TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
The stock options outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2008 were in the following exercise price ranges:
During the three months ended June 30, 2008, the Company granted stock options to an employee to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock, exercisable at $0.22 per share. Stock options to purchase 1,000,000 shares vested on April 23, 2008 and expire on April 22, 2011. Stock options to purchase an additional 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2009 and to expire on April 22, 2012. Stock options to purchase a further 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2010 and to expire on April 22, 2013. The total grant date fair value of the options was $438,835.
During the three months ended December 31, 2007, the Company granted stock options to employees to purchase up to an aggregate of 9,200,000 shares of common stock, exercisable for five years at $0.22 per share. The total grant date fair value of the options was $1,650,086.
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, the Company granted stock options to employees to purchase up to an aggregate of 6,000,000 shares of common stock, exercisable for five years at $0.16 per share. One-half of the options vested immediately and one-half become exercisable in one year from the grant date. The total grant date fair value of the options was $787,535.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, compensation expense related to the amortization of deferred compensation (employees) amounted to $138,238 and $24,111, respectively. Deferred compensation (employees) on the balance sheet is $694,414 and $393,767at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
In May 2008, the Company granted stock options to an outside consultant to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock, exercisable for two years at $0.11 per share. The options are to vest in equal installments of 250,000 stock options on each of the following dates: August 1, 2008; November 1, 2008; February 1, 2009 and May 1, 2009. The total grant date fair value of the options was $82,393.
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
4. | STOCK BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED) |
On March 27, 2008, the Company entered into a consulting agreement, dated as of March 10, 2008, with an outside consultant pursuant to which the Company issued 675,000 shares of common stock in connection with services for March 2008. The fair market value of services amounted to $101,250, which was charged to operations during the three months ended March 31, 2008. The consulting agreement is for a term of up to twelve months, and the Company is to issue 75,000 shares of common stock per month for the remaining months of the consulting term.
On October 1, 2007, the Company issued to an outside consultant 250,000 shares of common stock, as payment for consulting services. The total grant date fair value of the shares was $48,975, of which $9,775 and $9,800 were charged to operations during the three months ended December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008, respectively.
On October 1, 2007, the Company granted stock options to an outside consultant to purchase 500,000 shares of common stock, exercisable for five years at $0.22 per share. The total grant date fair value of the options was $89,679.
On August 13, 2007, the Company granted stock options to three consultants, each an individual, to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock, exercisable for five years at $0.16 per share. One-half of the options vested immediately and one-half become exercisable in one year from the grant date. The fair market value of services amounted to $131,256, of which $65,628 was charged to operations during the three months ended September 30, 2007.
On May 23, 2007, the Company issued 750,000 shares of common stock to Stonegate Securities, Inc., pursuant to a consulting agreement. The fair market value of services amounted to $232,500, which was charged to operations during the three months ended June 30, 2007.
On January 26, 2007, the Company issued 75,000 shares of common stock to an individual, pursuant to a consulting agreement. The fair market value of services amounted to $21,000, which was charged to operations.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, compensation expense related to the amortization of deferred compensation (consultants) amounted to $0. Deferred compensation (consultants) on the balance sheet is $167,621 and $104,828 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
In September 2005, the Company through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Tierra Nevada Exploration Partners, LP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was the successful bidder in auctions for nine separate oil and gas leases on Federal lands in the State of Nevada, conducted by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. The parcels total 15,439 acres, at an aggregate purchase price of $435,516. Leases from BLM are for a primary term of 10 years, and continue beyond the primary term as long as the lease is producing, as defined. Rental is $1.50 per acre for the first 5 years ($2 per acre after that) until production begins. Once a lease is producing, the BLM charges a royalty of 12.5% on the production. The bids were made without detailed knowledge of the condition of the properties, their suitability for oil and gas operations, the history of prior operations on such properties, if any, or the potential economic significance of the property. The leases became effective on November 1, 2005.
17
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
5. | OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES (CONTINUED) |
On December 13, 2005, Tierra Nevada submitted bids at a competitive oral sale of Federal lands in the State of Nevada for oil and gas leasing, conducted by the Bureau of Land Management, an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. Tierra Nevada’s bids for two separate parcels of land, totaling approximately 1,240.44 acres, were accepted at the auction, at an aggregate price of approximately $30,935. These two leases commenced on January 1, 2006 and terminated in 2007.
In July 2006, the Company commenced drilling on its first well. This well is referred to as the Sage Well. During the course of drilling, the Company invested $3,146,794 in drilling costs. In fiscal year 2006, the Company determined that the Sage Well was not commercially viable and wrote-off the entire investment.
In April 2007, Tierra Nevada received notice of the termination of the leases that became effective as of January 1, 2006 for failure to pay the annual rental on the leases. The notice stated that the terminations were effective as of November 1, 2007. In the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company wrote-off costs associated with such leases totaling $484,623.
Total Oil and Gas Investment
The Company’s oil and gas investments, net of write-offs, were $594,876 as of June 30, 2008 and $1,077,291 as of December 31, 2007.
Property and equipment are stated at cost at June 30, 2008 consisted of the following:
| | Estimated Useful Lives – Years | | June 30, 2008 Amount | | December 31, 2007 Amount |
| | | | | | |
| Computer Equipment | 5 | | $ 95,715 | | $ 95,715 |
| Oil & Gas Equipment | 3 | | 12,485 | | 12,485 |
| Office Equipment | 5 | | 17,011 | | 17,011 |
| Transportation Equipment | 5 | | 85,750 | | 85,750 |
| Furniture & Fixtures | 7 | | 37,896 | | 37,896 |
| | | | 248,857 | | 248,857 |
| Less accumulated depreciation | | | (107,131) | | (85,819) |
| | | | $ 141,726 | | $ 163,038 |
Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $10,656.
7. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Technology License Agreement
The Company licenses, under a 32-year license agreement entered into January 7, 2005, as amended on May 19, 2005 and July 23, 2007 (the “Technology License Agreement”), certain mapping technology from The Institute of Geoinformational Analysis of the Earth (the “Institute”), a foreign-based related company controlled by the majority shareholder of the Company. Under the Technology License Agreement, the Company is required to pay the Institute an annual license fee of $600,000 (subject to certain deferrals and credits as specified in the Technology License Agreement and the Services Agreement described below), payable on or before December 31 of each year. Commencing in 2008, the annual license fee is to increase annually by the lesser of four percent or the percentage increase of the Consumer Price Index using 2007 as the base year.
18
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
7. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED) |
The Technology License Agreement, pursuant to the July 23, 2007 amendment, provided for the deferral of the annual license fee due for calendar year 2007. Commencing in 2008, provided that the Company has total positive net revenues from its operations of at least $2 million annually, the Institute is entitled to payment on the deferred license fee at a rate of no more than $300,000 per year. The Institute is also entitled to payments on certain service projects engaged in by the Company. For all internal projects of the Company (i.e., natural resource projects that the Company engages in pursuant to farm-in or farm-out agreements with third parties), the Institute is entitled to payments equal to 20% of the net revenues received by TIC from such farm-in and/or farm-out agreements. For non-internal projects, the Institute is entitled to payments equal to: (i) 20% of the net cash success fee compensation earned by the Company from such projects; and (ii) 20% of the net cash received by the Company from royalty-free interests in such service projects. Such project related payments shall be payable only after the Company generates over $1,000,000 in net revenues from service projects.
In December 2007, the Company and the Institute entered into an agreement, effective December 27, 2007, that modified the terms of the Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which, the deferred annual license fee attributable to the period January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2008 has been waived.
Services Agreement
The Company entered into a services agreement with the Institute on January 7, 2005, as amended on May 19, 2005 and July 23, 2007 (the “Services Agreement”), for consulting and advisory services including analysis, surveying, and mapping as well as recommendations related to the utilization of the Institute’s mapping technologies. Under the terms of the Services Agreement, the Institute is to perform certain contract services for the Company for a service fee at the rate of (i) no more than 40% to 60% of its published rates depending on the nature of the requested services or (ii) no more than 10% over cost, subject to an annual minimum charge of $500,000. Commencing in 2008, the minimum annual service fee is to increase by the lesser of 4% or the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index using 2007 as the base year.
The Services Agreement, pursuant to the July 23, 2007 amendment, provided for the deferral of any services fee attributable to the Company’s internal projects. Commencing in 2008, provided that the Company has total positive net revenues from its operations of at least $2 million annually, the Institute is entitled to payment on the deferred services fee at a rate of no more than $300,000 per year.
Until such time as the Company has annual revenues of at least $10 million or until such time as the market capitalization of the Company exceeds $100 million, 83.334% of the license fees paid by the Company pursuant to the Technology License Agreement will be credited against service fees pursuant to the Services Agreement, and further provided, that in any calendar year in which the Company’s revenues are less than $6 million, the minimum annual services fee is to be offset against the annual license fee payable to the Institute. The Company may terminate the Services Agreement by giving the Institute four weeks’ prior notice. If the Company does not provide such notice, the Company is obligated to pay a termination fee equal to 8.33% of the prior calendar year’s service fee payments to the Institute. Termination of the Services Agreement does not relieve the Company of its obligations under the Technology License Agreement.
In December 2007, the Company and the Institute entered into an agreement, effective December 27, 2007, that modified the terms of the Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which, the deferred minimum annual services fee attributable to the period January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2008 has been waived.
19
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
7. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED) |
Operating Lease
The Company leased office space from one of its directors on a month-to-month basis pursuant to an oral agreement. Rent expense was $2,250 per month through March 2006, $4,500 per month through August 2006, and $8,000 per month through March 31, 2007. As of April 1, 2007, substantially reduced office space was leased from a third party and the rent expense is $2,000 per month. Total rent expense related to the office facility for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $12,000 and $30,000, respectively.
Legal Services
The Company paid or accrued legal fees for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 of $232,106 and $191,116, respectively, to a law firm which is owned by a director, officer, and shareholder of the Company.
Loans
As of June 30, 2008, two officers and a director loaned the Company an aggregate of $406,297, and a related party has loaned $39,968. The loans are unsecured and non-interest bearing and have no specific repayment terms.
Employment Agreement
On April 23, 2008, the Company entered into an employment agreement with an executive. The executive is entitled to: an annual salary at the rate of $150,000; an annual performance based bonus in an amount equal to 5% of the Company’s consolidated net profit, except if terminated for cause; and is also entitled to other bonuses, performance-based or otherwise, and an annual increase in salary, as the Company’s Board of Directors may determine in its discretion. The Company granted to the executive stock options to purchase 3 million shares of the Company’s common stock, exercisable at $0.165 per share. Stock options to purchase 1,000,000 shares vested on April 23, 2008 and expire on April 22, 2011. Stock options to purchase an additional 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2009 and to expire on April 22, 2012. Stock options to purchase a further 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2010 and to expire on April 22, 2013. The employment term is for a period of up to three years. If the Company terminates the executive’s employment for any reason other than for cause, the Company is to pay him four months of salary as severance.
Operating Lease
The Company does not have a written lease on its main New York City office space.
In March 2008, the Company settled a lawsuit captioned Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Inc. v. Tierra Nevada Exploration Partners, LP and Terra Resources, Inc., before the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Case No. 603274/07. Pursuant to the terms of settlement, the Company delivered one million shares of its common stock, which were returned to the Company for cancellation in exchange for a promissory note due July 31, 2009 in the amount of $178,920 together with 12% interest from October 4, 2007.
20
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. The Board of Directors is expressly authorized to provide for the issue of all or any shares of the preferred stock, in one or more series, and to fix for each such series such voting powers, full or limited, and other such designations and preferences. The number of authorized shares of preferred stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. In December 2007, the Board authorized the issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock.
On December 27, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement for the sale of 5,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and warrants exercisable over a two-year period to purchase 20,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock. (See Note 3).
Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of common stock. Upon conversion, exchange or other transaction with the Company of more than 50% of the originally issued Series A Preferred Stock, such that less than 50% of the originally issued Series A Preferred Stock becomes outstanding at any time, the remaining outstanding Series A Preferred Stock shall automatically convert into shares of common stock. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to three votes for each share of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. For so long as at least 50% of the Series A Preferred Stock originally issued pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement remain outstanding, the holders of the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock shall have the exclusive right to elect a majority of the Company’s board of directors.
11. | SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION |
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company evaluates performance based on operating earnings of the respective units, segregated into Mapping Services and Oil, Gas, and Other, i.e., Diamond Mines.
| For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
| Mapping Services | | Oil and Gas Operations | | Diamond Operations | | Total |
| | | | | | | |
REVENUES | $ – | | $ – | | $ – | | $ – |
COST OF SALES | – | | – | | – | | – |
GROSS PROFIT | – | | – | | – | | – |
| | | | | | | |
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES | – | | (853,969) | | – | | (853,969) |
WRITE OFF OF OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES | – | | (484,623) | | – | | (484,623) |
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): | | | – | | | | – |
NET INTEREST EXPENSE | – | | (10,080) | | – | | (10,080) |
TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES | – | | (1,348,672) | | – | | (1,348,672) |
| | | | | | | |
PROFIT (LOSS) BEFORE PROVISION FOR | | | | | | | |
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND | | | | | | | |
INCOME TAXES | – | | (1,348,672) | | – | | (1,348,672) |
NONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN LOSS | | | | | | | |
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | – | | – | | – | | – |
| | | | | | | |
NET PROFIT (LOSS) | $ – | | $ (1,348,672) | | $ – | | $ (1,348,672) |
21
TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
11. | SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION (CONTINUED) |
| For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 |
| Mapping Services | | Oil and Gas Operations | | Diamond Operations | | Total |
| | | | | | | |
REVENUES | $ – | | $ – | | $ – | | $ – |
COST OF SALES | – | | – | | – | | – |
GROSS PROFIT | – | | – | | – | | – |
| | | | | | | |
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES | – | | (1,821,534) | | – | | (1,821,534) |
WRITE OFF OF OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES | – | | – | | – | | – |
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): | | | | | | | |
NET INTEREST EXPENSE | – | | (713) | | – | | (713) |
TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES | – | | (1,822,247) | | – | | (1,822,247) |
| | | | | | | |
PROFIT (LOSS) BEFORE PROVISION FOR | | | | | | | |
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND | | | | | | | |
INCOME TAXES | – | | (1,822,247) | | – | | (1,822,247) |
NONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN LOSS | | | | | | | |
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | – | | 329,963 | | – | | 329,963 |
| | | | | | | |
NET PROFIT (LOSS) | $ – | | $ (1,492,284) | | $ – | | $ (1,492,284) |
22
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
“Forward-Looking” Information
These management discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements and information that are based on our management’s beliefs, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to our management. These forward-looking statements are based on many assumptions and factors, and are subject to many conditions, including our continuing ability to obtain additional financing, ability to attract new customers, competitive pricing for our services, any change in our business model from providing services to natural resources exploration companies to engaging in exploration activities, and demand for our products, which depends upon the condition of the oil industry. Except for the historical information contained in this report, all forward-looking information are estimates by our management and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that may be beyond our control and may cause results to differ from our management’s current expectations, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the information set forth in our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, and the related notes, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
Operating Entities
Our operations are primarily conducted through our wholly-owned operating subsidiary, Terra Insight Corporation. Terra Insight Corporation is the sole owner of Terra Resources, Inc., a Delaware corporation. Terra Resources, Inc. is the general partner of two Delaware limited partnerships, TexTerra Exploration Partners, LP (“TexTerra”) and Tierra Nevada Exploration Partners, LP (“Tierra Nevada”). Since the third quarter of fiscal 2006, neither TexTerra nor Tierra Nevada or other entities affiliated with the Company have been engaged in active resource projects. A third limited partnership entity, New Found Oil Partners, LP, was dissolved in April 2008.
Our Operations and Plans
During the first half of fiscal 2008, we focused on obtaining additional investment capital to restart our service and exploration efforts, to restructure our operations to reduce our operating costs, and to create case studies demonstrating the value of our proprietary satellite-based sub-terrain prospecting (“STeP”) technology for locating natural resources. We intend to demonstrate the value of our licensed STeP technology by pursuing a fee for service business model with exploration companies, which may include seeking royalties on the exploration project, as well as a farm-in strategy of investing in drilling projects when our STeP technology concurs with the available seismic studies on the projects. Our goal is to demonstrate a success rate which is better than industry averages and thereby establish the value of our technology while generating minerals and hydrocarbon reserves and internally generating cash flow to support our cost of operations.
During fiscal 2007 and the first half of fiscal 2008, we had no paying customers for our services. During the first half of 2007, we had non-operating income of $329,963 resulting from the holder of noncontrolling interest meeting a cash call for drilling expenses which was issued in a prior calendar quarter.
Our goal continues to be to enter into agreements whereby we provide our services, such as providing site location and depth locations, to natural resource exploration companies in exchange for royalties or ownership rights, and fees, with regard to a specific natural resource exploration property. We may also seek to finance or otherwise participate in the efforts to recover natural resources from such properties. Our intent, in the event our cash flow permits, is to finish the land acquisition in connection with the West Deweyville Prospect and farm-out the project to obtain financing for the drilling program on the prospect.
23
While we have oil exploration experience, we need substantial additional capital to conduct oil exploration activities alone. We continue to seek joint ventures to assist in our operations, including examining, drilling, operating and financing such activities. We will determine our plan for our existing leases and for future leases we acquire based on our ability to fund such projects.
Current Status of Operations
We have incurred large operating losses and currently have a large working capital deficit (approximately $1.3 million) at June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, we had cash of $472,014. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Our operations are based on two sources of revenue:
| (1) | Revenue from providing mapping and analytic services to exploration, drilling and mining companies, using an integrated approach with proprietary attributes to gather, manage and interpret geologic and satellite data to improve the assessment of natural resources; and |
| | |
| (2) | Revenue from projects that we undertake through joint venture and similar relationships with third parties. |
Since inception, revenues from our fee for service business have not been sufficient to support our operational expenses. In fiscal 2007 and the first half of fiscal 2008, we did not generate revenues from our service business, as we sought to perform services for an ownership or royalty interest in projects or leaseholds rather than for a cash service fee.
To date, we have not had a commercially successful exploration project, and we have no proven hydrocarbon reserves. As of June 30, 2008, our principal asset is our investment in the West Deweyville Prospect.
Since inception through the first half of fiscal 2008, we have supported our operations primarily through the sale of $5 million of convertible debentures ($3 million in fiscal 2005 and $2 million in fiscal 2006), sale of approximately $3.76 million of noncontrolling interests in drilling limited partnerships ($3.43 million in fiscal 2006 and $0.33 million in fiscal 2007), sale of $3.5 million of common stock ($3.25 million in fiscal 2005, $0.15 million in fiscal 2006, and $0.1 million in fiscal 2007), and sale of $1.0 million of preferred stock ($0.5 million in fiscal 2007 and $0.5 million in fiscal 2008).
Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on our ability to obtain new capital and generate revenue from service operations. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining additional funding or, in the event it is successful, the terms of such funding will be on terms advantageous to us.
Development Projects
To date, we have drilled one well on the Bellows Lease in Texas and one well on a lease obtained from the Bureau of Land Management in the Railroad and White River Valley in Nevada. While the well on the Bellows Lease originally looked promising, the reservoir quality was not sufficient and we decided the well was not commercially viable. In connection with the Nevada well, we experienced problems with the rig we leased and for safety reasons decided to plug the well before reaching the target depth. Capitalized costs incurred with the Bellows Lease in Texas and the Sage Well in Nevada of approximately $1.9 million and $3.2 million were written off during the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2006, respectively.
During the third quarter of fiscal 2006, we obtained land leases in West Deweyville, Texas for a drilling project. We also bought a 2.5% interest in a project neighboring the West Deweyville Prospect to obtain data from the drilled well. This information helped us confirm the results of our technology relating to the West Deweyville leases. The project neighboring West Deweyville was not successful and we wrote-off the investment of approximately $180,000 in this project in 2006.
24
In 2006, we also wrote-off soft development costs principally associated with the acquisition of the Bureau of Land Management land leases in Nevada of $1,662,571. A significant portion of these costs arose from previous payments to the Institute for studies.
While we have investments in oil and gas projects totaling approximately $0.6 million on our consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2008, we suspended development efforts until we raise sufficient capital.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Several of our accounting policies involve significant judgments and uncertainties. The policies with the greatest potential effect on our results of operations and financial position are our ability to estimate the degree of impairment to unproved oil and gas properties. We did not have any accounts receivable at June 30, 2008 or 2007.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when the survey is delivered to the customer and collectibility of the fee is reasonably assured. Amounts received in advance of performance and/or completion of such services are recorded as deferred revenue.
Oil and Gas Properties
For oil and gas properties, costs associated with lease acquisitions and land costs have been capitalized. Such unproven properties are valued at the lower of cost or fair value.
Reserve Estimates
We currently do not own any oil and gas reserves. Estimates of oil and natural gas reserves, by necessity, are projections based on geologic and engineering data, and there are uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of such data as well as the projection of future rates of production and the timing of development expenditures. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that are difficult to measure. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves and future net cash flows necessarily depend upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, such as historical production from the area compared with production from other producing areas, the assumed effects of regulations by governmental agencies and assumptions governing future oil and natural gas prices, future operating costs, severance and excise taxes, development costs and workover and remedial costs, all of which may in fact vary considerably from actual results. For these reasons, estimates of the economically recoverable quantities of oil and natural gas attributable to any particular group of properties, classifications of such reserves based on risk of recovery, and estimates of the future net cash flows expected there from may vary substantially. Any significant variance in the assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantity and value of the reserves, which could affect the carrying value of our oil and gas properties and/or the rate of depletion of the oil and gas properties. Actual production, revenues and expenditures with respect to our reserves will likely vary from estimates, and such variances may be material.
Depletion
We follow the “full-cost” method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Under this method, all productive and nonproductive costs incurred in connection with the exploration for and development of oil and gas reserves are capitalized. Such capitalized costs include lease acquisition, geological and geophysical work, delay rentals, drilling, completing and equipping oil and gas wells, and other related costs directly attributable to these activities. Costs associated with production and general corporate activities are expensed in the period incurred. If the net investment in oil and gas properties exceeds an amount equal to the sum of (1) the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows from proved reserves, and (2) the lower of cost or fair market value properties in process of development and unexplored acreage, the excess is charged to expense as additional depletion. Normal dispositions of oil and gas properties are accounted for as adjustments of capitalized costs, with no gain or loss recognized.
25
Capitalized costs of proved reserves will be amortized by the unit-of-production method so that each unit is assigned a pro-rata portion of unamortized costs. We have no proved reserves and no costs have been amortized.
Accounts Receivable
For accounts receivable, if any, we estimate the net collectibility, considering both historical and anticipated trends as well as the financial condition of the customer.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2008
Compared to Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2007
Revenues
There were no revenues from services for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The lack of revenue arose principally from our seeking to perform services for an ownership or royalty interest in projects or leaseholds rather than for a cash service fee. At June 30, 2008, we have been negotiating with several international mineral and oil companies to render services on a cash basis. In addition, we have been concentrating on seeking potential joint venture partners in exploiting our technology and other opportunities presented to us.
We anticipate that, during the next twelve months, if we achieve our capital raising goals of focusing on fee for service work, we will be actively engaged in joint ventures and internal resource projects. The purpose of focusing on internal resource projects is to generate reserves and to establish that the technology can increase the success rate in oil, gas and other mineral exploration projects. There can be no assurance that if we obtain the needed financing it will be successful in establishing the efficacy of our technology. We will also seek to find potential joint venture partners with whom the technology can be used to gain a participation interest in a project as well as fee for service revenue. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in finding such joint venture partners.
Until we negotiate and enter into definitive agreements for ownership or royalty interests as compensation, we have no basis for predicting when or how much revenue could be generated from such ownership or royalty interests, or from the exploitation of our land leases, if and when drilling is commenced. Negotiations in connection with ownership or royalty positions often take longer than the negotiations for fee for service arrangements.
Cost of Revenues
There were no costs associated with revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
Our cost of revenues consists primarily of payments to the Institute of Geoinformational Analysis of the Earth (“Institute”), a related foreign professional services firm that specializes in the development and application of remote sensing and geographic information technologies. The foreign professional services firm is a Lichtenstein corporation located in Moscow, Russia, owned and operated by our Chairman, Ivan Railyan. We anticipate that our costs of revenue will ordinarily be approximately 60% of such revenue. In connection with our own exploration and/or joint venture projects, our costs are based on a discount to the Institute’s published rates for services and are subject to negotiation.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $451,865 and $756,671, respectively. Because revenues were $0 for those periods, operating expenses as a percentage of revenues cannot be calculated.
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Operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2008 consisted primarily of professional fees of approximately $149,000, management salaries and benefits of $181,000, independent contractor fees of $15,000, and travel expenses of $16,000. Operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 consisted primarily of professional fees of approximately $383,000, licensing fees of $150,000, management salaries and benefits of approximately $72,000, and independent contractor fees of approximately $24,000. The majority of the professional fees result from legal and accounting fees, and from the engagement of various consultants to assist us in marketing our business.
Our operating expenses decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2008 in comparison to the three months ended June 30, 2007 because we have focused primarily on raising additional capital in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 and on the development of projects. This has decreased travel related expenses and professional fees.
The shift to providing services for royalties or ownership rights instead of solely for cash fees may act to increase our operating expenses significantly as a percentage of revenues, as revenues from royalties or ownership rights may take years to be realized.
If we are successful in raising new capital or generating substantial service projects, we would expect our operating expenses to increase as we would have the capital to engage in various oil and gas and mining exploration projects. The increase in operating expenses could result from the hiring of geologists and other oil and gas professionals to assist us in carrying out the farm-in aspect of our business strategy. Travel related expenses could increase in the future, as many of our customers, and prospective customers and projects, and the territories for which our services are requested or utilized, are located in western United States and in foreign countries. Further, if sufficient funding were available, we would contemplate opening a Houston office which would decrease travel related expenses but would increase office expenses significantly. Additionally, subject to financial resources, we would recommence payment of salaries to our employees.
Our employee compensation expenses may increase if we are successful in raising new capital. The increase could result from the hiring of geologists and other oil and gas professionals to assist the Company in carrying out the farm-in aspect of our business strategy. Travel related expenses could increase in the future, as many of our customers, and prospective customers and projects, and the territories for which our services are requested or utilized, are located in western United States and in foreign countries. Alternatively, if sufficient funding were available, we would contemplate opening a Houston office which would decrease travel and entertainment expenses but would increase office expenses significantly.
Interest Income
The net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $449 and $3, respectively.
Net Loss
The net losses for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $451,416 and $756,668, respectively. The decrease in net loss principally resulted from a decrease in operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007.
Our net loss per common share (basic and diluted) attributable to common shareholders was $0.01 for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2008
Compared to Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2007
Revenues
There were no revenues from services for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The lack of revenue arose principally from our seeking to perform services for an ownership or royalty interest in projects or leaseholds rather than for a cash service fee.
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Cost of Revenues
There were no costs associated with revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $853,969 (before the write-off of oil and gas properties) and $1,821,534, respectively. Because revenues were $0 for those periods, operating expenses as a percentage of revenues cannot be calculated.
Operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2008 consisted primarily of professional fees of approximately $434,000, management salaries and benefits of $213,000, independent contractor fees of $55,000, and travel expenses of $28,000. Operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 consisted primarily of professional fees of approximately $537,000, licensing fees of $300,000, management salaries and benefits of approximately $175,000, independent contractor fees of approximately $93,000, and stock option expense (employees) of approximately $24,000. The majority of the professional fees result from legal and accounting fees, and from the engagement of various consultants to assist us in marketing our business.
Our operating expenses decreased during the six months ended June 30, 2008 in comparison to the six months ended June 30, 2007 because we have focused primarily on raising additional capital in the first half of fiscal 2008 and on the development of projects. This has decreased travel related expenses and professional fees.
Write-off of Oil and Gas Properties
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we wrote-off an aggregate of $484,623 in soft development costs principally associated with the acquisition of the Bureau of Land Management land leases in Nevada of $1,662,571. A significant potion of these costs arose from previous payments to the Institute for its services.
Interest Expense
The net interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $10,080 and $713, respectively.
Net Loss
The net losses for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $864,049 (net of write-offs of oil and gas properties) and $1,492,284, respectively. The decrease in net loss principally resulted from a decrease in operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007.
Our net loss per common share (basic and diluted) attributable to common shareholders was $0.02 and $0.03 for the six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.
Non-operating Revenue
During the six months ended March 31, 2007, we received $329,963 relating to a cash call on the holder of the noncontrolling interest resulting from cost overruns on the Sage Well.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our primary sources of liquidity have been proceeds generated by the sale of our common stock, convertible debentures, and preferred stock to private investors, and sales of noncontrolling interests in limited partnerships. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, our cash decreased by $33,004 to $472,014. Of the decrease in cash, substantially all was used by operating activities.
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Operating Activities
Cash flows from operating activities resulted in deficit cash flows of $529,514 for the six months ended June 30, 2008, as compared with deficit cash flows of $1,707,181 for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, cash flows from operating activities resulted in deficit cash flows of $529,514 primarily due to a net loss of $1,348,672, plus non-cash charges of $763,057, an increase in liabilities of $178,920, and a decrease in accounts payable of $125,027. The most significant drivers behind the decrease in our non-cash working capital were charges for common stock issued for services of $101,250, charges for stock options issued to an officer of $138,238, and $484,623 in write-offs of oil and gas properties.
For the six months ended June 30, 2007, cash flows from operating activities resulted in deficit cash flows of $1,707,181 primarily due to a net loss of $1,492,284, plus non-cash charges of $210,865 and adjustments for a decrease in prepaid expenses of $47,313 and an increase in other assets of $23,950, a decrease in accounts payable of $449,125, and a decrease in accounts payable of $449,125.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $2,208 and $9,459, respectively, relating to an increase in oil and gas properties.
Depending on our available funds and other business needs, it is our intention to (i) engage in fee for service activities, (ii) engage in a farm-in strategy during the next twelve months in which we make small investments in the exploration projects of others, and (ii) to complete land acquisition relating to the West Deweyville Prospect and to farm-out such prospect. There is no assurance we will have the financing to pursue this strategy or if pursued that it will be successful in developing reserves of hydrocarbons.
Financing Activities
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, cash provided by financing activities was $498,888, comprised of a sale of preferred stock and warrants to an investor totaling $500,000, and repayment of a loan in the amount of $1,112. For the six months ended June 30, 2007, cash provided by financing activities was $670,816, comprised of a sale of common stock and warrants to an investor totaling $100,000, proceeds from noncontrolling interest in limited partnership of $329,963, and loans from related parties of $240,853.
Future Needs
Our management has concerns as to the ability of our company to continue as a going concern in the absence of raising additional equity capital, debt financing or obtaining significant new fee for service business. We believe that our available cash is inadequate to support our month-to-month obligations for the next twelve months. Establishing ownership or other interests in natural resource exploration projects will require significant capital resources.
Our current business plan for 2008 calls for us to farm-in to eight to twelve prospects and farm-out the West Deweyville Prospect we have been developing. This business plan calls on our company to raise $4 to $6 million dollars. If we are unable to raise such funding, we will not be able to act on this business plan. To the extent we raise a lesser amount, we will only be able to act on a portion of our business plan.
Pursuant to our licensing agreement and a services agreement with the Institute, we are required to pay the Institute minimum annual fees of at least $600,000. In December 2007, we entered into an agreement with the Institute, pursuant to which the annual license fees due in connection with calendar year were waived. Commencing in 2009, subject to certain financial criteria, the annual license fee is payable a rate of no more than $300,000 per year.
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The annual fees to the Institute represent a significant continuing obligation. In 2009 and future years, we intend to fund such payment obligations from revenues generated by operations or making alternative arrangements for payment. If our operating activities do not generate enough revenues to finance the minimum annual fees, we will need to use our available working capital to pay such minimum annual fees. If we lack sufficient working capital, we intend to fund such payment obligations in the future through proceeds from the sales of securities or debt or bank financing. Alternatively, we would seek to obtain a waiver or deferral of payment obligations from the Institute. In the event that we become unable to pay the minimum annual fees or to obtain a waiver or deferral of payment obligations from the Institute, we would be in default of our agreements with the Institute and our business will be irreparably impaired, as most of our mapping and analytic services are performed with the use of technology and services obtained from the Institute.
It is our intention to sell securities and incur debt when the terms of such transactions are deemed favorable to us and as necessary to fund our current and projected cash needs. While we have raised capital to meet our working capital and financing needs in the past, additional financing is required in order to meet our current and projected cash flow deficits from operations and development of oil and gas properties. We are seeking financing, which may take the form of equity, convertible debt or debt, in order to provide the necessary working capital. At June 30, 2008, we had no commitments for financing. We are in the process of discussions with several investment banks and venture capital funds to obtain bridge and long term debt or equity funding, but there is no guarantee that we will be successful in consummating any transaction.
There can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining such funding or, in the event it is successful, the terms of such funding will be on terms advantageous to us. Any additional equity financing may be dilutive to shareholders and such additional equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges that are senior to those of our existing authorized shares of common or preferred stock. Furthermore, debt financing, if available, will require payment of interest and may involve restrictive covenants that could impose limitations on our operating flexibility. However, if we are not successful in generating sufficient liquidity from operations or in raising sufficient capital resources, on terms acceptable to us, this will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, and we will have to delay our planned or proposed operations and development and continue to conduct activities on a limited scale.
AUDITOR’S OPINION EXPRESSES DOUBT ABOUT THE COMPANY’S ABILITY TO CONTINUE AS A “GOING CONCERN”
The reports of the independent registered public accounting firm on our December 31, 2007 and 2006 financial statements included in our Annual Reports for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 stated that our recurring losses from operations and net capital deficiency, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to raise new investment capital, we will have to discontinue operations or cease to exist, which would be detrimental to the value of our common and preferred stock. We can make no assurances that our business operations will develop and provide us with significant cash to continue operations.
We have a working capital deficiency as a result of our large operational losses. We have been and are seeking financing, which may take the form of equity, convertible debt or debt, in order to provide the necessary working capital. There is no guarantee that we will be successful in consummating a financing transaction. Further, in the event we obtain an offer of private or public funding, there is no assurance that such funding would be on terms favorable to us. The failure to obtain such funding will threaten our ability to continue as a going concern.
PLAN OF OPERATIONS
Addressing the Going Concern Issues
Our ability to continue as a going concern is subject to our ability to develop profitable operations, and, in the absence of revenues from operations, to our ability to raise additional equity or debt capital and to develop profitable operations. We are devoting substantially all of our efforts to developing our business and raising capital. We continue to experience net operating losses. During 2007 and the first half of 2008, we focused on restructuring our operations to reduce operating costs and in seeking capital.
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The primary issues management will focus on in the immediate future to address the going concern issues include: seeking institutional investors for debt or equity investments in our Company, and initiating negotiations to secure short term financing through promissory notes or other debt instruments on an as needed basis.
To improve our liquidity, our management is actively pursing additional financing through discussions with investment bankers, financial institutions and private investors. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our effort to secure additional financing.
In 2007 and the first half of 2008, we focused on obtaining additional investment capital to restart our service and exploration efforts, and to create case studies demonstrating the value of the STeP technology. We plan to continue such efforts during the next twelve months. We intend to demonstrate the value of our licensed technology by pursuing (i) a fee for service business model with exploration companies, which may include seeking royalties on the exploration project and (ii) a farm-in strategy of investing in drilling projects when our STeP technology concurs with the available seismic studies on the projects. Our goal is to demonstrate a success rate which is better than industry averages and thereby establish the value of our technology while generating hydrocarbon reserves and internally generating cash flow to support our cost of operations.
Our goal continues to be to enter into agreements whereby we provide our services, such as providing site locations and depth locations, to natural resource exploration companies in exchange for royalties or ownership rights, and fees, with regard to a specific natural resource exploration property. We may also seek to finance or otherwise participate in the efforts to recover natural resources from such properties. Our intent, in the event our cash flow permits, is to finish the land acquisition in connection with the West Deweyville Prospect and farm-out the project to obtain financing for the drilling program on this prospect.
While we have oil exploration experience, we need substantial additional capital to conduct oil exploration activities alone. We continue to seek joint ventures to develop our operations, including examining, drilling, operating and financing such activities. We will determine our plan for our existing leases and for future leases we acquire based on our ability to fund such projects.
Product Research and Development
Under our past business model, we do not anticipate incurring significant research and development expenditures during the next twelve months. We are changing our business model to focus on utilizing our licensed technology in connection with the acquisition of royalties, ownership rights or land rights for purposes of oil or mineral exploration, and such exploration may involve significant development expenditures.
Acquisition or Disposition of Plan and Equipment
We do not anticipate the sale of any significant property, plant or equipment during the next twelve months. Depending on our future business prospects and the growth of our business, and the need for additional employees, we may seek to lease new executive office facilities or to open another office location in Texas.
Acquisition of Oil and Gas Properties
We are seeking to raise $4 to $6 million to pursue development efforts during the next twelve months. We plan to use this money to complete development efforts of the West Deweyville Prospect and to engage in several farm-in projects.
Employees
As of June 30, 2008, we had five employees, including two paid officers and two unpaid officers. We also utilize the services of consultants in connection with certain projects. In 2007, we substantially reduced our payroll, ceasing to pay salaries to employees from March 2007 to December 2007 and reducing the number of employees. In January 2008, we began paying salaries to two of our officers, and in April 2008, we began paying salary to one non-officer employee.
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In July 2008, we hired a person to the position of President and principal financial officer. Our employment plans are uncertain given our working capital deficit and our inability to plan future development efforts until funding is achieved.
INFLATION
We do not expect inflation to have a significant impact on our business in the future.
SEASONALITY
We do not expect seasonal aspects to have a significant impact on our business in the future.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENT
To date, we do not maintain off-balance sheet arrangements nor do we participate in non-exchange traded contracts requiring fair value accounting treatment.
TRENDS, RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
We anticipate that high oil prices this year may cause natural resources exploration companies to conduct more drilling activities and investigate the potential of previously undiscovered oil reserves, and if oil prices remain high, we anticipate that our services will be in higher demand. However, that may create a short supply of drilling rigs and other equipment needed for exploration activities, which may drive up the costs of exploration activities.
RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Statement on Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework and gives guidance regarding the methods used for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13” (“FSP 157-1”) and FASB Staff Position 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157 to remove certain leasing transactions from its scope. FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2008 for all financial assets and liabilities as required. The adoption of SFAS 157 was not material to the Company’s financial statements or results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115,” (“SFAS 159”) which is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. SFAS 159 is an elective standard which permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates. Subsequent unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be reported in earnings. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities under SFAS 159.
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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 concludes that unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities, and thus, should be included in the two-class method of computing earnings per share (“EPS”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. Early application of EITF 03-6-1 is prohibited. It also requires that all prior-period EPS data be adjusted retrospectively. We have not yet determined the effect, if any, of the adoption of this statement on our financial condition or results of operations.
In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Statement on Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 163, “Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts - an interpretation of SFAS No. 60” (“SFAS 163”). SFAS 163 clarifies accounting standards applicable to financial guarantee insurance contracts and specifies certain disclosures. SFAS 163 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, except certain disclosures are effective for periods beginning after June 30, 2008. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. It is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” The adoption of this Statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP FAS 142-3”) which amends the factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“FAS No. 142”). FSP FAS 142-3 applies to intangible assets that are acquired individually or with a group of assets and intangible assets acquired in both business combinations and asset acquisitions. It removes a provision under FAS No. 142, requiring an entity to consider whether a contractual renewal or extension clause can be accomplished without substantial cost or material modifications of the existing terms and conditions associated with the asset. Instead, FSP FAS 142-3 requires that an entity consider its own experience in renewing similar arrangements. An entity would consider market participant assumptions regarding renewal if no such relevant experience exists. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for year ends beginning after December 15, 2008 with early adoption prohibited. We have not yet determined the effect, if any, of the adoption of this statement on our financial condition or results of operations.
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 gives financial statement users better information about an entity’s hedges by providing for qualitative disclosures about the objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative data about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative contracts, and details of credit-risk-related contingent features in their hedged positions. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008 with earlier application encouraged. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS 161 to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary and also amends certain consolidation procedures for consistency with SFAS 141R. Under SFAS 160, noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries (formerly known as “minority interests”) are reported in the consolidated statement of financial position as a separate component within shareholders’ equity. Net earnings and comprehensive income attributable to the controlling and noncontrolling interests are to be shown separately in the consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income. Any changes in ownership interests of a noncontrolling interest where the parent retains a controlling financial interest in the subsidiary are to be reported as equity transactions. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008 with earlier adoption prohibited. When adopted, SFAS 160 is to be applied prospectively at the beginning of the year, except that the presentation and disclosure requirements are to be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company has not yet determined the impact, if any, that SFAS No. 160 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). SFAS 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements of the original pronouncement requiring that the purchase method be used for all business combinations. SFAS 141(R) defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination, establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control and requires the acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest at their fair values as of the acquisition date. In addition, SFAS 141(R) requires expensing of acquisition-related and restructure-related costs, remeasurement of earn out provisions at fair value, measurement of equity securities issued for purchase at the date of close of the transaction and non-expensing of in-process research and development related intangibles. SFAS 141(R) is effective for the Company’s business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after July 1, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 141(R).
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period ended June 30, 2008. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in this report has been recorded, processed, summarized and reported, on a timely basis, as of the end of the period covered by this report, and that our disclosure controls and procedures are also effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2008 to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and fraud. Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Each of the issuance and sale of securities described below was deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering. No advertising or general solicitation was employed in offering the securities. All recipients either received adequate information about us or had access, through employment or other relationships, to such information.
On December 27, 2007, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with Esterna Ltd., a Cypriot limited company, for the sale of securities consisting of (i) 5,000,000 shares of the Company’s unregistered Series A preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), and (ii) warrants exercisable over a two-year period to purchase 20,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, for the aggregate purchase price of $1,000,000. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible, at the option of the holder without the payment of additional consideration, into one share of the Company’s common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $.25 per share for a period of one year, and thereafter until expiration the exercise price shall be $.30 per share. A closing for the purchase of 2,500,000 preferred shares and 10,000,000 warrants for $500,000 occurred on December 27, 2007. The Securities Purchase Agreement provided for a second closing for the purchase of the remainder of the securities, 2,500,000 preferred shares and 10,000,000 warrants, for an additional payment of $500,000, which occurred in April 2008.
On April 23, 2008, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Dmitry Vilbaum to serve as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President. In connection with the employment agreement, the Company granted to the executive stock options to purchase 3 million shares of the Company’s common stock, exercisable at $0.165 per share. Stock options to purchase 1,000,000 shares vested on April 23, 2008 and expire on April 22, 2011. Stock options to purchase an additional 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2009 and to expire on April 22, 2012. Stock options to purchase a further 1,000,000 shares are to vest on April 23, 2010 and to expire on April 22, 2013.
On May 19, 2008, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Elena Palgova, a legal consultant, pursuant to which, the Company issued the consultant 1,000,000 options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, exercisable, subject to vesting, for two years at $0.11 per share. The options are to vest between August 1, 2008 and May 1, 2009.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed with this report:
Exhibit | Description of Exhibit |
| |
10.1 | Employment Agreement with Dmitry Vilbaum (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K, filed on April 28, 2008) |
11* | Statement re: computation of per share earnings is hereby incorporated by reference to “Financial Statements” of Part I - Financial Information, Item 1 – Financial Statements, contained in this Form 10-Q. |
31.1* | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) |
31.2* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) |
32.1* | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |
32.2* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |
_____ * Filed herewith. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| TERRA ENERGY & RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. |
| |
Dated: August 18, 2008 | By: /s/ Dmitry Vilbaum |
| Dmitry Vilbaum |
| Chief Executive Officer |
| |
Dated: August 18, 2008 | By: /s/ Alexandre Agaian |
| Alexandre Agaian |
| Principal Financial Officer |
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