UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008 |
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OR |
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o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 000-30135
VALUECLICK, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | | 77-0495335 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
30699 RUSSELL RANCH ROAD, SUITE 250
WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CALIFORNIA 91362
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(818) 575-4500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x | | Accelerated filer o |
| | |
Non-accelerated filer o | | Smaller reporting company o |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
Yes o No x
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of May 1, 2008 was 95,165,855.
VALUECLICK, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q FOR THE
QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2008
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
VALUECLICK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
ASSETS | | | | | |
CURRENT ASSETS: | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 97,860 | | $ | 82,767 | |
Marketable securities | | 66,351 | | 170,691 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | 118,159 | | 126,605 | |
Inventories | | 1,650 | | 1,591 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | 5,787 | | 4,679 | |
Income taxes receivable | | — | | 4,448 | |
Deferred tax assets | | 8,582 | | 8,067 | |
Total current assets | | 298,389 | | 398,848 | |
Marketable securities, less current portion | | 30,844 | | 34,059 | |
Property and equipment, net | | 18,484 | | 19,357 | |
Goodwill | | 440,852 | | 439,532 | |
Intangible assets, net | | 105,923 | | 112,979 | |
Deferred tax assets, less current portion | | 6,790 | | 4,346 | |
Other assets | | 1,962 | | 1,901 | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 903,244 | | $ | 1,011,022 | |
| | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | |
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | $ | 110,023 | | $ | 215,453 | |
Income taxes payable | | 10,334 | | 1,943 | |
Deferred revenue | | 2,035 | | 1,803 | |
Total current liabilities | | 122,392 | | 219,199 | |
Income taxes payable, less current portion | | 76,492 | | 74,863 | |
Deferred tax liabilities, less current portion | | 3,625 | | 3,787 | |
Other non-current liabilities | | 3,254 | | 3,240 | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES | | 205,763 | | 301,089 | |
| | | | | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | | | | | |
Convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 | | — | | — | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 96,043,072 and 98,211,949 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively | | 96 | | 98 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 646,020 | | 653,430 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | 9,073 | | 9,279 | |
Retained earnings | | 42,292 | | 47,126 | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | 697,481 | | 709,933 | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | $ | 903,244 | | $ | 1,011,022 | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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VALUECLICK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 176,034 | | $ | 156,924 | |
Cost of revenue | | 55,113 | | 47,047 | |
Gross profit | | 120,921 | | 109,877 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | |
Sales and marketing (includes stock-based compensation of $1,682 and $1,028 for 2008 and 2007, respectively) | | 51,701 | | 48,452 | |
General and administrative (includes stock-based compensation of $3,456 and $2,084 for 2008 and 2007, respectively) | | 21,654 | | 17,541 | |
Technology (includes stock-based compensation of $651 and $526 for 2008 and 2007, respectively) | | 9,963 | | 8,927 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | 7,760 | | 5,771 | |
Total operating expenses | | 91,078 | | 80,691 | |
| | | | | |
Income from operations | | 29,843 | | 29,186 | |
Interest income and other, net | | 3,051 | | 2,939 | |
Income before income taxes | | 32,894 | | 32,125 | |
Income tax expense | | 13,727 | | 13,491 | |
Net income | | $ | 19,167 | | $ | 18,634 | |
| | | | | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation | | 2,959 | | (495 | ) |
Change in market value of marketable securities, net of tax | | (3,165 | ) | 153 | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 18,961 | | $ | 18,292 | |
| | | | | |
Basic net income per common share | | $ | 0.20 | | $ | 0.19 | |
Diluted net income per common share | | $ | 0.19 | | $ | 0.18 | |
| | | | | |
Weighted-average shares used to calculate net income per common share: | | | | | |
Basic | | 97,722 | | 99,562 | |
Diluted | | 98,557 | | 101,036 | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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VALUECLICK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated Other | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Additional | | | | | Total | |
| | Preferred Stock | | Common Stock | | Paid-In | | Comprehensive | | Retained | | Stockholders’ | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Capital | | Income | | Earnings | | Equity | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | — | | $ | — | | 98,211,949 | | $ | 98 | | $ | 653,430 | | $ | 9,279 | | $ | 47,126 | | $ | 709,933 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash, stock-based compensation | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 5,789 | | — | | — | | 5,789 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued in connection with employee stock programs | | — | | — | | 136,031 | | — | | 2,079 | | — | | — | | 2,079 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 46 | | — | | — | | 46 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Repurchase and retirement of common stock | | — | | — | | (2,304,908 | ) | (2 | ) | (15,324 | ) | | | (24,001 | ) | (39,327 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 19,167 | | 19,167 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in market value of marketable securities, net of tax | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (3,165 | ) | — | | (3,165 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 2,959 | | — | | 2,959 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at March 31, 2008 | | — | | $ | — | | 96,043,072 | | $ | 96 | | $ | 646,020 | | $ | 9,073 | | $ | 42,292 | | $ | 697,481 | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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VALUECLICK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 19,167 | | $ | 18,634 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 10,334 | | 8,205 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts and sales credits | | 1,473 | | 1,076 | |
Non-cash, stock-based compensation | | 5,789 | | 3,486 | |
Deferred income taxes | | (3,100 | ) | (3,330 | ) |
Tax benefit from stock option exercises | | 46 | | 1,777 | |
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises | | (58 | ) | (1,728 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities | | 16,468 | | 20,516 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 50,119 | | 48,636 | |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | |
Purchases of marketable securities | | (26,493 | ) | (84,915 | ) |
Proceeds from the maturities and sales of marketable securities | | 130,713 | | 33,589 | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | (1,583 | ) | (1,771 | ) |
Acquisition of businesses and related payments | | (100,983 | ) | — | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | 1,654 | | (53,097 | ) |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | |
Repurchases and retirement of common stock | | (39,327 | ) | — | |
Proceeds from employee stock programs | | 2,079 | | 3,914 | |
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises | | 58 | | 1,728 | |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | | (37,190 | ) | 5,642 | |
| | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | 510 | | 90 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | 15,093 | | 1,271 | |
| | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 82,767 | | 76,769 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 97,860 | | $ | 78,040 | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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VALUECLICK, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Company Overview
ValueClick, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“ValueClick” or “the Company”) offer a suite of products and services that enable marketers to advertise and sell their products through all major online marketing channels—display advertising, lead generation marketing, email marketing, search marketing, comparison shopping, and affiliate marketing. The Company also offers technology infrastructure tools and services that enable advertisers and advertising agencies to implement and manage their own online display advertising and email campaigns, and that assist online publishers with management of their website inventory. Additionally, the Company provides software that assists advertising agencies and other companies with information management regarding their financial, workflow and offline media planning and buying processes. The broad range of products and services that the Company provides enables its advertiser customers to address all aspects of the marketing process, from strategic planning through execution, including results measurement and campaign refinements. By combining the Company’s media, affiliate marketing, comparison shopping, and technology offerings with its experience in online marketing, the Company helps its advertiser customers around the world optimize their online marketing campaigns.
The Company derives its revenue from four business segments. These business segments are presented on a worldwide basis and include: Media, Affiliate Marketing, Comparison Shopping, and Technology.
MEDIA—ValueClick’s Media segment provides a comprehensive suite of online marketing services and tailored programs that help marketers create and increase awareness for their products and brands, attract visitors and generate leads and sales through the Internet. The Company’s Media segment offers advertisers and advertising agencies a range of online media solutions in the categories of display advertising, lead generation marketing and email marketing. The Company has aggregated thousands of online publishers to provide advertisers and advertising agencies with access to one of the largest display advertising networks. The Company also sells a limited number of consumer products directly to end-user customers through Company-owned e-commerce websites. The Company’s Media services are sold on a variety of pricing models, including cost-per-lead (“CPL”), cost-per-action (“CPA”), cost-per-thousand-impression (“CPM”), and cost-per-click (“CPC”).
AFFILIATE MARKETING—ValueClick’s Affiliate Marketing segment, through the combination of: a large-scale pay-for-performance model built on the Company’s proprietary technology platforms; marketing expertise; and a large, quality advertising network, enables the Company’s advertiser customers to develop their own fully-commissioned online sales force comprised of third-party affiliate publishers. Affiliate Marketing segment revenues are driven primarily by a combination of fixed fees and variable compensation that is generally based on either a percentage of commissions paid to affiliates or on a percentage of transaction revenue generated from the programs managed with the Company’s affiliate marketing platforms.
COMPARISON SHOPPING— ValueClick’s online comparison shopping destination websites enable consumers to research and compare products from among thousands of online and/or offline merchants using the Company’s proprietary technology. The Company gathers product and merchant data and organizes it into a comprehensive catalog on its destination websites, along with relevant consumer and professional reviews. This service is free for consumers, and customers primarily pay the Company on a CPC basis for traffic delivered to the customers’ websites from listings on the Company’s websites. ValueClick’s comparison shopping segment services are offered primarily through the Company’s Pricerunner and MeziMedia subsidiaries. Pricerunner operates comparison shopping destination websites in the United Kingdom, Sweden, the United States, Germany, France, Denmark, and Austria. MeziMedia, acquired in July 2007, operates comparison shopping destination websites in the United States, Japan and Europe, primarily under the Smarter.com, Shopica.com and Couponmountain.com brand names.
TECHNOLOGY— ValueClick’s Technology segment includes its Mediaplex and Mediaplex Systems subsidiaries. Mediaplex is an application services provider (“ASP”) offering technology infrastructure tools and services that enable advertisers and advertising agencies to implement and manage their own online display advertising and email campaigns, and that assist online publishers with management of their website inventory. Mediaplex’s products are based on its proprietary MOJO® technology platform, which has the ability, among other attributes, to automatically configure advertisements in response to real-time information from an advertiser’s enterprise data system and to provide ongoing campaign optimization.
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Revenues are primarily derived from software access and use charges. Mediaplex’s products are priced primarily on a CPM or email-delivered basis.
Mediaplex Systems is an ASP that uses proprietary technology to deliver Web-based enterprise management systems to advertising agencies, marketing communications companies, public relations agencies, and other large corporate advertisers. The solutions that Mediaplex Systems provides span two primary categories—agency management and media management. Mediaplex Systems’ revenue is generated primarily from monthly service fees paid by customers over the contractual service periods.
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates
The condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods shown. The results of operations for such periods are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period. As permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been condensed and do not contain certain information that may be included in ValueClick’s annual consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in ValueClick’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2008. The December 31, 2007 condensed consolidated balance sheet data contained herein was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to: i) sales returns reserves; ii) the allowance for doubtful accounts and sales credits; iii) the assessment of other-than-temporary impairments related to the Company’s marketable securities; iv) the valuation of equity instruments granted by the Company; v) the value assigned to, recoverability and estimated useful lives of, goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations; vi) the Company’s income tax expense, its deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets; and vii) the recognition and disclosure of contingent liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical data and experience, as well as various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.
2. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value as used in numerous accounting pronouncements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements. Refer to note 8 for further information. In February 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position, “FSP FAS 157-2—Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for one year for certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). Excluded from the scope of SFAS 157 are certain leasing transactions accounted for under SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” The exclusion does not apply to fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recorded as a result of a lease transaction but measured pursuant to other pronouncements within the scope of SFAS 157. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the provisions of FSP 157-2 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R requires that upon initially obtaining control, an acquirer will recognize 100% of the fair values of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities, with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not acquired 100% of its target. Additionally, contingent consideration arrangements will be fair valued at the acquisition date and included on that basis in the purchase price consideration and transaction costs will be expensed as incurred. SFAS 141R also modifies the recognition for pre-acquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and development value in purchase accounting. SFAS 141R amends SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. SFAS 141R is effective for business
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combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. The impact of adopting SFAS 141R will be dependent on the future business combinations that the Company may pursue after its effective date.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”
(“SFAS 160”). This Statement amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is required to be adopted simultaneously with SFAS 141R and is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The Company does not currently have any non-controlling interests in its subsidiaries, and accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 160 is not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
In the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $5.8 million and $3.6 million, respectively. The following table summarizes, by statement of operations line item, the impact of stock-based compensation and the related income tax benefits recognized in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | $ | 1,682 | | $ | 1,028 | |
General and administrative | | 3,456 | | 2,084 | |
Technology | | 651 | | 526 | |
Stock-based compensation | | 5,789 | | 3,638 | |
Related income tax benefits | | (1,974 | ) | (1,416 | ) |
Stock-based compensation, net of tax benefits | | $ | 3,815 | | $ | 2,222 | |
4. RECENT BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
MeziMedia. On July 30, 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of MeziMedia, a leading operator of U.S. comparison shopping websites. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company acquired all outstanding equity interests in MeziMedia for initial cash consideration of $96.3 million, net of cash acquired of $18.9 million, plus approximately $700,000 in transaction costs, resulting in a total initial cash consideration of $97.0 million.
The allocation of the initial purchase price (excluding contingent consideration) to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the useful lives, in years, assigned to intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):
Cash acquired | | | | $ | 18,944 | |
Other tangible assets acquired | | | | 9,540 | |
| | Useful life | | | |
Amortizable intangible assets: | | | | | |
Customer relationships | | 3 | | 2,100 | |
Trademarks, trade names and domain names | | 5 | | 10,400 | |
Developed technologies | | 4 | | 26,700 | |
Covenants not to compete | | 4 | | 7,500 | |
Total identifiable intangible assets | | | | 46,700 | |
| | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | 58,025 | |
Total assets acquired | | | | 133,209 | |
| | | | | |
Liabilities assumed | | | | (17,230 | ) |
Total | | | | $ | 115,979 | |
| | | | | | |
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The intangible assets were valued using a combination of valuation methods, including future discounted cash flows expected to be generated from the assets, comparison of market prices for other similar assets, and the cost of replacing the assets. The Company will amortize each intangible asset on a straight-line basis over the asset’s useful life as this method approximates the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets are consumed. All of the goodwill resulting from this acquisition is tax deductible.
In addition to the initial cash consideration, the shareholders of MeziMedia earned $106.1 million in contingent cash consideration for achieving certain revenue and earnings performance targets for the year ended December 31, 2007. The shareholders of MeziMedia may also be entitled to additional contingent cash consideration based on the achievement by MeziMedia of certain revenue and earnings performance targets for the years ending December 31, 2008 and 2009. Total cash consideration, which includes the $97.0 million initial cash consideration and transaction costs and the $106.1 million cash consideration related to fiscal 2007 performance, will range between approximately $203.1 million and $348.8 million, depending on whether the performance targets are met for the years ending December 31, 2008 and 2009. The cash consideration earned related to MeziMedia’s 2007 performance of $106.1 million was accrued at December 31, 2007 and has been accounted for as additional purchase price and added to Goodwill in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008. In February 2008, the Company paid $101 million of this amount, and as of March 31, 2008, $5.1 million remained in accrued expenses. Future contingent cash consideration paid, if any, for fiscal 2008 and 2009 performance will also be accounted for as additional purchase price and added to goodwill at the time the Company is able to determine the amount of such consideration.
MeziMedia provides the Company with additional opportunities to monetize online traffic and expand its overall comparison shopping presence in the United States, China and Japan. This factor contributed to a purchase price in excess of the fair value of MeziMedia’s net tangible and intangible assets acquired, and, as a result, the Company has recorded goodwill in connection with this transaction. The results of MeziMedia’s operations are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning on the date of acquisition.
Pro forma Results of Operations. The historical operating results of MeziMedia have not been included in the Company’s historical consolidated operating results prior to its acquisition date. Pro forma results of operations data for the three-month period ended March 31, 2007, as if the acquisition had occurred at January 1, 2007 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, 2008 | | Three-month Period Ended March 31, 2007 | |
| | (actual as reported) | | (pro forma) | |
Revenue | | $ | 176,034 | | $ | 176,137 | |
Net income | | $ | 19,167 | | $ | 19,989 | |
Basic net income per common share | | $ | 0.20 | | $ | 0.20 | |
Diluted net income per common share | | $ | 0.19 | | $ | 0.20 | |
These pro forma results of operations are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.
5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reporting unit, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 were as follows (in thousands):
| | Balance at December 31, 2007 | | Additions and Adjustments | | Balance at March 31, 2008 | |
Reporting Units: | | | | | | | |
Media | | $ | 232,000 | | $ | 165 | | $ | 232,165 | |
Affiliate Marketing | | 30,733 | | 387 | | 31,120 | |
Comparison Shopping | | 176,799 | | 768 | | 177,567 | |
Technology | | — | | — | | — | |
Total goodwill | | $ | 439,532 | | $ | 1,320 | | $ | 440,852 | |
For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, the increases in goodwill noted above were due to the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations.
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The gross balance, accumulated amortization and net carrying amount of the Company’s intangible assets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 were as follows (in thousands):
| | Gross Balance | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount | |
March 31, 2008: | | | | | | | |
Customer, affiliate and advertiser relationships | | $ | 84,161 | | $ | (37,250 | ) | $ | 46,911 | |
Trademarks, trade names and domain names | | 38,598 | | (9,942 | ) | 28,656 | |
Developed technologies and websites | | 31,966 | | (8,887 | ) | 23,079 | |
Covenants not to compete | | 16,127 | | (8,850 | ) | 7,277 | |
Total intangible assets | | $ | 170,852 | | $ | (64,929 | ) | $ | 105,923 | |
| | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | |
Customer, affiliate and advertiser relationships | | $ | 83,445 | | $ | (33,815 | ) | $ | 49,630 | |
Trademarks, trade names and domain names | | 38,145 | | (8,301 | ) | 29,844 | |
Developed technologies and websites | | 31,921 | | (6,852 | ) | 25,069 | |
Covenants not to compete | | 16,109 | | (7,673 | ) | 8,436 | |
Total intangible assets | | $ | 169,620 | | $ | (56,641 | ) | $ | 112,979 | |
The Company recognized amortization expense of $7.8 million and $5.8 million on intangible assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Estimated intangible asset amortization expense for the remainder of 2008, the succeeding five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
Nine months ending December 31, 2008 | | $ | 21,819 | |
2009 | | $ | 26,730 | |
2010 | | $ | 25,883 | |
2011 | | $ | 17,866 | |
2012 | | $ | 7,994 | |
2013 | | $ | 1,507 | |
Thereafter | | $ | 4,124 | |
6. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts and sales credits of $6.4 million and $6.5 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. One customer accounted for approximately 11.1% and 10.8% of the accounts receivable balance at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
7. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consisted of the following at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (in thousands):
| | March 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Land | | $ | 1,470 | | $ | 1,470 | |
Building | | 1,330 | | 1,330 | |
Computer equipment and purchased software | | 48,051 | | 46,845 | |
Furniture and equipment | | 4,820 | | 4,633 | |
Leasehold improvements | | 3,012 | | 2,827 | |
Vehicles | | 140 | | 137 | |
Property and equipment, gross | | 58,823 | | 57,242 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | | (40,339 | ) | (37,885 | ) |
Total property and equipment, net | | $ | 18,484 | | $ | 19,357 | |
8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The Company has adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 as of January 1, 2008 for
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financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. Although the adoption of SFAS 157 did not materially impact its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flow, the Company is now required to provide additional disclosures as part of its consolidated financial statements.
SFAS 157 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as fair value measured based on observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets; Level 2, defined as fair value measured based on observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets, and inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as fair value measured based on unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
As of March 31, 2008, the Company held certain assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These included the Company’s investment in marketable securities consisting of municipal, U.S. government agency and corporate obligations, and auction rate securities. All of the Company’s investments in marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded in a separate component of stockholders’ equity within the accumulated other comprehensive income balance.
Marketable securities at March 31, 2008 had an aggregate cost of $100.1 million and an estimated fair value of $97.2 million. Marketable securities at December 31, 2007 had an aggregate cost of $204.3 million and an estimated fair value of $204.8 million.
Included in marketable securities at March 31, 2008 are auction rate security instruments (“ARS”) with a par value of $34.3 million. Due to recent events in credit markets, the auction events for some of these ARS failed during the first quarter of 2008. Therefore, the fair values of these ARS were estimated utilizing discounted cash flow analyses as of March 31, 2008. These analyses consider, among other factors, the collateralization underlying the security investments, the creditworthiness of the counterparty, the timing of expected future cash flows, and the expectation of the next time the ARS are expected to have a successful auction (liquidity). These ARS were also compared, when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the ARS held by the Company.
As a result of the continued uncertainty in the credit markets, the Company has reduced the value of its ARS from a par value of $34.3 million to an estimated fair value of $30.8 million. The Company considers this reduction in value a temporary impairment and has recorded it as an unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income. The ARS held by the Company at March 31, 2008 were collateralized by student loan portfolios, which are insured or government supported. Due to the Company’s belief that the market for these student loan collateralized instruments may take in excess of twelve months to fully recover, the Company has classified these ARS as non-current on its unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2008. As of March 31, 2008, the Company continues to earn interest on all of its ARS based on contractually stipulated “fail rates” that are variable based on short-term municipal bond or other market indices, or fixed rates that may result in the Company earning above-market interest rates on these ARS. Any future fluctuation in fair value related to these ARS that the Company deems to be temporary, including any recoveries of previous write-downs, would be recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. If the Company determines in the future that any impairment is other than temporary, it would be required to record a charge to earnings in the period that such determination was made.
The Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis subject to the disclosure requirements of SFAS 157 at March 31, 2008, were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using | |
| | March 31, 2008 | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
Description: | | | | | | | | | |
Auction rate securities | | $ | 30,844 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 30,844 | |
Other available-for-sale securities | | 66,351 | | 66,351 | | — | | — | |
Total assets measured at fair value | | $ | 97,195 | | $ | 66,351 | | $ | — | | $ | 30,844 | |
As discussed above, the Company changed its valuation methodology for ARS to a discounted cash flow analysis during first quarter 2008 as an active quoted market was deemed not to exist due to the auction failures. Accordingly, these
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ARS changed from Level 1 to Level 3 within SFAS 157’s hierarchy since the Company’s initial adoption of SFAS 157 at January 1, 2008.
The following table presents the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as defined in SFAS 157 at March 31, 2008 (in thousands):
| | Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | Auction Rate Securities | |
| | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | — | |
Transfers to Level 3 | | 34,344 | |
Total unrealized losses included in other comprehensive income | | (3,500 | ) |
Purchases and settlements (net) | | — | |
Balance at March 31, 2008 | | $ | 30,844 | |
9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
On May 16, 2007, the Company received a letter from the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) stating that the FTC was conducting an inquiry to determine whether the Company’s lead generation activities violate either the Federal Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”) or the CAN-SPAM Act. Specifically, the FTC investigated certain ValueClick websites that promise consumers a free gift of substantial value, and the manner in which the Company drives traffic to such websites, in particular through email. In the first quarter of 2008, without admitting any wrongdoing, the Company and the FTC agreed to a stipulated injunction to resolve this matter. The stipulated injunction was also approved by the Department of Justice and the presiding court in the first quarter of 2008. The terms of the stipulated injunction included the payment of $2.9 million as well as guidelines under which the Company agreed to operate its promotional lead generation activities. The Company recorded the settlement payment associated with the stipulated injunction under general and administrative expense in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007. The agreement between the Company and the FTC was for settlement purposes only, and did not constitute an admission by the Company that a law had been violated or that the facts as alleged in the FTC’s complaint were true.
On November 20, 2007, the United States District Court for the Central District of California consolidated two purported securities fraud class action lawsuits brought against the Company, its executive chairman and its former chief administrative officer. The court appointed the combined funds of Laborers’ International Union of North America National (Industrial) Pension and the LIUNA Staff & Affiliates Pension Fund (collectively, the “LIUNA Funds”) as lead plaintiffs. In January, the LIUNA Funds filed a consolidated complaint alleging violations of certain federal securities laws based upon the Company’s and the Company’s officers’ alleged misrepresentation of materially false and misleading statements concerning the Company’s compliance with laws and standards applicable to its lead generation business, among other things. The LIUNA Funds purport to represent all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired the common stock of the Company between June 13, 2005 and July 27, 2007, and seek class certification, damages, costs incurred in bringing suit, and equitable/injunctive relief. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously and, in March 2008, filed a motion to dismiss this matter. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2008 related to this matter.
On August 30, 2007, plaintiff David Marashlian, a ValueClick shareholder purportedly suing on behalf of the Company, filed a derivative suit against nominal defendant ValueClick, Inc. and against individual ValueClick directors and executives (collectively with ValueClick, Inc. “the Defendants”) in the Los Angeles County Superior Court. The Complaint alleges that Defendants breached their fiduciary duties and asserts other related common law and statutory claims based on, among other things, alleged improper sales of stock and improper financial reporting. These allegations arose from the plaintiff’s claim that the individual Defendants caused or allowed ValueClick to improperly conceal in its public statements that a material portion of its revenues were generated from practices that violated the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, among other things. Plaintiff seeks to recoup allegedly improper profits from the individual Defendants and also seeks damages against the individual Defendants for harm allegedly caused to ValueClick. In January, the court granted ValueClick’s motion to stay proceedings pending resolution of the parallel derivative action (the Lacerenza case described below) and class action (the LIUNA case described above) pending in federal court. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against these allegations. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements related to these matters.
On October 31, 2007, plaintiff Susan Lacerenza, a ValueClick shareholder who previously had filed a derivative action in Los Angeles County Superior Court, dismissed that action and re-filed her complaint in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. The operative complaint, brought against nominal defendant ValueClick, Inc. and against individual ValueClick directors and executives (collectively with ValueClick, “the Defendants”), alleges violations of certain federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty, insider trading, and unjust enrichment. The allegations arose from the plaintiff’s claim that ValueClick engaged in illegal and deceptive practices with respect to its lead generation business and that the individual Defendants knowingly disseminated false and misleading financial results. Plaintiff seeks to recoup allegedly improper profits from the individual Defendants and also seeks damages against the individual Defendants for harm allegedly caused to ValueClick. In January, the Company filed a motion to dismiss this matter. Rather than oppose that motion, the plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint. In February, upon stipulation of the parties, the Court stayed this action in light of the pending federal class action. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against these and related allegations. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements related to these matters.
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In the ordinary course of business, the Company may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, business partners, and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of the Company’s breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company, or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third-parties. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and certain of its officers and employees that will require the Company, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors, officers or employees. The Company has also agreed to indemnify certain former officers, directors and employees of acquired companies in connection with the acquisition of such companies. The Company maintains director and officer insurance, which may cover certain liabilities arising from its obligation to indemnify its directors and certain of its officers and employees, and former officers, directors and employees of acquired companies, in certain circumstances.
It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of exposure under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Such indemnification agreements may not be subject to maximum loss clauses.
From time to time, the Company may become subject to legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, the Company may receive letters alleging infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights. The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings, except as discussed above, nor is the Company aware of any pending or threatened litigation that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition should such litigation be resolved unfavorably.
10. INCOME TAXES
As of December 31, 2007, the Company had recorded a liability of $68.6 million for unrecognized tax benefits. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits increased by $0.5 million as a result of income tax positions taken during the period, resulting in a total liability for unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2008 of $69.1 million. If recognized in future periods, $68.2 million of these unrecognized tax benefits would be recorded as a reduction to income tax expense and $0.9 million would be recorded as a reduction to goodwill. Facts and circumstances could arise in the twelve-month period following March 31, 2008 that could cause the Company to reduce the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including, but not limited to, settlement of income tax positions or expiration of the statutes of limitations. Because the ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions depends on many factors and assumptions, the Company is not able to estimate the range of potential changes in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits or the timing of such changes.
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties expense, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company recognized $1.2 million and $1.0 million in gross interest and penalties expense related to unrecognized tax benefits in each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company had an interest and penalties expense accrual of $7.5 million and $6.3 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, related to unrecognized tax benefits. These amounts are included in non-current income taxes payable.
The Company’s uncertain tax positions are related to tax years that remain subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. These include the 2004 through 2007 tax years for federal purposes, and the 2002 through 2007 tax years for various state and foreign jurisdictions.
11. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
In September 2001, the Company’s board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program (“the Program”) to allow for the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock at prevailing market prices in the open market or through unsolicited negotiated transactions. Since the inception of the Program and through December 31, 2007, the Company’s board of directors had authorized a total of $279.1 million for repurchases under the Program and the Company had repurchased a total of 34.9 million shares of its common stock for approximately $223.1 million, leaving approximately $56 million available under the Program as of December 31, 2007. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, the Company repurchased 2.3 million shares of its common stock for $39.3 million. In addition, subsequent to March 31, 2008 and through the filing date of this Form 10-Q, the Company repurchased 0.9 million shares of its common stock for approximately $15.4 million. On May 1, 2008, the Company’s board of directors increased the authorization of the Program by an additional $100 million. As such, as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, $101.3 million of the Company’s capital is available to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock under the Program. Repurchases have been funded from
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available working capital and all shares have been retired subsequent to their repurchase. There is no guarantee as to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased by the Company, and the Company may discontinue repurchases at any time that management or the Company’s board of directors determines additional repurchases are not warranted. The amounts authorized by the Company’s board of directors exclude broker commissions.
12. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per common share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data):
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 19,167 | | $ | 18,634 | |
| | | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic | | 97,722 | | 99,562 | |
Dilutive effect of stock options and employee benefit plans | | 835 | | 1,474 | |
Number of shares used to compute net income per common share - diluted | | 98,557 | | 101,036 | |
| | | | | |
Net income per common share: | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.20 | | $ | 0.19 | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.19 | | $ | 0.18 | |
Stock options to purchase 6,179,000 and 2,303,000 shares of common stock during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, were outstanding but excluded from the computation of diluted net income per common share because the exercise price for these stock options was greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock during the respective periods.
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In the first quarter of 2008, Fidelity Management Trust Company (“FMTC”) became the trustee of the Company’s 401(k) plan. The Company did not pay FMTC any fees for this and ancillary services. Additionally, entities affiliated with FMTC benefit from fees incurred by plan participants on balances invested in mutual funds through the plan. FMTC and its affiliated entities are subsidiaries of FMR LLC, which was the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding shares during the three months ended March 31, 2008.
For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, the Company paid advertising costs totaling $672,000 to Acquisis LLC, of which a member of the Company’s board of directors is the managing partner and greater than 5% owner. Acquisis LLC was not a related party for the three-month period ended March 31, 2007. The Company had an outstanding amount due to this unaffiliated entity of $4,000 and $133,000 as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, which is reflected in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
14. SEGMENTS, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS
The Company derives its revenue from four business segments. These business segments are presented on a worldwide basis and include: Media, Affiliate Marketing, Comparison Shopping, and Technology. The following table provides revenue and segment income from operations for each of the Company’s four business segments. Segment income from operations, as shown below, is the performance measure used by management to assess segment performance and excludes the effects of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets and corporate expenses. Corporate expenses consist of those costs not directly attributable to a business segment, and include: salaries and benefits for the Company’s executive, finance, legal, corporate governance, human resources, and facilities organizations; fees for professional service providers including audit, legal, tax, and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance; insurance; and, other corporate expenses.
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| | Revenue | | Segment Income from Operations | |
| | Three-month Periods Ended March 31, | |
(in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Media | | $ | 79,353 | | $ | 108,422 | | $ | 16,001 | | $ | 25,794 | |
Affiliate Marketing | | 35,367 | | 32,798 | | 16,242 | | 16,951 | |
Comparison Shopping | | 53,001 | | 8,617 | | 14,677 | | 543 | |
Technology | | 9,278 | | 7,470 | | 3,777 | | 2,579 | |
Inter-segment revenue | | (965 | ) | (383 | ) | — | | — | |
Total | | $ | 176,034 | | $ | 156,924 | | $ | 50,697 | | $ | 45,867 | |
A reconciliation of total segment income from operations to consolidated income from operations is as follows for each period (in thousands):
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Segment income from operations | | $ | 50,697 | | $ | 45,867 | |
Corporate expenses | | (7,305 | ) | (7,272 | ) |
Stock-based compensation | | (5,789 | ) | (3,638 | ) |
Amortization of intangible assets | | (7,760 | ) | (5,771 | ) |
Consolidated income from operations | | $ | 29,843 | | $ | 29,186 | |
Depreciation and amortization expense included in the determination of segment income from operations as presented above for the Media, Affiliate Marketing, Comparison Shopping, and Technology segments was $947,000, $580,000, $429,000, and $277,000, respectively, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008; and $853,000, $645,000, $280,000, and $463,000, respectively, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2007. Depreciation and amortization expense included in corporate expenses in the determination of consolidated income from operations was $341,000 and $193,000 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Company’s operations are domiciled in the United States with operations internationally in Europe, China and Japan through wholly-owned subsidiaries. Revenue is attributed to a geographic region based upon the country from which the customer relationship is maintained. The Company’s operations in China primarily support the revenue generated in the United States and, therefore, the costs associated with these operations are attributed to the United States in the determination of geographic income from operations shown below.
The Company’s geographic information was as follows (in thousands):
| | Revenue | |
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
United States | | $ | 151,105 | | $ | 138,580 | |
International | | 28,007 | | 22,127 | |
Inter-regional eliminations | | (3,078 | ) | (3,783 | ) |
Total | | $ | 176,034 | | $ | 156,924 | |
| | Income from Operations | |
| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
United States | | $ | 29,929 | | $ | 28,686 | |
International | | (86 | ) | 500 | |
Total | | $ | 29,843 | | $ | 29,186 | |
For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, one customer accounted for approximately 13.9% of total revenue. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2007, no customer comprised more than 10% of total revenue.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
This report contains forward-looking statements based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs, and certain assumptions made by us. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “will” and variations of these words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. Such statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The section entitled “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q and similar discussions in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, and in our other SEC filings, discuss some of the important risk factors that may affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. You should carefully consider those risks, in addition to the other information in this report, and in our other filings with the SEC, before deciding to invest in our company or to maintain or increase your investment. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason. The information contained in this Form 10-Q is not a complete description of our business or the risks associated with an investment in our common stock. We urge you to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC that discuss our business in greater detail and advise interested parties of certain risks, uncertainties and other factors that may affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
OVERVIEW
ValueClick, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively “ValueClick” or “the Company” or in the first person, “we”, “us” and “our”) is one of the world’s largest and most comprehensive online marketing services companies. We sell targeted and measurable online advertising campaigns and programs for advertisers and advertising agency customers, generating qualified customer leads, online sales and increased brand recognition on their behalf with large numbers of online consumers.
Our customers are primarily direct marketers, brand advertisers and the advertising agencies that service these groups. The proposition we offer our customers includes: one of the industry’s broadest online marketing services portfolios, including performance-based campaigns and programs where marketers only pay for advertising when it generates a customer lead or product sale; our ability to target campaigns to reach the online consumers our customers are most interested in; and, the scale at which we can deliver results for online advertising campaigns. Additionally, our networks of online publishers provide advertisers with a cost-effective and complementary source of online consumers relative to online portals and other large website publishers. Through this approach we have become an industry leader in generating qualified customer leads and online sales for advertisers.
We generate the audiences for our advertisers’ campaigns primarily through networks of third-party websites and other online publisher partners. We aggregate our publisher partners’ online advertising inventory into networks, optimize these networks for specific marketing goals, and deliver the campaigns across the appropriate networks’ advertising inventory. We are one of the industry’s largest online network providers, with: industry expertise and proprietary technology platforms for online advertising inventory aggregation; campaign targeting and optimization, delivery, measurement, and reporting; and, payment settlement and delivery services.
Our publisher partners enjoy efficient and effective monetization of their online advertising inventory through representation by our direct sales teams in major U.S. and European media markets, participation in large-scale advertiser and advertising agency campaigns they may not have access to on their own, enhanced monetization through our proprietary campaign optimization technology, and settlement services to facilitate payments to publishers for the online inventory utilized by the advertisers. As we do not primarily own and operate websites that compete directly with our publisher partners for online consumers, we act as a trusted partner in helping publishers monetize their online audience and advertising inventory.
We believe that the effectiveness of our online marketing services is dependent upon the quality of our networks and our publisher partner relationships. As such, we have established stringent quality standards that include publisher rejection from our networks due to inappropriate content, illegal activity and fraudulent clicking activity, among other criteria. We
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enforce these quality standards using a combination of manual and automated auditing processes that continually monitor and review both website content and adherence to advertiser campaign specifications.
We derive our revenue from four business segments. These business segments are presented on a worldwide basis and include Media, Affiliate Marketing, Comparison Shopping, and Technology, which are described in more detail below.
MEDIA
ValueClick’s Media segment provides a comprehensive suite of online marketing services and tailored programs that help marketers create and increase awareness for their products and brands, attract visitors and generate leads and sales through the Internet. We provide powerful offerings to advertiser and advertising agency customers in the following product categories: display advertising, lead generation marketing, and email marketing. Our Media services are sold on a variety of pricing models, including cost-per-lead (“CPL”), cost-per-action (“CPA”), cost-per-thousand-impression (“CPM”), and cost-per-click (“CPC”). We also sell a limited number of consumer products directly to end-user customers through a small number of Company-owned e-commerce websites.
AFFILIATE MARKETING
Through the combination of: a large-scale pay-for-performance model built on our proprietary technology platforms; marketing expertise; and a large, quality advertising network, our Affiliate Marketing business enables advertisers to develop their own fully-commissioned online sales force comprised of third-party affiliate publishers. We believe we are the largest provider of affiliate marketing services. Our Affiliate Marketing services, including search engine marketing (“SEM”) and search syndication services, are offered through Commission Junction and Search123.
Affiliate Marketing segment revenues are principally driven by a combination of fixed fees and variable compensation that is generally based on either a percentage of commissions paid to affiliates or on a percentage of transaction revenue generated from the programs managed with our Affiliate Marketing platforms. SEM revenues are driven primarily by a percentage of the revenue we generate for our advertiser customers and our search syndication revenues are driven primarily on a CPC basis.
COMPARISON SHOPPING
Our online Comparison Shopping services enable consumers to research and compare products from among thousands of online and/or offline merchants using our proprietary technologies. We gather product and merchant data and organize it into comprehensive catalogs on our destination websites, along with relevant consumer and professional reviews and other relevant information. Our services are free for consumers, and our customers primarily pay us on a CPC basis for traffic delivered to the customers’ websites from listings on our websites.
Our Comparison Shopping segment services are offered primarily through our Pricerunner and MeziMedia subsidiaries. Pricerunner operates comparison shopping destination websites in the United Kingdom, Sweden, the United States, Germany, France, Denmark, and Austria. MeziMedia, acquired in July 2007, operates comparison shopping destination websites in the United States, Japan and Europe, primarily under the Smarter.com, Shopica.com and Couponmountain.com brand names.
TECHNOLOGY
Our Technology segment provides advertisers, advertising agencies, website publishers, and other companies with the tools they need to effectively manage both their business operations and marketing programs. Our Technology products and services are offered through our Mediaplex and Mediaplex Systems subsidiaries.
Our Mediaplex subsidiary is an application services provider (“ASP”) offering technology infrastructure tools and services that enable advertisers and advertising agencies to implement and manage their own online display advertising and email marketing campaigns, and assist online publishers with management of their website inventory. Our Mediaplex products are based on our proprietary MOJO® technology platform, which has the ability, among other attributes, to automatically configure advertisements in response to real-time information from an advertiser’s enterprise data system and to provide ongoing campaign optimization. Revenues are primarily derived from software access and use charges. Mediaplex’s products are priced primarily on a CPM or email-delivered basis.
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Our Mediaplex Systems subsidiary is an ASP that uses proprietary technology to deliver Web-based enterprise management systems to advertising agencies, marketing communications companies, public relations agencies, and other large corporate advertisers. The solutions that Mediaplex Systems provides span two primary categories—agency management and media management. Mediaplex Systems’ revenue is generated primarily from monthly service fees paid by customers over the contractual service periods.
SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS
The following table provides revenue, cost of revenue, gross profit, operating expenses, and income from operations information for each of our four business segments. Segment income from operations, as shown below, is the performance measure used by management to assess segment performance and excludes the effects of: stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets and corporate expenses. Corporate expenses consist of those costs not directly attributable to a business segment, and include: salaries and benefits for our executive, finance, legal, corporate governance, human resources, and facilities organizations; fees for professional service providers including audit, legal, tax, and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance; insurance; and, other corporate expenses. A reconciliation of segment income from operations to consolidated income from operations and a reconciliation of segment revenue to consolidated revenue are also provided in the following table.
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| | Three-month Period Ended March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Media | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 79,353 | | $ | 108,422 | |
Cost of revenue | | 36,483 | | 38,532 | |
Gross profit | | 42,870 | | 69,890 | |
Operating expenses | | 26,869 | | 44,096 | |
Segment income from operations | | $ | 16,001 | | $ | 25,794 | |
| | | | | |
Affiliate Marketing | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 35,367 | | $ | 32,798 | |
Cost of revenue | | 7,022 | | 5,958 | |
Gross profit | | 28,345 | | 26,840 | |
Operating expenses | | 12,103 | | 9,889 | |
Segment income from operations | | $ | 16,242 | | $ | 16,951 | |
| | | | | |
Comparison Shopping | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 53,001 | | $ | 8,617 | |
Cost of revenue | | 11,060 | | 1,349 | |
Gross profit | | 41,941 | | 7,268 | |
Operating expenses | | 27,264 | | 6,725 | |
Segment income from operations | | $ | 14,677 | | $ | 543 | |
| | | | | |
Technology | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 9,278 | | $ | 7,470 | |
Cost of revenue | | 1,407 | | 1,452 | |
Gross profit | | 7,871 | | 6,018 | |
Operating expenses | | 4,094 | | 3,439 | |
Segment income from operations | | $ | 3,777 | | $ | 2,579 | |
| | | | | |
Reconciliation of segment income from operations to consolidated income from operations: | | | | | |
Total segment income from operations | | $ | 50,697 | | $ | 45,867 | |
Corporate expenses | | (7,305 | ) | (7,272 | ) |
Stock-based compensation | | (5,789 | ) | (3,638 | ) |
Amortization of intangible assets | | (7,760 | ) | (5,771 | ) |
Consolidated income from operations | | $ | 29,843 | | $ | 29,186 | |
| | | | | |
Reconciliation of segment revenue to consolidated revenue: | | | | | |
Media | | $ | 79,353 | | $ | 108,422 | |
Affiliate Marketing | | 35,367 | | 32,798 | |
Comparison Shopping | | 53,001 | | 8,617 | |
Technology | | 9,278 | | 7,470 | |
Inter-segment revenue | | (965 | ) | (383 | ) |
Consolidated revenue | | $ | 176,034 | | $ | 156,924 | |
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS—THREE-MONTH PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 COMPARED TO MARCH 31, 2007
Revenue. Consolidated revenue for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 was $176.0 million, representing a 12.2% increase over the same period in 2007 of $156.9 million.
Media segment revenue decreased to $79.4 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $108.4 million for the same period in 2007. The decrease of $29.1 million, or 26.8%, in Media segment revenue was attributable to a decrease in lead generation revenue, partially offset by an increase in our U.S. and European display
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advertising businesses. We believe the decrease in our lead generation marketing revenue was primarily due to the FTC inquiry into this business that is described in note 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. We currently do not expect our lead generation revenue to return to the pre-FTC investigation levels in the near term.
Affiliate Marketing segment revenue increased to $35.4 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $32.8 million in the same period in 2007. This increase of $2.6 million, or 7.8%, was primarily due to an increase in our number of customers and an increase in transaction volumes associated with both new and existing customers.
Comparison Shopping segment revenue increased to $53.0 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $8.6 million in the same period in 2007. The increase of $44.4 million, or 515.1%, was primarily attributable to the acquisition of MeziMedia in July 2007 as well as growth in our historical European comparison shopping operations. Please refer to note 4 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for pro forma financial information assuming the acquisition of MeziMedia closed as of January 1, 2007. With the acquisition of MeziMedia, Comparison Shopping segment revenue is concentrated with a limited number of customers. A loss of, or reduction of revenue from, one or more of these customers could have a significant negative impact on the revenue of this segment.
Technology segment revenue was $9.3 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $7.5 million for the same period in 2007, an increase of $1.8 million, or 24.2%. The increase in revenue was primarily related to higher volumes of ad serving, both domestically and in Europe, during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period of the prior year. Technology segment revenue is concentrated with a limited number of customers. A loss of, or reduction of revenue from, one or more of these customers could have a significant negative impact on the revenue of this segment.
There is no guarantee that our revenue will continue to grow at historical rates, that we will complete acquisitions in future periods or that any potential future acquisitions will provide the same revenue impact as historic acquisitions.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit. Cost of revenue for the Media and Comparison Shopping segments consists primarily of amounts that we pay to website publishers and distribution partners that are directly related to a revenue-generating event. We pay these entities on a CPC, CPA, CPL or CPM basis. Cost of revenue for all segments also includes labor costs, depreciation on revenue-producing technologies and Internet access costs. In addition, cost of revenue for the Media segment also includes e-commerce product costs and shipping and handling costs. Our consolidated cost of revenue was $55.1 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $47.0 million for the same period in 2007, an increase of $8.1 million, or 17.1%. Our consolidated gross margin was 68.7% and 70.0% for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Cost of revenue for the Media segment decreased $2.0 million, or 5.3%, to $36.5 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $38.5 million for the same period in 2007. Our Media segment gross margin decreased to 54.0% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to 64.5% for the same period in 2007. The decrease in Media segment gross margin resulted primarily from a lower mix of promotion-based lead generation revenue, which generates a higher gross margin than a number of other components of Media segment revenue due largely to the classification of certain online advertising costs as sales and marketing expense and not as cost of revenue. These online advertising costs are classified as sales and marketing expense as they are not directly related to a revenue-generating event.
Cost of revenue for the Affiliate Marketing segment increased $1.1 million, or 17.9%, to $7.0 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $6.0 million for the same period in 2007. Our Affiliate Marketing gross margin remained relatively consistent at 80.1% for the first quarter of 2008 compared to 81.8% for the same period in 2007.
Cost of revenue for the Comparison Shopping segment increased $9.7 million to $11.1 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $1.3 million for the same period in 2007 primarily due to the acquisition of MeziMedia. Our Comparison Shopping segment gross margin decreased to 79.1% for the first quarter of 2008 from 84.3% for the same period in 2007 due primarily to increased costs associated with third-party revenue-share arrangements and the impact of the acquisition of MeziMedia.
Technology segment cost of revenue was $1.4 million and $1.5 million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our Technology segment gross margin increased to 84.8% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 from 80.6% for the same period in 2007 due to the operating leverage associated with the higher revenue. As the gross margin for the Technology segment is highly dependent upon revenue due to the existing operating leverage, any increases or decreases in segment revenue may have a significant impact on segment gross margin.
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Operating Expenses:
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and employee benefits of sales and marketing, network development and related support teams, certain online and offline advertising costs, travel, trade shows, and marketing materials. Online advertising costs included in sales and marketing expenses are comprised primarily of amounts that we pay to website publishers and distribution partners that are not directly associated with a revenue-generating event. Total sales and marketing expenses for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 were $51.7 million compared to $48.5 million for the same period in 2007, an increase of $3.2 million, or 6.7%. Sales and marketing expenses increased primarily due to the inclusion of online advertising costs of MeziMedia, acquired in July 2007, offset partially by a decrease in online advertising costs in our lead generation marketing business. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased to 29.4% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to 30.9% for the same period in 2007, primarily driven by the lower online advertising costs related to our lead generation activities described above.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of facilities costs, executive and administrative compensation and employee benefits, depreciation, professional services fees, insurance costs, and other general overhead costs. General and administrative expenses increased to $21.7 million, or 12.3% of revenue, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 compared to $17.5 million, or 11.2% of revenue, for the same period in 2007, an increase of $4.1 million, or 23.4%. General and administrative expenses increased primarily due to an increase of $1.4 million in stock-based compensation, higher legal fees, higher bad debt expense, the inclusion of general and administrative expenses of MeziMedia, acquired in July 2007, and increased compensation costs to support the growth in our business.
Technology. Technology expenses include costs associated with the maintenance of our technology platforms, including compensation and employee benefits for our engineering and network operations departments, as well as costs for contracted services and supplies. Technology expenses for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 were $10.0 million, or 5.7% of revenue, compared to $8.9 million, or 5.7% of revenue, for the same period in 2007, an increase of $1.0 million, or 11.6%. The increase in technology expenses was due primarily to the inclusion of MeziMedia’s technology expenses, increases in our worldwide technology staff and the overall growth in our business.
Segment Income from Operations. Media segment income from operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 decreased 38.0%, or $9.8 million, to $16.0 million, from $25.8 million in the same period of the prior year, and represented 20.2% and 23.8% of Media segment revenue in these respective periods. The decrease in both Media segment income from operations and operating margin was due principally to a decline in our lead generation marketing revenue, offset partially by an increase in our display advertising revenue as noted above.
Affiliate Marketing segment income from operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 decreased 4.2% to $16.2 million, from $17.0 million in the same period of the prior year, and represented 45.9% and 51.7% of Affiliate Marketing segment revenue in these respective periods. The decrease in Affiliate Marketing segment income from operations and operating margin was attributable to higher operating expenses in our European affiliate marketing operations due to investments made to support expansion of our affiliate marketing services throughout Europe.
Comparison Shopping segment income from operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 increased to $14.7 million, from $543,000 in the same period of the prior year, and represented 27.7% and 6.3% of Comparison Shopping segment revenue in these respective periods. The increase in income from operations and operating margin was primarily attributable to the acquisition of MeziMedia as described above.
Technology segment income from operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 increased 46.5% to $3.8 million, from $2.6 million in the same period of the prior year, and represented 40.7% and 34.5% of Technology segment revenue in these respective periods. The increase in Technology segment income from operations and the higher operating margin were attributable to the operating leverage associated with the higher revenue as described above.
Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 was $5.8 million compared to $3.6 million for the same period in 2007. The increase of $2.2 million was primarily due to the impact of stock options granted in the first and fourth quarter of 2007 and the commencement of our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) in September 2007. We currently anticipate stock-based compensation in the range of $23 million to $24 million for the year ending December 31, 2008. Such amounts may change as a result of higher or lower than anticipated stock option grants to new and existing employees, differences between actual and estimated forfeitures of stock options, fluctuations in the market value of our common stock, modifications to our existing stock option programs, additions of new stock-based compensation programs, or other factors.
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Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization of intangible assets for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 was $7.8 million compared to $5.8 million for the same period in 2007. The increase was due to the intangible assets purchased in the acquisition of MeziMedia, acquired in July 2007. We currently anticipate amortization expense of approximately $30 million for the year ending December 31, 2008.
Income Tax Expense. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, we recorded income tax expense of $13.7 million compared to $13.5 million for the same period in 2007. The decrease in the effective income tax rate for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 to 41.7% from 42.0% in the same period of the prior year was primarily due to an increase in tax-exempt interest income earned on our marketable securities during the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the three-month period ended March 31, 2007. We currently anticipate an effective income tax rate for the year ending December 31, 2008 of approximately 42.0%.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since our inception and through the first quarter of 2008, we have financed our operations through working capital generated from operations, equity financing and cash acquired in business combinations. At March 31, 2008, our combined cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balances totaled $195.1 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $50.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to $48.6 million in the same period of 2007. The increase from 2007 was due primarily to an increase in net income before non-cash depreciation, amortization, provision for doubtful accounts and stock-based compensation of $5.4 million offset by a decrease of $4.0 million from net working capital changes.
Net cash provided by investing activities for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 of $1.7 million was the result of the use of $101.0 million for the payment of the contingent consideration related to the acquisition of MeziMedia and $1.6 million used for equipment purchases, offset by proceeds from the net sales and maturities of marketable securities of $104.2 million. The net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007 of $53.1 million was primarily the result of net purchases of marketable securities of $51.3 million and $1.8 million of equipment purchases.
Net cash used in financing activities of $37.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was primarily due to $39.3 million used to repurchase our common stock under our stock repurchase program, offset by proceeds of $2.1 million received from our employee stock programs. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007 of $5.6 million was primarily attributable to proceeds of $3.9 million received from our employee stock programs and $1.7 million of excess tax benefits from stock option exercises.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities as of March 31, 2008 consisted of highly rated municipal, U.S. government agency and corporate securities with maturities of less than two years, and highly rated auction rate securities (“ARS”) collateralized by student loan portfolios that are insured or government supported. ARS are designed to provide liquidity via a dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at predetermined calendar intervals (usually every seven to thirty-five days) and historically has allowed existing investors to either rollover their holdings, whereby they would continue to own their respective interest in the ARS, or gain immediate liquidity by selling such ARS at par. As of March 31, 2008, our marketable securities portfolio, with a total estimated fair value of $97.2 million, included ARS with a par value of $34.3 million and an estimated fair value of $30.8 million. Beginning in February 2008, the auctions for our ARS began failing due to insufficient demand for these securities. As a result of these failed auctions, we have been unable to liquidate these securities and the interest rates on these ARS reset to contractually stipulated “fail rates” that are variable based on short-term municipal bond or other market indices, or fixed rates that may result in us earning above-market interest rates on these ARS. In the event we need to sell these ARS, we will not be able to do so until a future auction on these investments is successful, the issuer redeems the outstanding securities, the securities mature, or we sell the securities in the secondary market.
As a result of the remaining uncertainty in the market for ARS, we have classified these investments as “non-current” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2008. Additionally, we have reduced the fair value for these investments from their par value of $34.3 million to an estimated fair value of $30.8 million. We consider this reduction in value a temporary impairment and have recorded it as an unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income.
As discussed in note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, we adopted the provisions of Statement 157 as of January 1, 2008. We have determined that we utilize unobservable (Level 3) inputs in establishing the estimated
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fair value of the ARS of $30.8 million at March 31, 2008. In prior periods, due to successful auctions, quoted market prices were readily available for these ARS, which would qualify as Level 1 inputs under Statement 157. However, due to the recent events discussed above, we have estimated the fair values of these ARS utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis as of March 31, 2008. These analyses consider, among other factors, the collateralization underlying the security, the creditworthiness of the counterparty, the timing of expected future cash flows, and expectations of when the ARS are expected to have successful auctions. These ARS were also compared, when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the ARS held by the Company. Due to these events, we have reclassified all of our ARS as Level 3 during the first quarter of 2008.
Stock Repurchase Program
In September 2001, our board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program (“the Program”) to allow for the repurchase of shares of our common stock at prevailing market prices in the open market or through unsolicited negotiated transactions. Since the inception of the Program and through December 31, 2007, our board of directors had authorized a total of $279.1 million for repurchases under the Program and we have repurchased a total of 34.9 million shares of our common stock for approximately $223.1 million, leaving approximately $56 million available under the Program as of December 31, 2007. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, we repurchased 2.3 million shares of our common stock for $39.3 million. In addition, subsequent to March 31, 2008 and through the date of this Form 10-Q, we repurchased 0.9 million shares of our common stock for approximately $15.4 million. On May 1, 2008, our board of directors increased the authorization of the Program by an additional $100 million. As such, as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, $101.3 million of our capital is available to repurchase shares of our outstanding common stock under the Program. Repurchases have been funded from available working capital and all shares have been retired subsequent to their repurchase. There is no guarantee as to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased by us and we may discontinue repurchases at any time that we or our board of directors determines additional repurchases are not warranted. The amounts authorized by our board of directors exclude broker commissions.
Commitments and Contingencies
There were no significant changes to our commitments and contingencies during the three-month period ended March 31, 2008.
In the ordinary course of business, we may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, business partners, and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of our breach of such agreements, services to be provided by us, or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third-parties. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and certain of our officers and employees that will require us, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors, officers or employees. We have also agreed to indemnify certain former officers, directors and employees of acquired companies in connection with the acquisition of such companies. We maintain director and officer insurance, which may cover certain liabilities arising from our obligation to indemnify our directors and certain of our officers, employees and former officers, directors and employees of acquired companies, in certain circumstances.
It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of exposure under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Such indemnification agreements may not be subject to maximum loss clauses.
We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and liquid marketable securities, combined with our expectation that we will generate cash flows from operations in fiscal 2008, will provide us with sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, it is possible that we may need or elect to raise additional funds to fund our activities beyond the next year or to consummate acquisitions of other businesses, products or technologies. We could raise such funds by selling more stock to the public or to selected investors, or by borrowing money. In addition, even though we may not need additional funds, we may still elect to sell additional equity securities or obtain credit facilities for other reasons. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain additional funds on commercially favorable terms, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing additional equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership percentages of existing stockholders may be reduced. In addition, the equity or debt securities that we issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock.
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Although we believe we have sufficient capital to fund our activities for at least the next twelve months, our future capital requirements may vary materially from those now planned. The amount of capital that we will need in the future will depend on many factors, including:
· the market acceptance of our products and services;
· the levels of promotion and advertising that will be required to launch our new products and services and achieve and maintain a competitive position in the marketplace;
· our business, product, capital expenditures and technology plans, and product and technology roadmaps;
· capital improvements to new and existing facilities;
· technological advances;
· our competitors’ responses to our products and services;
· our pursuit of strategic transactions, including mergers and acquisitions;
· the extent of dislocations in the credit markets in the United States and the related impact on the liquidity of our marketable securities;
· our stock repurchase program; and
· our relationships with our advertiser customers and publisher partners.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including, but not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and sales credits, investments, stock-based compensation, income taxes, goodwill and other intangible assets, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other estimates and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.
There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
As discussed in note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, on January 1, 2008, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value as used in numerous accounting pronouncements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements. In February 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position, “FSP FAS 157-2—Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for one year for certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). Excluded from the scope of SFAS 157 are certain leasing transactions accounted for under SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” The exclusion does not apply to fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recorded as a result of a lease transaction but measured pursuant to other pronouncements within the scope of SFAS 157. We do not expect that the adoption of the provisions of FSP 157-2 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
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In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R requires that upon initially obtaining control, an acquirer will recognize 100% of the fair values of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities, with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not acquired 100% of its target. Additionally, contingent consideration arrangements will be fair valued at the acquisition date and included on that basis in the purchase price consideration and transaction costs will be expensed as incurred. SFAS 141R also modifies the recognition for pre-acquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and development value in purchase accounting. SFAS 141R amends SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” to require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business combination either in income from continuing operations in the period of the combination or directly in contributed capital, depending on the circumstances. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. The impact of adopting SFAS 141R will be dependent on the future business combinations that we may pursue after its effective date.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”
(“SFAS 160”). This Statement amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is required to be adopted simultaneously with SFAS 141R and is effective for us on January 1, 2009. We do not currently have any non-controlling interests in our subsidiaries, and accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 160 is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
INTEREST RATE RISK
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve capital while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and changes in the market values of our investments in marketable securities. Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. Our exposure to market rate risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our marketable securities portfolio. We have not used derivative financial instruments in our marketable securities portfolio. We invest a portion of our excess cash in debt instruments of high-quality issuers and, as a matter of policy, limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. We protect and preserve our invested funds by limiting default, market and reinvestment risk. Investments in both fixed-rate and floating-rate interest-earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed-rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates, while floating-rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates, or we may suffer losses in principal if forced to sell securities which have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates.
Marketable securities as of March 31, 2008 consisted of highly rated municipal, U.S. government agency and corporate securities with maturities of less than two years, and highly rated auction rate securities (“ARS”) collateralized by student loan portfolios that are insured or government supported. ARS are designed to provide liquidity via a dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at predetermined calendar intervals (usually every seven to thirty-five days) and historically has allowed existing investors to either rollover their holdings, whereby they would continue to own their respective interest in the ARS, or gain immediate liquidity by selling the ARS at par. See further discussion of our marketable securities portfolio and ARS holdings in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of Item 2 of this Form 10-Q under the header “Marketable Securities”.
Management’s internal investment policy requires a weighted-average time to maturity of the overall investment portfolio to be no greater than 365 days and allows for ARS to be weighted based on the auction reset date. Due to the current illiquidity in the ARS market, we have temporarily excluded our ARS from the determination of compliance with the maturity limitations of our internal investment policy. As of March 31, 2008, our investments in marketable securities, excluding our ARS, had a weighted-average time to maturity of 274 days. We classify all of our investments as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in a separate component of stockholders’ equity. As of March 31, 2008, the net unrealized loss in our investments in marketable securities totaled $2.9 million, which includes a temporary impairment charge to reflect the current illiquid nature of our ARS of $3.5 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, our investments in marketable securities yielded an annual effective interest rate of 4.45% and an annual taxable equivalent yield of 5.70%. If interest rates were to decrease 100 basis points, the result would be an annual decrease in our interest income related to our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of approximately $2.0 million. In addition, if the issuers of our ARS were unable to continue to make the contractual interest payments, the result would be an annual decrease in our interest income of approximately $1.5 million.
FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK
We transact business in various foreign countries and are thus subject to exposure from adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. This exposure is primarily related to revenue and operating expenses of our foreign subsidiaries, which denominate their transactions primarily in British Pounds, Euros, Swedish Kronor, Japanese Yen, and Chinese Yuan Renminbi. The effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 was not material to the consolidated results of operations. If there were an adverse change of 10% in overall foreign currency exchange rates over an entire year, the result of translations would be an estimated reduction of revenue of approximately $2.8 million, an estimated reduction of income before income taxes of approximately $55,000 and an estimated reduction of net assets, excluding intercompany balances, of approximately $10.3 million. Historically, we have not hedged our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Accordingly, we may experience economic loss and a negative impact on earnings, cash flows or equity as a result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. As of March 31, 2008, we had $53.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and $19.1 million in total current liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, including British Pounds, Euros, Swedish Kronor, Japanese Yen, and Chinese Yuan Renminbi.
Our international business is subject to risks typical of an international business, including, but not limited to, differing economic conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax structures, other regulations and restrictions, and
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foreign currency exchange rate volatility. Accordingly, our future results could be materially and adversely affected by changes in these or other factors.
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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Additionally, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have determined that there have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION AND SIGNATURES
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On November 20, 2007, the United States District Court for the Central District of California consolidated two purported securities fraud class action lawsuits brought against ValueClick, Inc. (“the Company”), its Executive Chairman and its former Chief Administrative Officer. The court appointed the combined funds of Laborers’ International Union of North America National (Industrial) Pension and the LIUNA Staff & Affiliates Pension Fund (collectively, the “LIUNA Funds”) as lead plaintiffs. In January, the LIUNA Funds filed a consolidated complaint alleging violations of certain federal securities laws based upon the Company’s and the Company’s officers’ alleged misrepresentation of materially false and misleading statements concerning the Company’s compliance with laws and standards applicable to its lead generation business, among other things. The LIUNA Funds purport to represent all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired the common stock of the Company between June 13, 2005 and July 27, 2007, and seek class certification, damages, costs incurred in bringing suit, and equitable/injunctive relief. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously and, in March 2008, filed a motion to dismiss this matter. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements related to this matter.
On August 30, 2007, plaintiff David Marashlian, a ValueClick shareholder purportedly suing on behalf of the Company, filed a derivative suit against nominal defendant ValueClick, Inc. and against individual ValueClick directors and executives (collectively with ValueClick, “the Defendants”) in the Los Angeles County Superior Court. The Complaint alleges that Defendants breached their fiduciary duties and asserts other related common law and statutory claims based on, among other things, alleged improper sales of stock and improper financial reporting. These allegations arose from the plaintiff’s claim that the individual Defendants caused or allowed ValueClick to improperly conceal in its public statements that a material portion of its revenues were generated from practices that violated the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 among other things. Plaintiff seeks to recoup allegedly improper profits from the individual Defendants and also seeks damages against the individual Defendants for harm allegedly caused to ValueClick. In January, the court granted ValueClick’s motion to stay proceedings pending resolution of the parallel derivative action (the Lacerenza case described below) and class action (the LIUNA case described above) pending in federal court. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against these allegations. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements related to these matters.
On October 31, 2007, plaintiff Susan Lacerenza, a ValueClick shareholder who previously had filed a derivative action in Los Angeles County Superior Court, dismissed that action and re-filed her complaint in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. The operative complaint, brought against nominal defendant ValueClick, Inc. and against individual ValueClick directors and executives (collectively with ValueClick, “the Defendants”), alleges violations of certain federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty, insider trading, and unjust enrichment. The allegations arose from the plaintiff’s claim that ValueClick engaged in illegal and deceptive practices with respect to its lead generation business and that the individual Defendants knowingly disseminated false and misleading financial results. Plaintiff seeks to recoup allegedly improper profits from the individual Defendants and also seeks damages against the individual Defendants for harm allegedly caused to ValueClick. In January, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. Rather than oppose that motion, the plaintiff filed a First Amended Complaint. In February, upon stipulation of the parties, the Court stayed this action in light of the pending federal class action. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against these and related allegations. As of March 31, 2008, no amounts have been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements related to these matters.
From time to time, the Company may become subject to legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, the Company may receive letters alleging infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights. The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings, except as discussed above, nor is the Company aware of any pending or threatened litigation that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition should such litigation be resolved unfavorably.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the following risks before you decide to buy shares of our common stock. This description includes any material changes to and supersedes the description of the risk factors associated with our business previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties, including those risks set forth in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, may also adversely impact and impair our business. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, results of operations or financial condition would likely suffer. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of the money you paid to buy our stock.
This report contains forward-looking statements based on the current expectations, assumptions, estimates, and projections about us and our industry. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, as more fully described in this section and elsewhere in this report. We do not undertake to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available or other events occur in the future.
INTEGRATING OUR ACQUIRED OPERATIONS MAY DIVERT MANAGEMENT’S ATTENTION AWAY FROM OUR DAY-TO-DAY OPERATIONS AND HARM OUR BUSINESS.
We have grown in part because of business combinations with other companies, and we expect to continue to evaluate and consider future acquisitions. Acquisitions generally involve significant risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of operations, services, technologies, and corporate culture of the acquired companies, diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns, overvaluation of the acquired companies, and the acceptance of the acquired companies’ products and services by our customers. The integration of our acquired operations, products and personnel may place a significant burden on management and our internal resources. The diversion of management attention and any difficulties encountered in the integration process could harm our business. We consummated the acquisitions of Search123.com, Commission Junction, HiSpeed Media, Pricerunner, E-Babylon, Webclients, Fastclick, Shopping.net, and MeziMedia on May 30, 2003, December 7, 2003, December 17, 2003, August 6, 2004, June 13, 2005, June 24, 2005, September 29, 2005, December 1, 2006, and July 30, 2007, respectively. Because of the number of acquisitions we have completed in the past several years, the differences in the customer bases and functionality of acquired products, service offerings and technologies, and other matters, these acquisitions may present materially higher product, sales and marketing, customer support, research and development, facilities, information systems, accounting, personnel, and other integration challenges than those we have faced in connection with our prior acquisitions and may delay or jeopardize the complete integration of these acquired businesses.
OUR PROFITABILITY MAY NOT REMAIN AT CURRENT LEVELS
We face risks that could prevent us from achieving our current profitability levels in future periods. These risks include, but are not limited to, our ability to:
· maintain and increase our inventory of advertising space on publisher websites and with email list owners and newsletter publishers;
· maintain and increase the number of advertisers that use our products and services;
· continue to expand the number of products and services we offer and the capacity of our systems;
· adapt to changes in Web advertisers’ promotional needs and policies, and the technologies used to generate Web advertisements;
· respond to challenges presented by the large and increasing number of competitors in the industry;
· respond to challenges presented by the continuing consolidation within our industry;
· adapt to changes in legislation or regulation regarding Internet usage, advertising and e-commerce;
· adapt to changes in technology related to online advertising filtering software; and
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· adapt to changes in the competitive landscape.
If we are unsuccessful in addressing these or other risks and uncertainties, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
IF ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET LOSES ITS APPEAL, OUR REVENUE COULD DECLINE.
Our Media segment accounted for 45.1% of our revenue for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 in part by delivering advertisements that generate leads, impressions, click-throughs, and other actions to our advertiser customers’ websites. This business model may not continue to be effective in the future for a number of reasons, including the following: click and conversion rates have always been low and may decline as the number of advertisements and ad formats on the Web increases; Web users can install “filter” software programs which allow them to prevent advertisements from appearing on their computer screens or in their email boxes; Internet advertisements are, by their nature, limited in content relative to other media; companies may be reluctant or slow to adopt online advertising that replaces, limits or competes with their existing direct marketing efforts; companies may prefer other forms of Internet advertising we do not offer, including certain forms of search engine placements; companies may reject or discontinue the use of certain forms of online promotions that may conflict with their brand objectives; companies may not utilize online advertising due to concerns of “click-fraud”, particularly related to search engine placements; regulatory actions may negatively impact certain business practices that we currently rely on to generate a portion of our revenue and profitability; and, perceived lead quality. If the number of companies who purchase online advertising from us does not continue to grow, we may experience difficulty in attracting publishers, and our revenue could decline.
OUR REVENUE COULD DECLINE IF WE FAIL TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE OUR EXISTING ADVERTISING SPACE AND OUR GROWTH COULD BE IMPEDED IF WE FAIL TO ACQUIRE NEW ADVERTISING SPACE.
Our success depends in part on our ability to effectively manage our existing advertising space. The Web publishers and email list owners that list their unsold advertising space with us are not bound by long-term contracts that ensure us a consistent supply of advertising space, which we refer to as inventory. In addition, Web publishers or email list owners can change the amount of inventory they make available to us at any time. If a Web publisher or email list owner decides not to make advertising space from its websites, newsletters or email lists available to us, we may not be able to replace this advertising space with advertising space from other Web publishers or email list owners that have comparable traffic patterns and user demographics quickly enough to fulfill our advertisers’ requests. This would result in lost revenue.
We expect that our advertiser customers’ requirements will become more sophisticated as the Web continues to mature as an advertising medium. If we fail to manage our existing advertising space effectively to meet our advertiser customers’ changing requirements, our revenue could decline. Our growth depends on our ability to expand our advertising inventory. To attract new customers, we must maintain a consistent supply of attractive advertising space. We intend to expand our advertising inventory by selectively adding to our networks new Web publishers and email list owners that offer attractive demographics, innovative and quality content and growing Web user traffic and email volume. Our ability to attract new Web publishers and email list owners to our networks and to retain Web publishers and email list owners currently in our networks will depend on various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors include, but are not limited to: our ability to introduce new and innovative products and services, our ability to efficiently manage our existing advertising inventory, our pricing policies, and the cost-efficiency to Web publishers and email list owners of outsourcing their advertising sales. In addition, the number of competing intermediaries that purchase advertising inventory from Web publishers and email list owners continues to increase. We cannot assure you that the size of our advertising inventory will increase or remain constant in the future.
OUR COMPARISON SHOPPING SEGMENT REVENUE IS SUBJECT TO CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION RISKS. THE LOSS OF ONE OR MORE OF THE MAJOR CUSTOMERS IN OUR COMPARISON SHOPPING SEGMENT COULD SIGNIFICANTLY AND NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE REVENUE AND PROFITABILITY LEVELS OF THIS SEGMENT.
Our comparison shopping business generates revenue through a combination of: sponsored search listings placed on our destination websites, merchant relationships, affiliate marketing networks and display advertising on our destination websites. A large portion of the revenue in our comparison shopping segment is generated via sponsored search listings from major search engines. Factors that could cause these relationships to cease or become significantly reduced in scale include, but are not limited to: the non-renewal of our distribution agreement with one or more of the major search engines; the determination by one or more of the major search engines that consumer traffic received from us does not meet their quality
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standards; and changes in the competitive environment, such as industry consolidation. If our relationships with one or more of the major search engines were to cease or become significantly reduced in scale, our revenue and profitability levels could be significantly and negatively impacted.
CHANGES IN HOW WE GENERATE ONLINE CONSUMER TRAFFIC FOR OUR COMPARISON SHOPPING DESTINATION WEBSITES COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO MAINTAIN OR GROW THE REVENUE AND PROFITABILITY LEVELS OF OUR COMPARISON SHOPPING SEGMENT.
We generate online consumer traffic for our comparison shopping destination websites using various methods including: organic traffic, offline marketing campaigns, distribution agreements, search engine marketing (SEM) and search engine optimization (SEO). The current revenue and profitability levels of our Comparison Shopping segment are dependent upon our continued ability to use a combination of these methods to generate online consumer traffic to our websites in a cost-efficient manner. Our SEM and SEO techniques have been developed to work with the existing search algorithms utilized by the major search engines. The major search engines frequently modify their search algorithms. Future changes in these search algorithms could change the mix of the methods we use to generate online consumer traffic for our comparison shopping destination websites and could negatively impact our ability to generate such traffic in a cost-efficient manner, which could result in a significant reduction to the revenue and profitability of our Comparison Shopping segment. There can be no assurances that we will be able to maintain the current mix of online consumer traffic sources for our comparison shopping destination websites or that we will be able to modify our SEM and SEO techniques to address any future search algorithm changes made by the major search engines.
WE MAY FACE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ACTIONS THAT ARE COSTLY OR COULD HINDER OR PREVENT OUR ABILITY TO DELIVER OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.
We may be subject to legal actions alleging intellectual property infringement (including patent infringement), unfair competition or similar claims against us. Companies may apply for or be awarded patents or have other intellectual property rights covering aspects of our technologies or businesses. One of the primary competitors of our Search123.com subsidiary, Overture Services, Inc., purports to be the owner of U.S. Patent No. 6,269,361, which was issued on July 31, 2001 and is entitled “System and method for influencing a position on a search result list generated by a computer network search engine.” Overture has aggressively pursued its alleged patent rights by filing lawsuits against other pay-per-click search engine companies such as MIVA and Google. MIVA and Google have asserted counter-claims against Overture including, but not limited to, invalidity, unenforceability and non-infringement. BTG International, Inc. (“BTG”) purports to own two patents related to affiliate marketing. The patents allegedly cover methods and apparatuses for “Attaching Navigational History Information to Universal Resource Locator Links on a World Wide Web Page” (U.S. Patent No. 5,712,979) and for “Tracking the Navigational Path of a User on the World Wide Web” (U.S. Patent No. 5,717,860). BTG has brought suit to enforce its patent rights against, among others, Barnesandnoble.com and Amazon.com. While the Company is currently not subject to any material intellectual property litigation, any future litigation alleging intellectual property infringement by us could be costly, could require us to change our business practices, could potentially hinder or prevent our ability to deliver our products and services, and could divert management’s attention.
IF THE TECHNOLOGY THAT WE CURRENTLY USE TO TARGET THE DELIVERY OF ONLINE ADVERTISEMENTS AND TO PREVENT FRAUD ON OUR NETWORKS IS RESTRICTED OR BECOMES SUBJECT TO REGULATION, OUR EXPENSES COULD INCREASE AND WE COULD LOSE CUSTOMERS OR ADVERTISING INVENTORY.
Websites typically place small files of non-personalized (or “anonymous”) information, commonly known as cookies, on an Internet user’s hard drive. Cookies generally collect information about users on a non-personalized basis to enable websites to provide users with a more customized experience. Cookie information is passed to the website through an Internet user’s browser software. We currently use cookies to track an Internet user’s movement through our advertiser customer’s websites and to monitor and prevent fraudulent activity on our networks. Most currently available Internet browsers allow Internet users to modify their browser settings to prevent cookies from being stored on their hard drive, and some users currently do so. Internet users can also delete cookies from their hard drives at any time. Some Internet commentators and privacy advocates have suggested limiting or eliminating the use of cookies, and legislation has been introduced in some jurisdictions to regulate the use of cookie technology. The effectiveness of our technology could be limited by any reduction or limitation in the use of cookies. If the use or effectiveness of cookies were limited, we expect that we would need to switch to other technologies to gather demographic and behavioral information. While such technologies currently exist, they are substantially less effective than cookies. We also expect that we would need to develop or acquire other technology to monitor and prevent fraudulent activity on our networks. Replacement of cookies could require significant reengineering time and resources, might not be completed in time to avoid losing customers or advertising
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inventory, and might not be commercially feasible. Our use of cookie technology or any other technologies designed to collect Internet usage information may subject us to litigation or investigations in the future. Any litigation or government action against us could be costly and time consuming, could require us to change our business practices and could divert management’s attention.
IF WE FAIL TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY AGAINST OTHER INTERNET ADVERTISING COMPANIES, WE COULD LOSE CUSTOMERS OR ADVERTISING INVENTORY AND OUR REVENUE AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COULD DECLINE.
The Internet advertising markets are characterized by rapidly changing technologies, evolving industry standards, frequent new product and service introductions, and changing customer demands. The introduction of new products and services embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards and practices could render our existing products and services obsolete and unmarketable or require unanticipated technology or other investments. Our failure to adapt successfully to these changes could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The market for Internet advertising and related products and services is highly competitive. We expect this competition to continue to increase, in part because there are no significant barriers to entry to our industry. Increased competition may result in price reductions for advertising space, reduced margins and loss of market share. Our principal competitors include other companies that provide advertisers with Internet advertising solutions and companies that offer pay-per-click search services. We compete in the performance-based marketing segment with CPL and CPA performance-based companies, such as Advertising.com (owned by AOL), DoubleClick Performics (owned by Google), Direct Response Technologies (owned by Digital River), and Linkshare (owned by Rakuten), and we compete with other Internet advertising networks that focus on the traditional CPM model, including 24/7 Real Media (owned by WPP Group plc). We directly compete with a number of competitors in the CPC market segment, such as Advertising.com. We also compete with pay-per-click search companies such as Yahoo!, Google and MIVA. In addition, we compete in the online comparison shopping market with focused comparison shopping websites such as Shopping.com (owned by eBay), Kelkoo (owned by Yahoo!), NexTag, Shopzilla (owned by EW Scripps), and Pricegrabber (owned by Experian), and with search engines and portals such as Yahoo!, Google and MSN, and with online retailers such as Amazon.com and eBay. Large websites with brand recognition, such as Yahoo!, AOL and MSN, have direct sales personnel and substantial proprietary online advertising inventory that provide significant competitive advantages compared to our networks, and they have a significant impact on pricing for online advertising overall. These companies have longer operating histories, greater name recognition and have greater financial, technical, sales, and marketing resources than we have. Further, Google, Yahoo! and Microsoft have recently closed acquisitions to put them in direct competition with a number of our offerings. For example: 1) Yahoo! acquired Blue Lithium, a network operator, and Right Media, an exchange provider; 2) Microsoft acquired aQuantive and exchange provider, AdECN; and 3) Google acquired online advertising technology provider, DoubleClick.
Competition for advertising placements among current and future suppliers of Internet navigational and informational services, high-traffic websites and Internet service providers (“ISPs”), as well as competition with other media for advertising placements, could result in significant price competition, declining margins and reductions in advertising revenue. In addition, as we continue our efforts to expand the scope of our Web services, we may compete with a greater number of Web publishers and other media companies across an increasing range of different Web services, including in vertical markets where competitors may have advantages in expertise, brand recognition and other areas. If existing or future competitors develop or offer products or services that provide significant performance, price, creative or other advantages over those offered by us, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be negatively affected. We also compete with traditional advertising media, such as direct mail, television, radio, cable, and print, for a share of advertisers’ total advertising budgets. Many current and potential competitors enjoy competitive advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, greater name recognition, larger customer bases, greater access to advertising space on high-traffic websites, and significantly greater financial, technical, sales, and marketing resources. As a result, we may not be able to compete successfully. If we fail to compete successfully, we could lose customers or advertising inventory and our revenue and results of operations could decline.
OUR REVENUE AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COULD BE NEGATIVELY IMPACTED IF INTERNET USAGE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE DO NOT CONTINUE TO GROW.
Our business and financial results will depend on continued growth in the use of the Internet. Internet usage may be inhibited for a number of reasons, such as: inadequate network infrastructure; security concerns; inconsistent quality of service; governmental regulation; and, unavailability of cost-effective, high-speed service.
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If Internet usage continues to grow, our infrastructure may not be able to support the demands placed on it, and our performance and reliability may decline. In addition, websites have experienced interruptions in their service as a result of outages and other delays occurring throughout the Internet network infrastructure, and as a result of sabotage, such as electronic attacks designed to interrupt service on many websites. The Internet could lose its viability as a commercial medium due to reasons including increased governmental regulation or delays in the development or adoption of new technologies required to accommodate increased levels of Internet activity. If use of the Internet does not continue to grow, or if the Internet infrastructure does not effectively support our growth, our revenue and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
OUR REVENUE AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS MAY BE MATERIALLY, ADVERSELY AFFECTED IF THE MARKET FOR E-COMMERCE DOES NOT CONTINUE TO GROW, GROWS SLOWER THAN EXPECTED OR DECLINES.
Because many of our customers’ advertisements encourage online purchasing, our long-term success may depend in part on the continued growth and market acceptance of e-commerce. Our business may be adversely affected if the market for e-commerce does not continue to grow, grows slower than expected or declines. A number of factors outside of our control could hinder the future growth of e-commerce, including, but not limited to, the following:
· the network infrastructure necessary for substantial growth in Internet usage may not develop adequately and our performance and reliability may decline;
· insufficient availability of telecommunication services or changes in telecommunication services could result in inconsistent quality of service or slower response times on the Internet;
· negative publicity and consumer concern surrounding the security of e-commerce; and
· financial instability of e-commerce customers and vendors.
In particular, any well-publicized compromise of security involving Web-based transactions could deter people from purchasing items on the Internet, clicking on advertisements, or using the Internet generally, any of which could cause us to lose customers and advertising inventory and which could materially, adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.
WE DEPEND ON KEY PERSONNEL, THE LOSS OF WHOM COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS.
The success of the Company depends in part on the retention of personnel critical to our combined business operations due to, for example, unique technical skills, management expertise or key business relationships. We may be unable to retain existing management, finance, engineering, sales, customer support, and operations personnel that are critical to the success of the Company, which may result in disruption of operations, loss of key business relationships, information, expertise or know-how, unanticipated additional recruitment and training costs, and diminished anticipated benefits of acquisitions, including loss of revenue and profitability.
Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our key senior management. Our employment agreements with our key personnel are short-term and on an at-will basis. We do not have key-person insurance on any of our employees. The loss of the services of any member of our senior management team, or of any other key employees, could divert management’s time and attention, increase our expenses and adversely affect our ability to conduct our business efficiently. Our future success also depends on our continuing ability to attract, retain and motivate highly skilled employees. We may be unable to retain our key employees or attract, retain and motivate other highly qualified employees in the future. We have experienced difficulty from time to time in attracting or retaining the personnel necessary to support the growth of our business, and may experience similar difficulties in the future.
DELAWARE LAW AND OUR STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN CONTAIN ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS THAT COULD DETER TAKEOVER ATTEMPTS THAT COULD BE BENEFICIAL TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS.
Provisions of Delaware law could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our stockholders. Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may make the acquisition of the Company and the removal of incumbent officers and directors more difficult by prohibiting stockholders holding 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock from acquiring the Company, without our board of directors’ consent, for at least three
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years from the date they first hold 15% or more of the voting stock. In addition, our Stockholder Rights Plan has significant anti-takeover effects by causing substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by our board of directors.
SYSTEM FAILURES COULD SIGNIFICANTLY DISRUPT OUR OPERATIONS, WHICH COULD CAUSE US TO LOSE CUSTOMERS OR ADVERTISING INVENTORY.
Our success depends on the continuing and uninterrupted performance of our systems. Sustained or repeated system failures that interrupt our ability to provide services to customers, including failures affecting our ability to deliver advertisements quickly and accurately and to process visitors’ responses to advertisements, would reduce significantly the attractiveness of our solutions to advertisers and Web publishers. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could also be materially and adversely affected by any systems damage or failure that impacts data integrity or interrupts or delays our operations. Our computer systems are vulnerable to damage from a variety of sources, including telecommunications failures, power outages, malicious or accidental human acts, and natural disasters. We lease data center space in El Segundo, San Jose and Sunnyvale, California; Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania; Ashburn, Virginia; Stockholm, Sweden; and several small-scale data centers or office locations throughout the United States and Europe. Therefore, any of the above factors affecting any of these areas could substantially harm our business. Moreover, despite network security measures, our servers are potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic break-ins, computer viruses and similar disruptive problems in part because we cannot control the maintenance and operation of our third-party data centers. Despite the precautions taken, unanticipated problems affecting our systems could cause interruptions in the delivery of our solutions in the future and our ability to provide a record of past transactions. Our data centers and systems incorporate varying degrees of redundancy. All data centers and systems may not automatically switch over to their redundant counterpart. Our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that may occur due to any failures in our systems.
IT MAY BE DIFFICULT TO PREDICT OUR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BECAUSE OUR QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE.
Our revenue and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. You should not rely on period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations as an indication of our future performance. Our results of operations have fallen below the expectations of market analysts and our own forecasts in the past and may also do so in some future periods. If this happens, the market price of our common stock may fall significantly. The factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include, but are not limited to, the following:
· fluctuations in demand for our advertising solutions or changes in customer contracts;
· fluctuations in click, lead, action, impression, and conversion rates;
· fluctuations in the amount of available advertising space, or views, on our networks;
· the timing and amount of sales and marketing expenses incurred to attract new advertisers;
· fluctuations in sales of different types of advertising; for example, the amount of advertising sold at higher rates rather than lower rates;
· fluctuations in the cost of online advertising;
· seasonal patterns in Internet advertisers’ spending;
· fluctuations in our stock price which may impact the amount of stock-based compensation we are required to record;
· changes in our pricing and publisher compensation policies, the pricing and publisher compensation policies of our competitors, the pricing and publisher compensation policies of our advertiser customers, or the pricing policies for advertising on the Internet generally;
· changes in the regulatory environment, including regulation of advertising or the Internet, that may negatively impact our marketing practices;
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· possible impairments of the recorded amounts of goodwill, intangible assets, or other long-lived assets;
· the timing and amount of expenses associated with litigation, regulatory investigations or restructuring activities, including settlement costs and regulatory penalties assessed related to government enforcement actions;
· the adoption of new accounting pronouncements, or new interpretations of existing accounting pronouncements, that impact the manner in which we account for, measure or disclose our results of operations, financial position or other financial measures;
· the loss of, or a significant reduction in business from, large customers resulting from, among other factors, the exercise of a cancellation clause within a contract, the non-renewal of a contract or an advertising insertion order, or shifting business to a competitor when the lack of an exclusivity clause exists;
· fluctuations in levels of professional services fees or the incurrence of non-recurring costs;
· deterioration in the credit quality of our accounts receivable and an increase in the related provision;
· impairments on our marketable securities due to, among other factors, issuer-specific difficulties or dislocations in the credit markets in the United States;
· changes in tax laws or our interpretation of tax laws, changes in our effective income tax rate or the settlement of certain tax positions with tax authorities as a result of a tax audit; and
· costs related to acquisitions of technologies or businesses.
Expenditures by advertisers also tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns. Any decline in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy generally may alter advertisers’ current or prospective spending priorities, or may increase the time it takes us to close sales with advertisers, and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
IF WE DO NOT SUCCESSFULLY EXECUTE OUR INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY, OUR REVENUE, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND THE GROWTH OF OUR BUSINESS COULD BE HARMED.
We initiated operations, through wholly-owned subsidiaries or divisions, in the United Kingdom in 1999, France and Germany in 2000, Sweden in 2004 and Japan and China in 2007. Our international expansion and the integration of international operations present unique challenges and risks to our company, and require management attention. Our foreign operations subject us to foreign currency exchange rate risks and we currently do not utilize hedging instruments to mitigate foreign currency exchange rate risks.
Our continued international expansion will subject us to additional foreign currency exchange rate risks and will require additional management attention and resources. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in our international expansion and operations efforts. Our international operations and expansion subject us to other inherent risks, including, but not limited to:
· the impact of recessions in economies outside of the United States;
· changes in and differences between regulatory requirements between countries;
· U.S. and foreign export restrictions, including export controls relating to encryption technologies;
· reduced protection for and enforcement of intellectual property rights in some countries;
· potentially adverse tax consequences;
· difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign operations;
· political and economic instability;
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· tariffs and other trade barriers; and
· seasonal reductions in business activity.
Our failure to address these risks adequately could materially and adversely affect our business, revenue, results of operations and financial condition.
WE MAY BE LIABLE FOR CONTENT DISPLAYED ON OUR NETWORKS OF PUBLISHERS WHICH COULD INCREASE OUR EXPENSES.
We may be liable to third-parties for content in the advertising we deliver on our networks if the artwork, text or other content involved violates copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights of third-parties or if the content is defamatory. Any claims or counterclaims could be time-consuming, could result in costly litigation and could divert management’s attention.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FROM UNAUTHORIZED USE, WHICH COULD DIMINISH THE VALUE OF OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES, WEAKEN OUR COMPETITIVE POSITION AND REDUCE OUR REVENUE.
Our success depends in large part on our proprietary technologies, including tracking management software, our affiliate marketing technologies, our display advertising technologies, our lead generation technologies, our comparison shopping technologies, our MOJO platform, and our Mediaplex Systems technologies. In addition, we believe that our trademarks are key to identifying and differentiating our products and services from those of our competitors. We may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and police our intellectual property rights. If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, the value of our products and services could be diminished and our competitive position may suffer.
We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. Third-party software providers could copy or otherwise obtain and use our technologies without authorization or develop similar technologies independently, which may infringe upon our proprietary rights. We may not be able to detect infringement and may lose competitive position in the market before we do so. In addition, competitors may design around our technologies or develop competing technologies. Intellectual property protection may also be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries.
We generally enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants, vendors, customers, and corporate partners, and generally control access to and distribution of our technologies, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these efforts, unauthorized parties may attempt to disclose, obtain or use our products and services or technologies. Our precautions may not prevent misappropriation of our products, services or technologies, particularly in foreign countries where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.
IF WE FAIL TO KEEP PACE WITH RAPIDLY CHANGING TECHNOLOGIES, OUR EXPENSES COULD INCREASE, AND WE COULD LOSE CUSTOMERS AND ADVERTISING INVENTORY.
The Internet advertising market is characterized by rapidly changing technologies, evolving industry standards, frequent new product and service introductions, and changing customer demands. The introduction of new products and services embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards and practices can render existing products and services obsolete and unmarketable or require unanticipated technology investments. Our success will depend on our ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies, to enhance existing solutions and to develop and introduce a variety of new solutions to address our customers’ and Web publisher partners’ changing demands. For example, advertisers are increasingly requiring Internet advertising networks to have the ability to deliver advertisements utilizing new formats that surpass stationary images and incorporate rich media, such as video and audio, interactivity, and more precise consumer targeting techniques. Our systems do not support some types of advertising formats and some of the website publishers in our networks do not accept all types of advertising formats we support. In addition, an increase in the bandwidth of Internet access resulting in faster data delivery may provide new products and services that will take advantage of this expansion in delivery capability. If we fail to adapt successfully to such developments, we could lose customers or advertising inventory. We purchase most of the software used in our business. We intend to continue to acquire technologies from third-parties necessary for us to conduct our business. We cannot assure you that, in the future, these technologies will be available on
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commercially reasonable terms, or at all. We may also experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful design, development, introduction or marketing of new solutions. Any new solution or enhancement that we develop will need to meet the requirements of our current and prospective customers and may not achieve significant market acceptance. If we fail to keep pace with technological developments and the introduction of new industry and technology standards on a cost-effective basis, our expenses could increase, and we could lose customers and advertising inventory.
GOVERNMENT ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS, CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT REGULATION AND INDUSTRY STANDARDS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROMOTION-BASED LEAD GENERATION MARKETING, SPYWARE, PRIVACY AND EMAIL MATTERS, COULD DECREASE DEMAND FOR OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES AND INCREASE OUR COSTS OF DOING BUSINESS.
Laws and regulations that apply to Internet communications, commerce and advertising are becoming more prevalent. These regulations could affect the costs of communicating on the Web and could adversely affect the demand for our advertising solutions or otherwise harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. The United States Congress has enacted Internet legislation regarding children’s privacy, copyrights, sending of commercial email (e.g., the Federal CAN-SPAM Act of 2003), and taxation. The United States Congress has pending legislation regarding spyware (e.g., H.R. 964, the “the Spy Act of 2007”) and the New York Attorney General’s office has sued a major Internet marketer for alleged violations of legal restrictions against false advertising and deceptive business practices related to spyware. The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) conducted an investigation into certain ValueClick websites which promise consumers a free gift of substantial value, and the manner in which the Company drives traffic to such websites, in particular through email. In the first quarter of 2008, the Company agreed to a stipulated injunction with the FTC resolving this matter. The injunction makes clear that it constitutes no finding of any impermissible conduct by the company in the past under preexisting FTC regulations then in effect. But the injunction also imposes new FTC guidelines for promotional lead generation activities, consistent with the approach that the agency has recently begun to apply to the company’s competitors. Compliance with these new FTC guidelines may adversely affect our ability to operate in the lead generation sector. Other laws and regulations have been adopted and may be adopted in the future, and may address issues such as user privacy, spyware, “do not email” lists, pricing, intellectual property ownership and infringement, copyright, trademark, trade secret, export of encryption technology, click-fraud, acceptable content, search terms, lead generation, behavioral targeting, taxation, and quality of products and services. This legislation could hinder growth in the use of the Web generally and adversely affect our business. Moreover, it could decrease the acceptance of the Web as a communications, commercial and advertising medium. The Company does not use any form of spam or spyware and has policies to prohibit abusive Internet behavior, including prohibiting the use of spam and spyware by our Web publisher partners.
Due to the global nature of the Web, it is possible that, although our transmissions originate in California, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Virginia, England, and Sweden, the governments of other states or foreign countries might attempt to regulate our transmissions or levy sales or other taxes relating to our activities. In addition, the growth and development of the market for Internet commerce may prompt calls for more stringent consumer protection laws, both in the United States and abroad, that may impose additional burdens on companies conducting business over the Internet. The laws governing the Internet remain largely unsettled, even in areas where there has been some legislative action. It may take years to determine how existing laws, including those governing intellectual property, privacy, libel and taxation, apply to the Internet and Internet advertising. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected by the adoption or modification of industry standards, laws or regulations relating to the Internet, or the application of existing laws to the Internet or Internet-based advertising.
WE COULD BE SUBJECT TO LEGAL CLAIMS, GOVERNMENT ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS AND DAMAGE TO OUR REPUTATION AND HELD LIABLE FOR OUR OR OUR CUSTOMERS’ FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH FEDERAL, STATE AND FOREIGN LAWS, REGULATIONS OR POLICIES GOVERNING CONSUMER PRIVACY, WHICH COULD MATERIALLY HARM OUR BUSINESS.
Recent growing public concern regarding privacy and the collection, distribution and use of information about Internet users has led to increased federal, state and foreign scrutiny and legislative and regulatory activity concerning data collection and use practices. The United States Congress currently has pending legislation regarding privacy and data security measures (e.g., S. 495, the “Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007”). Any failure by us to comply with applicable federal, state and foreign laws and the requirements of regulatory authorities may result in, among other things, indemnification liability to our customers and the advertising agencies we work with, administrative enforcement actions and fines, class action lawsuits, cease and desist orders, and civil and criminal liability. Recently, class action lawsuits have been filed alleging violations of privacy laws by ISPs. The European Union’s directive addressing data privacy limits our ability to collect and use information regarding Internet users. These restrictions may limit our ability to target advertising in most
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European countries. Our failure to comply with these or other federal, state or foreign laws could result in liability and materially harm our business.
In addition to government activity, privacy advocacy groups and the technology and direct marketing industries are considering various new, additional or different self-regulatory standards. This focus, and any legislation, regulations or standards promulgated, may impact us adversely. Governments, trade associations and industry self-regulatory groups may enact more burdensome laws, regulations and guidelines, including consumer privacy laws, affecting our customers and us. Since many of the proposed laws or regulations are just being developed, and a consensus on privacy and data usage has not been reached, we cannot yet determine the impact these proposed laws or regulations may have on our business. However, if the gathering of profiling information were to be curtailed, Internet advertising would be less effective, which would reduce demand for Internet advertising and harm our business.
Third-parties may bring class action lawsuits against us relating to online privacy and data collection. We disclose our information collection and dissemination policies, and we may be subject to claims if we act or are perceived to act inconsistently with these published policies. Any claims or inquiries could be costly and divert management’s attention, and the outcome of such claims could harm our reputation and our business.
Our customers are also subject to various federal and state laws concerning the collection and use of information regarding individuals. These laws include the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, the Federal Drivers Privacy Protection Act of 1994, the privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Federal CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, as well as other laws that govern the collection and use of consumer credit information. We cannot assure you that our customers are currently in compliance, or will remain in compliance, with these laws and their own privacy policies. We may be held liable if our customers use our technologies in a manner that is not in compliance with these laws or their own stated privacy policies.
OUR STOCK PRICE IS LIKELY TO BE VOLATILE AND COULD DROP UNEXPECTEDLY.
Our common stock has been publicly traded since March 30, 2000. The market price of our common stock has been subject to significant fluctuations since the date of our initial public offering.
The stock market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market prices of securities, particularly securities of technology companies. As a result, the market price of our common stock may materially decline, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a particular company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. We are currently involved in this type of litigation, which arose shortly after our stock price dropped significantly during the third quarter of 2007. Litigation of this type is often expensive and diverts management’s attention and resources.
WE MAY BE REQUIRED TO RECORD A SIGNIFICANT CHARGE TO EARNINGS IF OUR GOODWILL OR AMORTIZABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS BECOME IMPAIRED.
As of March 31, 2008, we have total intangible assets, including goodwill, of $546.8 million. We are required under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America to review our amortizable intangible assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. We are also required to review goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or between annual tests whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. Events and circumstances considered in determining whether the carrying value of amortizable intangible assets and goodwill may not be recoverable include, but are not limited to: significant changes in performance relative to expected operating results; significant changes in the use of the assets; significant negative industry or economic trends; a significant decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained period of time; and changes in the Company’s business strategy. We may be required to record a significant charge to earnings in a period in which any impairment of our goodwill or amortizable intangible assets is determined.
WE MAY INCUR LIABILITIES TO TAX AUTHORITIES IN EXCESS OF AMOUNTS THAT HAVE BEEN ACCRUED WHICH MAY ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
As more fully described in note 10 to our consolidated financial statements, we have recorded significant income tax liabilities. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires estimates of the amount of income tax that will become payable in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We may be challenged by the taxing authorities in these jurisdictions and, in the event that we are not able to successfully defend our position, we may incur significant additional
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income tax liabilities and related interest and penalties which may have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
IF WE FAIL TO MAINTAIN AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL CONTROLS, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ACCURATELY REPORT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS OR PREVENT FRAUD AND OUR BUSINESS MAY BE HARMED AND OUR STOCK PRICE MAY BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and to effectively prevent fraud. Any inability to provide reliable financial reports or to prevent fraud could harm our business. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires management to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We determined that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007. In order to continue to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we are required to continuously evaluate and, where appropriate, enhance our policies, procedures and internal controls. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we could be subject to litigation or regulatory scrutiny and investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports. We cannot assure you that in the future we will be able to fully comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or that management will conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. If we fail to fully comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our business may be harmed and our stock price may decline.
DECREASED EFFECTIVENESS OF EQUITY COMPENSATION COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN EMPLOYEES AND HARM OUR BUSINESS, AND RECENTLY ADOPTED CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING FOR EQUITY COMPENSATION WILL ADVERSELY AFFECT EARNINGS.
We have historically used stock options as a key component of our employee compensation program in order to align employees’ interests with the interests of our stockholders, encourage employee retention, and provide competitive compensation packages. Volatility or lack of positive performance in our stock price may adversely affect our ability to retain key employees, many of whom have been granted stock options, or to attract additional highly-qualified personnel. As of March 31, 2008, a majority of our outstanding employee stock options have exercise prices in excess of the stock price on that date. To the extent this continues to occur, our ability to retain employees may be adversely affected. In addition, beginning January 1, 2006 the Company was required to record stock-based compensation related to stock options which has negatively impacted net income for periods after this date. Moreover, applicable NASDAQ listing standards relating to obtaining stockholder approval of equity compensation plans could make it more difficult or expensive for us to grant stock options or other stock-based awards to employees in the future. As a result, we may incur increased compensation costs, change our equity compensation strategy or find it difficult to attract, retain and motivate employees, any of which could materially, adversely affect our business.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) Purchases of Equity Securities – The table below summarizes the Company’s repurchases of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Period | | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) | | Average Price Paid per Share (2) | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |
| | | | | | | | | |
January 1, 2008 through January 31, 2008 | | 288,436 | | $ | 18.74 | | 288,436 | | $ | 50.6 million | |
| | | | | | | | | |
February 1, 2008 through February 29, 2008 | | — | | — | | — | | $ | 50.6 million | |
| | | | | | | | | |
March 1, 2008 through March 31, 2008 | | 2,016,472 | | 16.82 | | 2,016,472 | | $ | 16.7 million | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | 2,304,908 | | $ | 17.06 | | 2,304,908 | | $ | 16.7 million | |
(1) In September 2001, the Company’s board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program (“the Program”) to allow for the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock at prevailing market prices in the open market or through unsolicited negotiated transactions. Since the inception of the Program and through December 31, 2007, the Company’s board of directors had authorized a total of $279.1 million for repurchases under the Program, and the Company had repurchased a total of 34.9 million shares of its common stock for approximately $223.1 million, leaving approximately $56 million available under the Program as of December 31, 2007. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, the Company repurchased 2.3 million shares of its common stock for $39.3 million. In addition, subsequent to March 31, 2008 and through the filing date of this Form 10-Q, the Company repurchased 0.9 million shares of its common stock for approximately $15.4 million. On May 1, 2008, the Company’s board of directors increased the authorization of the Program by an additional $100 million. As such, as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, $101.3 million of the Company’s capital is available to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock under the Program. Repurchases have been funded from available working capital and all shares have been retired subsequent to their repurchase. There is no guarantee as to the exact number of shares that will be repurchased by the Company, and the Company may discontinue repurchases at any time that management or the Company’s board of directors determines additional repurchases are not warranted. The amounts authorized by the Company’s board of directors exclude broker commissions.
(2) Includes commissions paid.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) Exhibits:
Exhibit Number | | Exhibit Description |
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated May 9, 2008 |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated May 9, 2008 |
| | |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. § 1350 adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated May 9, 2008 |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| VALUECLICK, INC. (Registrant) |
| | |
| | |
| By: | /s/ JOHN PITSTICK |
| | John Pitstick |
| | Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Dated: May 9, 2008 | | |
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