U. S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
| þ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
| | For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008 |
| ¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
| | For the transition period from to . |
Commission File Number 000-28153
Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Company
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)
Nevada (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | 33-0901534 (I.R.S. employer identification number) |
Room 10601, Jiezuo Plaza, No.4, Fenghui Road South, Gaoxin District, Xian Province, P.R. China (Address of principal executive offices and zip code) (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
| Large Accelerated Filer o | | Accelerated Filer o |
| Non-accelerated filer o | | Smaller reporting company þ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o No þ
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
As of May 7, 2008, the Registrant had 18,639,103 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY
| Page Number |
| |
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 3 |
| |
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 4 |
| | |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (unaudited) | 4 |
| | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 | 4 |
| | |
| Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 | 5 |
| | |
| Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity | 6 |
| | |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 | 7 |
| | |
| Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2008 | 8 |
| | |
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 30 |
| | |
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. | 36 |
| | |
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 36 |
| | |
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | 38 |
| | |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 38 |
| | |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 38 |
| | |
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 50 |
| | |
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 50 |
| | |
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 50 |
| | |
Item 5. | Other Information | 50 |
| | |
Item 6. | Exhibits | 52 |
| | |
SIGNATURES | 53 |
Although forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those specifically addressed under the heading “Risks Relating to Our Business” below, as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We file reports with the SEC. You can read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F. Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549 on official business days during the hours of 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. You can obtain additional information about the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including the Company.
We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made throughout the entirety of this annual report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |
AS OF MARCH 31, 2008 AND DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
ASSETS | |
| | | | | |
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
CURRENT ASSETS: | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 389,300 | | $ | 771,492 | |
Restricted cash | | | 78,232 | | | 74,969 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts | | | | | | | |
of $ 119,639 and $119,639 as of March 31, 2008 and | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007, respectively. | | | 1,745,986 | | | 1,356,094 | |
Inventories | | | 3,730,847 | | | 2,242,611 | |
Deposits and prepaid expenses | | | 1,635,584 | | | 806,657 | |
Loans receivable | | | 466,492 | | | 968,852 | |
Other receivables | | | 40,219 | | | 43,800 | |
Other receivables-shareholder | | | 23,726 | | | 59,462 | |
Total current assets | | | 8,110,386 | | | 6,323,937 | |
| | | | | | | |
PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, net | | | 12,223,972 | | | 11,793,967 | |
| | | | | | | |
OTHER ASSETS: | | | | | | | |
Long term prepayment | | | 1,270,920 | | | 1,220,190 | |
Deferred financing costs | | | 79,998 | | | 101,815 | |
Intangible, net | | | 1,015,735 | | | 1,011,236 | |
Total other assets | | | 2,366,653 | | | 2,333,241 | |
Total assets | | $ | 22,701,011 | | $ | 20,451,145 | |
| | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
| | | | | | | |
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing short-term loan from third party | | $ | 171,360 | | $ | - | |
Accounts payable | | | 267,857 | | | 126,754 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 553,509 | | | 502,871 | |
Deposits from customers | | | 71,876 | | | 61,706 | |
Taxes payable | | | 890,588 | | | 568,797 | |
Other payables | | | 80,314 | | | 81,221 | |
Amount due to related companies | | | 7,113 | | | 49,954 | |
Amount due to shareholders and directors | | | 31,673 | | | 31,616 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 2,074,290 | | | 1,422,919 | |
| | | | | | | |
OTHER LIABILITIES: | | | | | | | |
Deferred government grant | | | 1,071,000 | | | 1,028,250 | |
Convertible debenture, net of $291,548 and $398,171 discount | | | | | | | |
as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. | | | 191,375 | | | 84,752 | |
Total other liabilities | | | 1,262,375 | | | 1,113,002 | |
Total liabilities | | | 3,336,665 | | | 2,535,921 | |
| | | | | | | |
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES | | | - | | | - | |
| | | | | | | |
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 2,000,000 | | | | | | | |
series" A" shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2008 and December | | | | | | | |
31, 2007, respectively; Nil series"B" shares issued and outstanding | | | | | | | |
as of March 31, 2008 and December 31,2007, respectively. | | | 2,000 | | | 2,000 | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized ; | | | | | | | |
17,111,200 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2008 and | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007, respectively. | | | 17,111 | | | 17,111 | |
Paid-in-capital | | | 14,741,278 | | | 14,741,278 | |
Deferred compensation | | | - | | | (62,758 | ) |
Statutory reserves | | | 1,742,403 | | | 1,652,720 | |
Retained earnings | | | 648,939 | | | 122,271 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 2,212,615 | | | 1,442,602 | |
Total shareholders' equity | | | 19,364,346 | | | 17,915,224 | |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | | $ | 22,701,011 | | $ | 20,451,145 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) |
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 and 2007 |
(Unaudited) |
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31 | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
REVENUE | | $ | 2,686,354 | | $ | 1,367,810 | |
COST OF SALES | | | 1,297,419 | | | 697,035 | |
| | | | | | | |
GROSS PROFIT | | | 1,388,935 | | | 670,775 | |
| | | | | | | |
OPERATING EXPENSES | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | | 47,299 | | | 31,655 | |
Selling expenses | | | 189,844 | | | 109,428 | |
General and administrative expenses | | | 190,977 | | | 316,551 | |
Amortization of deferred compensation | | | 62,758 | | | 360,899 | |
Total operating expenses | | | 490,878 | | | 818,533 | |
| | | | | | | |
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS | | | 898,057 | | | (147,758 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
OTHER EXPENSE (INCOME) | | | | | | | |
Other expense | | | 363 | | | - | |
Interest income | | | (11,316 | ) | | (7,160 | ) |
Interest expense | | | 139,452 | | | 163,496 | |
Total other expense | | | 128,499 | | | 156,336 | |
| | | | | | | |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | | | 769,558 | | | (304,094 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | | | 153,207 | | | 66,624 | |
| | | | | | | |
NET INCOME (LOSS) | | | 616,351 | | | (370,718 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME : | | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | | 770,013 | | | 103,159 | |
| | | | | | | |
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | | $ | 1,386,364 | | $ | (267,559 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
EARNINGS PER SHARE | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.04 | | $ | (0.03 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | 0.02 | | $ | (0.03 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 17,111,200 | | | 12,795,549 | |
Diluted | | | 17,971,246 | | | 12,795,549 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | |
| | Preferred stock | | Common stock | | | | | | Retained earnings | | other | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Paid-in | | Deferred | | Statutory | | | | comprehensive | | | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | capital | | Compensation | | reserves | | Unrestricted | | income | | Totals | |
BALANCE, December 31, 2006 | | | 2,000,000 | | $ | 2,000 | | | 12,795,549 | | $ | 12,795 | | $ | 6,246,325 | | $ | (705,877 | ) | $ | 779,624 | | $ | 2,952,343 | | $ | 460,020 | | $ | 9,747,230 | |
Shares issued for services | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | |
Beneficial conversion feature of debentures | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,130,575 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,130,575 | |
Warrants issued to debenture holders | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,944,425 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,944,425 | |
Warrants issued to placement agent | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 643,277 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 643,277 | |
Amortization of deferred compensation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 360,899 | | | | | | | | | | | | 360,899 | |
Foreign currency translation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 103,159 | | | 103,159 | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (370,718 | ) | | | | | (370,718 | ) |
Appropriation to statutory reserve | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 36,521 | | | (36,521 | ) | | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | |
BALANCE, March 31, 2007, (Unaudited) | | | 2,000,000 | | $ | 2,000 | | | 12,795,549 | | $ | 12,795 | | $ | 10,964,602 | | $ | (344,978 | ) | $ | 816,145 | | $ | 2,545,104 | | $ | 563,179 | | $ | 14,558,847 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued for services | | | | | | | | | 78,750 | | | 79 | | | 115,684 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 115,763 | |
Inducement cost for debentures converted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 634,450 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 634,450 | |
Inducement cost for warrants exercised | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 279,547 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 279,547 | |
Debentures converted to common stock | | | | | | | | | 3,278,720 | | | 3,279 | | | 2,747,953 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,751,232 | |
Cashless exercise of warrants | | | | | | | | | 958,181 | | | 958 | | | (958 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | |
Amortization of deferred compensation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 282,220 | | | | | | | | | | | | 282,220 | |
Foreign currency translation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 879,423 | | | 879,423 | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (1,586,258 | ) | | | | | (1,586,258 | ) |
Appropriation to statutory reserve | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 836,575 | | | (836,575 | ) | | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE, December 31, 2007 | | | 2,000,000 | | $ | 2,000 | | | 17,111,200 | | $ | 17,111 | | $ | 14,741,278 | | $ | (62,758 | ) | $ | 1,652,720 | | $ | 122,271 | | $ | 1,442,602 | | $ | 17,915,224 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization of deferred compensation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 62,758 | | | | | | | | | | | | 62,758 | |
Foreign currency translation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 770,013 | | | 770,013 | |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 616,351 | | | | | | 616,351 | |
Appropriation to statutory reserve | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 89,683 | | | (89,683 | ) | | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE, March 31, 2008, (Unaudited) | | | 2,000,000 | | $ | 2,000 | | | 17,111,200 | | $ | 17,111 | | $ | 14,741,278 | | $ | - | | $ | 1,742,403 | | $ | 648,939 | | $ | 2,212,615 | | $ | 19,364,346 | |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(Unaudited) |
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31 | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 616,351 | | $ | (370,718 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash | | | | | | | |
used in operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | | 106,882 | | | 27,068 | |
Amortization | | | 36,747 | | | 6,451 | |
Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 21,817 | | | 40,876 | |
Amortization of discount on debentures | | | 114,990 | | | 91,918 | |
Amortization of deferred compensation | | | 62,758 | | | 360,899 | |
Change in operating assets and liabilities | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (326,435 | ) | | (137,891 | ) |
Inventories | | | (1,365,399 | ) | | 126,263 | |
Deposits and prepaid expenses | | | (778,513 | ) | | (1,406 | ) |
Other receivables | | | 14,617 | | | (7,138 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | 132,951 | | | (6,419 | ) |
Accrued expenses | | | 32,650 | | | (265,482 | ) |
Deposits from customers | | | 7,443 | | | - | |
Taxes payables | | | 291,816 | | | (45,502 | ) |
Other payables | | | (4,193 | ) | | (78,187 | ) |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (1,035,518 | ) | | (259,268 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from loans receivable | | | 521,796 | | | - | |
Purchase of plant and equipment | | | (47,829 | ) | | (249,261 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | | 473,967 | | | (249,261 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | |
Increase in restricted cash | | | (143 | ) | | (125 | ) |
Increase in amount due to shareholders | | | - | | | 36,700 | |
Advances from shareholders and directors | | | (357,829 | ) | | - | |
Proceeds from shareholders and directors | | | 393,622 | | | - | |
Repay amounts due to related companies | | | (42,841 | ) | | - | |
Proceeds from third party loan | | | 167,724 | | | - | |
Proceeds from convertible debentures, net of debenture expenses | | | - | | | 3,737,250 | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 160,533 | | | 3,773,825 | |
| | | | | | | |
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH | | | 18,826 | | | 33,136 | |
| | | | | | | |
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH | | | (382,192 | ) | | 3,298,432 | |
| | | | | | | |
CASH, beginning of period | | | 771,492 | | | 192,016 | |
| | | | | | | |
CASH, end of period | | $ | 389,300 | | $ | 3,490,448 | |
| | | | | | | |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE INFORMATION | | | | | | | |
Interest paid | | $ | 2,645 | | $ | 819 | |
Income taxes paid | | $ | - | | $ | 140,548 | |
Non-cash investing and financing transactions | | | | | | | |
Warrants issued for services | | $ | - | | $ | 643,277 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Note 1- DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATION
Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Company (“Skystar” or the “Company”), formerly known as The Cyber Group Network Corporation, was incorporated in Nevada. The Company has not carried on any substantive operations of its own, except for the entering of certain exclusive agreements with Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Limited (“Xian Tianxing”), a joint stock company in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or “PRC”), through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings Co., Limited (“Skystar Cayman”), a Cayman Islands company which the Company acquired on November 7, 2005. Skystar Cayman, through its variable interest entity (“VIE”), Xian Tianxing, engages in research, development, production, marketing and sales of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products. All current operations of the Company are in China.
On August 21, 2007, Xian Tianxing invested $66,700 (RMB 500,000) to establish Shanghai Siqiang Biotechnological Company Limited (“Shanghai Siqiang”). Shanghai Siqiang was established in Putuo District, City of Shanghai, China with a registered capital of $66,700 (RMB 500,000) and Xian Tianxing is the 100% shareholder. Shanghai Siqiang was established to become a research and development center for Xian Tianxing and engages in research, development, production and sales of veterinary products, feed additives, and veterinary disease diagnosis equipments.
On October 16, 2007, the board of directors of the Company approved the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of Fortunate Time International Limited (“Fortunate Time”), a Hong Kong company owned 100% by the Company’s non-executive director Russell Scott Cramer, in the consideration of $129 (HKD1,000).
On July 10, 2007, Fortunate Time has established Sida Biotechnology (Xian) Co., Ltd. (“Sida”) with register capital $5,000,000. Fortunate Time invested $2,000,000 into Sida on July 20, 2007. Accordingly to the Xian High Technology District approval notice, Fortunate Times will have to contribute the remaining balance of $3,000,000 in Sida by July 09, 2009, which is 2 years from the business licenses issuance date. Sida was established in High Technology District, Xian, China. Sida’s principle business is to perform bio-pharmaceutical research, production and selling activities. Sida also provides bio-pharmaceutical technology consultation service.
On March 10, 2008, the Company entered into a series of agreements (collectively the “Transfer Agreements”) transferring the contractual arrangements governing the relationship among Skystar Cayman, Xian Tianxing, and the majority shareholders of Xian Tianxing. Pursuant to the Transfer Agreements, from and after March 10, 2008, all of the rights and obligations of Skystar Cayman under the contractual arrangements were transferred to Sida. In effect, Skystar Cayman assigned the contractual rights it had with Xian Tianxing to an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary, Sida.
As a result of these contractual arrangements, which obligates Sida to absorb a majority of the risk of loss from Xian Tianxing’s activities and enable Sida to receive a majority of its expected residual returns, Sida accounts for Xian Tianxing as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) under FASB Interpretation No. 46R (“FIN 46R”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51”. Accordingly, Sida consolidates Xian Tianxing’s results, assets and liabilities.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Note 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation and consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its variable interest entities. All significant inter-company transactions and balances between the Company, its subsidiaries and VIEs are eliminated upon consolidation.
In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements furnished herein include all adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim period presented. Operating results for the period ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008.
Consolidation of variable interest entity
In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities ("FIN 46R"), variable interest entities (VIEs) are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision making ability. All VIEs with which the Company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.
The Company has concluded that Xian Tianxing is a VIE and that the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Skystar Cayman (prior March 10, 2008) and Sida (March 10, 2008 and thereafter), absorb a majority of the risk of loss from Xian Tianxing’s activities and enable the Company to receive a majority of its expected residual returns, the Company accounts for Xian Tianxing as a variable interest entity (“VIE”).
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. For example, the Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts and useful lives of plant and equipment. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Fair values of financial instruments
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157. SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosures requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for current receivables, payables and short term loans qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels are defined as follow:
· | Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. |
· | Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments. |
· | Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value. |
The Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157.
The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under SFAS 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity,” SFAS No 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” and EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock.” During 2007, the Company issued 8% convertible debentures in a face amount of $4.075 million which are due February 28, 2009. During 2007, face amount of $3,302,300 were converted into common stock. As fixed prices are set for the conversion prices of such convertible debentures and the attached warrants, the Company is in a position to be sure it had adequate authorized shares for the future conversion of convertible debentures and warrants. Therefore, the embedded derivatives and warrants were recorded as equity and are not required to be recorded at fair value and marked-to-market at each reporting period.
As of March 31, 2008, the outstanding principal of the convertible notes was $482,298 and the discount resulted from the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants was $291,548. Since there is no quoted or observable market price for the fair value of identical notes, the Company then used the level 3 inputs for its valuation methodology, and used the Black Scholes Model to calculate the fair market value of the beneficial conversion feature and the warrants. In addition, due to the notes are expiring in 2009 and the Company does not anticipate any nonperformance risk and expects the note holders to convert the notes to the Company’s common stock within 2008, the Company determined that the fair value of the notes approximated the carrying value.
Revenue recognition
Revenues of the Company include sales of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products in China. Sales are recognized when the following four revenue criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the selling price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Sales are presented net of value added tax (VAT). No return allowance is made as product returns are insignificant based on historical experience.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
a. | Credit sales: Revenue is recognized when the products have been delivered to the customers. |
b. | Full payment before delivering: Revenue is recognized when the products have been delivered to customers. |
Shipping and handling costs related to costs of goods sold are included in selling, general and administrative costs which totaled $38,804 and $ 35,817 during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Cash
Cash includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.
Restricted cash
The Company had restricted cash of $78,232 and $74,969 as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. The restricted cash was received from the PRC government subsidies and set aside for the specific usages (see Note 10). The restricted funds are kept as bank deposits. Restricted cash is classified as current assets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, based on the expected period when the funds will be put into their specific usages.
Accounts and other receivables
Accounts and other receivables are recorded at net realizable value consisting of the carrying amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts, as needed. The Company uses the aging method to estimate the valuation allowance for anticipated uncollectible receivable balances. Under the aging method, bad debt percentages determined by management based on historical experience as well as current economic climate are applied to customers’ balances categorized by the number of months the underlying invoices have remained outstanding. The valuation allowance balance is adjusted to the amount computed as a result of the aging method. When facts subsequently become available to indicate that the allowance provided requires an adjustment, then the adjustment will be classified as a change in estimate.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, as determined on moving weighted average basis, or market. Costs of inventories include purchases and related costs incurred in bringing the products to their present location and condition.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Plant and equipment
Plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:
| | Estimated Useful Life | |
Buildings | | | 20-40 years | |
Machinery and equipment | | | 10 years | |
Computer, office equipment and furniture | | | 5 years | |
Automobiles | | | 5-10 years | |
Management assesses the carrying value of plant and equipment annually, or more often when factors indicating impairment are present, and reduces the carrying value of the fixed assets by the amount of the impairment. The Company determines the existence of such impairment by measuring the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) and comparing such amount to the net asset carrying value. An impairment loss, if exists, is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Based on its review, management believes that, as of March 31, 2008, there was no impairment of its plant and equipment.
Construction in progress
Construction in progress includes direct costs of construction of a factory building. Interest incurred during the period of construction, if material, is capitalized. Construction in progress is not depreciated until such time as the assets are completed and put into service.
Intangibles
Land use rights - Land use rights represent the costs paid to acquire a long-term interest to utilize the land underlying the Company’s facility. This type of arrangement is common for the use of land in the PRC. The land use rights are amortized on the straight-line method over the 50 year term of the land use rights.
Technological know-how - Purchased technological know-how includes secret formulas, manufacturing processes, technical and procedural manuals and is amortized using the straight-line method over the expected useful economic life of 5 years, which reflects the period over which those formulas, manufacturing processes, technical and procedural manuals are kept secret to the Company as agreed between the Company and the selling party.
Impairment of intangibles - The Company evaluates the carrying value of intangibles annually, or more often when factors indicating impairment are present, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of intangible assets. SFAS No. 144 requires impairment losses to be recorded in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived assets. Loss on long-lived assets to be disposed of is determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for the cost of disposal. Based on its review, the Company believes that, as of March 31, 2008, there were no significant impairments of its intangible assets.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Comprehensive income
SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”, requires disclosure of all components of comprehensive income and loss on an annual and interim basis. Comprehensive income and loss is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Accumulated other comprehensive income arose from the changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Research and development costs
Research and development costs are expensed to operations as incurred and include salaries, professional fees and technical support fees.
Income taxes
The Company records income tax pursuant to SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". SFAS No. 109 requires the recognition of deferred income tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between income tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. Provision for income taxes consists of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes. The Company adopted FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), as of January 1, 2007. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures, and transition. The adoption had no affect on the Company’s financial statements. There are no deferred tax amounts at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
The Company’s operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in the PRC jurisdictions. Significant estimates and judgments are required in determining the Company’s worldwide provision for income taxes. Some of these estimates are based on interpretations of existing tax laws or regulations. The ultimate amount of tax liability may be uncertain as a result.
The Company does not anticipate any events which could cause change to these uncertainties.
The charge for taxation is based on the results for the year as adjusted for items, which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of assessable tax profit. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, and deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when related items are credited or charged directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
Stock based compensation
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123R”), which defines a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock based employee compensation and transactions in which an entity issues its equity instruments to acquire goods and services from non-employees. Stock compensation for stock granted to non-employees has been determined in accordance with SFAS 123R and the Emerging Issues Task Force consensus in Issue No. 96-18, "Accounting for Equity Instruments that are issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services" ("EITF 96-18"), as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measured. SFAS 123R allow the “simplified” method to determine the term when other information is not available. Because the Company does not have a history of employee stock options, the Company used the “simplified” method to estimates the life of the options.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS includes the effect of the common share equivalents of the Company’s convertible preferred stock outstanding. The Company accounts for a stock dividend or split in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share”, which requires that a stock dividend or split be accounted for retrospectively if the stock dividend or split occurs during the period, or retroactively if the stock dividend or split occurs after the end of the period but before the release of the financial statements, by considering it outstanding for the entirety of each period presented.
Foreign currency translation
The Company uses the United States dollar (“U.S. dollars”) for financial reporting purposes. The Company’s subsidiary and VIEs maintain their books and records in their functional currency, being the primary currency of the economic environment in which their operations are conducted.
In general, for consolidation purposes, the Company translates the subsidiary’s and VIEs’ assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars using the applicable exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date, and the statement of income and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the reporting period. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheet. Equity accounts are translated at historical rates. Adjustments resulting from the translation of the subsidiary’s and VIEs’ financial statements are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
This quotation of the exchange rates does not imply free convertibility of RMB to other foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions continue to take place either through the People's Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rate quoted by the People's Bank of China. The rate of exchange quoted by the People’s Bank of China on March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was US$1.00 to RMB7.00 and RMB7.29, respectively. . The weighted average translation rate of US$1.00 to RMB7.15 and RMB7.75 was applied to the income statement accounts in March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Approval of foreign currency payments by the Bank of China or other institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.
Related parties
Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. The objective of FAS 159 is to provide opportunities to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply hedge accounting provisions. FAS 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008. The Company chose not to elect the option to measure the fair value of eligible financial assets and liabilities.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
In June 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for use in Future Research and Development Activities” (“FSP EITF 07-3”), which addresses whether nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that used or rendered for research and development activities should be expensed when the advance payment is made or when the research and development activity has been performed. The Company adopted FSP EITF 07-3 and expensed the research and development as incurred.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“SFAS 160”), which establishes accounting and reporting standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the valuation of retained non-controlling equity investments when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company has not determined the effect that the application of SFAS 160 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R), Business Combinations, was issued. SFAS No. 141R replaces SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. SFAS 141R retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (which SFAS 141 called the purchase method) be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination. SFAS 141R requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. This replaces SFAS 141’s cost-allocation process, which required the cost of an acquisition to be allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. SFAS 141R also requires the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages (sometimes referred to as a step acquisition) to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values (or other amounts determined in accordance with SFAS 141R). SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adopting SFAS No. 141R will have on its financial statements.
Note 3 -CONCENTRATIONS AND CREDIT RISK
The Company’s operations are all carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC’s economy. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in the North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Certain financial instruments, which subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist of cash. The Company maintains balances at financial institutions which, from time to time, may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits for the banks located in the United States. Balances at financial institutions or state owned banks within the PRC are not covered by insurance. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had deposits in excess of federally insured limits (including restricted cash) of $456,105 and $844,773, respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts.
For the period ended March 31, 2008 and year ended December 31, 2007, all of the Company’s sales arose in the PRC. In addition, all accounts receivable as at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 also arose in the PRC.
No major customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenues and total accounts receivable as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Company’s five largest vendors accounted for approximately 62.63% of the Company’s total purchases for the three months ended March 31, 2008, while the Company’s five largest vendors accounted for 47.78% of the Company’s total purchases for the three months ended March 31, 2007.
The Company’s six major products accounted for approximately 41.4% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2008, while the Company’s six major products accounted for 52.8% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007.
Note 4 - RESTRICTED CASH
Restricted cash consists of the following:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Funds received from PRC government | | $ | 78,232 | | $ | 74,969 | |
(See Note 10) | | | | | | | |
Note 5 - INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Raw material | | $ | 2,486,130 | | $ | 1,761,145 | |
Packing materials | | | 197,525 | | | 110,020 | |
Work in process | | | 688 | | | 2,639 | |
Finished goods | | | 1,032,166 | | | 355,041 | |
Low value consumables | | | 14,338 | | | 13,766 | |
Total | | $ | 3,730,847 | | $ | 2,242,611 | |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Note 6 - LOANS RECEIVABLE
Loans receivable consists of the following:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Others, non-interest bearing, unsecured | | $ | 9,532 | | $ | 9,152 | |
| | | | | | | |
Shanxi Suoang Biotechnological Company, due October 30, 2007, extended to March 31, 2008, annual interest at 7.0%, secured by unrelated company Shanxi New Resource Co. | | | - | | | 27,420 | |
| | | | | | | |
Xi’an Tiantai Investment Company, due July 31, 2008 (or upon demand), minimum annual interest at 7.2%, unsecured | | | 314,160 | | | 383,880 | |
| | | | | | | |
Xi’an SilverRiver Automatic Equipment Company, due on March 23, 2008 and extended to April 2008, annual interest rate 8.4%, unsecured, balance was repaid in April 2008 | | | 142,800 | | | 411,300 | |
| | | | | | | |
Shanxi Hongye Housing Company, due on demand, non-interest bearing. | | | - | | | 137,100 | |
Total loan receivable | | $ | 466,492 | | $ | 968,852 | |
Note 7 - PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Plant and equipment consists of the following:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Building and improvements | | $ | 3,741,879 | | $ | 3,592,519 | |
Plant and machinery | | | 2,945,569 | | | 2,827,591 | |
Office equipment | | | 178,658 | | | 167,617 | |
Vehicles | | | 315,261 | | | 295,995 | |
Construction in progress | | | 5,798,613 | | | 5,531,236 | |
Total | | | 12,979,980 | | | 12,414,958 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation | | | (756,008 | ) | | (620,991 | ) |
Plant and equipment , net | | $ | 12,223,972 | | $ | 11,793,967 | |
Construction in progress is the construction of a production base which will meet the Good Manufacturing Practices Standard (“GMP Standard”). No depreciation is provided for construction in progress until such time as the assets are completed and placed into service. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expenses as incurred. Major additions and betterment to property and equipment are capitalized.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Construction on the plant for GMP standard bio-pharmaceutical facility and animal laboratory commenced in May 2005 and is expected to be completed at the end of 2008.
The depreciation expense was $106,882 and $27,068 for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Note 8 - INTANGIBLES
Intangibles consist of the following:
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Land use rights | | $ | 368,781 | | $ | 354,061 | |
Technological know-how | | | 856,800 | | | 822,600 | |
Total | | | 1,225,581 | | | 1,176,661 | |
Less: accumulated amortization | | | (209,846 | ) | | (165,425 | ) |
Intangible assets, net | | $ | 1,015,735 | | $ | 1,011,236 | |
The amortization expense for intangibles was $36,747 and $6,451 for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Note 9 - INTEREST-BEARING SHORT-TERM LOAN
The short-term loan of $171,360 and $0 as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, was for a term of one year from December 30, 2007 to December 30, 2008, is secured by a guarantee given by a third party, and bears annual interest at 7.47% .
Interest expense for the periods ended March 31, 2008and 2007 amounted to $2,645 and $819, respectively.
Note 10 - DEFERRED GOVERNMENT GRANT
The amounts represent subsidies for GMP projects granted by the PRC government. A subsidy in the amount of $641,000 was approved by the PRC government to be granted to the Company for the purpose of constructing a new factory which operations will meet the GMP Standard. In 2003, $516,500 was received by the Company and the remaining $124,500 was received in the first quarter of 2006. According to the PRC’s government regulations for these types of grants, the funds being granted may be treated as capital contributed by the company appointed by the PRC government (“contributing company”) or as a loan from such company, which the Company will be required to repay. However, no agreement has been reached with the contributing company regarding the final treatment of this subsidy.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Also in 2003, another subsidy of $256,400 was received for financing the Company’s research and development activities. In 2006, the Company applied and utilized $186,644 in paying for the construction of the new plant facility. In 2005, another subsidy of $64,100 was received for the Company’s research and development activities. This amount was put into use during the period. As of March 31, 2008, the Company has not reached a final agreement with the PRC government regarding the treatment of these two subsidies as either a loan or capital contribution, and the Company does not expect that the final agreement will be completed within the year of 2008; therefore, these amounts are carried as liabilities in the accompanying financial statements.
Note 11 - CAPITAL TRANSACTIONS
On July 10, 2007, the Company issued 40,000 shares of common stock as salary to a non-executive director. On the same date, the Company issued 38,750 shares of common stock to an independent consultant. The fair market value of the Company's common stock as of July 10, 2007 was $1.47 per share and expense of $115,763 related to these two stock issuances was charged to general and administrative expense.
In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company’s convertible note holders converted the debentures into 3,278,720 shares of common stock as more fully described in Note 12.
In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company’s warrant holder exercised 3,100,000 warrants into 958,181 shares of common stock, in a cashless exercise.
Note 12 - CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES
On February 27, 2007, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”), with several institutional and accredited investors (the “Purchasers”) pursuant to which the Company sold to the Purchasers $4.075 million 8% convertible debentures due February 28, 2009 (the “Debentures”), and warrants to purchase 4,075,000 shares of the common stock of the Company (the “Warrants”), (collectively referred to as the “Transaction”). The initial conversion price of the debentures is $1.00 per share. The initial exercise price of the warrants is $1.20 per share with a life of three years. The conversion price and warrant exercise price are subject to downward adjustments should the Company issue more shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock for capital raising activities for less than the conversion price or exercise price. Additional interest of 15% begins in June 2007 and continues through February 2008 after which the additional interest increases to 25% through the maturity date of the note.
The transaction closed on February 27, 2007. Gross proceeds from the sale to the Company were $4.075 million, of which $285,250 was paid to Pacific Ridge Capital who served as placement agent for the transaction and $52,500 was paid to consultants for the Purchaser in connection with the transaction. The Company also issued to the placement agent of the Transaction a warrant to purchase an aggregate of 570,500 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $1.00 per share with a life of five years. The value of the warrants issued to the placement agent was calculated as $643,277 using the Binomial Model. The total amount of the cash payments and the fair value of the warrants amounted to $981,027, which was recorded as deferred debenture expenses. These costs will be amortized to interest expense over the two year life of the Debentures. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, $21,817 and $40,876 was amortized to interest expense, respectively.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
The Company determined the value of the warrants using a Binomial Model with a volatility of approximately 75%, which is calculated by using the historical closing prices of the Company’s common stock. According to APB No. 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, EITF-98-5, and EITF-00-27, the Company allocated the proceeds using relative fair value method and determined that the Debentures were issued with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, on February 27, 2007, the allocated value of the Warrants amounted to $1,944,425 and the beneficial conversion feature amounted to $2,130,575. The allocated value of the Warrants and beneficial conversion feature totaling $4,075,000, was recorded as discount (or reduction in the carrying amount) of the Debentures and additional paid-in capital and will be amortized over the two year life of the Debentures using the effective interest method. For three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, $114,990 and $91,918 was amortized as interest expense respectively.
On or about December 6, 2007, the Company entered into an Amendment, Exchange and Waiver Agreement (the “Amended Agreement”), dated as of November 9, 2007, with certain of the purchasers (the “Participating Purchasers”). Below are highlights of the Amended Agreement:
· | The Amended Agreement amends the terms of the Debentures held by the Participating Purchasers by: (a) changing the conversion price from $1.00 per share to $0.85 per share; (b) deleting the trading conditions for mandatory conversion; (c) granting the Company the right to mandatory conversion at any time, and (d) allowing the Company to designate the date for the mandatory conversion. |
· | The Amended Agreement amends the terms of the Warrants held by the Participating Purchasers by: (a) changing the exercise price from $1.20 per share to $0.95 per share; and (b) granting to the Participating Purchasers the right to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis |
· | The Amended Agreement is deemed to be: (a) the Company’s notice (the “Conversion Notice”) to require conversion of the entire outstanding principal of the Debentures held by the Participating Purchasers and all accrued but unpaid interest thereto; and (b) the Participating Purchasers’ notice (the “Exercise Notice”) to the Company to exercise all of their unexercised Warrants on a cashless basis |
· | The Amended Agreement amends the Registration Rights Agreement by waiving all outstanding registration damages due to the Purchasers in their entirety. Because the outstanding principal amounts of the Debentures held by the Participating Purchasers, as of the effective date of the Agreement, total more than seventy-five percent (75%) of the aggregate outstanding principal amounts of the outstanding Debentures held by all the Purchasers on that date, the amendment to the Registration Rights Agreement binds all of the Purchasers. |
The Company has evaluated the cost of the amended terms of the Warrants and the Debentures. As the amendment has reduced the exercise price of the Warrants and the conversion price of the Debentures held by the Participating Purchasers, the difference between the value of the Warrants and the conversion option at the old prices and their value at the modified prices are costs for the Company and are charged to income.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
The inducement cost for the Debentures converted is $634,450 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. The inducement cost for the Debentures converted was based on the market value of the additional 461,418 shares obtained by the participating purchases at $1.375 per shares on November 9, 2007. The inducement cost for the Warrants exercised is $279,547 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. The inducement cost for the Warrants exercised is calculated using the Binomial Model by determining the difference between the original exercise price of $1.20 shares and the reduced exercise price of $0.95.
3,076,120 shares of common stock were issued upon conversion of the Debentures with a carrying value of $2,548,632 at a reduced conversion price of $0.85. Another 202,600 shares of common stock were issued upon conversion of the Debentures with a carry value of $202,600 at the original conversion price of $1.00.
In accordance with paragraph 21 of EITF 00-27, all unamortized discount at the time of the conversion must be recognized as interest expense. The unamortized discount of the above converted Debentures is $2,403,480, which has been recorded as interest expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The unamortized deferred financing costs of $540,167 at conversion of the Debentures into common stock was also been recorded as interest expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2007.
As of March 31, 2008, the carrying value of the remaining unconverted Debentures was $191,375, net of unamortized discount of $291,548. The following is the repayment schedule of the principal of the remaining debt as of March 31, 2008:
| | Principal repayment Amount | |
Nine months ending December 31, 2008 | | $ | 414,990 | |
Year ending December 31, 2009 | | | 67,933 | |
Thereafter | | | - | |
| | $ | 482,923 | |
In connection to the issuance of the Debentures, the Company entered into a Registration Rights Agreement, in which a registration statement registering the resale of the common stock into which the Debentures are convertible and for which the Warrants are exercisable, as well as certain other shares of the Company's common stock is required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than April 13, 2007 and be declared effective by the SEC not later than May 28, 2007 if there is no SEC review of the registration statement, and June 27, 2007 if there is an SEC review. Failure to meet these deadlines will result in liquidated damages of 2% of the aggregate purchase price of the Debentures and Warrants per month, pro rated for partial periods. The Company filed the registration statement on June 1, 2007, however the registration statement did not become effective until September 25, 2007. Because the Amended Agreement waived all outstanding registration damages, the Company reversed the previously accrued liquidated damages totaling $345,017 at December 31, 2007.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Following is a summary of the status of warrants outstanding at March 31, 2008:
Outstanding Warrants | | Exercisable Warrants | |
Exercise Price | | Number | | Average Remaining Contractual Life | | Average Exercise Price | | Number | |
$1.20 | | 975,000 | | 1.92 years | | $1.20 | | 975,000 | |
$1.00 | | 570,500 | | 3.92 years | | $1.00 | | 570,500 | |
Total | | 1,545,500 | | | | | | 1,545,500 | |
Following is a summary of the Warrant activity:
Outstanding as of December 31, 2006 | | - | |
Granted | | | 4,645,500 | |
Forfeited | | | - | |
Exercised | | | 3,100,000 | |
Outstanding as of December 31, 2007 | | | 1,545,500 | |
Forfeited | | | - | |
Exercised | | | - | |
Outstanding as of March 31, 2008 | | | 1,545,500 | |
On or about March 31, 2008, the Company entered into an Amendment and Waiver Agreement (the “Amendment”) with two institutional and accredited investors who acquired two of the Debentures in a private transaction from the original holders of these Debentures. The Amendment amends certain terms and conditions of Debentures. The transaction contemplated by the Amendment closed on April 21, 2008, upon the issuance of shares of the Company’s restricted common stock to these two investors pursuant to the terms of the Amendment. The Amendment is similar to the above Amendment Agreement with significant differences summarized below:
· | The Amendment amends the terms of the Debentures held by these two investors by changing the conversion price from $1.00 per share to $0.80 per share |
· | The Amendment is deemed to be: (a) the Company’s notice (the “Conversion Notice”) to require conversion of the entire outstanding principal of the Debentures held by these two investors and all accrued but unpaid interest thereto. |
· | Pursuant to the Conversion Notice, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,227,503 shares of our common stock (the “Shares”) to these two investors in reliance on the exemptions for sales of securities not involving a public offering to accredited investors, as set forth in Rule 506 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
Note 13 - STATUTORY RESERVES
Statutory reserves represent restricted retained earnings. Based on the legal formation of the entities, all PRC entities are required to set aside 10% of its net income as reported in its statutory accounts on an annual basis to the Statutory Surplus Reserve Fund. Once the total Statutory Surplus Reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital of the respective subsidiaries, further appropriations are discretionary. The Statutory Surplus Reserve can be used to increase the registered capital and eliminate future losses of the respective companies under PRC GAAP. The Company’s Statutory Surplus Reserve is not distributable to shareholders except in the event of liquidation.
The Reserve Fund can be used to increase the registered capital upon approval by relevant government authorities and eliminate future losses of the respective companies upon a resolution by the board of directors.
Appropriations to the above statutory reserves are accounted for as a transfer from unrestricted earnings to statutory reserves. During the period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company made total appropriations to these statutory reserves of $89,683, and $36,521, respectively.
There are no legal requirements in the PRC to fund these statutory reserves by transfer of cash to any restricted accounts, and the Company does not do so. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.
Note 14 - TAXES
The Company is registered in the State of Nevada whereas its subsidiary, Skystar is a tax exempt company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and conducts all of its business through its subsidiary, Sida, and its PRC VIEs, Xian Tianxing and Shanghai Siqiang
Sida, Xian Tianxing, and Shanghai Siqiang are subject to PRC’s Enterprise Income Tax. Pursuant to the PRC Income Tax Laws, Enterprise Income Taxes is generally imposed at a statutory rate of 25%. The Company has been approved as a new technology enterprise and under PRC Income Tax Laws, it is entitled to a preferential tax rate of 15%.
For the three month period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the provision for taxes on earnings consisted of:
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | (Unaudited) | |
Current PRC income tax expense | | | | | | | |
Enterprise income tax | | $ | 153,207 | | $ | 66,624 | |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
The following table reconciles the U.S. statutory rates to the Company's effective tax rate as of March 31:
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
U.S. Statutory rates | | | 34.0 | % | | 34.0 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Foreign income not recognized in USA | | | (34.0 | ) | | (34.0 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
China income taxes | | | 25.0 | | | 33.0 | |
| | | | | | | |
China income tax exemption | | | (10.0 | ) | | (18.0 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Total provision for income taxes | | | 15.0 | % | | 15.0 | % |
The estimated tax savings due to the reduced tax rate for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $105,004 and $77,730, respectively. The net effect on earnings per share if the income tax had been applied would decrease basic earnings per share for the period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 to $0.03 and $(0.04), respectively, and would decrease diluted earnings per share to $0.02 and $(0.04), respectively.
Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Company was incorporated in the United States and has incurred net operating loss for income tax purpose for 2007. The net operating loss carry forwards for United States income tax purposes amounted to $6,638,420 which may be available to reduce future years’ taxable income. These carry forwards will expire, if not utilized, beginning in 2006 and continue through 2027. Management believes that the realization of the benefits arising from this loss appears to be uncertain due to Company’s limited operating history and continuing losses for United States income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Company has provided a 100% valuation allowance at March 31, 2008. The valuation allowance at March 31, 2008 was $2,813,144. Management will review this valuation allowance periodically and will make adjustments as warranted.
Note 15 - EARNINGS PER SHARE
The Company reports earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” SFAS No. 128 requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share in conjunction with the disclosure of the methodology used in computing such earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding was adjusted to account for the effects of the share exchange transaction as a reverse acquisition as fully described in Note 1.
The following demonstrates the calculation for earnings per share for the three months ended March 31:
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | (Unaudited) | |
Net income for basic earnings per share | | $ | 616,351 | | $ | (370,718 | ) |
Add: Interest expense for convertible note | | | 136,807 | | | | |
Minus: Discount on convertible debenture | | | (398,171 | ) | | | |
Net income for diluted earnings per share | | $ | 354,987 | | $ | (370,718 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares used in basic computation | | | 17,111,200 | | | 12,795,549 | |
Diluted effect of convertible debentures (as if) | | | 772,400 | | | | |
Diluted effect of warrants to placement agent | | | 87,646 | | | | |
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation | | | 17,971,246 | | | 12,795,549 | |
| | | | | | | |
Earnings per share | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.04 | | $ | (0.03 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | 0.02 | | $ | (0.03 | ) |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
At March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had outstanding warrants of 1,545,500. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, the average stock price was greater than the exercise prices of 570,500 warrants which resulted in additional weighted average common stock equivalents of 87,646; 975,000 outstanding warrants were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as they are anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2007, 1,545,500 outstanding warrants were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as they are anti-dilutive.
Note 16 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND ARRANGEMENTS
Related party receivables and payables
Amounts receivable from and payable to related parties are summarized as follows:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | |
Amounts due from shareholder: | | | | | |
Mr. Weibing Lu (1) | | $ | 23,726 | | $ | 59,462 | |
| | | | | | | |
Amount due to shareholder and director: | | | | | | | |
Ms. Aixia Wang (1) | | $ | 1,428 | | | 1,371 | |
Mr. Scott Cremer(1) | | | 30,245 | | | 30,245 | |
Total | | $ | 31,673 | | $ | 31,616 | |
| | | | | | | |
Amount due to related companies: | | | | | | | |
TianXing Digital - owned by a director (2) | | $ | - | | $ | 17,137 | |
Shanxi Xingji Electronics Co. - owned by a director's wife (2) | | | 7,113 | | | 32,817 | |
Total | | $ | 7,113 | | | 49,954 | |
(1) | The related individuals, Weibing Lu, Aixia Wang, and Scott Cremer are all shareholders of the Company. Mr. Lu and Mr. Cramer are also the directors of the Company, with Mr. Lu additionall being the chief executive office. The amounts due from and to these individuals were cash advances to facilitate Company operations or expenses paid by these individuals on behalf of the Company. These balances are non-interest bearing, unsecured, due on demand, and the ultimate manner of settlement is in cash or in exchange for office premises rental. |
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
(2) | Shanxi Xinji Electronics Company is owned by the wife of Mr. Lu and Tianxing Digital Co. Ltd. is owned by Mr. Lu. The amount due to Shanxi Xinji Electronics Co. Ltd. and Tianxing Digital Co., Ltd are short term cash transfers for business operations, non-interest bearing, unsecured, and payable upon demand. The ultimate manner of settlement is in cash. |
Note 17 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
(a) Lease commitments
The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight line basis over the term of the lease in accordance to SFAS. 13, “Accounting for leases.” The Company has entered into a tenancy agreement for the lease of factory premises for a period of ten years from October 1, 2004 to December 31, 2014 with an annual rent of $12,020, which is subject to a 10% increase every four subsequent years.
The Company leased additional office space from the Company’s CEO, Weibing Lu, for a period of five years from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011 with an annual rent of approximately $21,800 (or RMB 165,600).
The Company entered into a tenancy agreement for the lease of Shanghai Siqiang office for a period of ten years from August 1, 2007 to August 1, 2017 with an annual rent of $20,563.
The Company’s commitments for minimum rental payments under this lease for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
Nine months ending December 31, 2008 | | $ | 42,676 | |
Year ending December 31, 2009 | | | 57,720 | |
Year ending December 31, 2010 | | | 57,720 | |
Year ending December 31, 2011 | | | 57,720 | |
Year ending December 31, 2012 | | | 34,410 | |
Thereafter | | | 120,253 | |
| | $ | 370,499 | |
Rental expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $7,869 and $2,480, respectively.
(b) Legal proceedings
In March 2006, Gregory Evans (“Plaintiff”) filed suit against the Company, R. Scott Cramer, Steve Lowe and David Wassung (“Defendants”) in State of Nevada District Court in Clark Country, Nevada, alleging causes of action for “Refusing to Call Vote of Shareholders” and “Conversion” on or about November 18, 2005. On December 1, 2007, the lawsuit was dismissed following an Order to Show Cause regarding Dismissal. Prior to the dismissal, the Company was never served with a summons or complaint in the matter.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
On or around May 2007, Andrew Chien (“Chien” or "Plaintiff") filed suit against the Company, R. Scott Cramer, Steve Lowe, David Wassung and Weibing Lu (“Defendants”) in United States District Court for the District of Connecticut, alleging causes of action for violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In or around November 2007, the Defendants filed motions to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim and for lack of personal jurisdiction. The Plaintiff agreed to voluntarily amend the complaint after the motions were filed, and an amended complaint was subsequently filed on or around January 4, 2008. The amended complaint dropped Weibing Lu (who is a resident of China and had never been served) as a defendant. The remaining Defendants contend that the amended complaint has failed to correct the deficiencies of the original, and have filed a renewed motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, also preserving their challenge to personal jurisdiction. The Defendants deny all claims and have moved the Court to dismiss the complaint in its entirety in their motion to dismiss, which is still pending. The motion to dismiss also requests that the Court award sanctions against Chien under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act and other authority in the event the Defendants' motion to dismiss the complaint is granted.
Other than the above described legal proceeding, the Company is not aware of any legal proceedings in which purchasers, any director, officer, or any owner of record or beneficial owner of more than five percent of any class of voting securities of the Company, or any affiliate of purchaser, or of any such director, officer, affiliate of the Company, or security holder, is a party adverse to Company or has a material interest adverse to the Company. No provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements for the above contingencies.
(c) Ownership of leasehold property
In 2005, one of the shareholders contributed a leasehold office building as additional capital of Xian Tianxing. However, the title of the leasehold property has not passed to the Company. Management believes, there should be no legal barriers for the shareholder to transfer the ownership to the Company.
However, in the event that the Company fails to obtain the ownership certificate for the leasehold building, there is the risk that the buildings will need to be vacated due to illegitimate ownership. Management believes that this possibility while present is very remote. As a result, no provision has been made in the financial statements for this potential occurrence.
Note 18 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On April 21, 2008, the Company issued 90,000 shares of its restricted common stock to Russell Scott Cramer, a member of the Company’s board of directors. These restricted common shares were issued to Mr. Cramer pursuant to a unanimous written consent of the board of directors (excluding Mr. Cramer) for services unrelated to Mr. Cramer’s duties as a director.
Additionally, on April 21, 2008, the Company issued 210,400 shares of its restricted common stock to its legal counsel. These restricted common shares were issued to the legal counsel pursuant to a unanimous written consent of the board of directors of the Company as partial payment for services rendered.
SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2008
(UNAUDITED)
On May 5, 2008, Ms. Erna Gao resigned as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company. On the same date, the Company entered into a Loanout Agreement with Worldwide Officers, Inc., a California corporation, pursuant to which the Company has retained the services of Bennet P. Tchaikovsky to serve as Skystar’s Chief Financial Officer for a term of one year. Under the terms of the Loanout Agreement, Mr. Tchaikovsky will perform his duties from the United States and on a part-time basis (90 hours per month), and the Company agreed to pay an annual fee of $75,000 for Mr. Tchaikovsky’s services. Additionally, Mr. Tchaikovsky will have the right to receive 52,173 shares of our restricted common stock, to vest in four equal installments of 17,391 shares each every 3 calendar months, with the first installment to vest on August 5, 2008.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this item. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking statements within the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to our future plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. These statements may be identified by the use of words such as “may”, “will”, “could”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “believe”, “estimate”, “plan”, “predict”, and similar terms or terminology, or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although we believe the expectations expressed in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge of our business, our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these statements. Factors that could contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the “Risk Factors” section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason even if new information becomes available or other events occur in the future.
Our financial statements are prepared in U.S. dollars and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. See “Exchange Rates” below for information concerning the exchanges rates at which Renminbi were translated into U.S. dollars at various pertinent dates and for pertinent periods.
Overview
Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Company (“Skystar” or the “Company”), formerly known as The Cyber Group Network Corporation, was incorporated in Nevada on September 24, 1998. The Company has not carried on any substantive operations of its own, except for the entering of certain exclusive agreements with Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Limited (“Xian Tianxing”), a joint stock company in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or “PRC”), through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings Co., Limited (“Skystar Cayman”), a Cayman Islands company which the Company acquired on November 7, 2005. Skystar Cayman, through its variable interest entity (“VIE”), Xian Tianxing, engages in research, development, production, marketing and sales of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products in China.
Chinese law currently has limits on foreign ownership of certain companies. To comply with these foreign ownership restrictions, we operate our bio-pharmaceutical business in China through Xian Tianxing. Xian Tianxing holds the licenses and approvals necessary to operate our bio-pharmaceutical business in China. We have contractual arrangements with Xian Tianxing and its shareholders pursuant to which we provide technology consulting and other general business operation services to Xian Tianxing. Through these contractual arrangements, we also have the ability to substantially influence Xian Tianxing’s daily operations and financial affairs, appoint its senior executives and approve all matters requiring shareholder approval. As a result of these contractual arrangements, which enable us to control Xian Tianxing, we are considered the primary beneficiary of Xian Tianxing. Please see “Recent Development” below and Note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report for the transfer of the contractual arrangements to Sida Biotechnology (Xian) Co., Ltd. (“Sida”), a PRC limited liability company, in March 2008, and their impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Our business divisions currently include a veterinary bio-pharmaceutical products division, a veterinary drugs division, a fodder or feed additive division, and a micro-organism preparation division. Currently, we have four major product lines:
| · | Our bio-pharmaceutical veterinary vaccine line currently includes over 10 products; |
| | |
| · | Our veterinary medicine line for poultry and livestock currently includes over 70 products; |
| | |
| · | Our feed additives line currently includes over 10 products; and |
| · | Our micro-organism products line currently includes over 10 products. |
Among our prominent products is a vaccine is designed to prevent the onset of avian coccidiosis disease, a parasitic and highly contagious gastrointestinal disease affecting chicken and other poultry. We refer to this vaccine as the “DLV chicken vaccine.” This disease has a significant economic impact to the poultry industry. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that avian coccidiosis costs the worldwide poultry industry $3 billion in treatment expenses, bird losses and unmarketable birds due to low bird weight. Management believes that our DLV chicken vaccine is safe, effective and easy to administer, and may save costs by as much as 60% as compared to using conventional chemical medicines such as sulfaquinoxaline sodium and salinomycin sodium.
In August 2007, Xian Tianxing established Shanghai Siqiang Biotechnological Company Limited (“Shanghai Siqiang”), with Xian Tianxing as the 100% shareholder. With technology support and consultation from Shanghai Poultry Verminosis Institution, which is a part of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Siqiang engaged in the research, development, production and sales of feed additives and veterinary disease diagnosis equipments.
All of our revenue is derived from the sale of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products in China. We sell our products through a distribution channel covering 29 provinces in China. As of May 13, 2008, we had over 600 distributors and 200 direct customers in 29 provinces in China.
Recent Development
On March 10, 2008, we were made a party to a series of agreements (collectively the “Transfer Agreements”) transferring the contractual arrangements governing the relationship among Skystar Cayman, Xian Tianxing and the majority shareholders of Xian Tianxing. Pursuant to the Transfer Agreements, from and after March 10, 2008, all of the rights and obligations of Skystar Cayman under the contractual arrangements were transferred to Sida. The Company was made a party to the Transfer Agreements for the sole purpose of acknowledging the Transfer Agreements. Sida is the wholly owned subsidiary of Fortunate Time International Ltd. (“Fortunate Time”), a Hong Kong company and wholly owned subsidiary of Skystar Cayman. In effect, Skystar Cayman assigned the contractual rights it had with Xian Tianxing to an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary, Sida.
Under our corporate structure with the contractual arrangements, the ability to transfer funds to and from Xian Tianxing expeditiously through a foreign currency bank account is necessary for the running of our business operations. Under current applicable Chinese law, only a company that is classified as either a wholly foreign owned enterprise (WFOE) or a Sino-foreign joint venture may maintain a foreign currency bank account. Because Sida is wholly owned by Fortunate Time, a Hong Kong company, Sida is deemed a WFOE and may therefore maintain a foreign currency account. The Transfer Agreements amend the contractual arrangements so that funds are required to be transferred to and from Xian Tianxing through Sida’s foreign currency account and, through Sida, allow us to continue to control Xian Tianxing and its business operations.
2008 Outlook
Acquisitions. We intend to explore acquisitions of Good Manufacturing Practice (“GMP”) certified bio-pharmaceutical companies in provinces located close to our headquarters. One of our considerations for acquisitions is that the potential target must have production capacity for different dosage forms such as injection and powder. We may also consider acquiring bio-pharmaceutical companies with similar production capacity in other regions of China. Our goal is to be among the top producer and distributor of veterinary medicines in China, and we hope to be able to complete some acquisitions by the end of 2008.
Brand Awareness. Our goal is to associate the “Skystar” brand with reputable, high-quality products, including veterinary products. We recognize the importance of branding as well as packaging. All of our products bear a uniform brand but we also brand and package our products with specialized designs to differentiate the different categories of our products.
We conduct promotional marketing activities to publicize and enhance our image as well as to reinforce the recognition of our brand name, including:
| · | publishing advertisements and articles in national as well as specialized and provincial newspapers, magazines, and in other media, including the Internet; |
| · | participating in national meetings, seminars, symposiums, exhibitions for bio-pharmaceutical and other related industries; |
| · | organizing cooperative promotional activities with distributors; and |
| · | sending direct mail to major farms. |
Manufacturing Facility. We intend to complete a vaccine manufacturing facility by the third quarter of 2008 and obtain GMP certification by the end of 2008.
Additional Products. We plan to commercialize new products in each of the four divisions. We also expend significant amount of resources into our research and development in order to have additional products in the future. Management believes that such products will ultimately increase future revenue to our company.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In preparing the consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we make estimates and assumptions about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, may vary from the related actual results. We consider the following to be the most critical accounting policies:
· | Revenue recognition: Revenues of the Company include sales of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products in China. Sales are recognized when the following four revenue criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the selling price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Sales are presented net of value added tax (VAT). No return allowance is made as product returns are insignificant based on historical experience. |
| |
| (a) | Credit sales: Revenue is recognized when the products have been delivered to the customers. |
| | |
| (b) | Full payment before delivering: Revenue is recognized when the products have been delivered to customers. |
| | |
· | Accounts receivable: We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon payment history and the customers’ current credit worthiness, as determined by a review of their current credit information. We continuously monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain a provision for estimated credit losses based upon historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that have been experienced in the past. |
| |
· | Convertible debentures and warrants: We have adopted APB No. 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, FAS 133, EITF-98-5, and EITF-00-27, for valuation and accounting treatment of our outstanding convertible debentures and warrants. |
| |
· | Liquidated damages: We have adopted FAS 5 and EITF 00-19-2 in connection with the liquidated damages we accrued pursuant to the terms of our Registration Rights Agreement with certain investors dated February 27, 2007. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined under SFAS 157 as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. SFAS 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157. The Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. The objective of FAS 159 is to provide opportunities to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply hedge accounting provisions. FAS 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008. The Company chose not to elect the option to measure the fair value of eligible financial assets and liabilities.
In June 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services Received for use in Future Research and Development Activities” (“FSP EITF 07-3”), which addresses whether nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that used or rendered for research and development activities should be expensed when the advance payment is made or when the research and development activity has been performed. The Company adopted FSP EITF 07-3 and expensed the research and development as incurred.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“SFAS 160”), which establishes accounting and reporting standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the valuation of retained non-controlling equity investments when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company has not determined the effect that the application of SFAS 160 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R), Business Combinations, was issued. SFAS No. 141R replaces SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. SFAS 141R retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (which SFAS 141 called the purchase method) be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination. SFAS 141R requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. This replaces SFAS 141’s cost-allocation process, which required the cost of an acquisition to be allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. SFAS 141R also requires the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages (sometimes referred to as a step acquisition) to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values (or other amounts determined in accordance with SFAS 141R). SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adopting SFAS No. 141R will have on its financial statements.
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes our results of operations. The table and the discussion below should be read in conjunction with the unaudited financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (in U.S. Dollars, except for percentages) | |
Sales | | $ | 2,686,354 | | | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,367,810 | | | 100.00 | % |
Gross Profit | | $ | 1,388,935 | | | 51.70 | % | $ | 670,775 | | | 49.04 | % |
Operating Expense | | $ | 490,878 | | | 18.27 | % | $ | 818,533 | | | 59.84 | % |
Income From Operations | | $ | 898,057 | | | 33.43 | % | $ | (147,758 | ) | | (10.80 | )% |
Other Expenses | | $ | 128,499 | | | 4.78 | % | $ | 156,336 | | | 11.43 | % |
Income tax expenses | | $ | 153,207 | | | 5.70 | % | $ | 66,624 | | | 4.87 | % |
Net Income | | $ | 616,351 | | | 22.94 | % | $ | (370,718 | ) | | (27.10 | )% |
Revenue. All of our revenue is derived from the sale of bio-pharmaceutical and veterinary products in the PRC. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we had revenues of $2,686,354 as compared to revenues of $1,367,810 during the three months ended March 31, 2007, an increase of approximately 96.40%. We introduced several new products, including more than 60 new veterinary medicine products which accounted for $1,661,519 of our total revenue for the first quarter of fiscal 2008, an increase of approximately 343% as compared to the revenue from the same product segment for the three months ended March 31, 2007.
The following table sets forth the components of our cost of sales and gross profit both in absolute amount and as a percentage of total net sales for the periods indicated.
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (in U.S. dollars, except for percentages) | |
Total Net Sales | | $ | 2,686,354 | | | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,367,810 | | | 100.00 | % |
Raw materials | | $ | 1,163,090 | | | 43.30 | % | $ | 610,487 | | | 44.64 | % |
Labor | | $ | 44,318 | | | 1.65 | % | $ | 61,450 | | | 4.49 | % |
Manufacturing Overhead | | $ | 90,011 | | | 3.35 | % | $ | 25,098 | | | 1.83 | % |
Total Cost of Goods Sold | | $ | 1,297,419 | | | 48.30 | % | $ | 697,035 | | | 50.96 | % |
Gross Profit | | $ | 1,388,935 | | | 51.70 | % | $ | 670,775 | | | 49.04 | % |
Gross Profit. Cost of goods sold, which consists of raw materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead, was $1,297,419 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to $697,035 for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Gross profit was $1,388,935 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to $670,775 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, representing gross profit margins of approximately 51.70% and 49.04%, respectively. The increase in our gross profit margins is attributable to (a) the introduction of new high demand products that have higher gross profit margins, and (b) improvement in manufacturing techniques and the adaption of new technologies that cause equipment and machinery to operate more efficiently, which allowed us to use raw materials more efficiently and minimize waste. Additionally, our ability to produce microbial strains, which are key components in our micro-organism products, has translated into reduced costs to manufacture these products.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
| | For the Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | $% of Total Net Sales | | | | $% of Total Net Sales | |
| | (in U.S. Dollars, except for percentages) | |
Gross Profit | | $ | 1,388,935 | | | 51.70 | % | $ | 670,775 | | | 49.04 | % |
Operating Expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Selling Expenses | | | 189,844 | | | 7.07 | % | | 109,428 | | | 8.00 | % |
General and Administrative Expenses | | | 190,977 | | | 7.11 | % | | 316,551 | | | 23.14 | % |
Research and Development Costs | | | 47,299 | | | 1.76 | % | | 31,655 | | | 2.31 | % |
Amortization of Deferred Compensation | | | 62,758 | | | 2.34 | % | | 360,899 | | | 26.39 | % |
Total | | | 490,878 | | | 18.27 | % | | 818,533 | | | 59.84 | % |
Income (Loss) from Operations | | | 898,057 | | | 33.43 | % | | (147,758 | ) | | (10.80 | %) |
Selling Expenses. Selling expenses, which consist of commissions, advertising and promotion expenses, freight charges, and salaries totaled $189,844 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to $109,428 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, an increase of approximately 73.49%. This increase is primarily attributable to our expanding sales team and activities, which is, in turn, reflected in our increased sales. We believe that our selling expenses will continue to increase as our sales continue to grow.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses totaled $190,977 for the three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $316,551 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, a decrease of approximately 39.67%. General and administrative expenses are primarily legal accounting and other professional fees that we incur in order to stay compliant as a U.S. public company. Such professional expenses were considerably higher for the first quarter of 2007 as a result of our private financing transaction that closed during that period. However, we anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase due to the increasing costs of being a U.S. public company.
Research and Development Costs. Research and development costs, which consist of salaries, professional fees, and technical support fees, totaled $47,299 for the three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $31,655 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, an increase of approximately 49.42%. This significant increase is primarily attributable to increased research activities with certain outside experts and institutions with whom we cooperate on research and development of both existing and new products. We believe that our research and development costs will continue to increase as we will continue to increase our research activities.
Income from Operations. We recorded income of $898,057 from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to loss of $147,758 for the same period in 2007, representing an increase of approximately 707.79%. The increase is mainly due to an increase in sales of our products, including our products with higher gross profit margins.
Net Income. We had net income of $616,351 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to net loss of $370,718 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, an increase of approximately 266.26%. The increase in net income is largely attributable to an increase in sales.
Liquidity
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, cash used in operating activities was $1,035,518 as compared to $259,268 cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease in cash generated from operating activities is primarily attributable to (a) bulk purchases of certain raw materials for anticipated production of both existing and new products in the second and third quarter of fiscal 2008, and (b) increased prepayments to certain suppliers to ensure low purchase price of certain raw materials.
We generated $473,967 from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to expending $249,261 in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The expenditure in investing activities for 2008 consisted of payment of $47,829 for the purchase of equipment. The income from investing activities for 2008 consisted of proceeds of $521,796 from loans receivable.
From financing activities, we generated $160,533 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to $3,773,825 generated from the three months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease in cash generated from financing activities is mainly attributable to the proceeds from a third party loan further discussed in detail in Note 9 of the accompanying footnotes to the consolidated financial statements.
As of March 31, 2008, we had cash of $389,300. Our total current assets were $8,110,386, and our total current liabilities were $2,074,290, which resulted in a net working capital of $6,036,096. Management believes that we have the ability to meet cash requirements for our operations in order to continue as a going concern, including sufficient cash flows to meet our obligations on a timely basis in the foreseeable future, provided that we can continue to maintain profitable operations and our net working capital remains liquid.
Capital Resources
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, the Company received loan receivable approximately of $521,000, of which approximately $48,000 were used to purchase plant and equipment. If we were to acquire another business or further expand our operations, we will require additional capital.
Exchange Rate
Xian Tianxing maintains its books and records in Renminbi (“RMB”), the lawful currency of China. In general, for consolidation purposes, we translate Xian Tianxing’s assets and liabilities into US Dollars using the applicable exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date, and the statement of income is translated at average exchange rates during the reporting period. Adjustments resulting from the translation of Xian Tianxing’s financial statements are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income.
Until July 21, 2005, RMB had been pegged to US$ at the rate of RMB8.30: US$1.00. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese government reformed the exchange rate system into a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. In addition, the exchange rate of RMB to US$ was adjusted to RMB8.11: US$1.00 as of July 21, 2005. The People’s Bank of China announces the closing price of a foreign currency such as US$ traded against RMB in the inter-bank foreign exchange market after the closing of the market on each working day, which will become the unified exchange rate for the trading against RMB on the following working day. The daily trading price of US$ against RMB in the inter-bank foreign exchange market is allowed to float within a band of ± 0.3% around the unified exchange rate published by the People’s Bank of China. This quotation of exchange rates does not imply free convertibility of RMB to other foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions continue to take place either through the Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the Bank of China or other institutions required submitting a payment application form together with invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts.
The exchange rates used to translate amounts in RMB into US Dollars for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements or otherwise stated in this MD&A were as follows:
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | | March 31, 2007 | |
| | | | | | | |
Assets and liabilities | | | USD0.14280:RMB1 | | | USD0.1371:RMB1 | | | USD0.12950:RMB1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Statements of operations and cash flows for the period/year ended | | | USD0.13977:RMB1 | | | USD0.13167:RMB1 | | | USD0.12901:RMB1 | |
No representation is made that RMB amounts have been, or would be, converted into US$ at the above rates.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of the date of this quarterly report, we do not have any outstanding financial guarantees or commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as stockholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not Applicable
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of March 31, 2008, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) were not effective.
Remediation of Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, we reported certain material weaknesses involving control activities, specifically (1) accounting and finance personnel weaknesses, (2) lack of internal audit function and (3) lack of internal audit system. In light of the foregoing, our management began to undertake steps to address these issues, some of which were outlined in our annual report. Specifically, we have recently retained Mr. Bennet P. Tchaikovsky as our chief financial officer, whom our management believes has the requisite financial reporting experience, skills and knowledge to complement our existing personnel. Additionally, we are in the process of interviewing prospective new members for our board of directors, including a member who is appropriately credentialed as a financial expert with a goal to establish both our audit and compensation committees, as well as sufficient number of independent directors.
Management, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and internal controls will prevent all error or all fraud, even as the same are improved to address any deficiencies and/or weaknesses. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control.
Our financial reporting process includes extensive procedures we undertake in order to obtain assurance regarding the reliability of our published financial statements, notwithstanding the material weaknesses in internal control. We expanded our review of accounting for business combinations to help compensate for our material weaknesses in order to provide assurance that the financial statements are free of material inaccuracies or omissions of material fact. As a result, management, to the best of its knowledge, believes that (i) this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q does not contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omits any material fact and (ii) the financial statements and other financial information included in this report have been prepared in conformity with GAAP and fairly present in all material aspects our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except for the remedial actions taken as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The following discussion discusses all known or anticipated material legal proceedings commenced by or against us. Occasionally we may be named as a party in claims and legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of our business. These claims and legal proceedings may relate to contractual rights and obligations, employment matters, or to other matters relating to our business and operations.
Other than the matter discussed below, we are not aware of any material pending legal proceedings involving us.
Gregory Evans v. The Cyber Group Network Corp, et al. (District Court, Clark County, State of Nevada, Case No. A513378). In March 2006, Gregory Evans filed suit against us, (under our former name, The Cyber Group Network Corp), R. Scott Cramer, Steve Lowe and David Wassung in State of Nevada District Court in Clark County, Nevada, alleging causes of action for “Refusing to Call Vote of Stockholders” and “Conversion” on or about November 18, 2005. On December 1, 2007, the lawsuit was dismissed following an Order to Show Cause regarding Dismissal. Prior to the dismissal, the Company was never served with a summons or complaint in the matter.
Andrew Chien v. Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Company, et. al. (US. District Court, District of Connecticut, Case No. 3:2007cv00781). Andrew Chien filed suit against the Company, R. Scott Cramer, Steve Lowe, David Wassung and Weibing Lu in United States District Court for the District of Connecticut, alleging causes of action for violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act. In or around November 2007, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim and for lack of personal jurisdiction. Mr. Chien agreed to voluntarily amend the complaint after the motions were filed, and an amended complaint was subsequently filed on or around January 4, 2008. The amended complaint dropped Weibing Lu (who is a resident of China and had never been served) as a defendant. The remaining defendants contend that the amended complaint has failed to correct the deficiencies of the original complaint, and have filed a renewed motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, also preserving their challenge to personal jurisdiction. The defendants deny all claims and have moved the Court to dismiss the amended complaint in its entirety in their motion to dismiss, which is still pending. The motion to dismiss also requests that the Court award sanctions against Mr. Chien under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act and other authority in the event the defendants' motion to dismiss the amended complaint is granted.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this report before making an investment decision with regard to our securities. The statements contained in or incorporated into this offering that are not historic facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in or implied by forward-looking statements. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business
Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and results of operations.
We have a relatively limited operating history. Xian Tianxing, the variable interest entity through which we operate our business, commenced operations in 1997 and first achieved profitability in the quarter ended September 30, 1999. Accordingly, you should consider our future prospects in light of the risks and uncertainties typically experienced by companies such as ours in evolving industries such as the bio-pharmaceutical industry in China. Some of these risks and uncertainties relate to our ability to:
| · | offer new and innovative products to attract and retain a larger customer base; |
| | |
| · | attract additional customers and increase spending per customer; |
| | |
| · | increase awareness of our brand and continue to develop user and customer loyalty; |
| | |
| · | raise sufficient capital to sustain and expand our business; |
| | |
| · | maintain effective control of our costs and expenses; |
| | |
| · | respond to changes in our regulatory environment; |
| | |
| · | respond to competitive market conditions; |
| | |
| · | manage risks associated with intellectual property rights; |
| | |
| · | attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel; |
| | |
| · | upgrade our technology to support additional research and development of new products; and |
| | |
| · | maintain or improve our position as one of the market leaders in China. |
If we are unsuccessful in addressing any of these risks and uncertainties, our business may be materially and adversely affected.
If we fail to obtain additional financing we will be unable to execute our business plan.
The revenues from the production and sale of bio-pharmaceutical products and the projected revenues from these products are not adequate to support our expansion and product development programs. Despite our recent financing, we may need additional funds to build our new production facilities; pursue further research and development; obtain regulatory approvals; file, prosecute, defend and enforce our intellectual property rights; and market our products. Should such needs arise, we intend to seek additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing, strategic transactions and/or from other sources.
There are no assurances that future funding will be available on favorable terms or at all. If additional funding is not obtained, we will need to reduce, defer or cancel development programs, planned initiatives or overhead expenditures, to the extent necessary. The failure to fund our capital requirements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business will be materially and adversely affected if our collaborative partners, licensees and other third parties over whom we are very dependent fail to perform as expected.
Due to the complexity of the process of developing bio-pharmaceuticals, our core business depends on arrangements with bio-pharmaceutical institutes, corporate and academic collaborators, licensors, licensees and others for the research, development, clinical testing, technology rights, manufacturing, marketing and commercialization of our products. We have various research collaborations and outsource other business functions. Our license agreements could obligate us to diligently bring potential products to market, make substantial milestone payments and royalties and incur the costs of filing and prosecuting patent applications. There are no assurances that we will be able to establish or maintain collaborations that are important to our business on favorable terms, or at all. We could enter into collaborative arrangements for the development of particular products that may lead to our relinquishing some or all rights to the related technology or products. A number of risks arise from our dependence on collaborative agreements with third parties. Product development and commercialization efforts could be adversely affected if any collaborative partner:
| · | terminates or suspends its agreement with us; |
| · | causes delays; |
| · | fails to timely develop or manufacture in adequate quantities a substance needed in order to conduct clinical trials; |
| · | fails to adequately perform clinical trials; |
| · | determines not to develop, manufacture or commercialize a product to which it has rights; or |
| · | otherwise fails to meet its contractual obligations. |
Our collaborative partners could pursue other technologies or develop alternative products that could compete with the products we are developing.
Our products will be adversely affected if we are unable to protect proprietary rights or operate without infringing the proprietary rights of others.
The profitability of our products will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patents and licenses and preserve trade secrets, and the period our intellectual property remains exclusive. We must also operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties and without third parties circumventing our rights. The patent positions of bio-pharmaceutical and biotechnology enterprises, including ours, are uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions for which important legal principles are largely unresolved. For example, no consistent policy has emerged regarding the breadth of biotechnology patent claims that are granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or enforced by the U.S. federal courts. In addition, the scope of the originally claimed subject matter in a patent application can be significantly reduced before a patent is issued. The biotechnology patent situation outside the U.S. is even more uncertain, is currently undergoing review and revision in many countries, and may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the U.S. Because patent applications are maintained in secrecy in some cases, we cannot be certain that we or our licensors are the first creators of inventions described in our pending patent applications or patents or the first to file patent applications for such inventions.
Other companies may independently develop similar products and design around any patented products we develop. We cannot assure you that:
| · | any of our patent applications will result in the issuance of patents; |
| | |
| · | we will develop additional patentable products; |
| | |
| · | the patents we have been issued will provide us with any competitive advantages; |
| | |
| · | the patents of others will not impede our ability to do business; or |
| | |
| · | third parties will not be able to circumvent our patents. |
A number of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, research and academic companies and institutions have developed technologies, filed patent applications or received patents on technologies that may relate to our business. If these technologies, applications or patents conflict with ours, the scope of our current or future patents could be limited or our patent applications could be denied. Our business may be adversely affected if competitors independently develop competing technologies, especially if we do not obtain, or obtain only narrow, patent protection. If patents that cover our activities are issued to other companies, we may not be able to obtain licenses at a reasonable cost, or at all; develop our technology; or introduce, manufacture or sell the products we have planned.
Patent litigation is becoming widespread in the biotechnology industry. Such litigation may affect our efforts to form collaborations, to conduct research or development, to conduct clinical testing or to manufacture or market any products under development. There are no assurances that our patents would be held valid or enforceable by a court or that a competitor’s technology or product would be found to infringe our patents in the event of patent litigation. Our business could be materially affected by an adverse outcome to such litigation. Similarly, we may need to participate in interference proceedings declared by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or equivalent international authorities to determine priority of invention. We could incur substantial costs and devote significant management resources to defend our patent position or to seek a declaration that another company’s patents are invalid.
Much of our know-how and technology may not be patentable, though it may constitute trade secrets. There are no assurances that we will be able to meaningfully protect our trade secrets. We cannot assure you that any of our existing confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants, advisors or collaborators will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use or disclosure. Collaborators, advisors or consultants may dispute the ownership of proprietary rights to our technology, for example by asserting that they developed the technology independently.
Difficulties in manufacturing our products could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
Before our products can be profitable, they must be produced in commercial quantities in a cost-effective manufacturing process that complies with regulatory requirements, including China’s Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), production and quality control regulations. If we cannot arrange for or maintain commercial-scale manufacturing on acceptable terms, or if there are delays or difficulties in the manufacturing process, we may not be able to conduct clinical trials, obtain regulatory approval or meet demand for our products.
Failure or delays in obtaining an adequate amount of raw material or other supplies would materially and adversely affect our revenue
Production of our products could require raw materials which are scarce or which can be obtained only from a limited number of sources. If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of such raw materials, the development, regulatory approval and marketing of our products could be delayed.
Our ability to generate more revenue would be adversely affected if we need more clinical trials or take more time to complete our clinical trials than we have planned.
Clinical trials vary in design by factors including dosage, end points, length, and controls. We may need to conduct a series of trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our products. The results of these trials may not demonstrate safety or efficacy sufficiently for regulatory authorities to approve our products. Further, the actual schedules for our clinical trials could vary dramatically from the forecasted schedules due to factors including changes in trial design, conflicts with the schedules of participating clinicians and clinical institutions, and changes affecting product supplies for clinical trials.
We rely on collaborators, including academic institutions, governmental agencies and clinical research organizations, to conduct, supervise, monitor and design some or all aspects of clinical trials involving our products. Since these trials depend on governmental participation and funding, we have less control over their timing and design than trials we sponsor. Delays in or failure to commence or complete any planned clinical trials could delay the ultimate timelines for our product releases. Such delays could reduce investors’ confidence in our ability to develop products, likely causing the price of our common stock to decrease.
If we are unable to obtain the regulatory approvals or clearances that are necessary to commercialize our products, we will have less revenue than expected.
China and other countries impose significant statutory and regulatory obligations upon the manufacture and sale of bio-pharmaceutical products. Each regulatory authority typically has a lengthy approval process in which it examines pre-clinical and clinical data and the facilities in which the product is manufactured. Regulatory submissions must meet complex criteria to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the ultimate products. Addressing these criteria requires considerable data collection, verification and analysis. We may spend time and money preparing regulatory submissions or applications without assurances as to whether they will be approved on a timely basis or at all.
Our product candidates, some of which are currently in the early stages of development, will require significant additional development and pre-clinical and clinical testing prior to their commercialization. These steps and the process of obtaining required approvals and clearances can be costly and time-consuming. If our potential products are not successfully developed, cannot be proven to be safe and effective through clinical trials, or do not receive applicable regulatory approvals and clearances, or if there are delays in the process:
| · | the commercialization of our products could be adversely affected; |
| · | any competitive advantages of the products could be diminished; and |
| · | revenues or collaborative milestones from the products could be reduced or delayed. |
Governmental and regulatory authorities may approve a product candidate for fewer indications or narrower circumstances than requested or may condition approval on the performance of post-marketing studies for a product candidate. Even if a product receives regulatory approval and clearance, it may later exhibit adverse side effects that limit or prevent its widespread use or that force us to withdraw the product from the market.
Any marketed product and its manufacturer, including us, will continue to be subject to strict regulation after approval. Results of post-marketing programs may limit or expand the further marketing of products. Unforeseen problems with an approved product or any violation of regulations could result in restrictions on the product, including its withdrawal from the market and possible civil actions.
In manufacturing our products we will be required to comply with applicable good manufacturing practices regulations, which include requirements relating to quality control and quality assurance, as well as the maintenance of records and documentation. We cannot comply with regulatory requirements, including applicable good manufacturing practice requirements, we may not be allowed to develop or market the product candidates. If we or our manufacturers fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements at any stage during the regulatory process, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, product recalls or seizures, injunctions, refusal of regulatory agencies to review pending market approval applications or supplements to approve applications, total or partial suspension of production, civil penalties, withdrawals of previously approved marketing applications and criminal prosecution.
Competitors may develop and market bio-pharmaceutical products that are less expensive, more effective or safer, making our products obsolete or uncompetitive.
Some of our competitors and potential competitors have greater product development capabilities and financial, scientific, marketing and human resources than we do. Technological competition from biopharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies is intense and is expected to increase. Other companies have developed technologies that could be the basis for competitive products. Some of these products have an entirely different approach or means of accomplishing the desired curative effect than products we are developing. Alternative products may be developed that are more effective, work faster and are less costly than our products. Competitors may succeed in developing products earlier than us, obtaining approvals and clearances for such products more rapidly than us, or developing products that are more effective than ours. In addition, other forms of treatment may be competitive with our products. Over time, our technology or products may become obsolete or uncompetitive.
Our revenue will be materially and adversely affected if our products are unable to gain market acceptance.
Our products may not gain market acceptance in the agricultural community. The degree of market acceptance of any product depends on a number of factors, including establishment and demonstration of clinical efficacy and safety, cost-effectiveness, clinical advantages over alternative products, and marketing and distribution support for the products. Limited information regarding these factors is available in connection with our products or products that may compete with ours.
To directly market and distribute our bio-pharmaceutical products, we or our collaborators require a marketing and sales force with appropriate technical expertise and supporting distribution capabilities. We may not be able to further establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into arrangements with third parties on acceptable terms. If we or our partners cannot successfully market and sell our products, our ability to generate revenue will be limited.
Our operations and the use of our products could subject us to damages relating to injuries or accidental contamination and thus reduce our earnings or increase our losses.
Our research and development processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials. We are subject to federal, provincial and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of such materials and waste products. The risk of accidental contamination or injury from handling and disposing of such materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident involving hazardous materials, we could be held liable for resulting damages. We are not insured with respect to this liability. Such liability could exceed our resources. In the future we could incur significant costs to comply with environmental laws and regulations.
If we were sued for product liability, we could face substantial liabilities that may exceed our resources.
We may be held liable if any product we develop, or any product which is made using our technologies, causes injury or is found unsuitable during product testing, manufacturing, marketing, sale or use. These risks are inherent in the development of agricultural and bio-pharmaceutical products. We currently do not have product liability insurance. If we cannot obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise protect against potential product liability claims, the commercialization of products that we develop may be prevented or inhibited. If we are sued for any injury caused by our products, our liability could exceed our total assets, whether or not we are successful.
We have no business liability or disruption insurance coverage and therefore we are susceptible to catastrophic or other events that may disrupt our business.
The insurance industry in China is still at an early stage of development. Insurance companies in China offer limited business insurance products. We do not have any business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations in China. Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in our incurring substantial costs and the diversion of our resources.
We will be unsuccessful if we fail to attract and retain qualified personnel.
We depend on a core management and scientific team. The loss of any of these individuals could prevent us from achieving our business objective of commercializing our product candidates. Our future success will depend in large part on our continued ability to attract and retain other highly qualified scientific, technical and management personnel, as well as personnel with expertise in clinical testing and government regulation. We face competition for personnel from other companies, universities, public and private research institutions, government entities and other organizations. If our recruitment and retention efforts are unsuccessful, our business operations could suffer.
Risks Related to Our Corporate Structure
Chinese laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our contractual arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation, we could be subject to sanctions. In addition, changes in such Chinese laws and regulations may materially and adversely affect our business.
There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of Chinese laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of our contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entity, Xian Tianxing, and its stockholders. We are considered a foreign person or foreign invested enterprise under Chinese law. As a result, we are subject to Chinese law limitations on foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.
The Chinese government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and requiring actions necessary for compliance. In particular, licenses and permits issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked at a later time by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the interpretation of existing or new Chinese laws or regulations on our businesses. We cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not be found in violation of any current or future Chinese laws or regulations. As a result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be adversely affected by complexity, uncertainties and changes in Chinese regulation of bio-pharmaceutical business and companies, including limitations on our ability to own key assets.
The Chinese government regulates the bio-pharmaceutical industry including foreign ownership of, and the licensing and permit requirements pertaining to, companies in the bio-pharmaceutical industry. These laws and regulations are relatively new and evolving, and their interpretation and enforcement involve significant uncertainty. As a result, in certain circumstances it may be difficult to determine what actions or omissions may be deemed to be a violation of applicable laws and regulations. Issues, risks and uncertainties relating to Chinese government regulation of the bio-pharmaceutical industry include the following:
| · | we only have contractual control over Xian Tianxing. We do not own it due to the restriction of foreign investment in Chinese businesses; and |
| · | uncertainties relating to the regulation of the bio-pharmaceutical business in China, including evolving licensing practices, means that permits, licenses or operations at our company may be subject to challenge. This may disrupt our business, or subject us to sanctions, requirements to increase capital or other conditions or enforcement, or compromise enforceability of related contractual arrangements, or have other harmful effects on us. |
The interpretation and application of existing Chinese laws, regulations and policies and possible new laws, regulations or policies have created substantial uncertainties regarding the legality of existing and future foreign investments in, and the businesses and activities of, bio-pharmaceutical businesses in China, including our business.
In order to comply with Chinese laws limiting foreign ownership of Chinese companies, we conduct our bio-pharmaceutical business through Xian Tianxing by means of contractual arrangements. If the Chinese government determines that these contractual arrangements do not comply with applicable regulations, our business could be adversely affected.
The Chinese government restricts foreign investment in bio-pharmaceutical businesses in China. Accordingly, we operate our business in China through Xian Tianxing, a Chinese joint stock company. Xian Tianxing holds the licenses and approvals necessary to operate our bio-pharmaceutical business in China. We have contractual arrangements with Xian Tianxing and its stockholders that allow us to substantially control Xian Tianxing. We cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to enforce these contracts.
Although we believe we comply with current Chinese regulations, we cannot assure you that the Chinese government would agree that these operating arrangements comply with Chinese licensing, registration or other regulatory requirements, with existing policies or with requirements or policies that may be adopted in the future. If the Chinese government determines that we do not comply with applicable law, it could revoke our business and operating licenses, require us to discontinue or restrict our operations, restrict our right to collect revenues, require us to restructure our operations, impose additional conditions or requirements with which we may not be able to comply, impose restrictions on our business operations or on our customers, or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against us that could be harmful to our business.
Our contractual arrangements with Xian Tianxing and its stockholders may not be as effective in providing control over these entities as direct ownership.
Since Chinese law limits foreign equity ownership in bio-pharmaceutical companies in China, we operate our business through Xian Tianxing. We have no equity ownership interest in Xian Tianxing and rely on contractual arrangements to control and operate such businesses. These contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing control over Xian Tianxing as direct ownership. For example, Xian Tianxing could fail to take actions required for our business despite its contractual obligation to do so. If Xian Tianxing fails to perform under their agreements with us, we may have to rely on legal remedies under Chinese law, which may not be effective. In addition, we cannot assure you that either of Xian Tianxing’s stockholders will act in our best interests.
The Chairman of the Board of Directors of Xian Tianxing has potential conflicts of interest with us, which may adversely affect our business.
Weibing Lu, our Chief Executive Officer, is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Xian Tianxing. Conflicts of interests between his duties to our company and Xian Tianxing may arise. As Mr. Lu is a director and executive officer of our company, he has a duty of loyalty and care to us under U.S. and Cayman Islands law when there are any potential conflicts of interests between our company and Xian Tianxing. We cannot assure you, however, that when conflicts of interest arise, Mr. Lu will act completely in our interests or that conflicts of interests will be resolved in our favor. In addition, Mr. Lu could violate his legal duties by diverting business opportunities from us to others. If we cannot resolve any conflicts of interest between us and Mr. Lu, we would have to rely on legal proceedings, which could result in the disruption of our business.
Risks Related to Doing Business in China
Adverse changes in economic and political policies of the Chinese government could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China, which could adversely affect our business.
Substantially all of our business operations are conducted in China. Accordingly, our results of operations, financial condition and prospects are subject to a significant degree to economic, political and legal developments in China. China’s economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including with respect to the amount of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. While the Chinese economy has experienced significant growth in the past 20 years, growth has been uneven across different regions and among various economic sectors of China. The Chinese government has implemented various measures to encourage economic development and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may also have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us. Since early 2004, the Chinese government has implemented certain measures to control the pace of economic growth. Such measures may cause a decrease in the level of economic activity in China, which in turn could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
If Chinese law were to phase out the preferential tax benefits currently being extended to foreign invested enterprises and “new or high-technology enterprises” located in a high-tech zone, we would have to pay more taxes, which could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Under Chinese laws and regulations, a foreign invested enterprise may enjoy preferential tax benefits if it is registered in a high-tech zone and also qualifies as “new or high-technology enterprise”. As a foreign invested enterprise as well as a certified “new or high-technology enterprise” located in a high-tech zone in Xian, the Company has been approved as a new technology enterprise and under Chinese Income Tax Laws, it is entitled to a preferential tax rate of 15%. If the Chinese law were to phase out preferential tax benefits currently granted to “new or high-technology enterprises” and technology consulting services, we would be subject to the standard statutory tax rate, which currently is 25%, and we would be unable to obtain business tax refunds for our provision of technology consulting services. Loss of these preferential tax treatments could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Xian Tianxing is subject to restrictions on making payments to us.
We are a holding company incorporated in Nevada and do not have any assets or conduct any business operations other than our indirect investments in our affiliated entity in China, Xian Tianxing. As a result of our holding company structure, we rely entirely on payments from Xian Tianxing under our contractual arrangements. The Chinese government also imposes controls on the conversion of the Chinese currency, Renminbi (RMB), into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of China. We may experience difficulties in completing the administrative procedures necessary to obtain and remit foreign currency. See “Government control of currency conversion may affect the value of your investment.” Furthermore, if our affiliated entity in China incurs debt on their own in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to make payments. If we are unable to receive all of the revenues from our operations through these contractual or dividend arrangements, we may be unable to pay dividends on our ordinary shares.
Uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system could adversely affect us.
We conduct our business primarily through our affiliated Chinese entity, Xian Tianxing. Our operations in China are governed by Chinese laws and regulations. We are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investments in China and, in particular, laws applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises. The Chinese legal system is based on written statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
Since 1979, Chinese legislation and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system and recently enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China. In particular, because these laws and regulations are relatively new, and because of the limited volume of published decisions and their nonbinding nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve uncertainties. In addition, the Chinese legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules (some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all) that may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until some time after the violation. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention.
You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing original actions in China based on United States or other foreign laws against us, our management or the experts named in the prospectus.
We conduct substantially all of our operations in China and substantially all of our assets are located in China. In addition, all of our senior executive officers reside within China. As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process within the United States or elsewhere outside China upon our senior executive officers, including with respect to matters arising under U.S. federal securities laws or applicable state securities laws. Moreover, our Chinese counsel has advised us that China does not have treaties with the United States or many other countries providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgment of courts.
Governmental control of currency conversion may affect the value of your investment.
The Chinese government imposes controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive substantially all of our revenues in RMB. Under our current structure, our income is primarily derived from payments from Xian Tianxing. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict the ability of our Chinese subsidiaries and our affiliated entity to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations. Under existing Chinese foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and expenditures from trade-related transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from China State Administration of Foreign Exchange by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from appropriate government authorities is required where RMB is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of bank loans denominated in foreign currencies. The Chinese government may also at its discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our stockholders.
Fluctuation in the value of RMB may have a material adverse effect on your investment.
The value of RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions. Our revenues and costs are mostly denominated in RMB, while a significant portion of our financial assets are denominated in U.S. dollars. We rely entirely on fees paid to us by our affiliated entity in China. Any significant fluctuation in the value of RMB may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenues, earnings and financial position, and the value of, and any dividends payable on, our stock in U.S. dollars. For example, an appreciation of RMB against the U.S. dollar would make any new RMB denominated investments or expenditures more costly to us, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars into RMB for such purposes. An appreciation of RMB against the U.S. dollar would also result in foreign currency translation losses for financial reporting purposes when we translate our U.S. dollar denominated financial assets into RMB, as RMB is our reporting currency.
We face risks related to health epidemics and other outbreaks.
Our business could be adversely affected by the effects of an epidemic outbreak, such as the SARS epidemic in April 2004. Any prolonged recurrence of such adverse public health developments in China may have a material adverse effect on our business operations. For instance, health or other government regulations adopted in response may require temporary closure of our production facilities or of our offices. Such closures would severely disrupt our business operations and adversely affect our results of operations. We have not adopted any written preventive measures or contingency plans to combat any future outbreak of SARS or any other epidemic.
Risks Related to an Investment in Our Securities
The full exercise of certain outstanding warrants could result in the substantial dilution of the company in terms of a particular percentage ownership in the company as well as the book value of the common shares. The sale of a large amount of common shares received upon exercise of the warrants on the public market to finance the exercise price or to pay associated income taxes, or the perception that such sales could occur, could substantially depress the prevailing market prices for our shares.
The exercise price of certain of our outstanding warrants may be less than the current market price for our common shares. In the event of exercise of these securities, a stockholder could suffer substantial dilution of his, her or its investment in terms of the percentage ownership in us as well as the book value of the common shares held. Full exercise of the warrants would increase the outstanding common shares as of May 7, 2008 by approximately 8% to approximately 20,184,603 shares.
To date, we have not paid any cash dividends and no cash dividends are expected to be paid in the foreseeable future.
We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and we may not have sufficient funds legally available to pay dividends. Even if the funds are legally available for distribution, we may nevertheless decide not to pay any dividends. We intend to retain all earnings for our operations.
The application of the “penny stock” rules could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase your transaction costs to sell those shares.
As long as the trading price of our common shares is below $5 per share, the open-market trading of our common shares will be subject to the “penny stock” rules. The “penny stock” rules impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors (generally those with assets in excess of $1,000,000 or annual income exceeding $200,000 or $300,000 together with their spouse). For transactions covered by these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchase of securities and have received the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction before the purchase. Additionally, for any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the broker-dealer must deliver, before the transaction, a disclosure schedule prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the penny stock market. The broker-dealer also must disclose the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, monthly statements must be sent disclosing recent price information on the limited market in penny stocks. These additional burdens imposed on broker-dealers may restrict the ability or decrease the willingness of broker-dealers to sell our common shares, and may result in decreased liquidity for our common shares and increased transaction costs for sales and purchases of our common shares as compared to other securities.
Our common shares are thinly traded and, you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you desire to liquidate your shares.
We cannot predict the extent to which an active public market for its common stock will develop or be sustained. We intend to apply for listing on the American Stock Exchange, but cannot assure you that this listing or listing on any other exchange will ever occur.
Our common shares have historically been sporadically or “thinly-traded” on the “OTC Bulletin Board”, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common shares at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation is attributable to a number of factors, including the fact that we are a small company which is relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and would be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned and viable. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. We cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained, or that current trading levels will be sustained.
The market price for our common stock is particularly volatile given our status as a relatively small company with a small and thinly traded “float” and lack of current revenues that could lead to wide fluctuations in our share price. The price at which you purchase our common stock may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in the trading market. You may be unable to sell your common stock at or above your purchase price if at all, which may result in substantial losses to you.
The market for our common shares is characterized by significant price volatility when compared to seasoned issuers, and we expect that our share price will continue to be more volatile than a seasoned issuer for the indefinite future. The volatility in our share price is attributable to a number of factors. First, as noted above, our common shares are sporadically and/or thinly traded. As a consequence of this lack of liquidity, the trading of relatively small quantities of shares by our stockholders may disproportionately influence the price of those shares in either direction. The price for our shares could, for example, decline precipitously in the event that a large number of our common shares are sold on the market without commensurate demand, as compared to a seasoned issuer which could better absorb those sales without adverse impact on its share price. Secondly, we are a speculative or “risky” investment due to our fluctuating level of revenues or profits to date and uncertainty of future market acceptance for our current and potential products. As a consequence of this enhanced risk, more risk-averse investors may, under the fear of losing all or most of their investment in the event of negative news or lack of progress, be more inclined to sell their shares on the market more quickly and at greater discounts than would be the case with the stock of a seasoned issuer. The following factors may add to the volatility in the price of our common shares: actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly or annual operating results; adverse outcomes; the termination of our contractual agreements with Xian Tianxing; and additions or departures of our key personnel, as well as other items discussed under this “Risk Factors” section, as well as elsewhere in this registration statement. Many of these factors are beyond our control and may decrease the market price of our common shares, regardless of our operating performance. We cannot make any predictions or projections as to what the prevailing market price for our common shares will be at any time, including as to whether our common shares will sustain their current market prices, or as to what effect that the sale of shares or the availability of common shares for sale at any time will have on the prevailing market price.
Stockholders should be aware that the market for penny stocks has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (1) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (2) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (3) boiler room practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (4) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differential and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (5) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, along with the resulting inevitable collapse of those prices and with consequent investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities. The occurrence of these patterns or practices could increase the volatility of our share price.
Volatility in our common share price may subject us to securities litigation.
The market for our common stock is characterized by significant price volatility when compared to seasoned issuers, and we expect that our share price will continue to be more volatile than a seasoned issuer for the indefinite future. In the past, plaintiffs have often initiated securities class action litigation against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. We may, in the future, be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and liabilities and could divert management’s attention and resources.
Our corporate actions are substantially controlled by our principal stockholders and affiliated entities.
As of May 7, 2008, our principal stockholders and their affiliated entities own approximately 30.5% of our outstanding common shares, representing approximately 30.5% of our voting power. These stockholders, acting individually or as a group, could exert substantial influence over matters such as electing directors and approving mergers or other business combination transactions. In addition, because of the percentage of ownership and voting concentration in these principal stockholders and their affiliated entities, elections of our board of directors will generally be within the control of these stockholders and their affiliated entities. While all of our stockholders are entitled to vote on matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, the concentration of shares and voting control presently lies with these principal stockholders and their affiliated entities. As such, it would be difficult for stockholders to propose and have approved proposals not supported by management. There can be no assurances that matters voted upon by our officers and directors in their capacity as stockholders will be viewed favorably by all stockholders of the company.
The elimination of monetary liability against our directors, officers and employees under Nevada law and the existence of indemnification rights to our directors, officers and employees may result in substantial expenditures by our company and may discourage lawsuits against our directors, officers and employees.
Our articles of incorporation do not contain any specific provisions that eliminate the liability of our directors for monetary damages to our company and stockholders, however we are prepared to give such indemnification to our directors and officers to the extent provided by Nevada law. We may also have contractual indemnification obligations under our employment agreements with our officers. The foregoing indemnification obligations could result in our company incurring substantial expenditures to cover the cost of settlement or damage awards against directors and officers, which we may be unable to recoup. These provisions and resultant costs may also discourage our company from bringing a lawsuit against directors and officers for breaches of their fiduciary duties, and may similarly discourage the filing of derivative litigation by our stockholders against our directors and officers even though such actions, if successful, might otherwise benefit our company and stockholders.
Legislative actions, higher insurance costs and potential new accounting pronouncements may impact our future financial position and results of operations.
There have been regulatory changes, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and there may potentially be new accounting pronouncements or additional regulatory rulings that will have an impact on our future financial position and results of operations. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other similar rule changes are likely to increase general and administrative costs and expenses. In addition, insurers are likely to increase premiums as a result of high claims rates over the past several years, which we expect will increase our premiums for insurance policies. Further, there could be changes in certain accounting rules. These and other potential changes could materially increase the expenses we report under generally accepted accounting principles, and adversely affect our operating results.
Past company activities prior to the reverse merger may lead to future liability for the company.
Prior to our entry into the contractual arrangements with Xian Tianxing on October 28, 2005, we engaged in businesses unrelated to its current operations. Although the prior business owners provided certain indemnifications against any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense arising out of or based on any breach of or inaccuracy in any of their representations and warranties made regarding such acquisition, any liabilities relating to such prior business against which Skystar is not completely indemnified may have a material adverse effect on Skystar.
The market price for our stock may be volatile.
The market price for our stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:
| · | actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results; |
| · | changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts; |
| · | conditions in bio-pharmaceutical and agricultural markets; |
| · | changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other bio-pharmaceutical companies; |
| · | announcements by us or our competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; |
| · | addition or departure of key personnel; |
| · | fluctuations of exchange rates between RMB and the U.S. dollar; |
| · | intellectual property litigation; and |
| · | general economic or political conditions in China. |
In addition, the securities market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our stock.
We may need additional capital, and the sale of additional shares or other equity securities could result in additional dilution to our stockholders.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, anticipated cash flow from operations and the net proceeds from our recent financing will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for the foreseeable future. We may, however, require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. If our resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity securities could result in additional dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.
We are subject to reporting obligations under the U.S. securities laws. The SEC, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, adopted rules requiring every public company to include a management report on such company’s internal controls over financial reporting in its annual report, which contains management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. In addition, an independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. Our management may conclude that our internal controls over our financial reporting are not effective. Moreover, even if our management concludes that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, our independent registered public accounting firm may still decline to attest to our management’s assessment or may issue a report that is qualified if it is not satisfied with our controls or the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if it interprets the relevant requirements differently from us. Our reporting obligations as a public company will place a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. Effective internal controls, particularly those related to revenue recognition, are necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and are important to help prevent fraud. As a result, our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could result in the loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which in turn could harm our business and negatively impact the trading price of our stock. Furthermore, we anticipate that we will incur considerable costs and use significant management time and other resources in an effort to comply with Section 404 and other requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Reference is made to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 23, 2008.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITYHOLDERS
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed herewith:
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| | |
2.1 | | Share Purchase Agreement by and between The Cyber Group Network, Inc. and Howard L. Allen and Donald G. Jackson (shareholders of Hollywood Entertainment Network, Inc.) dated May 12, 2000 (1) |
| | |
2.2 | | Plan of Merger Agreement between The Cyber Group Network Corp. and CGN Acquisitions Corporation dated December 7, 2000 (2) |
| | |
2.3 | | Share Exchange Agreement between The Cyber Group Network Corporation, R. Scott Cramer, Steve Lowe, David Wassung and Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical, and the Skystar Shareholders dated September 20, 2005 (3) |
| | |
3.1 | | Charter of The Cyber Group Network Corporation as filed with the State of Nevada (4) |
| | |
3.2 | | Certificate of Amendment and Certificate of Change (5) |
| | |
3.3 | | Company Bylaws (6) |
| | |
10.1 | | Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 26, 2007 by and among the Company and the Purchasers (7) |
| | |
10.2 | | Form of Class A Convertible Debenture (7) |
| | |
10.3 | | Form of Class B Convertible Debenture (7) |
| | |
10.4 | | Form of Class A Warrant (7) |
| | |
10.5 | | Form of Class B Warrant (7) |
| | |
10.6 | | Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 26, 2007 by and among the Company and the Purchasers (7) |
| | |
10.7 | | Form of Company Principal Lockup Agreement (7) |
| | |
10.8 | | Form of the Amendment, Exchange and Waiver Agreement between the Company and certain accredited investors dated November 9, 2007 (8) |
| | |
10.9 | | Lease Agreement between Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Weibing Lu dated June 1, 2007 (9) |
| | |
31.1 | | Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (11) |
|
| | Certifications pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (11) |
|
| | Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (11) |
|
32.2 | | Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (11) |
| | |
99.1 | | Consulting Services Agreement between Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings, Co., Ltd., Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. dated October 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
99.2 | | Equity Pledge Agreement between Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings, Co., Ltd. and Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Xian Tianxing”) and Xian Tianxing’s Majority Shareholders dated October 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
99.3 | | Operating Agreement between Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings, Co., Ltd., and Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co. (“Xian Tianxing”), Xian Tianxing’s Majority Shareholders, Ltd. and Weibing Lu dated October 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
99.4 | | Proxy Agreement between Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings, Co., Ltd. and Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co. (“Xian Tianxing”), Xian Tianxing’s Majority Shareholders and Weibing Lu dated October 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
99.5 | | Option Agreement between Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings, Co., Ltd. and Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Xian Tianxing”), Xian Tianxing Majority Shareholders and Weibing Lu dated October 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
99.6 | | Amendment to Consulting Agreement by and among Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical (Cayman) Holdings Co., Ltd. (“Skystar Cayman”), Sida Biotechnology (Xian) Co., Ltd. (“Sida”), Xian Tianxing Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Xian Tianxing”) and Skystar Bio-Pharmaceutical Co. (“Skystar”) dated March 10, 2008 (10) |
| | |
99.7 | | Amendment to Equity Pledge Agreement among Skystar Cayman, Sida, Xian Tianxing, Xian Tianxing’s majority shareholders and Skystar dated March 10, 2008 (10 |
| | |
99.8 | | Agreement to Transfer of Operating Agreement among Skystar Cayman, Sida, Xian Tianxing, Xian Tianxing’s majority shareholders and Skystar dated March 10, 2008 (10) |
| | |
99.9 | | Designation Agreement among Skystar Cayman, Sida, Xian Tianxing, Xian Tianxing’s majority shareholders and Skystar dated March 10, 2008 (10) |
| | |
99.10 | | Agreement to Transfer of Option Agreement among Skystar Cayman, Sida, Xian Tianxing, Xian Tianxing’s majority shareholders and Skystar dated March 10, 2008 (10) |
(1) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 1, 2000. |
(2) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on January 12, 2001. |
(3) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 26, 2005. |
(4) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 14, 2005. |
(5) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed on April 17, 2006. |
(6) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on December 21, 2005. |
(7) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 5, 2007. |
(8) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 11, 2007. |
(9) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 2, 2008. |
(10) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on March 11, 2008. |
(11) | Filed herewith. |
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
May 15, 2008 | SKYSTAR BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY |
| |
| By: | /s/ Weibing Lu |
| | Weibing Lu Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
| | |
| |
| By: | /s/ Bennet P. Tchaikovsky |
| | Bennet P. Tchaikovsky Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
| | |