3. Loans | Major classifications of loans at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 75,483 61,749 Single-family residential 247,184 240,700 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 37,840 40,189 Commercial 245,279 247,521 Multifamily and farmland 28,662 21,047 Total real estate loans 634,448 611,206 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 87,019 87,596 Farm loans 895 - Consumer loans 10,005 9,832 All other loans 15,070 15,177 Total loans 747,437 723,811 Less allowance for loan losses 6,844 7,550 Total net loans $ 740,593 716,261 The Bank grants loans and extensions of credit primarily within the Catawba Valley region of North Carolina, which encompasses Catawba, Alexander, Iredell and Lincoln counties, and also in Mecklenburg, Wake and Durham counties of North Carolina. Although the Bank has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of the loan portfolio is collateralized by improved and unimproved real estate, the value of which is dependent upon the real estate market. Risk characteristics of the major components of the Bank’s loan portfolio are discussed below: ● Construction and land development loans – The risk of loss is largely dependent on the initial estimate of whether the property’s value at completion equals or exceeds the cost of property construction and the availability of take-out financing. During the construction phase, a number of factors can result in delays or cost overruns. If the estimate is inaccurate or if actual construction costs exceed estimates, the value of the property securing the loan may be insufficient to ensure full repayment when completed through a permanent loan, sale of the property, or by seizure of collateral. As of September 30, 2017, construction and land development loans comprised approximately 10% of the Bank’s total loan portfolio. ● Single-family residential loans – Declining home sales volumes, decreased real estate values and higher than normal levels of unemployment could contribute to losses on these loans. As of September 30, 2017, single-family residential loans comprised approximately 38% of the Bank’s total loan portfolio, and include Banco’s single-family residential stated income loans, which were approximately 5% of the Bank’s total loan portfolio. ● Commercial real estate loans – Repayment is dependent on income being generated in amounts sufficient to cover operating expenses and debt service. These loans also involve greater risk because they are generally not fully amortizing over a loan period, but rather have a balloon payment due at maturity. A borrower’s ability to make a balloon payment typically will depend on being able to either refinance the loan or timely sell the underlying property. As of September 30, 2017, commercial real estate loans comprised approximately 33% of the Bank’s total loan portfolio. ● Commercial loans – Repayment is generally dependent upon the successful operation of the borrower’s business. In addition, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, be difficult to appraise, be illiquid or fluctuate in value based on the success of the business. As of September 30, 2017, commercial loans comprised approximately 12% of the Bank’s total loan portfolio. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Loans may be placed on non-accrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all of the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans, by loan type, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: September 30, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Past Due Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Accruing Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 206 - 206 75,277 75,483 - Single-family residential 2,268 416 2,684 244,500 247,184 - Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 1,363 462 1,825 36,015 37,840 - Commercial 27 229 256 245,023 245,279 - Multifamily and farmland - 12 12 28,650 28,662 - Total real estate loans 3,864 1,119 4,983 629,465 634,448 - Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 121 1,013 1,134 85,885 87,019 - Farm loans - - - 895 895 - Consumer loans 93 5 98 9,907 10,005 - All other loans - - - 15,070 15,070 - Total loans $ 4,078 2,137 6,215 741,222 747,437 - December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Past Due Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Accruing Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ - 10 10 61,739 61,749 - Single-family residential 4,890 80 4,970 235,730 240,700 - Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 5,250 249 5,499 34,690 40,189 - Commercial 342 126 468 247,053 247,521 - Multifamily and farmland 471 - 471 20,576 21,047 - Total real estate loans 10,953 465 11,418 599,788 611,206 - Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 273 - 273 87,323 87,596 - Farm loans - - - - - - Consumer loans 68 6 74 9,758 9,832 - All other loans 3 - 3 15,174 15,177 - Total loans $ 11,297 471 11,768 712,043 723,811 - The following table presents non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 16 22 Single-family residential 1,728 1,662 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 1,502 1,340 Commercial 1,422 669 Multifamily and farmland 12 78 Total real estate loans 4,680 3,771 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 229 21 Consumer loans 22 33 Total $ 4,931 3,825 At each reporting period, the Bank determines which loans are impaired. Accordingly, the Bank’s impaired loans are reported at their estimated fair value on a non-recurring basis. An allowance for each impaired loan that is collateral-dependent is calculated based on the fair value of its collateral. The fair value of the collateral is based on appraisals performed by REAS, a subsidiary of the Bank. REAS is staffed by certified appraisers that also perform appraisals for other companies. Factors, including the assumptions and techniques utilized by the appraiser, are considered by management. If the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds the measure of fair value of the collateral, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan losses. An allowance for each impaired loan that is not collateral dependent is calculated based on the present value of projected cash flows. If the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds the present value of projected cash flows, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan losses. Impaired loans under $250,000 are not individually evaluated for impairment with the exception of the Bank’s troubled debt restructured (“TDR”) loans in the residential mortgage loan portfolio, which are individually evaluated for impairment. Accruing impaired loans were $21.3 million, $23.5 million and $22.9 million at September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively. Interest income recognized on accruing impaired loans was $1.1 million, $871,000 and $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2016, respectively. No interest income is recognized on non-accrual impaired loans subsequent to their classification as non-accrual. The following table presents impaired loans as of September 30, 2017: September 30, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Recorded Investment in Impaired Loans Related Allowance Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 216 - 221 221 7 Single-family residential 4,978 1,142 4,232 5,374 42 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 17,127 - 17,743 17,743 1,123 Commercial 3,513 1,619 2,181 3,800 45 Multifamily and farmland 12 - 78 78 - Total impaired real estate loans 25,846 2,761 24,455 27,216 1,217 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 233 229 39 268 - Consumer loans 179 - 189 189 3 Total impaired loans $ 26,258 2,990 24,683 27,673 1,220 The following table presents the average impaired loan balance and the interest income recognized by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. (Dollars in thousands) Three months ended Nine months ended September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 246 5 369 3 253 11 375 10 Single-family residential 4,783 71 6,556 40 5,113 202 8,921 122 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 17,283 225 17,395 207 17,235 694 17,673 657 Commercial 3,852 18 4,013 24 3,712 144 5,376 73 Multifamily and farmland 12 - 78 - 45 - 79 3 Total impaired real estate loans 26,176 319 28,411 274 26,358 1,051 32,424 865 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 243 - 116 - 130 3 123 - Consumer loans 183 3 225 2 206 8 235 6 Total impaired loans $ 26,602 322 28,752 276 26,694 1,062 32,782 871 The following table presents impaired loans as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016: December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Recorded Investment in Impaired Loans Related Allowance Average Outstanding Impaired Loans YTD Interest Income Recognized Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 282 - 278 278 11 330 13 Single-family residential 5,354 703 4,323 5,026 47 7,247 164 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 18,611 - 18,074 18,074 1,182 17,673 861 Commercial 3,750 1,299 2,197 3,496 166 4,657 152 Multifamily and farmland 78 - 78 78 - 78 - Total impaired real estate loans 28,075 2,002 24,950 26,952 1,406 29,985 1,190 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 27 - 27 27 - 95 - Consumer loans 211 - 202 202 3 222 8 Total impaired loans $ 28,313 2,002 25,179 27,181 1,409 30,302 1,198 Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single- Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Stated Income Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer and All Other Unallocated Total Nine months ended September 30, 2017: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,152 2,126 1,377 1,593 52 675 - 204 371 7,550 Charge-offs - (64 ) - - (66 ) (63 ) - (288 ) - (481 ) Recoveries 12 26 - 17 - 23 - 102 - 180 Provision (178 ) (211 ) (101 ) (192 ) 86 (74 ) - 143 122 (405 ) Ending balance $ 986 1,877 1,276 1,418 72 561 - 161 493 6,844 Three months ended September 30, 2017: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,183 1,819 1,293 1,463 75 704 - 158 472 7,167 Charge-offs - (20 ) - - - (26 ) - (106 ) - (152 ) Recoveries 2 9 - 4 - 8 - 24 - 47 Provision (199 ) 69 (17 ) (49 ) (3 ) (125 ) - 85 21 (218 ) Ending balance $ 986 1,877 1,276 1,418 72 561 - 161 493 6,844 Allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2017: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - - 1,104 42 - - - - - 1,146 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 986 1,877 172 1,376 72 561 - 161 493 5,698 Ending balance $ 986 1,877 1,276 1,418 72 561 - 161 493 6,844 Loans at September 30, 2017: Ending balance $ 75,483 247,184 37,840 245,279 28,662 87,019 895 25,075 - 747,437 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 10 1,875 15,732 3,069 - 229 - - - 20,915 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 75,473 245,309 22,108 242,210 28,662 86,790 895 25,075 - 726,522 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single- Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Stated Income Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer and All Other Unallocated Total Nine months ended September 30, 2016: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 2,185 2,534 1,460 1,917 - 842 - 172 479 9,589 Charge-offs - (158 ) - (106 ) - (129 ) - (361 ) - (754 ) Recoveries 8 18 - 15 - 165 - 112 - 318 Provision (808 ) (388 ) (60 ) (250 ) 47 (118 ) - 291 178 (1,108 ) Ending balance $ 1,385 2,006 1,400 1,576 47 760 - 214 657 8,045 Three months ended September 30, 2016: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,582 2,233 1,354 1,650 46 803 - 234 638 8,540 Charge-offs - (35 ) - - - (89 ) - (122 ) - (246 ) Recoveries 2 6 - 5 - 60 - 38 - 111 Provision (199 ) (198 ) 46 (79 ) 1 (14 ) - 64 19 (360 ) Ending balance $ 1,385 2,006 1,400 1,576 47 760 - 214 657 8,045 Allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2016: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - - 1,164 167 - - - - - 1,331 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 1,385 2,006 236 1,409 47 760 - 214 657 6,714 Ending balance $ 1,385 2,006 1,400 1,576 47 760 - 214 657 8,045 Loans at September 30, 2016: Ending balance $ 59,456 231,958 40,934 240,150 18,727 94,790 - 27,004 - 713,019 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - 1,019 16,890 3,586 - - - - - 21,495 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 59,456 230,939 24,044 236,564 18,727 94,790 - 27,004 - 691,524 The provision for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was a credit of $218,000, as compared to a credit of $360,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in the credit to the provision for loan losses is primarily attributable to a $34.4 million increase in loans from September 30, 2016 to September 30, 2017. The provision for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was a credit of $405,000, as compared to a credit of $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease in the credit to the provision for loan losses is primarily attributable to a $34.4 million increase in loans from September 30, 2016 to September 30, 2017. The Company utilizes an internal risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 8. These risk grades are evaluated on an ongoing basis. A description of the general characteristics of the eight risk grades is as follows: ● Risk Grade 1 – Excellent Quality: Loans are well above average quality and a minimal amount of credit risk exists. Certificates of deposit or cash secured loans or properly margined actively traded stock or bond secured loans would fall in this grade. ● Risk Grade 2 – High Quality: Loans are of good quality with risk levels well within the Company’s range of acceptability. The organization or individual is established with a history of successful performance though somewhat susceptible to economic changes. ● Risk Grade 3 – Good Quality: Loans of average quality with risk levels within the Company’s range of acceptability but higher than normal. This may be a new organization or an existing organization in a transitional phase (e.g. expansion, acquisition, market change). ● Risk Grade 4 – Management Attention: These loans have higher risk and servicing needs but still are acceptable. Evidence of marginal performance or deteriorating trends is observed. These are not problem credits presently, but may be in the future if the borrower is unable to change its present course. ● Risk Grade 5 – Watch: These loans are currently performing satisfactorily, but there has been some recent past due history on repayment and there are potential weaknesses that may, if not corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s position at some future date. ● Risk Grade 6 – Substandard: A Substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged (if there is any). There is a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. There is a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. ● Risk Grade 7 – Doubtful: Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as Substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. Doubtful is a temporary grade where a loss is expected but is presently not quantified with any degree of accuracy. Once the loss position is determined, the amount is charged off. ● Risk Grade 8 – Loss: Loans classified as Loss are considered uncollectable and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this worthless loan even though partial recovery may be realized in the future. Loss is a temporary grade until the appropriate authority is obtained to charge the loan off. The following tables present the credit risk profile of each loan type based on internally assigned risk grades as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: September 30, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single- Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Stated Income Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer All Other Total 1- Excellent Quality $ - 11,007 - - - 562 - 838 - 12,407 2- High Quality 11,541 118,964 - 35,461 1,986 18,836 - 3,502 1,161 191,451 3- Good Quality 51,307 87,337 15,318 190,950 23,565 62,767 756 5,015 13,096 450,111 4- Management Attention 6,063 21,783 15,318 13,366 1,942 4,362 139 582 813 64,368 5- Watch 6,285 4,679 3,506 4,034 1,157 235 - 24 - 19,920 6- Substandard 287 3,414 3,698 1,468 12 257 - 44 - 9,180 7- Doubtful - - - - - - - - - - 8- Loss - - - - - - - - - - Total $ 75,483 247,184 37,840 245,279 28,662 87,019 895 10,005 15,070 747,437 December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single- Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Stated Income Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer All Other Total 1- Excellent Quality $ - 14,996 - - - 541 - 959 - 16,496 2- High Quality 9,784 109,809 - 39,769 2,884 26,006 - 3,335 2,507 194,094 3- Good Quality 33,633 82,147 16,703 176,109 14,529 55,155 - 4,842 10,921 394,039 4- Management Attention 10,892 25,219 15,580 24,753 2,355 5,586 - 619 1,749 86,753 5- Watch 7,229 4,682 3,943 4,906 1,201 246 - 31 - 22,238 6- Substandard 211 3,847 3,963 1,984 78 62 - 42 - 10,187 7- Doubtful - - - - - - - - - - 8- Loss - - - - - - - 4 - 4 Total $ 61,749 240,700 40,189 247,521 21,047 87,596 - 9,832 15,177 723,811 Current year TDR modifications, past due TDR loans and non-accrual TDR loans totaled $2.6 million and $5.9 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The terms of these loans have been renegotiated to provide a concession to original terms, including a reduction in principal or interest as a result of the deteriorating financial position of the borrower. There were $22,000 and $81,000 in performing loans classified as TDR loans at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following table presents an analysis of TDR loan modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. Three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Real estate loans Single-family residential 2 $ 22 22 Total real estate TDR loans 2 22 22 Total TDR loans 2 $ 22 22 During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, two loans were modified that were considered to be new TDR loans. The interest rate was modified on these TDR loans. The following table presents an analysis of TDR loan modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. Three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Real estate loans Single-family residential 1 $ 41 41 Total real estate TDR loans 1 41 41 Total TDR loans 1 $ 41 41 During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, one loan was modified that was considered to be a new TDR loan. The interest rate was modified on this TDR loan. There were no loans modified as TDR that defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, which were within 12 months of their modification date. Generally, a TDR loan is considered to be in default once it becomes 90 days or more past due following a modification. |