LOAN PORTFOLIO | NOTE 5 – LOAN PORTFOLIO Loans consisted of the following: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Residential $ 71,444 $ 75,081 $ 84,568 Commercial Real Estate 104,875 101,291 113,852 Commercial 33,800 27,881 30,894 Consumer 4,993 5,114 6,229 Total gross loans $ 215,112 $ 209,367 $ 235,543 Certain parties (principally certain directors and officers of the Company, their immediate families, and business interests) were loan customers and had other transactions in the normal course of business with the Company. Related party loans are made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with persons not related to the lender and do not involve more than normal risk of collectability. Related party loans consisted of the following: For the Year ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Beginning balance $ 3,222 $ 3,857 $ 3,088 Relationship changes (794 ) — — New loans and advances 4,562 397 1,785 Repayments (523 ) (1,032 ) (1,016 ) Ending balance $ 6,467 $ 3,222 $ 3,857 In an effort to reduce nonperforming assets and problem loans that continued to be a strain on the Company’s resources and capital, the Company sold $4.3 million of nonperforming and problem loans and $854 thousand in other real estate owned, resulting in $2.9 million in charge-offs and $854 thousand of losses on the sale of properties. This bulk sale was an effort to reduce overall risk within the Bank. Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses An allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level deemed appropriate by management to adequately provide for known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. In evaluating the adequacy of the Company’s loan loss reserves, management identifies loans believed to be impaired. Impaired loans are those not likely to be repaid as to principal and interest in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, market value of similar debt, enterprise value, or liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Reserves are maintained for each loan in which the principal balance of the loan exceeds the net present value of cash flows. In addition to the specific allowance for individually reviewed loans, a general allowance for potential loan losses is established based on management’s review of the composition of the loan portfolio with the purpose of identifying any concentrations of risk, and an analysis of historical loan charge-offs and recoveries. The final component of the allowance for loan losses incorporates management’s evaluation of current economic conditions and other risk factors which may impact the inherent losses in the loan portfolio. These evaluations are highly subjective and require that a great degree of judgmental assumptions be made by management. This component of the allowance for loan losses includes additional estimated reserves for internal factors such as changes in lending staff, loan policy and underwriting guidelines, and loan seasoning and quality, and external factors such as national and local economic trends and conditions. During 2016, we introduced certain enhancements to our allowance for loan loss model and methodology that, in management's opinion, provide a better estimate and an allowance for loan loss which better reflects the inherent loss in the loan portfolio. The most significant enhancement was the implementation of a new third party software for the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. While this change did not result in an overall change in methodology, it did allow management to further analyze the portfolio. Additionally, as we regularly review the look back period being used for the calculation of historical losses, we determined that the historic look back period for all loan types should be increased to twelve quarters. During 2012, the Bank changed the historic look back period from twelve quarters to six quarters as management believed this reduced look back period more accurately reflected the loss history of the loan portfolio during those stressed economic conditions. As economic conditions have improved and the overall risk profile of the loan portfolio has changed, it was determined that the historic look back period should be increased back to twelve quarters to present an estimated risk and loss consistent with expectations. This change in the look back period resulted in an increase in reserves of approximately $570,000. The following tables detail the activity within our allowance for loan losses as of and for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, by portfolio segment: December 31, 2016 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 952 $ 2,543 $ 80 $ 1,026 $ 4,601 Charge-offs (1,132 ) (4,595 ) (72 ) (809 ) (6,608 ) Recoveries 1,382 202 79 171 1,834 Provision (802 ) 4,141 16 568 3,923 Ending balance $ 400 $ 2,291 $ 103 $ 956 $ 3,750 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 25 $ 291 $ 7 $ 320 $ 643 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 375 $ 2,000 $ 96 $ 636 $ 3,107 Loans receivable: Ending balance, total $ 33,800 $ 104,875 $ 4,993 $ 71,444 $ 215,112 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,667 $ 12,616 $ 84 $ 7,254 $ 21,621 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 32,133 $ 92,259 $ 4,909 $ 64,190 $ 193,491 December 31, 2015 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 597 $ 3,591 $ 185 $ 1,414 $ 5,787 Charge-offs (539 ) (1,212 ) (81 ) (501 ) (2,333 ) Recoveries 200 727 37 183 1,147 Provision 694 (563 ) (61 ) (70 ) — Ending balance $ 952 $ 2,543 $ 80 $ 1,026 $ 4,601 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 137 $ 396 $ 10 $ 560 $ 1,103 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 815 $ 2,147 $ 70 $ 466 $ 3,498 Loans receivable: Ending balance, total $ 27,881 $ 101,291 $ 5,114 $ 75,081 $ 209,367 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,727 $ 21,582 $ 134 $ 9,418 $ 33,861 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 25,154 $ 79,709 $ 4,980 $ 65,663 $ 175,506 December 31, 2014 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,020 $ 5,312 $ 144 $ 2,967 $ 9,443 Charge-offs (1,068 ) (4,646 ) (343 ) (974 ) (7,031 ) Recoveries 549 1,117 38 610 2,314 Provision 96 1,808 346 (1,189 ) 1,061 Ending balance $ 597 $ 3,591 $ 185 $ 1,414 $ 5,787 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 151 $ 1,008 $ 11 $ 737 $ 1,907 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 446 $ 2,583 $ 174 $ 677 $ 3,880 Loans receivable: Ending balance, total $ 30,894 $ 113,852 $ 6,229 $ 84,568 $ 235,543 Ending balances: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,644 $ 25,146 $ 175 $ 12,418 $ 41,383 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 27,250 $ 88,706 $ 6,054 $ 72,150 $ 194,160 Loan Performance and Asset Quality Generally, a loan will be placed on nonaccrual status when it becomes 90 days past due as to principal or interest, or when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that the borrower’s financial condition is such that collection of the loan is doubtful. When a loan is placed in nonaccrual status, interest accruals are discontinued and income earned but not collected is reversed. Cash receipts on nonaccrual loans are not recorded as interest income, but are used to reduce principal. The following chart summarizes delinquencies and nonaccruals, by portfolio class, as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Loans Non- Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable accrual Commercial $ 82 $ — $ 16 $ 98 $ 33,702 $ 33,800 $ 32 Commercial real estate: Construction 96 — — 96 22,885 22,981 21 Other 782 — 1,219 2,001 79,893 81,894 1,413 Real Estate: Residential 86 133 411 630 70,814 71,444 559 Consumer: Other 34 17 — 51 4,403 4,454 — Revolving credit 2 — — 2 537 539 — Total $ 1,082 $ 150 $ 1,646 $ 2,878 $ 212,234 $ 215,112 $ 2,025 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Loans Non- Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable accrual Commercial $ 321 $ 110 $ 1 $ 432 $ 27,449 $ 27,881 $ 139 Commercial real estate: Construction 25 — 3,186 3,211 27,321 30,532 3,384 Other 973 — 3,046 4,019 66,740 70,759 3,895 Real Estate: Residential 2,887 142 948 3,977 71,104 75,081 1,314 Consumer: Other 108 18 10 136 4,395 4,531 10 Revolving credit 4 — — 4 579 583 — Total $ 4,318 $ 270 $ 7,191 $ 11,779 $ 197,588 $ 209,367 $ 8,742 December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Loans Non- Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable accrual Commercial $ 282 $ 27 $ — $ 309 $ 30,585 $ 30,894 $ 633 Commercial real estate: Construction 199 — 364 563 30,907 31,470 4,464 Other 493 283 2,023 2,799 79,583 82,382 2,643 Real Estate: Residential 2,576 372 2,810 5,758 78,810 84,568 3,917 Consumer: Other 101 2 — 103 5,449 5,552 — Revolving credit 4 4 1 9 668 677 4 Total $ 3,655 $ 688 $ 5,198 $ 9,541 $ 226,002 $ 235,543 $ 11,661 There were no loans outstanding 90 days or more and still accruing interest at December 31, 2016 or 2015. At December 31, 2014, one residential real estate loan in the amount of $170 thousand was past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest. The following tables summarize management’s internal credit risk grades, by portfolio class, as of December 31: December 31, 2016 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Grade 1 - Minimal $ 1,781 $ — $ 383 $ — $ 2,164 Grade 2 – Modest 934 122 112 573 1,741 Grade 3 – Average 2,226 13,877 84 6,588 22,775 Grade 4 – Satisfactory 19,973 58,149 3,971 45,208 127,301 Grade 5 – Watch 7,125 21,807 234 11,531 40,697 Grade 6 – Special Mention 1,484 900 140 1,517 4,041 Grade 7 – Substandard 277 10,020 69 6,027 16,393 Grade 8 – Doubtful — — — — — Grade 9 – Loss — — — — — Total loans receivable $ 33,800 $ 104,875 $ 4,993 $ 71,444 $ 215,112 December 31, 2015 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Grade 1 - Minimal $ 975 $ — $ 434 $ — $ 1,409 Grade 2 – Modest 561 1,024 37 277 1,899 Grade 3 – Average 4,934 5,620 218 4,716 15,488 Grade 4 – Satisfactory 14,693 58,549 4,031 53,187 130,460 Grade 5 – Watch 2,445 9,654 152 2,988 15,239 Grade 6 – Special Mention 992 6,321 98 3,544 10,955 Grade 7 – Substandard 3,281 20,123 144 10,369 33,917 Grade 8 – Doubtful — — — — — Grade 9 – Loss — — — — — Total loans receivable $ 27,881 $ 101,291 $ 5,114 $ 75,081 $ 209,367 December 31, 2014 ( Dollars in thousands Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total Grade 1 - Minimal $ 1,093 $ — $ 531 $ — $ 1,624 Grade 2 – Modest 1,164 679 93 1,216 3,152 Grade 3 – Average 3,868 5,618 156 4,688 14,330 Grade 4 – Satisfactory 16,367 59,536 4,928 56,758 137,589 Grade 5 – Watch 2,905 16,091 178 4,695 23,869 Grade 6 – Special Mention 1,191 4,249 132 3,747 9,319 Grade 7 – Substandard 4,306 27,679 211 13,464 45,660 Grade 8 – Doubtful — — — — — Grade 9 – Loss — — — — — Total loans receivable $ 30,894 $ 113,852 $ 6,229 $ 84,568 $ 235,543 Loans graded one through four are considered “pass” credits. As of December 31, 2016, $154.0 million, or 71.6% of the loan portfolio had a credit grade of “minimal,” “modest,” “average” or “satisfactory.” For loans to qualify for this grade, they must be performing relatively close to expectations, with no significant departures from the intended source and timing of repayment. Loans with a credit grade of “watch” and “special mention” are not considered classified; however, they are categorized as a watch list credit and are considered potential problem loans. This classification is utilized by us when there is an initial concern about the financial health of a borrower. These loans are designated as such in order to be monitored more closely than other credits in the portfolio. Loans on the watch list are not considered problem loans until they are determined by management to be classified as substandard. As of December 31, 2016, loans with a credit grade of “watch” and “special mention” totaled $44.7 million. Watch list loans are considered potential problem loans and are monitored as they may develop into problem loans in the future. Loans graded “substandard”, “doubtful”, and “loss” are considered classified credits. At December 31, 2016, classified loans totaled $16.4 million, with $16.0 million being collateralized by real estate. This amount included $10.1 million in TDRs, of which $8.9 million were considered to be performing at December 31, 2016. Classified credits are evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis. The Company identifies impaired loans through its normal internal loan review process. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by calculating either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, if the loan is collateral dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs), an impairment is recognized by establishing or adjusting an existing allocation of the allowance, or by recording a partial charge-off of the loan to its fair value . Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Impaired consumer and residential loans are identified for impairment disclosures; however, it is policy to individually evaluate for impairment all loans with a credit grade of “special mention”, “substandard”, “doubtful”, and “loss.” Impaired loans are valued on a nonrecurring basis at the lower of cost or market value of the underlying collateral, less any selling costs, or based on the net present value of cash flows. For loans valued based on collateral, market values were obtained using independent appraisals, updated every 18 to 24 months, in accordance with our reappraisal policy, or other market data such as recent offers to the borrower. At December 31, 2016, the recorded investment in impaired loans was $21.6 million, compared to $33.9 million and $41.4 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. This reduction in impaired loans was due to the sale of nonperforming loans as well as the upgrade of loans due to improved financial condition. The following chart details our impaired loans, which includes TDRs totaling $19.7 million, $29.1 million and $33.2 million, by category as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively: December 31, 2016 ( Dollars in thousands Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 720 $ 720 $ — $ 732 $ 43 Commercial real estate 9,194 12,597 — 9,332 574 Residential 4,365 4,553 — 4,390 248 Consumer 33 33 — 34 3 Total: 14,312 17,903 — 14,488 868 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 947 947 25 956 37 Commercial real estate 3,422 3,422 291 3,433 178 Residential 2,889 2,889 320 2,895 120 Consumer 51 51 7 52 2 Total: 7,309 7,309 643 7,336 337 Total: Commercial 1,667 1,667 25 1,688 80 Commercial real estate 12,616 16,019 291 12,765 752 Residential 7,254 7,442 320 7,285 368 Consumer 84 84 7 86 5 Total: $ 21,621 $ 25,212 $ 643 $ 21,824 $ 1,205 December 31, 2015 ( Dollars in thousands Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 1,070 $ 1,339 $ — $ 1,319 $ 72 Commercial real estate 17,180 22,037 — 18,989 722 Residential 4,016 4,338 — 4,936 137 Consumer 68 68 — 84 7 Total: 22,334 27,782 — 25,328 938 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 1,657 1,657 137 1,729 79 Commercial real estate 4,402 4,402 396 4,461 207 Residential 5,402 5,443 560 5,445 215 Consumer 66 66 10 66 3 Total: 11,527 11,568 1,103 11,701 504 Total: Commercial 2,727 2,996 137 3,048 151 Commercial real estate 21,582 26,439 396 23,450 929 Residential 9,418 9,781 560 10,381 352 Consumer 134 134 10 150 10 Total: $ 33,861 $ 39,350 $ 1,103 $ 37,029 $ 1,442 December 31, 2014 ( Dollars in thousands Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial $ 1,852 $ 2,678 $ — $ 2,649 $ 79 Commercial real estate 19,156 24,441 — 22,377 1,083 Residential 5,950 6,528 — 6,249 268 Consumer 32 32 — 34 3 Total: 26,990 33,679 — 31,309 1,433 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 1,792 1,792 151 1,892 81 Commercial real estate 5,990 6,194 1,008 6,143 282 Residential 6,468 6,468 737 6,506 271 Consumer 143 143 11 150 8 Total: 14,393 14,597 1,907 14,691 642 Total: Commercial 3,644 4,470 151 4,541 160 Commercial real estate 25,146 30,635 1,008 28,520 1,365 Residential 12,418 12,996 737 12,755 539 Consumer 175 175 11 184 11 Total: $ 41,383 $ 48,276 $ 1,907 $ 46,000 $ 2,075 TDRs are loans which have been restructured from their original contractual terms and include concessions that would not otherwise have been granted outside of the financial difficulty of the borrower. We only restructure loans for borrowers in financial difficulty that have designed a viable business plan to fully pay off all obligations, including outstanding debt, interest and fees, either by generating additional income from the business or through liquidation of assets. Generally, these loans are restructured to provide the borrower additional time to execute upon their plans. With respect to restructured loans, we typically grant concessions by (1) reduction of the stated interest rate for the remaining original life of the debt, or (2) extension of the maturity date at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk. We do not generally grant concessions through forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. Restructured loans where a concession has been granted through extension of the maturity date generally include extension of payments in an interest only period, extension of payments with capitalized interest and extension of payments through a forbearance agreement. These extended payment terms are also combined with a reduction of the stated interest rate in certain cases. Success in restructuring loans has been mixed but it has proven to be a useful tool in certain situations to protect collateral values and allow certain borrowers additional time to execute upon defined business plans. In situations where a TDR is unsuccessful and the borrower is unable to follow through with terms of the restricted agreement, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status and continues to be written down to the underlying collateral value. Our policy with respect to accrual of interest on loans restructured in a TDR follows relevant supervisory guidance. That is, if a borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous loan terms and shows capacity to perform under the restructured loan terms, continued accrual of interest at the restructured interest rate is likely. If a borrower was materially delinquent on payments prior to the restructuring but shows capacity to meet the restructured loan terms, the loan will likely continue as nonaccrual going forward. Lastly, if the borrower does not perform under the restructured terms, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status. We will continue to closely monitor these loans and will cease accruing interest on them if management believes that the borrowers may not continue performing based on the restructured note terms. If, after previously being classified as a TDR, a loan is restructured a second time, then that loan is automatically placed on nonaccrual status. Our policy with respect to nonperforming loans requires the borrower to make a minimum of six consecutive payments in accordance with the loan terms before that loan can be placed back on accrual status. Further, the borrower must show capacity to continue performing into the future prior to restoration of accrual status. We believe that all of our modified loans meet the definition of a TDR. The following is a summary of information pertaining to our TDRs: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Nonperforming TDRs $ 1,269 $ 5,449 $ 5,013 Performing TDRs: Commercial 1,635 2,565 2,942 Commercial real estate 10,554 13,883 17,499 Residential 6,133 7,059 7,537 Consumer 84 106 175 Total performing TDRs 18,406 23,613 28,153 Total TDRs $ 19,675 $ 29,062 $ 33,166 The following table summarizes how loans that were considered TDRs were modified during the years indicated: For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) TDRs identified during the current year TDRs that subsequently defaulted (1) Number Pre- Post Number Pre- Post- Commercial real estate 4 $ 475 $ 312 — $ — $ — Residential 9 1,257 1,201 — — — Commercial 8 380 380 1 30 30 Consumer — — — — — — Total 21 $ 2,112 $ 1,893 1 $ 30 $ 30 For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) TDRs identified during the current year TDRs that subsequently defaulted (1) Number Pre- Post Number Pre- Post- Commercial real estate 6 $ 475 $ 475 — $ — $ — Residential 8 755 714 2 412 372 Commercial 3 272 191 — — — Consumer 3 13 13 — — — Total 20 $ 1,515 $ 1,393 2 $ 412 $ 372 For the Year Ended December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) TDRs identified during the current year TDRs that subsequently defaulted (1) Number Pre- Post Number Pre- Post- Commercial real estate 25 $ 6,016 $ 5,837 1 $ 36 $ 36 Residential 19 3,171 2,992 3 518 518 Commercial 5 455 455 — — — Consumer 2 31 31 — — — Total 51 $ 9,673 $ 9,315 4 $ 554 $ 554 (1) Portions of the allowance for loan losses may be allocated for specific loans or portfolio segments. However, the entire allowance for loan losses is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off. While management utilizes the best judgment and information available to it, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance for loan losses depends on a variety of factors beyond our control, including the performance of our loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates, and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. If delinquencies and defaults increase, we may be required to increase our provision for loan losses, which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. There can be no assurance that charge-offs of loans in future periods will not exceed the allowance for loan losses as estimated at any point in time or that provisions for loan losses will not be significant to a particular accounting period. The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheets. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual or notional amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The fair value of standby letters of credit is insignificant. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counter-party. Collateral held for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, equipment, and income-producing commercial properties. The following table summarizes the Company’s off-balance sheet financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Commitments to extend credit $ 33,155 $ 21,318 $ 27,017 Standby letters of credit 444 257 247 |