Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Loan Losses | Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Loans held for investment are summarized by portfolio segment as follows: (in thousands) March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Commercial $ 9,402,250 $ 9,133,444 Energy 1,331,489 1,425,309 Mortgage finance(1) 7,588,803 8,169,849 Real estate 6,196,653 6,008,040 Gross loans held for investment(2) 24,519,195 24,736,642 Deferred income (net of direct origination costs) (72,813 ) (90,380 ) Allowance for credit losses on loans (240,958 ) (195,047 ) Total loans held for investment, net(2) $ 24,205,424 $ 24,451,215 (1) Balances at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are stated net of $895.9 million and $682.7 million of participations sold, respectively. (2) Excludes accrued interest receivable of $61.7 million and $63.4 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , respectively, that is recorded in accrued interest receivable and other assets. The following table summarizes our gross loans held for investment by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades: (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 and prior Revolving lines of credit Revolving lines of credit converted to term loans Total March 31, 2020 Commercial (1-7) Pass 164,393 3,097,118 828,225 488,711 357,598 350,754 3,768,821 37,506 9,093,126 (8) Special mention — 12,122 21,109 1,629 13,372 13,351 57,836 3,636 123,055 (9) Substandard - accruing 688 26,003 8,057 14,473 11,860 10,602 50,790 1,643 124,116 (9+) Non-accrual — 6,586 876 10,368 1,395 24,752 16,906 1,070 61,953 Total commercial 165,081 3,141,829 858,267 515,181 384,225 399,459 3,894,353 43,855 9,402,250 Energy (1-7) Pass — 20,525 15,183 25,163 — 59,578 961,833 714 1,082,996 (8) Special mention — — 10,000 — — — 50,024 — 60,024 (9) Substandard - accruing — 2,556 — 6,105 — 14,386 13,564 — 36,611 (9+) Non-accrual — 40,881 56,700 3,139 11,822 10,689 26,778 1,849 151,858 Total energy — 63,962 81,883 34,407 11,822 84,653 1,052,199 2,563 1,331,489 Mortgage finance (1-7) Pass 282,291 623,955 673,328 492,038 67,179 5,450,012 — — 7,588,803 (8) Special mention — — — — — — — — — (9) Substandard - accruing — — — — — — — — — (9+) Non-accrual — — — — — — — — — Total mortgage finance 282,291 623,955 673,328 492,038 67,179 5,450,012 — — 7,588,803 Real estate CRE (1-7) Pass 133,556 733,076 951,198 811,991 284,324 640,181 87,979 44,327 3,686,632 (8) Special mention — — 16,484 20,918 9,558 12,908 — 1,883 61,751 (9) Substandard - accruing — — — — — 21,305 — 1,250 22,555 (9+) Non-accrual — — — — — 244 — — 244 RBF (1-7) Pass 36,669 218,642 143,204 39,091 15,521 13,968 633,422 — 1,100,517 (8) Special mention — 689 287 — — — — — 976 (9) Substandard - accruing — — — — — — — — — (9+) Non-accrual — — — — — — — — — Other (1-7) Pass 84,156 167,071 138,751 170,548 107,942 184,010 23,390 39,043 914,911 (8) Special mention — — 5,969 312 2,911 8,178 — 6,323 23,693 (9) Substandard - accruing — — 531 701 — 2,348 — — 3,580 (9+) Non-accrual — 594 — — — 3,095 — — 3,689 Secured by 1-4 family (1-7) Pass 15,641 68,913 79,808 72,265 93,948 40,231 5,460 — 376,266 (8) Special mention — — — — — 309 — — 309 (9) Substandard - accruing — — — — — 109 — — 109 (9+) Non-accrual — — — — — 1,421 — — 1,421 Total real estate 270,022 1,188,985 1,336,232 1,115,826 514,204 928,307 750,251 92,826 6,196,653 Total loans held for investment 717,394 5,018,731 2,949,710 2,157,452 977,430 6,862,431 5,696,803 139,244 24,519,195 The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. (in thousands) Commercial Energy Mortgage Finance Real Estate Additional Qualitative Reserve Total Three months ended March 31, 2020 Allowance for credit losses on loans: Beginning balance $ 102,254 $ 60,253 $ 2,265 $ 30,275 $ — $ 195,047 Impact of CECL adoption (15,740 ) 24,154 2,031 (1,860 ) — 8,585 Provision for credit losses on loans 24,902 66,821 35 3,271 — 95,029 Charge-offs 20,653 37,730 — — — 58,383 Recoveries 257 423 — — — 680 Net charge-offs (recoveries) 20,396 37,307 — — — 57,703 Ending balance $ 91,020 $ 113,921 $ 4,331 $ 31,686 $ — $ 240,958 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Allowance for credit losses on loans: Beginning balance $ 96,814 $ 34,882 $ — $ 52,595 $ 7,231 $ 191,522 Provision for credit losses on loans 12,872 12,387 1,300 2,311 (7,231 ) 21,639 Charge-offs 4,865 — — — — 4,865 Recoveries 277 — — — — 277 Net charge-offs (recoveries) 4,588 — — — — 4,588 Ending balance $ 105,098 $ 47,269 $ 1,300 $ 54,906 $ — $ 208,573 During the first quarter of 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13, which replaces the incurred loss methodology for determining our provision for credit losses and allowance for credit losses with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the CECL model. Upon adoption, the allowance for credit losses was increased by $9.1 million , which included a $563,000 increase to the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses, with no impact to the consolidated statement of income. We recorded a $96.0 million provision for credit losses for the first quarter of 2020 utilizing the newly adopted CECL methodology, a significant increase from prior quarters. The increase resulted primarily from increases in criticized loans and charge-offs, as well as the impact of reserve build related to the COVID-19 pandemic. More than half of the provision recorded in the first quarter of 2020 related to two large energy loans, previously identified as problem loans, that experienced further deterioration during the first quarter of 2020 exacerbated by the sharp decline in commodity prices, and approximately $30.0 million of the provision related to COVID-19 reserve build. In total, $1.8 billion of loans in categories that we expect to be more significantly impacted by COVID-19 were proactively downgraded, primarily to lower pass-rated grades. We recorded $57.7 million in net charge-offs during the first quarter of 2020, including $37.3 million in energy charge-offs and $15.6 million in leveraged lending charge-offs, all of which were loans that have been previously identified as problem loans, compared to $12.8 million during the fourth quarter of 2019 and $4.6 million , respectively, during the first quarter of 2019. Criticized loans totaled $675.9 million at March 31, 2020, compared to $584.1 million at December 31, 2019 and $602.8 million at March 31, 2019. A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table summarizes collateral-dependent gross loans held for investment by collateral type as follows: Collateral type (in thousands) Business assets Real property Energy Total March 31, 2020 Commercial $ 24,752 $ — $ — $ 24,752 Energy loans — — 151,858 151,858 Real estate Secured by 1-4 family — 1,202 — 1,202 Total collateral-dependent loans held for investment $ 24,752 $ 1,202 $ 151,858 $ 177,812 The table below provides an age analysis of our loans held for investment: (in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due(1) Total Past Due Non-accrual loans as of March 31, 2020(2) Current Total Non-accrual With No Allowance March 31, 2020 Commercial $ 26,013 $ 9,656 $ 19,373 $ 55,042 $ 61,953 $ 9,285,255 $ 9,402,250 $ 16,903 Energy — — — — 151,858 1,179,631 1,331,489 40,719 Mortgage finance loans — — — — — 7,588,803 7,588,803 — Real estate CRE 9,301 — 1,837 11,138 244 3,759,800 3,771,182 — RBF — — — — — 1,101,493 1,101,493 — Other 16,395 — — 16,395 3,689 925,789 945,873 3,689 Secured by 1-4 family 79 — 64 143 1,421 376,541 378,105 1,202 Total loans held for investment $ 51,788 $ 9,656 $ 21,274 $ 82,718 $ 219,165 $ 24,217,312 $ 24,519,195 $ 62,513 (1) Loans past due 90 days and still accruing includes premium finance loans of $8.6 million . These loans are generally secured by obligations of insurance carriers to refund premiums on canceled insurance policies. The receipt of the refund of premiums from the insurance carriers can take 180 days or longer from the cancellation date. (2) As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , none of our non-accrual loans were earning interest income on a cash basis. Additionally, no interest income was recognized on non-accrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Accrued interest of $393,000 was reversed during the three months ended March 31, 2020. On January 1, 2020, the date we adopted CECL, non-accrual loans totaled $225.4 million , and included $88.6 million in commercial loans, $125.0 million in energy loans, $9.4 million in CRE loans, $881,000 in real estate-other loans and $1.4 million in secured by 1-4 family loans. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , we did not have any loans considered restructured that were not on non-accrual. Of the non-accrual loans at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , $22.3 million and $35.1 million , respectively, met the criteria for restructured. These loans had no unfunded commitments at their respective balance sheet dates. We did not have any loans that were restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The following table details the recorded investment at March 31, 2019 of loans restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2019 by type of modification: Extended Maturity Adjusted Payment Schedule Total (in thousands, except number of contracts) Number of Contracts Balance at Period End Number of Contracts Balance at Period End Number of Contracts Balance at Period End Three months ended March 31, 2019 Energy loans 1 $ 22,540 — $ — 1 $ 22,540 Total 1 $ 22,540 — $ — 1 $ 22,540 Restructured loans generally include terms to temporarily place the loan on interest only, extend the payment terms or reduce the interest rate. We did not forgive any principal on the above restructured loans. At March 31, 2020 , all of the above restructured loans were on non-accrual. The restructuring of the loans did not have a significant impact on our allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2020 or 2019 . As of March 31, 2020 and 2019 , we did not have any loans that were restructured within the last 12 months that subsequently defaulted. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact to our customers, we implemented a short-term modification program that complies with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act to provide temporary payment relief to those borrowers directly impacted by COVID-19 who were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. This program allows for a deferral of payments for 90 days, which we may extend for an additional 90 days, for a maximum of 180 days on a cumulative and successive basis. The deferred payments along with interest accrued during the deferral period are due and payable on the maturity date. As of March 31, 2020, we have granted temporary modifications on approximately 146 loans, resulting in the deferral of approximately $3.7 million in interest payments. Under the applicable guidance, none of these loans were considered restructured as of March 31, 2020. |