SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | ' |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | ' |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Business |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rainmaker Systems, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (“Rainmaker,” “we,” “our” or “the Company”). Rainmaker is an e-Commerce software company that helps multi-national companies address the B2B market by maximizing sales revenue for their products and services. Rainmaker provides these solutions on a global basis supporting multiple payment methods, currencies and language capabilities. The Rainmaker e-Commerce platform can be enhanced with Rainmaker global telesales agents to maximize revenue and customer satisfaction through the entire customer life cycle. We are headquartered in the Silicon Valley in Campbell, California, and have additional operations near London, England. During 2013, we closed our operations in Austin, Texas which were consolidated into our operations at our headquarters in Silicon Valley and into our operations center near London, England. Our global clients consist primarily of large enterprises operating in the computer hardware, software and information services industries. |
Principles of Consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rainmaker Systems, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Basis of Presentation |
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The interim financial statements are unaudited but reflect all normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of these periods. |
The results of our operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2013, or any other period. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, as filed with the SEC on April 1, 2013. Balance sheet information as of December 31, 2012 has been derived from the audited financial statements for the year then ended. |
In the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company completed the sale of Rainmaker Systems, Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Rainmaker Asia, Inc. (together “Manila” or “RSL”). RSL met the requirements for presentation as discontinued operations. RSL's operating activities are segregated from the Company's continuing operations within the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss, and are classified solely under the caption income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax. |
Going Concern |
As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we had a net loss from continuing operations of $3.6 million and $10.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we used $2.9 million in cash in operating activities. |
At September 30, 2013, the Company had a net working capital deficit of $10.0 million. Our principal source of liquidity as of September 30, 2013 consisted of $4.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and $4.2 million of net accounts receivable. Our debt balance as of September 30, 2013 was $3.3 million, of which $1.2 million is due on December 14, 2013 and $1.2 million is payable within the next twelve months. In addition, our borrowings of $500,000 under our loan agreement with Agility Capital II, LLC, that we entered into in October 2013, may mature on December 14, 2013. See Note 5 for further discussion of our debt agreements. Our accounts payable balance increased from $7.2 million as of December 31, 2012 to $10.6 million as of September 30, 2013. $8.7 million of the September 30, 2013 accounts payable balance is related to a merchant account of a customer. |
On April 5, 2013, we completed the sale of approximately 13 million shares of our common stock in a registered direct offering. The gross cash proceeds from the sale of common stock was approximately $5.8 million. The Company is currently pursuing a plan to achieve profitable operations through a combination of increased sales, decreased expenses, obtaining third party capital and restructuring its debt. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in increasing sales, reducing expenses, obtaining third party capital or restructuring our debt. We are also evaluating our options to sell non-strategic assets as we focus on the Company's core business. In the event that the Company fails to achieve profitable operations, fails to reduce expenses, fails to restructure its debt and/or is unable to raise additional capital, we will not have adequate cash or financial resources to operate for the next twelve months, which raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern and pay our liabilities as they become due. |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on our ability to develop profitable operations through implementation of our current business initiatives. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. |
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our estimates are based on historical experience, input from sources outside of the Company, and other relevant facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Accounting policies that include particularly significant estimates are revenue recognition and presentation policies, valuation of accounts receivable, measurement of our deferred tax asset and the corresponding valuation allowance, commitments and contingencies, fair value estimates for the expense of employee stock options and warrants and the assessment of recoverability and impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents generally consist of money market funds. The fair market value of cash equivalents represents their quoted market prices at the balance sheet dates and approximates their carrying value. |
The following is a summary of our cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (in thousands): |
|
| | | | | | | |
| September 30, | | December 31, |
2013 | 2012 |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | |
Cash | $ | 2,525 | | | $ | 2,854 | |
|
Money market funds | 1,641 | | | 1,640 | |
|
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,166 | | | $ | 4,494 | |
|
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts |
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers or clients’ customers to make required payments of amounts due to us. The allowance is comprised of specifically identified account balances for which collection is currently deemed doubtful. In addition to specifically identified accounts, estimates of amounts that may not be collectible from those accounts whose collection is not yet deemed doubtful but which may become doubtful in the future are made based on historical bad debt write-off experience. If the financial condition of our clients or our clients' customers was to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, our allowance for potentially uncollectible accounts was $11,000 and $15,000, respectively. |
Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is recorded using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Computer equipment and capitalized software are depreciated over two to five years and furniture and fixtures are depreciated over five years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is recorded using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the assets. Amortization of fixed assets under capital leases is included in depreciation expense. |
Costs of internal-use software are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350-40, Internal Use Software, and FASB ASC 350-50, Website Development Costs. This guidance requires that we expense computer software and website development costs as they are incurred during the preliminary project stage. Once the capitalization criteria of ASC 350-40 and ASC 350-50 have been met, external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software, including website development costs, payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with and who devote time to the development of internal-use computer software and associated interest costs are capitalized. We capitalized approximately $624,000 and $1,294,000 of such costs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. We capitalized approximately $320,000 and $846,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. Capitalized costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the term of the related client agreement, if such development relates to a specific outsource client, or the software’s estimated useful life, ranging from two to five years. Capitalized internal-use software and website development costs are included in property and equipment on the accompanying balance sheets. |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets |
We completed several acquisitions during the period of February 2005 through January 2010. Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. |
In our analysis of goodwill and other intangible assets, we apply the guidance of FASB ASC 350-20-35, Goodwill - Subsequent Measurement, in determining whether any impairment conditions exist. In our analysis of other finite lived amortizable intangible assets, we apply the guidance of FASB ASC 360-10-35, Property, Plant and Equipment – Subsequent Measurement, in determining whether any impairment conditions exist. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. Intangible assets are attributable to the various technologies and customer relationships of the businesses we have acquired. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had accumulated impairment losses of $11.5 million. |
|
We report segment results in accordance with FASB ASC 280, Segment Reporting. The method for determining what information is reported is based on the way that management organizes the operating segments for making operational decisions and assessments of financial performance. Our chief operating decision maker reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The chief operating decision maker does not use product line financial performance as a basis for business operating decisions. In accordance with FASB ASC 350-20-35, we are required to test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. For 2012, after the sale of Rainmaker Asia and the consolidation of operations, we concluded that we have one operating and reportable segment and one reporting unit. |
As of December 31, 2012, we performed our annual goodwill impairment evaluation required under FASB ASC 350-20-35, and concluded that goodwill was not impaired as the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value. At September 30, 2013, due to continued losses and a stockholders' deficit, we performed a goodwill impairment evaluation and no impairment was noted. At both September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had approximately $5.3 million in goodwill recorded on our consolidated balance sheets. |
Long-Lived Assets |
Long-lived assets, including our purchased intangible assets, are amortized over their previously defined estimated useful lives. In accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35, long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented on the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the assets' carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a business unit intended to be sold that meets certain criteria for being held for sale are presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet. We have evaluated our long-lived assets and noted no indications of impairment. |
Revenue Recognition and Presentation |
Substantially all of our revenue is generated from (i) the online sale of our clients' products to their small and medium-sized business ("SMB") customers, (ii) the sale of service contracts and maintenance renewals, (iii) lead development and other telesales services, and (iv) software subscriptions for hosted internet sales of web-based training. Revenue is recorded using the proportional performance model, where revenue is recognized as performance occurs over the term of the contract and any initial set up fees that lack stand-alone value are recognized over the estimated customer life. We recognize revenue from the online sale of our clients' products and the sale of our clients’ service contracts and maintenance renewals on the “net basis”, which represents the amount billed to the end customer less the amount paid to our client. Revenue from the sale is recognized when a purchase order from a client’s customer is received, the service, service contract or maintenance agreement is delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable, the collection of the receivable is reasonably assured, and no significant post-delivery obligations remain unfulfilled. Revenue from lead development and other telesales services that we perform is recognized as the services are provided and is generally earned ratably over the service contract period. We earn revenue from our software application subscriptions of hosted online sales of web-based training ratably over each contract period. Since these software subscriptions are usually paid in advance, we have recorded a deferred revenue liability on our balance sheet that includes the prepaid portions of subscriptions that will be earned over the next one to five years. |
Our agreements typically do not contain multiple deliverables, however, if an agreement contains multiple elements, we allocate revenue to each element in an arrangement based on a selling price hierarchy. The selling price for a deliverable is based on its vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE"), if available, third-party evidence ("TPE"), if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price ("ESP"), if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. As we are unable to establish VSOE or TPE for the elements of our arrangements, we establish ESP for each element. If an agreement contains multiple deliverables that do not qualify for separate accounting for the product and service transactions, then the revenue and the cost of related professional services on the entire arrangement is recognized ratably over the contract term beginning on the date of delivery of product or service with customer-specific customization, if any. Entering into agreements with multiple elements with stand-alone value in the future may affect the timing of our revenue recognition and may have an impact on our future financial statements. |
Our revenue recognition policy involves significant judgments and estimates about collectability. We assess the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and/or the creditworthiness of our clients’ customers, which is based on current published credit ratings, current events and circumstances regarding the business of our clients’ customers and other factors that we believe are relevant. If we determine that collection is not reasonably assured, we defer revenue recognition until such time as collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of cash payment. |
Cost of Services |
Cost of services consists of costs associated with promoting and selling our clients’ products and services including compensation costs of telesales personnel, telesales commissions and bonuses, costs of designing, producing and delivering marketing services, and salaries and other personnel expenses related to fee-based activities. Cost of services also includes the costs of allocated facility and telephone usage for our telesales representatives as well as other direct costs associated with the delivery of our services, including credit card fees related to the online sale of our clients' products. Most of the costs are personnel related and fluctuate in relation to our net revenue. Telesales commissions and bonuses will typically change in proportion to revenue or profitability. |
Advertising |
We expense advertising costs as incurred. These costs were not material and are included in sales and marketing expense. |
Income Taxes |
We account for income taxes using the liability method. The liability method requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements, but have not been reflected in our taxable income. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value. Therefore, we provide a valuation allowance to the extent that we do not believe it is more likely than not that we will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had gross deferred tax assets of $31.9 million and $31.8 million, respectively. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the deferred tax assets were subject to a 100% valuation allowance and therefore are not recorded on our balance sheets as assets. Realization of our deferred tax assets is limited and we may not be able to fully utilize these deferred tax assets to reduce our tax rates. |
FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under this guidance, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Additionally, FASB ASC 740 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. |
Our policy for recording interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions is to record such items as a component of income before taxes. Penalties, interest paid and interest received are recorded in interest and other expense, net, in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss. There were immaterial amounts accrued for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2013. |
|
|
Stock-Based Compensation |
FASB ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, primarily focusing on accounting for transactions where an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. This guidance requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 8 for further discussion of this standard and its effects on the consolidated financial statements presented herein. |
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Credit Evaluations |
Our financial instruments that expose us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and credit card deposits. |
We place our cash and cash equivalents in a variety of financial institutions and limit the amount of credit exposure through diversification and by investing the funds in money market accounts which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). At times, the balance of cash deposits is in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. |
We sell our clients’ products and services primarily to business end users and, in most transactions, assume full credit risk on the sale. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the financial condition of our client’s customer, and collateral is generally not required. Credit losses have traditionally been immaterial, and such losses have been within management’s expectations. |
During the three month period ending September 30, 2013, we recorded an out-of-period adjustment to decrease revenue by $38,000 and increase general and administrative expense by $420,000 for an overstatement of credit card receivables. The overstatement of an aggregate of $458,000 relates to unrecorded chargebacks of $293,000 and $165,000 during the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2012 following the suspension in August 2012 of a merchant account relating to a customer contract. This out-of-period item did not have a material impact on the current or either of the previously reported periods. |
We have generated a significant portion of our revenue from sales to customers of a limited number of clients. In the three months ended September 30, 2013, three clients accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, with Microsoft Corporation ("Microsoft") representing approximately 42% of our net revenue, Symantec Corporation ("Symantec") representing approximately 26% of our net revenue and Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 12% of our net revenue. In the three months ended September 30, 2012, three clients accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, with Microsoft representing approximately 37% of our net revenue, Symantec representing approximately 18% of our net revenue and Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 11% of our net revenue. |
In the nine months ended September 30, 2013, three clients accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, with Microsoft representing approximately 41% of our net revenue, Symantec representing approximately 25% of our net revenue and Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 10% of our net revenue. In the nine months ended September 30, 2012, three clients accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, with Microsoft representing approximately 35% of our net revenue, Symantec representing approximately 20% of our net revenue and Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 11% of our net revenue. |
No individual client’s customer accounted for 10% or more of our revenues in any period presented. |
We have outsourced services agreements with our significant clients that expire at various dates ranging through March 2018. Our agreements with Symantec expire in March 2014 and can be terminated prior to expiration with ninety days notice. Our agreements with Microsoft expire at various dates from June 2014 through June 2015, and can be terminated with thirty days notice. Our agreements with Hewlett-Packard expire in October 2013 and March 2018 and can be terminated prior to expiration with sixty days notice. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
The amounts reported as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short-term maturities. |
The fair value of short-term and long-term debt obligations is estimated based on current interest rates available to us for debt instruments with similar terms, degrees of risk and remaining maturities. The carrying values of these obligations, as of each period presented, approximate their respective fair values. |
|
Segment Reporting |
In accordance with FASB ASC 280, Segment Reporting, we concluded that we have one operating and reportable segment. We have call center operations within the United States and the United Kingdom where we perform services on behalf of our clients. While we exited our Canadian call center facility in September 2010, we continue to maintain a network of managed telesales representatives in the region. |
We utilize our call centers in the United States and United Kingdom and a network of managed telesales representatives in Canada to fulfill certain contracts. We also utilized our former operations based in Manila prior to their sale in December 2012. See Note 3 for more details regarding our former Manila operations. In June 2012, we began providing telesales services throughout Latin America utilizing a strategic partner located in the Dominican Republic. |
Foreign Currency Translation |
The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries was determined to be their respective local currencies (Canadian Dollar, Great Britain Pound and Philippine Peso). Foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at weighted average exchange rates in effect during the period. The related unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency translation are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss. For continuing operations, net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in interest and other expense, net, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. |
Related Party Transactions |
As more fully disclosed in Note 8, on April 5, 2013, we completed the sale of approximately 13 million shares of our common stock in a registered direct offering. The gross cash proceeds from the sale of common stock was approximately $5.8 million. Members of our board of directors and our Chief Executive Officer purchased an aggregate of 500,025 shares at a price of $0.45 per share in the offering. |
Recent Accounting Standards |
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02 - Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This update improves the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income by requiring an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amount being reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. We adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2013. Adoption of this standard did not have any material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05 – Foreign Currency Matters. This update requires that an entity should release cumulative currency translation adjustments to net income when the entity ceases to have controlling financial interest in a foreign entity or a group of financial assets in a foreign entity. This new guidance is effective for the first reporting period beginning after December 15, 2013. We adopted this standard in the fourth quarter of 2012 in accounting for the sale of RSL. |