The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide our investors with an understanding of our past performance, our financial condition and our prospects and should be read in conjunction with other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Investors should carefully review the information contained in this report under Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” and in the Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009. The following will be discussed and analyzed:
· | Forward-Looking Information |
· | Historical Results of Operations |
· | Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 |
· | Liquidity and Capital Resources |
· | Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates |
Forward-Looking Information
Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contain “forward-looking” information (as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that involves risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by their use of such verbs as “expects”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “intend”, “plan”, “may”, “should”, “will”, “would”, “will be” , “will continue”, “will likely result”, or similar verbs or conjugations of such verbs. If any of our assumptions on which the statements are based prove incorrect or should unanticipated circumstances arise, our actual results could materially differ from those anticipated by such forward-looking statements. The differences could be caused by a number of factors or combination of factors, including, but not limited to, unstable economic conditions, rapid technological changes in the industry, our ability to maintain profitability, to manage successfully our growth, to manage successfully our increasingly complex third-party relationships resulting from the software and hardware components being licensed or sold with our solutions, to maintain successful relationships with certain suppliers which may be impacted by competition in the technology industry, to maintain successful relationships with our current and any new partners, to maintain and improve our current products, to develo p new products, to protect our proprietary rights adequately, to successfully integrate acquired businesses and other factors set forth in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings.
Overview
Interactive Intelligence, Inc. (“Interactive Intelligence”, “we”, “us” or “our”) was formed in 1994 as an Indiana corporation and maintains its world headquarters and executive offices at 7601 Interactive Way, Indianapolis, IN 46278. Our telephone number is (317) 872-3000. We are located on the web at http://www.inin.com. We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other documents with the SEC under the Exchange Act. These periodic and current reports and all amendments to those reports are available free of charge on the investor relations page of our website at http://investors.inin.com.
We are a leading provider of software application suites for Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) business communications and are increasingly leveraging our leadership position in the worldwide contact center market to offer our solutions to enterprises. Businesses and organizations, including those that employ remote and mobile workers, utilize our solutions in industries including, but not limited to, teleservices, financial services (banks, credit unions, accounts receivable management), insurance, higher education, healthcare, retail, technology, government and business services. Our innovative software products and services are designed for:
· | Multichannel contact management and business communications (voice and messaging) using the Session Initiation Protocol (“SIP”) global communications standard that supports VoIP; |
· | Business process automation (“BPA”) using a communications-based approach; and |
· | Content management, including document as well as workflow management. |
With our single software platform, organizations can replace various traditional “multipoint” communications products. Our solutions incorporate a full-featured media server, media gateways, SIP proxy, and SIP station voice device for Internet Protocol (“IP”)-based communications networks and infrastructures. Customers can deploy our solutions on-premises or in a Communications as a Service (“CaaS”) model using a hosted data center.
Our solutions integrate with business systems and end-user devices, enhance the mobility of today’s remote workforce, scale to thousands of users, manage content in large volumes, provide communications and data security, and satisfy a range of business communications and interaction management needs for:
· | Enterprise IP Telephony |
· | Business Process Automation |
By implementing our all-in-one solutions, businesses are able to unify multichannel communications media (phone, fax, e-mail, web chat, content) and information, automate business processes, enhance workforce performance and productivity, improve customer service processes, and readily adapt to changing market and customer requirements. Contact centers can leverage our platform to support thousands of agents, including remote “Work-at-Home” agents, and handle inbound, outbound and “blended” inbound/outbound interactions, at one location or throughout multi-site contact center operations. Our enterprise IP telephony solutions provide call control and messaging for mid- and large-sized business enterprises with 100 to several hundred thousand users, with the ability to scale user counts up or down as needed. Enterprises, contact centers, and other organizations can utilize our BPA solutions to automate processes using an approach that incorporates communications functionality such as routing, quality monitoring, and the ability to indicate employee availability.
For further information on our business and the products and services we offer, refer to the Part I, Item 1 “Business” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Our management monitors certain key measures to assess our financial results. In particular, we track trends on product orders, contracted professional services, and CaaS orders from quarter to quarter and in comparison to the prior year actual results and current year plan amounts. We also review leading market indicators to look for trends in economic conditions. As noted below, macroeconomic conditions have materially affected the orders we received in certain of our recent quarters. In addition to orders and revenues, management reviews costs of revenue and operating expenses including staffing levels which affect salaries, our largest expense, to ensure we are managing new exp enditures and controlling costs. For additional discussions regarding trends and our expectations for 2010, see “Financial Highlights” beginning on page 12.
In addition to the above, our management monitors diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), which is a key measure of performance that is also used by analysts and investors, on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis. Management uses non-GAAP EPS, net income and operating income, which exclude non-cash stock option and non-cash income tax expense, to analyze our business. These measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. Stock-based compensation expense is non-cash and income tax expense is primarily non-cash. We believe that the presentation of non-GAAP results, when shown in conjunction with corresponding GAAP measures, provides useful information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends related to our results of opera tions. Further, our management believes that these non-GAAP measures improve management’s and investors’ ability to compare our financial performance with other companies in the technology industry. Because stock-based compensation expense and non-cash income tax expense amounts can vary significantly between companies, it is useful to compare results excluding these amounts. Our management also uses financial statements that exclude stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and non-cash income tax expense for our internal budgets.
Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are included below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Net income, as reported | | $ | 1,868 | | | $ | 1,223 | |
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense: | | | | | | | | |
Cost of services | | | 79 | | | | 65 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 324 | | | | 308 | |
Research and development | | | 298 | | | | 245 | |
General and administrative | | | 311 | | | | 229 | |
Total | | | 1,012 | | | | 847 | |
Non-cash income tax expense | | | 1,241 | | | | 799 | |
Non-GAAP net income | | $ | 4,121 | | | $ | 2,869 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating income, as reported | | $ | 3,989 | | | $ | 2,417 | |
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense | | | 1,012 | | | | 847 | |
Non-GAAP operating income | | $ | 5,001 | | | $ | 3,264 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted EPS, as reported | | $ | 0.10 | | | $ | 0.07 | |
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense | | | 0.05 | | | | 0.05 | |
Non-cash income tax expense | | | 0.07 | | | | 0.04 | |
Non-GAAP diluted EPS | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.16 | |
The table below shows our total revenues (in millions) for the most recent five quarters and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the percentage change over the previous period.
Period | | Revenues | | | Sequential Growth % | |
Three Months Ended: | | | | | | |
March 31, 2010 | | $ | 35.0 | | | | (3 | )% |
December 31, 2009 | | | 35.9 | | | | 8 | % |
September 30, 2009 | | | 33.2 | | | | 1 | % |
June 30, 2009 | | | 32.9 | | | | 12 | % |
March 31, 2009 | | | 29.5 | | | | (6 | )% |
| | | | | | | | |
Year Ended December 31: | | | | | | | | |
2009 | | $ | 131.4 | | | | 8 | % |
2008 | | | 121.4 | | | | 10 | |
2007 | | | 109.9 | | | | 32 | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2010, our revenues increased by 19% and our net income increased by 53% compared to the same period in 2009. Consistent with historical trends, our revenues declined sequentially from the fourth quarter of 2009 to the first quarter of 2010. Factors affecting our revenue performance in any particular year include macroeconomic conditions, customer budget constraints and seasonal buying patterns, the availability of personnel to implement our solutions, and willingness of customers to implement critical telecommunications systems. Revenues in any particular period can greatly fluctuate from other periods. We continue to see signs of economic recovery i ncluding more willingness from prospective customers to commit to new capital purchases compared to a year ago. We believe that we are experiencing shorter sales cycles and growing pipelines.
Product revenues increased by $2.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 primarily due to a 35% increase in the dollar amount of product orders from both new and existing customers across all three of the major geographies in which we operate. Services revenues increased by $2.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2009 primarily due to increased maintenance and support fees and increased CaaS revenues. We believe our CaaS services revenues and related expenses will continue growing as more customers utilize hosted delivery of software for their information technology.
Cost of products increased by $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 primarily as a result of an increase in hardware costs. Total operating expenses increased by $2.6 million, or 14%, during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2009 primarily due to increases in compensation expense as staffing increased in all departments. Other income (expense) increased by $351,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 as a result of fluctuations in exchange rates.
Historical Results of Operations
The following table presents certain financial data, derived from our unaudited statements of income, as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or for any future period.
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
Revenues: | | | | | | |
Product | | | 45 | % | | | 44 | % |
Services | | | 55 | | | | 56 | |
Total revenues | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Cost of revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Product | | | 14 | | | | 12 | |
Services | | | 16 | | | | 19 | |
Total cost of revenues | | | 30 | | | | 31 | |
Gross profit | | | 70 | | | | 69 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | | 30 | | | | 31 | |
Research and development | | | 18 | | | | 19 | |
General and administrative | | | 11 | | | | 11 | |
Total operating expenses | | | 59 | | | | 61 | |
Operating income | | | 11 | | | | 8 | |
Other income (expense): | | | | | | | | |
Interest income, net | | | -- | | | | -- | |
Other income (expense), net | | | (2 | ) | | | (1 | ) |
Total other income (expense) | | | (2 | ) | | | (1 | ) |
Income before income taxes | | | 9 | | | | 7 | |
Income tax expense | | | (4 | ) | | | (3 | ) |
Net income | | | 5 | % | | | 4 | % |
Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2010 and 2009
Revenues
Primary Sources of Revenues
We generate revenues from: (i) product revenues, which include licensing the right to use our software applications and, in certain instances, selling hardware as a part of our solutions; and (ii) services revenues, which include support fees from perpetual license agreements, renewal fees from annually renewable license agreements, professional services fees, educational services fees, and fees from our CaaS offering. Our revenues are generated by direct sales to customers and through our partner channel.
Product Revenues | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Product revenues | | $ | 15,687 | | | $ | 13,050 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 20 | % | | | (12 | )% |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 45 | % | | | 44 | % |
Not all software and hardware product orders are recognized as revenues when they are received because of certain contractual terms or the collection history with particular customers or partners. Consequently, product revenues for any particular period not only reflect orders received in the current period but also orders received in previous periods and recognized in the current period. In addition, product orders include first year support, which is deferred and recognized over the support period.
Product revenues increased by $2.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 primarily due to a 35% increase in the dollar amount of orders from both new and existing customers. The increase in orders was experienced in all three major geographies in which we operate. During the first quarter of 2010, we received two orders that were greater than $1.0 million and ten orders greater than $250,000 compared to no orders greater than $1.0 million and nine orders greater than $250,000 during the same period in 2009. We continue to see signs of economic recovery as evidenced by our strong order growth year-over-year.
During the fourth quarter of 2009, we received one order from our partner channel which is expected to generate product revenues greater than $2.9 million in 2010. During the first quarter of 2010, we recognized $1.8 million in product revenues, including $617,000 related to hardware revenue, and anticipate recognizing $1.1 million during the remainder of 2010.
Product revenues can fluctuate from period to period depending on the mix of contracts sold between perpetual licenses and annually renewable licenses. While the majority of our product licenses are perpetual, we have certain customers, whose original license contracts were signed prior to 2004, with renewable term licenses. Generally, orders for perpetual licenses result in a significant portion of the contract value being recognized when received if recognition criteria are satisfied, while renewable term licenses are recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, generally one year. Perpetual license orders, which typically have a significant portion of the revenue recognized immediately, were 89% of total product orders during the first quarter of 2010 compared to 83% during the first quarter of 2009. The impact of the mix of con tracts on our product revenues occurs only in the year of a product order; subsequent renewal fees received for annually renewable licenses and renewal support fees for perpetual contracts are all allocated entirely to services revenues.
Services Revenues | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Services revenues | | $ | 19,336 | | | $ | 16,426 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 18 | % | | | 12 | % |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 55 | % | | | 56 | % |
Services revenues include the portion of license arrangements allocated to maintenance and support from annually renewable and perpetual contracts, renewals of annually renewable licenses and maintenance contracts, and revenues from professional services, CaaS and education. Revenues related to our renewal and support fees represented approximately 75% and 76% our total services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Services revenues increased by $2.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009, primarily due to increased maintenance and support fees of $2.0 million resulting from continued growth in our installed base of customers. We believe our installed base of customers and resulting revenues will continue to grow. In addition, CaaS revenues increased $528,000 or 64% for the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. We received one CaaS order greater than $1.0 million and three CaaS orders greater than $250,000 in the first quarter of 2010. The revenues from these orders will be recognized ratably over the life of the CaaS contract, which is typically three to four years. As a result, our unrecognized CaaS revenues have continued to increase as we have signed new CaaS con tracts. This amount of unrecognized revenues totaled more than $6.3 million as of March 31, 2010 and was not included in deferred revenue. Although some costs related to CaaS are fixed, others are variable based on usage and call volume, and therefore, we would expect our services expenses to increase as the revenues from these orders are recognized over the next three to four years. We believe our CaaS services revenues will continue growing as more customers utilize hosted delivery of software for their information technology needs instead of licensing software and purchasing hardware and hiring additional technical employees.
Services revenues have and will fluctuate based on dollar amount of orders and license renewals, the number of attendees at our educational classes, the amount of assistance our customers and partners need for implementation and installation and CaaS adoption. The actual percentage fee charged for renewal of annually renewable licenses and perpetual support agreements as compared to the initial annually renewable license fee and perpetual license, respectively, is comparable on a relative percentage basis, and therefore, the mix of these types of contracts in the future is not expected to impact our future services revenues. Renewal rates for license and support fees in the first quarter of 2010 were consistent with prior periods.
Cost of Revenues | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Cost of revenues: | | | | | | |
Product | | $ | 4,799 | | | $ | 3,528 | |
Services | | | 5,597 | | | | 5,502 | |
Total cost of revenues | | $ | 10,396 | | | $ | 9,030 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 15 | % | | | -- | % |
Product cost as a % of product gross revenues | | | 31 | % | | | 27 | % |
Services cost as a % of services gross revenues | | | 29 | % | | | 33 | % |
Cost of product consist of hardware costs (including media servers and Interaction Gateway appliances that we develop, as well as servers, telephone handsets and gateways that we purchase and resell), royalties for third-party software and other technologies included in our solutions, personnel costs and product distribution facility costs. Cost of product can fluctuate depending on which software applications are licensed to our customers and partners, the third-party software that is licensed by the end-user from us as part of our software applications and the dollar amount of orders for hardware and appliances.
Cost of product increased $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009, primarily as a result of an increase in hardware costs as more customers purchased our hardware offerings to implement their solutions.
Cost of services consist primarily of compensation expenses for technical support, professional services and educational personnel as well as costs associated with our CaaS offering. Cost of services increased by $95,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009, primarily due to increased compensation expense of $211,000 resulting from additions to our services staff and growth in CaaS expenses of $298,000 related to data center and associated hosting costs. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in expenses related to employee incentives and reductions in compensation expense for professional services personnel, as more set-up costs are being amortized as CaaS implementations grow. CaaS implementation fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the life of the CaaS contrac t.
Gross Profit | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Gross profit | | $ | 24,627 | | | $ | 20,446 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 20 | % | | | -- | % |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 70 | % | | | 69 | % |
Gross profit as a percentage of total revenues in any particular period reflects the amount of product and services revenues recognized and cost of product and services incurred.
Gross profit increased by $4.2 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009 primarily due to a greater percentage increase in product and services revenues compared to the increase in cost of product and services, for the reasons set forth above.
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Sales and marketing expenses | | $ | 10,352 | | | $ | 9,214 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 12 | % | | | (10 | )% |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 30 | % | | | 31 | % |
Percentage of net product revenues | | | 95 | % | | | 97 | % |
Sales and marketing expenses primarily include compensation, travel, and promotional costs related to our sales, marketing and channel management operations. These expenses increased $1.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009, primarily due to an increase in compensation expenses of $995,000 as sales and marketing staffing increased by 9% from a year ago, and higher promotional costs. We expect marketing costs to continue to increase throughout 2010 as we expand our promotional efforts.
Research and Development | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Research and development expenses | | $ | 6,425 | | | $ | 5,626 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 14 | % | | | 13 | % |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 18 | % | | | 19 | % |
Research and development expenses are comprised primarily of compensation and depreciation expenses. These expenses increased by $799,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009, primarily due to an increase in compensation expense of $770,000 resulting from an 18% increase in research and development staffing. This increase included staff at AcroSoft Corporation, which we acquired in the second quarter of 2009.
We believe that investment in research and development is critical to our future growth, particularly because our competitive position in the marketplace is directly related to the timely development of new and enhanced solutions that are essential to our business. As a result, we expect the dollar amount of research and development expenses will continue to increase in future periods.
General and Administrative | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
General and administrative expenses | | $ | 3,861 | | | $ | 3,189 | |
Change from prior year period | | | 21 | % | | | (19 | )% |
Percentage of total revenues | | | 11 | % | | | 11 | % |
General and administrative expenses include salary and incentive compensation expense as well as general corporate expenses that are not allocable to other departments, such as legal and other professional fees and bad debt expense.
General and administrative expenses increased by $672,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. This increase was primarily due to increases in compensation expense of $234,000 related to staff additions and a reduction in the forfeiture rate assumption that we used to calculate the expense during the third quarter of 2009, and bad debt expense of $184,000.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Income, Net
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments (average) | | $ | 68,190 | | | $ | 47,671 | |
Interest income, gross | | | 42 | | | | 108 | |
Return on investments | | | 0.3 | % | | | 0.9 | % |
Interest income, net, primarily consists of interest earned from investments and interest-bearing cash accounts. Interest expense and fees, which are not material for any years reported, are also included in this category.
Interest earned on investments decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2009, as a result of lower interest rates from decreasing interest yields on investments. During the first quarter of 2010, we held the majority of our liquid investments in money market funds that are secured by low risk government securities.
We continue to monitor the allocation of funds in which we have invested to maximize our return on investment while utilizing safe investment alternatives within our established investment policy. We do not have any investments in subprime assets.
Other Income (Expense) | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Other income (expense) | | $ | (775 | ) | | $ | (424 | ) |
Other income (expense) includes foreign currency transaction gains and losses. These gains and losses can fluctuate based on the amount of revenue that is generated in certain international currencies (particularly the Euro), the exchange gain or loss that results from foreign currency disbursements and receipts, and the cash balances and exchange rates at the end of a reporting period. Other expense during the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 included $770,000 and $424,000, respectively, of foreign currency losses. The expense from both quarters reflects the weakening of the Euro and British Pound in relation to the U.S. dollar. We had a portion of our cash balances in Euro deposit accounts and received collections from some of our customers in Euros and British Pounds. During February 2010, we transferred the majority of our Euro cash balances to a U.S. dollar account. The volatility of exchange rate changes and our increasing balances outstanding overseas have resulted in us exploring ways to better hedge against fluctuations in the future, but no hedging strategy was implemented as of March 31, 2010. By reducing the cash held in non-U.S. dollar accounts, we have reduced the future impact of foreign exchange fluctuations.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense) | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | $ | (1,388 | ) | | $ | (878 | ) |
For the period ended March 31, 2010, $147,000 of our income tax expense is expected to result in cash payments for state and foreign taxes and the remaining amount will be offset by the utilization of our net operating losses. We have significant remaining credits and losses to offset taxable income and taxes payable as described in Note 8 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our effective tax rate was 42.6% for the quarter ended March 31, 2010. The tax rate is determined by considering the federal tax rate, rates in various states and international jurisdictions in which we have operations, and a portion of the amount of stock-based compensation that is not deductible for income tax purposes.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We generate cash from the collections related to licensing our products as well as from selling hardware, renewals of annual licenses and maintenance and support agreements, and the delivery of other services. During the first quarter of 2010, we also received $691,000 in cash from employees exercising stock options and $158,000 from purchases of common stock under our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. We use cash primarily for paying our employees (including salaries, commissions and benefits), leasing office space, paying travel expenses, marketing activities, paying vendors for hardware, other services and supplies, and purchasing property and equipment. We expect our capital expenditures to total approximately $3.0 million for 2010 due to furniture and equipment purchases for our increasing number of staff, the addition of new offices and employee on-site dining at our world headquarters. We continue to be debt free.
We determine liquidity by combining cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as shown in the table below. Based on our recent performance and current expectations, we believe that our current liquidity position, when combined with our anticipated cash flows from operations, will be sufficient to satisfy our working capital needs and current or expected obligations associated with our operations over the next 12 months. Our future requirements will depend on many factors, including cash flows from operations, territory expansion and product development decisions and potential acquisitions. If our liquidity is not sufficient to cover our needs, we may be forced to raise additional capital, either through the capital markets or debt financings, and may not be able to do so on favorable terms or at all.
| | | | | | |
| | ($ in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 49,679 | | | $ | 48,497 | |
Short-term investments | | | 21,721 | | | | 16,482 | |
Total liquidity | | $ | 71,400 | | | $ | 64,979 | |
The amount that we report as cash and cash equivalents or as short-term investments fluctuates depending on investing decisions in each period. Purchases of short-term investments and property and equipment are reported as a use of cash and the related receipt of proceeds upon maturity of investments is reported as a source of cash.
The following table shows cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the stated periods:
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | | | | | |
| | | |
Beginning cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 48,497 | | | $ | 34,705 | |
Cash provided by operating activities | | | 5,345 | | | | 4,410 | |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | | (6,263 | ) | | | 6,635 | |
Cash provided by financing activities | | | 2,100 | | | | 180 | |
Ending cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 49,679 | | | $ | 45,930 | |
Cash provided by operating activities during both quarters was generated primarily by our profitability net of ordinary fluctuations in our operating assets and liabilities. The cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2010 increased as we began to transfer a small portion of our cash to short-term investments as the rates improved. Cash provided by financing activities during both quarters was due to proceeds from stock options exercised, and for the quarter ended March 31, 2010, was due to tax benefits from stock-based compensation.
Contractual Obligations
As of March 31, 2010, we had additional purchase obligations totaling $297,000 to be paid out over the next year related to the build-out of on-site employee dining at our world headquarters. There have been no other material changes to our contractual obligations as set forth in the Contractual Obligations table disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Except as set forth in the Contractual Obligations table disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material impact on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources as of March 31, 2010.
We provide indemnifications of varying scope and amount to certain customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of our products. Our software license agreements, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 460, Guarantees, include certain provisions for indemnifying customers, in material compliance with their license agreement, against liabilities if our software products infringe upon a third party's intellectual property rights, over the life of the agreement. We are not able to estimate the potential exposure related to the indemnification provisions of our license agreements but have not incurred expenses under these indemnification provisions. We may at any time and at our option and expense: (i) procure the right of the customer to continue to use our software that may infringe a third party’s rights; (ii) modify our software so as to avoid infringement; or (iii) require the customer to return our software and refund the customer the fee actually paid by the customer for our software less depreciation based on a five-year straight-line depreciation schedule. The customer’s failure to provide timely notice or reasonable assistance will relieve us of our obligations under this indemnification to the extent that we have been actually and materially prejudiced by such failure. To date, we have not incurred, nor do we expect to incur, any material related costs and, therefore, have not reserved for such liabilities.
Our software license agreements also include a warranty that our software products will substantially conform to our software user documentation for a period of one year, provided the customer is in material compliance with the software license agreement. To date, we have not incurred any material costs associated with these product warranties, and as such, we have not reserved for any such warranty liabilities in our operating results.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results may differ from those estimates and judgments under different assumptions or conditions. We have discussed the critical accounting policies that we believe affect our more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of the Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 and in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dece mber 31, 2009. For a further summary of certain accounting policies, see Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
We develop software application products in the United States and license our products worldwide. As a result, our financial results could be affected by market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates or weak economic conditions in certain markets. Market risk is the potential of loss arising from unfavorable changes in market rates and prices.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
We transact business in certain foreign currencies including the British Pound and the Euro. However, as a majority of the orders we receive are denominated in U.S. dollars, a strengthening of the U.S. dollar could make our products more expensive and less competitive in foreign markets. We have not historically used foreign currency options or forward contracts to hedge our currency exposures because of variability in the timing of cash flows associated with our larger contracts. We did not have any such hedge instruments in place at March 31, 2010. Rather, we attempt to mitigate our foreign currency risk by generally transacting business and paying salaries in the functional currency of each of the major countries in which we do business, thus creating natural hedges. Additionally, as our business matures in foreign markets, we may off er our products and services in certain other local currencies. If this were to occur, foreign currency fluctuations would have a greater impact on us and may have an adverse effect on our results of operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2010, our foreign currency transaction losses amounted to $775,000.
As of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, we had accounts with Euro balances of approximately $4.5 million and $14.6 million, respectively, British Pound balances of $85,000 and $289,000, respectively, and balances of seven other foreign currencies totaling $450,000 and $371,000, respectively. During the first quarter of 2010, we converted the majority of our Euro and British Pound balances back to U.S. dollars in order to mitigate foreign currency risk.
Interest Rate Risk
We invest cash balances in excess of operating requirements in securities that have maturities of one year or less. The carrying value of these securities approximates market value, and there is no long-term interest rate risk associated with these investments.
We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed by us under the Exchange Act is (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (b) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2010, pursuan t to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2010.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2010 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
The information set forth under “Legal Proceedings” in Note 7 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.
In addition to the information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and before deciding to invest in, or retain, shares of our common stock, you also should carefully review and consider the information contained in our other reports and periodic filings that we make with the SEC, including, without limitation, the information contained under the caption Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. Those risk factors could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The risks that we describe in our public filings are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we presently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
| | | | Incorporated by Reference | | | |
Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | | Form | | | Exhibit | | Filing Date | | Filed Herewith | |
| 3.1 | | Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as currently in effect | | S-1 (Registration No. 333-79509) | | | | 3.1 | | 5/28/1999 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3.2 | | Amended By-Laws of the Company, as currently in effect | | | 8-K | | | | 3.2 | | 7/28/2009 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 10.38 | | Form of Non-Employee Director Change of Control Agreement dated March 29, 2010 by and between Interactive Intelligence, Inc. and Richard G. Halperin | | | 10-Q | | | | 10.38 | | 8/9/2007 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 31.1 | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | | | | | | | | | | | X | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 31.2 | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | | | | | | | | | | | X | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 32.1 | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | | | | | | | | | | | X | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 32.2 | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U. S. C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | | | | | | | | | | | X | |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| | | | | | Interactive Intelligence, Inc. (Registrant) |
| | | | | | | | |
Date: May 10, 2010 | | | | By: | | /s/ Stephen R. Head |
| | | | | | | | Stephen R. Head Chief Financial Officer, Vice President of Finance and Administration, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
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