MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") of financial results should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Financial Statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 of Pengrowth Energy Corporation ("Pengrowth" or the "Corporation"). This MD&A is based on information available to August 7, 2014.
Pengrowth’s second quarter and year to date results for 2014 are contained within this MD&A.
BUSINESS OF THE CORPORATION
Pengrowth is a Canadian resource company that is engaged in the production, development, exploration and acquisition of oil and natural gas assets.
FREQUENTLY RECURRING TERMS
Pengrowth uses the following frequently recurring industry terms in this MD&A: "bbls" refers to barrels, "bbl/d" refers to barrels per day, "Mbbls" refers to thousands of barrels, "boe" refers to barrels of oil equivalent, "boe/d" refers to barrels of oil equivalent per day, "Mboe" refers to thousand boe, "MMboe" refers to million boe, "Mcf" refers to thousand cubic feet, "Mcf/d" refers to thousand cubic feet per day, "MMcf" refers to million cubic feet, "Bcf" refers to billion cubic feet, "MMBtu" refers to million British thermal units, "MMBtu/d" refers to million British thermal units per day, "MW" refers to megawatt, "MWh" refers to megawatt hour, "WTI" refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil price, "WCS" refers to Western Canadian Select crude oil price, "AECO" refers to Alberta natural gas price point, "NYMEX" refers to New York Mercantile Exchange, "NGI Chicago" refers to Chicago natural gas price point and "AESO" refers to Alberta power price point. Bitumen is reported as heavy oil throughout this document. Disclosure provided herein in respect of a boe may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation. A boe conversion ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one barrel of crude oil equivalent is based on an energy equivalency conversion method primarily applicable at the burner tip and does not represent a value equivalency at the wellhead.
ADVISORY REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This MD&A contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of securities laws, including the "safe harbour" provisions of Canadian securities legislation and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking information is often, but not always, identified by the use of words such as "anticipate", "believe", "expect", "plan", "intend", "forecast", "target", "project", "guidance", "may", "will", "should", "could", "estimate", "predict" or similar words suggesting future outcomes or language suggesting an outlook. Forward-looking statements in this MD&A include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to: reserves, production, the proportion of production of each product type, production additions from Pengrowth's development program, royalty expenses, operating expenses, tax horizon, deferred income taxes, goodwill, Asset Retirement Obligations ("ARO"), taxability of dividends, remediation, reclamation and abandonment expenses, clean-up and remediation costs, capital expenditures, development activities, General and Administrative Expenses ("G&A") and proceeds from the disposal of properties. Statements relating to "reserves" are forward-looking statements, as they involve the implied assessment, based on certain estimates and assumptions that the reserves described exist in the quantities predicted or estimated and can profitably be produced in the future.
Forward-looking statements and information are based on Pengrowth's current beliefs as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, Pengrowth concerning general economic and financial market conditions, anticipated financial performance, business prospects, strategies, regulatory developments, including in respect of taxation, royalty rates and environmental protection, future capital expenditures and the timing thereof, future oil and natural gas commodity prices and differentials between light, medium and heavy oil prices, future oil and natural gas production levels, future exchange rates and interest rates, the amount of future cash dividends paid by Pengrowth, the cost of expanding our property holdings, our ability to obtain labour and equipment in a timely manner to carry out development activities, our ability to market our oil and natural gas successfully to current and new customers including transportation availability, the impact of increasing competition, our ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms and meet financial covenants, our ability to add production and reserves through our development, exploitation and exploration activities. Although management considers these assumptions to be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect.
By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, and risks that predictions, forecasts, projections and other forward-looking statements will not be achieved. We caution
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 1 |
readers not to place undue reliance on these statements as a number of important factors could cause the actual results to differ materially from the beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations and anticipations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to: the volatility of oil and gas prices; Canadian light and heavy oil differentials; production and development costs and capital expenditures; the imprecision of reserve estimates and estimates of recoverable quantities of oil, natural gas and liquids; Pengrowth's ability to replace and expand oil and gas reserves, ability to produce those reserves; production may be impacted by unforeseen events such as equipment and transportation failures and weather related issues; environmental claims and liabilities; incorrect assessments of value when making acquisitions; increases in debt service charges; the loss of key personnel; the marketability of production; defaults by third party operators; unforeseen title defects; fluctuations in foreign currency and exchange rates; inadequate insurance coverage; counterparty risk; compliance with environmental laws and regulations; changes in tax and royalty laws; Pengrowth's ability to access external sources of debt and equity capital; the implementation of new International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"); and the implementation of greenhouse gas emissions legislation. Further information regarding these factors may be found under the heading "Business Risks" herein and under "Risk Factors" in Pengrowth's most recent Annual Information Form ("AIF"), and in Pengrowth’s most recent audited Financial Statements, management information circular, quarterly reports, material change reports and news releases. Copies of Pengrowth’s Canadian public filings are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. Pengrowth’s U.S. public filings, including the most recent annual report form 40-F as supplemented by its filings on form 6-K, are available at www.sec.gov.
Pengrowth cautions that the foregoing list of factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive. When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to Pengrowth, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. Furthermore, the forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A are made as of the date of this MD&A and Pengrowth does not undertake any obligation to update publicly or to revise any of the included forward-looking statements, except as required by law. The forward-looking statements in this document are provided for the limited purpose of enabling current and potential investors to evaluate an investment in Pengrowth. Readers are cautioned that such statements may not be appropriate, and should not be used for other purposes.
The forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The unaudited Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with IFRS. Management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited Financial Statements and revenues and expenses for the period ended. Certain of these estimates may change from period to period resulting in a material impact on Pengrowth’s results. Pengrowth's ARO risk free discount rate changed from 3.25 percent to 3.0 percent during the first three months of 2014 due to a decrease in the 30 year Canadian Government long term bond rate which drives Pengrowth's estimate of the ARO discount rate. There were no other changes to Pengrowth's critical accounting estimates in the six months ended June 30, 2014. For more information refer to the December 31, 2013 annual report.
COMPARATIVE FIGURES
Certain comparative figures have been restated to conform to the current period presentation.
ADDITIONAL GAAP MEASURE
Funds Flow from Operations
Pengrowth uses funds flow from operations, a Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") measure that is not defined under IFRS. Management believes that in addition to cash provided by operations, funds flow from operations, as reported in the Statements of Cash Flow is a useful supplemental measure as it provides an indication of the funds generated by Pengrowth’s principal business activities prior to consideration of changes in working capital and remediation expenditures. Pengrowth considers this to be a key measure of performance as it demonstrates its ability to generate cash flow necessary to fund dividends and capital investments.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
This MD&A refers to certain financial measures that are not determined in accordance with IFRS. These measures do not have standardized meanings and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other oil and gas companies. Measures such as operating netbacks do not have standardized meanings prescribed by GAAP. See the section of this MD&A entitled Operating Netbacks for a discussion of the calculation.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 2 |
The current level of capital expenditures funded through retained cash flow, as compared to debt or equity, can be determined when it is compared to the difference in funds flow from operations and dividends paid as shown on the Statements of Cash Flow.
Management monitors Pengrowth’s capital structure using non-GAAP financial metrics. The two metrics are total debt to the trailing twelve months Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depletion, Depreciation, Amortization, Accretion, and other non-cash items ("Adjusted EBITDA") and total debt to total capitalization. Total debt is the sum of working capital and long term debt including convertible debentures as shown on the Balance Sheets, and total capitalization is the sum of total debt and shareholders’ equity.
Payout ratio and net payout ratio are terms used to evaluate financial flexibility and the capacity to fund dividends. Payout ratio is defined on a percentage basis as dividends declared divided by funds flow from operations. Net payout ratio is calculated as dividends declared net of proceeds from the Dividend Reinvestment Plan ("DRIP") divided by funds flow from operations. Management believes that, in addition to net income (loss), adjusted net income (loss) is a useful supplemental measure as it reflects the underlying performance of Pengrowth’s business activities by excluding the after tax effect of non-cash commodity, power and interest mark to market gains and losses, non-cash mark to market gains and losses on investments, unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses and gains on acquisitions, as applicable, that may significantly impact net income (loss) from period to period. Management believes that segregating G&A expenses into cash and non-cash expenses is useful to the reader, as non-cash expenses only affect net income (loss) but not funds flow from operations.
OPERATIONAL MEASURES
The reserves and production in this MD&A refer to company-interest reserves or production that is Pengrowth’s working interest share of production or reserves prior to the deduction of Crown and other royalties plus any Pengrowth-owned royalty interest in production or reserves at the wellhead, in accordance with Canadian industry practice. Company-interest is more fully described in the AIF.
When converting natural gas to equivalent barrels of oil within this MD&A, Pengrowth uses the industry standard of six Mcf to one boe. Barrels of oil equivalent may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation; a conversion ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one boe is based on an energy equivalency conversion and does not represent a value equivalency at the wellhead.
CURRENCY
All amounts are stated in Canadian dollars unless otherwise specified.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 3 |
2014 GUIDANCE
The following table provides a summary of full year 2014 Guidance and actual results for the six months ended June 30, 2014.
|
| | | |
| Actual |
| |
| Year to date Jun 30, 2014 |
| Full year 2014 Guidance |
Production (boe/d) | 74,459 |
| 71,000 - 73,000 |
Capital expenditures ($ millions) | 453.3 |
| 740 - 770 |
Royalty expense (% of sales) | 18.2 |
| 16 - 18 |
Operating expense ($/boe) (1) | 16.21 |
| 15.20 - 15.80 |
Cash G&A expense ($/boe) (1) | 3.15 |
| 3.15 - 3.25 (2) |
| |
(1) | Per boe estimates based on high and low ends of production Guidance. |
| |
(2) | Guidance is being updated from previous Guidance of $2.70/boe - $2.90/boe. |
Year to date 2014 average production of 74,459 boe/d exceeds 2014 Guidance driven by performance of the new Cardium development wells partly offset by third party capacity constraints at Pine Creek and downtime at Sable Island. Pengrowth continues to maintain full year production Guidance of 71,000 - 73,000 boe/d. This range incorporates additional minor light oil asset dispositions, which are expected to close in the second half of 2014, offset by Pengrowth’s Cardium development program.
Year to date 2014 capital expenditures amounted to $453.3 million, including $251.4 million invested at Lindbergh. Pengrowth's full year 2014 capital expenditures Guidance is $740 - $770 million.
Year to date 2014 royalty expense as a percentage of sales was at the higher end of 2014 Guidance mainly due to prior year Gas Cost Allowance ("GCA") adjustments. Full year 2014 royalty expense as a percentage of sales is expected to be within 2014 Guidance.
Year to date 2014 operating expense of $16.21/boe exceeds 2014 Guidance due to planned turnaround activities in the second quarter of 2014. Pengrowth anticipates full year 2014 operating expense to be within 2014 Guidance.
Year to date 2014 cash G&A expense per boe was above its previous 2014 Guidance primarily due to higher professional and personnel costs than forecast and, as a consequence, Pengrowth is revising its full year 2014 cash G&A expense Guidance from a range of $2.70/boe - $2.90/boe to a range of $3.15/boe - $3.25/boe.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions except per boe amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Production (boe/d) | 73,823 |
| 75,102 |
| 87,909 |
| 74,459 |
| 88,801 |
|
Capital expenditures | 219.6 |
| 233.7 |
| 113.9 |
| 453.3 |
| 279.9 |
|
Funds flow from operations | 121.4 |
| 139.5 |
| 146.0 |
| 260.9 |
| 293.5 |
|
Operating netback ($/boe) (1) | 23.86 |
| 29.71 |
| 24.44 |
| 26.79 |
| 24.61 |
|
Adjusted net loss | (24.8 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (37.1 | ) | (27.6 | ) | (38.3 | ) |
Net loss | (8.8 | ) | (116.2 | ) | (53.4 | ) | (125.0 | ) | (118.5 | ) |
| |
(1) | Including realized commodity risk management. |
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 4 |
Funds Flow from Operations
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions) | Q1/14 vs. Q2/14 | | % Change |
| | Q2/13 vs. Q2/14 | | % Change |
| | YTD 2013 vs. 2014 | | % Change |
|
Funds flow from operations for comparative period | Q1/14 | 139.5 |
| | | Q2/13 | 146.0 |
| | | YTD 2013 | 293.5 |
| |
Increase (decrease) due to: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Volume | | (3.0 | ) | (2 | ) | | | (69.1 | ) | (47 | ) | | | (138.6 | ) | (47 | ) |
Price including differentials | | (19.2 | ) | (14 | ) | | | 60.3 |
| 41 |
| | | 166.5 |
| 57 |
|
Realized commodity risk management | | (4.6 | ) | (3 | ) | | | (35.6 | ) | (24 | ) | | | (75.3 | ) | (26 | ) |
Other income including sulphur | | 0.1 |
| — |
| | | (0.7 | ) | — |
| | | (1.7 | ) | — |
|
Royalty expense | | (4.5 | ) | (3 | ) | | | (5.5 | ) | (4 | ) | | | (12.2 | ) | (4 | ) |
Expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating | | (10.5 | ) | (8 | ) | | | 15.3 |
| 10 |
| | | 29.2 |
| 10 |
|
Cash G&A | | 3.7 |
| 3 |
| | | 2.8 |
| 2 |
| | | 3.6 |
| 1 |
|
Interest & financing | | 1.5 |
| 1 |
| | | 4.6 |
| 3 |
| | | 9.4 |
| 3 |
|
Other expenses including transportation | | 18.4 |
| 13 |
| | | 3.3 |
| 2 |
| | | (13.5 | ) | (5 | ) |
Net change | | (18.1 | ) | (13 | ) | | | (24.6 | ) | (17 | ) | | | (32.6 | ) | (11 | ) |
Funds flow from operations | Q2/14 | 121.4 |
| | | Q2/14 | 121.4 |
| | | YTD 2014 | 260.9 |
| |
Second quarter of 2014 funds flow from operations decreased 13 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 mainly due to lower natural gas prices and an increase in operating costs, partly offset by the absence of the first quarter of 2014 clean-up and remediation costs.
Second quarter and year to date 2014 funds flow from operations decreased 17 percent and 11 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to a decrease in volumes, mainly from 2013 property dispositions, and higher realized commodity risk management losses partly offset by the effect of higher sales prices for all products and lower operating costs.
Net Loss
Pengrowth recorded a net loss of $8.8 million in the second quarter of 2014 representing a $107.4 million improvement compared to a net loss of $116.2 million in the first quarter of 2014.This change was a result of lower unrealized losses on commodity risk management and an unrealized foreign exchange gain in the current quarter versus a loss in the prior quarter partly offset by a decrease in funds flow from operations and a lower deferred income tax reduction. Second quarter of 2014 net loss of $8.8 million improved $44.6 million compared to a net loss of $53.4 million in the second quarter of 2013 resulting from an unrealized foreign exchange gain in the current quarter versus a loss in the second quarter of 2013 and lower DD&A partly offset by a decrease in funds flow from operations and an unrealized loss on commodity risk management in the current quarter versus a gain in the second quarter of 2013.
Year to date 2014 net loss of $125.0 million increased $6.5 million compared to a net loss of $118.5 million for the same period last year mainly due to higher unrealized losses on commodity risk management and a decrease in funds flow from operations partly offset by lower DD&A and lower unrealized foreign exchange losses.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 5 |
Adjusted Net Loss
Pengrowth reports adjusted net loss to remove the effect of unrealized gains and losses. The following table provides a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted net loss:
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Net loss | (8.8 | ) | (116.2 | ) | (53.4 | ) | (125.0 | ) | (118.5 | ) |
Exclude non-cash items in net loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on commodity, power and interest risk management | (12.6 | ) | (110.2 | ) | 31.8 |
| (122.8 | ) | (30.0 | ) |
Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) (1) | 29.1 |
| (35.6 | ) | (30.8 | ) | (6.5 | ) | (51.2 | ) |
Unrealized loss on investments | — |
| — |
| (15.0 | ) | — |
| (15.0 | ) |
Tax effect on non-cash items above | (0.5 | ) | 32.4 |
| (2.3 | ) | 31.9 |
| 16.0 |
|
Total excluded | 16.0 |
| (113.4 | ) | (16.3 | ) | (97.4 | ) | (80.2 | ) |
Adjusted net loss | (24.8 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (37.1 | ) | (27.6 | ) | (38.3 | ) |
| |
(1) | Net of associated foreign exchange risk management contracts. |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table represents a continuity of adjusted net loss: | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
($ millions) | Q1/14 vs. Q2/14 | | | Q2/13 vs. Q2/14 | | | YTD 2013 vs. 2014 | |
Adjusted net loss for comparative period | Q1/14 | (2.8 | ) | | Q2/13 | (37.1 | ) | | YTD 2013 | (38.3 | ) |
Funds flow from operations decrease | | (18.1 | ) | | | (24.6 | ) | | | (32.6 | ) |
DD&A and accretion expense (increase) decrease | | (0.5 | ) | | | 23.5 |
| | | 48.2 |
|
Loss on disposition (increase) decrease | | (4.6 | ) | | | 17.4 |
| | | (4.1 | ) |
Other | | (2.7 | ) | | | (1.6 | ) | | | (1.1 | ) |
Estimated tax reduction (increase) on above | | 3.9 |
| | | (2.4 | ) | | | 0.3 |
|
Net change | | (22.0 | ) | | | 12.3 |
| | | 10.7 |
|
Adjusted net loss | Q2/14 | (24.8 | ) | | Q2/14 | (24.8 | ) | | YTD 2014 | (27.6 | ) |
Second quarter of 2014 adjusted net loss increased $22.0 million compared to the first quarter of 2014 primarily due to a decrease in funds flow from operations. Second quarter of 2014 adjusted net loss decreased $12.3 million compared to the second quarter of 2013 primarily due to lower DD&A and lower losses on disposition of properties partly offset by a decrease in funds flow from operations.
Year to date 2014 adjusted net loss decreased $10.7 million compared to the same period in 2013 due to lower DD&A partly offset by a decrease in funds flow from operations.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 6 |
Price Sensitivity
The following table illustrates the sensitivity of funds flow from operations to changes in commodity prices after taking into account Pengrowth’s risk management contracts and outlook on oil differentials:
|
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Estimated Impact on 12 Month Funds Flow |
|
COMMODITY PRICE ENVIRONMENT (1) | | Assumption |
| Change |
| (Cdn$ millions) |
|
West Texas Intermediate Oil (2) (3) | U.S.$/bbl | $ | 97.74 |
| $ | 1.00 |
| |
Light oil | | | | 6.3 |
|
Heavy oil | | | | 3.9 |
|
Oil risk management (4) | | | | (9.6 | ) |
NGLs | | | | 2.5 |
|
Net impact of U.S.$1/bbl increase in WTI | | | | 3.1 |
|
Oil differentials (5) | | | | |
Light oil | U.S.$/bbl | $ | 7.95 |
| $ | 1.00 |
| (6.3 | ) |
Heavy oil | U.S.$/bbl | $ | 26.75 |
| $ | 1.00 |
| (3.9 | ) |
Net impact of U.S.$1/bbl increase in differentials | | | | (10.2 | ) |
AECO Natural Gas (2) (3) | Cdn$/Mcf | $ | 4.20 |
| $ | 0.10 |
| |
Natural gas | | | | 5.8 |
|
Natural gas risk management (4) | | | | (3.4 | ) |
Net impact of Cdn$0.10/Mcf increase in AECO | | | | 2.4 |
|
| |
(1) | Calculations are performed independently and are not indicative of actual results when multiple variables change at the same time. |
| |
(2) | Commodity price is based on an estimation of the 12 month forward price curve at July 29, 2014 and does not include the impact of risk management contracts. |
| |
(3) | The calculated impact on revenue/cash flow is only applicable within a limited range of the change indicated and is based on production guidance levels contained herein. |
| |
(4) | Includes risk management contracts as at July 29, 2014. |
| |
(5) | Includes a light oil differential of approximately 8% of WTI per bbl and a heavy oil differential of approximately 27% of WTI per bbl. |
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 7 |
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
All volumes, wells and spending amounts stated below reflect Pengrowth’s net working interest for both operated and non-operated properties unless otherwise stated.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Drilling, completions and facilities | | | | | |
Lindbergh | 124.1 |
| 127.3 |
| 38.7 |
| 251.4 |
| 76.5 |
|
Non-thermal | 73.4 |
| 86.7 |
| 58.3 |
| 160.1 |
| 164.3 |
|
Total drilling, completions and facilities | 197.5 |
| 214.0 |
| 97.0 |
| 411.5 |
| 240.8 |
|
Land & seismic acquisitions (1) | 0.5 |
| 4.5 |
| 0.3 |
| 5.0 |
| 1.9 |
|
Maintenance capital | 21.6 |
| 14.3 |
| 14.6 |
| 35.9 |
| 35.7 |
|
Development capital | 219.6 |
| 232.8 |
| 111.9 |
| 452.4 |
| 278.4 |
|
Other capital | — |
| 0.9 |
| 2.0 |
| 0.9 |
| 1.5 |
|
Capital expenditures | 219.6 |
| 233.7 |
| 113.9 |
| 453.3 |
| 279.9 |
|
| |
(1) | Seismic acquisitions are net of seismic sales revenue. |
Second quarter of 2014 capital expenditures were $219.6 million following the strategy of selecting and executing projects that maximize cash flow and provide the highest rates of return while continuing to invest in the first commercial phase of the Lindbergh thermal project. Approximately 90 percent of the second quarter 2014 capital expenditures were invested in drilling, completions and facilities, with the remaining 10 percent spent on maintenance, land and seismic. Year to date 2014 capital spending amounted to $453.3 million, of which approximately 91 percent was invested in drilling, completions and facilities with the remaining 9 percent invested in maintenance, land, seismic and other capital.
Pengrowth invested 57 percent of the second quarter 2014 capital expenditures in the Lindbergh commercial project including the drilling of 18 wells (6 horizontal producers and 12 horizontal injectors). Pengrowth also participated in the drilling of 28 (20.7 net) non-thermal wells in other areas, all of which were successful.
Focus Areas
Lindbergh
Pengrowth’s 100 percent owned and operated Lindbergh thermal project is located in the Cold Lake area of Alberta and encompasses 42.5 sections of land. Cost advantages of the Lindbergh resource include enhanced bitumen quality and flow characteristics which result in higher netbacks compared to typical thermal projects. A two well pair pilot project at Lindbergh was brought on stream in February 2012 and the results continue to exceed type curve expectations. The 12,500 bbl/d first commercial phase of Lindbergh was sanctioned by Pengrowth’s Board of Directors in January 2013 and Alberta Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act approval was received for the first commercial phase in July 2013.
During the second quarter of 2014, $124.1 million was invested at Lindbergh. Capital costs for the first commercial phase are anticipated to be approximately $630 million. The project remains on track for commissioning and first steam in the fourth quarter of 2014.
Civil, mechanical, electrical and building construction continued for the first 12,500 bbl/d commercial phase, during the second quarter of 2014, and is progressing as planned. Central processing, surface pipeline and well-pad facilities assembly is ongoing, all major equipment has been set in place and central processing facility structures are nearing completion. Pengrowth has completed the planned drilling program for 2014 at Lindbergh.
Lindbergh is expected to provide Pengrowth with the potential to develop annual production of up to 50,000 bbl/d of bitumen within five years. This is expected to be strong netback production, with low decline rates, long reserve life and low sustaining capital requirements, resulting in a sustainable total return model that supports growth in cash flow per share and the ability to fund an attractive dividend.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 8 |
Operations at the pilot project continued to show strong results during the second quarter of 2014 with combined field production from the two well pairs averaging approximately 1,640 bbl/d of bitumen. The average Instantaneous Steam Oil Ratio ("ISOR") for the second quarter of 2014 was 2.4. Since steaming commenced in February 2012, cumulative production from the two well pairs has exceeded 1.3 million bbls of bitumen by June 30, 2014 with a Cumulative Steam Oil Ratio ("CSOR") of 2.0. After two years of higher than expected production rates and reserves recovered to date, the pilot well pairs are expected to continue their natural decline in 2014 and, as expected, the ISOR will start to increase.
The Environmental Impact Assessment ("EIA") application for the Lindbergh expansion to 30,000 bbl/d was submitted to the regulators in December 2013.
In preparation for the anticipated Lindbergh production growth, Pengrowth has entered into a transportation agreement with Husky Energy for delivery of production from the initial commercial phase of Lindbergh to Hardisty, Alberta, with options to nominate future volumes as Lindbergh expands. Pengrowth will retain maximum flexibility in regards to transportation options at Lindbergh by utilizing both rail and pipeline to move production to markets and maximize netbacks.
Non-Thermal Oil and Gas
Pengrowth’s significant non-thermal oil and gas portfolio includes a large contiguous land base in the Greater Olds/Garrington area encompassing over 500 gross (250 net) sections of land with stacked opportunities in the Cardium, Viking and Mannville sands as well as in the Mississippian carbonate section. An extensive gathering and processing infrastructure provides an efficient platform for continued development in this area. Pengrowth also controls large light oil accumulations in the Swan Hills area of northern Alberta providing ongoing development projects with low decline production and strong cash flow.
During the second quarter of 2014, Pengrowth achieved strong drilling and completion results with 16 (10.4 net) wells drilled in the Cardium formation with 100 percent success. Based on initial test data and early production results, the Cardium wells appear to be meeting or exceeding type curve expectations.
The second quarter of 2014 development program was also executed at Caroline and Garrington in the Elkton and Ellerslie formations, as well at Jenner in the Glauconitic and Lloydminster formations with 12 (10.3 net) wells being drilled with 100 percent success.
PRODUCTION
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
Daily production | Jun 30, 2014 |
| % of total | Mar 31, 2014 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2013 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2014 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2013 |
| % of total |
Light oil (bbls) | 21,780 |
| 30 | 22,444 |
| 30 | 28,302 |
| 32 | 22,110 |
| 30 | 29,364 |
| 33 |
Heavy oil (bbls) | 8,203 |
| 11 | 8,255 |
| 11 | 8,523 |
| 10 | 8,229 |
| 11 | 8,116 |
| 9 |
Natural gas liquids (bbls) | 11,008 |
| 15 | 10,751 |
| 14 | 10,867 |
| 12 | 10,881 |
| 15 | 10,795 |
| 12 |
Natural gas (Mcf) | 196,989 |
| 44 | 201,907 |
| 45 | 241,307 |
| 46 | 199,435 |
| 44 | 243,153 |
| 46 |
Total boe per day | 73,823 |
|
| 75,102 |
|
| 87,909 |
| | 74,459 |
| | 88,801 |
| |
Second quarter of 2014 average daily production decreased 2 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 mainly due to lower light oil and natural gas production resulting from planned turnaround activity and natural gas declines. Second quarter and year to date 2014 production decreased 16 percent compared to the same periods last year due to 2013 property dispositions and natural gas production declines, partly offset by production additions from the Cardium development program.
Light Oil
Second quarter of 2014 light oil production decreased 3 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to planned downtime and the effect of minor property dispositions, partly offset by increased production from the Cardium development. Second quarter and year to date 2014 light oil production decreased 23 percent and 25 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to the 2013 dispositions partly offset by the Cardium development program.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 9 |
Heavy Oil
Second quarter of 2014 heavy oil production decreased 1 percent and 4 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 and second quarter of 2013, respectively, due to minor natural declines at the Lindbergh pilot project partly offset by increased production at Bodo following well servicing in the first quarter of 2014. Year to date 2014 heavy oil production increased 1 percent compared to the same period last year due to new production from development drilling at Jenner and higher production from the Bodo area more than offsetting minor natural declines at the Lindbergh pilot project.
NGLs
Second quarter of 2014 NGL production increased 2 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 mainly due to the second quarter of 2014 Sable Island condensate shipment and production from the Cardium development program. Second quarter and year to date 2014 NGL production increased 1 percent compared to the same periods last year also due to the second quarter of 2014 Sable Island condensate shipment and new Cardium production partly offset by 2013 dispositions and natural declines.
Natural Gas
Second quarter of 2014 natural gas production decreased 2 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 as a result of turnaround activity. Second quarter and year to date 2014 natural gas production decreased 18 percent compared to the same periods last year as a result of 2013 property dispositions coupled with increased turnaround activity and natural declines as capital investment continues to be directed primarily to oil development programs.
COMMODITY PRICES
Oil and Liquids Prices Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
(Cdn$/bbl) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Average Benchmark Prices | | | | | |
WTI oil | 112.29 |
| 108.36 |
| 96.09 |
| 110.57 |
| 96.18 |
|
Edmonton par light oil | 105.62 |
| 99.30 |
| 93.14 |
| 102.64 |
| 90.91 |
|
WCS heavy oil | 90.46 |
| 82.89 |
| 76.53 |
| 86.81 |
| 72.84 |
|
Average Differentials to WTI | | | | | |
Edmonton par | (6.67 | ) | (9.06 | ) | (2.95 | ) | (7.93 | ) | (5.27 | ) |
WCS heavy oil | (21.83 | ) | (25.47 | ) | (19.56 | ) | (23.76 | ) | (23.34 | ) |
Average Sales Prices | | | | | |
Light oil | 102.37 |
| 97.03 |
| 89.73 |
| 99.68 |
| 86.83 |
|
Heavy oil | 84.00 |
| 77.12 |
| 69.24 |
| 80.57 |
| 60.25 |
|
Natural gas liquids | 55.70 |
| 59.12 |
| 49.15 |
| 57.38 |
| 52.87 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 WTI crude oil price averaged Cdn$112.29/bbl, an increase of 4 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 and 17 percent compared to the second quarter of 2013. Year to date 2014 WTI crude oil price averaged Cdn$110.57/bbl, an increase of 15 percent compared to the same period in 2013.
The discount for Canadian light oil versus WTI narrowed by 26 percent to $6.67/bbl in the second quarter of 2014 compared to the first quarter of 2014. However, compared to the second quarter of 2013, the differential expanded by 126 percent. Year to date 2014 light oil differentials increased 50 percent to $7.93/bbl compared to the same period in 2013 while the heavy oil differentials were essentially unchanged. Location and quality differentials, growing U.S. crude oil production as well as transportation bottlenecks are the primary drivers behind the price discount. When differentials widen significantly, Pengrowth takes proactive steps to improve realizations, including transporting some crude oil by rail.
Second quarter of 2014 light oil sales price of $102.37/bbl increased 6 percent and 14 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 and second quarter of 2013, respectively, as a result of an increase in the Edmonton par light oil benchmark. Year to date 2014 light oil sales price increased 15 percent to $99.68/bbl compared to the same period in 2013 due to higher benchmark prices partly offset by the widening of price differentials.
Second quarter of 2014 heavy oil sales price of $84.00/bbl increased 9 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to the increase in the benchmark oil prices and a narrowing of the heavy oil differential during the second quarter
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 10 |
of 2014. Second quarter and year to date 2014 heavy oil sales prices increased 21 percent and 34 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to higher benchmark oil prices.
Second quarter of 2014 NGL sales price of $55.70/bbl decreased 6 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to lower propane and butane prices, partly offset by a Sable Island condensate shipment in June of 2014. Also contributing to the decrease were higher ethane sales volumes at Judy Creek, which sell for a discount to other NGLs. The second quarter and year to date 2014 NGL sales prices increased 13 percent and 9 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, in response to the higher benchmark prices in 2014.
Natural Gas Price Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
(Cdn$) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Average Benchmark Prices | | | | | |
NYMEX gas (per MMBtu) | 4.99 |
| 5.19 |
| 4.10 |
| 5.10 |
| 3.84 |
|
AECO monthly gas (per MMBtu) | 4.69 |
| 4.76 |
| 3.59 |
| 4.73 |
| 3.34 |
|
Average Differential to NYMEX | | | | | |
AECO differential (per MMBtu) | (0.30 | ) | (0.43 | ) | (0.51 | ) | (0.37 | ) | (0.50 | ) |
Average Sales Price | | | | | |
Natural gas (per Mcf) (1) | 4.59 |
| 6.35 |
| 3.60 |
| 5.47 |
| 3.37 |
|
| |
(1) | Average sales prices are recorded in Mcf to reflect the volumetric reporting standard for Pengrowth's natural gas. |
The NYMEX natural gas benchmark price declined 4 percent in the second quarter of 2014 to Cdn$4.99/MMBtu compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to a decline in natural gas demand across much of North America. Second quarter and year to date 2014 NYMEX prices increased 22 percent and 33 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, driven by the effects of a colder than normal winter and continued low natural gas storage numbers in the key consuming regions of North America.
Similar to the NYMEX benchmark, AECO gas prices also remained robust during the second quarter of 2014, declining only 1 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 to $4.69/MMBtu. Narrowing of the basis spread between NYMEX and AECO resulted in a lower decline in AECO prices. Second quarter and year to date 2014 AECO prices increased 31 percent and 42 percent compared to the same periods last year due to higher benchmark prices and a narrowing of the basis spread between AECO and NYMEX.
Second quarter of 2014 natural gas sales price of $4.59/Mcf decreased 28 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to the decrease in the natural gas benchmarks. Second quarter and year to date 2014 natural gas sales prices increased 28 percent and 62 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to higher natural gas benchmark prices.
Total Average Sales Prices Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($/boe) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Average sales price | 60.08 |
| 63.00 |
| 51.55 |
| 61.54 |
| 49.87 |
|
Other production income including sulphur | 0.52 |
| 0.50 |
| 0.53 |
| 0.51 |
| 0.53 |
|
Total oil and gas sales | 60.60 |
| 63.50 |
| 52.08 |
| 62.05 |
| 50.40 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 average sales price decreased 5 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to lower natural gas and NGL pricing offset by higher prices for light and heavy oil. Second quarter and year to date 2014 average sales prices increased 17 percent and 23 percent compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to higher sales prices for all products.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 11 |
Commodity Risk Management Gains (Losses)
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions except per unit amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Realized | | | | | |
Oil | (37.3 | ) | (29.6 | ) | (6.9 | ) | (66.9 | ) | (11.7 | ) |
$/bbl (1) | (13.67 | ) | (10.71 | ) | (2.06 | ) | (12.18 | ) | (1.72 | ) |
Natural gas | (9.6 | ) | (12.7 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (22.3 | ) | (2.2 | ) |
$/Mcf | (0.54 | ) | (0.70 | ) | (0.20 | ) | (0.62 | ) | (0.05 | ) |
Total realized loss | (46.9 | ) | (42.3 | ) | (11.3 | ) | (89.2 | ) | (13.9 | ) |
$/boe | (6.98 | ) | (6.26 | ) | (1.41 | ) | (6.62 | ) | (0.87 | ) |
Unrealized | | | | | |
Unrealized commodity risk management liabilities at period end | (205.8 | ) | (192.2 | ) | (23.0 | ) | (205.8 | ) | (23.0 | ) |
Less: Unrealized commodity risk management assets (liabilities) at beginning of period | (192.2 | ) | (80.0 | ) | (54.8 | ) | (80.0 | ) | 7.0 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on commodity risk management contracts for the period | (13.6 | ) | (112.2 | ) | 31.8 |
| (125.8 | ) | (30.0 | ) |
| |
(1) | Includes light and heavy oil. |
Pengrowth has an active commodity risk management program which primarily uses forward price swaps to manage the exposure to commodity price fluctuations and provide a measure of stability to cash flow in order to maintain its dividend and ensure capital expenditures are funded, including Lindbergh. Changes in the business environment are regularly monitored by management and the Board of Directors to ensure that Pengrowth's active risk management program is adequate and aligned with the long term strategic goals of the Corporation. Managing cash flow is of particular importance in 2014 as significant cash is required to complete the first commercial phase of Lindbergh. In addition to forward price swaps and puts, Pengrowth also engages in oil price differential swaps using a combination of financial and physical contracts.
Realized gains and losses vary from period to period and are a function of the volumes under risk management contracts, the fixed prices of those risk management contracts and the benchmark pricing for the commodities under risk management contracts. Realized losses result when the average fixed risk management contracted price is lower than the benchmarks, while realized gains are recorded when the average fixed risk management contracted price is higher than the benchmarks at settlement. Realized gains and losses are settled monthly.
Second quarter and year to date 2014 realized oil commodity risk management losses were higher relative to all comparative periods in response to the WTI oil price increasing, particularly in Canadian dollar terms, relative to Pengrowth's average contracted price. Second quarter of 2014 realized natural gas commodity risk management losses decreased compared to the first quarter of 2014 in response to a decline in the natural gas benchmarks relative to Pengrowth's average contracted price. In contrast, the second quarter and year to date 2014 realized natural gas commodity risk management losses increased compared to the same periods last year due to a rise in the benchmarks.
Unrealized gains and losses also vary period to period and are a function of the volumes under risk management contracts, the fixed prices of those risk management contracts and the forward curve pricing for the commodities under risk management contracts at the end of the period. Unrealized losses result when the forward price curve moves higher than the fixed price, with the magnitude of the loss being proportional to the movement in the forward price curve while unrealized gains result when the forward price curve moves lower than the fixed price, with the magnitude of the gain being proportional to the movement in the forward price curve.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 12 |
Forward Contracts - Commodity and Power Risk Management
The following table provides a summary of the fixed prices of the commodity and power risk management contracts in place at June 30, 2014 (see Note 12 to the unaudited Financial Statements for more information on Pengrowth's risk management contracts):
|
| | | | |
Crude Oil Swaps and Puts | | | | |
Reference point | Volume (bbl/d) | Remaining term | % of total oil production Guidance (1) | Price/bbl ($Cdn) |
WTI | 23,000 | Jul 1, 2014 - Dec 31, 2014 | 77% | 94.51 |
WTI | 26,000 | 2015 | 63% | 93.99 |
WTI | 14,109 | 2016 | 31% | 95.12 |
Natural Gas Swaps and Puts | | | | |
Reference point | Volume (MMBtu/d) | Remaining term | % natural gas production Guidance | Price/MMBtu ($Cdn) |
AECO & NGI Chicago Index | 118,738 | Jul 1, 2014 - Dec 31, 2014 | 59% | 3.81 |
AECO & NGI Chicago Index | 83,909 | 2015 | 47% | 3.85 |
AECO | 26,634 | 2016 | 17% | 3.83 |
AECO | 7,109 | 2017 | 5% | 4.22 |
Power | | | | |
Reference point | Volume (MW) | Remaining term | % of estimated power purchases | Price/MWh ($Cdn) |
AESO | 55 | Jul 1, 2014 - Dec 31, 2014 | 78% | 55.63 |
AESO | 40 | 2015 | 79% | 49.53 |
AESO | 10 | 2016 | 15% | 50.00 |
| |
(1) | Includes light and heavy crude oil. After the successful 2013 divestment program, oil risk management contracts represent over 65 percent of 2014 production Guidance for remaining 2014. Pengrowth's Board of Directors has approved the retention of the risk management contracts already in place. |
In addition to the above table, Pengrowth has financial and physical contracts to manage oil price differentials. See Note 12 to the unaudited Financial Statements for more information.
Commodity Price Sensitivity |
| | | | | | |
Oil | Cdn$1/bbl change in future oil prices |
Commodity price sensitivity as at | June 30, 2014 |
| June 30, 2013 |
|
Unrealized pre-tax gain or loss on oil swap contracts | $ | 18.4 |
| $ | 14.5 |
|
| | |
Natural gas | Cdn$0.25/MMBtu change in future natural gas prices |
Commodity price sensitivity as at | June 30, 2014 |
| June 30, 2013 |
|
Unrealized pre-tax gain or loss on natural gas swap contracts | $ | 15.8 |
| $ | 17.0 |
|
The changes in fair value of the forward risk management contracts directly affect reported net income (loss) through the unrealized amounts recorded in the Statements of Income (Loss) during the period. The effect on cash flow will be recognized separately only upon settlement of the risk management contracts, which could vary significantly from the unrealized amount recorded due to timing and prices when each contract is settled.
If each commodity risk management contract were to have settled at June 30, 2014, revenue and cash flow would have been $205.8 million lower than if the risk management contracts were not in place based on the estimated fair value of the risk management contracts at period end. The $205.8 million is composed of liabilities of $142.4 million relating to risk management contracts expiring within one year and liabilities of $63.4 million relating to risk management contracts expiring beyond one year.
Each Cdn$1/MWh change in future power prices would result in approximately a $0.7 million pre-tax change in the fair value of the risk management contracts outstanding as at June 30, 2014.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 13 |
Pengrowth has not designated any outstanding commodity risk management contracts as hedges for accounting purposes and therefore records these risk management contracts on the Balance Sheets at their fair value and recognizes changes in fair value on the Statements of Income (Loss) as unrealized commodity risk management gains (losses). The volatility in net income (loss) will continue to the extent that the fair value of the commodity risk management contracts fluctuates. However, these non-cash amounts do not affect Pengrowth’s cash flow until realized.
Realized commodity risk management gains (losses) on crude oil and natural gas contracts are recorded separately on the Statements of Income (Loss) and impact cash flow at that time. Realized risk management gains (losses) on power contracts are recorded in operating expenses and the unrealized amounts are recorded in other (income) expense.
In accordance with policies approved by its Board of Directors, Pengrowth may sell forward its production and purchase risk management contracts by product volume or power purchases as follows:
|
| | |
Forward Period | Percent of Estimated Production | Percent of Estimated Power Purchases |
1 - 24 Months | Up to 65% | Up to 80% |
25 - 36 Months | Up to 30% | Up to 50% |
37 - 60 Months | Up to 25% | Up to 25% |
In addition to the above table, Pengrowth's Board of Directors approved a one time risk management policy enhancement in order to stabilize cash flows throughout 2015 and 2016. Under this one time policy change, notwithstanding the 25-36 month forward period, Pengrowth can enter into risk management contracts up to 50 percent of its production until the end of 2016. After the successful 2013 divestment program, oil risk management contracts represent over 65 percent of 2014 production Guidance for remaining 2014. Pengrowth's Board of Directors has approved the retention of the risk management contracts already in place.
OIL AND GAS SALES EXCLUDING REALIZED COMMODITY RISK MANAGEMENT
Contribution Analysis
The following table shows the contribution of each product category to the overall sales:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions except percentages) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| % of total | Mar 31, 2014 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2013 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2014 |
| % of total | Jun 30, 2013 |
| % of total |
Light oil | 202.9 |
| 50 | 196.0 |
| 46 | 231.1 |
| 55 | 398.9 |
| 48 | 461.5 |
| 57 |
Heavy oil | 62.7 |
| 15 | 57.3 |
| 13 | 53.7 |
| 13 | 120.0 |
| 14 | 88.5 |
| 11 |
Natural gas liquids | 55.8 |
| 14 | 57.2 |
| 13 | 48.6 |
| 12 | 113.0 |
| 13 | 103.3 |
| 13 |
Natural gas | 82.2 |
| 20 | 115.3 |
| 27 | 79.0 |
| 19 | 197.5 |
| 24 | 148.2 |
| 18 |
Other income including sulphur | 3.5 |
| 1 | 3.4 |
| 1 | 4.2 |
| 1 | 6.9 |
| 1 | 8.6 |
| 1 |
Total oil and gas sales (1) | 407.1 |
|
| 429.2 |
|
| 416.6 |
|
| 836.3 |
| | 810.1 |
|
|
| |
(1) | Excluding realized commodity risk management. |
Price and Volume Analysis
Quarter ended June 30, 2014 versus Quarter ended March 31, 2014
The following table illustrates the effect of changes in prices and volumes on the components of oil and gas sales:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions) | Light oil |
| Heavy oil |
| NGLs |
| Natural gas |
| Other (2) |
| Total |
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2014 (1) | 196.0 |
| 57.3 |
| 57.2 |
| 115.3 |
| 3.4 |
| 429.2 |
|
Effect of change in product prices and differentials | 10.6 |
| 5.1 |
| (3.4 | ) | (31.5 | ) | — |
| (19.2 | ) |
Effect of change in sales volumes | (3.7 | ) | 0.3 |
| 2.0 |
| (1.6 | ) | — |
| (3.0 | ) |
Other | — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 0.1 |
| 0.1 |
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2014 (1) | 202.9 |
| 62.7 |
| 55.8 |
| 82.2 |
| 3.5 |
| 407.1 |
|
| |
(1) | Excluding realized commodity risk management. |
| |
(2) | Primarily sulphur sales. |
Light oil sales increased 4 percent in the second quarter of 2014 compared to the first quarter of 2014 resulting from an increase in the Edmonton par light oil benchmark partly offset by lower sales volumes from minor downtime and
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 14 |
property dispositions. Heavy oil sales increased 9 percent in response to in an increase in the WCS benchmark. NGL sales decreased 2 percent due to lower propane and butane prices partly offset by the impact of the June 2014 Sable Island condensate shipment. Natural gas sales decreased 29 percent due to lower natural gas benchmark prices in addition to lower sales volumes due to turnaround activity and natural production declines.
Quarter ended June 30, 2014 versus Quarter ended June 30, 2013
The following table illustrates the effect of changes in prices and volumes on the components of oil and gas sales:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions) | Light oil |
| Heavy oil |
| NGLs |
| Natural gas |
| Other (2) |
| Total |
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2013 (1) | 231.1 |
| 53.7 |
| 48.6 |
| 79.0 |
| 4.2 |
| 416.6 |
|
Effect of change in product prices and differentials | 25.0 |
| 11.0 |
| 6.6 |
| 17.7 |
| — |
| 60.3 |
|
Effect of change in sales volumes | (53.2 | ) | (2.0 | ) | 0.6 |
| (14.5 | ) | — |
| (69.1 | ) |
Other | — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| (0.7 | ) | (0.7 | ) |
Quarter ended June 30, 2014 (1) | 202.9 |
| 62.7 |
| 55.8 |
| 82.2 |
| 3.5 |
| 407.1 |
|
| |
(1) | Excluding realized commodity risk management. |
| |
(2) | Primarily sulphur sales. |
Light oil sales decreased 12 percent in the second quarter of 2014 compared to the same period in 2013 due to lower sales volumes from the 2013 disposition program partly offset by an increase in the Edmonton par light oil price in the second quarter of 2014. Heavy oil sales increased 17 percent resulting from an improvement in the WCS benchmark. NGL sales increased 15 percent mainly impacted by higher benchmark prices and a Sable Island condensate shipment in June 2014. Natural gas sales increased 4 percent due to higher natural gas benchmark prices partly offset by lower sales volumes from the 2013 property dispositions as well as natural declines.
Six Months ended, June 30, 2014 versus Six Months ended, June 30, 2013
The following table illustrates the effect of changes in prices and volumes on the components of oil and gas sales:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions) | Light oil |
| Heavy oil |
| NGLs |
| Natural gas |
| Other (2) |
| Total |
|
Six months ended June 30, 2013 (1) | 461.5 |
| 88.5 |
| 103.3 |
| 148.2 |
| 8.6 |
| 810.1 |
|
Effect of change in product prices and differentials | 51.4 |
| 30.3 |
| 8.9 |
| 75.9 |
| — |
| 166.5 |
|
Effect of change in sales volumes | (114.0 | ) | 1.2 |
| 0.8 |
| (26.6 | ) | — |
| (138.6 | ) |
Other | — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| (1.7 | ) | (1.7 | ) |
Six months ended June 30, 2014 (1) | 398.9 |
| 120.0 |
| 113.0 |
| 197.5 |
| 6.9 |
| 836.3 |
|
| |
(1) | Excluding realized commodity risk management. |
| |
(2) | Primarily sulphur sales. |
Year to date 2014 light oil sales decreased 14 percent compared to the same period in 2013 due to lower sales volumes from the 2013 disposition program partly offset by an increase in the Edmonton par light oil price. Heavy oil sales posted a 36 percent increase resulting from an improvement in the WCS benchmark. NGL sales increased 9 percent impacted by higher benchmark prices and a Sable Island condensate shipment in June 2014. Natural gas sales increased 33 percent due to higher natural gas benchmark prices partly offset by lower sales volumes from the 2013 property dispositions as well as natural declines.
ROYALTY EXPENSES
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions except per boe amounts and percentages) | Three months ended | Six months ended |
Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Royalty expenses | 78.2 |
| 73.7 |
| 72.7 |
| 151.9 |
| 139.7 |
|
$/boe | 11.64 |
| 10.90 |
| 9.09 |
| 11.27 |
| 8.69 |
|
Royalties as a percent of sales (%) | 19.2 |
| 17.2 |
| 17.5 |
| 18.2 |
| 17.2 |
|
Royalties include Crown, freehold, overriding royalties and mineral taxes.
Second quarter of 2014 royalties as a percentage of sales increased to 19.2 percent from 17.2 percent in the the first quarter of 2014 and 17.5 percent in the second quarter of 2013 primarily due to unfavourable prior year GCA adjustments and higher royalties due to an increase in light and heavy oil benchmarks.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 15 |
Year to date 2014 royalties as a percentage of sales increased to 18.2 percent from 17.2 percent for the same period last year driven by an increase in commodity prices coupled with unfavourable GCA adjustments.
OPERATING EXPENSES
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions except per boe amounts) | Three months ended | Six months ended |
Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Operating expenses | 114.5 |
| 104.0 |
| 129.8 |
| 218.5 |
| 247.7 |
|
$/boe | 17.05 |
| 15.39 |
| 16.23 |
| 16.21 |
| 15.41 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 operating expenses increased $10.5 million or 10 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014, as expected, primarily due to turnaround activity in the second quarter of 2014 partly offset by lower power costs. On a per boe basis, second quarter of 2014 operating expenses increased $1.66/boe as a result of the higher expenses and reduced production resulting from turnaround activity. Second quarter of 2014 operating expenses decreased $15.3 million or 12 percent compared to the second quarter of 2013 due to lower power costs coupled with the absence of operating expenses from properties divested in 2013. This was partly offset by increased turnaround costs in the second quarter of 2014. On a per boe basis, second quarter of 2014 operating expenses increased $0.82/boe compared to the second quarter of 2013 due to greater turnaround activity in 2014 and production declines particularly in natural gas properties as capital investment continues to be directed primarily to oil development programs.
Year to date 2014 operating expenses decreased $29.2 million or 12 percent due to lower utility costs and the absence of operating expenses from divested properties partly offset by increased turnaround costs in 2014. On a per boe basis, 2014 year to date operating expenses increased $0.80/boe compared to the same period last year driven by increased turnaround activity and production declines particularly in natural gas properties as mentioned above.
TRANSPORTATION COSTS
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
($ millions except per boe amounts) | Three months ended | Six months ended |
Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Transportation costs | 7.2 |
| 8.4 |
| 7.3 |
| 15.6 |
| 13.2 |
|
$/boe | 1.07 |
| 1.24 |
| 0.91 |
| 1.16 |
| 0.82 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 transportation costs decreased $1.2 million or 14 percent compared to the first quarter of 2014 mainly as a result of lower sales product trucking charges. On a per boe basis, second quarter of 2014 transportation costs decreased $0.17/boe compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to a decrease in trucking costs. Second quarter of 2014 transportation costs remained unchanged compared to the second quarter of 2013, however on a per boe basis, the transportation costs increased $0.16/boe due to lower production volumes.
Year to date 2014 transportation costs increased $2.4 million or 18 percent due to higher sales product trucking charges for Cardium and Lindbergh production. On a per boe basis, 2014 year to date transportation costs increased $0.34/boe compared to the same period in 2013 due to the increase in trucking costs coupled with a decrease in production volumes.
Pengrowth incurs transportation costs for its natural gas production once the product enters a pipeline at a title transfer point. Pengrowth has the option to sell some of its natural gas directly to markets outside of Alberta by incurring additional transportation costs. Pengrowth sells most of its natural gas without incurring significant additional transportation costs. Pengrowth also incurs transportation costs on its oil and NGL production including sales product trucking charges and pipeline costs up to the custody transfer point. Pengrowth has elected to sell approximately 65 percent of its crude oil at market points beyond the wellhead incurring transportation costs to the first major trading point. The transportation cost is dependent upon third party rates and distance the product travels prior to changing ownership or custody.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 16 |
OPERATING NETBACKS
Pengrowth’s operating netbacks have been calculated by taking balances directly from the Statements of Loss and dividing by production. Certain assumptions have been made in allocating operating expenses and royalty injection credits between products. Operating netbacks as presented below may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies, as there are no standardized measures.
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
Combined Netback ($/boe) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Oil & gas sales (includes other income) | 60.60 |
| 63.50 |
| 52.08 |
| 62.05 |
| 50.40 |
|
Royalties | (11.64 | ) | (10.90 | ) | (9.09 | ) | (11.27 | ) | (8.69 | ) |
Operating expenses | (17.05 | ) | (15.39 | ) | (16.23 | ) | (16.21 | ) | (15.41 | ) |
Transportation costs | (1.07 | ) | (1.24 | ) | (0.91 | ) | (1.16 | ) | (0.82 | ) |
Operating netback before realized commodity risk management | 30.84 |
| 35.97 |
| 25.85 |
| 33.41 |
| 25.48 |
|
Realized commodity risk management | (6.98 | ) | (6.26 | ) | (1.41 | ) | (6.62 | ) | (0.87 | ) |
Operating netback | 23.86 |
| 29.71 |
| 24.44 |
| 26.79 |
| 24.61 |
|
| | | | | |
Light Oil Netback Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management ($/bbl) |
Sales | 102.37 |
| 97.03 |
| 89.73 |
| 99.68 |
| 86.83 |
|
Royalties | (22.22 | ) | (19.79 | ) | (18.60 | ) | (21.00 | ) | (17.32 | ) |
Operating expenses | (15.64 | ) | (16.24 | ) | (17.87 | ) | (15.93 | ) | (17.35 | ) |
Transportation costs | (1.99 | ) | (2.56 | ) | (1.40 | ) | (2.28 | ) | (1.29 | ) |
Light oil operating netback | 62.52 |
| 58.44 |
| 51.86 |
| 60.47 |
| 50.87 |
|
Heavy Oil Netback Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management ($/bbl) |
Sales | 84.00 |
| 77.12 |
| 69.24 |
| 80.57 |
| 60.25 |
|
Royalties | (13.40 | ) | (9.78 | ) | (9.23 | ) | (11.59 | ) | (8.08 | ) |
Operating expenses | (20.65 | ) | (16.98 | ) | (19.45 | ) | (18.87 | ) | (19.31 | ) |
Transportation costs | (1.80 | ) | (1.85 | ) | (2.10 | ) | (1.83 | ) | (1.59 | ) |
Heavy oil operating netback | 48.15 |
| 48.51 |
| 38.46 |
| 48.28 |
| 31.27 |
|
NGLs Netback Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management ($/bbl) |
Sales | 55.70 |
| 59.12 |
| 49.15 |
| 57.38 |
| 52.87 |
|
Royalties | (16.92 | ) | (17.28 | ) | (14.48 | ) | (17.10 | ) | (15.22 | ) |
Operating expenses | (16.69 | ) | (14.09 | ) | (16.14 | ) | (15.52 | ) | (14.93 | ) |
Transportation costs | — |
| (0.01 | ) | (0.06 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.07 | ) |
NGLs operating netback | 22.09 |
| 27.74 |
| 18.47 |
| 24.75 |
| 22.65 |
|
Natural Gas Netback Excluding Realized Commodity Risk Management ($/Mcf) |
Sales | 4.59 |
| 6.35 |
| 3.60 |
| 5.47 |
| 3.37 |
|
Royalties | (0.40 | ) | (0.54 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.47 | ) | (0.14 | ) |
Operating expenses | (2.87 | ) | (2.47 | ) | (2.40 | ) | (2.66 | ) | (2.23 | ) |
Transportation costs | (0.11 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.09 | ) |
Natural gas operating netback ($/Mcf) | 1.21 |
| 3.24 |
| 0.96 |
| 2.24 |
| 0.91 |
|
Natural gas operating netback ($/boe) | 7.26 |
| 19.44 |
| 5.76 |
| 13.44 |
| 5.46 |
|
CONTRIBUTION BASED ON OPERATING NETBACKS |
Light oil | 61 | % | 49 | % | 66 | % | 55 | % | 67 | % |
Heavy oil | 17 | % | 15 | % | 15 | % | 16 | % | 12 | % |
Natural gas liquids | 11 | % | 11 | % | 9 | % | 11 | % | 11 | % |
Natural gas | 11 | % | 25 | % | 10 | % | 18 | % | 10 | % |
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 17 |
Pengrowth realized a weighted average operating netback of $23.86/boe in the second quarter of 2014 representing a 20 percent decrease compared to the first quarter of 2014 primarily due to a lower natural gas sales price and an increase in turnaround related operating costs. When comparing the second quarter and year to date 2014 to the same periods last year, the netback decreased 2 percent and 9 percent, respectively, as the improvement in sales prices was offset by higher realized commodity risk management losses, operating costs and royalties.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions except per boe amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Cash G&A expense | 19.4 |
| 23.1 |
| 22.2 |
| 42.5 |
| 46.1 |
|
$/boe | 2.89 |
| 3.42 |
| 2.78 |
| 3.15 |
| 2.87 |
|
Non-cash G&A expense | 4.9 |
| 3.5 |
| 4.5 |
| 8.4 |
| 8.1 |
|
$/boe | 0.73 |
| 0.52 |
| 0.56 |
| 0.63 |
| 0.50 |
|
Total G&A | 24.3 |
| 26.6 |
| 26.7 |
| 50.9 |
| 54.2 |
|
$/boe | 3.62 |
| 3.94 |
| 3.34 |
| 3.78 |
| 3.37 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 cash G&A expenses were $3.7 million lower compared to the first quarter of 2014 mainly due to lower personnel costs and the absence of the cash-settled Deferred Share Units expense recorded in the first quarter of 2014. On a per boe basis, second quarter of 2014 cash G&A expenses decreased $0.53/boe compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to lower costs as discussed above.
Second quarter and year to date 2014 cash G&A expenses were $2.8 million and $3.6 million lower compared to the same periods last year, respectively, resulting from staffing decreases associated with the 2013 dispositions. On a per boe basis, second quarter and year to date 2014 cash G&A costs increased $0.11/boe and $0.28/boe compared to the same periods last year, respectively, due to the impact of lower production volumes.
The non-cash component of G&A represents the compensation expense associated with Pengrowth’s Long Term Incentive Plans ("LTIP"). See Note 9 to the unaudited Financial Statements for additional information. The compensation costs associated with these plans are expensed over the applicable vesting period. Second quarter of 2014 non-cash G&A expense increased $1.4 million compared to the first quarter of 2014 primarily due to the absence of the favourable forfeiture estimate to actual adjustment recorded in the prior quarter. Second quarter and year to date 2014 non-cash G&A expense remained relatively unchanged compared to the same periods in 2013.
During the six months ended June 30, 2014, $8.0 million (June 30, 2013 - $8.3 million) of directly attributable G&A costs were capitalized to Property, Plant and Equipment ("PP&E").
DEPLETION, DEPRECIATION, AMORTIZATION AND ACCRETION
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions except per boe amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | 130.7 |
| 130.1 |
| 153.8 |
| 260.8 |
| 308.2 |
|
$/boe | 19.46 |
| 19.25 |
| 19.23 |
| 19.35 |
| 19.18 |
|
Accretion | 4.9 |
| 5.0 |
| 5.3 |
| 9.9 |
| 10.7 |
|
$/boe | 0.73 |
| 0.74 |
| 0.66 |
| 0.73 |
| 0.67 |
|
Second quarter of 2014 DD&A expense remained relatively unchanged compared to the first quarter of 2014, but decreased $23.1 million or 15 percent compared to the second quarter of 2013 mainly due to the decrease in production volumes resulting from the 2013 dispositions. This is the same reason why year to date 2014 DD&A expense decreased $47.4 million or 15 percent. On a per boe basis, the depletion rates remained relatively unchanged across all periods.
Second quarter of 2014 accretion expense remained relatively unchanged compared to the first quarter of 2014 and the second quarter of 2013. Year to date 2014 accretion expense decreased $0.8 million mainly due to decreases in the ARO liability resulting from 2013 property dispositions and discount rate changes.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 18 |
INTEREST AND FINANCING CHARGES
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Interest and financing charges | 26.1 |
| 25.9 |
| 24.6 |
| 52.0 |
| 50.2 |
|
Capitalized interest | (7.0 | ) | (5.3 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (12.3 | ) | (1.1 | ) |
Total interest and financing charges | 19.1 |
| 20.6 |
| 23.7 |
| 39.7 |
| 49.1 |
|
At June 30, 2014, Pengrowth had approximately $1.6 billion in total long term debt composed of $1.4 billion of fixed rate debt and $0.2 billion in convertible debentures, including the current portions. Total long term debt consists primarily of U.S. dollar denominated fixed rate notes at a weighted average interest rate of 5.7 percent and convertible debentures with a 6.25 percent coupon. At June 30, 2014, Pengrowth had no drawings on its syndicated bank facility.
Second quarter of 2014 interest and financing charges, before capitalized interest, remained relatively unchanged compared to the first quarter of 2014. Second quarter of 2014 interest and financing charges, before capitalized interest, increased $1.5 million compared to the same period last year mainly due to higher interest on the U.S. term debt as a result of the weaker Canadian dollar.
Year to date 2014 interest and financing charges, before capitalized interest, increased $1.8 million compared to the same period last year also due to higher interest on the U.S. term debt as a result of the weaker Canadian dollar.
In accordance with IFRS, interest is capitalized for qualifying assets in the construction phase based on costs incurred on the project and the average cost of borrowing. Interest capitalization to a qualifying asset ceases once construction is substantially complete. During the three months ended June 30, 2014, $7.0 million (June 30, 2013 - $0.9 million) of interest was capitalized on the Lindbergh thermal project to PP&E using a capitalization rate of 5.7 percent (June 30, 2013 – 5.7 percent). During the six months ended June 30, 2014, $12.3 million (June 30, 2013 - $1.1 million) of interest was capitalized on the Lindbergh thermal project to PP&E using a capitalization rate of 5.7 percent (June 30, 2013 - 5.7 percent).
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE
Year to date 2014 other expense of $11.8 million includes a $20 million provision for clean-up and remediation costs on a Northern Alberta oil property incurred in the first quarter of 2014 partly offset by gains on remediation trust funds and interest income.
TAXES
Deferred income tax is a non-cash item relating to temporary differences between the accounting and tax basis of Pengrowth’s assets and liabilities and has no immediate impact on Pengrowth’s cash flows. Pengrowth recorded a deferred tax reduction of $4.8 million in the second quarter of 2014 compared to deferred tax reductions of $33.8 million and $5.4 million in the first quarter of 2014 and second quarter of 2013, respectively. Year to date 2014 deferred tax reduction amounted to $38.6 million compared to $22.3 million recorded during the same period last year.
No current income taxes were paid by Pengrowth in 2014 or 2013. See Note 7 to the unaudited Financial Statements for additional information.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 19 |
FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINS (LOSSES)
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Currency exchange rate ($1Cdn = $U.S.) at period end | 0.94 |
| 0.90 |
| 0.95 |
| 0.94 |
| 0.95 |
|
Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on U.S. dollar denominated debt | 46.5 |
| (49.6 | ) | (43.5 | ) | (3.1 | ) | (69.6 | ) |
Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on U.K. pound sterling denominated debt | 1.2 |
| (5.3 | ) | (3.7 | ) | (4.1 | ) | 1.1 |
|
Total unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) from translation of foreign denominated debt | 47.7 |
| (54.9 | ) | (47.2 | ) | (7.2 | ) | (68.5 | ) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on U.S. foreign exchange risk management contracts | (16.9 | ) | 13.7 |
| 12.5 |
| (3.2 | ) | 18.8 |
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on U.K. foreign exchange risk management contracts | (1.7 | ) | 5.6 |
| 3.9 |
| 3.9 |
| (1.5 | ) |
Total unrealized gain (loss) on foreign exchange risk management contracts | (18.6 | ) | 19.3 |
| 16.4 |
| 0.7 |
| 17.3 |
|
Total unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) | 29.1 |
| (35.6 | ) | (30.8 | ) | (6.5 | ) | (51.2 | ) |
Total realized foreign exchange gain (loss) | (1.4 | ) | (0.1 | ) | 1.3 |
| (1.5 | ) | 1.4 |
|
Pengrowth’s unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses are primarily attributable to the translation of the foreign denominated long term debt and the related foreign exchange risk management contracts. The gains or losses on principal restatement are calculated by comparing the translated Canadian dollar balance of foreign denominated long term debt from one period to another. The magnitude of the gains and losses is proportionate to the magnitude of the exchange rate fluctuation between the opening and closing rates for the respective periods and any new foreign debt issued.
Pengrowth holds a series of swap contracts which were transacted in order to fix the foreign exchange rate on a portion of Pengrowth’s U.S. dollar denominated term debt. The swaps partially offset foreign exchange gains/losses on U.S. denominated debt. Each swap requires Pengrowth to buy U.S. dollars at a predetermined rate and time, based upon maturity dates of the U.S. dollar term debt. At June 30, 2014, the fair value of these foreign exchange derivative contracts was an asset of $19.9 million included on the Balance Sheets with changes in the fair value between Balance Sheet dates reported on the Statements of Loss as an unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss.
|
| | | | | | | | | |
Contract type | Settlement date | Principal amount (U.S.$ millions) |
| Swapped amount (U.S.$ millions) |
| % of principal swapped |
| Fixed rate ($1Cdn = $U.S.) |
|
Swap | May 2015 | 71.5 |
| 50 |
| 70 | % | 0.98 |
|
Swap | July 2017 | 400 |
| 250 |
| 63 | % | 0.97 |
|
Swap | August 2018 | 265 |
| 125 |
| 47 | % | 0.96 |
|
Swap | October 2019 | 35 |
| 15 |
| 43 | % | 0.94 |
|
Swap | May 2020 | 115.5 |
| 20 |
| 17 | % | 0.95 |
|
N/A | October 2022 | 105 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
N/A | October 2024 | 195 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
| | 1,187 |
| 460 |
| 39 | % | |
To mitigate the fluctuations in the U.K. pound sterling denominated long term debt Pengrowth entered into foreign exchange risk management contracts when it issued the U.K. pound sterling term notes. These contracts fix the Canadian dollar to the U.K. pound sterling exchange rate on the interest and principal of the U.K. pound sterling denominated debt as follows:
|
| | | |
| | |
Amount (U.K. pound sterling millions) | Settlement date | Fixed rate ($1Cdn = U.K. pound sterling) |
|
50 | December 2015 | 0.50 |
|
15 | October 2019 | 0.63 |
|
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 20 |
At June 30, 2014, each Cdn$0.01 exchange rate change would result in approximately a $4.6 million pre-tax change in the fair value of the U.S. risk management contracts and a $0.7 million pre-tax change in the fair value of the U.K. risk management contracts.
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, Pengrowth's ARO liability increased $51.5 million relative to December 31, 2013 mainly due to a change in the risk free discount rate from 3.25 percent to 3.0 percent. The rate decrease reflects a decrease in the 30 year Canadian Government long term bond rate which drives Pengrowth’s estimate of the ARO discount rate. This resulted in an upward ARO liability revision of $49.5 million with the offset recorded in PP&E. Pengrowth has estimated the net present value of its total ARO to be $657.7 million as at June 30, 2014 (December 31, 2013 – $606.2 million), based on a total escalated future liability of $2.1 billion (December 31, 2013 – $2.1 billion). These costs are expected to be incurred over 65 years with the majority of the costs to be incurred between 2038 and 2078. A risk free discount rate of 3.0 percent per annum and an inflation rate of 1.5 percent were used to calculate the net present value of the ARO at June 30, 2014.
ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Property acquisitions | 0.1 |
| 2.0 |
| 0.4 |
| 2.1 |
| 0.9 |
|
Proceeds on property dispositions | (21.1 | ) | 0.6 |
| (9.8 | ) | (20.5 | ) | (326.0 | ) |
Net cash acquisitions (dispositions) | (21.0 | ) | 2.6 |
| (9.4 | ) | (18.4 | ) | (325.1 | ) |
During the second quarter of 2014 Pengrowth successfully closed minor property dispositions for proceeds of $21.1 million.
WORKING CAPITAL
Working capital (surplus) deficiency is calculated as current liabilities less current assets per the Balance Sheets, excluding the current portions of long term debt and convertible debentures.
At June 30, 2014, Pengrowth had a working capital deficiency due to current liabilities exceeding current assets by $194.6 million as cash on hand was spent at Lindbergh and liabilities increased compared to December 31, 2013 primarily from the current portion of risk management liabilities. At December 31, 2013, Pengrowth had a working capital surplus of $179.3 million as current assets exceeded current liabilities at that time and at June 30, 2013 Pengrowth had a working capital deficiency of $125.4 million.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 21 |
FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
|
| | | | | | |
As at: | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Dec 31, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
($ millions) | |
| |
| |
|
Term credit facilities | — |
| — |
| — |
|
Senior unsecured notes (1) | 1,421.3 |
| 1,412.7 |
| 1,387.7 |
|
Long term debt | 1,421.3 |
| 1,412.7 |
| 1,387.7 |
|
Convertible debentures (1) | 235.5 |
| 236.0 |
| 236.5 |
|
Total debt excluding working capital | 1,656.8 |
| 1,648.7 |
| 1,624.2 |
|
Working capital (surplus) deficiency (2) | 194.6 |
| (179.3 | ) | 125.4 |
|
Total debt | 1,851.4 |
| 1,469.4 |
| 1,749.6 |
|
| | | |
Twelve months trailing: | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Dec 31, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
($ millions, except ratios and percentages) | | | |
Net loss | (323.4 | ) | (316.9 | ) | (143.3 | ) |
Add (deduct): | |
| |
| |
|
Interest & financing charges and accretion expense | 104.4 |
| 114.6 |
| 120.6 |
|
Deferred income tax reduction | (89.5 | ) | (73.2 | ) | (44.1 | ) |
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | 527.2 |
| 574.6 |
| 635.2 |
|
EBITDA | 218.7 |
| 299.1 |
| 568.4 |
|
Add other items: | | | |
Loss on disposition of properties | 179.8 |
| 175.7 |
| 5.6 |
|
Other non-cash items | 214.5 |
| 180.2 |
| 148.7 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA | 613.0 |
| 655.0 |
| 722.7 |
|
Total debt excluding working capital to Adjusted EBITDA | 2.7 |
| 2.5 |
| 2.2 |
|
Total debt to Adjusted EBITDA (3) | 3.0 |
| 2.2 |
| 2.4 |
|
Total capitalization (4) | 5,325.8 |
| 5,157.7 |
| 5,728.8 |
|
Total debt as a percentage of total capitalization | 34.8 | % | 28.5 | % | 30.5 | % |
| |
(1) | Includes current and long term portions. |
| |
(2) | Working capital (surplus) deficiency is calculated as current liabilities less current assets per the Balance Sheets, excluding the current portions of long term debt and convertible debentures. |
| |
(3) | Not indicative of the actual debt covenants. See the Financial Covenants section for more information. |
| |
(4) | Total capitalization includes total debt plus Shareholders' Equity per the Balance Sheets. |
At June 30, 2014, total debt increased $382.0 million from December 31, 2013 primarily due to a lower cash balance, as spending ramped up at Lindbergh, and an increase in the current portion of risk management liabilities. Even though the cash balance was higher at June 30, 2014, total debt increased $101.8 million compared to June 30, 2013 driven by the absence of assets held for sale, an increase in the current portion of risk management liabilities as well as an increase in the U.S. senior unsecured notes due to the weakening of the Canadian dollar year over year.
The trailing twelve months total debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio increased to 3.0x at June 30, 2014, compared to 2.2x at December 31, 2013 and 2.4x at June 30, 2013 mainly due to the increase in total debt and a decrease in Adjusted EBITDA as a result of 2013 property dispositions.
Term Credit Facilities
Pengrowth maintains a $1 billion revolving credit facility which was undrawn at June 30, 2014 (December 31, 2013 - $nil) and had $35.8 million (December 31, 2013 - $35.8 million) in outstanding letters of credit. The credit facility includes an expansion feature of $250 million providing Pengrowth with up to $1.25 billion of credit capacity from a syndicate of seven Canadian and four foreign banks, and can be extended at Pengrowth’s discretion any time prior to maturity, subject to syndicate approval. The facility has a maturity date of July 26, 2017.
Pengrowth also maintains a $50 million demand operating facility with one Canadian bank. At June 30, 2014, this facility was undrawn (December 31, 2013 - $nil) and had $0.8 million (December 31, 2013 - $0.8 million) of outstanding letters of credit. When utilized together with any overdraft amounts, this facility would appear on the Balance Sheets as a current liability in bank indebtedness, as applicable.
|
| | |
PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 22 |
Together, these two facilities and the cash balance of $133.2 million provided Pengrowth with approximately $1.1 billion of combined credit capacity and cash at June 30, 2014, with the ability to expand the facilities by an additional $250 million.
Financial Covenants
Pengrowth’s senior unsecured notes and credit facilities are subject to a number of covenants, all of which were met at all times during the preceding twelve months, and at June 30, 2014.
On January 24, 2014, Pengrowth amended the credit facility by increasing the maximum permitted senior debt to EBITDA (as calculated in accordance with the debt agreements) ratio from 3.0 to 3.5 times and the total debt to EBITDA ratio from 3.5 to 4.0 times until December 31, 2015. As at June 30, 2014, Pengrowth's actual ratios pursuant to these two covenants were at 2.5 times and 2.9 times, respectively. The financial covenants are now substantially similar between the credit facilities and the senior unsecured notes. The ratios on the credit facility will revert back to their prior levels of 3.0 and 3.5 times, respectively, after December 31, 2015. The covenant amendments were obtained as a proactive step while Pengrowth completes construction of the first 12,500 bbl/d commercial phase of Lindbergh and a full year of Lindbergh production can contribute to the EBITDA calculation.
All loan agreements can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com filed under "Other" or "Material Document" and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.
The calculation for each financial covenant is based on specific definitions, is not in accordance with IFRS, is similar to Adjusted EBITDA, and cannot be readily replicated by referring to Pengrowth’s Financial Statements.
The key financial covenants as at June 30, 2014 are summarized below:
1.Total senior debt before working capital must not exceed 3.5 times EBITDA for the last four fiscal quarters (credit facility - 3.0 times after December 31, 2015);
2.Total debt before working capital must not exceed 4.0 times EBITDA for the last four fiscal quarters (credit facility - 3.5 times after December 31, 2015);
3.Total senior debt before working capital must be less than 50 percent of total book capitalization; and
4.EBITDA must not be less than four times interest expense for the last four fiscal quarters.
There may be instances, such as when financing an acquisition, where it would be acceptable for total debt to trailing EBITDA to be temporarily offside. In the event of a significant acquisition, certain credit facility financial covenants are relaxed for two fiscal quarters after the close of the acquisition. Pengrowth may prepare pro forma financial statements for debt covenant purposes and has additional flexibility under its debt covenants for a set period of time. This would be a strategic decision recommended by management and approved by the Board of Directors with steps taken in the subsequent period to restore Pengrowth’s capital structure based on its capital management objectives.
Failing a financial covenant may result in one or more of Pengrowth’s loans being in default. In certain circumstances, being in default of one loan will, absent a cure, result in other loans also being in default. In the event that non-compliance continued, Pengrowth would have to repay, refinance or re-negotiate the terms and conditions of the debt and may have to suspend dividends to shareholders.
If certain financial ratios reach or exceed certain levels, management may consider steps to improve these ratios. These steps may include, but are not limited to property dispositions, reducing capital expenditures or dividends as well as issuing equity.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
Pengrowth's DRIP allows shareholders to reinvest cash dividends in additional shares of the Corporation. Under the DRIP, the shares are issued from treasury at a 5 percent discount to the weighted average closing price of Pengrowth’s common shares as determined by the plan.
During the six months ended June 30, 2014, 3.8 million shares were issued under the DRIP program for cash proceeds of $26.4 million compared to 4.7 million shares for total proceeds of $22.2 million in the same period last year.
Pengrowth does not have any off balance sheet financing arrangements.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 23 |
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Pengrowth uses financial instruments to manage its exposure to commodity and power price fluctuations and foreign currency exposure. Pengrowth’s policy is not to utilize financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. See Note 2 to the most recent audited Financial Statements for a description of the accounting policies for financial instruments and Note 12 to the unaudited Financial Statements for additional information regarding the fair value of Pengrowth’s financial instruments.
FUNDS FLOW FROM OPERATIONS AND DIVIDENDS
The following table provides funds flow from operations, dividends declared, the excess of funds flow from operations over dividends, and payout ratio:
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions, except per share amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Funds flow from operations | 121.4 |
| 139.5 |
| 146.0 |
| 260.9 |
| 293.5 |
|
Dividends declared | 63.3 |
| 62.8 |
| 62.1 |
| 126.1 |
| 123.7 |
|
Funds flow from operations less dividends declared | 58.1 |
| 76.7 |
| 83.9 |
| 134.8 |
| 169.8 |
|
Per share | 0.11 |
| 0.15 |
| 0.16 |
| 0.26 |
| 0.33 |
|
Payout ratio (1) | 52 | % | 45 | % | 43 | % | 48 | % | 42 | % |
| |
(1) | Payout ratio is calculated as dividends declared divided by funds flow from operations. |
As a result of the depleting nature of Pengrowth's oil and gas assets, capital expenditures are required to offset production declines while other capital is required to maintain facilities, acquire prospective lands and prepare future projects. Capital spending and acquisitions may be funded by the excess of funds flow from operations less dividends declared, through the sale of existing properties, additional debt or the issuance of equity. Pengrowth does not deduct capital expenditures when calculating funds flow from operations.
Funds flow from operations is derived from producing and selling oil, natural gas and related products and is therefore highly dependent on commodity prices. Pengrowth enters into forward commodity risk management contracts to mitigate price volatility and to provide a measure of stability to monthly cash flow. Details of commodity risk management contracts are contained in Note 12 to the unaudited Financial Statements.
The following table provides the net payout ratio when the proceeds of the DRIP are netted against dividends declared to reflect Pengrowth’s net cash outlay:
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Six months ended |
($ millions, except per share amounts) | Jun 30, 2014 |
| Mar 31, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
| Jun 30, 2014 |
| Jun 30, 2013 |
|
Proceeds from DRIP | 13.3 |
| 13.1 |
| 11.2 |
| 26.4 |
| 22.2 |
|
Per share | 0.03 |
| 0.03 |
| 0.02 |
| 0.05 |
| 0.04 |
|
Net payout ratio (%) (1) | 41 | % | 36 | % | 35 | % | 38 | % | 35 | % |
| |
(1) | Net payout ratio is calculated as dividends declared net of proceeds from the DRIP divided by funds flow from operations. |
DRIP participation was equivalent to approximately 21 percent of the total dividend during both the second quarter and year to date 2014.
DIVIDENDS
The Board of Directors and management regularly review the level of dividends. The board considers a number of factors, including expectations of future commodity prices, capital expenditure requirements, and the availability of debt and equity capital. Although the Corporation is committed to maintaining the dividend, there can be no certainty that Pengrowth will be able to maintain current levels of dividends and dividends can and may fluctuate in the future as a result of the volatility in commodity prices, changes in production levels and capital expenditure requirements. Pengrowth has no restrictions on the payment of its dividends other than maintaining its financial covenants in its borrowings and restrictions in the Business Corporations Act (Alberta).
Dividends are generally paid to shareholders on the fifteenth day or next business day of the month. Pengrowth paid $0.04 per share in each of the six months January through June of 2014 for an aggregate cash dividend of $0.24 per share. For the same period in 2013, Pengrowth also paid $0.04 per share in each of the months January through June for an aggregate cash dividend of $0.24 per share.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 24 |
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS
The following table is a summary of quarterly information for 2014, 2013 and 2012:
|
| | | | | | | | |
2014 | Q1 |
| Q2 |
| | |
Oil and gas sales ($ millions) (1) | 429.2 |
| 407.1 |
| | |
Net loss ($ millions) | (116.2 | ) | (8.8 | ) | | |
Net loss per share ($) | (0.22 | ) | (0.02 | ) | | |
Net loss per share - diluted ($) | (0.22 | ) | (0.02 | ) | | |
Adjusted net loss ($ millions) | (2.8 | ) | (24.8 | ) | | |
Funds flow from operations ($ millions) | 139.5 |
| 121.4 |
| | |
Dividends declared ($ millions) | 62.8 |
| 63.3 |
| | |
Dividends declared per share ($) | 0.12 |
| 0.12 |
| | |
Daily production (boe/d) | 75,102 |
| 73,823 |
| | |
Total production (Mboe) | 6,759 |
| 6,718 |
| | |
Average sales price ($/boe) (1) | 63.00 |
| 60.08 |
| | |
Operating netback ($/boe) (2) | 29.71 |
| 23.86 |
| | |
2013 | Q1 |
| Q2 |
| Q3 |
| Q4 |
|
Oil and gas sales ($ millions) (1) | 393.5 |
| 416.6 |
| 439.6 |
| 343.7 |
|
Net loss ($ millions) | (65.1 | ) | (53.4 | ) | (107.3 | ) | (91.1 | ) |
Net loss per share ($) | (0.13 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.17 | ) |
Net loss per share - diluted ($) | (0.13 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.17 | ) |
Adjusted net loss ($ millions) | (1.1 | ) | (37.2 | ) | (108.2 | ) | (37.3 | ) |
Funds flow from operations ($ millions) | 147.5 |
| 146.0 |
| 161.5 |
| 105.9 |
|
Dividends declared ($ millions) | 61.6 |
| 62.1 |
| 62.3 |
| 62.5 |
|
Dividends declared per share ($) | 0.12 |
| 0.12 |
| 0.12 |
| 0.12 |
|
Daily production (boe/d) | 89,702 |
| 87,909 |
| 83,275 |
| 77,371 |
|
Total production (Mboe) | 8,073 |
| 8,000 |
| 7,661 |
| 7,118 |
|
Average sales price ($/boe) (1) | 48.18 |
| 51.55 |
| 56.64 |
| 47.92 |
|
Operating netback ($/boe) (2) | 24.79 |
| 24.44 |
| 27.10 |
| 20.82 |
|
2012 | Q1 |
| Q2 |
| Q3 |
| Q4 |
|
Oil and gas sales ($ millions) (1) | 341.2 |
| 321.5 |
| 381.5 |
| 414.0 |
|
Net income (loss) ($ millions) (3) | 0.7 |
| 36.8 |
| (23.8 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
Net income (loss) per share ($) (3) | — |
| 0.09 |
| (0.05 | ) | — |
|
Net income (loss) per share - diluted ($) (3) | — |
| 0.09 |
| (0.05 | ) | — |
|
Adjusted net income (loss) ($ millions) | (5.4 | ) | (89.6 | ) | (18.8 | ) | 24.1 |
|
Funds flow from operations ($ millions) | 113.6 |
| 94.4 |
| 141.1 |
| 189.7 |
|
Dividends declared ($ millions) | 76.1 |
| 86.4 |
| 60.6 |
| 61.3 |
|
Dividends declared per share ($) | 0.21 |
| 0.21 |
| 0.12 |
| 0.12 |
|
Daily production (boe/d) | 75,618 |
| 78,870 |
| 94,284 |
| 94,039 |
|
Total production (Mboe) | 6,881 |
| 7,177 |
| 8,674 |
| 8,652 |
|
Average sales price ($/boe) (1) | 48.99 |
| 44.05 |
| 43.53 |
| 47.31 |
|
Operating netback ($/boe) (2) (4) | 22.48 |
| 21.47 |
| 22.25 |
| 27.87 |
|
| |
(1) | Excluding realized commodity risk management. |
| |
(2) | Including realized commodity risk management. |
| |
(3) | As required under IFRS, changes in accounting for the NAL Acquisition that arose in the fourth quarter of 2012 were adjusted retrospective to the second quarter of 2012. |
| |
(4) | As of January 1, 2013 certain technical support costs, previously included in operating expenses, are included in G&A. 2012 operating netbacks have been adjusted accordingly to conform to presentation in the current period. |
Second quarter of 2014 production was lower than the preceding quarters mainly due to 2013 property dispositions, lower natural gas production resulting from natural declines as a result of capital investment being directed mainly to
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 25 |
oil development programs, in addition to a few fields with third party capacity constraints. Production increases in the second and third quarters of 2012 were primarily a result of the NAL Energy Corporation acquisition on May 31, 2012.
First quarter of 2014 posted the highest operating netback since the fourth quarter of 2011 resulting from higher natural gas prices and an increase in light and heavy oil benchmarks. Pengrowth's 2014 average sales prices were the highest posted average prices since the fourth quarter of 2008 driven by an increase in the benchmarks.
Quarterly net income (loss) has also been affected by non-cash charges, in particular depletion, depreciation and amortization, impairment charges, gain on acquisition, unrealized gain (loss) on investments, accretion of ARO, unrealized risk management gains (losses), unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses), gains (losses) on property divestments, and deferred taxes. Funds flow from operations was also impacted by changes in royalty expense, operating and G&A costs.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Pengrowth entered into a lease amendment and extension agreement with respect to its Calgary head office lease effective March 31, 2014. The agreement saw two floors returned to the landlord in 2014 and extended the existing lease term for the remaining floors from 2018 to 2025, resulting in an additional operating lease commitment over the extended term of approximately $57 million.
BUSINESS RISKS
Pengrowth is exposed to normal market risks inherent in the oil and natural gas business, the details of which are set out in the AIF of the Corporation dated February 28, 2014 available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ADOPTED
On January 1, 2014, Pengrowth adopted amendments to IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation (“IAS 32”) relating to offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities. The amendments clarify when an entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and certain other requirements that are necessary to present a net financial asset or liability. The adoption of this standard had no impact on the amounts recorded in the Financial Statements.
On January 1, 2014, Pengrowth adopted IFRIC 21 Levies ("IFRIC 21"). IFRIC 21 clarifies that an entity recognizes a liability for a levy when the activity that triggers payment, as identified by the relevant legislation, occurs. The interpretation also clarifies that no liability should be recognized before the specified minimum threshold to trigger that levy is reached. The adoption of this standard had no impact on the amounts recorded in the Financial Statements.
DISCLOSURE AND INTERNAL CONTROLS
As a Canadian reporting issuer with securities listed on both the TSX and the NYSE, Pengrowth is required to comply with Multilateral Instrument 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, as well as the Sarbanes Oxley Act ("SOX") enacted in the United States.
At the end of the interim period ended June 30, 2014, Pengrowth did not have any material weakness relating to design of its internal control over financial reporting. Pengrowth has not limited the scope of its design of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to exclude controls, policies and procedures of (i) a proportionately consolidated entity in which Pengrowth has an interest; (ii) a variable interest entity in which Pengrowth has an interest; or (iii) a business that Pengrowth acquired not more than 365 days before June 30, 2014 and summary financial information about these items has been proportionately consolidated or consolidated in Pengrowth's Financial Statements. During the interim period ended June 30, 2014, no change occurred to Pengrowth's internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Pengrowth's internal control over financial reporting.
It should be noted that while Pengrowth’s Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") believe that Pengrowth’s disclosure controls and procedures provide a reasonable level of assurance that they are effective, they do not expect that Pengrowth’s disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.
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PENGROWTH Second Quarter 2014 Management's Discussion and Analysis | 26 |