Loans | (3) Loans Major classifications of loans at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 112,854 95,760 Single-family residential 312,208 266,111 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 20,469 23,147 Commercial 399,015 337,841 Multifamily and farmland 62,040 58,366 Total real estate loans 906,586 781,225 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 76,434 91,172 Farm loans 961 796 Consumer loans 6,438 6,436 All other loans 14,488 5,240 Total loans 1,004,907 884,869 Less allowance for loan losses (10,030 ) (9,355 ) Total net loans $ 994,877 875,514 The Bank makes loans and extensions of credit primarily within the Catawba Valley region of North Carolina, which encompasses Catawba, Alexander, Iredell and Lincoln counties and also in Mecklenburg, Wake, Rowan and Forsyth counties of North Carolina. Although the Bank has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of the loan portfolio is collateralized by improved and unimproved real estate, the value of which is dependent upon the real estate market. Risk characteristics of the major components of the Bank’s loan portfolio are discussed below: · Construction and land development loans – The risk of loss is largely dependent on the initial estimate of whether the property’s value at completion equals or exceeds the cost of property construction and the availability of take-out financing. During the construction phase, a number of factors can result in delays or cost overruns. If the estimate is inaccurate or if actual construction costs exceed estimates, the value of the property securing the loan may be insufficient to ensure full repayment when completed through a permanent loan, sale of the property, or by seizure of collateral. · Single-family residential loans – Declining home sales volumes, decreased real estate values and higher than normal levels of unemployment could contribute to losses on these loans. · Commercial real estate loans – Repayment is dependent on income being generated in amounts sufficient to cover operating expenses and debt service. These loans also involve greater risk because they are generally not fully amortizing over the loan period, but rather have a balloon payment due at maturity. A borrower’s ability to make a balloon payment typically will depend on being able to either refinance the loan or timely sell the underlying property. · Commercial loans – Repayment is generally dependent upon the successful operation of the borrower’s business. In addition, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, be difficult to appraise, be illiquid, or fluctuate in value based on the success of the business. · Multifamily and farmland loans – Decreased real estate values and higher than normal levels of unemployment could contribute to losses on these loans. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received within 30 days of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Generally, a loan is placed on non-accrual status when it is over 90 days past due and there is reasonable doubt that all principal will be collected. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans, by loan type, as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: September 30, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Past Due Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Accruing Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 513 - 513 112,341 - 112,854 - Single-family residential 1,050 158 1,208 311,000 - 312,208 - Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 602 191 793 19,676 - 20,469 - Commercial 123 - 123 398,892 - 399,015 - Multifamily and farmland - - - 62,040 - 62,040 - Total real estate loans 2,288 349 2,637 903,949 - 906,586 - Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 1,237 - 1,237 75,197 - 76,434 - Farm loans - - - 961 - 961 - Consumer loans 41 3 44 6,394 - 6,438 - All other loans - - - 14,488 - 14,488 - Total loans $ 3,566 352 3,918 1,000,989 - 1,004,907 - December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-89 Days Past Due Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Accruing Loans 90 or More Days Past Due Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ - - - 95,760 95,760 - Single-family residential 2,323 634 2,957 263,154 266,111 - Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 2,593 112 2,705 20,442 23,147 - Commercial 488 - 488 337,353 337,841 - Multifamily and farmland - - - 58,366 58,366 - Total real estate loans 5,404 746 6,150 775,075 781,225 - Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 43 - 43 91,129 91,172 - Farm loans - - - 796 796 - Consumer loans 38 - 38 6,398 6,436 - All other loans - - - 5,240 5,240 - Total loans $ 5,485 746 6,231 878,638 884,869 - The following table presents non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ - - Single-family residential 1,999 1,642 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 1,462 1,232 Commercial 133 200 Multifamily and farmland 96 105 Total real estate loans 3,690 3,179 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans - 49 Consumer loans 18 2 Total $ 3,708 3,230 At each reporting period, the Bank determines which loans are impaired. Accordingly, the Bank’s impaired loans are reported at their estimated fair value on a non-recurring basis. An allowance for each impaired loan that is collateral-dependent is calculated based on the fair value of its collateral less estimated selling costs. The fair value of the collateral is based on appraisals performed by REAS, a subsidiary of the Bank. REAS is staffed by certified appraisers that also perform appraisals for other companies. Factors, including the assumptions and techniques utilized by the appraiser, are considered by management. If the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds the measure of fair value of the collateral, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan losses. An allowance for each impaired loan that is not collateral dependent is calculated based on the present value of projected cash flows. If the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds the present value of projected cash flows, a valuation allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan losses. Impaired loans under $250,000 are not individually evaluated for impairment with the exception of the Bank’s Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) loans in the residential mortgage loan portfolio, which are individually evaluated for impairment. Impaired loans were $15.7 million and $18.3 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Interest income recognized on accruing impaired loans was $649,000 and $754,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Interest income recognized on accruing impaired loans was $217,000 and $253,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and the three months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. No interest income is recognized on non-accrual impaired loans subsequent to their classification as non-accrual. The following table presents impaired loans as of September 30, 2022: September 30, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Recorded Investment in Impaired Loans Related Allowance Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 59 - 59 59 1 Single-family residential 3,929 240 3,381 3,621 62 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 10,557 - 9,890 9,890 619 Commercial 1,996 426 1,502 1,928 9 Multifamily and farmland 107 - 96 96 - Total impaired real estate loans 16,648 666 14,928 15,594 691 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 130 - 130 130 1 Consumer loans 21 - 20 20 - Total impaired loans $ 16,799 666 15,078 15,744 692 The following table presents impaired loans as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021: December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Recorded Investment in Impaired Loans Related Allowance Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 73 - 73 73 3 Single-family residential 5,138 524 4,374 4,898 86 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional 11,753 - 10,922 10,922 687 Commercial 2,138 435 1,608 2,043 11 Multifamily and farmland 113 - 105 105 - Total impaired real estate loans 19,215 959 17,082 18,041 787 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 282 49 170 219 2 Consumer loans 8 - 4 4 - Total impaired loans $ 19,505 1,008 17,256 18,264 789 The following table presents the average impaired loan balance and the interest income recognized by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. (Dollars in thousands) Three months ended Nine months ended September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Real estate loans: Construction and land development $ 60 1 76 1 65 4 91 5 Single-family residential 1,393 51 5,875 49 1,131 150 5,683 166 Single-family residential - Banco de la Gente stated income 12,487 134 10,349 140 13,454 407 11,090 477 Commercial 1,939 25 2,280 20 1,985 75 2,617 85 Multifamily and farmland 97 1 110 2 100 4 113 4 Total impaired real estate loans 15,976 212 18,690 212 16,735 640 19,594 737 Loans not secured by real estate: Commercial loans 138 3 248 5 163 7 330 16 Farm loans (non RE) - - - - - - - Consumer loans 21 1 9 - 14 2 19 1 Total impaired loans $ 16,135 216 18,947 217 16,912 649 19,943 754 Impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment totaled $5.1 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and are included in the tables above. Allowance on impaired loans collectively evaluated for impairment totaled $44,000 and $52,000 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The following tables present changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Unallocated balances in the following tables include allowance for loan losses based on qualitative factors such as economic outlook, concentrations of credit, interest rate risk and loan volume trends. Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans are excluded from the allowance for loan losses as PPP loans are 100 percent guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single-Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Non-traditional Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer and All Other Unallocated Total Nine months ended September 30, 2022: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,193 2,013 864 2,234 150 711 - 110 2,080 9,355 Charge-offs - (120 ) - - - (20 ) - (450 ) - (590 ) Recoveries - 219 - 6 - 64 - 87 - 376 Provision 180 78 (101 ) 885 5 (14 ) - 467 (611 ) 889 Ending balance $ 1,373 2,190 763 3,125 155 741 - 214 1,469 10,030 Three months ended September 30, 2022: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,272 2,171 813 3,156 157 633 - 216 1,371 9,789 Charge-offs - (89 ) - - - (13 ) - (204 ) - (306 ) Recoveries - 92 - 2 - 8 - 37 - 139 Provision 101 16 (50 ) (33 ) (2 ) 113 - 165 98 408 Ending balance $ 1,373 2,190 763 3,125 155 741 - 214 1,469 10,030 Allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2022: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - 37 605 6 - - - - - 648 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 1,373 2,153 158 3,119 155 741 - 214 1,469 9,382 Ending balance $ 1,373 2,190 763 3,125 155 741 - 214 1,469 10,030 Loans at September 30, 2022: Ending balance $ 112,854 312,208 20,469 399,015 62,040 76,434 961 20,926 - 1,004,907 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - 547 8,703 1,401 - - - - - 10,651 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 112,854 311,661 11,766 397,614 62,040 76,434 961 20,926 - 994,256 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single-Family Residential - Banco de la Gente Non-traditional Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer and All Other Unallocated Total Nine months ended September 30, 2021: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,196 1,843 1,052 2,212 122 1,345 - 128 2,010 9,908 Charge-offs - - - - - (293 ) - (249 ) - (542 ) Recoveries 121 165 - 50 3 7 - 114 - 460 Provision (421 ) (306 ) (162 ) 46 22 (153 ) - 98 13 (863 ) Ending balance $ 896 1,702 890 2,308 147 906 - 91 2,023 8,963 Three months ended September 30, 2021: Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 1,038 1,723 980 2,180 148 996 - 89 2,133 9,287 Charge-offs - - - - - (215 ) - (91 ) - (306 ) Recoveries 31 86 - 2 4 1 - 40 - 164 Provision (173 ) (107 ) (90 ) 126 (5 ) 124 - 53 (110 ) (182 ) Ending balance $ 896 1,702 890 2,308 147 906 - 91 2,023 8,963 Allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2021: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1 58 710 7 - - - - - 776 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 895 1,644 180 2,301 147 906 - 91 2,023 8,187 Ending balance $ 896 1,702 890 2,308 147 906 - 91 2,023 8,963 Loans at September 30, 2021: Ending balance $ 80,009 258,403 24,043 363,174 58,856 94,376 633 11,511 - 891,005 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 6 1,398 10,236 1,450 - 54 - - - 13,144 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 80,003 257,005 13,807 361,724 58,856 94,322 633 11,511 - 877,861 The Bank utilizes an internal risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 8. These risk grades are evaluated on an ongoing basis. A description of the general characteristics of the eight risk grades is as follows: · Risk Grade 1 – Excellent Quality: Loans are well above average quality and a minimal amount of credit risk exists. CD or cash secured loans or properly margined actively traded stock or bond secured loans would fall in this grade. · Risk Grade 2 – High Quality: Loans are of good quality with risk levels well within the Bank’s range of acceptability. The organization or individual is established with a history of successful performance though somewhat susceptible to economic changes. · Risk Grade 3 – Good Quality: Loans of average quality with risk levels within the Bank’s range of acceptability but higher than normal. This may be a new organization or an existing organization in a transitional phase (e.g. expansion, acquisition, market change). PPP loans are classified as risk grade 3. · Risk Grade 4 – Management Attention: These loans have higher risk and servicing needs but still are acceptable. Evidence of marginal performance or deteriorating trends is observed. These are not problem credits presently, but may be in the future if the borrower is unable to change its present course. · Risk Grade 5 – Watch: These loans are currently performing satisfactorily, but there has been some recent past due history on repayment and there are potential weaknesses that may, if not corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Bank’s position at some future date. · Risk Grade 6 – Substandard: A Substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged (if there is any). There is a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. There is a distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. · Risk Grade 7 – Doubtful: Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified Substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. Doubtful is a temporary grade where a loss is expected but is presently not quantified with any degree of accuracy. Once the loss position is determined, the amount is charged off. · Risk Grade 8 – Loss: Loans classified as Loss are considered uncollectable and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this worthless loan even though partial recovery may be realized in the future. Loss is a temporary grade until the appropriate authority is obtained to charge the loan off. The following tables present the credit risk profile of each loan type based on internally assigned risk grades as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: September 30, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single-Family Residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer All Other Total 1- Excellent Quality $ - 3,808 - - - 1,381 - 523 - 5,712 2- High Quality 18,162 129,784 - 30,197 17 16,163 - 2,064 1,427 197,814 3- Good Quality 93,266 163,179 7,777 334,206 59,539 56,973 961 3,600 12,782 732,283 4- Management Attention 1,307 11,046 9,130 31,732 1,869 1,127 - 225 133 56,569 5- Watch 60 915 1,150 2,321 519 786 - - 146 5,897 6- Substandard 59 3,476 2,412 559 96 4 - 26 - 6,632 7- Doubtful - - - - - - - - - - 8- Loss - - - - - - - - - - Total $ 112,854 312,208 20,469 399,015 62,040 76,434 961 6,438 14,488 1,004,907 December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Construction and Land Development Single-Family Residential Single-Family Residential - Banco de la Gente non-traditional Commercial Multifamily and Farmland Commercial Farm Consumer All Other Total 1- Excellent Quality $ - 5,923 - - - 371 - 581 - 6,875 2- High Quality 11,752 109,337 - 28,546 19 16,177 - 2,039 1,309 169,179 3- Good Quality 80,325 129,856 8,712 272,786 54,945 68,183 792 3,510 3,931 623,040 4- Management Attention 3,534 14,964 10,478 30,937 2,754 5,214 4 284 - 68,169 5- Watch 76 2,464 1,703 4,938 543 1,177 - 1 - 10,902 6- Substandard 73 3,567 2,254 634 105 50 - 21 - 6,704 7- Doubtful - - - - - - - - - - 8- Loss - - - - - - - - - - Total $ 95,760 266,111 23,147 337,841 58,366 91,172 796 6,436 5,240 884,869 There were no new TDR modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. There were no loans modified as TDR loans that defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, which were within 12 months of their modification date. On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed the CARES Act, which established a $2 trillion economic stimulus package, including cash payments to individuals, supplemental unemployment insurance benefits and a $349 billion loan program administered through the PPP. Under the PPP, small businesses, sole proprietorships, independent contractors and self-employed individuals were able to apply for loans from existing SBA lenders and other approved regulated lenders, subject to certain limitations and eligibility criteria. A second round of PPP funding provided a total of $320 billion additional funding for the PPP. The Bank participated as a lender in the PPP. Total PPP loans originated during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021 amounted to $128.1 million. The outstanding balance of PPP loans was $103,000 and $18.0 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These loans are classified as commercial loans in the tables above. The Bank recognized $54,000 and $489,000 of PPP loan fee income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and the three months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The Bank recognized $948,000 and $3.0 million of PPP loan fee income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. |