Revenue Recognition | Revenue The Company’s revenues consist of services and software and hardware sales. Revenues are recognized when control of these services or goods are transferred to clients, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods. For a description of the Company’s revenue recognition policy prior to January 1, 2018 under ASC Subtopic 985-605, Software – Revenue Recognition, ASC Subtopic 605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple-Element Arrangements , and ASC Section 605-10-S99 (Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13, Revenue Recognition ), refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The following discussion relates to the Company’s revenue recognition policy, effective January 1, 2018, under ASC Topic 606. Services Revenues Services revenues are primarily comprised of professional services that include developing, implementing, automating and extending business processes, technology infrastructure, and software applications. The Company’s professional services span multiple industries, platforms and solutions; however, the Company has remained relatively diversified and does not believe that it has significant revenue concentration within any single industry, platform or solution. Professional services revenues are recognized over time as services are rendered. Most projects are performed on a time and materials basis, while a portion of revenues is derived from projects performed on a fixed fee or fixed fee percent complete basis. For time and material contracts, revenues are generally recognized and invoiced by multiplying the number of hours expended in the performance of the contract by the billing rates established in the contract. For fixed fee contracts, revenues are generally recognized and invoiced by multiplying the fixed rate per time period established in the contract by the number of time periods elapsed. For fixed fee percent complete contracts, revenues are generally recognized using an input method based on the ratio of hours expended to total estimated hours, and the client is invoiced according to the agreed-upon schedule detailing the amount and timing of payments in the contract. Clients are typically billed monthly for services provided during that month, but can be billed on a more or less frequent basis as determined by the contract. If the time is worked and approved at the end of a fiscal period and the invoice has not yet been sent to the client, the amount is recorded as revenue once the Company verifies all other revenue recognition criteria have been met, and the amount is classified as a receivable as the right to consideration is unconditional at that point. Amounts invoiced and collected in excess of revenues recognized are contract liabilities, which are classified as deferred revenues in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The term between invoicing and payment due date is not significant. Contracts for professional services provide for a general right, to the client or the Company, to cancel or terminate the contract within a given period of time (generally 10 to 30 days’ notice is required). The client is responsible for any time and expenses incurred up to the date of cancellation or termination of the contract. Certain contracts may include volume discounts or holdbacks, which are accounted for as variable consideration under ASC Topic 606, but are not typically significant. The Company estimates variable consideration based on historical experience and forecasted sales and includes the variable consideration in the transaction price. Other services revenues are comprised of hosting fees, partner referral fees, maintenance agreements, training and internally developed software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) sales. Revenues from hosting fees, maintenance agreements, training and internally developed SaaS sales are generally recognized over time using a time-based measure of progress as services are rendered. Partner referral fees are recorded at a point in time upon meeting specified requirements set by each partner to earn the respective fee. On many professional service projects, the Company is also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses including travel and other project-related expenses. These reimbursements are included as a component of the transaction price of the respective professional services contract and are invoiced as the expenses are incurred. The Company structures its professional services arrangements to recover the cost of reimbursable expenses without a markup. Software and Hardware Revenues Software and hardware revenues are comprised of third-party software and hardware resales, in which the Company is considered the agent, and sales of internally developed software, in which the Company is considered the principal. Third-party software and hardware revenues are recognized and invoiced when the Company fulfills its obligation to arrange the sale, which occurs when the purchase order with the vendor is executed and the customer has access to the software or the hardware has been shipped to the customer. Internally developed software revenues are recognized and invoiced when control is transferred to the customer, which occurs when the software has been made available to the customer and the license term has commenced. Revenues from third-party software and hardware sales are recorded on a net basis, while revenues from internally developed software sales are recorded on a gross basis. There are no significant cancellation or termination-type provisions for the Company’s software and hardware sales, and the term between invoicing and payment due date is not significant. Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations Arrangements with clients may contain multiple promises such as delivery of software, hardware, professional services or post-contract support services. These promises are accounted for as separate performance obligations if they are distinct. For arrangements with clients that contain multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations based on estimated relative standalone selling price, which is estimated by the expected cost plus a margin approach, taking into consideration market conditions and competitive factors. Contract Costs In accordance with the terms of the Company’s sales commission plan, commissions are not earned until the related revenue is recognized. Therefore, sales commissions are expensed as they are incurred. Certain sales incentives are accrued based on achievement of specified bookings goals. For these incentives, the Company applies the practical expedient that allows the Company to expense the incentives as incurred, since the amortization period would have been one year or less. Deferred Revenue During the six months ended June 30, 2018 , $ 3.8 million was recognized in revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period. The changes in deferred revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 3,278 Impact of ASC Topic 606 adoption (offset to Accounts Receivable) 2,806 Opening balance at January 1, 2018 6,084 Deferral of revenue 6,418 Recognition of deferred revenue (7,127 ) Other (390 ) Balance at June 30, 2018 $ 4,985 Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations Due to the ability of the client or the Company to cancel or terminate the contract within a given period of time (generally 10 to 30 days’ notice is required), the majority of the Company’s contracts have a term of less than one year. Perficient does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original maturity date of one year or less or time and materials contracts for which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed. Revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations for remaining contracts as of June 30, 2018 was immaterial. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table presents revenue disaggregated by revenue source and pattern of revenue recognition (in thousands): Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 Over Time Point In Time Total Revenues Over Time Point In Time Total Revenues Time and materials contracts $ 84,884 $ — $ 84,884 $ 167,033 $ — $ 167,033 Fixed fee percent complete contracts 7,898 — 7,898 17,010 — 17,010 Fixed fee contracts 20,377 — 20,377 41,599 — 41,599 Reimbursable expenses 3,215 — 3,215 6,245 — 6,245 Total professional services fees 116,374 — 116,374 231,887 — 231,887 Other services revenue* 3,754 784 4,538 7,618 1,602 9,220 Total services 120,128 784 120,912 239,505 1,602 241,107 Software and hardware — 886 886 — 1,632 1,632 Total revenues $ 120,128 $ 1,670 $ 121,798 $ 239,505 $ 3,234 $ 242,739 * Other services revenue primarily consists of hosting fees, maintenance, training, internally developed SaaS and partner referral fees. The following table presents revenue disaggregated by geographic area, as determined by the billing address of customers (in thousands): Three Months Ended Six Months Ended United States $ 119,211 $ 236,739 Canada 739 2,110 Other countries 1,848 3,890 Total revenues $ 121,798 $ 242,739 |