Loans | Note 7. Loans The composition of net loans (in thousands) at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was as follows: March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 26,757 $ 23,793 Farmland 17,288 18,175 1-4 96,040 97,812 Commercial Real Estate 178,466 180,880 Total Real Estate Loans 318,551 320,660 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 55,728 53,761 Farm Production and Other Farm Loans 866 765 Total Business Loans 56,594 54,526 Consumer Loans: Credit Cards 1,125 1,156 Other Consumer Loans 17,063 18,310 Total Consumer Loans 18,188 19,466 Total Gross Loans 393,333 394,652 Unearned Income (448 ) (601 ) Allowance for Loan Losses (3,702 ) (3,903 ) Loans, net $ 389,183 $ 390,148 Loans are considered to be past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non-accrual non-accrual Period-end, non-accrual March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 128 $ 133 Farmland 298 234 1-4 2,246 1,954 Commercial Real Estate 6,061 6,293 Total Real Estate Loans 8,733 8,614 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 153 239 Total Business Loans 153 239 Consumer Loans: Other Consumer Loans 100 26 Total Consumer Loans 100 26 Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 8,986 $ 8,879 An aging analysis of past due loans (in thousands), segregated by class, as of March 31, 2017, was as follows: Loans 30-89 Days Loans Total Past Current Total Accruing Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 151 $ 78 $ 229 $ 26,528 $ 26,757 $ — Farmland 358 62 420 16,868 17,288 — 1-4 1,782 208 1,990 94,050 96,040 1 Commercial Real Estate 1,601 305 1,906 176,560 178,466 15 Total Real Estate Loans 3,892 653 4,545 314,006 318,551 16 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 207 61 268 55,460 55,728 — Farm Production and Other Farm Loans 9 — 9 857 866 — Total Business Loans 216 61 277 56,317 56,594 — Consumer Loans: Credit Cards 17 5 22 1,103 1,125 5 Other Consumer Loans 485 43 528 16,535 17,063 43 Total Consumer Loans 502 48 550 17,638 18,188 48 Total Loans $ 4,610 $ 762 $ 5,372 $ 387,961 $ 393,333 $ 64 An aging analysis of past due loans (in thousands), segregated by class, as of December 31, 2016 was as follows: Loans 30-89 Days Loans Total Past Current Total Accruing Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 208 $ 78 $ 286 $ 23,507 $ 23,793 $ — Farmland 584 65 649 17,526 18,175 — 1-4 2,993 596 3,589 94,223 97,812 179 Commercial Real Estate 903 185 1,088 179,792 180,880 — Total Real Estate Loans 4,688 924 5,612 315,048 320,660 179 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 66 186 252 53,509 53,761 — Farm Production and Other Farm Loans — — — 765 765 — Total Business Loans 66 186 252 54,274 54,526 — Consumer Loans: Credit Cards 7 3 10 1,146 1,156 3 Other Consumer Loans 788 27 815 17,495 18,310 27 Total Consumer Loans 795 30 825 18,641 19,466 30 Total Loans $ 5,549 $ 1,140 $ 6,689 $ 387,963 $ 394,652 $ 209 Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. In determining which loans to evaluate for impairment, management looks at all loans over $100,000 that are past due loans, bankruptcy filings and any situation that might lend itself to cause a borrower to be unable to repay the loan according to the original agreement terms. If a loan is determined to be impaired and the collateral is deemed to be insufficient to fully repay the loan, a specific reserve will be established. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans or portions thereof, are charged-off Impaired loans (in thousands) as of March 31, 2017, segregated by class, were as follows: Recorded Recorded Unpaid Investment Investment Total Average Principal With No With Recorded Related Recorded Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Allowance Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Farmland — — — — — 14 1-4 684 — 684 684 171 211 Commercial Real Estate 5,241 — 5,241 5,241 479 474 Total Real Estate Loans 5,925 — 5,925 5,925 650 699 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 61 — 61 61 61 50 Farm Production and Other Farm Loans — — — — — — Total Business Loans 61 — 61 61 61 50 Total Loans $ 5,986 $ — $ 5,986 $ 5,986 $ 711 $ 749 Impaired loans (in thousands) as of December 31, 2016, segregated by class, were as follows: Recorded Recorded Unpaid Investment Investment Total Average Principal With No With Recorded Related Recorded Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance Allowance Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 43 Farmland 163 — 163 163 28 87 1-4 1,448 — 1,448 1,448 252 218 Commercial Real Estate 5,327 — 5,327 5,327 469 1,577 Total Real Estate Loans 6,938 — 6,938 6,938 749 1,925 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 126 — 126 126 38 19 Farm Production and Other Farm Loans — — — — — — Total Business Loans 126 — 126 126 38 19 Total Loans $ 7,064 $ — $ 7,064 $ 7,064 $ 787 $ 1,944 The following table presents troubled debt restructurings (in thousands, except for number of loans), segregated by class: Pre-Modification Post-Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded March 31, 2017 Loans Investment Investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 4,871 $ 3,272 Total 3 $ 4,871 $ 3,272 Pre-Modification Post-Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded December 31, 2016 Loans Investment Investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 4,871 $ 3,288 Total 3 $ 4,871 $ 3,288 Changes in the Corporation’s troubled debt restructurings (in thousands, except for number of loans) are set forth in the table below: Number Recorded of Loans Investment Totals at January 1, 2017 3 $ 3,288 Reductions due to: Principal paydowns (16 ) Total at March 31, 2017 3 $ 3,272 The allocated allowance for loan losses attributable to restructured loans was $174,274 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The Corporation had no remaining availability under commitments to lend additional funds on these troubled debt restructurings as of March 31, 2017. The Corporation utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans when originated and is updated as factors related to the strength of the loan changes. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9. A description of the general characteristics of the 9 risk grades follows. Grade 1. MINIMAL RISK - These loans are without loss exposure to the Corporation. This classification is reserved for only the best, well secured loans to borrowers with significant capital strength, low leverage, stable earnings and growth and other readily available financing alternatives. This type of loan would also include loans secured by a program of the government. Grade 2. MODEST RISK - These loans include borrowers with solid credit quality and moderate risk of loss. These loans may be fully secured by certificates of deposit with another reputable financial institution, or secured by readily marketable securities with acceptable margins. Grade 3. AVERAGE RISK - This is the rating assigned to the majority of the loans held by the Corporation. This includes loans with average loss exposure and average overall quality. These loans should liquidate through possessing adequate collateral and adequate earnings of the borrower. In addition, these loans are properly documented and are in accordance with all aspects of the current loan policy. Grade 4. ACCEPTABLE RISK - Borrower generates sufficient cash flow to fund debt service but most working asset and capital expansion needs are provided from external sources. Profitability and key balance sheet ratios are usually close to peers but one or more may be higher than peers. Grade 5. MANAGEMENT ATTENTION - Borrower has significant weaknesses resulting from performance trends or management concerns. The financial condition of the borrower has taken a negative turn and may be temporarily strained. Cash flow is weak but cash reserves remain adequate to meet debt service. Management weakness is evident. Grade 6. OTHER LOANS ESPECIALLY MENTIONED (“OLEM”) - Loans in this category are fundamentally sound but possess some weaknesses. OLEM loans have potential weaknesses which may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the bank’s credit position at some future date. These loans have an identifiable weakness in credit, collateral, or repayment ability but there is no expectation of loss. Grade 7. SUBSTANDARD ASSETS - Assets classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets classified as substandard must have a well-defined weakness based upon objective evidence. Assets classified as substandard are characterized by the distinct possibility that the insured institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. The possibility that liquidation would not be timely requires a substandard classification even if there is little likelihood of total loss. Grade 8. DOUBTFUL - A loan classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses of a substandard classification and the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable or improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. A doubtful classification could reflect the fact that the primary source of repayment is gone and serious doubt exists as to the quality of a secondary source of repayment. Grade 9. LOSS - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may occur in the future. Also included in this classification is the defined loss portion of loans rated substandard assets and doubtful assets. These internally assigned grades are updated on a continual basis throughout the course of the year and represent management’s most updated judgment regarding grades at March 31, 2017. The following table details the amount of gross loans (in thousands), segregated by loan grade and class, as of March 31, 2017: Special Satisfactory Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Total 1,2,3,4 5,6 7 8 9 Loans Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 26,082 $ 333 $ 342 $ — $ — $ 26,757 Farmland 15,780 604 904 — — 17,288 1-4 84,941 2,116 8,983 — — 96,040 Commercial Real Estate 159,175 11,089 8,202 — — 178,466 Total Real Estate Loans 285,978 14,142 18,431 — — 318,551 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 54,004 1,459 204 — 61 55,728 Farm Production and Other Farm Loans 832 25 9 — — 866 Total Business Loans 54,836 1,484 213 — 61 56,594 Consumer Loans: Credit Cards 1,120 — 5 — — 1,125 Other Consumer Loans 16,692 70 300 1 — 17,063 Total Consumer Loans 17,812 70 305 1 — 18,188 Total Loans $ 358,626 $ 15,696 $ 18,949 $ 1 $ 61 $ 393,333 The following table details the amount of gross loans (in thousands) segregated by loan grade and class, as of December 31, 2016: Satisfactory Special Substandard Doubtful Loss Total Real Estate: Land Development and Construction $ 23,038 $ 186 $ 569 $ — $ — $ 23,793 Farmland 16,448 776 951 — — 18,175 1-4 Family Mortgages 86,043 1,754 10,015 — — 97,812 Commercial Real Estate 161,323 11,072 8,485 — — 180,880 Total Real Estate Loans 286,852 13,788 20,020 — — 320,660 Business Loans: Commercial and Industrial Loans 51,985 1,427 349 — — 53,761 Farm Production and Other Farm Loans 727 28 10 — — 765 Total Business Loans 52,712 1,455 359 — — 54,526 Consumer Loans: Credit Cards 1,153 — 3 — — 1,156 Other Consumer Loans 18,027 149 132 2 — 18,310 Total Consumer Loans 19,180 149 135 2 — 19,466 Total Loans $ 358,744 $ 15,392 $ 20,514 $ 2 $ — $ 394,652 The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of probable losses within the existing portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance on the majority of the loan portfolio is calculated using a historical chargeoff percentage applied to the current loan balances by loan segment. This historical period is the average of the previous twenty quarters with the most current quarters weighted more heavily to show the effect of the most recent chargeoff activity. This percentage is also adjusted for economic factors such as local unemployment and general business conditions, both local and nationwide. The group of loans that are considered to be impaired are individually evaluated for possible loss and a specific reserve is established to cover any loss contingency. Loans that are determined to be a loss with no benefit of remaining in the portfolio are charged off to the allowance. These specific reserves are reviewed periodically for continued impairment and adequacy of the specific reserve and are adjusted when necessary. The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017: Real Business March 31, 2017 Estate Loans Consumer Total Beginning Balance, January 1, 2017 $ 3,117,134 $ 257,554 $ 528,108 $ 3,902,796 Provision for possible loan losses (282,820 ) 175,477 (43,877 ) (151,220 ) Chargeoffs 4,107 67,850 12,046 84,003 Recoveries 12,465 254 21,622 34,341 Net chargeoffs (8,358 ) 67,596 (9,576 ) 49,662 Ending Balance $ 2,842,672 $ 365,435 $ 493,807 $ 3,701,914 Period end allowance allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 649,449 $ 61,288 $ — $ 710,737 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 2,193,223 304,147 493,807 2,991,177 Ending Balance, March 31, 2017 $ 2,842,672 $ 365,435 $ 493,807 $ 3,701,914 The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2016: Real Business March 31, 2016 Estate Loans Consumer Total Beginning Balance, January 1, 2016 $ 5,238,895 $ 643,248 $ 591,560 $ 6,473,703 Provision for possible loan losses (5,593 ) (39,517 ) 105,608 60,498 Chargeoffs 1,557,871 79 12,361 1,570,311 Recoveries 8,806 6,005 30,041 44,852 Net chargeoffs 1,549,065 (5,926 ) (17,680 ) 1,525,459 Ending Balance $ 3,684,237 $ 609,657 $ 714,848 $ 5,008,742 Period end allowance allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,379,937 $ — $ — $ 1,379,937 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 2,304,300 609,657 714,848 3,628,805 Ending Balance, March 31, 2016 $ 3,684,237 $ 609,657 $ 714,848 $ 5,008,742 The Corporation’s recorded investment in loans as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 related to each balance in the allowance for possible loan losses by portfolio segment and disaggregated on the basis of the Corporation’s impairment methodology was as follows (in thousands): Real Business March 31, 2017 Estate Loans Consumer Total Loans individually evaluated for specific impairment $ 5,925 $ 61 $ — $ 5,986 Loans collectively evaluated for general impairment 312,626 56,533 18,188 387,347 $ 318,551 $ 56,594 $ 18,188 $ 393,333 Real Business December 31, 2016 Estate Loans Consumer Total Loans individually evaluated for specific impairment $ 6,938 $ 126 $ — $ 7,064 Loans collectively evaluated for general impairment 313,722 54,400 19,466 387,588 $ 320,660 $ 54,526 $ 19,466 $ 394,652 |