Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements ASC 820 established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy categorizes the inputs into three levels with the highest priority given to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority given to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives and listed equities. Equity securities that are also classified as cash equivalents are considered Level 1 if there are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as over-the-counter forwards and options. Level 3 - Pricing inputs include significant inputs that have little or no observability as of the reporting date. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management's best estimate of fair value. Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety in the appropriate fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company primarily determines fair value measurements classified as Level 2 or Level 3 using a combination of the income and market valuation approaches. The process of determining the fair values is the responsibility of the derivative accounting department which reports to the Controller and Principal Accounting Officer. Inputs used to estimate the fair value of forwards, swaps and options include market-price curves, contract terms and prices, credit-risk adjustments, and discount factors. Additionally, for options, the Black-Scholes option valuation model and implied market volatility curves are used. Inputs used to estimate fair value in industry-standard models are categorized as Level 2 inputs as substantially all assumptions and inputs are observable in active markets throughout the full term of the instruments. On a daily basis, the Company obtains quoted forward prices for the electric and natural gas markets from an independent external pricing service. For interest rate swaps, the Company obtains monthly market values from an independent external pricing service using London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) forward rates, which is a significant input. Some of the inputs of the interest rate swap valuations, which are less significant, include the credit standing of the counterparties, assumptions for time value and the impact of the Company's nonperformance risk of its liabilities. The Company classifies cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash as Level 1 financial instruments due to cash being at stated value, and cash equivalents at quoted market prices. The Company considers its electric, natural gas and interest rate swap contracts as Level 2 derivative instruments as such contracts are commonly traded as over-the-counter forwards with indirectly observable price quotes. However, certain energy derivative instruments with maturity dates falling outside the range of observable price quotes are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Management's assessment is based on the trading activity in real-time and forward electric and natural gas markets. Each quarter, the Company confirms the validity of pricing-service quoted prices used to value Level 2 commodity contracts with the actual prices of commodity contracts entered into during the most recent quarter. Assets and Liabilities with Estimated Fair Value The following table presents the carrying value for cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, notes receivable and short-term debt by fair value hierarchy level. The carrying values below are representative of fair values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. Carrying / Fair Value Carrying / Fair Value Puget Energy At June 30, 2016 At December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 19,019 $ — $ 19,019 $ 42,494 $ — $ 42,494 Restricted cash 10,128 — 10,128 7,949 — 7,949 Other investments — 51,874 51,874 — 52,820 52,820 Total assets $ 29,147 $ 51,874 $ 81,021 $ 50,443 $ 52,820 $ 103,263 Liabilities: Short-term debt $ 36,000 $ — $ 36,000 $ 159,004 $ — $ 159,004 Total liabilities $ 36,000 $ — $ 36,000 $ 159,004 $ — $ 159,004 Carrying / Fair Value Carrying / Fair Value Puget Sound Energy At June 30, 2016 At December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,578 $ — $ 18,578 $ 41,856 $ — $ 41,856 Restricted cash 10,128 — 10,128 7,949 — 7,949 Other investments — 51,874 51,874 — 52,820 52,820 Total assets $ 28,706 $ 51,874 $ 80,580 $ 49,805 $ 52,820 $ 102,625 Liabilities: Short-term debt $ 36,000 $ — $ 36,000 $ 159,004 $ — $ 159,004 Total liabilities $ 36,000 $ — $ 36,000 $ 159,004 $ — $ 159,004 The fair value of the junior subordinated and long-term notes was estimated using the discounted cash flow method with the U.S. Treasury yields and the Company's credit spreads as inputs, interpolating to the maturity date of each issue. Carrying values and estimated fair values were as follows: Puget Energy June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Liabilities: Junior subordinated notes 2 $ 250,000 $ 222,780 $ 250,000 $ 211,173 Long-term debt (fixed-rate), net of discount 1 2 5,084,578 6,817,865 5,077,518 6,308,831 Total liabilities $ 5,334,578 $ 7,040,645 $ 5,327,518 $ 6,520,004 Puget Sound Energy June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Liabilities: Junior subordinated notes 2 $ 250,000 $ 222,780 $ 250,000 $ 211,173 Long-term debt (fixed-rate), net of discount 2 2 3,495,835 4,766,386 3,494,362 4,329,444 Total liabilities $ 3,745,835 $ 4,989,166 $ 3,744,362 $ 4,540,617 _______________ 1 The carrying value includes debt issuances costs of $35.6 million , and $38.4 million for June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, which are not included in fair value. 2 The carrying value includes debt issuances costs of $28.6 million , and $30.0 million for June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, which are not included in fair value. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following tables present the Company's financial assets and liabilities by level, within the fair value hierarchy, that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis: Fair Value Fair Value Puget Energy At June 30, 2016 At December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Liabilities: Interest rate derivative instruments $ 3,181 $ — $ 3,181 $ 5,050 $ — $ 5,050 Total liabilities $ 3,181 $ — $ 3,181 $ 5,050 $ — $ 5,050 Puget Energy and Fair Value Fair Value Puget Sound Energy At June 30, 2016 At December 31, 2015 (Dollars in Thousands) Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Electric derivative instruments $ 24,411 $ 7,246 $ 31,657 $ 10,709 $ 12,734 $ 23,443 Natural gas derivative instruments 10,787 2,593 13,380 4,538 1,662 6,200 Total assets $ 35,198 $ 9,839 $ 45,037 $ 15,247 $ 14,396 $ 29,643 Liabilities: Electric derivative instruments $ 46,467 $ 10,308 $ 56,775 $ 92,027 $ 20,079 $ 112,106 Natural gas derivative instruments 24,243 3,077 27,320 63,045 4,045 67,090 Total liabilities $ 70,710 $ 13,385 $ 84,095 $ 155,072 $ 24,124 $ 179,196 The following table presents the Company's reconciliation of the changes in the fair value of Level 3 derivatives in the fair value hierarchy: Puget Energy and Puget Sound Energy Three Months Ended June 30, (Dollars in Thousands) 2016 2015 Level 3 Roll-Forward Net Asset/(Liability) Electric Natural Gas Total Electric Natural Gas Total Balance at beginning of period $ 1,602 $ (1,622 ) $ (20 ) $ (16,091 ) $ (1,601 ) $ (17,692 ) Changes during period: Realized and unrealized energy derivatives: Included in earnings 1 (1,954 ) — (1,954 ) (4,064 ) — (4,064 ) Included in regulatory assets / liabilities — 1,562 1,562 — 2,813 2,813 Settlements (494 ) (879 ) (1,373 ) 52 (389 ) (337 ) Transferred into Level 3 — — — — — — Transferred out of Level 3 (2,216 ) 455 (1,761 ) 4,733 — 4,733 Balance at end of period $ (3,062 ) $ (484 ) $ (3,546 ) $ (15,370 ) $ 823 $ (14,547 ) Puget Energy and Puget Sound Energy Six Months Ended (Dollars in Thousands) 2016 2015 Level 3 Roll-Forward Net Asset/(Liability) Electric Natural Gas Total Electric Natural Gas Total Balance at beginning of period $ (7,345 ) $ (2,383 ) $ (9,728 ) $ (12,061 ) $ (2,039 ) $ (14,100 ) Changes during period: Realized and unrealized energy derivatives: Included in earnings 2 2,654 — 2,654 (9,102 ) — (9,102 ) Included in regulatory assets / liabilities — 3,082 3,082 — 2,938 2,938 Settlements (554 ) (1,816 ) (2,370 ) 165 (298 ) (133 ) Transferred into Level 3 (2,080 ) — (2,080 ) (787 ) — (787 ) Transferred out of Level 3 4,263 633 4,896 6,415 222 6,637 Balance at end of period $ (3,062 ) $ (484 ) $ (3,546 ) $ (15,370 ) $ 823 $ (14,547 ) _______________ 1 Income Statement locations: Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments, net. Includes unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives still held in position as of the reporting date for electric derivatives of $(2.5) million and $(3.8) million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. 2 Income Statement locations: Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments, net. Includes unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives still held in position as of the reporting date for electric derivatives of $3.1 million and $(8.8) million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Realized gains and losses on energy derivatives for Level 3 recurring items are included in energy costs in the Company's consolidated statements of income under purchased electricity, electric generation fuel or purchased natural gas when settled. Unrealized gains and losses on energy derivatives for Level 3 recurring items are included in net unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments in the Company's consolidated statements of income. In order to determine which assets and liabilities are classified as Level 3, the Company receives market data from its independent external pricing service defining the tenor of observable market quotes. To the extent any of the Company's commodity contracts extend beyond what is considered observable as defined by its independent pricing service, the contracts are classified as Level 3. The actual tenor of what the independent pricing service defines as observable is subject to change depending on market conditions. Therefore, as the market changes, the same contract may be designated Level 3 one month and Level 2 the next, and vice versa. The changes of fair value classification into or out of Level 3 are recognized each month, and reported in the Level 3 Roll-Forward table above. The Company did not have any transfers between Level 2 and Level 1 during the reported periods. The Company does periodically transact at locations, or market price points, that are illiquid or for which no prices are available from the independent pricing service. In such circumstances, the Company uses a more liquid price point and performs a 15-month regression against the illiquid locations to serve as a proxy for forward market prices. Such transactions are classified as Level 3. The Company does not use internally developed models to make adjustments to significant unobservable pricing inputs. The only significant unobservable input into the fair value measurement of the Company's Level 3 assets and liabilities is the forward price for electric and natural gas contracts. The following table presents the forward price ranges for the Company's Level 3 commodity contracts as of June 30, 2016 : Fair Value Range (Dollars in Thousands) Assets 1 Liabilities 1 Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Low High Weighted Average Electric $ 7,246 $ 10,308 Discounted cash flow Power prices $12.72 per MWh $32.00 per MWh $27.99 per MWh Natural gas $ 2,593 $ 3,077 Discounted cash flow Natural gas prices $1.25 per MMBtu $3.46 per MMBtu $2.53 per MMBtu _______________ 1 The valuation techniques, unobservable inputs and ranges are the same for asset and liability positions. The following table presents the forward price ranges for the Company's Level 3 commodity contracts as of December 31, 2015 : Fair Value Range (Dollars in Thousands) Assets 1 Liabilities 1 Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Low High Weighted Average Electric $ 12,734 $ 20,079 Discounted cash flow Power prices $10.69 per MWh $29.18 per MWh $23.39 per MWh Natural gas $ 1,662 $ 4,045 Discounted cash flow Natural gas prices $1.12 per MMBtu $2.95 per MMBtu $2.25 per MMBtu _______________ 1 The valuation techniques, unobservable inputs and ranges are the same for asset and liability positions. The significant unobservable inputs listed above would have a direct impact on the fair values of the above instruments if they were adjusted. Consequently, significant increases or decreases in the forward prices of electricity or natural gas in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value for Level 3 assets and liabilities. Generally, interrelationships exist between market prices of natural gas and power. As such, an increase in natural gas pricing would potentially have a similar impact on forward power markets. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in market prices of natural gas and electricity would change the fair value of the Company's derivative portfolio, classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy, by $0.6 million and $1.3 million , respectively. Long-Lived Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis Puget Energy records the fair value of its intangible assets in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” (ASC 360). The fair value assigned to the power contracts was determined using an income approach comparing the contract rate to the market rate for power over the remaining period of the contracts incorporating non-performance risk. Management also incorporated certain assumptions related to quantities and market presentation that it believes market participants would make in the valuation. The fair value of the power contracts is amortized as the contracts settle. ASC 360 requires long-lived assets to be tested for impairment on an annual basis, and upon the occurrence of any events or circumstances that would be more likely than not to reduce the fair value of the long-lived assets below their carrying value. One such triggering event is a significant decrease in the forward market prices of power. At June 30, 2016 , Puget Energy completed valuation and impairment testing of its power purchase contracts classified as intangible assets and found no impairment. However, due to decreases in forward power prices of 8.6% at March 31, 2016 and 4.5% at December 31, 2015 , the following impairments were recorded to one of the Company's intangible asset contracts, with corresponding reductions to the regulatory liability as follows: Puget Energy (Dollars in Thousands) Valuation Date Contract Name Carrying Value Fair Value Write Down March 31, 2016 Wells Hydro $ 25,193 $ 19,855 $ 5,338 December 31, 2015 Wells Hydro 32,988 27,628 5,360 The valuations were measured using a discounted cash flow, income-based valuation methodology. Significant inputs included forward electricity prices and power contract pricing which provided future net cash flow estimates which are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. A less significant input is the discount rate reflective of PSE's cost of capital used in the valuation. Below are significant unobservable inputs used in estimating the impaired long-term power purchase contracts' fair value at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 : Valuation Date Unobservable Input Low High Average March 31, 2016 Power prices $9.46 per MWh $25.96 per MWh $21.38 per MWh Power contract costs (in thousands) $4,100 per qtr $4,659 per qtr $4,452 per qtr December 31, 2015 Power prices $15.16 per MWh $27.25 per MWh $23.23 per MWh Power contract costs (in thousands) $4,100 per qtr $4,659 per qtr $4,417 per qtr |