 18 | | | | (12 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | | $ | (26 | ) | | $ | 363 | | | $ | 733 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
State income taxes (net of federal benefit) were reduced by $65 million in 2010 and $46 million in 2008 due to reductions in our estimate of the effective deferred state rate, including state income tax carryovers, reflective of a change in the mix of jurisdictional attribution of taxable income.
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxesincludes $173 million of foreign income, $36 million of foreign loss, and $139 million of foreign income in 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
During the course of audits of our business by domestic and foreign tax authorities, we frequently face challenges regarding the amount of taxes due. These challenges include questions regarding the timing and amount of deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. In evaluating the liability associated with our various filing positions, we apply the two step process of recognition and measurement. In association with this liability, we record an estimate of related interest and tax exposure as a component of our tax provision. The impact of this accrual is included withinother — netin our reconciliation of the tax provision to the federal statutory rate.
56
Notes (continued)
Significant components ofdeferred tax liabilitiesanddeferred tax assetsare as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Property, plant, and equipment | | $ | 1,784 | | | $ | 3,658 | |
Derivatives — net | | | 111 | | | | 66 | |
Investments | | | 2,125 | | | | 491 | |
Other | | | 100 | | | | 108 | |
| | | | | | |
Total deferred tax liabilities | | | 4,120 | | | | 4,323 | |
| | | | | | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 369 | | | | 557 | |
Minimum tax credits | | | 120 | | | | 62 | |
State loss and credit carryovers | | | 278 | | | | 289 | |
Other | | | 70 | | | | 58 | |
| | | | | | |
Total deferred tax assets | | | 837 | | | | 966 | |
| | | | | | |
Less valuation allowance | | | 249 | | | | 289 | |
| | | | | | |
Net deferred tax assets | | | 588 | | | | 677 | |
| | | | | | |
Overall net deferred tax liabilities | | $ | 3,532 | | | $ | 3,646 | |
| | | | | | |
The valuation allowance at December 31, 2010 and 2009 serves to reduce the recognized tax assets associated with state loss and credit carryovers to an amount that will more likely than not be realized. These amounts are presented in the table above before any federal benefit.
As a result of the plan approved by our Board of Directors to pursue separation of the company into two standalone publicly traded corporations (see Note 19), we provided $66 million of deferred taxes in 2010 on undistributed earnings of certain foreign operations that we no longer consider permanently reinvested. As of December 31, 2010, we still consider $277 million of undistributed earnings of other consolidated foreign subsidiaries to be permanently reinvested and have not provided deferred income taxes on that amount.
Cash payments for income taxes (net of refunds and including discontinued operations) were $40 million, $14 million, and $155 million in 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $91 million of unrecognized tax benefits. If recognized, approximately $74 million, net of federal tax expense, would be recorded as a reduction of income tax expense. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Balance at beginning of period | | $ | 89 | | | $ | 79 | |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | | | 11 | | | | 17 | |
Additions for tax positions for prior years | | | 3 | | | | 4 | |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years | | | (12 | ) | | | (7 | ) |
Settlement with taxing authorities | | | — | | | | (4 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Balance at end of period | | $ | 91 | | | $ | 89 | |
| | | | | | |
We recognize related interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense. Total interest and penalties recognized as part of income tax expense were $11 million, $17 million, and $2 million for 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively. Approximately $104 million and $93 million of interest and penalties primarily relating to uncertain tax positions have been accrued as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) examination of our consolidated U.S. income tax return for 2008 is in process. During the first quarter of 2011, we finalized a settlement for 1997 through 2007 on certain contested matters with the IRS Appeals Division which we anticipate will result in a net reduction to our 2011 provision for income taxes of approximately $90 million to $100 million. This reduction is primarily driven by a deferred tax asset created as a result of our settlement. We anticipate making approximately $160 million to $170 million of cash payments to the IRS and various states related to this settlement in 2011. During the first
57
Notes (continued)
quarter of 2011, we expect this settlement to reduce the balance of our unrecognized tax benefits by approximately $40 million. The statute of limitations for most states expires one year after expiration of the IRS statute.
Generally, tax returns for our Venezuelan, Argentine and Canadian entities are open to audit from 2003 through 2010. Certain Canadian entities are currently under examination. We believe there is a high degree of probability of an adjustment related to an international matter that could result in a decrease of approximately $17 million in our unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.
Note 6. Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share from Continuing Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Dollars in millions, except per-share amounts; | |
| | shares in thousands) | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. available to common stockholders for basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share(1) | | $ | (1,087 | ) | | $ | 444 | | | $ | 1,398 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Basic weighted-average shares(2) | | | 584,552 | | | | 581,674 | | | | 581,342 | |
Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonvested restricted stock units | | | — | | | | 2,216 | | | | 1,334 | |
Stock options | | | — | | | | 2,065 | | | | 3,439 | |
Convertible debentures(2) | | | — | | | | 3,430 | | | | 6,604 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Diluted weighted-average shares | | | 584,552 | | | | 589,385 | | | | 592,719 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | (1.86 | ) | | $ | .76 | | | $ | 2.41 | |
Diluted | | $ | (1.86 | ) | | $ | .76 | | | $ | 2.37 | |
| | |
(1) | | The years of 2009 and 2008 include $1.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively, of interest expense, net of tax, associated with our convertible debentures. (See Note 12.) These amounts have been added back toincome (loss) from continuing operations attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. available to common stockholdersto calculate diluted earnings per common share. |
|
(2) | | During 2009, we issued shares of our common stock in exchange for a portion of our convertible debentures. (See Note 12.) |
For 2010, 3.2 million weighted-average nonvested restricted stock units and 3.0 million weighted-average stock options have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share as their inclusion would be antidilutive due to our loss from continuing operations attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc.
Additionally, for 2010, 2.2 million weighted-average shares related to the assumed conversion of our convertible debentures, as well as the related interest, net of tax, have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share. Inclusion of these shares would have an antidilutive effect on the diluted earnings per common share. We estimate that if 2010income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc. available to common stockholderswas $219 million of income, then these shares would become dilutive.
The table below includes information related to stock options that were outstanding at December 31 of each respective year but have been excluded from the computation of weighted-average stock options due to the option exercise price exceeding the fourth quarter weighted-average market price of our common shares.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
Options excluded (millions) | | | 2.4 | | | | 3.7 | | | | 6.4 | |
Weighted-average exercise price of options excluded | | $ | 32.41 | | | $ | 30.21 | | | $ | 26.41 | |
Exercise price range of options excluded | | $ | 22.68 - $40.51 | | | $ | 20.28 - $42.29 | | | $ | 16.40 - $42.29 | |
Fourth quarter weighted-average market price | | $ | 22.47 | | | $ | 19.81 | | | $ | 16.37 | |
58
Notes (continued)
Note 7. Employee Benefit Plans
We have noncontributory defined benefit pension plans in which all eligible employees participate. Currently, eligible employees earn benefits primarily based on a cash balance formula. Various other formulas, as defined in the plan documents, are utilized to calculate the retirement benefits for plan participants not covered by the cash balance formula. At the time of retirement, participants may elect, to the extent they are eligible for the various options, to receive annuity payments, a lump sum payment, or a combination of a lump sum and annuity payments. In addition to our pension plans, we currently provide subsidized retiree medical and life insurance benefits (other postretirement benefits) to certain eligible participants. Generally, employees hired after December 31, 1991, are not eligible for the subsidized retiree medical benefits, except for participants that were employees or retirees of Transco Energy Company on December 31, 1995, and other miscellaneous defined participant groups. Certain of these other postretirement benefit plans, particularly the subsidized retiree medical benefit plans, provide for retiree contributions and contain other cost-sharing features such as deductibles, co-payments, and co-insurance. The accounting for these plans anticipates future cost-sharing that is consistent with our expressed intent to increase the retiree contribution level generally in line with health care cost increases.
Benefit Obligations
The following table presents the changes in benefit obligations and plan assets for pension benefits and other postretirement benefits for the years indicated. The annual measurement date for our plans is December 31.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Other | |
| | | | | | | | | | Postretirement | |
| | Pension Benefits | | | Benefits | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Change in benefit obligation: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | $ | 1,118 | | | $ | 1,035 | | | $ | 259 | | | $ | 273 | |
Service cost | | | 35 | | | | 32 | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
Interest cost | | | 64 | | | | 62 | | | | 15 | | | | 16 | |
Plan participants’ contributions | | | — | | | | — | | | | 6 | | | | 5 | |
Benefits paid | | | (58 | ) | | | (59 | ) | | | (24 | ) | | | (24 | ) |
Medicare Part D subsidy | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
Plan amendment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1 | ) | | | (18 | ) |
Actuarial loss | | | 108 | | | | 48 | | | | 30 | | | | 3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | | 1,267 | | | | 1,118 | | | | 289 | | | | 259 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in plan assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | | | 860 | | | | 705 | | | | 148 | | | | 126 | |
Actual return on plan assets | | | 108 | | | | 153 | | | | 17 | | | | 25 | |
Employer contributions | | | 61 | | | | 61 | | | | 15 | | | | 16 | |
Plan participants’ contributions | | | — | | | | — | | | | 6 | | | | 5 | |
Benefits paid | | | (58 | ) | | | (59 | ) | | | (24 | ) | | | (24 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | | | 971 | | | | 860 | | | | 162 | | | | 148 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Funded status — underfunded | | $ | (296 | ) | | $ | (258 | ) | | $ | (127 | ) | | $ | (111 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accumulated benefit obligation | | $ | 1,224 | | | $ | 1,075 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The underfunded status of our pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans presented in the previous table are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet within the following accounts:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (Millions) |
Underfunded pension plans: | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 1 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | | | 289 | | | | 257 | |
Underfunded other postretirement benefit plans: | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | 8 | | | | 8 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | | | 119 | | | | 103 | |
59
Notes (continued)
The plan assets within our other postretirement benefit plans are intended to be used for the payment of benefits for certain groups of participants. Thecurrent liabilitiesfor the other postretirement benefit plans represent the current portion of benefits expected to be payable in the subsequent year for the groups of participants whose benefits are not expected to be paid from plan assets.
The pension plans’ benefit obligationactuarial lossof $108 million in 2010 and $48 million in 2009 is primarily due to the impact of decreases in the discount rates utilized to calculate the benefit obligation. The 2010 benefit obligationactuarial lossof $30 million for our other postretirement benefit plans is primarily due to the impact of decreases in the discount rates utilized to calculate the benefit obligation and changes to medical claims experience. The impact of the provisions of the federal healthcare reform legislation has been included in the December 31, 2010 other postretirement benefit plans’ obligation and is not significant. The other postretirement benefitsplan amendmentof $18 million in 2009 is due to an increase in the retirees’ cost-sharing percentage within our subsidized retiree medical benefit plans.
At December 31, 2010 and 2009, all of our pension plans had a projected benefit obligation and accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets.
The determination ofnet periodic benefit expenseallows for the delayed recognition of gains and losses caused by differences between actual and assumed outcomes for items such as estimated return on plan assets, or caused by changes in assumptions for items such as discount rates or estimated future compensation levels. Thenet actuarial losspresented in the following table and recorded inaccumulated other comprehensive lossandnet regulatory assetsrepresents the cumulative net deferred loss from these types of differences or changes which have not yet been recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income. A portion of thenet actuarial lossis amortized over the participants’ average remaining future years of service, which is approximately 13 years for our pension plans and approximately 11 years for our other postretirement benefit plans.
Pre-tax amounts not yet recognized innet periodic benefit expenseat December 31 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Other |
| | | | | | | | | | Postretirement |
| | Pension Benefits | | Benefits |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | (Millions) |
Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service (cost) credit | | $ | (3 | ) | | $ | (4 | ) | | $ | 10 | | | $ | 15 | |
Net actuarial loss | | | (657 | ) | | | (621 | ) | | | (20 | ) | | | (9 | ) |
Amounts included in net regulatory assets associated with our FERC-regulated gas pipelines: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior service credit | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 20 | | | $ | 28 | |
Net actuarial loss | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | | (48 | ) | | | (40 | ) |
In addition to the net regulatory assets included in the previous table, differences in the amount of actuarially determinednet periodic benefit expensefor our other postretirement benefit plans and the other postretirement benefit costs recovered in rates for our FERC-regulated gas pipelines are deferred as a regulatory asset or liability. We havenet regulatory liabilitiesof $23 million at December 31, 2010 and $15 million at December 31, 2009 related to these deferrals. These amounts will be reflected in future rates based on the gas pipelines’ rate structures.
60
Notes (continued)
Net Periodic Benefit Expense and Items Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net periodic benefit expenseand other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized inother comprehensive income (loss)before taxes for the years ended December 31 consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Other | |
| | Pension Benefits | | | Postretirement Benefits | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | | | | | |
Components of net periodic benefits expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Service cost | | $ | 35 | | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 2 | |
Interest cost | | | 64 | | | | 62 | | | | 60 | | | | 15 | | | | 16 | | | | 18 | |
Expected return on plan assets | | | (71 | ) | | | (61 | ) | | | (79 | ) | | | (9 | ) | | | (9 | ) | | | (13 | ) |
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | (14 | ) | | | (11 | ) | | | — | |
Amortization of net actuarial loss | | | 35 | | | | 43 | | | | 13 | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | | | — | |
Amortization of regulatory asset | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net periodic benefit expense | | $ | 64 | | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 18 | | | $ | (2 | ) | | $ | 6 | | | $ | 12 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized inother comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | | $ | 71 | | | $ | (44 | ) | | $ | 565 | | | $ | 12 | | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 15 | |
Prior service credit | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (7 | ) | | | (16 | ) |
Amortization of prior service (cost) credit | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 5 | | | | 4 | | | | (1 | ) |
Amortization of net actuarial loss | | | (35 | ) | | | (43 | ) | | | (13 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized inother comprehensive income (loss) | | | 35 | | | | (88 | ) | | | 551 | | | | 16 | | | | (2 | ) | | | (2 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total recognized innet periodic benefit expense andother comprehensive income (loss) | | $ | 99 | | | $ | (10 | ) | | $ | 569 | | | $ | 14 | | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 10 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations for our other postretirement benefit plans associated with our FERC-regulated gas pipelines are recognized innet regulatory assetsat December 31, 2010, and include anet actuarial lossof $10 million,prior service creditof $1 million,amortization of prior service creditof $9 million, andamortization of net actuarial loss of $2 million. At December 31, 2009, amounts recognized innet regulatory assetsincluded anet actuarial gainof $14 million,prior service creditof $11 million,amortization of prior service creditof $7 million, andamortization of net actuarial lossof $3 million. At December 31, 2008, amounts recognized innet regulatory assetsincluded anet actuarial lossof $83 million,prior service creditof $22 million, andamortization of prior service creditof $1 million.
Pre-tax amounts expected to be amortized innet periodic benefit expensein 2011 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Other |
| | Pension | | Postretirement |
| | Benefits | | Benefits |
| | (Millions) |
Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | |
Prior service cost (credit) | | $ | 1 | | | $ | (4 | ) |
Net actuarial loss | | | 37 | | | | 1 | |
Amounts included in net regulatory assets associated with our FERC- regulated gas pipelines: | | | | | | | | |
Prior service credit | | | N/A | | | $ | (7 | ) |
Net actuarial loss | | | N/A | | | | 3 | |
61
Notes (continued)
Key Assumptions
The weighted-average assumptions utilized to determine benefit obligations as of December 31 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Other |
| | | | | | | | | | Postretirement |
| | Pension Benefits | | Benefits |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
Discount rate | | | 5.20 | % | | | 5.78 | % | | | 5.35 | % | | | 5.80 | % |
Rate of compensation increase | | | 5.00 | | | | 5.00 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
The weighted-average assumptions utilized to determinenet periodic benefit expensefor the years ended December 31 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Other |
| | Pension Benefits | | Postretirement Benefits |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2010 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
Discount rate | | | 5.78 | % | | | 6.08 | % | | | 6.41 | % | | | 5.80 | % | | | 6.00 | % | | | 6.40 | % |
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | | | 7.50 | | | | 7.75 | | | | 7.75 | | | | 6.51 | | | | 7.00 | | | | 7.00 | |
Rate of compensation increase | | | 5.00 | | | | 5.00 | | | | 5.00 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
The discount rates for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans were determined separately based on an approach specific to our plans. The year-end discount rates were determined considering a yield curve comprised of high-quality corporate bonds published by a large securities firm and the timing of the expected benefit cash flows of each plan.
The expected long-term rates of return on plan assets were determined by combining a review of the historical returns realized within the portfolio, the investment strategy included in the plans’ Investment Policy Statement, and capital market projections for the asset classes in which the portfolio is invested and the target weightings of each asset class.
The expected return on plan assets component ofnet periodic benefit expenseis calculated using the market-related value of plan assets. For assets held in our pension plans, the market-related value of plan assets is equal to the fair value of plan assets adjusted to reflect amortization of gains or losses associated with the difference between the expected return on plan assets and the actual return on plan assets over a five-year period. Additionally, the market-related value of plan assets may be no more than 110 percent or less than 90 percent of the fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year. The market-related value of plan assets for our other postretirement benefit plans is equal to the unadjusted fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year.
The mortality assumptions used to determine the obligations for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans are the best estimate of expected mortality rates for the participants in these plans. The selected mortality tables are among the most recent tables available and mortality improvements are projected to the measurement date.
The assumed health care cost trend rate for 2011 is 7.0 percent, increases slightly in 2012 and 2013, and then decreases to 5.0 percent by 2021. The health care cost trend rate assumption has a significant effect on the amounts reported. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Point increase | | Point decrease |
| | (Millions) |
Effect on total of service and interest cost components | | $ | 2 | | | $ | (2 | ) |
Effect on other postretirement benefit obligation | | | 39 | | | | (32 | ) |
Plan Assets
The investment policy for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans provides for an investment strategy in accordance with ERISA, which governs the investment of the assets in a diversified portfolio. The plans follow a policy of diversifying the investments across various asset classes and investment managers. Additionally, the
62
Notes (continued)
investment returns on approximately 40 percent of the other postretirement benefit plan assets are subject to income tax; therefore, certain investments are managed in a tax efficient manner.
During 2010, the pension plans’ target asset allocation ranges were adjusted resulting in a slightly larger allocation to fixed income securities. The updated pension plans’ target asset allocation range at December 31, 2010 was 54 percent to 66 percent equity securities, which includes commingled investment funds, and 36 percent to 44 percent fixed income securities and cash management funds. Within equity securities, the target range for U.S. equity securities is 37 percent to 45 percent and international equity securities is 17 percent to 21 percent. The asset allocation continues to be weighted toward equity securities since the obligations of the pension and other postretirement benefit plans are long-term in nature and historically equity securities have outperformed other asset classes over long periods of time. The rebalancing to the higher fixed income securities asset allocation is expected to occur during 2011.
Equity security investments are restricted to high-quality, readily marketable securities that are actively traded on the major U.S. and foreign national exchanges. Investment in Williams’ securities or an entity in which Williams has a majority ownership is prohibited in the pension plans except where these securities may be owned in a commingled investment fund in which the plans’ trusts invest. No more than 5 percent of the total stock portfolio valued at market may be invested in the common stock of any one corporation.
The following securities and transactions are not authorized: unregistered securities, commodities or commodity contracts, short sales or margin transactions, or other leveraging strategies. Investment strategies using the direct holding of options or futures require approval and, historically, have not been used; however, these instruments may be used in commingled investment funds. Additionally, real estate equity and natural resource property investments are generally restricted.
Fixed income securities are restricted to high-quality, marketable securities that may include, but are not necessarily limited to, U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government guaranteed and nonguaranteed mortgage-backed securities, government and municipal bonds, and investment grade corporate securities. The overall rating of the fixed income security assets is generally required to be at least “A,” according to the Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s rating systems. No more than 5 percent of the total portfolio may be invested in the fixed income securities of any one issuer with the exception of bond index funds and U.S. government guaranteed and agency securities.
During 2010, nine active investment managers and one passive investment manager managed substantially all of the pension plans’ funds and five active investment managers managed the other postretirement benefit plans’ funds. Each of the managers had responsibility for managing a specific portion of these assets and each investment manager was responsible for 2 percent to 17 percent of the assets.
The pension and other postretirement benefit plans’ assets are held primarily in equity securities, including commingled investment funds invested in equity securities, and fixed income securities. Within the plans’ investment securities, there are no significant concentrations of risk because of the diversity of the types of investments, diversity of the various industries, and the diversity of the fund managers and investment strategies. Generally, the investments held in the plans are publicly traded, therefore, minimizing liquidity risk in the portfolio.
The pension and other postretirement benefit plans participate in securities lending programs under which securities are loaned to selected securities brokerage firms. The title of the securities is transferred to the borrower, but the plans are entitled to all distributions made by the issuer of the securities during the term of the loan and retain the right to redeem the securities on short notice. All loans require collateralization by U.S. government securities, cash, or letters of credit that equal at least 102 percent of the fair value of the loaned securities plus accrued interest. There are limitations on the aggregate fair value of securities that may be loaned to any one broker and to all brokers as a group. The collateral is invested in repurchase agreements, asset-backed securities, bank notes, corporate floating rate notes, and certificates of deposit. At December 31, 2010, the fair values of the loaned securities are $116 million for the pension plans and $17 million for the other postretirement benefit plans and are included in the following tables. At December 31, 2010, the fair values of securities held as collateral, and the obligation to return the collateral, are $120 million for the pension plans and $17 million for the other postretirement benefit plans and are not included in the following tables. At December 31, 2009, the fair values of the loaned
63
Notes (continued)
securities are $63 million for the pension plans and $9 million for the other postretirement benefit plans and are included in the following tables. At December 31, 2009, the fair values of securities held as collateral, and the obligation to return the collateral, are $66 million for the pension plans and $9 million for the other postretirement benefit plans and are not included in the following tables. The pension and other postretirement benefit plans are exiting the securities lending programs under a plan designed to be orderly and minimize potential losses. The exit from the securities lending programs is expected to be completed during 2011 and no significant losses are expected to be realized.
The fair values (see Note 14) of our pension plan assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, by asset class are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | |
| | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Pension assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash management fund(1) | | $ | 30 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 30 | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap | | | 192 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 192 | |
U.S. small cap | | | 137 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 137 | |
International developed markets large cap growth | | | 4 | | | | 68 | | | | — | | | | 72 | |
Emerging markets growth | | | 4 | | | | 12 | | | | — | | | | 16 | |
Commingled investment funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap(2) | | | — | | | | 168 | | | | — | | | | 168 | |
Emerging markets value(3) | | | — | | | | 35 | | | | — | | | | 35 | |
International developed markets large cap value(4) | | | — | | | | 80 | | | | — | | | | 80 | |
Fixed income securities(5): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | | 17 | | | | 3 | | | | — | | | | 20 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | 64 | | | | — | | | | 64 | |
Corporate bonds | | | — | | | | 150 | | | | — | | | | 150 | |
Insurance company investment contracts and other | | | — | | | | 7 | | | | — | | | | 7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets at fair value at December 31, 2010 | | $ | 384 | | | $ | 587 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 971 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2009 | |
| | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Pension assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash management fund(1) | | $ | 23 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 23 | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap | | | 244 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 244 | |
U.S. small cap | | | 103 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 103 | |
International developed markets large cap growth | | | 2 | | | | 58 | | | | — | | | | 60 | |
Emerging markets growth | | | 10 | | | | 9 | | | | — | | | | 19 | |
Commingled investment funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap(2) | | | — | | | | 84 | | | | — | | | | 84 | |
Emerging markets value(3) | | | — | | | | 29 | | | | — | | | | 29 | |
International developed markets large cap value(4) | | | — | | | | 74 | | | | — | | | | 74 | |
Fixed income securities(5): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | | 11 | | | | 3 | | | | — | | | | 14 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | 53 | | | | — | | | | 53 | |
Corporate bonds | | | — | | | | 149 | | | | — | | | | 149 | |
Insurance company investment contracts and other | | | — | | | | 8 | | | | — | | | | 8 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets at fair value at December 31, 2009 | | $ | 393 | | | $ | 467 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 860 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
64
Notes (continued)
The fair values of our other postretirement benefits plan assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, by asset class are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | |
| | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
| | (Millions) | |
Other postretirement benefit assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash management funds(1) | | $ | 15 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 15 | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap | | | 44 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 44 | |
U.S. small cap | | | 24 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 24 | |
International developed markets large cap growth | | | 1 | | | | 14 | | | | — | | | | 15 | |
Emerging markets growth | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 3 | |
Commingled investment funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap(2) | | | — | | | | 17 | | | | — | | | | 17 | |
Emerging markets value(3) | | | — | | | | 3 | | | | — | | | | 3 | |
International developed markets large cap value(4) | | | — | | | | 8 | | | | — | | | | 8 | |
Fixed income securities(6): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | |
Government and municipal bonds | | | — | | | | 10 | | | | — | | | | 10 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | 6 | | | | — | | | | 6 | |
Corporate bonds | | | — | | | | 15 | | | | — | | | | 15 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets at fair value at December 31, 2010 | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 75 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 162 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2009 | |
| | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Other postretirement benefit assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash management funds(1) | | $ | 15 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 15 | |
Equity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap | | | 49 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 49 | |
U.S. small cap | | | 19 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 19 | |
International developed markets large cap growth | | | — | | | | 13 | | | | — | | | | 13 | |
Emerging markets growth | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 4 | |
Commingled investment funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. large cap(2) | | | — | | | | 8 | | | | — | | | | 8 | |
Emerging markets value(3) | | | — | | | | 3 | | | | — | | | | 3 | |
International developed markets large cap value(4) | | | — | | | | 7 | | | | — | | | | 7 | |
Fixed income securities(6): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury securities | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
Government and municipal bonds | | | — | | | | 8 | | | | — | | | | 8 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | 6 | | | | — | | | | 6 | |
Corporate bonds | | | — | | | | 15 | | | | — | | | | 15 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets at fair value at December 31, 2009 | | $ | 86 | | | $ | 62 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 148 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | These funds invest in high credit-quality, short-term corporate, and government money market debt securities that have remaining maturities of approximately one year or less, and are deemed to have minimal credit risk. |
|
(2) | | This fund invests primarily in equity securities comprising the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index. The investment objective of the fund is to match the return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index. During 2009, certain restrictions were put into place that limited the amount that could be withdrawn. As of December 31, 2009, 37 percent was eligible for withdrawal. Effective August 2010, the withdrawal restrictions were terminated by the fund. The fund manager retains the right to restrict withdrawals from the fund as not to disadvantage other investors in the fund. |
65
Notes (continued)
| | |
(3) | | This fund invests in equity securities of international emerging markets for the purpose of capital appreciation. The fund invests primarily in common stocks of the financial, telecommunications, information technology, consumer goods, energy, industrial, materials, and utilities sectors, as well as forward foreign currency exchange contracts. The plans’ trustee is required to notify the fund manager ten days prior to a withdrawal from the fund. The fund manager retains the right to restrict withdrawals from the fund as not to disadvantage other investors in the fund. |
|
(4) | | This fund invests in a diversified portfolio of international equity securities for the purpose of capital appreciation. The fund invests primarily in common stocks in the consumer goods, materials, financial, energy, information technology, telecommunications, industrial, utilities, and health care sectors, as well as forward foreign currency exchange contracts. The plans’ trustee is required to notify the fund manager ten days prior to a withdrawal from the fund. The fund manager retains the right to restrict withdrawals from the fund as not to disadvantage other investors in the fund. |
|
(5) | | The weighted-average credit quality rating of the pension assets’ fixed income security portfolio is investment grade with a weighted-average duration of 5.6 years for 2010 and 5.1 years for 2009. |
|
(6) | | The weighted-average credit quality rating of the other postretirement benefit assets’ fixed income security portfolio is investment grade with a weighted-average duration of 4.8 years for 2010 and 4.5 years for 2009. |
The asset’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Shares of the cash management funds are valued at fair value based on published market prices as of the close of business on the last business day of the year, which represents the net asset values of the shares held.
The fair values of equity securities traded on U.S. exchanges are derived from quoted market prices as of the close of business on the last business day of the year. The fair values of equity securities traded on foreign exchanges are also derived from quoted market prices as of the close of business on an active foreign exchange on the last business day of the year. However, the valuation requires translation of the foreign currency to U.S. dollars and this translation is considered an observable input to the valuation.
The fair value of all commingled investment funds has been estimated based on the net asset values per unit of each of the funds. The net asset values per unit of the fund represent the aggregate value of the fund’s assets less liabilities, divided by the number of units outstanding. Common stocks traded in active markets comprise the majority of each commingled investment fund’s assets. The fair value of these common stocks is derived from quoted market prices as of the close of business on the last business day of the year.
The fair value of fixed income securities, except U.S. Treasury notes and bonds, are determined using pricing models. These pricing models incorporate observable inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, and issuer spreads for similar securities to determine fair value. The U.S. Treasury notes and bonds are valued at fair value based on closing prices on the last business day of the year reported in the active market in which the security is traded.
The investment contracts with insurance companies are valued at fair value by discounting the cash flow of a bond using a yield to maturity based on an investment grade index or comparable index with a similar maturity value, maturity period, and nominal coupon rate.
Plan Benefit Payments and Employer Contributions
Following are the expected benefits to be paid by the plans and the expected federal prescription drug subsidy to be received in the next ten years. These estimates are based on the same assumptions previously discussed and reflect future service as appropriate. The actuarial assumptions are based on long-term expectations and include, but are not limited to, assumptions as to average expected retirement age and form of benefit payment. Actual benefit
66
Notes (continued)
payments could differ significantly from expected benefit payments if near-term participant behaviors differ significantly from the actuarial assumptions.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Federal |
| | | | | | Other | | Prescription |
| | Pension | | Postretirement | | Drug |
| | Benefits | | Benefits | | Subsidy |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | |
2011 | | $ | 51 | | | $ | 18 | | | $ | (2 | ) |
2012 | | | 51 | | | | 18 | | | | (3 | ) |
2013 | | | 54 | | | | 18 | | | | (3 | ) |
2014 | | | 68 | | | | 18 | | | | (3 | ) |
2015 | | | 75 | | | | 19 | | | | (3 | ) |
2016-2020 | | | 536 | | | | 107 | | | | (20 | ) |
In 2011, we expect to contribute approximately $60 million to our tax-qualified pension plans and approximately $7 million to our nonqualified pension plans, for a total of approximately $67 million, and approximately $16 million to our other postretirement benefit plans.
Defined Contribution Plans
We also maintain defined contribution plans for the benefit of substantially all of our employees. Generally, plan participants may contribute a portion of their compensation on a pre-tax and after-tax basis in accordance with the plans’ guidelines. We match employees’ contributions up to certain limits. Our matching contributions charged to expense were $26 million in 2010, $25 million in 2009, and $24 million in 2008. Certain accounts within one of our defined contribution plans have a nonleveraged employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) component. The shares held by the ESOP are treated as outstanding when computing earnings per share and the dividends on the shares held by the ESOP are recorded as a component of retained earnings. There were no contributions in 2010, 2009, and 2008 to this ESOP, other than dividend reinvestment, as contributions for purchase of our stock are no longer allowed within this defined contribution plan.
Note 8. Inventories
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Natural gas liquids and olefins | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 70 | |
Natural gas in underground storage | | | 93 | | | | 47 | |
Materials, supplies, and other | | | 122 | | | | 104 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 302 | | | $ | 221 | |
| | | | | | |
Note 9. Property, Plant, and Equipment
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Estimated | | Depreciation | | | |
| | Useful Life (a) | | Rates (a) | | December 31, | |
| | (Years) | | (%) | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | |
Nonregulated: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties | | (b) | | | | $ | 11,683 | | | $ | 9,796 | |
Natural gas gathering and processing facilities | | 5 - 40 | | | | | 6,212 | | | | 5,450 | |
Construction in progress | | (c) | | | | | 865 | | | | 1,226 | |
Other | | 3 - 45 | | | | | 940 | | | | 816 | |
Regulated: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Natural gas transmission facilities | | | | .01 - 7.25 | | | 9,066 | | | | 8,814 | |
Construction in progress | | | | (c) | | | 240 | | | | 152 | |
Other | | | | .01 - 33.33 | | | 1,359 | | | | 1,301 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total property, plant, and equipment, at cost | | | | | | | 30,365 | | | | 27,555 | |
Accumulated depreciation, depletion & amortization | | | | | | | (10,144 | ) | | | (8,973 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Property, plant, and equipment — net | | | | | | $ | 20,221 | | | $ | 18,582 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(a) | | Estimated useful life and depreciation rates are presented as of December 31, 2010. Depreciation rates for regulated assets are prescribed by the FERC. |
67
Notes (continued)
| | |
(b) | | Oil and gas properties are depleted using the units-of-production method (see Note 1). Balances include $1.9 billion at December 31, 2010, and $855 million at December 31, 2009, of capitalized costs related to properties with unproved reserves or leasehold not yet subject to depletion at Exploration & Production. |
|
(c) | | Construction in progress balances not yet subject to depreciation and depletion. |
On December 21, 2010, we completed the acquisition of 100 percent of the equity of Dakota-3 E&P Company LLC for $949 million, including closing adjustments. This company holds approximately 85,800 net acres on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in the Williston basin of North Dakota. Approximately 85 percent of this acreage is undeveloped. This acquisition establishes us in the Bakken Shale oil play and further diversifies our commodity profile. Substantially all of the purchase price was recorded as oil and gas properties within property, plant and equipment by Exploration & Production. Revenues and earnings for the acquired company are insignificant for the three years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationexpense forproperty, plant, and equipment — netwas $1.5 billion in 2010, $1.5 billion in 2009, and $1.3 billion in 2008. Oil and gas accounting guidance requires we value our reserves using an average price. This price is calculated using prices at the beginning of the month for the preceding 12 months. This accounting guidance was adopted on a prospective basis in fourth quarter 2009. Adjustments resulting from the implementation of this guidance have not had a material impact on our financial statements.
Regulatedproperty, plant, and equipment — netincludes $906 million and $946 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to amounts in excess of the original cost of the regulated facilities within our gas pipeline businesses as a result of our prior acquisitions. This amount is being amortized over 40 years using the straight-line amortization method. Current FERC policy does not permit recovery through rates for amounts in excess of original cost of construction.
Asset Retirement Obligations
Our accrued obligations relate to producing wells, underground storage caverns, offshore platforms, fractionation facilities, gas gathering well connections and pipelines, and gas transmission facilities. At the end of the useful life of each respective asset, we are legally obligated to plug both producing wells and storage caverns and remove any related surface equipment, to restore land and remove surface equipment at fractionation facilities, to dismantle offshore platforms, to cap certain gathering pipelines at the wellhead connection and remove any related surface equipment, and to remove certain components of gas transmission facilities from the ground.
The following table presents the significant changes to our AROs, of which $745 million and $712 million are included inother liabilities and deferred income, with the remaining current portion inaccrued liabilitiesat December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Beginning balance | | $ | 724 | | | $ | 641 | |
Liabilities settled | | | (17 | ) | | | (13 | ) |
Additions | | | 38 | | | | 32 | |
Accretion expense | | | 56 | | | | 50 | |
Revisions(1) | | | (17 | ) | | | 14 | |
| | | | | | |
Ending balance | | $ | 784 | | | $ | 724 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Change in revisions primarily due to the annual review process which considers various factors including inflation rates, current estimates for removal cost, discount rates and the estimated remaining life of the assets. The net downward revision in 2010 includes an offsetting increase of $31 million related to changes in the timing and method of abandonment on certain of Transco’s natural gas storage caverns that were associated with a recent leak. |
68
Notes (continued)
Pursuant to its 2008 rate case settlement, Transco deposits a portion of its collected rates into an external trust (ARO Trust) that is specifically designated to fund future AROs. Transco is also required to make annual deposits into the trust through 2012. (See Note 15).
Property Insurance
The current availability of named windstorm insurance has been significantly reduced from historical levels. Additionally, named windstorm insurance coverage that is available for offshore assets comes at significantly higher premium amounts, higher deductibles and lower coverage limits. Our existing coverage for physical damage to facilities, especially damage to offshore facilities by named windstorms, is limited to $75 million for each occurrence and on an annual aggregate basis in the event of material loss.
Note 10. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
Under our cash-management system, certain cash accounts reflected negative balances to the extent checks written have not been presented for payment. These negative balances represent obligations and have been reclassified toaccounts payable. Accounts payableincludes $58 million of these negative balances at December 31, 2010 and $44 million at December 31, 2009.
Accrued Liabilities
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Income taxes | | $ | 275 | | | $ | 112 | |
Interest on debt | | | 162 | | | | 199 | |
Employee costs | | | 146 | | | | 158 | |
Taxes other than income taxes | | | 110 | | | | 176 | |
Other, including other loss contingencies | | | 309 | | | | 303 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,002 | | | $ | 948 | |
| | | | | | |
Note 11. Debt, Leases, and Banking Arrangements
Long-Term Debt
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Weighted- | | | | |
| | Average | | | | |
| | Interest | | | December 31, | |
| | Rate(1) | | | 2010(2) | | | 2009(2) | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | |
Secured | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital lease obligations | | | 12.0 | % | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 3 | |
Unsecured | | | | | | | | | | | | |
3.8% to 10.25%, payable through 2040 | | | 6.4 | % | | | 9,104 | | | | 8,023 | |
Adjustable rate | | | | | | | — | | | | 250 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total long-term debt, including current portion | | | | | | | 9,108 | | | | 8,276 | |
Long-term debt due within one year | | | | | | | (508 | ) | | | (17 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | | | | | $ | 8,600 | | | $ | 8,259 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | At December 31, 2010. |
|
(2) | | Certain of our debt agreements contain covenants that restrict or limit, among other things, our ability to create liens supporting indebtedness, sell assets, and incur additional debt. Default of these agreements could also restrict our ability to make certain distributions or repurchase equity. |
69
Notes (continued)
Credit Facilities
In conjunction with our restructuring in the first quarter of 2010, we reduced our $1.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility that expires May 2012 to $900 million and removed Transco and Northwest Pipeline as borrowers. Interest is calculated based on a choice of two methods: a fluctuating rate equal to the lender’s base rate plus an applicable margin, or a periodic fixed rate equal to LIBOR plus an applicable margin. We are required to pay a commitment fee (currently 0.125 percent) based on the unused portion of the credit facility. The margins and commitment fee are generally based on our senior unsecured long-term debt ratings. Significant financial covenants under the credit agreement include the following:
| • | | Our consolidated ratio of debt to capitalization must be no greater than 65 percent. At December 31, 2010, we are in compliance with this covenant. |
In October 2010, unsecured credit facilities totaling $700 million expired and were not renewed. These facilities were originated primarily in support of our former power business.
As part of our strategic restructuring, WPZ entered into a new $1.75 billion three-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility with Transco and Northwest Pipeline as co-borrowers. This credit facility replaced an unsecured $450 million credit facility, comprised of a $200 million revolving credit facility and a $250 million term loan which was terminated as part of the restructuring. At the closing, WPZ utilized $250 million of the credit facility to repay the outstanding term loan. During 2010, WPZ had a maximum of $430 million outstanding under this credit facility, which was primarily used to purchase an additional ownership interest in Overland Pass Pipeline Company LLC (OPPL). At December 31, 2010, the outstanding balance under the credit facility was reduced to zero.
The credit facility may, under certain conditions, be increased by up to an additional $250 million. The full amount of the credit facility is available to WPZ to the extent not otherwise utilized by Transco and Northwest Pipeline. Transco and Northwest Pipeline each have access to borrow up to $400 million under the credit facility to the extent not otherwise utilized by other co-borrowers. Each time funds are borrowed, the borrower may choose from two methods of calculating interest: a fluctuating base rate equal to Citibank N.A’s adjusted base rate plus an applicable margin, or a periodic fixed rate equal to LIBOR plus an applicable margin. WPZ is required to pay a commitment fee (currently 0.5 percent) based on the unused portion of the credit facility. The applicable margin and the commitment fee are based on the specific borrower’s senior unsecured long-term debt ratings. The credit facility contains various covenants that limit, among other things, a borrower’s and its respective subsidiaries’ ability to incur indebtedness, grant certain liens supporting indebtedness, merge or consolidate, sell all or substantially all of its assets, enter into certain affiliate transactions, make certain distributions during an event of default, and allow any material change in the nature of its business. Significant financial covenants under the credit facility include:
| • | | WPZ ratio of debt to EBITDA (each as defined in the credit facility, with EBITDA measured on a rolling four-quarter basis) must be no greater than 5 to 1. |
|
| • | | The ratio of debt to capitalization (defined as net worth plus debt) must be no greater than 55 percent for Transco and Northwest Pipeline. |
Each of the above ratios are tested at the end of each fiscal quarter (with the first full year measured on an annualized basis). At December 31, 2010, we are in compliance with these financial covenants.
The credit facility includes customary events of default. If an event of default with respect to a borrower occurs under the credit facility, the lenders will be able to terminate the commitments for all borrowers and accelerate the maturity of any loans of the defaulting borrower under the credit facility and exercise other rights and remedies.
70
Notes (continued)
At December 31, 2010, no loans are outstanding under our credit facilities. Letters of credit issued under our credit facilities are:
| | | | | | |
| | | | Letters of Credit at | |
| | Expiration | | December 31, 2010 | |
| | | | (Millions) | |
$900 million unsecured credit facility | | May 1, 2012 | | $ | — | |
$1.75 billion Williams Partners L.P. unsecured credit facility | | February 17, 2013 | | | — | |
Bilateral bank agreements | | | | | 90 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | $ | 90 | |
| | | | | |
Exploration & Production’s Credit Agreement
Exploration & Production has an unsecured credit agreement with certain banks in order to reduce margin requirements related to our hedging activities as well as lower transaction fees. In July 2010, the term of this facility expiring in December 2013 was extended to December 2015. Under the credit agreement, Exploration & Production is not required to post collateral as long as the value of its domestic natural gas reserves, as determined under the provisions of the agreement, exceeds by a specified amount certain of its obligations including any outstanding debt and the aggregate out-of-the-money positions on hedges entered into under the credit agreement. Exploration & Production is subject to additional covenants under the credit agreement including restrictions on hedge limits, the creation of liens, the incurrence of debt, the sale of assets and properties, and making certain payments during an event of default, such as dividends. In December 2010, a waiver with the same terms and restrictions as the original agreement, was executed that will allow us to also hedge up to a certain volume of oil.
Issuances and Retirements
In connection with the restructuring, WPZ issued $3.5 billion face value of senior unsecured notes as follows:
| | | | |
| | (Millions) | |
3.80% Senior Notes due 2015 | | $ | 750 | |
5.25% Senior Notes due 2020 | | | 1,500 | |
6.30% Senior Notes due 2040 | | | 1,250 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 3,500 | |
| | | |
As part of the issuance of the $3.5 billion unsecured notes, WPZ entered into registration rights agreements with the initial purchasers of the notes. An offer to exchange these unregistered notes for substantially identical new notes that are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, was commenced in June 2010 and completed in July 2010.
With the debt proceeds discussed above, we retired $3 billion of debt and paid $574 million in related premiums. The $3 billion of aggregate principal corporate debt retired includes:
| | | | |
| | (Millions) | |
7.125% Notes due 2011 | | $ | 429 | |
8.125% Notes due 2012 | | | 602 | |
7.625% Notes due 2019 | | | 668 | |
8.75% Senior Notes due 2020 | | | 586 | |
7.875% Notes due 2021 | | | 179 | |
7.70% Debentures due 2027 | | | 98 | |
7.50% Debentures due 2031 | | | 163 | |
7.75% Notes due 2031 | | | 111 | |
8.75% Notes due 2032 | | | 164 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 3,000 | |
| | | |
71
Notes (continued)
On November 9, 2010, WPZ completed a public offering of $600 million of 4.125 percent senior notes due 2020. WPZ used the net proceeds to fund part of its acquisition from Exploration & Production of certain gathering and processing assets in the Piceance basin. (See Note 1.)
Aggregate minimum maturities oflong-term debt(excluding capital leases and unamortized discount and premium) for each of the next five years are as follows:
| | | | |
| | (Millions) |
2011 | | $ | 507 | |
2012 | | | 352 | |
2013 | | | — | |
2014 | | | — | |
2015 | | | 750 | |
Cash payments for interest (net of amounts capitalized), including amounts related to discontinued operations, were as follows: 2010 — $614 million; 2009 — $592 million; and 2008 — $592 million.
Leases-Lessee
Future minimum annual rentals under noncancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2010, are payable as follows:
| | | | |
| | (Millions) | |
2011 | | $ | 55 | |
2012 | | | 44 | |
2013 | | | 40 | |
2014 | | | 32 | |
2015 | | | 27 | |
Thereafter | | | 181 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 379 | |
| | | |
Total rent expense was $59 million in 2010, $67 million in 2009, and $83 million in 2008.
Note 12. Stockholders’ Equity
Cash dividends declared per our common share were $.485, $.44 and $.43 for 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
In July 2007, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1 billion of our common stock. During 2007, we purchased 16 million shares for $526 million (including transaction costs) at an average cost of $33.08 per share. During 2008, we purchased 13 million shares of our common stock for $474 million (including transaction costs) at an average cost of $36.76 per share. We completed our $1 billion stock repurchase program in July 2008. Our overall average cost per share was $34.74. This stock repurchase is recorded intreasury stockon our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
At December 31, 2010, approximately $22 million of our original $300 million, 5.5 percent junior subordinated convertible debentures, convertible into approximately two million shares of common stock, remain outstanding. In 2009 and 2008, we converted $28 million and $27 million, respectively, of the debentures in exchange for three million and two million shares, respectively, of common stock.
At December 31, 2007, we held all of WPZ’s seven million subordinated units outstanding. In February 2008, these subordinated units were converted into common units of WPZ due to the achievement of certain financial targets that resulted in the early termination of the subordination period. While these subordinated units were outstanding, other issuances of partnership units by WPZ had preferential rights and the proceeds from these issuances in excess of the book basis of assets acquired by WPZ were therefore reflected asnoncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiarieson our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Due to the conversion of the subordinated units, these original issuances of partnership units no longer have preferential rights and now represent the lowest level of
72
Notes (continued)
equity securities issued by WPZ. In accordance with our policy in effect at that time regarding the issuance of equity of a consolidated subsidiary, such issuances of nonpreferential equity are accounted for as capital transactions and no gain or loss is recognized. Therefore, as a result of the 2008 conversion, we recognized a decrease tononcontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiariesand a corresponding increase tocapital in excess of par valueof approximately $1.2 billion.
We maintain a Stockholder Rights Plan, as amended and restated on September 21, 2004, and further amended May 18, 2007, and October 12, 2007, under which each outstanding share of our common stock has a right (as defined in the plan) attached. Under certain conditions, each right may be exercised to purchase, at an exercise price of $50 (subject to adjustment), one two-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock. The rights may be exercised only if an Acquiring Person acquires (or obtains the right to acquire) 15 percent or more of our common stock or commences an offer for 15 percent or more of our common stock. The plan contains a mechanism to divest of shares of common stock if such stock in excess of 14.9 percent was acquired inadvertently or without knowledge of the terms of the rights. The rights, which until exercised do not have voting rights, expire in 2014 and may be redeemed at a price of $.01 per right prior to their expiration, or within a specified period of time after the occurrence of certain events. In the event a person becomes the owner of more than 15 percent of our common stock, each holder of a right (except an Acquiring Person) shall have the right to receive, upon exercise, our common stock having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the right. In the event we are engaged in a merger, business combination, or 50 percent or more of our assets, cash flow or earnings power is sold or transferred, each holder of a right (except an Acquiring Person) shall have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the right.
Note 13. Stock-Based Compensation
Plan Information
On May 17, 2007, our stockholders approved a plan that provides common-stock-based awards to both employees and nonmanagement directors and reserved 19 million new shares for issuance. On May 20, 2010, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the 2007 plan to increase by 11 million the number of new shares authorized for making awards under the plan, among other changes. The plan permits the granting of various types of awards including, but not limited to, restricted stock units and stock options. At December 31, 2010, 39 million shares of our common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to existing and future stock awards, of which 19 million shares were available for future grants. At December 31, 2009, 30 million shares of our common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to existing and future stock awards, of which 11 million shares were available for future grants.
Additionally, on May 17, 2007, our stockholders approved an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) which authorizes up to 2 million new shares of our common stock to be available for sale under the plan. The ESPP enables eligible participants to purchase our common stock through payroll deductions not exceeding an annual amount of $15,000 per participant. The ESPP provides for offering periods during which shares may be purchased and continues until the earliest of: (1) the Board of Directors terminates the ESPP, (2) the sale of all shares available under the ESPP, or (3) the tenth anniversary of the date the Plan was approved by the stockholders. The first offering under the ESPP commenced on October 1, 2007 and ended on December 31, 2007. Subsequent offering periods are from January through June and from July through December. Generally, all employees are eligible to participate in the ESPP, with the exception of executives and international employees. The number of shares eligible for an employee to purchase during each offering period is limited to 750 shares. The purchase price of the stock is 85 percent of the lower closing price of either the first or the last day of the offering period. The ESPP requires a one-year holding period before the stock can be sold. Employees purchased 301 thousand shares at an average price of $15.36 per share during 2010. Approximately 1.0 million and 1.3 million shares were available for purchase under the ESPP at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $48 million, $43 million, and $31 million, respectively. Measured but unrecognized stock-based compensation expense at December 31, 2010, was $46 million, which does not include the effect of estimated forfeitures of
73
Notes (continued)
$2 million. This amount is comprised of $5 million related to stock options and $41 million related to restricted stock units. These amounts are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.
Stock Options
The following summary reflects stock option activity and related information for the year ended December 31, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Weighted- | | | | |
| | | | | | Average | | | Aggregate | |
| | | | | | Exercise | | | Intrinsic | |
Stock Options | | Options | | | Price | | | Value | |
| | (Millions) | | | | | | | (Millions) | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2009 | | | 13.0 | | | $ | 16.73 | | | | | |
Granted | | | 1.3 | | | $ | 21.20 | | | | | |
Exercised | | | (1.2 | ) | | $ | 6.11 | | | $ | 20 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Expired | | | (0.3 | ) | | $ | 40.89 | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (0.1 | ) | | $ | 17.71 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2010 | | | 12.7 | | | $ | 17.59 | | | $ | 109 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2010 | | | 9.8 | | | $ | 17.44 | | | $ | 86 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008 was $20 million, $2 million, and $49 million, respectively; and the tax benefit realized was $7 million, $1 million, and $17 million, respectively. Cash received from stock option exercises was $7 million, $2 million, and $32 million during 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
The following summary provides additional information about stock options that are outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2010.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Stock Options Outstanding | | Stock Options Exercisable |
| | | | | | | | | | Weighted- | | | | | | | | | | Weighted- |
| | | | | | Weighted- | | Average | | | | | | Weighted- | | Average |
| | | | | | Average | | Remaining | | | | | | Average | | Remaining |
| | | | | | Exercise | | Contractual | | | | | | Exercise | | Contractual |
Range of Exercise Prices | | Options | | Price | | Life | | Options | | Price | | Life |
| | (Millions) | | | | | | (Years) | | (Millions) | | | | | | (Years) |
$2.27 to $11.82 | | | 5.4 | | | $ | 8.85 | | | | 4.6 | | | | 4.0 | | | $ | 8.18 | | | | 3.4 | |
$11.83 to 21.38 | | | 4.0 | | | $ | 19.53 | | | | 5.4 | | | | 2.8 | | | $ | 18.75 | | | | 3.6 | |
$21.39 to $30.94 | | | 2.0 | | | $ | 25.14 | | | | 5.3 | | | | 2.0 | | | $ | 25.14 | | | | 5.3 | |
$30.95 to $40.51 | | | 1.3 | | | $ | 36.17 | | | | 5.3 | | | | 1.0 | | | $ | 36.06 | | | | 4.7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 12.7 | | | $ | 17.59 | | | | 5.0 | | | | 9.8 | | | $ | 17.44 | | | | 4.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The estimated fair value at date of grant of options for our common stock granted in each respective year, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options for our common stock granted during the year | | $ | 7.02 | | | $ | 5.60 | | | $ | 12.83 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average assumptions: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividend yield | | | 2.6 | % | | | 1.6 | % | | | 1.2 | % |
Volatility | | | 39.0 | % | | | 60.8 | % | | | 33.4 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 3.0 | % | | | 2.3 | % | | | 3.5 | % |
Expected life (years) | | | 6.5 | | | | 6.5 | | | | 6.5 | |
The expected dividend yield is based on the average annual dividend yield as of the grant date. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our stock and the implied volatility of our stock based on traded options. In calculating historical volatility, returns during calendar year 2002 were excluded as the extreme volatility during that time is not reasonably expected to be repeated in the future. The risk-free interest rate is based on the
74
Notes (continued)
U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity rates as of the grant date. The expected life of the option is based on historical exercise behavior and expected future experience.
Nonvested Restricted Stock Units
The following summary reflects nonvested restricted stock unit activity and related information for the year ended December 31, 2010.
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Weighted- | |
| | | | | | Average | |
Restricted Stock Units | | Shares | | | Fair Value* | |
| | (Millions) | | | | | |
Nonvested at December 31, 2009 | | | 6.1 | | | $ | 16.24 | |
Granted | | | 2.1 | | | $ | 21.05 | |
Forfeited | | | (0.1 | ) | | $ | 19.87 | |
Cancelled | | | (0.5 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | |
Vested | | | (1.0 | ) | | $ | 28.67 | |
| | | | | | | |
Nonvested at December 31, 2010 | | | 6.6 | | | $ | 16.97 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
* | | Performance-based shares are primarily valued using the end-of-period market price until certification that the performance objectives have been completed, a value of zero once it has been determined that it is unlikely that performance objectives will be met, or a valuation pricing model. All other shares are valued at the grant-date market price. |
Other restricted stock unit information
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Weighted-average grant date fair value of restricted stock units granted during the year, per share | | $ | 21.05 | | | $ | 10.23 | | | $ | 30.13 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total fair value of restricted stock units vested during the year ($’s in millions) | | $ | 29 | | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 48 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Performance-based shares granted under the Plan represent 26 percent of nonvested restricted stock units outstanding at December 31, 2010. These grants may be earned at the end of a three-year period based on actual performance against a performance target. Expense associated with these performance-based grants is recognized in periods after performance targets are established. Based on the extent to which certain financial targets are achieved, vested shares may range from zero percent to 200 percent of the original grant amount.
Note 14. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is the amount received to sell an asset or the amount paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants (an exit price) at the measurement date. Fair value is a market-based measurement considered from the perspective of a market participant. We use market data or assumptions that we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or unobservable. We apply both market and income approaches for recurring fair value measurements using the best available information while utilizing valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). We classify fair value balances based on the observability of those inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
| • | | Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that we have the ability to access. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Our Level 1 measurements primarily consist of financial instruments that are exchange traded. |
75
Notes (continued)
| • | | Level 2 — Inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, that are either directly or indirectly observable. These inputs are either directly observable in the marketplace or indirectly observable through corroboration with market data for substantially the full contractual term of the asset or liability being measured. Our Level 2 measurements primarily consist of over-the-counter (OTC) instruments such as forwards, swaps, and options. |
|
| • | | Level 3 — Inputs that are not observable or for which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability being measured. These inputs reflect management’s best estimate of the assumptions market participants would use in determining fair value. Our Level 3 measurements consist of instruments that are valued utilizing unobservable pricing inputs that are significant to the overall fair value. |
In valuing certain contracts, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. For disclosure purposes, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety in the fair value hierarchy level based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the overall fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
The following table presents, by level within the fair value hierarchy, our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2010 | | | December 31, 2009 | |
| | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
| | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | | | | | | | (Millions) | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Energy derivatives | | $ | 96 | | | $ | 475 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 573 | | | $ | 178 | | | $ | 911 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 1,094 | |
ARO Trust Investments (see Note 15) | | | 40 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 40 | | | | 22 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 22 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 136 | | | $ | 475 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 613 | | | $ | 200 | | | $ | 911 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 1,116 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Energy derivatives | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 210 | | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 289 | | | $ | 177 | | | $ | 826 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 1,006 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 210 | | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 289 | | | $ | 177 | | | $ | 826 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 1,006 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Energy derivatives include commodity based exchange-traded contracts and OTC contracts. Exchange-traded contracts include futures, swaps, and options. OTC contracts include forwards, swaps and options.
Many contracts have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the market. Our policy is to use a mid-market pricing (the mid-point price between bid and ask prices) convention to value individual positions and then adjust on a portfolio level to a point within the bid and ask range that represents our best estimate of fair value. For offsetting positions by location, the mid-market price is used to measure both the long and short positions.
The determination of fair value for our energy derivative assets and liabilities also incorporates the time value of money and various credit risk factors which can include the credit standing of the counterparties involved, master netting arrangements, the impact of credit enhancements (such as cash collateral posted and letters of credit) and our nonperformance risk on our liabilities. The determination of the fair value of our liabilities does not consider noncash collateral credit enhancements.
Exchange-traded contracts include New York Mercantile Exchange and Intercontinental Exchange contracts and are valued based on quoted prices in these active markets and are classified within Level 1.
Forward, swap, and option contracts included in Level 2 are valued using an income approach including present value techniques and option pricing models. Option contracts, which hedge future sales of production from our Exploration & Production segment, are structured as costless collars and are financially settled. They are valued using an industry standard Black-Scholes option pricing model. Significant inputs into our Level 2 valuations include commodity prices, implied volatility by location, and interest rates, as well as considering executed transactions or broker quotes corroborated by other market data. These broker quotes are based on observable market prices at which transactions could currently be executed. In certain instances where these inputs are not observable for all periods, relationships of observable market data and historical observations are used as a means to
76
Notes (continued)
estimate fair value. Where observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, the instrument is categorized in Level 2.
Our energy derivatives portfolio is largely comprised of exchange-traded products or like products and the tenure of our derivatives portfolio is relatively short with more than 99 percent of the value of our derivatives portfolio expiring in the next 24 months. Due to the nature of the products and tenure, we are consistently able to obtain market pricing. All pricing is reviewed on a daily basis and is formally validated with broker quotes and documented on a monthly basis.
Certain instruments trade with lower availability of pricing information. These instruments are valued with a present value technique using inputs that may not be readily observable or corroborated by other market data. These instruments are classified within Level 3 when these inputs have a significant impact on the measurement of fair value. The instruments included in Level 3 at December 31, 2010, consist primarily of natural gas index transactions that are used to manage the physical requirements of our Exploration & Production segment.
Reclassifications of fair value between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, if applicable, are made at the end of each quarter. No significant transfers in or out of Level 1 and Level 2 occurred during the year ended December 31, 2010. In 2009, certain Exploration & Production options which hedge future sales of production were transferred from Level 3 to Level 2. These options were originally included in Level 3 because a significant input to the model, implied volatility by location, was considered unobservable. Due to increased transparency, this input was considered observable, and we transferred these options to Level 2.
The following tables present a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our net energy derivatives and other assets classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
Level 3 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | Net Energy | | | Net Energy | | | Other | | | Net Energy | | | Other | |
| | Derivatives | | | Derivatives | | | Assets | | | Derivatives | | | Assets | |
| | (Millions) | |
Beginning balance | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | (14 | ) | | $ | 10 | |
Realized and unrealized gains (losses): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included inincome (loss) from continuing operations | | | 3 | | | | 476 | | | | — | | | | 88 | | | | (3 | ) |
Included in other comprehensive income (loss) | | | 2 | | | | (331 | ) | | | — | | | | 486 | | | | — | |
Purchases, issuances, and settlements | | | (6 | ) | | | (477 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | (51 | ) | | | — | |
Transfers into Level 3 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 3 | | | | — | |
Transfers out of Level 3 | | | — | | | | (173 | ) | | | — | | | | (5 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ending balance | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gains (losses) included inincome (loss) from continuing operationsrelating to instruments still held at December 31 | | $ | — | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) included inincome (loss) from continuing operationsfor the above periods are reported inrevenuesin our Consolidated Statement of Operations.
77
Notes (continued)
The following table presents impairments associated with certain assets that have been measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Total | |
| | Losses For The | |
| | Years Ended | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Impairments: | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill — Exploration & Production (see Note 4) | | $ | 1,003 | (a) | | $ | — | |
Producing properties and acquired unproved reserves — Exploration & Production (see Note 4) | | | 678 | (b) | | | 15 | (c) |
Certain gathering assets — Williams Partners (see Note 4) | | | 9 | (d) | | | — | |
Venezuelan property — Discontinued Operations (see Note 2) | | | — | | | | 211 | (e) |
Investment in Accroven — Other (see Note 3) | | | — | | | | 75 | (f) |
Cost-based investment — Exploration & Production (see Note 3) | | | — | | | | 11 | (g) |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,690 | | | $ | 312 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
(a) | | Due to a significant decline in forward natural gas prices across all future production periods as of September 30, 2010, we performed an interim impairment assessment of the approximate $1 billion of goodwill at Exploration & Production related to its domestic natural gas production operations (the reporting unit). Forward natural gas prices through 2025 as of September 30, 2010, used in our analysis declined more than 22 percent on average compared to the forward prices as of December 31, 2009. We estimated the fair value of the reporting unit on a stand-alone basis by valuing proved and unproved reserves, as well as estimating the fair values of other assets and liabilities which are identified to the reporting unit. We used an income approach (discounted cash flow) for valuing reserves. The significant inputs into the valuation of proved and unproved reserves included reserve quantities, forward natural gas prices, anticipated drilling and operating costs, anticipated production curves, income taxes, and appropriate discount rates. To estimate the fair value of the reporting unit and the implied fair value of goodwill under a hypothetical acquisition of the reporting unit, we assumed a tax structure where a buyer would obtain a step-up in the tax basis of the net assets acquired. Significant assumptions in valuing proved reserves included reserves quantities of more than 4.4 trillion cubic feet of gas equivalent; forward prices averaging approximately $4.65 per thousand cubic feet of gas equivalent (Mcfe) for natural gas (adjusted for locational differences), natural gas liquids and oil; and an after-tax discount rate of 11 percent. Unproved reserves (probable and possible) were valued using similar assumptions adjusted further for the uncertainty associated with these reserves by using after- tax discount rates of 13 percent and 15 percent, respectively, commensurate with our estimate of the risk of those reserves. In our assessment as of September 30, 2010, the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeded its estimated fair value. We then determined that the implied fair value of the goodwill was zero. As a result of our analysis, we recognized a full $1 billion impairment charge related to this goodwill. |
|
(b) | | As of September 30, 2010, we assessed the carrying value of Exploration & Production’s natural gas-producing properties and costs of acquired unproved reserves, for impairments as a result of recent significant declines in forward natural gas prices. Our assessment utilized estimates of future cash flows. Significant judgments and assumptions in these assessments are similar to those used in the goodwill evaluation and include estimates of natural gas reserve quantities, estimates of future natural gas prices using a forward NYMEX curve adjusted for locational basis differentials, drilling plans, expected capital costs, and an applicable discount rate commensurate with risk of the underlying cash flow estimates. The assessment performed at September 30, 2010, identified certain properties with a carrying value in excess of their calculated fair values. As a result, we recorded a $678 million impairment charge in third-quarter 2010 as further described below. Fair value measured for these properties at September 30, 2010, was estimated to be approximately $320 million. |
| • | | $503 million of the impairment charge related to natural gas-producing properties in the Barnett Shale. Significant assumptions in valuing these properties included proved reserves quantities of more than 227 billion cubic feet of gas equivalent, forward weighted average prices averaging approximately $4.67 per Mcfe for natural gas (adjusted for locational differences), natural gas liquids and oil, and an after-tax discount rate of 11 percent. |
78
Notes (continued)
| • | | $175 million of the impairment charge related to acquired unproved reserves in the Piceance Highlands acquired in 2008. Significant assumptions in valuing these unproved reserves included evaluation of probable and possible reserves quantities, drilling plans, forward natural gas (adjusted for locational differences) and natural gas liquids prices, and an after-tax discount rate of 13 percent. |
| | |
(c) | | Fair value measured at December 31, 2009, was $22 million. |
|
(d) | | Fair value measured at December 31, 2010, was $3 million. |
|
(e) | | Fair value measured at March 31, 2009, was $106 million. This value was based on our estimates of probability-weighted discounted cash flows that considered (1) the continued operation of the assets considering different scenarios of outcome, (2) the purchase of the assets by PDVSA, (3) the results of arbitration with varying degrees of award and collection, and (4) an after-tax discount rate of 20 percent. |
|
(f) | | Fair value measured at March 31, 2009, was zero. This value was determined based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis that considered the deteriorating circumstances in Venezuela. |
|
(g) | | Fair value measured at March 31, 2009, was zero. This value was based on an other-than-temporary decline in the value of our investment considering the deteriorating financial condition of a Venezuelan corporation in which Exploration & Production has a 4 percent interest. |
Note 15. Financial Instruments, Derivatives, Guarantees and Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial Instruments
Fair-value methods
We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair-value disclosures for financial instruments:
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash: The carrying amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Current and noncurrent restricted cash is included inother current assets and deferred chargesandother assets and deferred charges, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
ARO Trust Investments: Transco deposits a portion of its collected rates, pursuant to its 2008 rate case settlement, into an external trust specifically designated to fund future asset retirement obligations (ARO Trust). The ARO Trust invests in a portfolio of mutual funds that are reported at fair value inother assets and deferred chargesin the Consolidated Balance Sheet and are classified as available-for-sale. However, both realized and unrealized gains and losses are ultimately recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities.
Long-term debt: The fair value of our publicly traded long-term debt is determined using indicative year-end traded bond market prices. Private debt is valued based on market rates and the prices of similar securities with similar terms and credit ratings. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, approximately 100 percent and 97 percent, respectively, of our long-term debt was publicly traded. (See Note 11.)
Guarantees: Theguaranteesrepresented in the following table consist of a guarantee we have provided in the event of nonpayment by our previously owned communications subsidiary, Williams Communications Group (WilTel), on a certain lease performance obligation. To estimate the fair value of the guarantee, the estimated default rate is determined by obtaining the average cumulative issuer-weighted corporate default rate for each guarantee based on the credit rating of WilTel’s current owner and the term of the underlying obligation. The default rates are published by Moody’s Investors Service. Guarantees, if recognized, are included inaccrued liabilitiesin the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
79
Notes (continued)
Other: Includes current and noncurrent notes receivable, margin deposits, customer margin deposits payable, and cost-based investments.
Energy derivatives: Energy derivatives include futures, forwards, swaps, and options. These are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 14 for discussion of valuation of our energy derivatives.
Carrying amounts and fair values of our financial instruments
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | Carrying | | | | | | Carrying | | |
Asset (Liability) | | Amount | | Fair Value | | Amount | | Fair Value |
| | (Millions) |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 795 | | | $ | 795 | | | $ | 1,867 | | | $ | 1,867 | |
Restricted cash (current and noncurrent) | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 28 | |
ARO Trust Investments | | $ | 40 | | | $ | 40 | | | $ | 22 | | | $ | 22 | |
Long-term debt, including current portion(a) | | $ | (9,104 | ) | | $ | (9,990 | ) | | $ | (8,273 | ) | | $ | (9,142 | ) |
Guarantees | | $ | (35 | ) | | $ | (34 | ) | | $ | (36 | ) | | $ | (33 | ) |
Other | | $ | (23 | ) | | $ | (25 | )(b) | | $ | (23 | ) | | $ | (25 | )(b) |
Net energy derivatives: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Energy commodity cash flow hedges | | $ | 266 | | | $ | 266 | | | $ | 178 | | | $ | 178 | |
Other energy derivatives | | $ | 18 | | | $ | 18 | | | $ | (90 | ) | | $ | (90 | ) |
| | |
(a) | | Excludes capital leases. (See Note 11.) |
|
(b) | | Excludes certain cost-based investments in companies that are not publicly traded and therefore it is not practicable to estimate fair value. The carrying value of these investments was $2 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
Energy Commodity Derivatives
Risk management activities
We are exposed to market risk from changes in energy commodity prices within our operations. We manage this risk on an enterprise basis and may utilize derivatives to manage our exposure to the variability in expected future cash flows from forecasted purchases and sales of natural gas and NGLs attributable to commodity price risk. Certain of these derivatives utilized for risk management purposes have been designated as cash flow hedges, while other derivatives have not been designated as cash flow hedges or do not qualify for hedge accounting despite hedging our future cash flows on an economic basis.
We produce, buy, and sell natural gas at different locations throughout the United States. We also enter into forward contracts to buy and sell natural gas to maximize the economic value of transportation agreements and storage capacity agreements. To reduce exposure to a decrease in revenues or margins from fluctuations in natural gas market prices, we enter into natural gas futures contracts, swap agreements, and financial option contracts to mitigate the price risk on forecasted sales of natural gas. We have also entered into basis swap agreements to reduce the locational price risk associated with our producing basins. These cash flow hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk during the term of the hedge. However, ineffectiveness may be recognized primarily as a result of locational differences between the hedging derivative and the hedged item. Our financial option contracts are either purchased options or a combination of options that comprise a net purchased option or a zero-cost collar. Our designation of the hedging relationship and method of assessing effectiveness for these option contracts are generally such that the hedging relationship is considered perfectly effective and no ineffectiveness is recognized in earnings. Hedges for storage contracts have not been designated as cash flow hedges, despite economically hedging the expected cash flows generated by those agreements.
We produce and sell NGLs and olefins at different locations throughout North America. We also buy natural gas to satisfy the required fuel and shrink needed to generate NGLs and olefins. To reduce exposure to a decrease in revenues from fluctuations in NGL market prices or increases in costs and operating expenses from fluctuations in
80
Notes (continued)
natural gas and NGL market prices, we may enter into NGL or natural gas swap agreements, financial forward contracts, and financial option contracts to mitigate the price risk on forecasted sales of NGLs and purchases of natural gas and NGLs. These cash flow hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk during the term of the hedge. However, ineffectiveness may be recognized primarily as a result of locational differences between the hedging derivative and the hedged item.
Other activities
We also enter into energy commodity derivatives for other than risk management purposes, including managing certain remaining legacy natural gas contracts and positions from our former power business and providing services to third parties. These legacy natural gas contracts include substantially offsetting positions and have an insignificant net impact on earnings.
Volumes
Our energy commodity derivatives are comprised of both contracts to purchase the commodity (long positions) and contracts to sell the commodity (short positions). Derivative transactions are categorized into four types:
| • | | Central hub risk: Includes physical and financial derivative exposures to Henry Hub for natural gas, West Texas Intermediate for crude oil, and Mont Belvieu for NGLs; |
|
| • | | Basis risk: Includes physical and financial derivative exposures to the difference in value between the central hub and another specific delivery point; |
|
| • | | Index risk: Includes physical derivative exposure at an unknown future price; |
|
| • | | Options: Includes all fixed price options or combination of options (collars) that set a floor and/or ceiling for the transaction price of a commodity. |
Fixed price swaps at locations other than the central hub are classified as both central hub risk and basis risk instruments to represent their exposure to overall market conditions (central hub risk) and specific location risk (basis risk).
The following table depicts the notional quantities of the net long (short) positions in our commodity derivatives portfolio as of December 31, 2010. Natural gas is presented in millions of British Thermal Units (MMBtu), and NGLs are presented in gallons. The volumes for options represent at location zero-cost collars and present one side of the short position. The net index position for Exploration & Production includes certain positions on behalf of other segments.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Unit of | | Central Hub | | Basis | | Index | | |
Derivative Notional Volumes | | Measure | | Risk | | Risk | | Risk | | Options |
Designated as Hedging Instruments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exploration & Production | | Risk Management | | MMBtu | | | (200,100,000 | ) | | | (200,100,000 | ) | | | | | | | (100,375,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Not Designated as Hedging Instruments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exploration & Production | | Risk Management | | MMBtu | | | (9,077,499 | ) | | | (20,195,000 | ) | | | 16,586,059 | | | | | |
Williams Partners | | Risk Management | | Gallons | | | (3,990,000 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exploration & Production | | Other | | MMBtu | | | 150,400 | | | | (14,766,500 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Fair values and gains (losses)
The following table presents the fair value of energy commodity derivatives. Our derivatives are presented as separate line items in our Consolidated Balance Sheet ascurrentandnoncurrent derivative assetsandliabilities. Derivatives are classified as current or noncurrent based on the contractual timing of expected future net cash flows of individual contracts. The expected future net cash flows for derivatives classified as current are expected to occur within the next 12 months. The fair value amounts are presented on a gross basis and do not reflect the netting of asset and liability positions permitted under the terms of our master netting arrangements. Further, the amounts
81
Notes (continued)
below do not include cash held on deposit in margin accounts that we have received or remitted to collateralize certain derivative positions.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | Assets | | | Liabilities | | | Assets | | | Liabilities | |
| | (Millions) | |
Designated as hedging instruments | | $ | 288 | | | $ | 22 | | | $ | 352 | | | $ | 174 | |
Not designated as hedging instruments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Legacy natural gas contracts from former power business | | | 186 | | | | 187 | | | | 505 | | | | 526 | |
All other | | | 99 | | | | 80 | | | | 237 | | | | 306 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | | 285 | | | | 267 | | | | 742 | | | | 832 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total derivatives | | $ | 573 | | | $ | 289 | | | $ | 1,094 | | | $ | 1,006 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table presents pre-tax gains and losses for our energy commodity derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, as recognized inAOCI,revenuesorcosts and operating expenses.
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended | | |
| | December 31, | | |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | Classification |
| | (Millions) | | |
Net gain recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (effective portion) | | $ | 495 | | | $ | 262 | | | AOCI |
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income (effective portion) | | $ | 342 | | | $ | 618 | | | Revenues or Costs and Operating Expenses |
Gain recognized in income (ineffective portion) | | $ | 9 | | | $ | 4 | | | Revenues or Costs and Operating Expenses |
There were no gains or losses recognized in income as a result of excluding amounts from the assessment of hedge effectiveness or as a result of reclassifications to earnings following the discontinuance of any cash flow hedges.
The following table presents pre-tax gains and losses for our energy commodity derivatives not designated as hedging instruments.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Revenues | | $ | 46 | | | $ | 37 | |
Costs and operating expenses | | | 28 | | | | 33 | |
| | | | | | |
Net gain | | $ | 18 | | | $ | 4 | |
| | | | | | |
The cash flow impact of our derivative activities is presented in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows aschanges in current and noncurrent derivative assets and liabilities.
Credit-risk-related features
Certain of our derivative contracts contain credit-risk-related provisions that would require us, in certain circumstances, to post additional collateral in support of our net derivative liability positions. These credit-risk-related provisions require us to post collateral in the form of cash or letters of credit when our net liability positions exceed an established credit threshold. The credit thresholds are typically based on our senior unsecured debt ratings from Standard and Poor’s and/or Moody’s Investors Service. Under these contracts, a credit ratings decline would lower our credit thresholds, thus requiring us to post additional collateral. We also have contracts that contain adequate assurance provisions giving the counterparty the right to request collateral in an amount that corresponds to the outstanding net liability. Additionally, Exploration & Production has an unsecured credit agreement with certain banks related to hedging activities. We are not required to provide collateral support for net derivative liability positions under the credit agreement as long as the value of Exploration & Production’s domestic natural gas reserves, as determined under the provisions of the agreement, exceeds by a specified amount certain of its obligations including any outstanding debt and the aggregate out-of-the-money position on hedges entered into under the credit agreement.
82
Notes (continued)
As of December 31, 2010, we have collateral totaling $8 million, all of which is in the form of letters of credit, posted to derivative counterparties to support the aggregate fair value of our net derivative liability position (reflecting master netting arrangements in place with certain counterparties) of $36 million, which includes a reduction of less than $1 million to our liability balance for our own nonperformance risk. At December 31, 2009, we had collateral totaling $96 million posted to derivative counterparties, all of which was in the form of letters of credit, to support the aggregate fair value of our net derivative liability position (reflecting master netting arrangements in place with certain counterparties) of $167 million, which included a reduction of $3 million to our liability balance for our own nonperformance risk. The additional collateral that we would have been required to post, assuming our credit thresholds were eliminated and a call for adequate assurance under the credit risk provisions in our derivative contracts was triggered, was $29 million and $74 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Cash flow hedges
Changes in the fair value of our cash flow hedges, to the extent effective, are deferred in AOCI and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods in which the hedged forecasted purchases or sales affect earnings, or when it is probable that the hedged forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period. As of December 31, 2010, we have hedged portions of future cash flows associated with anticipated energy commodity purchases and sales for up to two years. Based on recorded values at December 31, 2010, $148 million of net gains (net of income tax provision of $88 million) will be reclassified into earnings within the next year. These recorded values are based on market prices of the commodities as of December 31, 2010. Due to the volatile nature of commodity prices and changes in the creditworthiness of counterparties, actual gains or losses realized within the next year will likely differ from these values. These gains or losses are expected to substantially offset net losses or gains that will be realized in earnings from previous unfavorable or favorable market movements associated with underlying hedged transactions.
Guarantees
In addition to the guarantees and payment obligations discussed in Note 16, we have issued guarantees and other similar arrangements as discussed below.
We are required by our revolving credit agreements to indemnify lenders for any taxes required to be withheld from payments due to the lenders and for any tax payments made by the lenders. The maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnifications is based on the related borrowings and such future payments cannot currently be determined. These indemnifications generally continue indefinitely unless limited by the underlying tax regulations and have no carrying value. We have never been called upon to perform under these indemnifications and have no current expectation of a future claim.
We have provided a guarantee in the event of nonpayment by our previously owned communications subsidiary, WilTel, on a certain lease performance obligation that extends through 2042. The maximum potential exposure is approximately $39 million at December 31, 2010 and $40 million at December 31, 2009. Our exposure declines systematically throughout the remaining term of WilTel’s obligation. The carrying value of the guarantee included inaccrued liabilitieson the Consolidated Balance Sheet is $35 million at December 31, 2010 and $36 million at December 31, 2009.
At December 31, 2010, we do not expect these guarantees to have a material impact on our future liquidity or financial position. However, if we are required to perform on these guarantees in the future, it may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Cash equivalents
Our cash equivalents are primarily invested in funds with high-quality, short-term securities and instruments that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government.
83
Notes (continued)
Accounts and notes receivable
The following table summarizes concentration of receivables, net of allowances, by product or service:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Receivables by product or service: | | | | | | | | |
Sale of natural gas and related products and services | | $ | 635 | | | $ | 599 | |
Transportation of natural gas and related products | | | 149 | | | | 160 | |
Joint interest | | | 71 | | | | 56 | |
Other | | | 4 | | | | 1 | |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 859 | | | $ | 816 | |
| | | | | | |
Natural gas customers include pipelines, distribution companies, producers, gas marketers and industrial users primarily located in the eastern and northwestern United States, Rocky Mountains, Gulf Coast, and Canada. As a general policy, collateral is not required for receivables, but customers’ financial condition and credit worthiness are evaluated regularly.
Derivative assets and liabilities
We have a risk of loss from counterparties not performing pursuant to the terms of their contractual obligations. Counterparty performance can be influenced by changes in the economy and regulatory issues, among other factors. Risk of loss is impacted by several factors, including credit considerations and the regulatory environment in which a counterparty transacts. We attempt to minimize credit-risk exposure to derivative counterparties and brokers through formal credit policies, consideration of credit ratings from public ratings agencies, monitoring procedures, master netting agreements and collateral support under certain circumstances. Collateral support could include letters of credit, payment under margin agreements, and guarantees of payment by credit worthy parties. The gross credit exposure from our derivative contracts as of December 31, 2010, is summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Investment | | | | |
Counterparty Type | | Grade(a) | | | Total | |
| | (Millions) | |
Gas and electric utilities | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 8 | |
Energy marketers and traders | | | — | | | | 133 | |
Financial institutions | | | 432 | | | | 432 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 439 | | | | 573 | |
| | | | | | | |
Credit reserves | | | | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
Gross credit exposure from derivatives | | | | | | $ | 573 | |
| | | | | | | |
We assess our credit exposure on a net basis to reflect master netting agreements in place with certain counterparties. We offset our credit exposure to each counterparty with amounts we owe the counterparty under derivative contracts. The net credit exposure from our derivatives as of December 31, 2010, excluding collateral support discussed below, is summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Investment | | | | |
Counterparty Type | | Grade(a) | | | Total | |
| | (Millions) | |
Gas and electric utilities | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 3 | |
Financial institutions | | | 317 | | | | 317 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 320 | | | | 320 | |
| | | | | | | |
Credit reserves | | | | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
Net credit exposure from derivatives | | | | | | $ | 320 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | |
(a) | | We determine investment grade primarily using publicly available credit ratings. We include counterparties with a minimum Standard & Poor’s rating of BBB- or Moody’s Investors Service rating of Baa3 in investment grade. |
Our nine largest net counterparty positions represent approximately 99 percent of our net credit exposure from derivatives and are all with investment grade counterparties. Included within this group are eight counterparty positions, representing 81 percent of our net credit exposure from derivatives, associated with Exploration &
84
Notes (continued)
Production’s hedging facility. Under certain conditions, the terms of this credit agreement may require the participating financial institutions to deliver collateral support to a designated collateral agent (which is another participating financial institution in the agreement). The level of collateral support required is dependent on whether the net position of the counterparty financial institution exceeds specified thresholds. The thresholds may be subject to prescribed reductions based on changes in the credit rating of the counterparty financial institution.
At December 31, 2010, the designated collateral agent holds $19 million of collateral support on our behalf under Exploration & Production’s hedging facility. In addition, we hold collateral support, which may include cash or letters of credit, of $15 million related to our other derivative positions.
Revenues
In 2010 we had one customer in our Williams Partners segment that accounted for 10 percent of our consolidated revenues. In 2009, and 2008, there were no customers for which our sales exceeded 10 percent of our consolidated revenues.
Note 16. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments
Issues Resulting from California Energy Crisis
Our former power business was engaged in power marketing in various geographic areas, including California. Prices charged for power by us and other traders and generators in California and other western states in 2000 and 2001 were challenged in various proceedings, including those before the FERC. We have entered into settlements with the State of California (State Settlement), major California utilities (Utilities Settlement), and others that substantially resolved each of these issues with these parties.
Although the State Settlement and Utilities Settlement resolved a significant portion of the refund issues among the settling parties, we continue to have potential refund exposure to nonsettling parties, including various California end users that did not participate in the Utilities Settlement. We are currently in settlement negotiations with certain California utilities aimed at eliminating or substantially reducing this exposure. If successful, and subject to a final “true-up” mechanism, the settlement agreement would also resolve our collection of accrued interest from counterparties as well as our payment of accrued interest on refund amounts. Thus, as currently contemplated by the parties, the settlement agreement would resolve most, if not all, of our legal issues arising from the 2000-2001 California Energy Crisis.
As a result of a 2008 U.S. Supreme Court decision, certain contracts that we entered into during 2000 and 2001 might have been subject to partial refunds depending on the results of further proceedings at the FERC. These contracts, under which we sold electricity, totaled approximately $89 million in revenue. While we were not a party to the cases involved in the U.S. Supreme Court decision, the buyer of electricity from us is a party to the cases and claimed that we must refund to the buyer any loss it suffers due to the FERC’s reconsideration of the contract terms at issue in the decision. In August 2010, the FERC ruled that settlement of the separate claims against the buyer required the dismissal of the buyer’s claims against us.
Certain other issues also remain open at the FERC and for other nonsettling parties.
Reporting of Natural Gas-Related Information to Trade Publications
Civil suits based on allegations of manipulating published gas price indices have been brought against us and others, in each case seeking an unspecified amount of damages. We are currently a defendant in class action litigation and other litigation originally filed in state court in Colorado, Kansas, Missouri and Wisconsin brought on behalf of direct and indirect purchasers of gas in those states.
| • | | The federal court in Nevada currently presides over cases that were transferred to it from state courts in Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, and Wisconsin. In 2008, the federal court in Nevada granted summary judgment in the Colorado case in favor of us and most of the other defendants, and on January 8, 2009, the court denied the plaintiffs’ request for reconsideration of the Colorado dismissal. We expect that the |
85
Notes (continued)
| | | Colorado plaintiffs will appeal, but the appeal cannot occur until the case against the remaining defendant is concluded. In the other cases, our joint motions for summary judgment to preclude the plaintiffs’ state law claims based upon federal preemption have been pending since late 2009. If the motions are granted, we expect a final judgment in our favor which the plaintiffs could appeal. If the motions are denied, the current stay of activity would be lifted, class certification would be addressed, and discovery would be completed as the cases proceeded towards trial. Additionally, we would be unable to estimate a revised range of exposure until certain of these matters were resolved. However, it would be reasonably possible that such a range could include levels that would be material to our results of operations. |
|
| • | | On April 23, 2010, the Tennessee Supreme Court reversed the state appellate court and dismissed the plaintiffs’ claims against us on federal preemption grounds. The plaintiffs did not appeal this ruling to the United States Supreme Court. This case is now concluded in our favor. |
|
| • | | On September 24, 2010, the Missouri Supreme Court declined to hear the plaintiff’s appeal of the trial court’s dismissal of a case for lack of standing. The case is now concluded in our favor. |
Environmental Matters
Continuing operations
Our interstate gas pipelines are involved in remediation activities related to certain facilities and locations for polychlorinated biphenyl, mercury contamination, and other hazardous substances. These activities have involved the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and various state environmental authorities. At December 31, 2010 we have accrued liabilities of $12 million for these costs. We expect that these costs will be recoverable through rates.
We also accrue environmental remediation costs for natural gas underground storage facilities, primarily related to soil and groundwater contamination. At December 31, 2010, we have accrued liabilities totaling $6 million for these costs.
In March 2008, the EPA proposed a penalty of $370,000 for alleged violations relating to leak detection and repair program delays at our Ignacio gas plant in Colorado and for alleged permit violations at a compressor station. We met with the EPA and are exchanging information in order to resolve the issues.
In September 2007, the EPA requested, and our Transco subsidiary later provided, information regarding natural gas compressor stations in the states of Mississippi and Alabama as part of the EPA’s investigation of our compliance with the Clean Air Act. On March 28, 2008, the EPA issued notices of violation alleging violations of Clean Air Act requirements at these compressor stations. We met with the EPA in May 2008 and submitted our response denying the allegations in June 2008. In July 2009, the EPA requested additional information pertaining to these compressor stations and in August 2009, we submitted the requested information. On August 20, 2010, the EPA requested and our Transco subsidiary provided, similar information for a compressor station in Maryland.
Former operations, including operations classified as discontinued
We have potential obligations in connection with assets and businesses we no longer operate. These potential obligations include the indemnification of the purchasers of certain of these assets and businesses for environmental and other liabilities existing at the time the sale was consummated. Our responsibilities include those described below.
| • | | Potential indemnification obligations to purchasers of our former agricultural fertilizer and chemical operations and former retail petroleum and refining operations; |
|
| • | | Former petroleum products and natural gas pipelines; |
|
| • | | Discontinued petroleum refining facilities; |
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Notes (continued)
| • | | Former exploration and production and mining operations. |
At December 31, 2010, we have accrued environmental liabilities of $31 million related to these matters.
Actual costs for these matters could be substantially greater than amounts accrued depending on the actual number of contaminated sites identified, the actual amount and extent of contamination discovered, the final cleanup standards mandated by the EPA and other governmental authorities. Any incremental amount cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
Certain of our subsidiaries have been identified as potentially responsible parties at various Superfund and state waste disposal sites. In addition, these subsidiaries have incurred, or are alleged to have incurred, various other hazardous materials removal or remediation obligations under environmental laws.
Environmental matters — general
The EPA and various state regulatory agencies routinely promulgate and propose new rules, and issue updated guidance to existing rules. These new rules and rulemakings include, but are not limited to, rules for reciprocating internal combustion engine maximum achievable control technology, new air quality standards for ground level ozone, and one hour nitrogen dioxide emission limits. We are unable to estimate the costs of asset additions or modifications necessary to comply with these new regulations due to uncertainty created by the various legal challenges to these regulations and the need for further specific regulatory guidance.
Other Legal Matters
Gulf Liquids litigation
Gulf Liquids contracted with Gulsby Engineering Inc. (Gulsby) and Gulsby-Bay (a joint venture between Gulsby and Bay Ltd.) for the construction of certain gas processing plants in Louisiana. National American Insurance Company (NAICO) and American Home Assurance Company provided payment and performance bonds for the projects. In 2001, the contractors and sureties filed multiple cases in Louisiana and Texas against Gulf Liquids and us.
In 2006, at the conclusion of the consolidated trial of the asserted contract and tort claims, the jury returned its actual and punitive damages verdict against us and Gulf Liquids. Based on our interpretation of the jury verdicts, we recorded a charge based on our estimated exposure for actual damages of approximately $68 million plus potential interest of approximately $20 million. In addition, we concluded that it was reasonably possible that any ultimate judgment might have included additional amounts of approximately $199 million in excess of our accrual, which primarily represented our estimate of potential punitive damage exposure under Texas law.
From May through October 2007, the court entered seven post-trial orders in the case (interlocutory orders) which, among other things, overruled the verdict award of tort and punitive damages as well as any damages against us. The court also denied the plaintiffs’ claims for attorneys’ fees. On January 28, 2008, the court issued its judgment awarding damages against Gulf Liquids of approximately $11 million in favor of Gulsby and approximately $4 million in favor of Gulsby-Bay. Gulf Liquids, Gulsby, Gulsby-Bay, Bay Ltd., and NAICO appealed the judgment. In February 2009, we settled with certain of these parties and reduced our liability as of December 31, 2008, by $43 million, including $11 million of interest. On February 17, 2011, the Texas Court of Appeals upheld the dismissals of the tort and punitive damages claims and reversed and remanded the contract claim and attorney fee claims for further proceedings. The appellate court ruling is subject to a potential appeal to the Texas Supreme Court. If the appellate court judgment is upheld, our remaining liability will be substantially less than the amount of our accrual for these matters.
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Notes (continued)
Royalty litigation
In September 2006, royalty interest owners in Garfield County, Colorado, filed a class action suit in Colorado state court alleging that we improperly calculated oil and gas royalty payments, failed to account for the proceeds that we received from the sale of gas and extracted products, improperly charged certain expenses, and failed to refund amounts withheld in excess of ad valorem tax obligations. We reached a final partial settlement agreement for an amount that was previously accrued. We received a favorable ruling on our motion for summary judgment on one claim now on appeal by plaintiffs. We anticipate trial on the other remaining issue related to royalty payment calculation and obligations under specific lease provisions in 2011. While we are not able to estimate the amount of any additional exposure at this time, it is reasonably possible that plaintiff’s claims could reach a material amount.
Other producers have been in litigation or discussions with a federal regulatory agency and a state agency in New Mexico regarding certain deductions used in the calculation of royalties. Although we are not a party to these matters, we have monitored them to evaluate whether their resolution might have the potential for unfavorable impact on our results of operations. One of these matters involving federal litigation was decided on October 5, 2009. The resolution of this specific matter is not material to us. However, other related issues in these matters that could be material to us remain outstanding. We received notice from the U.S. Department of Interior Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) in the fourth quarter of 2010, intending to clarify the guidelines for calculating federal royalties on conventional gas production applicable to our federal leases in New Mexico. The ONRR’s guidance provides its view as to how much of a producer’s bundled fees for transportation and processing can be deducted from the royalty payment. Using these guidelines would not result in a material difference in determining our historical federal royalty payments for our leases in New Mexico. No similar specific guidance has been issued by ONRR for leases in other states, but such guidelines are expected in the future. The issuance of similar guidelines in Colorado and other states could affect our previous royalty payments and the effect could be material to our results of operations.
Other
In 2003, we entered into an agreement to sublease certain underground storage facilities to Liberty Gas Storage (Liberty). We have asserted claims against Liberty for prematurely terminating the sublease, and for damage caused to the facilities. In February 2011, Liberty subsequently indicated that they intend to assert a counterclaim for costs in excess of $200 million associated with its use of the facilities. Due to the lack of information currently available, we are unable to evaluate the merits of the potential counterclaim and determine the amount of any possible liability.
Other Divestiture Indemnifications
Pursuant to various purchase and sale agreements relating to divested businesses and assets, we have indemnified certain purchasers against liabilities that they may incur with respect to the businesses and assets acquired from us. The indemnities provided to the purchasers are customary in sale transactions and are contingent upon the purchasers incurring liabilities that are not otherwise recoverable from third parties. The indemnities generally relate to breach of warranties, tax, historic litigation, personal injury, property damage, environmental matters, right of way and other representations that we have provided.
At December 31, 2010, we do not expect any of the indemnities provided pursuant to the sales agreements to have a material impact on our future financial position. However, if a claim for indemnity is brought against us in the future, it may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period in which the claim is made.
In addition to the foregoing, various other proceedings are pending against us which are incidental to our operations.
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Notes (continued)
Summary
Litigation, arbitration, regulatory matters, and environmental matters are subject to inherent uncertainties. Were an unfavorable ruling to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on the results of operations in the period in which the ruling occurs. Management, including internal counsel, currently believes that the ultimate resolution of the foregoing matters, taken as a whole and after consideration of amounts accrued, insurance coverage, recovery from customers or other indemnification arrangements, will not have a material adverse effect upon our future liquidity or financial position.
Commitments
Commitments for construction and acquisition of property, plant and equipment are approximately $226 million at December 31, 2010.
As part of managing our commodity price risk, we utilize contracted pipeline capacity primarily to move our natural gas production to other locations with more favorable pricing differentials. Our commitments under these contracts are as follows:
| | | | |
| | (Millions) | |
2011 | | $ | 143 | |
2012 | | | 137 | |
2013 | | | 125 | |
2014 | | | 127 | |
2015 | | | 120 | |
Thereafter | | | 404 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 1,056 | |
| | | |
We also have certain commitments to an equity investee for natural gas gathering and treating services which total $181 million over approximately seven years.
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Notes (continued)
Note 17. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The table below presents changes in the components ofaccumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Income (Loss) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Other | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Postretirement | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Pension Benefits | | | Benefits | | | | |
| | | | | | Foreign | | | Prior | | | Net | | | Prior | | | Net | | | | |
| | Cash Flow | | | Currency | | | Service | | | Actuarial | | | Service | | | Actuarial | | | | |
| | Hedges | | | Translation | | | Cost | | | Gain (Loss) | | | Cost | | | Gain (Loss) | | | Total | |
| | (Millions) | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | (157 | ) | | $ | 129 | | | $ | (4 | ) | | $ | (97 | ) | | $ | (3 | ) | | $ | 11 | | | $ | (121 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008 Change: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pre-income tax amount | | | 714 | | | | (76 | ) | | | — | | | | (565 | ) | | | 16 | | | | (15 | ) | | | 74 | |
Income tax (provision) benefit | | | (270 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 213 | | | | (8 | ) | | | 6 | | | | (59 | ) |
Net reclassification into earnings of derivative instrument losses (net of a $7 million income tax benefit) | | | 11 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 11 | |
Amortization included in net periodic benefit expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | 13 | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 15 | |
Income tax provision on amortization | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (5 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 455 | | | | (76 | ) | | | 1 | | | | (344 | ) | | | 9 | | | | (9 | ) | | | 36 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allocation of other comprehensive income (loss) to noncontrolling interests | | | (2 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 7 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | | 296 | | | | 53 | | | | (3 | ) | | | (434 | ) | | | 6 | | | | 2 | | | | (80 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2009 Change: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pre-income tax amount | | | 262 | | | | 83 | | | | — | | | | 44 | | | | 7 | | | | (1 | ) | | | 395 | |
Income tax (provision) benefit | | | (99 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (17 | ) | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | (115 | ) |
Net reclassification into earnings of derivative instrument gains (net of a $234 million income tax provision) | | | (384 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (384 | ) |
Amortization included in net periodic benefit expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | 42 | | | | (4 | ) | | | — | | | | 39 | |
Income tax (provision) benefit on amortization | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1 | ) | | | (16 | ) | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | (16 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (221 | ) | | | 83 | | | | — | | | | 53 | | | | 4 | | | | — | | | | (81 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allocation of other comprehensive income to noncontrolling interests | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (7 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2009 | | | 75 | | | | 136 | | | | (3 | ) | | | (388 | ) | | | 10 | | | | 2 | | | | (168 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2010 Change: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pre-income tax amount | | | 488 | | | | 29 | | | | — | | | | (71 | ) | | | — | | | | (12 | ) | | | 434 | |
Income tax (provision) benefit | | | (185 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 24 | | | | — | | | | 3 | | | | (158 | ) |
Net reclassification into earnings of derivative instrument gains (net of a $131 million income tax provision) | | | (211 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (211 | ) |
Amortization included in net periodic benefit expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | 35 | | | | (5 | ) | | | 1 | | | | 32 | |
Income tax (provision) benefit on amortization | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (13 | ) | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | (11 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 92 | | | | 29 | | | | 1 | | | | (25 | ) | | | (3 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | 86 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allocation of other comprehensive income to noncontrolling interests | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2010 | | $ | 167 | | | $ | 165 | | | $ | (2 | ) | | $ | (413 | ) | | $ | 7 | | | $ | (6 | ) | | $ | (82 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 18. Segment Disclosures
Our reporting segments are Williams Partners, Exploration & Production, and Midstream Canada & Olefins. All remaining business activities are included in Other. (See Note 1.)
Our segment presentation of Williams Partners is reflective of the parent-level focus by our chief operating decision-maker, considering the resource allocation and governance provisions associated with this master limited partnership structure. WPZ maintains a capital and cash management structure that is separate from ours. WPZ is self-funding and maintains its own lines of bank credit and cash management accounts. These factors, coupled with a different cost of capital from our other businesses, serve to differentiate the management of this entity as a whole.
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Notes (continued)
Performance Measurement
We currently evaluate performance based uponsegment profit (loss)from operations, which includessegment revenuesfrom external and internal customers,segment costs and expenses,equity earnings (losses)andincome (loss) from investments. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 1. Intersegment sales are generally accounted for at current market prices as if the sales were to unaffiliated third parties.
The primary types of costs and operating expenses by segment can be generally summarized as follows:
| • | | Williams Partners — commodity purchases (primarily for NGL and crude marketing, shrink and fuel), depreciation and operation and maintenance expenses; |
|
| • | | Exploration & Production — commodity purchases (primarily in support of commodity marketing and risk management activities), depletion, depreciation and amortization, lease and facility operating expenses and operating taxes; |
|
| • | | Midstream Canada & Olefins — commodity purchases (primarily for shrink, feedstock and NGL and olefin marketing activities), depreciation and operation and maintenance expenses. |
Energy commodity hedging by our business units may be done through intercompany derivatives with our Exploration & Production segment which, in turn, enters into offsetting derivative contracts with unrelated third parties. Additionally, Exploration & Production may enter into transactions directly with third parties under their credit agreement. (See Note 11.) Exploration & Production bears the counterparty performance risks associated with the unrelated third parties in these transactions.
The following geographic area data includesrevenues from external customersbased on product shipment origin andlong-lived assetsbased upon physical location.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | United States | | Other | | Total |
| | (Millions) |
Revenues from external customers: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2010 | | $ | 9,343 | | | $ | 257 | | | $ | 9,600 | |
2009 | | | 8,048 | | | | 190 | | | | 8,238 | |
2008 | | | 11,590 | | | | 261 | | | | 11,851 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-lived assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2010 | | $ | 19,740 | | | $ | 527 | | | $ | 20,267 | |
2009 | | | 19,185 | | | | 410 | | | | 19,595 | |
2008 | | | 18,348 | | | | 335 | | | | 18,683 | |
Our foreign operations are primarily located in Canada and South America.Long-lived assets are comprised of property, plant, and equipment, goodwill, and other intangible assets.
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Notes (continued)
The following table reflects the reconciliation ofsegment revenuesandsegment profit (loss) torevenuesandoperating income (loss)as reported in the Consolidated Statement of Operations andother financial informationrelated tolong-lived assets.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Midstream | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Williams | | | Exploration & | | | Canada & | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Partners | | | Production | | | Olefins | | | Other | | | Eliminations | | | Total | |
| | (Millions) | |
2010 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External | | $ | 5,344 | | | $ | 3,229 | | | $ | 1,017 | | | $ | 10 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 9,600 | |
Internal | | | 371 | | | | 797 | | | | 16 | | | | 14 | | | | (1,198 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 5,715 | | | $ | 4,026 | | | $ | 1,033 | | | $ | 24 | | | $ | (1,198 | ) | | $ | 9,600 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment profit (loss) | | $ | 1,574 | | | $ | (1,335 | ) | | $ | 172 | | | $ | 68 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 479 | |
Less: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity earnings (losses) | | | 109 | | | | 20 | | | | — | | | | 34 | | | | — | | | | 163 | |
Income (loss) from investments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 43 | | | | — | | | | 43 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | $ | 1,465 | | | $ | (1,355 | ) | | $ | 172 | | | $ | (9 | ) | | $ | — | | | | 273 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General corporate expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (221 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating income (loss) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 52 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other financial information: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to long-lived assets* | | $ | 904 | | | $ | 2,857 | | | $ | 104 | | | $ | 25 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,890 | |
Depreciation, depletion & amortization | | $ | 568 | | | $ | 884 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 21 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,496 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External | | $ | 4,359 | | | $ | 3,126 | | | $ | 738 | | | $ | 15 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,238 | |
Internal | | | 243 | | | | 541 | | | | 15 | | | | 12 | | | | (811 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 4,602 | | | $ | 3,667 | | | $ | 753 | | | $ | 27 | | | $ | (811 | ) | | $ | 8,238 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment profit (loss) | | $ | 1,317 | | | $ | 401 | | | $ | 37 | | | $ | (39 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,716 | |
Less: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity earnings (losses) | | | 81 | | | | 18 | | | | — | | | | 37 | | | | — | | | | 136 | |
Income (loss) from investments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (75 | ) | | | — | | | | (75 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | $ | 1,236 | | | $ | 383 | | | $ | 37 | | | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | — | | | | 1,655 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General corporate expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (164 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating income (loss) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,491 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other financial information: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to long-lived assets | | $ | 1,023 | | | $ | 1,302 | | | $ | 42 | | | $ | 28 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,395 | |
Depreciation, depletion & amortization | | $ | 553 | | | $ | 859 | | | $ | 21 | | | $ | 19 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,452 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External | | $ | 5,545 | | | $ | 5,091 | | | $ | 1,206 | | | $ | 9 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,851 | |
Internal | | | 302 | | | | 1,065 | | | | 27 | | | | 15 | | | | (1,409 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 5,847 | | | $ | 6,156 | | | $ | 1,233 | | | $ | 24 | | | $ | (1,409 | ) | | $ | 11,851 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment profit (loss) | | $ | 1,425 | | | $ | 1,401 | | | $ | 112 | | | $ | 30 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,968 | |
Less: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity earnings (losses) | | | 76 | | | | 20 | | | | — | | | | 41 | | | | — | | | | 137 | |
Income (loss) from investments | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | $ | 1,349 | | | $ | 1,381 | | | $ | 111 | | | $ | (11 | ) | | $ | — | | | | 2,830 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General corporate expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (149 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating income (loss) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 2,681 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other financial information: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to long-lived assets | | $ | 1,212 | | | $ | 2,400 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 41 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,676 | |
Depreciation, depletion & amortization | | $ | 518 | | | $ | 702 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 16 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,259 | |
| | |
* | | Does not include WPZ’s purchase of a business represented by certain gathering and processing assets in Colorado’s Piceance basin from Exploration & Production. (See Note 1.) |
Total segment revenues for Exploration & Production include $1,743 million, $1,456 million and $3,244 million of gas management revenues for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Gas management revenues include sales of natural gas in conjunction with marketing services provided to third parties and intercompany sales of fuel and shrink gas to the midstream businesses in Williams Partners. These revenues are substantially offset by similar amounts of gas management costs.
92
Notes (continued)
The following table reflectstotal assetsandequity method investmentsby reporting segment, including discontinued operations.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total Assets | | | Equity Method Investments | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Williams Partners | | $ | 13,404 | | | $ | 12,479 | | | $ | 1,045 | | | $ | 593 | | | $ | 524 | |
Exploration & Production | | | 9,827 | | | | 10,084 | | | | 104 | | | | 95 | | | | 87 | |
Midstream Canada & Olefins | | | 922 | | | | 835 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Other | | | 3,481 | | | | 3,654 | | | | 193 | | | | 196 | | | | 336 | |
Eliminations | | | (2,662 | ) | | | (1,772 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 24,972 | | | $ | 25,280 | | | $ | 1,342 | | | $ | 884 | | | $ | 947 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 19. Subsequent Events
On February 16, 2011, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a reorganization plan to separate the company into two standalone, publicly traded corporations. The plan calls for the separation of our exploration and production business into a publicly traded company via an initial public offering of up to 20 percent of our interest in the third quarter of 2011. We intend to complete the offering so that it preserves our ability to complete a tax-free spinoff of our remaining ownership in the exploration and production business to Williams’ shareholders in 2012, after which Williams would continue as a premier natural gas infrastructure company. We retain the discretion to determine whether and when to execute the spinoff.
Information subsequent to date of report of independent registered public accounting firm
On April 29, 2011, our wholly owned subsidiary, WPX Energy, Inc. (WPX), filed a registration statement with the SEC with respect to an initial public offering of its equity securities.
93
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
(Unaudited)
Summarized quarterly financial data are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First | | Second | | Third | | Fourth |
| | Quarter | | Quarter | | Quarter | | Quarter |
| | (Millions, except per-share amounts) |
2010 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | 2,591 | | | $ | 2,289 | | | $ | 2,300 | | | $ | 2,420 | |
Costs and operating expenses | | | 1,917 | | | | 1,717 | | | | 1,748 | | | | 1,782 | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (148 | ) | | | 225 | | | | (1,221 | ) | | | 232 | |
Net income (loss) | | | (146 | ) | | | 222 | | | | (1,226 | ) | | | 228 | |
Amounts attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc.: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (195 | ) | | | 188 | | | | (1,258 | ) | | | 178 | |
Net income (loss) | | | (193 | ) | | | 185 | | | | (1,263 | ) | | | 174 | |
Basic earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (0.33 | ) | | | 0.32 | | | | (2.15 | ) | | | 0.31 | |
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (0.33 | ) | | | 0.31 | | | | (2.15 | ) | | | 0.30 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | 1,916 | | | $ | 1,906 | | | $ | 2,095 | | | $ | 2,321 | |
Costs and operating expenses | | | 1,437 | | | | 1,387 | | | | 1,533 | | | | 1,702 | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 22 | | | | 153 | | | | 193 | | | | 222 | |
Net income (loss) | | | (224 | ) | | | 169 | | | | 194 | | | | 222 | |
Amounts attributable to The Williams Companies, Inc.: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 5 | | | | 125 | | | | 142 | | | | 172 | |
Net income (loss) | | | (172 | ) | | | 142 | | | | 143 | | | | 172 | |
Basic earnings per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 0.01 | | | | 0.21 | | | | 0.24 | | | | 0.30 | |
Diluted earnings per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 0.01 | | | | 0.21 | | | | 0.24 | | | | 0.29 | |
The sum of earnings per share for the four quarters may not equal the total earnings per share for the year due to changes in the average number of common shares outstanding and rounding.
Net incomefor fourth-quarter 2010 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $19 million unfavorable adjustment to depletion expense related to a correction of prior years’ production volumes used in the calculation of depletion expense at Exploration & Production (see Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); |
|
| • | | $11 million unfavorable adjustment to depreciation, depletion and amortization expense related to a correction of prior years’ costs used in the calculation of depreciation, depletion, and amortization expenses at Exploration & Production. |
Net incomefor fourth-quarter 2010 also includes the following tax adjustments:
| • | | $66 million provision to reflect taxes on undistributed earnings of certain foreign operations that are no longer consider permanently reinvested (see Note 5); |
|
| • | | $65 million benefit to decrease state income taxes (net of federal benefit) due to a reduction in our estimate of the effective deferred state rate, including state income tax carryovers (see Note 5). |
94
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA — (Continued)
Net lossfor third-quarter 2010 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $1,003 million impairment of goodwill at Exploration & Production (see Notes 4 and 14); |
|
| • | | $678 million of impairments of certain producing properties and acquired unproved reserves at Exploration & Production (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $30 million gain related to the sale of our 50 percent interest in Accroven at Other (see Note 3); |
|
| • | | $15 million of exploratory dry hole costs at Exploration & Production (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $12 million gain on the sale of certain assets at Williams Partners (see Note 4). |
|
| • | | Net incomefor second-quarter 2010 includes the following pre-tax items: |
|
| • | | $13 million gain related to the sale of our 50 percent interest in Accroven at Other (see Note 3); |
|
| • | | $11 million of involuntary conversion gains due to insurance recoveries that are in excess of the carrying value of assets at Williams Partners (see Note 4). |
Net lossfor first-quarter 2010 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $606 million of early debt retirement costs consisting primarily of cash premiums of $574 million (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $39 million of other transaction costs associated with our strategic restructuring transaction, of which $4 million are attributable to noncontrolling interests (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $4 million of accelerated amortization of debt costs related to amendments of credit facilities (see Note 4). |
Net incomefor fourth-quarter 2009 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $40 million gain related to the sale of our Cameron Meadows processing plant at Williams Partners (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $17 million unfavorable depletion adjustment at Exploration & Production primarily as the result of new oil and gas accounting guidance that requires we value our reserves using an average price; |
|
| • | | $15 million impairment of certain natural gas properties at Exploration & Production (see Note 4). |
Net incomefor second-quarter 2009 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $15 million gain related to our former coal operations (see summarized results of discontinued operations at Note 2); |
|
| • | | $11 million of income related to the recovery of certain royalty overpayments from prior periods at Exploration & Production. |
Net lossfor first-quarter 2009 includes the following pre-tax items:
| • | | $211 million impairment of Venezuela property, plant, and equipment (see summarized results of discontinued operations at Note 2); |
|
| • | | $75 million impairment of a Venezuelan investment in Accroven at Other (see Note 3); |
95
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA — (Continued)
| • | | $48 million of bad debt expense related to our discontinued Venezuela operations (see summarized results of discontinued operations at Note 2); |
|
| • | | $30 million net charge related to the write-off of certain deferred charges related to our discontinued Venezuela operations (see summarized results of discontinued operations at Note 2); |
|
| • | | $34 million of penalties from early release of drilling rigs at Exploration & Production (see Note 4); |
|
| • | | $11 million impairment of a Venezuelan cost-based investment at Exploration & Production (see Note 3). |
Net lossfor first-quarter 2009 also includes a $76 million benefit from the reversal of deferred tax balances related to our discontinued Venezuela operations (see summarized results of discontinued operations at Note 2).
96
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS DISCLOSURES
(Unaudited)
We have significant oil and gas producing activities primarily in the Rocky Mountain, Northeast and Mid-continent areas of the United States. Additionally, we have international oil and gas producing activities, primarily in Argentina. Proved reserves and revenues related to international activities are approximately five percent and three percent, respectively, of our total international and domestic proved reserves and revenues from producing activities. Accordingly, the following information relates only to the oil and gas activities in the United States. This information also excludes our gas management activities.
The following information includes our Arkoma basin operations which have been reported as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements. These operations represent approximately one percent or less of our total domestic and international proved reserves and revenues from producing activities for all periods presented.
Capitalized Costs
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Proved Properties | | $ | 9,780 | | | $ | 9,165 | |
Unproved properties | | | 2,170 | | | | 953 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 11,950 | | | | 10,118 | |
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization and valuation provisions | | | (3,864 | ) | | | (3,212 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net capitalized costs | | $ | 8,086 | | | $ | 6,906 | |
| | | | | | |
| • | | Excluded from capitalized costs are equipment and facilities in support of oil and gas production of $320 million and $272 million, net, for 2010 and 2009, respectively. |
|
| • | | Proved properties include capitalized costs for oil and gas leaseholds holding proved reserves, development wells including uncompleted development well costs, and successful exploratory wells. |
|
| • | | Unproved properties consist primarily of unproved leasehold costs and costs for acquired unproven reserves. |
Cost Incurred
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For The Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Acquisition | | $ | 1,731 | | | $ | 305 | | | $ | 543 | |
Exploration | | | 22 | | | | 51 | | | | 38 | |
Development | | | 988 | | | | 878 | | | | 1,699 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 2,741 | | | $ | 1,234 | | | $ | 2,280 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| • | | Costs incurred include capitalized and expensed items. |
|
| • | | Acquisition costs are as follows: The 2010 costs are primarily for additional leasehold in the Williston and Marcellus basins and include approximately $355 million of proved property values. The 2009 costs are primarily for additional leasehold and reserve acquisitions in the Piceance basin, and include $85 million of proved property values. The 2008 costs are primarily for additional leasehold and reserve acquisitions in the Piceance and Fort Worth basins. Included in the 2008 acquisition amounts is $140 million of proved property values and $71 million related to an interest in a portion of acquired assets that a third party subsequently exercised its contractual option to purchase from us, on the same terms and conditions. |
|
| • | | Exploration costs include the costs incurred for geological and geophysical activity, drilling and equipping exploratory wells, including costs incurred during the year for wells determined to be dry holes, exploratory lease acquisitions, and retaining undeveloped leaseholds. |
|
| • | | Development costs include costs incurred to gain access to and prepare well locations for drilling and to drill and equip wells in our development basins. |
97
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS DISCLOSURES — (Continued)
Results of Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For The Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas revenues | | $ | 2,160 | | | $ | 2,093 | | | $ | 2,819 | |
Other revenues | | | 23 | | | | 42 | | | | 31 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 2,183 | | | | 2,135 | | | | 2,850 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Costs: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Production costs | | | 776 | | | | 627 | | | | 741 | |
General & administrative | | | 154 | | | | 151 | | | | 158 | |
Exploration expenses | | | 61 | | | | 58 | | | | 27 | |
Depreciation, depletion & amortization | | | 878 | | | | 851 | | | | 709 | |
Impairment of certain natural gas properties in the Fort Worth basin | | | 503 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Write down of costs associated with acquired unproven reserves | | | 175 | | | | 15 | | | | — | |
Impairment of certain natural gas properties in the Arkoma basin | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 143 | |
Other (income) expense | | | (6 | ) | | | 34 | | | | 2 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total costs | | | 2,542 | | | | 1,736 | | | | 1,780 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Results of operations | | | (359 | ) | | | 399 | | | | 1,070 | |
(Provision) benefit for income taxes | | | 134 | | | | (151 | ) | | | (404 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Exploration and production net income (loss) | | $ | (225 | ) | | $ | 248 | | | $ | 666 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| • | | Results of operations for producing activities consist of all related domestic oil and gas producing activities. Prior periods have been recast to reflect the impact of the sale of certain Piceance gathering and processing facilities to WPZ. Amounts for 2010 exclude a $1 billion impairment charge related to goodwill associated with the purchase of Barrett Resources Corporation (Barrett) in 2001. Amounts for 2008 exclude a $148 million gain on sale of a contractual right to a production payment on certain future international hydrocarbon production. |
|
| • | | Oil and gas revenues consist primarily of natural gas production sold and includes the impact of hedges. |
|
| • | | Other revenues consist of activities that are not a direct part of the producing activities. Other expenses in 2009 also include $32 million of expense related to penalties from the early release of drilling rigs. |
|
| • | | Production costs consist of costs incurred to operate and maintain wells and related equipment and facilities used in the production of natural gas. These costs also include production taxes other than income taxes, gathering, processing and transportation expenses (excluding charges for unutilized pipeline capacity), and administrative expenses in support of production activity. Excluded are depreciation, depletion and amortization of capitalized costs. |
|
| • | | Exploration expenses include the costs of geological and geophysical activity, drilling and equipping exploratory wells determined to be dry holes, and the cost of retaining undeveloped leaseholds including lease amortization and impairments. |
|
| • | | Depreciation, depletion and amortization includes depreciation of support equipment. Amounts for 2010 include $26 million related to corrections of prior years’ production volumes and costs used in the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization expense. Additionally, 2009 includes $17 million additional depreciation, depletion and amortization as a result of our recalculation of fourth quarter depreciation, depletion and amortization utilizing our year-end reserves which were lower than 2008. The lower reserves in 2009 were primarily a result of the application of new rules issued by the SEC in 2009. |
98
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS DISCLOSURES — (Continued)
Proved Reserves
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Bcfe) | |
Proved reserves at the beginning of period | | | 4,255 | | | | 4,339 | | | | 4,143 | |
Revisions | | | (233 | ) | | | (859 | ) | | | (220 | ) |
Purchases | | | 162 | | | | 159 | | | | 31 | |
Extensions and discoveries | | | 508 | | | | 1,051 | | | | 791 | |
Wellhead production | | | (420 | ) | | | (435 | ) | | | (406 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Proved reserves at the end of period | | | 4,272 | | | | 4,255 | | | | 4,339 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Proved developed reserves at end of period | | | 2,498 | | | | 2,387 | | | | 2,456 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| • | | The SEC defines proved oil and gas reserves (Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X) as those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible — from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations — prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract the hydrocarbons must have commenced or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project within a reasonable time. Proved reserves consist of two categories, proved developed reserves and proved undeveloped reserves. Proved developed reserves are currently producing wells and wells awaiting minor sales connection expenditure, recompletion, additional perforations or borehole stimulation treatments. Proved undeveloped reserves are those reserves which are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Proved reserves on undrilled acreage are generally limited to those that can be developed within five years according to planned drilling activity. Proved reserves on undrilled acreage also can include locations that are more than one offset away from current producing wells where there is a reasonable certainty of production when drilled or where it can be demonstrated with reasonable certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. |
|
| • | | Revisions in 2010 primarily relate to the reclassification of reserves from proved to probable reserves attributable to locations not expected to be developed within five years. A significant portion of the revisions for 2009 are a result of the impact of the new SEC rules. Proved reserves are lower because of the lower 12-month average, first-of-the-month price as compared to the 2008 year-end price, and the revision of proved undeveloped reserve estimates based on new guidance. Approximately one-half of the revisions for 2008 relate to the impact of lower average year-end natural gas prices used in 2008 compared to the 2007. |
|
| • | | Extensions and discoveries in 2009 are higher than other years due in part to the expanded definition of oil and gas reserves supported by reliable technology and reasonable certainty used for reserves estimation. |
|
| • | | Natural gas reserves are computed at 14.73 pounds per square inch absolute and 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Crude oil reserves are insignificant and have been included in the proved reserves on a basis of billion cubic feet equivalents (Bcfe). |
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Gas Reserves
The following is based on the estimated quantities of proved reserves. In 2009, we adopted prescribed accounting revisions associated with oil and gas authoritative guidance. Those revisions include using the 12-month average price computed as an unweighted arithmetic average of the price as of the first day of each month, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements. These revisions are reflected in our 2010 and 2009 amounts. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the average natural gas equivalent price used in the estimates was $3.78 and $2.76 per MMcfe, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the average year-end natural gas equivalent price used in the estimates was $4.41 per MMcfe. Future income tax expenses have been computed
99
THE WILLIAMS COMPANIES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS DISCLOSURES — (Continued)
considering applicable taxable cash flows and appropriate statutory tax rates. The discount rate of 10 percent is as prescribed by authoritative guidance. Continuation of year-end economic conditions also is assumed. The calculation is based on estimates of proved reserves, which are revised over time as new data becomes available. Probable or possible reserves, which may become proved in the future, are not considered. The calculation also requires assumptions as to the timing of future production of proved reserves, and the timing and amount of future development and production costs. Of the $2,960 million of future development costs, approximately 57 percent is estimated to be spent in 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating volumes and the value of proved reserves and in projecting future production rates and timing of development expenditures. Such reserve estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. The reserves actually recovered and the timing of production may be substantially different from the reserve estimates.
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | |
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Future cash inflows | | $ | 16,151 | | | $ | 11,729 | |
Less: | | | | | | | | |
Future production costs | | | 4,927 | | | | 3,990 | |
Future development costs | | | 2,960 | | | | 2,833 | |
Future income tax provisions | | | 2,722 | | | | 1,404 | |
| | | | | | |
Future net cash flows | | | 5,542 | | | | 3,502 | |
Less 10 percent annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows | | | (2,728 | ) | | | (1,789 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash inflows | | $ | 2,814 | | | $ | 1,713 | |
| | | | | | |
Sources of Change in Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | (Millions) | |
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows beginning of period | | $ | 1,713 | | | $ | 3,173 | | | $ | 4,803 | |
Changes during the year: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales of oil and gas produced, net of operating costs | | | (1,446 | ) | | | (1,006 | ) | | | (2,091 | ) |
Net change in prices and production costs | | | 1,921 | | | | (3,310 | ) | | | (2,548 | ) |
Extensions, discoveries and improved recovery, less estimated future costs | | | 724 | | | | 1,131 | | | | 1,423 | |
Development costs incurred during year | | | 633 | | | | 389 | | | | 817 | |
Changes in estimated future development costs | | | (292 | ) | | | 701 | | | | (724 | ) |
Purchase of reserves in place, less estimated future costs | | | 439 | | | | 171 | | | | 55 | |
Revisions of previous quantity estimates | | | (332 | ) | | | (923 | ) | | | (395 | ) |
Accretion of discount | | | 220 | | | | 450 | | | | 714 | |
Net change in income taxes | | | (758 | ) | | | 932 | | | | 1,108 | |
Other | | | (8 | ) | | | 5 | | | | 11 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net changes | | | 1,101 | | | | (1,460 | ) | | | (1,630 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows end of period | | $ | 2,814 | | | $ | 1,713 | | | $ | 3,173 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
In relation to the SEC rules adopted in 2009, we estimated that the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows in 2009 declined approximately $840 million on a before tax basis and excluding the overall price rule impact. The significant components of this decline included an estimated $640 million decrease included in revisions of previous quantity estimates and a related $430 million decrease included in the net change in prices and production costs, partially offset by a $210 million increase included in extensions, discoveries and improved recovery, less estimated future costs. Additionally, we estimated that a significant portion of the remaining net change in price and production costs is due to the application of the new pricing rules which resulted in the use of lower prices at December 31, 2009, than would have resulted under the previous rules.
100