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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Form 10-K/A
| þ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004 | ||
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the transition period from to | ||
000-27999
| Delaware | 94-3038428 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
| 1308 Moffett Park Drive Sunnyvale, California (Address of principal executive offices) | 94089 (Zip Code) | |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes þ No o
As of October 31, 2003, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $536,802,742 based on the closing sales price of such stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on such date of $3.10 per share. Shares of common stock held by officers, directors and holders of more than ten percent of the outstanding common stock have been excluded from this calculation because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of June 30, 2004, there were 223,536,671 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $.001 par value, issued and outstanding.
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
The purpose of this Amendment No. 2 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004 (as previously amended by a Form 10-K/A filed on August 27, 2004) is to include additional disclosure regarding the financial information of Finisar Corporation and to update the information regarding its executive officers. The financial statements and results of operations of Finisar Corporation for the periods set forth in this Form 10-K/A have not been amended or restated. The specific sections that have been amended are as follows:
Part I
Item 1. Business — “Factors That Could Affect Our Future Performance”
Part II
| Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |
| Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Notes 1, 2, 5, 6 and 15) |
Part III
Item 11. Executive Compensation (Note 2 to Executive Compensation Table)
All information in the Form 10-K/A filed on August 27, 2004, as amended by this Amendment No. 2, speaks as of the date of the filing of the Form 10-K/A and does not reflect any subsequent information or events, except as presented in this Amendment No. 2 and except for Exhibits 10.21, 31.1, 31.2, 32.1 and 32.2. References to “Annual Report” and “Form 10-K” in this Amendment No. 2 refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004. All information contained in this Amendment No. 2 is subject to updating and supplementing as provided in our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission subsequent to the date of the filing of the Form 10-K/A.
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PART I
| Item 1. | Business |
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We use words like “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “expects,” “future,” “intends” and similar expressions to identify these forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, including:
| • | uncertainty regarding our future operating results; | |
| • | our ability to introduce new products in a cost effective manner that are accepted in the marketplace; | |
| • | delays or loss of sales due to long product qualification cycles for our products; | |
| • | the possibility of lower prices, reduced gross margins and loss of market share due to increased competition; | |
| • | increased demands on our resources due to the integration of several companies and product lines that we have acquired or will acquire, as well as the pending acquisition discussed below; and | |
| • | cost reductions related to our current or future operations which may further reduce our available resources and negatively impact our competitive market position. |
Other factors that could cause actual results to differ from expectation are discussed in “Factors that Could Affect Our Future Performance.”
In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this report might not occur. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or future events.
Overview
We are a leading provider of fiber optic subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems which enable high-speed data communications over local area networks, or LANs, storage area networks, or SANs, and metropolitan area networks, or MANs. We are focused on the application of digital fiber optics to provide a broad line of high-performance, reliable, value-added optical subsystems for data networking and storage equipment manufacturers. Our line of optical subsystems supports a wide range of network applications, transmission speeds, distances, physical mediums and configurations. We also provide network test and monitoring systems to original equipment manufacturers for testing and validating equipment designs, and to operators of networking and storage data centers for testing, monitoring and troubleshooting the performance of their systems. We sell our products to leading storage and networking equipment manufacturers such as Brocade, Cisco Systems, EMC, Emulex, Hewlett-Packard Company and Qlogic.
Since October 2000, we have acquired a number of companies and certain businesses and assets of other companies in order to broaden our product offerings and provide new sources of revenue, production capabilities and access to advanced technologies that we believed would enable us to reduce our product costs and develop innovative and more highly integrated product platforms while accelerating the timeframe required to develop such products.
We were incorporated in California in April 1987 and reincorporated in Delaware in November 1999. Our principal executive offices are located at 1308 Moffett Park Drive, Sunnyvale, California 94089, and our telephone number is (408)548-1000.
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Recent Developments
| Acquisition of Honeywell VCSEL Optical Products Business |
On March 1, 2004, we completed the acquisition of Honeywell International Inc.’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit for a purchase price and transaction expenses totaling approximately $80.9 million in cash and $1.2 million in our common stock. This business unit, based in Richardson, Texas, which we now refer to as our Advanced Optical Components Division, develops, manufactures and markets vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, or VCSELs, that are primarily used in high-speed fiber optic data communications and sensing applications. Prior to the acquisition, we purchased a significant percentage of the VCSELs used in our fiber optic subsystems from Honeywell.
| Pending Acquisition of Infineon Fiber Optics Business |
On April 29, 2004, we entered into an agreement with Infineon Technologies AG to acquire Infineon’s fiber optics business unit for approximately 135,000,000 shares of Finisar Common Stock. The Infineon fiber optics business unit is based in Berlin, Germany, with manufacturing operations in Berlin, Germany and Trutnov, Czech Republic, and development and marketing operations in Berlin, Roegensberg, Germany, Longmont, Colorado, and San Jose, California. This business unit develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of fiber optic subsystems and components used in data communication and telecommunication applications and plastic optical fiber, or POF, components used in automotive media and safety system applications.
The transaction involves the acquisition of facilities, product lines, equipment and intellectual property, including approximately 450 patent families, as well as approximately 1,200 employees. The shares of Finisar Common Stock to be issued to Infineon in connection with the acquisition were valued at approximately $244.5 million on the date of the agreement and would represent approximately 38% of the outstanding shares of Finisar Common Stock on a post-transaction basis. Under the listing rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, before consummating the acquisition, we must first obtain stockholder approval for the issuance of the shares since the number of shares to be issued will exceed 20% of our outstanding shares. We plan to seek such shareholder approval at a meeting of the stockholders to be held in the third calendar quarter of 2004. The transaction is also subject to customary regulatory approvals. If the acquisition is consummated, our future results of operations will be substantially influenced by the operations of the new business unit. For additional information regarding the pending acquisition, see “Factors That Could Affect our Future Performance” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Industry Background
The proliferation of applications for electronic commerce, communications applications and broadband entertainment has resulted in the digitization and accumulation of enormous amounts of data. In addition, the value of much of this data has and will become increasingly mission-critical to business enterprises and other organizations that must ensure that it is accessible on a continuous and reliable basis by employees, suppliers and customers over a diverse geographic area. The need to quickly transmit, store and retrieve large blocks of data across these networks in a cost-effective manner has resulted in large-scale equipment expenditures by enterprises and service providers to expand the capacity, or bandwidth, of their network and storage infrastructures using fiber optic transmission technology.
Computer networks are frequently described in terms of the distance they span and by the hardware and software protocols used to transport and store data. These networks are generally classified as local area networks, or LANs, storage area networks, or SANs, metropolitan area networks, or MANs, and wide area networks, or WANs. The portion of a network nearest residential and business customers that connects a LAN or SAN to the public network is frequently referred to as the First Mile. The technologies used to build these networks are continuously changing but retain a common thread — the growing use of digital fiber optics and internet-based protocols to move data faster over greater distances.
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| Demand for Optical Subsystems and Components Used in Fibre Channel SANs |
Early LANs were implemented to connect a limited number of users within relatively close proximity. Most of these LANs used the Ethernet transmission protocol that was developed to allow users to share basic common services such as file servers and printers. Because these early LANs had relatively limited performance requirements, short connection distances and low transmission speeds, the equipment used in these LANs were generally connected by copper cabling.
As deployment of LANs increased, Ethernet became the predominant LAN technology. Storage devices were initially connected directly to servers using a standard interface protocol known as the Small Computer Systems Interface, or SCSI. The SCSI protocol allows storage devices and servers to communicate at speeds of up to 160 megabytes per second, or Mbps, over a maximum transmission distance of 12 meters and supports a maximum of 16 devices on a shared single bus. Although these distances and speeds were sufficient for early storage applications, SCSI became a limiting technology for today’s storage applications, which requires networking at high speeds over long distances in order to connect large numbers of simultaneous users.
With the evolution of the Internet, the amount of data to be stored has increased to the point where the cost of managing and protecting this data has become the dominant cost of a typical information technology department. This in turn has created a demand for faster, more efficient interconnection of data storage systems with servers and LANs. Contributing to this demand are:
| • | the need to connect increasing numbers of storage devices and servers to a growing number of users; | |
| • | the need to interconnect servers and storage systems supplied by multiple vendors; | |
| • | the need to provide switched access to multiple storage systems simultaneously; | |
| • | the increasingly mission-critical nature of stored data and the need for rapid access to this data; | |
| • | the expense and complexity associated with managing increasingly large amounts of data storage; | |
| • | the increasing cost of downtime and the growing importance of disaster recovery capabilities; and | |
| • | the limitations of copper wiring in terms of speed versus distance. |
In response to these needs, the Fibre Channel interconnect protocol, operating at 1 gigabyte per second, or Gbps, was introduced in 1995 to address the speed, distance and connectivity limitations of SCSI while maintaining backward compatibility with the installed base of SCSI-based storage systems. Fibre Channel SANs consist of a dedicated network that interconnects file servers and their applications to storage resources through a switch or hub. The switch or hub routes the data between servers and storage devices and is often used to ensure continuous data availability by routing data over multiple paths. Key to enabling the interconnection of this equipment is the use of fiber optic cable and cost-effective transceivers which combine a transmitter for converting an electrical signal into an optical signal and a receiver for performing the reverse function. SANs generally include multiple transceivers, or ports, along the path connecting a server to storage devices so that several signals may be processed at the same time.
SANs provide broader sharing of resources thereby minimizing the required investment in storage infrastructure. According to a survey conducted by Macarthur Stroud International, a SAN can offer cost savings of 30% to 200% or more compared to direct attach storage, or DAS, systems. SANs also enable enhanced network applications such as storage backup, virtualization and better overall storage management achievable through centralized storage resources. The demand for higher-bandwidth solutions is being driven in part by the desire to offer synchronous data services to provide real time replication of data between different sites as opposed to slower-speed solutions where the data must be recovered over time.
In order to send data over long distances for disaster recovery applications, SANs can encapsulate the Fibre Channel protocol using Fibre Channel over IP, or FCIP, via the Internet Fibre Channel Protocol, or iFCP, or may use the Internet Small Computer Systems Interface, or iSCSI. FCIP can also be used across Sonet/ SDH, WDM and IP based networks. With the introduction of equipment capable of supporting the 10 Gigabit Ethernet protocol, or 10 GigE, the iSCSI alternative could become more competitive with Fibre
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In a recent survey of IT professionals conducted by Aston, Metzler and Associates, 75% of companies had deployed more than one SAN. While less than 20% of these companies use a SAN to support 60% or more of their storage requirements, 50% planned to do so within the next year. We believe the future demand for optical subsystems used in SANs will be driven by:
| • | the ongoing accumulation of electronic data that needs to be shared by many users | |
| • | the establishment of disaster recovery sites where critical corporate data is duplicated and held on-line for immediate use if needed; | |
| • | mergers and acquisitions which create the need to share large data files with users having different server and database infrastructures; | |
| • | the migration from smaller discrete SAN islands to single integrated SANs; | |
| • | an increase in demand for higher bandwidth solutions as these larger SANs serve a greater number of users across longer distances; and | |
| • | an increase in the number of SANs deployed by small and medium sized businesses. |
The original Fibre Channel specifications for transmitting data at 1 Gbps also include the capability for data transmission at 2, 4, 8, and 10 Gbps. SANs operating at 2 Gbps are being deployed today. Manufacturers of switches, HBAs (used in file servers), and storage systems for Fibre Channel SANs are currently developing hardware and software solutions to operate at 4 Gbps. However, we believe that the widespread deployment of optical transceivers operating at these higher speeds will begin with the introduction of higher bandwidth solutions at 8 to 10 Gbps in 2007 and thereafter.
| Demand for Optical Subsystems in Gigabit Ethernet Local Area Networks |
In response to continually increasing bandwidth and performance requirements, and in order to capitalize on low-cost optical transceiver solutions that had been developed for the original Fibre Channel standard, Ethernet users borrowed the physical attributes of Fibre Channel and adopted the Gigabit Ethernet standard in 1998. As with Fibre Channel, the use of low-cost optical transceivers has enabled the widespread deployment of Gigabit Ethernet LANs. Today, Ethernet has become the de facto standard user interface for connecting to the public network with nearly 500 million Ethernet ports deployed worldwide. As a result, most residential and business subscriber traffic begins and ends as IP over Ethernet. And while Ethernet was originally developed as a data-oriented protocol, it has evolved to support a wide range of services including digital voice and video as well as data.
The growth in Gigabit Ethernet connectivity within the enterprise is fueling increased demand for equipment based on the latest Ethernet solution, 10GigE. Since the 10GigE standard was ratified in June 2002, a number of devices have been introduced for this protocol, including Xenpak, XPAK and X2, all of which use the XAUI interface, and a smaller physical form factor known as XFP which supports 10GigE directly. The XFP standard combines the advantages of smaller size and lower power requirements with the flexibility to handle Fibre Channel, 10GigE and SONET traffic.
We believe that demand for optical subsystems based on 10GigE will initially be focused on upgrading data centers and corporate backbones where businesses and other organizations can consolidate their file servers into a smaller number of high-capacity servers, yielding significant cost savings in the process.
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| Demand for Optical Subsystems in Metropolitan Area Networks and the First Mile |
The need of residential and business users, who now have extensive gigabyte per second transceiver capacity in their buildings and local networks, to connect to the public network has resulted in new “choke” points in today’s network infrastructure: in the “First Mile” or “local loop” for network access and in MANs themselves, where islands of data are connected by a “copper straw” reducing transmission rates to megabits per second or slower over a combination of twisted pair wire, T-1 lines, frame relay and wireless links.
Technologies used to supply multi-gigabit bandwidth in WANs, such as DWDM solutions using up to 32 wavelengths, are proving to be too costly in most cases to deploy in MANs on any large scale. Coarse wavelength division multiplexing, or CWDM, which combines fewer wavelengths, can provide additional bandwidth on more economical terms. CWDM systems typically use only eight wavelengths, spaced 20 nanometers apart. While offering less capacity than DWDM systems, CWDM systems are also far less complex than DWDM systems that must be cooled and highly controlled, further adding to their cost. We believe that new technologies such as 10GigE used in conjunction with CWDM are likely to be the preferred solution in many MAN applications with DWDM solutions deployed on a limited basis where network congestion is particularly severe.
In addition to lower transmission rates, the “copper straw” through which data must travel in a MAN often requires that the data be converted to formats based on an array of protocols including point-to-point (PPP), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and synchronous digital hierarchy (SONET/ SDH) or a combination thereof before it arrives at its intended destination, and then reconverted once again to Ethernet format. The complexity of translating protocols adds to the cost of the networking infrastructure required to perform this translation as well as carrier operating expenses.
The benefits of moving data in native Ethernet format are considerable. With operating expenses accounting for a significant portion of overall expenditures as well as total revenue, end-to-end Ethernet solutions promise to reduce carrier operating expenses and the investment in network infrastructure. According to a report commissioned by the Metro Ethernet Forum, an all-Ethernet network can reduce carrier operating expenses by 49% and capital expenditures by 39% over a three-year period compared to SONET/ SDH-based solutions. These savings emanate from three sources: 1) engineering and operational support related to the configuration and maintenance of multiple protocols as well as fault isolation and diagnosis of network problems, 2) network inefficiencies related to the fact that data is forced into SONET based 51.84 Mbps service increments even though the data often occupy less than 20% of the available bandwidth and 3) the ability to benefit from economies of scale as a result of using standard Ethernet interfaces. The provisioning of incremental Ethernet-based bandwidth can be adjusted via a software adjustment remotely whereas legacy services typically require additional line cards at the network operating center and additional operations to change the connection at the customer demarcation point. The ubiquity of the Ethernet interface leads to significant reductions in capital expenditures with Ethernet ports costing 25% to 40% less per Mbps of bandwidth compared to other lower speed solutions. The commonality of an end-to-end solution also means suppliers can combine multiple network devices into a single network element.
Using Ethernet end-to-end also means that the system will be more responsive to internet uses like email and web applications. These applications often result in sporadic bursts of traffic at the end points. This type of traffic is better handled in a pure Ethernet environment.
In order to develop a universal broadband protocol, the Ethernet in the First Mile, or EFM, standard has recently been adopted for using Ethernet over access links which promises to make Ethernet a universal access technology with performance that exceeds that of current broadband access technologies such as DSL and cable.
As a result of these developments, industry analysts such as Yankee Group and RHK estimate that the market for metro Ethernet services in the United States alone will exceed $4 billion by 2006, an increase of 4,000% over 2002, while global Ethernet services are expected to be more than three times this size. As with all emerging technologies, these estimates are subject to a wide range of possible outcomes. Nevertheless, we believe that the adoption of next generation Ethernet-based solutions for MANs will stimulate the use of
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| Demand for Optical Subsystems in Wide Area Networks |
WANs were originally designed to handle voice signals that required bandwidth to be reserved for each call for as long as it lasted despite periods of limited use. These networks were the first to utilize digital fiber optics due to the limitations of copper wire over long distances. Two communications protocols known as Synchronous Optical Network, or SONET and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, or SDH, were created to transmit and receive the data being transported over these networks.
Early equipment designs relied on the use of expensive discrete components which, in many cases, were integrated onto board assemblies by systems designers themselves. These discrete components included the use of a semiconductor source laser combined with a semiconductor modulator (for encoding data onto light signals) and, in some instances, optical amplifiers so that the light signals could be amplified without having to be converted to an electrical signal first before being retransmitted to their ultimate destination.
Until the mid-1990s, most WAN networks relied on a single wavelength of light to carry the digital information to be transmitted between various points on the network. With the introduction of DWDM, multiple wavelengths of light spaced 1.6 nanometers, or nm, apart could be combined or multiplexed onto a single fiber, thus enhancing the capacity of these networks by up to 12,000% without the added cost associated with laying new fiber in the ground. Today wavelength spacing is even finer with spacing of 0.8 or even 0.4 nm resulting in systems with literally hundreds of wavelengths transmitted on a single optical fiber.
The introduction of DWDM-based systems in 1997 resulted in enormous amounts of additional bandwidth. As a result, CIBC World Markets estimates that spending for all networking equipment fell on the order of 55% between 2000 and 2003 reflecting this excess capacity as well as a slowing economy. In response, many systems manufacturers sold their captive internal optical technologies to independent suppliers during the past several years in order to focus on their core competency of system design. It has also freed systems designers to pursue the adoption of more cost effective technologies in their new equipment designs including the use of modular optics originally designed for use in LANs and SANs but modified for the longer distance transmission requirements of MANs and WANs. We believe that, as these new systems are adopted and deployed, there will be an increased demand for modular optical subsystems and components for use in MAN applications.
| Demand for High-Speed Data Communication Test and Monitoring Systems |
The demand for equipment to test and monitor high-speed data communications networks generally originates from two types of buyers: 1) original equipment manufacturers who require extensive testing in developing their products to ensure system performance and reliability and 2) operators of data centers who require their networks to be monitored on an ongoing basis to ensure maximum uptime and to optimize performance in order to minimize the investment in expensive upgrades.
As new, highly complex transmission protocols such as Gigabit Ethernet, 10-Gigabit Ethernet, iSCSI and Fibre Channel are introduced, system testing becomes more difficult, requiring increasingly sophisticated and specialized test systems capable of capturing data at high speeds, filtering the data and identifying various types of intermittent errors and other network problems. In the past, many systems manufacturers designed their own test equipment each time they developed a new product. However, as the pace of technological change has accelerated, the performance requirements of data communications systems have increased and competition has afforded shorter market windows within which manufacturers can develop and introduce new products. Thus, system manufacturers have increasingly focused on the design and development of their own products and turned to specialized independent suppliers for state-of-the-art test equipment. As new high-speed protocols such as 4-Gigabit Fibre Channel, 10-Gigabit Ethernet and iSCSI emerge, the demand for new product designs by OEMs should in turn create additional demand for high performance, easy-to-use test systems from independent suppliers.
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The proliferation of storage area networks has created the need for data center operators to conduct real-time end-to-end monitoring and analysis of the switches, file servers and storage systems used in building a SAN. The need for testing in order to ensure performance and uptime is made even more difficult by the fact that data centers typically include devices and systems based on multiple protocols such as Ethernet, iSCSI, Fibre Channel, and FCIP. As more users are connected and become dependent on the information residing at these data centers, the cost of downtime becomes unacceptable which in turn has driven demand for testing and monitoring solutions that offer a single correlated view of network traffic and that alert data center operators even before network performance becomes an issue.
Business Strategy
We are a leading provider of fiber optic subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems which enable high-speed data communications over LANs, SANs and MANs. We are focused on providing high-performance, reliable, value-added optical subsystems for data networking and storage equipment manufacturers that develop and market systems based on Gigabit Ethernet, 10-Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel and SONET protocols. Our line of optical subsystems supports a wide range of network applications, transmission speeds, distances, and physical configurations. We also provide unique network performance test and monitoring systems to original equipment manufacturers for testing and validating their equipment designs and to networking and storage operators for testing, monitoring and troubleshooting the performance of their systems. In order to maintain our position as a leading supplier of fiber optic subsystems and components and test and monitoring systems, we believe that we need to pursue the following business strategies:
Continue to Invest in Critical Technologies. Our years of engineering experience, our multi-disciplinary technical expertise and our participation in the development of industry standards have enabled us to become a leader in the design and development of fiber optic subsystems and test systems. We have been at the forefront of a number of important breakthroughs in the development of innovative products for fiber optic applications including the first 1Gbps 850nm transceiver for use in multimode fiber applications (1992), the first transceiver incorporating digital diagnostics (1995), the first 1 and 2.125Gbps 850nm transceivers based on the small form factor (2000 and 2001), the first CWDM GBIC transceiver (2001) and the first DWDM GBIC transceiver (2002). We have also been a pioneer in the use of the small form factor for 10GigE applications, or XFP. We shipped the first product under this new protocol in 2002 and demonstrated the first 300 meter XFP incorporating electronic dispersion compensation in 2004. In testing and monitoring, we introduced the first Fibre Channel analyzer (1997), the first IP storage (iSCSI) protocol analyzer (2001), the first blade-based analysis system for multi-protocol SANs (2003) and the first 4Gbps and 10Gbps Fibre Channel analyzers (2004). We intend to maintain our technological leadership through continual enhancement of our existing products and the development of new products as evolving technology permits higher speed transmission of data, with greater capacity, over longer distances. We are also focused on increased product integration to enhance the price/ performance capabilities of our products.
Value-Added Functions and Intelligence. Our high-speed optical subsystems are engineered to provide our customers with value-added functionality beyond the basic capability of enabling high-speed transmission. Many of our optical subsystems include a microprocessor containing specially-developed software that allows customers to monitor the optical performance of each port on their systems in real time. Real-time monitoring and interoperability are particularly important in the Gigabit Ethernet LAN and Fibre Channel SAN markets where reliability and system up-time are critical. Our testing and monitoring systems also contain value-added software functions that permit users to analyze network traffic and track errors in order to ensure that system performance and user access is not compromised.
Broad Product Line of Optical Subsystems. We offer a broad line of optical subsystems which operate at varying protocols, speeds, fiber types, voltages, wavelengths and distances and are available in a variety of industry standard packaging configurations, or form factors. Our optical subsystems are designed to comply with key networking protocols such as Fibre Channel, Gigabit Ethernet and 10-Gigabit Ethernet and to plug directly into standard port configurations used in our customers’ products. The breadth of our optical
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Broad Product Line of Test and Monitoring Systems. We offer a broad line of test and monitoring systems to assist our customers in efficiently designing reliable, high-speed networking systems and testing and monitoring the performance of Fiber Channel and Ethernet-based networks. We believe our test systems enable original equipment manufacturers to focus their attention on the development of new products, reduce overall development costs and accelerate time to market while our monitoring systems provide real time feedback to data center operators enabling them to detect network bottlenecks and other performance related hardware issues.
Leverage Core Competencies Across Multiple, High-Growth Markets. We believe that fiber optic technology will remain the transmission technology of choice for multiple data communication markets, including Gigabit and 10-Gigabit Ethernet-based LANs and MANs, Fibre Channel-based SANs and SONET-based MANs and WANs. These markets are characterized by differentiated applications with unique design criteria such as product function, performance, cost, in-system monitoring, size limitations, physical medium and software. We intend to target opportunities where our core competencies in high-speed data transmission protocols such as Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel can be leveraged into leadership positions as these technologies are extended across multiple markets and applications including those outside data communications applications.
Strengthen and Expand Customer Relationships. Over the past 16 years, we have established valuable relationships and a loyal base of customers by providing high-quality products and superior service. Our service-oriented approach has allowed us to work closely with leading data and storage network system manufacturers, understand and address their current needs and anticipate their future requirements. We intend to leverage our relationships with our existing customers as they enter new, high-speed data communications markets and to establish relationships with new customers primarily for SONET-based communications applications.
Acquire Critical Technologies. Since October 2000, we have acquired a number of companies and certain businesses and assets of other companies in order to broaden our product offerings and provide new sources of revenue, production capabilities, and access to advanced technologies that we believe will enable us to reduce our product costs and develop innovative and more highly integrated product platforms while accelerating the timeframe required to develop such products. These acquisitions have enabled us to:
| • | develop an internal capability for the automated assembly and testing of optical subsystems; | |
| • | create an internal capability for manufacturing certain active optical components such as VCSELs and Fabry-Perot, or FP, lasers, distributed feedback, or DFB, lasers, positive-intrinsic-negative photodiodes, or PINs, and avalanche photodiodes, or APDs; | |
| • | create an internal capability for manufacturing certain passive optical products such as isolators, filters, splitters, quarter wave plates, interleavers and polarization beam combiners; and | |
| • | expand our product lines and know-how to be able to expand into new markets such as the testing and monitoring of Gigabit Ethernet networks and optical subsystems and components for automotive and consumer electronics applications. |
We will continue to review opportunities to acquire businesses, product lines and technologies that may enable us to expand our product offerings, introduce new innovative products or reduce our product costs.
Develop Low Cost Manufacturing Capabilities. We believe that new markets can be created by the introduction of new, low-cost, high value-added products. Lower product costs can be achieved through the introduction of new technologies, product design or market presence. In each case, access to low-cost manufacturing resources are a key factor in the ability to offer a low-cost product solution. We have developed unique product designs and automated test processes that reduce the time to manufacture many of our products. In fiscal 2002, we purchased a manufacturing facility in Ipoh, Malaysia, in order to take advantage of low-cost off-shore labor while protecting access to our intellectual property and know-how. Today, most of
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Products
In accordance with the guidelines established by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information” (“SFAS 131”), we have determined that, beginning in fiscal 2001, we operate in two segments: optical subsystems and components; and network test and monitoring systems.
We provide a broad line of complementary products within each of these segments for high-speed data communications over Gigabit Ethernet LANs and MANs and Fibre Channel SANs.
While just emerging, the 10GigE optical solutions that are being sold by original equipment manufacturers today are predominantly based on those that use the XAUI interface (Xenpak, Xpak, X2). However, several original equipment manufacturers are currently evaluating the 10GigE XFP solution due to its many advantages and we believe that demand for the XFP will ramp in 2005.
| Optical Subsystems and Components |
Optical data networks require optical subsystems that convert electrical signals into optical signals and back into electrical signals at high speeds. Our optical subsystems are integrated into our customers’ systems and used for both short- and intermediate-distance fiber optic communications applications.
Our family of optical subsystem products consists of transmitters, receivers and transceivers principally based on the Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel protocols and, to a lesser extent, on the SONET protocol. A transmitter converts electrical signals into optical signals for transmission over fiber optics. Receivers incorporating photo detectors convert incoming optical signals into electric signals. A transceiver combines both transmitter and receiver functions in a single device. Our optical subsystem products perform these functions with high reliability and data integrity and support a wide range of protocols, transmission speeds, fiber types, wavelengths, transmission distances, physical configurations and software enhancements.
Our high-speed fiber optic subsystems are engineered to deliver value-added functionality and intelligence. Most of our optical subsystem products include a microprocessor with proprietary embedded software that allows customers to monitor transmitted and received optical power, temperature, drive current and other link parameters of each port on their systems in real time. In addition, our intelligent optical subsystems are used by many enterprise networking and storage system manufacturers to enhance the ability of their systems to diagnose and correct abnormalities in fiber optic networks.
For LAN and SAN storage applications which rely on the Fibre Channel standard, we provide optical subsystems for transmission applications at 1 and 2.125 Gbps. Data networking applications based on the Gigabit Ethernet standard continue to rely on devices which transmit signals at 1 Gbps. Technology that will allow the transmission of signals at 4 and 10 Gbps is currently under development. However, we believe that the adoption of such technologies will not occur on any significant scale until 2005 in the case of 4 Gbps and 2006 or later for 10 Gbps. For SONET-based MANs, we supply optical subsystems which are capable of transmitting at 2.5 Gbps and intend to expand that product line to include products that operate at less than 1 Gbps that we believe will continue to comprise a significant portion of spending for equipment to be deployed by carriers in this portion of their network.
We have introduced a full line of optical subsystems for MANs using CWDM technologies designed to deliver dramatic cost savings to optical networking manufacturers, compared to solutions based on the use of DWDM technologies. Our CWDM subsystems include every major optical transport component needed to support a MAN, including transceivers, optical add/drop multiplexers, or OADMs, for adding and dropping wavelengths in a network without the need to convert to an electrical signal and multiplexers/demultiplexers for SONET, Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel protocols. Where the need for additional bandwidth exists, we have introduced optical subsystems which incorporate DWDM technologies that allow these CWDM
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As a result of prior acquisitions, including the acquisitions of Genoa Corporation in April 2003 and Honeywell’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit in March 2004, we have gained access to leading-edge technology for the manufacture of a number of active and passive optical components including 2.5 and 10 Gbps PIN detectors, APDs, FP lasers at 1.25 and 2.5 Gbps, DFB lasers at 1.25, 2.5 and 10 Gbps, fused fiber couplers, isolators, filters, polarization beam combiners, interleavers and linear semiconductor optical amplifiers. Most of these optical components are used internally in the manufacture of our optical subsystems. Certain of these components are also being sold in the so-called “merchant market” to other subsystems manufacturers. While such sales have not represented a significant portion of our revenues to date, since the Honeywell acquisition, we have sold VCSELs in the merchant market, and we intend to evaluate opportunities to increase the sale of these and other components into the merchant market in the future.
| Network Test and Monitoring Systems |
Our test and monitoring systems allow engineers, service technicians and network managers to generate and capture data at high speeds, filter the data and identify various types of intermittent errors and other network problems for SANs, LANs, wireless networks, voice-over-internet protocol applications and newly emerging technologies including 10GigE and iSCSI and FCIP.
Our products for testing and monitoring solutions include our new Xgig product platform for Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet SANs (iSCSI and FCIP), probes which tap and analyze network traffic, and other specialized equipment for testing SANs and LANs at high speeds or for network functionality and reliability.
The Xgig is the industry’s first “blade based” approach to testing and monitoring data networks and allows multiple protocols to be tested within the same hardware platform. Separate blades exist for the following capabilities:
| • | traffic analysis (analyzers) at 1,2,4 and 10 Gbps that capture data traffic into a large memory buffer so that the data can be analyzed by developers to detect problems on a Fibre Channel network; | |
| • | jammers that inject errors into data networks to simulate how the network responds and recovers from such problems; and | |
| • | bit-error rate testers, or BERTs, that debug and test switches and disk array products. |
Our line of probes are typically sold to operators of data centers for monitoring networks on a 24 x 7 basis. They include the following:
| • | our THG product line and Surveyor software for monitoring Gigabit Ethernet networks; and | |
| • | Netwisdom which provides a comprehensive view of SAN performance including routers, switches and file servers which are typically used in a SAN network |
We also offer other specialized test equipment including generators for generating Fibre Channel traffic to stress SAN networks which are typically used in conjunction with an analyzer.
We expect to add additional hardware and software blades to our Xgig product platform in the coming year for testing and monitoring other network protocols and for additional functionality.
Customers
To date, our revenues have been principally derived from sales of optical subsystems to original equipment manufacturers. Sales to these customers accounted for 86% of our total revenues in fiscal 2004, 82% in 2003 and 76% in 2002, with the remainder of revenues in each year representing sales of test and monitoring systems to both original equipment manufacturers and operators of data centers. Sales of products
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Technology
The development of high quality fiber optic subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems for high-speed data communications requires multidisciplinary expertise in the following technology areas:
High Frequency Semiconductor Design. Our fiber optic subsystems development efforts are supported by an engineering team that specializes in analog/digital integrated circuit design. This group works in both silicon, or Si, and gallium arsenide, or GaAs, semiconductor technologies where circuit element frequencies are very fast and can be as high as 60 gigahertz, or GHz. We have designed proprietary circuits including laser drivers, receiver pre- and post-amplifiers and controller circuits for handling digital diagnostics at 1, 2, 4 and 10 Gbps. These advanced semiconductor devices provide significant cost advantages and will be critical in the development of future products capable of even faster data rates.
Optical Subsystem Design. We established ourselves as a low-cost design leader beginning with our initial Gbps optical subsystems in 1992. From that base we have developed single-mode laser alignment approaches and low-cost, all-metal packaging techniques for improved EMI performance and environmental tolerance. We develop our own component and packaging designs and integrate these designs with proprietary manufacturing processes that allow our products to be manufactured in high volume.
Complex Logic Design. Our network test and monitoring equipment designs are based on field programmable gate arrays, or FPGAs. Our network products are being used to operate with clock frequencies of up to 125 megahertz, or MHz, and logic densities up to 1 million gates per chip. Our test systems use FPGAs that are programmed by the host PC and therefore can be configured differently for different tests. All of our logic design is done in the very high density logic, or VHDL, hardware description language which will enable migration to application specific integrated circuits, or ASICs, as volumes warrant. We develop VHDL code in a modular fashion for reuse in logic design which comprises a critical portion of our intellectual property. This re-usable technology base of logic design is available for use in both our test system and optical subsystem product lines and allows us to reduce the time to market for our new and enhanced products.
Software Technology. We devote substantial engineering resources to the development of software technology for use in all of our product lines. We have developed software to control our test systems, analyze data collected by our test systems, and monitor, maintain, test and calibrate our optical subsystems. A majority of our software technology and expertise is focused on the use of object-oriented development techniques to develop software subsystems that can be reused across multiple product lines. We have created substantial intellectual property in the area of data analysis software for our Fibre Channel test equipment. This technology allows us to rapidly sort, filter and analyze large amounts of data using a proprietary database format. This database format is both, hardware platform-independent and protocol-independent. This independence allows all of the software tools developed for our existing test products to be utilized in all of our new test products that collect data traces. Because the database format is also protocol-independent, new protocols can be added quickly and easily. Another important component of our intellectual property is our graphical user interface, or GUI, design. Many years of customer experience with our test products have enabled us to define a simple yet effective method to display complex protocols in clear and concise GUIs for intuitive use by engineers.
System Design. The design of all of our products requires a combination of sophisticated technical competencies — optical engineering, high-speed digital and analog design, ASIC design and software engineering. We have built an organization of people with skills in all of these areas. It is the integration of these technical competencies that enables us to produce products that meet the needs of our customers. Our combination of these technical competencies has enabled us to design and manufacture optical subsystems
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Manufacturing System Design. The design skills gained in our test systems group are also used in the manufacture of our optical subsystems. We utilize our high-speed FPGA design blocks and concepts and GUI software elements to provide specialized manufacturing test systems for our internal use. These test systems are optimized for test capacity and broad test coverage. We use automated, software-controlled testing to enhance the field reliability of all Finisar products. All of our products are subjected to temperature testing of powered systems as well as full functional tests.
Wafer Fabrication. The ability to manufacture our own optical components can provide significant cost savings while the ability to create unique component designs, enhances our competitive position in terms of performance, time-to-market and intellectual property. We design and manufacture a number of active components that are used in our optical subsystems. The acquisition of Genoa Corporation in April 2003 provided us with a state-of-the-art foundry for making PIN receivers and FP and DFB lasers used in our longer distance transceivers which comprised approximately 35% of our optical subsystem revenues in fiscal 2004. As of the end of fiscal 2004, this foundry supplied our internal demand for PIN receivers and FP lasers. Our internally fabricated DFB lasers are still in the process of being qualified. Our acquisition of Honeywell’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit in March 2004 provided us with wafer fabrication capability for designing and making VCSEL components used in all of our short distance transceivers for LAN and SAN applications. These applications represented 61% of our optical subsystem revenues in fiscal 2004.
Competition
Several of our competitors in the optical subsystems and components market have recently been acquired or announced plans to be acquired. These announcements reflect an ongoing realignment of industry capacity with market demand in order to restore the financial health of the optics industry. Despite this trend, the market for optical subsystems and components for use in LANs, SANs and MANs as well as the market for testing and monitoring systems remains highly competitive. We believe the principal competitive factors in these markets are:
| • | product performance, features, functionality and reliability; | |
| • | price/performance characteristics; | |
| • | timeliness of new product introductions; | |
| • | breadth of product line; | |
| • | adoption of emerging industry standards; | |
| • | service and support; | |
| • | size and scope of distribution network; | |
| • | brand name; | |
| • | access to customers; and | |
| • | size of installed customer base. |
We believe we compete favorably with our competitors with respect to most of the foregoing factors based, in part, upon having one of the broadest product lines in the industry, a sizeable installed base and a low-cost manufacturing facility in Ipoh, Malaysia. We believe that the introduction during the past year of our new Xgig product line for testing and monitoring multiple network protocols within the same hardware platform combined with unique software solutions for monitoring and troubleshooting SANs, has strengthened our competitive position within the network test and monitoring market. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against either current or future competitors.
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Sales, Marketing and Technical Support
We sell our products in North America through our direct sales force and a network of independent manufacturers’ representatives. For sales of our optical subsystems and components, we utilize a direct sales force augmented by 16 domestic manufacturers’ representatives and 21 international resellers. For sales of our network test and monitoring systems, we utilize a direct sales force augmented by one domestic manufacturers’ representative and 30 international resellers. Our direct sales force maintains close contact with our customers and provides technical support to our manufacturers’ representatives. In our international markets, our direct sales force works with local resellers who assist us in providing support and maintenance to the territories they cover.
Our marketing efforts are focused on increasing awareness of our product offerings for optical subsystems and network test and monitoring systems and our brand name. Key components of our marketing efforts include:
| • | continuing our active participation in industry associations and standards committees to promote and further enhance Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel technologies, promote standardization in the LAN, SAN and MAN markets, and increase our visibility as industry experts; | |
| • | leveraging major trade show events and LAN, SAN, and MAN conferences to promote our broad product lines; and | |
| • | advertising our products for network test and monitoring solutions for storage and networking data centers in industry publications and other electronic media. |
In addition, our marketing group provides marketing support services for our executive staff, our direct sales force and our manufacturers’ representatives and resellers. Through our marketing activities, we provide technical and strategic sales support to our direct sales personnel and resellers, including in-depth product presentations, technical manuals, sales tools, pricing, marketing communications, marketing research, trademark administration and other support functions.
A high level of continuing service and support is critical to our objective of developing long-term customer relationships. We emphasize customer service and technical support in order to provide our customers and their end users with the knowledge and resources necessary to successfully utilize our product line. Our customer service organization utilizes a technical team of field and factory applications engineers, technical marketing personnel and, when required, product design engineers. We provide extensive customer support throughout the qualification and sale process. In addition, we also provide many resources through our World Wide Web site, including product documentation and technical information. We intend to continue to provide our customers with comprehensive product support and believe it is critical to remaining competitive.
Backlog
A substantial portion of our revenues are derived from sales to OEMs pursuant to individual purchase orders with short lead times. Commitments under these purchase orders remain subject to negotiation with respect to quantities and delivery schedules and are generally cancelable without significant penalties. In addition, manufacturing capacity and availability of key components may impact the timing and amount of revenue ultimately recognized under such sale arrangements. Accordingly, we do not believe that the backlog of undelivered product under these purchase orders are a meaningful indicator of our future financial performance.
Manufacturing
We manufacture most of our optical subsystems at our production facility in Ipoh, Malaysia. This facility consists of 640,000 square feet, of which 240,000 square feet is suitable for cleanroom operations. The acquisition of this facility in May 2001 has allowed us to transfer most of our manufacturing processes from contract manufacturers to a lower-cost manufacturing facility and to maintain greater control over our intellectual property. We expect to continue to use contract manufacturers for a portion of our manufacturing needs. During fiscal 2004, we conducted new product introduction, supply chain management, quality
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We design and develop a number of the key components of our products, including photodetectors, lasers, ASICs, printed circuit boards and software. In addition, our manufacturing team works closely with our engineers to manage the supply chain. To assure the quality and reliability of our products, we conduct product testing and burn-in at our facilities in conjunction with inspection and the use of testing and statistical process controls. In addition, most of our optical subsystems have an intelligent interface that allows us to monitor product quality during the manufacturing process. Our facilities in Sunnyvale, Fremont, Richardson and Malaysia are qualified under ISO 9001-9002.
Although we use standard parts and components for our products where possible, we currently purchase several key components from single or limited sources. Our principal single source components purchased from external suppliers include ASICs and DFB lasers. In addition, most of the short wavelength VCSEL lasers used in our LAN and SAN products are produced at our facility in Richardson, Texas. Generally, purchase commitments with our single or limited source suppliers are on a purchase order basis. We generally try to maintain a buffer inventory of key components. However, any interruption or delay in the supply of any of these components, or the inability to procure these components from alternate sources at acceptable prices and within a reasonable time, would substantially harm our business. In addition, qualifying additional suppliers can be time-consuming and expensive and may increase the likelihood of errors.
We use a rolling 12-month forecast of anticipated product orders to determine our material requirements. Lead times for materials and components we order vary significantly, and depend on factors such as the demand for such components in relation to each supplier’s manufacturing capacity, internal manufacturing capacity, contract terms and demand for a component at a given time.
Research and Development
In fiscal 2004, fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2002, our research and development expenses were $62.2 million, $60.3 million, and $54.4 million, respectively. We believe that our future success depends on our ability to continue to enhance our existing products and to develop new products that maintain technological competitiveness. We focus our product development activities on addressing the evolving needs of our customers within the LAN, SAN and MAN markets, although we also are seeking to leverage our core competencies by developing products for other markets, including the automotive and consumer electronics industries. We work closely with our original equipment manufacturers and system integrators to monitor changes in the marketplace. We design our products around current industry standards and will continue to support emerging standards that are consistent with our product strategy. Our research and development groups are aligned with our various product lines, and we also have specific groups devoted to ASIC design and test, gigabit per second subsystem design and test equipment hardware and software design. Our product development operations include the active involvement of our manufacturing engineers who examine each product for its manufacturability, predicted reliability, expected lifetime and manufacturing costs.
We believe that our research and development efforts are key to our ability to maintain technical competitiveness and to deliver innovative products that address the needs of the market. However, there can be no assurance that our product development efforts will result in commercially successful products, or that our products will not be rendered obsolete by changing technology or new product announcements by other companies.
Intellectual Property
Our success and ability to compete is dependent in part on our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as confidentiality agreements and licensing arrangements, to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We currently own 178 issued U.S. patents and 578 patent applications with additional foreign counterparts. We cannot assure you that any patents will issue as a result of pending patent applications or that our issued patents will be upheld. Any infringement of our proprietary rights could result in significant litigation costs, and any failure to adequately
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The networking industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent litigation based on allegations of patent infringement. We have previously been involved in a series of patent infringement lawsuits. From time to time, other parties may assert patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights to technologies and in various jurisdictions that are important to our business. Any claims asserting that our products infringe or may infringe proprietary rights of third parties, if determined adversely to us, could significantly harm our business. Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, any of which could significantly harm our business. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. In addition, our agreements with our customers typically require us to indemnify our customers from any expense or liability resulting from claimed infringement of third party intellectual property rights. In the event a claim against us was successful and we could not obtain a license to the relevant technology on acceptable terms or license a substitute technology or redesign our products to avoid infringement, our business would be significantly harmed.
Employees
As of April 30, 2004, we employed 2,826 full-time employees 608 of whom were located in the United States and 2,218 of whom were located at the Company’s production facilities in Ipoh, Malaysia, Shanghai, China and Singapore. We also from time to time employ part-time employees and hire contractors. Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our employee relations are good.
Available Information
Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, are available on our website at www.finisar.com as soon as practicable following such filings.
Factors That Could Affect Our Future Performance
OUR FUTURE PERFORMANCE IS SUBJECT TO A VARIETY OF RISKS. IF ANY OF THE FOLLOWING RISKS ACTUALLY OCCUR, OUR BUSINESS COULD BE HARMED AND THE TRADING PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK COULD DECLINE. YOU SHOULD ALSO REFER TO THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT, INCLUDING OUR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THE RELATED NOTES.
| We are subject to a number of special risks as a result of our planned acquisition of the fiber optics business unit of Infineon Technologies AG |
On April 29, 2004, we entered into an agreement with Infineon Technologies AG to acquire Infineon’s fiber optics business unit, based in Berlin, Germany, for approximately 135,000,000 shares of Finisar Common Stock. If the acquisition is consummated, our future results of operation will be substantially influenced by the
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| • | The Infineon fiber optics business unit has sustained substantial operating losses and we expect that the combined company will continue to experience losses in the future due to significant transaction and integration costs and operating expenses. The combination of the two businesses will significantly increase the rate at which we utilize our available cash resources. If we are not successful in achieving substantial cost savings through the restructuring and integration of the two businesses, these operating losses will continue and will adversely affect our operating results and liquidity. | |
| • | We will face a number of significant challenges in integrating the technologies, operations and personnel of Finisar and the Infineon fiber optics business unit in a timely and efficient manner, and our failure to do so effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. | |
| • | We may not achieve the strategic objectives and other anticipated potential benefits of the acquisition, and our failure to achieve these strategic objectives could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, expenses and operating results. | |
| • | Transaction costs associated with the acquisition will be included as part of the total purchase cost for accounting purposes. In addition, we may incur charges to operations in amounts that are not currently estimable, in the quarter in which the acquisition is completed or in following quarters, to reflect costs associated with integrating the two companies. These costs could adversely effect our future liquidity and operating results. | |
| • | Immediately following completion of the acquisition, Infineon will own approximately 38% of the capital stock of Finisar. The issuance of these shares in connection with the acquisition will cause a significant reduction in the relative percentage interest of current Finisar stockholders, and, following such issuance, Infineon will be able to substantially influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by our stockholders. | |
| • | As a result of the acquisition, Finisar will become a substantiality larger and more geographically dispersed organization, and if our management is unable to effectively manage the combined company after the acquisition, our operating results will suffer. | |
| • | The acquisition will increase the cost and complexity of complying with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with regard to the evaluation and attestation of our internal control systems. |
Before consummating the acquisition, we must obtain stockholder approval for the issuance of the shares. The Infineon fiber optics business unit, the terms of the transaction and the risks related to the acquisition will be described in greater detail in the proxy statement for the meeting of stockholders at which such approval will be sought.
| We have incurred significant net losses, our future revenues are inherently unpredictable, our operating results are likely to fluctuate from period to period, and if we fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, our stock price could decline significantly |
We incurred net losses of $113.8 million, $619.8 million and $218.7 million in our fiscal years ended April 30, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Our operating results for future periods are subject to numerous uncertainties, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve or sustain profitability.
Our quarterly and annual operating results have fluctuated substantially in the past and are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors, some of which are outside of our control. Accordingly, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance. Some of the factors that could cause our quarterly or annual operating results to fluctuate include market acceptance of our products, market demand for the products manufactured by our customers, the introduction of new products and manufacturing processes, manufacturing yields, competitive pressures and customer retention.
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We may experience a delay in generating or recognizing revenues for a number of reasons. Orders at the beginning of each quarter typically represent a small percentage of expected revenues for that quarter and are generally cancelable at any time. Accordingly, we depend on obtaining orders during each quarter for shipment in that quarter to achieve our revenue objectives. Failure to ship these products by the end of a quarter may adversely affect our operating results. Furthermore, our customer agreements typically provide that the customer may delay scheduled delivery dates and cancel orders within specified timeframes without significant penalty. Because we base our operating expenses on anticipated revenue trends and a high percentage of our expenses are fixed in the short term, any delay in generating or recognizing forecasted revenues could significantly harm our business. It is likely that in some future quarters our operating results will again decrease from the previous quarter or fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. In this event, it is likely that the trading price of our common stock would significantly decline.
| We may have insufficient cash flow to meet our debt service obligations, including payments due on our subordinated convertible notes |
We will be required to generate cash sufficient to pay our indebtedness and other liabilities, including all amounts due on our outstanding 5 1/4% and 2 1/2% convertible subordinated notes due 2008 and 2010, respectively, and to conduct our business operations. We may not be able to cover our anticipated debt service obligations from our cash flow. This may materially hinder our ability to make payments on the notes. Our ability to meet our future debt service obligations will depend upon our future performance, which will be subject to financial, business and other factors affecting our operations, many of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to make required principal and interest payments on the notes when due.
| We may not be able to obtain additional capital in the future, and failure to do so may harm our Business |
We believe that our existing balances of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We may, however, require additional financing to fund our operations in the future or to repay the principal of our outstanding 2 1/2% and 5 1/4% convertible subordinated notes due 2010 and 2008, respectively. The significant contraction in the capital markets, particularly in the technology sector, may make it difficult for us to raise additional capital if and when it is required, especially if we continue to experience disappointing operating results. If adequate capital is not available to us as required, or is not available on favorable terms, we could be required to significantly reduce or restructure our business operations.
| Failure to accurately forecast our revenues could result in additional charges for obsolete or excess inventories or non-cancelable purchase commitments |
We base many of our operating decisions, and enter into purchase commitments, on the basis of anticipated revenue trends which are highly unpredictable. Some of our purchase commitments are not cancelable, and in some cases we are required to recognize a charge representing the amount of material or capital equipment purchased or ordered which exceeds our actual requirements. In the past, we have sometimes experienced significant growth followed by a significant decrease in customer demand such as occurred in fiscal 2001, when revenues increased by 181% followed by a decrease of 22% in fiscal 2002. Based on projected revenue trends during these periods, we acquired inventories and entered into purchase commitments in order to meet anticipated increases in demand for our products which did not materialize. As a result, we recorded significant charges for obsolete and excess inventories and non-cancelable purchase commitments which contributed to substantial operating losses in fiscal 2002. Should revenue in future periods again fall substantially below our expectations, or should we fail again to accurately forecast changes in demand mix, we could be required to record additional charges for obsolete or excess inventories or non-cancelable purchase commitments.
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| Our operating expenses may need to be further reduced which could impact our future growth |
We experienced a significant decline in revenues and operating results during fiscal 2002. While revenues recovered to some extent in fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2004, they have not yet reached levels required to operate on a profitable basis due primarily to higher fixed expenses related to a number of acquisitions, low gross margins and continued high levels of spending for research and development in anticipation of future revenue growth. While we continue to expect future revenue growth, we have taken steps to reduce our operating expenses in order to conserve our cash, and we may be required to take further action to reduce expenses. These expense reduction measures may adversely affect our ability to market our products, introduce new and improved products and increase our revenues, which could adversely affect our business and cause the price of our stock to decline. In order to be successful in the future, we must reduce our operating and product expenses, while at the same time completing our key product development programs and penetrating new customers.
| We are dependent on widespread market acceptance of two product families, and our revenues will decline if the market does not continue to accept either of these product families |
We currently derive substantially all of our revenue from sales of our optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems. We expect that revenue from these products will continue to account for substantially all of our revenue for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, widespread acceptance of these products is critical to our future success. If the market does not continue to accept either our optical subsystems and components or our network test and monitoring systems, our revenues will decline significantly. Factors that may affect the market acceptance of our products include the continued growth of the markets for LANs, SANs, and MANs and, in particular, Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel-based technologies, as well as the performance, price and total cost of ownership of our products and the availability, functionality and price of competing products and technologies.
Many of these factors are beyond our control. In addition, in order to achieve widespread market acceptance, we must differentiate ourselves from our competition through product offerings and brand name recognition. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in making this differentiation or achieving widespread acceptance of our products. Failure of our existing or future products to maintain and achieve widespread levels of market acceptance will significantly impair our revenue growth.
| We depend on large purchases from a few significant customers, and any loss, cancellation, reduction or delay in purchases by these customers could harm our Business |
A small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of our revenues. For example, sales to our top three customers represented 39% of our revenues in fiscal 2004, and sales to Cisco Systems represented 22%. Our success will depend on our continued ability to develop and manage relationships with significant customers. Although we are attempting to expand our customer base, we expect that significant customer concentration will continue for the foreseeable future.
The markets in which we sell our products are dominated by a relatively small number of systems manufacturers, thereby limiting the number of our potential customers. Our dependence on large orders from a relatively small number of customers makes our relationship with each customer critically important to our business. We cannot assure you that we will be able to retain our largest customers, that we will be able to attract additional customers, or that our customers will be successful in selling their products that incorporate our products. We have in the past experienced delays and reductions in orders from some of our major customers. In addition, our customers have in the past sought price concessions from us, and we expect that they will continue to do so in the future. Cost reduction measures that we have implemented during the past several quarters, and additional action we may take to reduce costs, may adversely affect our ability to introduce new and improved products which may, in turn, adversely affect our relationships with some of our key customers. Further, some of our customers may in the future shift their purchases of products from us to our competitors or to joint ventures between these customers and our competitors. The loss of one or more of our largest customers, any reduction or delay in sales to these customers, our inability to successfully develop
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| Because we do not have long-term contracts with our customers, our customers may cease purchasing our products at any time if we fail to meet our customers’ needs |
Typically, we do not have long-term contracts with our customers. As a result, our agreements with our customers do not provide any assurance of future sales. Accordingly:
| • | our customers can stop purchasing our products at any time without penalty; | |
| • | our customers are free to purchase products from our competitors; and | |
| • | our customers are not required to make minimum purchases. |
Sales are typically made pursuant to individual purchase orders, often with extremely short lead times. If we are unable to fulfill these orders in a timely manner, it is likely that we will lose sales and customers.
| Our market is subject to rapid technological change, and to compete effectively we must continually introduce new products that achieve market acceptance |
The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements and evolving industry standards with respect to the protocols used in data communications networks. We expect that new technologies will emerge as competition and the need for higher and more cost-effective bandwidth increases. Our future performance will depend on the successful development, introduction and market acceptance of new and enhanced products that address these changes as well as current and potential customer requirements. The introduction of new and enhanced products may cause our customers to defer or cancel orders for existing products. In addition, a slowdown in demand for existing products ahead of a new product introduction could result in a write-down in the value of inventory on hand related to existing products. We have in the past experienced a slowdown in demand for existing products and delays in new product development and such delays may occur in the future. To the extent customers defer or cancel orders for existing products due to a slowdown in demand or in the expectation of a new product release or if there is any delay in development or introduction of our new products or enhancements of our products, our operating results would suffer. We also may not be able to develop the underlying core technologies necessary to create new products and enhancements, or to license these technologies from third parties. Product development delays may result from numerous factors, including:
| • | changing product specifications and customer requirements; | |
| • | unanticipated engineering complexities; | |
| • | expense reduction measures we have implemented, and others we may implement, to conserve our cash and attempt to accelerate our return to profitability; | |
| • | difficulties in hiring and retaining necessary technical personnel; | |
| • | difficulties in reallocating engineering resources and overcoming resource limitations; and | |
| • | changing market or competitive product requirements. |
The development of new, technologically advanced products is a complex and uncertain process requiring high levels of innovation and highly skilled engineering and development personnel, as well as the accurate anticipation of technological and market trends. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify, develop, manufacture, market or support new or enhanced products successfully, if at all, or on a timely basis. Further, we cannot assure you that our new products will gain market acceptance or that we will be able to respond effectively to product announcements by competitors, technological changes or emerging industry standards. Any failure to respond to technological change would significantly harm our business.
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| Continued competition in our markets may lead to a reduction in our prices, revenues and market share |
The markets for optical components and subsystems and network test and monitoring systems for use in LANs, SANs and MANs are highly competitive. Our current competitors include a number of domestic and international companies, many of which have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing and distribution resources and brand name recognition than we have. Other companies, including some of our customers, may enter the market for optical subsystems and network test and monitoring systems. We may not be able to compete successfully against either current or future competitors. Increased competition could result in significant price erosion, reduced revenue, lower margins or loss of market share, any of which would significantly harm our business. For optical subsystems, we compete primarily with Agilent Technologies, Inc., Infineon Technologies AG, JDS Uniphase Corporation, Luminent, Inc., Molex, Optical Communications Products, Inc., Picolight, Inc., Premise Networks and Stratos Lightwave, Inc. For network test and monitoring systems, we compete primarily with Ancot Corporation, I-Tech Corporation, Network Associates, Inc. and Xyratex International. Our competitors continue to introduce improved products with lower prices, and we will have to do the same to remain competitive. In addition, some of our current and potential customers may attempt to integrate their operations by producing their own optical components and subsystems and network test and monitoring systems or acquiring one of our competitors, thereby eliminating the need to purchase our products. Furthermore, larger companies in other related industries, such as the telecommunications industry, may develop or acquire technologies and apply their significant resources, including their distribution channels and brand name recognition, to capture significant market share.
| Decreases in average selling prices of our products may reduce gross margins |
The market for optical subsystems is characterized by declining average selling prices resulting from factors such as increased competition, overcapacity, the introduction of new products and increased unit volumes as manufacturers continue to deploy network and storage systems. We have in the past experienced, and in the future may experience, substantial period-to-period fluctuations in operating results due to declining average selling prices. We anticipate that average selling prices will decrease in the future in response to product introductions by competitors or us, or by other factors, including price pressures from significant customers. Therefore, in order to achieve and sustain profitable operations, we must continue to develop and introduce on a timely basis new products that incorporate features that can be sold at higher average selling prices. Failure to do so could cause our revenues and gross margins to decline, which would result in additional operating losses and significantly harm our business.
We may be unable to reduce the cost of our products sufficiently to enable us to compete with others. Our cost reduction efforts may not allow us to keep pace with competitive pricing pressures and could adversely affect our margins. In order to remain competitive, we must continually reduce the cost of manufacturing our products through design and engineering changes. We may not be successful in redesigning our products or delivering our products to market in a timely manner. We cannot assure you that any redesign will result in sufficient cost reductions to allow us to reduce the price of our products to remain competitive or improve our gross margin.
| Shifts in our product mix may result in declines in gross margins |
Our gross profit margins vary among our product families, and are generally higher on our network test and monitoring systems than on our optical subsystems. Our gross margins are generally lower for newly introduced products and improve as unit volumes increase. Our overall gross margins have fluctuated from period to period as a result of shifts in product mix, the introduction of new products, decreases in average selling prices for older products and our ability to reduce product costs, and these fluctuations are expected to continue in the future.
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| Past and future acquisitions could be difficult to integrate, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value and harm our operating results |
Since October 2000, we have completed the acquisition of six privately-held companies and certain assets from three other companies, including our recently completed acquisition of the VCSEL Optical Products business unit from Honeywell International Inc. In addition, we have entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the fiber optics business unit of Infineon Technologies AG. We continue to review opportunities to acquire other businesses, product lines or technologies that would complement our current products, expand the breadth of our markets or enhance our technical capabilities, or that may otherwise offer growth opportunities, and we from time to time make proposals and offers, and take other steps, to acquire businesses, products and technologies. Several of our past acquisitions, as well as our pending acquisition of the Infineon fiber optics business unit, have been material, and acquisitions that we may complete in the future may be material. In six of our nine acquisitions, we issued stock as all or a portion of the consideration. We are obligated to release additional shares from escrow and to issue additional shares in connection with one of the acquisitions upon the occurrence of certain contingencies and the achievement of certain milestones, and we will issue additional shares in connection with the pending Infineon acquisition. The issuance of stock in these and any future transactions has or would dilute stockholders’ percentage ownership.
Other risks associated with acquiring the operations of other companies include:
| • | problems assimilating the purchased operations, technologies or products; | |
| • | unanticipated costs associated with the acquisition; | |
| • | diversion of management’s attention from our core business; | |
| • | adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; | |
| • | risks associated with entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and | |
| • | potential loss of key employees of purchased organizations. |
Several of our past acquisitions have not been successful. During fiscal 2003, we sold some of the assets acquired in two prior acquisitions, discontinued a product line and closed one of our acquired facilities. As a result of these activities, we incurred significant restructuring charges and charges for the write-down of assets associated with those acquisitions. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in overcoming future problems encountered in connection with our past or future acquisitions, and our inability to do so could significantly harm our business. In addition, to the extent that the economic benefits associated with any of our acquisitions diminish in the future, we may be required to record additional write downs of goodwill, intangible assets or other assets associated with such acquisitions, which would adversely affect our operating results.
| Our customers often evaluate our products for long and variable periods, which causes the timing of our revenues and results of operations to be unpredictable |
The period of time between our initial contact with a customer and the receipt of an actual purchase order may span a year or more. During this time, customers may perform, or require us to perform, extensive and lengthy evaluation and testing of our products before purchasing and using them in their equipment. Our customers do not typically share information on the duration or magnitude of these qualification procedures. The length of these qualification processes also may vary substantially by product and customer, and, thus, cause our results of operations to be unpredictable. While our potential customers are qualifying our products and before they place an order with us, we may incur substantial research and development and sales and marketing expenses and expend significant management effort. Even after incurring such costs we ultimately may not sell any products to such potential customers. In addition, these qualification processes often make it difficult to obtain new customers, as customers are reluctant to expend the resources necessary to qualify a new supplier if they have one or more existing qualified sources. Once our products have been qualified, the agreements that we enter into with our customers typically contain no minimum purchase commitments. Failure of our customers to incorporate our products into their systems would significantly harm our business.
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| We depend on facilities located outside of the United States to manufacture a substantial portion of our products, which subjects us to additional risks |
In addition to our principal manufacturing facility in Malaysia, we operate a smaller facility in China and also rely on two contract manufacturers located outside of the United States. Upon completion of our pending acquisition of the Infineon fiber optics business unit, we will operate additional facilities in Germany and the Czech Republic. Each of these facilities and manufacturers subjects us to additional risks associated with international manufacturing, including:
| • | unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; | |
| • | legal uncertainties regarding liability, tariffs and other trade barriers; | |
| • | inadequate protection of intellectual property in some countries; | |
| • | greater incidence of shipping delays; | |
| • | greater difficulty in overseeing manufacturing operations; | |
| • | greater difficulty in hiring technical talent needed to oversee manufacturing operations; | |
| • | potential political and economic instability; | |
| • | currency fluctuations; and | |
| • | the outbreak of infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, which could result in travel restrictions or the closure of our facilities or the facilities of our customers and suppliers. |
Any of these factors could significantly impair our ability to source our contract manufacturing requirements internationally.
| Our business and future operating results are subject to a wide range of uncertainties arising out of the continuing threat of terrorist attacks and ongoing military action in the Middle East |
Like other U.S. companies, our business and operating results are subject to uncertainties arising out of the continuing threat of terrorist attacks on the United States and ongoing military action in the Middle East, including the potential worsening or extension of the current global economic slowdown, the economic consequences of the war in Iraq or additional terrorist activities and associated political instability, and the impact of heightened security concerns on domestic and international travel and commerce. In particular, due to these uncertainties we are subject to:
| • | increased risks related to the operations of our manufacturing facilities in Malaysia and China; | |
| • | greater risks of disruption in the operations of our Asian contract manufacturers and more frequent instances of shipping delays; and | |
| • | the risk that future tightening of immigration controls may adversely affect the residence status of non-U.S. engineers and other key technical employees in our U.S. facilities or our ability to hire new non-U.S. employees in such facilities. |
| We may lose sales if our suppliers fail to meet our needs |
We currently purchase several key components used in the manufacture of our products from single or limited sources. We depend on these sources to meet our needs. Moreover, we depend on the quality of the products supplied to us over which we have limited control. We have encountered shortages and delays in obtaining components in the past and expect to encounter shortages and delays in the future. If we cannot supply products due to a lack of components, or are unable to redesign products with other components in a timely manner, our business will be significantly harmed. We generally have no long-term contracts for any of our components. As a result, a supplier can discontinue supplying components to us without penalty. If a supplier discontinued supplying a component, our business may be harmed by the resulting product
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We use rolling forecasts based on anticipated product orders to determine our component requirements. Lead times for materials and components that we order vary significantly and depend on factors such as specific supplier requirements, contract terms and current market demand for particular components. If we overestimate our component requirements, we may have excess inventory, which would increase our costs. If we underestimate our component requirements, we may have inadequate inventory, which could interrupt our manufacturing and delay delivery of our products to our customers. Any of these occurrences would significantly harm our business.
| We have made and may continue to make strategic investments which may not be successful and may result in the loss of all or part of our invested capital |
Through fiscal 2004, we recorded minority equity investments in early-stage technology companies, totaling $43.5 million. Our investments in these early stage companies were primarily motivated by our desire to gain early access to new technology. We intend to review additional opportunities to make strategic equity investments in pre-public companies where we believe such investments will provide us with opportunities to gain access to important technologies or otherwise enhance important commercial relationships. We have little or no influence over the early-stage companies in which we have made or may make these strategic, minority equity investments. Each of these investments in pre-public companies involves a high degree of risk. We may not be successful in achieving the financial, technological or commercial advantage upon which any given investment is premised, and failure by the early-stage company to achieve its own business objectives or to raise capital needed on acceptable economic terms could result in a loss of all or part of our invested capital. In fiscal 2003, we wrote off $12.0 million in two investments which became impaired. In fiscal 2004, we wrote off $1.6 million in two additional investments, and we may be required to write off all or a portion of the $24.2 million in such investments remaining on our balance sheet as of April 30, 2004 in future periods.
| We are subject to pending Legal Proceedings |
A securities class action lawsuit was filed on November 30, 2001 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, purportedly on behalf of all persons who purchased our common stock from November 17, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The complaint named as defendants Finisar, Jerry S. Rawls, our President and Chief Executive Officer, Frank H. Levinson, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, Stephen K. Workman, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and an investment banking firm that served as an underwriter for our initial public offering in November 1999 and a secondary offering in April 2000. The complaint, as amended, alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. No specific damages are claimed. Similar allegations have been made in lawsuits relating to more than 300 other initial public offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000, which were consolidated for pretrial purposes. In October 2002, all claims against the individual defendants were dismissed without prejudice. On February 19, 2003, our motion to dismiss the complaint was denied. We, together with most of the other issuer defendants in the consolidated cases, have agreed to settle. Under the terms of the settlement, the plaintiffs will dismiss and release all claims against participating defendants in exchange for a contingent payment guaranty by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all related cases, and the assignment or surrender to the plaintiffs of certain claims the issuer defendants may have against the underwriters. Under the guaranty, the insurers will be required to pay the amount, if any, by which $1 billion exceeds the aggregate amount ultimately collected by the plaintiffs from the underwriter defendants in all the cases. If the plaintiffs fail to recover $1 billion and payment is required under the guaranty, we would be responsible to pay our pro rata portion of the shortfall, up to the amount of the self-insured retention under our insurance policy, which may be up to $2 million. The timing and amount of payments that we could be required to make under the proposed settlement will depend on several factors, principally the timing and amount of any payment by the insurers pursuant to the $1 billion guaranty. The settlement is subject to approval of the Court, which cannot be assured. If the settlement is not approved by the Court, we intend to defend the lawsuit vigorously.
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| The new requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will increase our operating expenses, and potential inability to fully comply with the requirements of Section 404 could adversely affect the market price of our common stock |
Rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require annual review and evaluation of our internal control systems, and attestation of these systems by our independent auditors. We are currently undergoing a thorough review of our internal control systems and procedures and considering improvements that will be necessary in order for us to comply with the requirements of Section 404 by the end of our fiscal year ending April 30, 2005. This evaluation process will require us to hire additional personnel and engage outside advisory services and will result in additional accounting and legal expenses, all of which will cause our operating expenses to increase. In addition, the evaluation and attestation processes required by Section 404 are new and untested, and we may encounter problems and delays in completing the implementation of improvements in our internal controls. As a result, we may be unable to fully comply with the requirements of Section 404 by the April 30, 2005 deadline. Our inability to complete the implementation of required improvements in our internal controls by April 30, 2005 or to obtain a timely and favorable attestation by our independent auditors could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial management and the reliability of our financial statements and could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
| Because of competition for technical personnel, we may not be able to recruit or retain necessary personnel |
We believe our future success will depend in large part upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, technical, sales and marketing, finance and manufacturing personnel. In particular, we may need to increase the number of technical staff members with experience in high-speed networking applications as we further develop our product lines. Competition for these highly skilled employees in our industry is intense. Our failure to attract and retain these qualified employees could significantly harm our business. The loss of the services of any of our qualified employees, the inability to attract or retain qualified personnel in the future or delays in hiring required personnel could hinder the development and introduction of and negatively impact our ability to sell our products. In addition, employees may leave our company and subsequently compete against us. Moreover, companies in our industry whose employees accept positions with competitors frequently claim that their competitors have engaged in unfair hiring practices. We have been subject to claims of this type and may be subject to such claims in the future as we seek to hire qualified personnel. Some of these claims may result in material litigation. We could incur substantial costs in defending ourselves against these claims, regardless of their merits.
| Our products may contain defects that may cause us to incur significant costs, divert our attention from product development efforts and result in a loss of customers |
Networking products frequently contain undetected software or hardware defects when first introduced or as new versions are released. Our products are complex and defects may be found from time to time. In addition, our products are often embedded in or deployed in conjunction with our customers’ products which incorporate a variety of components produced by third parties. As a result, when problems occur, it may be difficult to identify the source of the problem. These problems may cause us to incur significant damages or warranty and repair costs, divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts and cause significant customer relation problems or loss of customers, all of which would harm our business.
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| Our failure to protect our intellectual property may significantly harm our Business |
Our success and ability to compete is dependent in part on our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as confidentiality agreements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We license certain of our proprietary technology, including our digital diagnostics technology, to customers who include current and potential competitors, and we rely largely on provisions of our licensing agreements to protect our intellectual property rights in this technology. Although a number of patents have been issued to us, we have obtained a number of other patents as a result of our acquisitions, and we have filed applications for additional patents, we cannot assure you that any patents will issue as a result of pending patent applications or that our issued patents will be upheld. Any infringement of our proprietary rights could result in significant litigation costs, and any failure to adequately protect our proprietary rights could result in our competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in loss of a competitive advantage and decreased revenues. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, existing patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws afford only limited protection. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. Attempts may be made to copy or reverse engineer aspects of our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Accordingly, we may not be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology or deter others from developing similar technology. Furthermore, policing the unauthorized use of our products is difficult. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. This litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could significantly harm our business.
| Claims that we infringe third-party intellectual property rights could result in significant expenses or restrictions on our ability to sell our products |
The networking industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent litigation based on allegations of patent infringement. We have been involved in the past in patent infringement lawsuits. From time to time, other parties may assert patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights to technologies and in various jurisdictions that are important to our business. Any claims asserting that our products infringe or may infringe proprietary rights of third parties, if determined adversely to us, could significantly harm our business. Any claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, any of which could significantly harm our business. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. In addition, our agreements with our customers typically require us to indemnify our customers from any expense or liability resulting from claimed infringement of third party intellectual property rights. In the event a claim against us was successful and we could not obtain a license to the relevant technology on acceptable terms or license a substitute technology or redesign our products to avoid infringement, our business would be significantly harmed.
| Our executive officers and directors and entities affiliated with them own a large percentage of our voting stock, and Infineon will acquire a large block of our common stock upon consummation of the pending acquisition, which will result in a substantial concentration of control and could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in our control |
As of April 30, 2004, our executive officers, directors and entities affiliated with them beneficially owned approximately 37.7 million shares of our common stock, or approximately 17.0% of the outstanding shares. These stockholders, acting together, may be able to substantially influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by stockholders, including the election or removal of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions. In addition, upon the consummation of the pending acquisition of Infineon’s fiber optics business unit, Infineon will hold approximately 38% of our outstanding common stock. Accordingly, following the acquisition, Infineon will be able to substantially influence the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, and Infineon, our executive officers, directors and entities affiliated with them, voting together, would be able to effectively control the outcome of such matters. This concentration of
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| Delaware law, our charter documents and our stockholder rights plan contain provisions that could discourage or prevent a potential takeover, even if such a transaction would be beneficial to our stockholders |
Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that a stockholder may consider favorable. These include provisions:
| • | authorizing the board of directors to issue additional preferred stock; | |
| • | prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors; | |
| • | limiting the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders; | |
| • | prohibiting stockholder actions by written consent; | |
| • | creating a classified board of directors pursuant to which our directors are elected for staggered three-year terms; | |
| • | permitting the board of directors to increase the size of the board and to fill vacancies; | |
| • | requiring a super-majority vote of our stockholders to amend our bylaws and certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation; and | |
| • | establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings. |
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law which limit the right of a corporation to engage in a business combination with a holder of 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting securities, or certain affiliated persons.
In addition, in September 2002, our board of directors adopted a stockholder rights plan under which our stockholders received one share purchase right for each share of our common stock held by them. Subject to certain exceptions, the rights become exercisable when a person or group (other than certain exempt persons) acquires, or announces its intention to commence a tender or exchange offer upon completion of which such person or group would acquire, 20% or more of our common stock without prior board approval. Should such an event occur, then, unless the rights are redeemed or have expired, our stockholders, other than the acquiror, will be entitled to purchase shares of our common stock at a 50% discount from its then-Current Market Price (as defined) or, in the case of certain business combinations, purchase the common stock of the acquiror at a 50% discount.
Although we believe that these charter and bylaw provisions, provisions of Delaware law and our stockholder rights plan provide an opportunity for the board to assure that our stockholders realize full value for their investment, they could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, even under circumstances that some stockholders may consider beneficial.
| Our business and future operating results may be adversely affected by events outside of our control |
Our business and operating results are vulnerable to events outside of our control, such as earthquakes, fire, power loss, telecommunications failures and uncertainties arising out of terrorist attacks in the United States and overseas. Our corporate headquarters and a portion of our manufacturing operations are located in California. California in particular has been vulnerable to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, fires and floods, and other risks which at times have disrupted the local economy and posed physical risks to our property. We are also dependent on communications links with our overseas manufacturing locations and
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| Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be volatile |
The trading price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be subject to large fluctuations. Our stock price may increase or decrease in response to a number of events and factors, including:
| • | trends in our industry and the markets in which we operate; | |
| • | changes in the market price of the products we sell; | |
| • | changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts; | |
| • | acquisitions and financings; | |
| • | quarterly variations in our operating results; | |
| • | the operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors in our common stock may deem comparable; and | |
| • | purchases or sales of blocks of our common stock. |
Part of this volatility is attributable to the current state of the stock market, in which wide price swings are common. This volatility may adversely affect the prices of our common stock regardless of our operating performance.
| Item 2. | Properties |
Our principal facilities are located in California, Texas, Malaysia and China.
We lease approximately 75,000 square feet in Sunnyvale, California, for our corporate headquarters which includes research and development, sales and marketing, general and administrative and manufacturing operations. This lease expires in July 2006. We also own a 92,000 square foot facility in Sunnyvale consisting of three buildings which includes our research and development, sales and marketing, and manufacturing operations.
We lease approximately 54,300 square feet in Hayward, California. This lease expires in January 2006 and the facility is currently vacant.
We own a 640,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Ipoh, Malaysia, where we conduct our principal manufacturing operations.
As part of our acquisition of Genoa Corporation, we obtained four leased facilities, totaling approximately 44,000 square feet, in Fremont, California. These leases expire in February 2006. We conduct wafer fabrication operations at this facility.
We lease approximately 57,000 square feet of general office and manufacturing space in Shanghai, China to house the operations of our subsidiary, Transwave Fiber (Shanghai), Inc. This lease expires in September 2005.
We lease approximately 16,000 square feet of general office space in Austin, Texas, to house the operations of our Medusa Technologies Division. This lease expires in July 2008.
In connection with our acquisition of Honeywell’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit, we entered into a lease with Honeywell for a manufacturing facility in Richardson, Texas, totaling approximately 50,000 square feet. This lease expires in November 2006.
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| Item 3. | Legal Proceedings |
A securities class action lawsuit was filed on November 30, 2001 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, purportedly on behalf of all persons who purchased our common stock from November 17, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The complaint named as defendants Finisar, Jerry S. Rawls, our President and Chief Executive Officer, Frank H. Levinson, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, Stephen K. Workman, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and an investment banking firm that served as an underwriter for our initial public offering in November 1999 and a secondary offering in April 2000. The complaint, as subsequently amended, alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the prospectuses incorporated in the registration statements for the offerings failed to disclose, among other things, that (i) the underwriter had solicited and received excessive and undisclosed commissions from certain investors in exchange for which the underwriter allocated to those investors material portions of the shares of our stock sold in the offerings and (ii) the underwriter had entered into agreements with customers whereby the underwriter agreed to allocate shares of our stock sold in the offerings to those customers in exchange for which the customers agreed to purchase additional shares of our stock in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. No specific damages are claimed. Similar allegations have been made in lawsuits relating to more than 300 other initial public offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000, which were consolidated for pretrial purposes. In October 2002, all claims against the individual defendants were dismissed without prejudice. On February 19, 2003, the Court denied Finisar’s motion to dismiss the complaint. In July 2004, Finisar and the individual defendants accepted a settlement proposal made to all of the issuer defendants. Under the terms of the settlement, the plaintiffs will dismiss and release all claims against participating defendants in exchange for a contingent payment guaranty by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all the related cases, and the assignment or surrender to the plaintiffs of certain claims the issuer defendants may have against the underwriters. Under the guaranty, the insurers will be required to pay the amount, if any, by which $1 billion exceeds the aggregate amount ultimately collected by the plaintiffs from the underwriter defendants in all the cases. If the plaintiffs fail to recover $1 billion and payment is required under the guaranty, Finisar would be responsible to pay its pro rata portion of the shortfall, up to the amount of the self-insured retention under its insurance policy, which may be up to $2 million. The timing and amount of payments that Finisar could be required to make under the proposed settlement will depend on several factors, principally the timing and amount of any payment required by the insurers pursuant to the $1 billion guaranty. The settlement is subject to approval of the Court, which cannot be assured. If the settlement is not approved by the Court, Finisar intends to defend the lawsuit vigorously. However, the litigation is in the preliminary stage, and we cannot predict its outcome. The litigation process is inherently uncertain. If the litigation proceeds and its outcome is adverse to us and if we are required to pay significant monetary damages, our business would be significantly harmed.
| Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
There were no matters submitted to a vote of our security holders during the quarter ended April 30, 2004.
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Executive Officers of the Registrant
The Company’s executive officers and their ages as of August 1, 2004 are:
| Name | Position With Finisar | Age | ||||
| Jerry S. Rawls | President and Chief Executive Officer | 60 | ||||
| Frank H. Levinson | Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer | 51 | ||||
| David Buse | Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing | 53 | ||||
| Kevin Cornell | Senior Vice President & General Manager, Network Tools Division | 52 | ||||
| Fariba Danesh | Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer | 46 | ||||
| Anders Olsson | Senior Vice President, Engineering | 52 | ||||
| Stephen K. Workman | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Secretary | 53 | ||||
Jerry S. Rawlshas served as a member of our Board of Directors since March 1989 and as our Chief Executive Officer since August 1999. Mr. Rawls has also served as our President since April 2003 and previously held that title from April 1989 to September 2002. From September 1968 to February 1989, Mr. Rawls was employed by Raychem Corporation, a materials science and engineering company, where he held various management positions including Division General Manager of the Aerospace Products Division and Interconnection Systems Division. Mr. Rawls holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Texas Tech University and an M.S. in Industrial Administration from Purdue University.
Frank H. Levinsonfounded Finisar in April 1987 and has served as a member of our Board of Directors since February 1988 and as our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer since August 1999. Dr. Levinson also served as our Chief Executive Officer from February 1988 to August 1999. From September 1980 to December 1983, Dr. Levinson was a member of Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories. From January 1984 to July 1984, he was a Member of Technical Staff at Bellcore, a provider of services and products to the communications industry. From April 1985 to December 1985, Dr. Levinson was the principal optical scientist at Raychem Corporation, and from January 1986 to February 1988, he was Optical Department Manager at Raynet, Inc., a fiber optic systems company. Dr. Levinson holds a B.S. in Mathematics/ Physics from Butler University and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Virginia.
David Busejoined Finisar in December 2003 as our Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing. From May 2002 to September 2003, Mr. Buse was employed as Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Marketing of Silicon Bandwidth, an interconnect technology company. Prior thereto, he spent over 20 years at Raychem/ Tyco in various positions, most recently serving as Americas National Sales Manager. Mr. Buse holds a B.S. in Engineering Management from the United States Air Force Academy and an M.B.A. from UCLA.
Kevin Cornellhas served as our Senior Vice President and General Manager, Network Tools Division since July 2003. Before joining Finisar in January 2003, Mr. Cornell was employed by Borland Software Corporation, a software developer, as Vice President and General Manager for the Americas region from January 1999 to October 2002. From January 1997 to April 1999, he served as Country Manager for the Full Time Software (Qualix Group) Company, a software developer. Mr. Cornell holds a B.S. in Business from Ryerson University of Toronto, Canada.
Fariba Daneshhas served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since April 2003. Ms. Danesh served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Genoa Corporation from June 2002 to April 2003, when Genoa was acquired by Finisar. From June 2000 to June 2002, she served as Genoa’s Senior Vice President, Operations. Prior to joining Genoa, Ms. Danesh was employed by Sanmina Corporation as Vice President, Manufacturing, from September 1999 to June 2000. From February 1996 to August 1999, Ms. Danesh served in various positions at Seagate Technology, her most recent position being Vice President and General Manager, U.S. Media Operations. Ms. Danesh holds a B.S. in Biochemical Engineering from Santa Clara University.
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Anders Olssonjoined Finisar in January 2004 as our Senior Vice President, Engineering. From April 2003 to December 2003, Dr. Olsson was President and Chief Executive Officer of Photon-X Inc., a optical sensing company. From April 2000 to April 2003, Dr. Olsson was the Chief Operating Officer and Chief Technical Officer of CENiX Inc, a high-speed integrated subsystems company for data-com and telecom markets. Before co-founding CENiX, Dr. Olsson held a number of positions at Bell Laboratories, Lucent Network Systems, and Lucent Microelectronics; the first in basic research and the last as Optoelectronics General Manager and Vice President. Dr. Olsson holds an M.S. in Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology of Gothenburg, Sweden, and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University.
Stephen K. Workmanhas served as our Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer since March 1999 and as our Secretary since August 1999. From November 1989 to March 1999, Mr. Workman served as Chief Financial Officer at Ortel Corporation. Mr. Workman holds a B.S. in Engineering Science and an M.S. in Industrial Administration from Purdue University.
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PART II
| Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Stock, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Since our initial public offering on November 11, 1999, our common stock has traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “FNSR.” The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing sales prices of our common stock for the periods indicated:
| High | Low | |||||||
Fiscal 2004 Quarter Ended: | ||||||||
| April 30, 2004 | $ | 3.2600 | $ | 1.7700 | ||||
| January 31, 2004 | $ | 4.1400 | $ | 2.8000 | ||||
| October 31, 2003 | $ | 3.4100 | $ | 1.6200 | ||||
| July 31, 2003 | $ | 1.9400 | $ | 1.0900 | ||||
Fiscal 2003 Quarter Ended: | ||||||||
| April 30, 2003 | $ | 1.3200 | $ | 0.7600 | ||||
| January 31, 2003 | $ | 1.6000 | $ | 0.7400 | ||||
| October 31, 2002 | $ | 1.6900 | $ | 0.4400 | ||||
| July 31, 2002 | $ | 6.5000 | $ | 1.4600 | ||||
The closing price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq National Market on June 30, 2004 was $1.98. The approximate number of stockholders of record on June 30, 2004 was 547. This number does not include stockholders whose shares are held in trust by other entities. The number of beneficial stockholders of our shares is greater than the number of stockholders of record.
We have never declared or paid dividends on our common stock and currently do not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future so that we may reinvest our earnings in the development of our business. The payment of dividends in the future will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
| Item 6. | Selected Financial Data |
You should read the following selected financial data in conjunction with “Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. The statement of operations data set forth below for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and the balance sheet data as of April 30, 2004 and 2003 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The statement of operations data set forth below for the fiscal years ended
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| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | |||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 185,618 | $ | 166,482 | $ | 147,265 | $ | 188,800 | $ | 67,147 | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenues | 143,585 | 130,501 | 136,626 | 131,551 | 34,190 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | 19,239 | 21,983 | 27,119 | 10,900 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) | 22,794 | 13,998 | (16,480 | ) | 46,349 | 32,957 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 62,193 | 60,295 | 54,372 | 33,696 | 13,806 | ||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 20,063 | 20,232 | 21,448 | 16,673 | 7,122 | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 16,738 | 15,201 | 19,419 | 10,160 | 3,516 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of (benefit from) deferred stock compensation | (105 | ) | (1,719 | ) | 11,963 | 13,542 | 5,530 | ||||||||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development | 6,180 | — | 2,696 | 35,218 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles | 572 | 758 | 129,099 | 53,122 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangibles | — | 10,586 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs | 382 | 9,378 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Other acquisition costs | 222 | 198 | 3,119 | 1,130 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 106,245 | 114,929 | 242,116 | 163,541 | 29,974 | ||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | (83,451 | ) | (100,931 | ) | (258,596 | ) | (117,192 | ) | 2,983 | ||||||||||||
| Interest income (expense), net | (25,701 | ) | (6,699 | ) | (68 | ) | 14,217 | 3,252 | |||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (4,347 | ) | (51,314 | ) | 1,360 | 18,546 | (99 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes and cumulative effect of an accounting change | (113,499 | ) | (158,944 | ) | (257,304 | ) | (84,429 | ) | 6,136 | ||||||||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 334 | 229 | (38,566 | ) | 1,020 | 3,255 | |||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of an accounting change | (113,833 | ) | (159,173 | ) | (218,738 | ) | (85,449 | ) | 2,881 | ||||||||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | — | (460,580 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | $ | (85,449 | ) | $ | 2,881 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per share — basic: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Before cumulative effect of an accounting change | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (0.82 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | 0.03 | |||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | $ | — | $ | (2.35 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
| Income (loss) per share | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | 0.03 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per share — diluted: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) per share before cumulative effect of an accounting change | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (0.82 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | 0.02 | |||||||
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| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cumulative per share effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | $ | — | $ | (2.35 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) per share | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | 0.02 | ||||||||
| Shares used in per share calculations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | 160,014 | 113,930 | |||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | 160,014 | 144,102 | |||||||||||||||||
| Pro forma amounts assuming the change in accounting principle was applied retroactively (unaudited): | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (90,957 | ) | $ | (32,857 | ) | $ | 2,881 | ||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share — basic | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (0.50 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | 0.03 | ||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share — diluted | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (0.50 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | 0.02 | ||||||||
| Shares used in computing pro forma net income (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | 160,014 | 113,930 | |||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | 160,014 | 144,102 | |||||||||||||||||
| As of April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | ||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments | $ | 143,398 | $ | 119,438 | $ | 144,097 | $ | 146,111 | $ | 320,735 | ||||||||||
| Working capital | 172,892 | 149,967 | 222,603 | 249,000 | 342,711 | |||||||||||||||
| Total assets | 494,705 | 423,606 | 1,041,281 | 1,029,995 | 364,920 | |||||||||||||||
| Long-term portion of notes payable and capital lease obligations, and other long-term liabilities | 233,732 | 101,531 | 106,869 | 45,354 | 524 | |||||||||||||||
| Convertible preferred stock | — | — | — | 1 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 202,845 | 274,980 | 879,002 | 941,851 | 352,422 | |||||||||||||||
Net income in fiscal 2003 reflects our adoption of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards 141 and 142 on May 1, 2002. As a result of our adoption, reported net loss decreased by approximately $127.8 million, or $0.65 per share, due to the cessation of the amortization of goodwill and the amortization of acquired workforce and customer base.
| Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ substantially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under “Item 1. Business — Factors That Could Affect Our Future Performance.” The following discussion should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this document.
Overview
We were incorporated in 1987 and funded our initial product development efforts largely through revenues derived under research and development contracts. After shipping our first products in 1991, we continued to finance our operations principally through internal cash flow and periodic bank borrowings until
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Since October 2000, we have acquired a number of companies and certain businesses and assets of other companies in order to broaden our product offerings and provide new sources of revenue, production capabilities and access to advanced technologies that we believe will enable us to reduce our product costs and develop innovative and more highly integrated product platforms while accelerating the timeframe required to develop such products.
In October 2002, we sold our subsidiary, Sensors Unlimited, Inc. to a new company organized by a management group led by Dr. Greg Olsen, then an officer and director of Finisar and a former majority owner of Sensors Unlimited. The intellectual property developed after the acquisition of Sensors Unlimited was transferred to other operations within Finisar. In November 2002, we discontinued a product line at our Demeter Technologies subsidiary that was not making a significant contribution to our operating results and was no longer considered a key part of our product strategy. Certain assets of Demeter Technologies were sold in conjunction with the product line discontinuation. In April 2003, we acquired Genoa Corporation and announced the closure of Demeter Technologies and the consolidation of all active device development and wafer fabrication operations into the Genoa facility. The consolidation was completed in fiscal 2004. During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company completed the closure of its German facility. The intellectual property, technical know-how and certain assets related to the German operations were consolidated with the Company’s operations in Sunnyvale, California, during the second quarter of fiscal 2004.
The principal strategic goal of most of our acquisitions to date related to our optical subsystems and components business has been to gain access to leading-edge technology for the manufacture of optical components in order to improve the performance and reduce the cost of our optical subsystem products. We have also sold a limited amount of these optical components on a stand-alone basis to other manufacturers; however, to date, the sale of these components into this so-called “merchant market” has not been a strategic priority, and our revenues from the sale of optical subsystems and components has consisted predominantly of subsystems sales. As a result of our recently completed acquisition of Honeywell International, Inc’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit, we are now selling VCSELs in the merchant market, and we intend to evaluate opportunities to increase the sale of these and other components in the merchant market.
To date, our revenues have been principally derived from sales of our optical subsystems and network performance test systems to networking and storage systems manufacturers. A large proportion of our sales are concentrated with a relatively small number of customers. Although we are attempting to expand our customer base, we expect that significant customer concentration will continue for the foreseeable future.
We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, generally upon shipment, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. For those arrangements with multiple elements, or in related arrangements with the same customer, we invoice and charge for each separate element and allocate revenue to the separate elements based upon each element’s fair value as determined by the list price for such element.
We sell our products through our direct sales force, with the support of our manufacturers’ representatives, directly to domestic customers and indirectly through distribution channels to international customers. The evaluation and qualification cycle prior to the initial sale for our optical subsystems may span a year or more, while the sales cycle for our test and monitoring systems is usually considerably shorter.
The market for optical subsystems and components is characterized by declining average selling prices resulting from factors such as industry over-capacity, increased competition, the introduction of new products and the growth in unit volumes as manufacturers continue to deploy network and storage systems. We
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Our cost of revenues consists of materials, salaries and related expenses for manufacturing personnel, manufacturing overhead, warranty expense, inventory adjustments for obsolete and excess inventory and the amortization of acquired developed technology associated with acquisitions that we have made. Historically, we have outsourced the majority of our assembly operations. However, in fiscal 2002, we commenced manufacturing of our optical subsystem products at our subsidiary in Ipoh, Malaysia. We conduct component manufacturing, manufacturing engineering, supply chain management, quality assurance and documentation control at our facilities in Sunnyvale, California and Richardson, Texas and at our subsidiaries’ facilities in Fremont, California, Shanghai, China and Ipoh, Malaysia. With the transition of most of our production to Malaysia and the added manufacturing infrastructure associated with several acquisitions completed during the past two years, our cost structure has become more fixed, making it more difficult to reduce costs during periods when demand for our products is weak, product mix is unfavorable or selling prices are generally lower. While we undertook measures to reduce our operating costs during fiscal 2003 and 2004, there can be no assurance that we will be able to reduce our cost of revenues enough to achieve or sustain profitability during periods of weak demand or when average selling prices are low.
Our gross profit margins vary among our product families, and are generally higher on our network test and monitoring systems than on our optical subsystems and components. Our overall gross margins have fluctuated from period to period as a result of overall revenue levels, shifts in product mix, the introduction of new products, decreases in average selling prices and our ability to reduce product costs.
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for design engineers and other technical personnel, the cost of developing prototypes and fees paid to consultants. We charge all research and development expenses to operations as incurred. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to our long-term success.
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of commissions paid to manufacturers’ representatives, salaries and related expenses for personnel engaged in sales, marketing and field support activities and other costs associated with the promotion of our products.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for administrative, finance and human resources personnel, professional fees, and other corporate expenses.
In connection with the grant of stock options to employees between August 1, 1998 and October 15, 1999, we recorded deferred stock compensation representing the difference between the deemed value of our common stock for accounting purposes and the exercise price of these options at the date of grant. In connection with the assumption of stock options previously granted to employees of companies we acquired, we recorded deferred compensation representing the difference between the fair market value of our common stock on the date of closing of each acquisition and the exercise price of the unvested portion of options granted by those companies which we assumed. Deferred stock compensation is presented as a reduction of stockholder’s equity, with accelerated amortization recorded over the vesting period, which is typically three to five years. The amount of deferred stock compensation expense to be recorded in future periods could decrease if options for which accrued but unvested compensation has been recorded are forfeited prior to vesting and could increase if we modify the terms of an option grant resulting in a new measurement date.
Acquired in-process research and development represents the amount of the purchase price in a business combination allocated to research and development projects underway at the acquired company that had not reached the technologically feasible stage as of the closing of the acquisition and for which we had no alternative future use.
A portion of the purchase price in a business combination is allocated to goodwill and intangibles. Prior to May 1, 2002 goodwill and purchased intangibles were amortized over their estimated useful lives. Subsequent to May 1, 2002, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are no longer amortized but subject to annual impairment testing.
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Impairment charges consist of write downs to the carrying value of intangible assets and goodwill arising from various business combinations to their implied fair value.
Restructuring costs generally include termination costs for employees associated with a formal restructuring plan and the cost of facilities or other unusable assets abandoned or sold.
Other acquisition costs primarily consist of incentive payments for employee retention included in certain of the purchase agreements of companies we acquired and costs incurred in connection with transactions that were not completed.
Other income and expenses generally consist of bank fees, gains or losses as a result of the periodic sale of assets and other-than-temporary decline in the value of investments.
Recent and Pending Acquisitions
| Acquisition of Honeywell VCSEL Optical Products Business |
On March 1, 2004, we completed the acquisition of Honeywell International Inc.’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit for a purchase price and transaction expense totaling approximately $80.9 million in cash and $1.2 million in our common stock. The acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The results of operations of this business unit, which we now refer to as our Advanced Optical Components Division, are included in our consolidated financial statements beginning on March 1, 2004.
| Pending Acquisition of Infineon Fiber Optics Business |
On April 29, 2004, we entered into an agreement with Infineon Technologies AG to acquire Infineon’s fiber optics business unit, based in Berlin, Germany, for approximately 135,000,000 shares of Finisar Common Stock. The transaction involves the acquisition of facilities, product lines, equipment and intellectual property, including approximately 450 patent families, as well as approximately 1,200 employees. The shares of Finisar Common Stock to be issued to Infineon in connection with the acquisition were valued at approximately $244.5 million on the date of the agreement and would represent approximately 38% of the outstanding shares of Finisar Common Stock on a post-transaction basis. The transaction is expected to be completed in the third calendar quarter of 2004, and is subject to approval by the stockholders of Finisar as well as customary regulatory approvals.
If the acquisition is consummated, it will be accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the results of operations of the Infineon fiber optics business unit (beginning with the closing date of the acquisition) and the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed will be included in our consolidated financial statements beginning with the quarter in which the closing takes place.
The Infineon fiber optics business unit had net sales of approximately $66.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2004 and approximately $116.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2003, and net losses of approximately $34.0 million and $75.5 million in the same periods. If the acquisition is consummated, our future results of operations will be substantially influenced by the operations of the new business unit. The operating results of the combined company will be affected by our success in achieving our strategic objectives and realizing potential operating benefits, including cost savings. We will face a number of significant challenges in integrating the technologies, operations and personnel of the two companies in a timely and efficient manner and our failure to do so effectively could have a material adverse effect on the business and operating results of the combined company. For additional information regarding the pending acquisition, see “Item 1. Business — Recent Developments” and “— Factors That Could Affect our Future Performance.”
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures require that we make estimates, assumptions and judgments that can have a significant impact on our net revenue and operating results, as well as on the value of certain assets, contingent assets and liabilities on our balance sheet. We believe that the
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| Revenue Recognition, Warranty and Sales Returns |
Our revenue recognition policy follows SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, “Revision of Topic 13 — Revenue Recognition.” Specifically, we recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, generally upon shipment, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. For those arrangements with multiple elements, or in related arrangements with the same customer, we invoice and charge for each separate element based on the list price for each element.
At the time revenue is recognized, we establish an accrual for estimated warranty expenses associated with our sales, recorded as a component of cost of revenues. Our standard warranty period extends 12 months from the date of sale and our warranty accrual represents our best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle future and existing claims on products sold as of the balance sheet date. While we believe that our warranty accrual is adequate and that the judgment applied is appropriate, such amounts estimated to be due and payable could differ materially from what actually transpire in the future. If our actual warranty costs are greater than the accrual, costs of revenue will increase in the future. We also provide an allowance for estimated customer returns, which is netted against revenue. This provision is based on our historical returns, analysis of credit memo data and our return policies. If the historical data used by us to calculate the estimated sales returns does not properly reflect future returns, revenue could be overstated.
| Allowance for Doubtful Accounts |
We evaluate the collectability of our accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where, subsequent to delivery, we become aware of a customer’s potential inability to meet its obligations, we record a specific allowance for the doubtful account to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount we reasonably believe will be collected. For all other customers, we recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts based on the length of time the receivables are past due. A material adverse change in a major customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations to us could result in a material reduction in the estimated amount of accounts receivable that can ultimately be collected and an increase in our general and administrative expenses for the shortfall.
| Slow Moving and Obsolete Inventories |
We make inventory commitment and purchase decisions based upon sales forecasts. To mitigate the component supply constraints that have existed in the past and to fill orders with non-standard configurations, we build inventory levels for certain items with long lead times and enter into certain longer-term commitments for certain items. We permanently write off 100% of the cost of inventory that we specifically identify and consider obsolete or excessive to fulfill future sales estimates. We define obsolete inventory as inventory that will no longer be used in the manufacturing process. We periodically discard obsolete inventory. Excess inventory is generally defined as inventory in excess of projected usage, and is determined using our best estimate of future demand at the time, based upon information then available to us. In making these assessments, we are required to make judgments as to the future demand for current or committed inventory levels. We use a 12-month demand forecast and, in addition to the demand forecast, we also consider:
| • | parts and subassemblies that can be used in alternative finished products; | |
| • | parts and subassemblies that are unlikely to be engineered out of our products; and | |
| • | known design changes which would reduce our ability to use the inventory as planned. |
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Significant differences between our estimates and judgments regarding future timing of product transitions, volume and mix of customer demand for our products and actual timing, volume and demand mix may result in additional write-offs in the future, or additional usage of previously written-off inventory in future periods for which we would benefit by a reduced cost of revenues in those future periods.
| Investment in Equity Securities |
For strategic reasons, we may make minority investments in private or public companies or extend loans or receive equity or debt from these companies for services rendered or assets sold. Our minority investments in private companies are primarily motivated by our desire to gain early access to new technology. Our investments in these companies are passive in nature in that we generally do not obtain representation on the boards of directors. Our investments have generally been part of a larger financing in which the terms were negotiated by other investors, typically venture capital investors. These investments are generally made in exchange for preferred stock with a liquidation preference that helps protect the underlying value of our investment. At the time we made our investments, in most cases the companies had not completed development of their products and we did not enter into any significant supply agreements with the companies in which we invested. In determining if and when a decline in the market value of these investments below their carrying value is other-than-temporary, we evaluate the market conditions, offering prices, trends of earnings and cash flows, price multiples, prospects for liquidity and other key measures of performance. The Company’s policy is to recognize an impairment in the value of its minority equity investments when clear evidence of an impairment exists, such as (a) the completion of a new equity financing that may indicate a new value for the investment, (b) the failure to complete a new equity financing arrangement after seeking to raise additional funds or (c) the commencement of proceedings under which the assets of the business may be placed in receivership or liquidated to satisfy the claims of debt and equity stakeholders. As of April 30, 2004, the carrying value of these investments totaled $24.2 million. Future adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results at any of the companies in which we hold a minority position could result in losses or an inability to recover the carrying value of these investments.
| Restructuring Accrual |
During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2003, we initiated actions to reduce our cost structure due to sustained negative economic conditions that had impacted our operations and resulted in lower than anticipated revenues. In May and October 2002, we reduced its workforce in the United States. The restructuring actions in fiscal 2003 resulted in a reduction in the U.S. workforce of approximately 255 employees, or 36% of the our U.S. workforce measured as of the beginning of fiscal 2003, and affected all areas of our U.S. operations. During fiscal 2003, we sold certain assets and transferred certain liabilities of our subsidiary, Sensors Unlimited, Inc, closed our Hayward facility, and began the process of closing the facilities occupied by our subsidiary, Demeter Technologies, Inc. As facilities in the United States were consolidated, related leasehold improvement and equipment were written off. As a result of these restructuring activities, we incurred a charge of $9.4 million in fiscal 2003. The restructuring charge included approximately $5.4 million for the write-off of leasehold improvements and equipment in the vacated buildings, approximately $1.8 million of severance-related charges, approximately $1.5 million of excess committed facilities payments and approximately $700,000 of miscellaneous costs required to effect the closures.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2004, we completed the closure of our subsidiary, Demeter Technologies, Inc.. In addition, we began closing our German operations and a reducing the German workforce of approximately 10 employees engaged in research and development in the optical subsystems and components reporting segment. As a result of these restructuring activities, a charge of $2.2 million was incurred in the first quarter. The restructuring charge included $800,000 of severance-related charges, approximately $600,000 of fees associated with the early termination of our facilities lease in Germany, approximately $450,000 for remaining payments for excess leased equipment and approximately $300,000 of miscellaneous costs incurred to effect the closures.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, we completed the closure of our German facility. The intellectual property, technical know-how and certain assets related to our German operations were
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During the third quarter of fiscal 2004, we realized a benefit of $1.2 million related to restructuring expenses due to lower than anticipated fees and the consequent reversal of an associated accrual from the termination of a purchasing agreement related to the closure of our subsidiary, Demeter Technologies, Inc.
The facilities consolidation charges were calculated using estimates and were based upon the remaining future lease commitments for vacated facilities from the date of facility consolidation, net of estimated future sublease income. The estimated costs of vacating these leased facilities were based on market information and trend analyses, including information obtained from third party real estate sources. We have engaged brokers to locate tenants to sublease the Hayward facility. As of April 30, 2004, $915,000 of committed facilities payments, net of anticipated sublease income, remains accrued and is expected to be fully utilized by fiscal 2006.
| Goodwill, Purchased Intangibles and Other Long-Lived Assets |
Our long-lived assets include significant investments in goodwill and other intangible assets totaling $579.0 million as of April 30, 2002. Under accounting standards in effect through April 30, 2002, we were required to make judgments about the recoverability of these assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicated that the carrying value of these assets may be impaired or not recoverable. In order to make such judgments, we were required to make assumptions about the value of these assets in the future including future prospects for earnings and cash flows of the businesses underlying these investments. While we determined that no impairment was recorded or necessary during fiscal 2001 and 2002 under then applicable accounting standards, the judgments and assumptions we made about the future were complex, subjective and can be affected by a variety of factors including industry and economic trends, our market position and the competitive environment of the businesses in which we operate.
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS 141 “Business Combinations” and SFAS 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. SFAS 141 requires business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 to be accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. SFAS 141 also included guidance on the initial recognition and measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets arising from business combinations completed after June 30, 2001. SFAS 142 prohibits the amortization of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. SFAS 142 requires that these assets be reviewed for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with finite lives will continue to be amortized over their estimated useful lives.
We applied SFAS 142 beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2003. Application of the non-amortization provisions of SFAS 142 significantly reduced amortization expense, which included $123.7 million and $51.5 million of goodwill amortization for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. We reclassified assembled workforce and customer base of $6.1 million to goodwill as required by SFAS 142 at the date of adoption. SFAS 142 also requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at adoption and at least annually thereafter, utilizing a two-step methodology. The initial step requires us to determine the fair value of each reporting unit and compare it to the carrying value, including goodwill, of such unit. We believe we operate two reporting units, optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value, no impairment loss would be recognized. However, if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of the unit may be impaired. The amount, if any, of the impairment would then be measured in the second step.
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In July 2002, we performed the required impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. As a result of that testing, we incurred a transitional impairment charge of $460.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2003, representing substantially all of our goodwill attributable to our optical subsystems and components reporting unit as of April 30, 2002. The resulting impairment charge was reflected as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles in the first quarter of fiscal 2003. The largest portion of the transitional impairment charge arose from the acquisition of a number of companies designed to strengthen our capabilities within our optical subsystems and components business. The goodwill resulted from our acquisition of these companies when valuations were generally much higher than current levels. However, we made such acquisitions principally in exchange for shares of our common stock which were also more highly valued at the time the acquisitions were made. As a result, none of the transactions associated with the creation of a significant amount of goodwill resulted from a corresponding outlay of our cash. Had these transactions taken place when valuations were lower, and at the same share exchange ratios, the goodwill amounts would have been considerably smaller.
During the fourth quarters of fiscal 2003 and 2004, we performed the required annual impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and determined that no impairment charge was required. At April 30, 2004 our investment in goodwill and intangible assets was $60.6 and $48.0 million, respectively.
We are contingently obligated to release additional deferred consideration currently held in escrow related to the acquisition of Transwave Fiber, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Should such consideration become payable, any resulting goodwill will become subject to impairment testing at the time the goodwill is recorded.
We are required to make judgments about the recoverability of our long-lived assets, other than goodwill, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may be impaired or not recoverable. In order to make such judgments, we are required to make assumptions about the value of these assets in the future including future prospects for earnings and cash flows. If impairment is indicated, we write those assets down to their fair value which is generally determined based on discounted cash flows. Judgments and assumptions about the future are complex, subjective and can be affected by a variety of factors including industry and economic trends, our market position and the competitive environment of the businesses in which we operate.
During fiscal 2003, we discontinued a product line at our Demeter Technologies subsidiary that was not making a significant contribution to our operating results and was no longer considered a key part of our product strategy. The discontinued product line had been included in the optical subsystems and components segment. Certain assets of Demeter Technologies were sold to an unaffiliated party in conjunction with the product line discontinuation. As a result of the discontinuation of the product line, we determined that we would no longer utilize certain intangible assets obtained in the Demeter Technologies acquisition that were associated with that product line. We wrote off those intangible assets, with a net book value of $10.1 million and, the resulting charge was reported as an impairment of goodwill and intangible assets in fiscal 2003.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain statement of operations data as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | 86.2 | % | 82.2 | % | 76.3 | % | ||||||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | 13.8 | 17.8 | 23.7 | |||||||||||
| Total revenues | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenues | 77.4 | 78.4 | 92.8 | |||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | 10.3 | 13.2 | 18.4 | |||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) | 12.3 | 8.4 | (11.2 | ) | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 33.5 | 36.2 | 36.9 | |||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 10.8 | 12.2 | 14.6 | |||||||||||
| General and administrative | 9.0 | 9.1 | 13.2 | |||||||||||
| Amortization of (benefit from) deferred stock compensation | 0.1 | (1.0 | ) | 8.1 | ||||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development | 3.3 | — | 1.8 | |||||||||||
| Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles | 0.3 | 0.5 | 87.7 | |||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangibles assets | — | 6.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Restructuring costs | 0.2 | 5.6 | — | |||||||||||
| Other acquisition costs | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.1 | |||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 57.3 | 69.0 | 164.4 | |||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (45.0 | ) | (60.6 | ) | (175.6 | ) | ||||||||
| Interest income (expense), net | (13.8 | ) | (4.0 | ) | 0.0 | |||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (2.3 | ) | (30.9 | ) | 0.9 | |||||||||
| Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of an accounting change | (61.1 | ) | (95.5 | ) | (174.7 | ) | ||||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 0.2 | 0.1 | (26.2 | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss before cumulative effect of an accounting change | (61.3 | ) | (95.6 | ) | (148.5 | ) | ||||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change | (276.7 | ) | — | |||||||||||
| Net loss | (61.3 | )% | (372.3 | )% | (148.5 | )% | ||||||||
Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended April 30, 2004 and 2003
Revenues. Revenues increased $19.1 million, or 11.5%, to $185.6 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $166.5 million in fiscal 2003. This increase reflected a $23.2 million, or 16.9%, increase in sales of optical subsystems and components, to $160.0 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $136.8 million in fiscal 2003, partially offset by a $4.0 million, or 13.6%, decrease in sales of network test and monitoring systems, to $25.6 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $29.6 million in fiscal 2003. Sales of optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems represented 86.2% and 13.8%, respectively, of total revenues in fiscal 2004, compared to 82.2% and 17.8%, respectively, in fiscal 2003. The increase in revenues from the sale of optical subsystems and components in fiscal 2004 was primarily the result of an increase in volume of units sold to new and existing customers, as well as contributions of $6.7 million from sales by our Advanced Optical Components division, the former Honeywell VCSEL Optical Products business unit, that we acquired on March 2, 2004 from Honeywell International Inc., partially offset by a decrease in average selling prices. The decrease in revenues from the sale of network test and monitoring systems was due to
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Sales to Cisco Systems represented 22.2%, or $41.3 million, and 10.4%, or $17.2 million, of our total revenues during fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003, respectively.
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased $8.8 million, or 62.8%, to $22.8 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $14.0 million in fiscal 2003. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue was 12.3% in 2004 compared to 8.4% in 2003. The increase in gross profit was primarily the result of a decline in our charge for excess and obsolete inventory, which was $22.3 million in 2004 compared to $24.3 million in 2003, which was offset by sales of previously written off inventory, with associated costs of zero, of $17.9 million in fiscal 2004 and $15.1 million in fiscal 2003. Gross profit also improved due to reductions in material costs, and an increase in unit sales which spread our fixed overhead costs over a higher production volume. Additionally, amortization of acquired developed technology, a component of cost of revenues, decreased $2.7 million, or 12.5% in 2004 to $19.2 million compared to $22.0 million in 2003 as a result of a $10.1 million impairment charge for acquired developed technology that was recorded in 2003 related to a discontinued product line at our Demeter subsidiary.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses increased $1.9 million, or 3.1%, to $62.2 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $60.3 million in fiscal 2003. The increase was primarily due to the full-year effect of the operations of our Genoa Corporation subsidiary, acquired on April 3, 2003, offset by a 10% decline in personnel. Research and development expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 33.5% in fiscal 2004 compared to 36.2% in fiscal 2003 as a result of increased revenues.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $169,000, or 0.8%, to $20.1 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $20.2 million in fiscal 2003. Sales and marketing expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 10.8% in fiscal 2004 compared to 12.2% in fiscal 2003.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $1.5 million, or 9.9%, to $16.7 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $15.2 million in fiscal 2003. The increase was primarily due to a $996,000 increase in bad debt expense and a $529,000 increase in legal expenses compared to those in fiscal 2003 as a result of increased efforts to obtain patents for and license our technology. The increase in bad debt expense was primarily due to the application of our existing reserve policy, which we periodically evaluate based on our actual experience, against a larger accounts receivable balance at the end of fiscal 2004. General and administrative expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 9.0% in fiscal 2004 compared to 9.1% in fiscal 2003.
Amortization of (Benefit from) Deferred Stock Compensation. Amortization of deferred stock compensation costs decreased by $1.6 million, or 93.9%, to a credit of $105,000 in fiscal 2004 compared to a credit of $1.7 million in fiscal 2003. This decrease was related to the termination of employees with deferred compensation associated with their stock options and the effects of the graded vested method of amortization which accelerates the amortization of deferred compensation.
Acquired In-process Research and Development. In-process research and development, or IPR&D, expenses of $6.2 million recorded in fiscal 2004 related to the acquisition of the VCSEL Optical Products business unit from Honeywell in March 2004. There was no IPR&D expense in fiscal 2003 related to the acquisition of Genoa.
Amortization of Goodwill and Other Purchased Intangibles. Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles decreased $186,000 or 24.5%, to $572,000 in fiscal 2004 compared to $758,000 in fiscal 2003.
Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets. No impairment of goodwill or intangible assets was recorded during fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2003, we discontinued a product line at our Demeter subsidiary resulting in an impairment of acquired developed technology totaling $10.1 million and a goodwill impairment of $485,000 related to our Transwave acquisition.
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Restructuring Costs. Restructuring costs decreased $9.0 million, or 95.9%, to $382,000 in fiscal 2004 compared to $9.4 million in fiscal 2003. During fiscal 2003, we recorded charges of $1.2 million for severance costs associated with a reduction in our U.S.-based workforce, $3.1 million to consolidate our facilities and operations located in Hayward, California into our facilities in Sunnyvale, California, and $5.2 million to close our El Monte, California, facilities. These restructuring activities were completed during fiscal 2004.
Other Acquisition Costs. Other acquisition costs increased $24,000, or 12.1%, to $222,000 in fiscal 2004 compared to $198,000 in fiscal 2003.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $1.5 million, or 31.9%, to $3.2 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $4.7 million in fiscal 2003. The decrease in interest income was primarily the result of decreasing investment balances during fiscal 2004.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $17.5 million, or 153.5%, to $28.9 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $11.4 million in fiscal 2003. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to the conversion and repurchase of $24.8 million in principal amount of convertible notes due 2008. In connection with the conversion, we recorded non-cash interest expense of $10.8 million representing the fair value of the incremental shares issued to induce the exchange and $5.8 million representing the remaining unamortized discount for the beneficial conversion feature. Additionally, we issued an additional $150 million of convertible debt in October 2003. Of the total interest expense, $10.2 million and $4.8 million was related to the amortization of the beneficial conversion feature of these notes in fiscal 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net, decreased $47.0 million, or 91.6%, to an expense of $4.3 million in fiscal 2004 compared to an expense of $51.3 million in fiscal 2003. In fiscal 2003, we incurred costs of $36.8 million associated with the sale of assets of our Sensors Unlimited subsidiary, which was primarily due to the write off of certain intangible assets associated with the original acquisition of Sensors Unlimited for which we had no plans to utilize and had abandoned, as well as the payment of contingent consideration related to the original acquisition of Sensors Unlimited. In fiscal 2003, we also recorded an impairment charge of $12.0 million on our minority equity investments in two companies. During fiscal 2003, these two companies raised additional funds in financings in which we declined to participate. As a result of the financings, our investments in the two companies was diluted to an immaterial interest and we determined that an impairment event had occurred and wrote off these investments in full.
Provision for Income Taxes. We recorded an income tax provision of $334,000 in fiscal 2004 compared to $229,000 in fiscal 2003. The tax provision consists of state and foreign taxes. Due to the uncertainty regarding the timing and extent of our future profitability, we have recorded a valuation allowance to offset potential income tax benefits associated with our operating losses., As a result, we had no income tax benefit in fiscal 2004 or 2003. Based on a number of factors, we believe there is substantial uncertainty regarding the valuation of our deferred tax assets. These factors include our past operating results, the competitive nature of our market and the unpredictability of future operating results. Accordingly, the net deferred tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. In part, the valuation allowance at April 30, 2004 reduced net deferred tax assets by amounts related to stock option deductions that are not currently realizable. A portion of the valuation allowance will be credited to paid-in capital, if any, when it is realized. The remaining portion of the valuation allowance, when realized, will first reduce unamortized goodwill, then other non-current intangible assets of acquired subsidiaries and then income tax expense. There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets subject to the valuation allowance will be realized.
Comparison of Fiscal Years Ended April 30, 2003 and 2002
Revenues. Revenues increased $19.2 million, or 13.0%, to $166.5 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $147.3 million in fiscal 2002. This increase reflected a $24.4 million, or 21.7% increase in sales of optical subsystems and components to $136.8 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $112.4 million in fiscal 2002, partially offset by a $5.3 million, or 15.2% decrease in sales of network test and monitoring systems to $29.6 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $34.9 million in fiscal 2002. Sales of optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems represented 82.2% and 17.8%, respectively, of total revenues in fiscal 2003, compared to 76.3% and 23.7%, respectively, in fiscal 2002. The increase in revenues
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Sales to customers representing at least 10% of total revenues during fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2002 were as follows:
| Fiscal Years Ended | Fiscal Years Ended | |||||||||||||||
| April 30, | April 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||
| ($ millions) | (Percent of revenue) | |||||||||||||||
| Cisco Systems | $ | 17.2 | $ | * | 10.4 | % | * | |||||||||
| EMC | $ | * | $ | 17.5 | * | 11.9 | % | |||||||||
| Emulex | $ | * | $ | 16.8 | * | 11.4 | % | |||||||||
| * | Less than 10% |
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased $30.5 million to $14.0 million in fiscal 2003 compared to a loss of $16.5 million in fiscal 2002. Gross profit reflected a charge to cost of revenues for obsolete and excess inventory of $24.3 million (14.6% of revenues) in fiscal 2003 compared to a charge of $29.2 million (19.8% of revenues) in fiscal 2002. These charges occurred because, based on projected revenue trends during these periods, we acquired inventories and entered into purchase commitments in order to meet anticipated increases in demand for our products which did not materialize. These charges were partially offset in both years by the use of inventory that had been written off in prior periods totaling $15.1 million (9.1% of revenue) in fiscal 2003 compared to $2.7 million (1.8% of revenue) in fiscal 2002. Additionally, gross profit included charges of $22.0 million (13.2% of revenues) in fiscal 2003 compared to $27.1 million (18.4% of revenues) in fiscal 2002 for amortization of acquired developed technology related to four acquisitions completed during fiscal 2001, one acquisition completed in fiscal 2002, and two acquisitions completed in fiscal 2003. The remaining 1.9%, or $8.1 million, increase in gross profit was the result of the net incremental profit margin on higher revenues.
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses increased $5.9 million, or 10.9%, to $60.3 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $54.4 million in fiscal 2002. Of this increase, $2.8 million was due to the full-year effect of the operations of our German subsidiary, while $2.7 million was due to accelerated depreciation on equipment that was expected to be abandoned as a result of the planned closure in fiscal 2004 of the facilities occupied by our Demeter subsidiary. Research and development expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 36.2% in fiscal 2003 compared to 36.9% in fiscal 2002.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $1.2 million, or 5.7%, to $20.2 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $21.4 million in fiscal 2002. Most of this decrease was due to general cost containment measures in effect for fiscal 2003. Sales and marketing expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 12.2% in fiscal 2003 compared to 14.6% in fiscal 2002.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased $4.2 million, or 21.7%, to $15.2 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $19.4 million in fiscal 2002. Most of this decrease was due to a reduction of $3.3 million in legal expenses compared to those incurred in fiscal 2002 as a result of the settlement of patent litigation during fiscal 2002, and lower bad debt expenses of $2.4 million in fiscal 2003, partially offset by increased insurance premiums of $900,000 and amortization of patents of $300,000. General and administrative expenses as a percent of revenues decreased to 9.1% in fiscal 2003 compared to 13.2% in fiscal 2002.
Amortization of (Benefit from) Deferred Stock Compensation. Amortization of deferred stock compensation costs decreased by $13.7 million, or 114.2%, to a credit of $1.7 million in fiscal 2003 compared to a charge of $12.0 million in fiscal 2002. This decrease was related to the termination of employees with deferred
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Acquired In-process Research and Development. In-process research and development, or IPR&D, expenses of $2.7 million during fiscal 2002 related to the acquisition of Transwave during the year. There was no IPR&D expense in fiscal 2003 related to the acquisition of Genoa.
Amortization of Goodwill and Other Purchased Intangibles. Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles decreased to $758,000 in fiscal 2003 compared to $129.1 million in fiscal 2002 primarily as a result of our adoption of SFAS 142 effective May 1, 2002, after which date we ceased amortization of goodwill. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are no longer amortized but subject to annual impairment tests. As of the same date we reclassified acquired workforce and acquired customer base to goodwill. Amortization of goodwill, acquired workforce, and acquired customer base totaled $127.8 million in fiscal 2002. We amortized acquired other purchased intangibles in the amount of $758,000 and $1.3 million in fiscal 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets. On May 3, 2002, we recorded additional goodwill in the optical subsystems and components reporting unit of $485,000 as a result of the issuance of contingent merger consideration upon the achievement of certain milestones specified in the Transwave acquisition agreement. We recorded an impairment loss of $485,000 in the three months ended July 31, 2002 for this additional consideration since our transitional impairment charge, recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2003 indicated it could not be supported. In November 2002, we discontinued a product line at our Demeter subsidiary resulting in an impairment of acquired developed technology totaling $10.1 million. There were no impairments during fiscal 2002.
Restructuring Costs. During the quarter ended October 31, 2002, we recorded $1.2 million for severance costs associated with a reduction in our U.S.-based workforce. During the quarter ended January 31, 2003, we began the process of consolidating our facilities and operations located in Hayward, California into our facilities in Sunnyvale, California, in order to reduce future operating expenses. The estimated total cost of this consolidation is $3.1 million, primarily composed of future lease obligations and the write off of $1.4 million for leasehold improvements at the Hayward facility. In the quarter ended April 30, 2003, we initiated implementation of a plan to close our El Monte, California, facilities which was completed in fiscal 2004. As part of this plan, we transferred manufacturing operations conducted there to our Fremont, California facility that we acquired in the Genoa acquisition. In the quarter ended April 30, 2003, the cost of this consolidation was $5.2 million, comprised of a $4.0 million write-down of fixed assets, $700,000 for severance costs, and building clean up and other costs of $500,000.
Other Acquisition Costs. Other acquisition costs decreased $2.9 million, or 93.7%, to $198,000 in fiscal 2003 compared to $3.1 million in fiscal 2002. In fiscal 2003 these costs primarily reflected the annual retention bonus paid in connection with one completed acquisition. The higher costs in fiscal 2002 were a result of write-offs related to two potential acquisitions that did not proceed and the full year impact of the payment of annual retention bonuses related to certain of the completed acquisitions.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $1.4 million, or 23.0%, to $4.7 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $6.1 million in fiscal 2002. The decrease in interest income was the result of increased cash usage and, to a lesser extent, lower interest rates.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $5.2 million, or 83.8%, to $11.4 million in fiscal 2003 compared to $6.2 million in fiscal 2002. The increase in interest expense was due to the full year effect in fiscal 2003 of the issuance of $125 million of convertible debt in October 2001 and amortization of the discount of $38.3 million that was recorded related to the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature on this debt. Of the total interest expense, $4.8 million and $2.5 million was related to the amortization of the beneficial conversion feature of those notes in fiscal 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net, decreased to an expense of $51.3 million in fiscal 2003 from income of $1.4 million in fiscal 2002. In fiscal 2003, we incurred costs of $36.8 million associated with the sale of assets of our Sensors Unlimited subsidiary and also recorded an impairment charge
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Provision for Income Taxes. We recorded an income tax provision of $229,000 for fiscal 2003 compared to an income tax benefit of $38.6 million for fiscal 2002. The fiscal 2003 tax provision consists of state and foreign taxes. We are not booking any tax benefit for fiscal 2003 losses. The tax benefit in fiscal 2002 primarily reflected that year’s net operating loss that was either available to be carried back to claim previously paid taxes or to offset deferred tax liabilities.
Based on a number of factors, we believe there is substantial uncertainty regarding the valuation of our deferred tax assets. These factors include our past operating results, the competitive nature of our market and the unpredictability of future operating results. Accordingly, the net deferred tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. In part, the valuation allowance at April 30, 2003 reduced net deferred tax assets by amounts related to stock option deductions that are not currently realizable. A portion of the valuation allowance will be credited to paid-in capital, if any, when it is realized. The remaining portion of the valuation allowance, when realized, will first reduce unamortized goodwill, then other non-current intangible assets of acquired subsidiaries and then income tax expense. There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets subject to the valuation allowance will be realized.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At April 30, 2004, cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $143.4 million compared to $119.4 million at April 30, 2003. Restricted securities, used to secure future interest payments on our convertible debt were $15.2 million at April 30, 2004 compared to $10.0 million at April 30, 2003. At April 30, 2004, total short and long term debt was $233.7 million, compared to $99.6 million at April 30, 2003.
Net cash used by operating activities totaled $32.8 million in fiscal 2004, compared to $18.9 million in fiscal 2003 and $39.1 million in fiscal 2002. The use of cash in operating activities in fiscal 2004 was primarily a result of operating losses adjusted for non-cash related items. Working capital uses of cash primarily included cash inflows of $537,000 from accounts receivables attributable to accelerated collections, and $5.5 million from a draw-down of existing inventories, offset by cash outflows from other assets of $7.5 million, principally attributable to the timing of payments to and from contract manufacturers, and other accrued liabilities of $5.2 million, which consisted principally of minimum guaranteed royalty payments associated with technology acquired from New Focus.
Net cash used in investing activities totaled $88.3 million in fiscal 2004, compared to $17.6 million in fiscal 2003. The use of cash for investing activities in fiscal 2004 consisted primarily of our purchase of the assets of Honeywell’s VCSEL Optical Products business unit and purchases of equipment to support increased production volume in our Malaysian manufacturing facility. The use of cash for investing activities in fiscal 2003 primarily consisted of purchases of plant, property and equipment totaling $18.8 million, offset in part by $5.6 million of proceeds from the sale of product lines. The use of cash for investing activities in fiscal 2002 primarily included $60.9 million for the purchase of equipment and leasehold improvements principally related to the start up of our manufacturing facility in Malaysia and our leased facility in Hayward, California, as well as upgrades to equipment and data systems at all of our facilities.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $150.0 million in fiscal 2004 compared to $1.5 million in fiscal 2003 and $124.6 million in fiscal 2002. Cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 2004 primarily represented the net proceeds of $145.1 million from issuance of convertible debt, and proceeds of $6.1 million from the exercise of employee stock options, offset by repayments of $1.9 million on our convertible notes. Cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 2003 was primarily due to proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options. Cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 2002 was primarily due to net proceeds of $120.9 million from issuance of convertible debt and proceeds of $5.0 million from the exercise of employee stock options, offset by loan repayments of $1.6 million.
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We believe that our existing balances of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, together with the cash expected to be generated from our future operations, will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We may however require additional financing to fund our operations in the future. The significant contraction in the capital markets, particularly in the technology sector, may make it difficult for us to raise additional capital if and when it is required, especially if we experience disappointing operating results. If adequate capital is not available to us as required, or is not available on favorable terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
Future minimum payments under long-term debt and operating leases are as follows as of April 30, 2004 (in thousands):
| Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than | After | |||||||||||||||||||
| Contractual Obligations | Total | 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | 5 Years | |||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | $ | 254,444 | $ | 2,000 | $ | 2,194 | $ | — | $ | 250,250 | ||||||||||
| Operating leases | 10,893 | 4,730 | 5,906 | 257 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Total contractual cash obligations | $ | 265,337 | $ | 6,730 | $ | 8,100 | $ | 257 | $ | 250,250 | ||||||||||
Long-term debt consists primarily of convertible notes of $100.25 million due October 15, 2008, and $150 million due October 15, 2010 redeemable by us, in whole or in part, at any time after October 15, 2004. Long-term debt also includes a minimum commitment with respect to royalty payments of $4.0 million related to our acquisition of New Focus (see Note 3).
Operating leases consist of base rents for facilities we occupy at various locations.
The following table summarizes our commercial commitments as of April 30, 2004 (in thousands):
| Amount of Commitment Expiration per Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Amount | Less than | After | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial Commitments | Committed | 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | 5 Years | |||||||||||||||
| Standby repurchase obligations | $ | 7,038 | $ | 7,038 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Standby repurchase obligations consist of materials purchased and held by subcontractors on our behalf to fulfill the subcontractors’ purchase order obligations at their facilities. Total commercial commitments of $7.0 million has been expensed and recorded on the balance sheet as non-cancelable purchase obligations.
Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
At April 30, 2004 and 2003, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which are typically established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Effect of New Accounting Standards
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 46,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. FIN No. 46 requires that if a business enterprise has a controlling interest in a variable interest entity (also known as a special purpose entity), the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the variable interest entity should be included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the business enterprise. FIN No. 46 applies immediately to variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date. It applies in the first fiscal year or interim period ending after March 15, 2004, to variable interest entities
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In November 2002, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 00-21Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. EITF 00-21 establishes criteria for whether revenue on a deliverable can be recognized separately from other deliverables in a multiple deliverable arrangement. The criteria consider whether the delivered item has stand-alone value to the customer, whether the fair value of the delivered item can be reliably determined and the rights of return for the delivered item. EITF 00-21 is effective for revenue agreements entered into in fiscal quarters beginning after June 15, 2003 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,which amends SFAS 133 for certain decisions made by the FASB Derivatives Implementation Group. In particular, SFAS 149: (1) clarifies under what circumstances a contract with an initial net investment meets the characteristic of a derivative, (2) clarifies when a derivative contains a financing component, (3) amends the definition of an underlying to conform it to language used in FASB Interpretation No. 45Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others,and (4) amends certain other existing pronouncements. This Statement is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003. In addition, most provisions of SFAS 149 are to be applied prospectively. The adoption of SFAS 149 did not have an impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS 150 changes the accounting for certain financial instruments that under previous guidance issuers could account for as equity. It requires that those instruments be classified as liabilities in balance sheets. The guidance in SFAS 150 is generally effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective on July 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS 150 did not have an impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In December 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104),Revenue Recognition. SAB 104 supercedes SAB 101,Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. The primary purpose of SAB 104 is to rescind accounting guidance contained in SAB 101 related to multiple element revenue arrangements, superceded as a result of the issuance of EITF 00-21. Additionally, SAB 104 rescinds the SEC’s Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers (the FAQ) issued with SAB 101 that had been codified in SEC Topic 13, Revenue Recognition. Selected portions of the FAQ have been incorporated into SAB 104. While the wording of SAB 104 has changed to reflect the issuance of EITF 00-21, the revenue recognition principles of SAB 101 remain largely unchanged by the issuance of SAB 104. The issuance of SAB 104 did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
| Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. We place our investments with high credit issuers in short-term securities with maturities ranging from overnight up to 36 months or have characteristics of such short-term investments. The average maturity of the portfolio will not exceed 18 months. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to ensure portfolio liquidity. We have no investments denominated in foreign country currencies and therefore our investments are not subject to foreign exchange risk.
We invest in equity instruments of privately held companies for business and strategic purposes. These investments are included in other long-term assets and are accounted for under the cost method when our ownership interest is less than 20% and we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence. For entities in which we hold greater than a 20% ownership interest, or where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, we use the equity method. We recorded losses of $1.3 million in fiscal 2004, $764,000 in fiscal 2003
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The following table summarizes the expected maturity, average interest rate and fair market value of the short-term debt securities held by us and debt securities issued by us as of April 30, 2004 (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2007 and | Market | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2005 | 2006 | Thereafter | Total Cost | Value | ||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Available for sale debt securities | $ | 47,833 | $ | 15,780 | $ | 9,944 | $ | 73,557 | $ | 73,526 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 4.19 | % | 4.21 | % | 3.98 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Restricted securities | $ | 6,329 | $ | 3,658 | $ | 5,263 | $ | 15,250 | $ | 15,187 | ||||||||||
| 2.03 | % | 1.60 | % | 2.34 | % | |||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 100,250 | $ | 100,250 | $ | 98,746 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | — | — | 5.25 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 150,000 | $ | 150,000 | $ | 131,437 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | — | — | 2.50 | % | ||||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes the expected maturity, average interest rate and fair market value of the short-term debt securities held by us and debt securities issued by us as of April 30, 2003 (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2006 and | Market | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2005 | Thereafter | Total Cost | Value | ||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Available for sale debt securities | $ | 41,422 | $ | 25,838 | $ | 8,007 | $ | 75,267 | $ | 75,827 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 4.22 | % | 5.14 | % | 5.12 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Restricted securities | $ | 6,737 | $ | 3,307 | $ | — | $ | 10,044 | $ | 9,753 | ||||||||||
| 2.71 | % | 3.10 | % | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Loan receivable | $ | 1,683 | $ | 1,683 | $ | 3,366 | $ | 6,732 | $ | 4,426 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | ||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed rate | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 125,000 | $ | 125,000 | $ | 67,813 | ||||||||||
| Average interest rate | — | — | 5.25 | % | ||||||||||||||||
We also have subsidiaries in China, Malaysia, Europe and Singapore. Due to the relative volume of transactions through these subsidiaries, we do not believe that we have significant exposure to foreign currency exchange risks. We currently do not use derivative financial instruments to mitigate this exposure. We continue to review this issue and may consider hedging certain foreign exchange risks through the use of currency forwards or options in future years.
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| Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
FINISAR CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INDEX
| Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 51 | |||
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 52 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations | 53 | |||
| Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity | 54 | |||
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 57 | |||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 59 | |||
| Supplemental Data: Financial Information by Quarter |
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REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP,
The Board of Directors and Stockholders Finisar Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Finisar Corporation as of April 30, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of Finisar Corporation’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Finisar Corporation at April 30, 2004 and 2003, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets in fiscal 2003.
| /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP |
Palo Alto, California
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FINISAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| April 30, | |||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | ||||||||
| (In thousands, except share | |||||||||
| and per share data) | |||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 69,872 | $ | 40,918 | |||||
| Short-term investments | 73,526 | 78,520 | |||||||
| Restricted investments, short-term | 6,329 | 6,737 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,669 and $1,487 at April 30, 2004 and 2003 | 28,481 | 23,390 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable, other | 11,314 | 5,362 | |||||||
| Inventories | 34,717 | 36,470 | |||||||
| Prepaid expenses | 4,736 | 2,341 | |||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 2,045 | 3,324 | |||||||
| Total current assets | 231,020 | 197,062 | |||||||
| Property, plant and improvements, net | 107,736 | 112,125 | |||||||
| Restricted investments, long-term | 8,921 | 3,307 | |||||||
| Purchased intangible assets, net | 47,961 | 52,910 | |||||||
| Goodwill, net | 60,620 | 19,838 | |||||||
| Minority investments | 24,227 | 28,844 | |||||||
| Other assets | 14,220 | 9,520 | |||||||
| Total assets | $ | 494,705 | $ | 423,606 | |||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | 29,460 | 22,872 | |||||||
| Accrued compensation | 4,376 | 4,449 | |||||||
| Non-cancelable purchase obligations | 7,038 | 9,380 | |||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | 14,464 | 8,474 | |||||||
| Income tax payable | 790 | 536 | |||||||
| Current portion of long-term liabilities | 2,000 | 1,384 | |||||||
| Total current liabilities | 58,128 | 47,095 | |||||||
| Long-term liabilities: | |||||||||
| Convertible notes, net of beneficial conversion feature of $20,757 and $30,977 at April 30, 2004 and 2003 | 229,493 | 94,023 | |||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 2,194 | 4,184 | |||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 2,045 | 3,324 | |||||||
| Total long-term liabilities | 233,732 | 101,531 | |||||||
| Commitments and contingent liabilities: | |||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2004 and 2003 | — | — | |||||||
| Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 222,531,335 shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2004 and 207,295,693 shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2003 | 222 | 207 | |||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 1,259,759 | 1,219,424 | |||||||
| Notes receivable from stockholders | (481 | ) | (1,077 | ) | |||||
| Deferred stock compensation | (162 | ) | (1,045 | ) | |||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 710 | 841 | |||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (1,057,203 | ) | (943,370 | ) | |||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 202,845 | 274,980 | |||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 494,705 | $ | 423,606 | |||||
See accompanying notes.
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FINISAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 185,618 | $ | 166,482 | $ | 147,265 | |||||||
| Cost of revenues | 143,585 | 130,501 | 136,626 | ||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | 19,239 | 21,983 | 27,119 | ||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) | 22,794 | 13,998 | (16,480 | ) | |||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||
| Research and development | 62,193 | 60,295 | 54,372 | ||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 20,063 | 20,232 | 21,448 | ||||||||||
| General and administrative | 16,738 | 15,201 | 19,419 | ||||||||||
| Amortization of (benefit from) deferred stock compensation | (105 | ) | (1,719 | ) | 11,963 | ||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development | 6,180 | — | 2,696 | ||||||||||
| Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles | 572 | 758 | 129,099 | ||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | — | 10,586 | — | ||||||||||
| Restructuring costs | 382 | 9,378 | — | ||||||||||
| Other acquisition costs | 222 | 198 | 3,119 | ||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 106,245 | 114,929 | 242,116 | ||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (83,451 | ) | (100,931 | ) | (258,596 | ) | |||||||
| Interest income | 3,171 | 4,689 | 6,127 | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | (28,872 | ) | (11,388 | ) | (6,195 | ) | |||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (4,347 | ) | (51,314 | ) | 1,360 | ||||||||
| Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of an accounting change | (113,499 | ) | (158,944 | ) | (257,304 | ) | |||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 334 | 229 | (38,566 | ) | |||||||||
| Loss before cumulative effect of an accounting change | (113,833 | ) | (159,173 | ) | (218,738 | ) | |||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | — | (460,580 | ) | — | |||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | ||||
| Net loss per share basic and diluted: | |||||||||||||
| Before cumulative effect of an accounting change | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (0.82 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | ||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | $ | — | $ | (2.35 | ) | $ | — | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | ||||
| Shares used in computing net loss per share: | |||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | ||||||||||
| Pro forma amounts assuming the change in accounting principle was applied retroactively (unaudited): | |||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (90,957 | ) | ||||
| Net loss per share, basic and diluted | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (0.50 | ) | ||||
| Shares used in computing pro forma net loss per share: | |||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes.
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FINISAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series A | Notes | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Receivable | Deferred | Comprehensive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid-In | from | Stock | Income | Accumulated | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Stockholders | Compensation | (Loss) | Deficit | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2001 | 1,120,984 | $ | 1 | 179,163,306 | $ | 179 | $ | 1,064,294 | $ | (2,045 | ) | $ | (17,079 | ) | $ | 1,380 | $ | (104,879 | ) | $ | 941,851 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Series A preferred stock and assumption of options upon acquisition of subsidiaries | 580,172 | 1 | — | — | 50,138 | — | — | — | — | 50,139 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred stock compensation from acquisitions | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2,350 | ) | — | — | (2,350 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for completion of milestones on acquisition of subsidiaries | — | — | 7,175,895 | 7 | 52,852 | — | — | — | — | 52,859 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Series A preferred stock issued upon acquisition of subsidiary to Common on a 3-for-1 basis | (1,701,156 | ) | (2 | ) | 5,103,468 | 5 | (3 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of warrants, stock options, net of repurchase of unvested shares | — | — | 731,787 | 1 | 1,021 | — | — | — | — | 1,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock through employee stock purchase plan | — | — | 377,790 | — | 4,018 | — | — | — | — | 4,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of deferred stock compensation due to employee terminations | — | — | — | — | (1,285 | ) | — | 1,285 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11,963 | — | — | 11,963 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments received on stockholder notes receivable | — | — | — | — | — | 557 | — | — | — | 557 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beneficial conversion feature on convertible debt offering | — | — | — | — | 38,270 | — | — | — | — | 38,270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on short-term investments | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (589 | ) | — | (589 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (218,738 | ) | (218,738 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive loss | (219,327 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2002 | — | $ | — | 192,552,246 | $ | 192 | $ | 1,209,305 | $ | (1,488 | ) | $ | (6,181 | ) | $ | 791 | $ | (323,617 | ) | $ | 879,002 | |||||||||||||||||||
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY — (Continued)
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series A | Notes | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Receivable | Deferred | Comprehensive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid-In | from | Stock | Income | Accumulated | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Stockholders | Compensation | (Loss) | Deficit | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2002 | — | $ | — | 192,552,246 | $ | 192 | $ | 1,209,305 | $ | (1,488 | ) | $ | (6,181 | ) | $ | 791 | $ | (323,617 | ) | $ | 879,002 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock and warrants upon acquisition of Genoa | — | — | 6,753,247 | 7 | 6,391 | — | — | — | — | 6,398 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon conversion of note issued on acquisition of certain assets | — | — | 4,027,446 | 4 | 6,746 | — | — | — | — | 6,750 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to options vesting acceleration | — | — | — | — | 233 | — | — | — | — | 233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for completion of milestones related to acquisition of Transwave | — | — | 87,095 | — | 485 | — | — | — | — | 485 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for completion of milestones related to acquisition of Sensors Unlimited | — | — | 3,160,335 | 3 | 1,634 | — | — | — | — | 1,637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of warrants, stock options, net of repurchase of unvested shares | — | — | (175,712 | ) | — | (247 | ) | 237 | — | — | — | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock through employee stock purchase plan | — | — | 891,036 | 1 | 1,732 | — | — | — | — | 1,733 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of deferred stock compensation due to employee terminations | — | — | — | — | (6,855 | ) | — | 6,855 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,719 | ) | — | — | (1,719 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments received on stockholder notes receivable | — | — | — | — | — | 174 | — | — | — | 174 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on short-term investments | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (500 | ) | — | (500 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 550 | — | 550 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (619,753 | ) | (619,753 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive loss | (619,703 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2003 | — | $ | — | 207,295,693 | $ | 207 | $ | 1,219,424 | $ | (1,077 | ) | $ | (1,045 | ) | $ | 841 | $ | (943,370 | ) | $ | 274,980 | |||||||||||||||||||
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY — (Continued)
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series A | Notes | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Receivable | Deferred | Comprehensive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid-In | from | Stock | Income | Accumulated | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Stockholders | Compensation | (Loss) | Deficit | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2003 | — | $ | — | 207,295,693 | $ | 207 | $ | 1,219,424 | $ | (1,077 | ) | $ | (1,045 | ) | $ | 841 | $ | (943,370 | ) | $ | 274,980 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to option modification | — | — | — | — | 93 | — | — | — | — | 93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense Related to non- employee option grants | — | — | — | — | 891 | — | — | — | — | 891 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for completion of milestones related to acquisition of Transwave | — | — | 116,040 | — | 147 | — | — | — | — | 147 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of warrants, stock options, net of repurchase of unvested shares | — | — | 3,396,422 | 3 | 4,712 | — | — | — | — | 4,715 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock through employee stock purchase plan | — | — | 1,251,492 | 1 | 1,424 | — | — | — | — | 1,425 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for conversion of convertible notes | — | — | 9,926,339 | 10 | 32,819 | — | — | — | 32,829 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for fees associated with the purchase of assets | — | — | 545,349 | 1 | 1,237 | — | — | — | 1,238 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of deferred stock compensation due to employee terminations | — | — | — | — | (988 | ) | — | 988 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | (105 | ) | — | — | (105 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments received on stockholder notes receivable | — | — | — | — | — | 596 | — | — | — | 596 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on short-term investments | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (322 | ) | — | (322 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 191 | — | 191 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (113,833 | ) | (113,833 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive loss | (113,964 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2004 | — | $ | — | 222,531,335 | $ | 222 | $ | 1,259,759 | $ | (481 | ) | $ | (162 | ) | $ | 710 | $ | (1,057,203 | ) | $ | 202,845 | |||||||||||||||||||
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FINISAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | |||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 30,516 | 24,013 | 15,499 | |||||||||
| Compensation expense related to modification of existing options | 93 | 233 | — | |||||||||
| Compensation expense related to non-employee option grants | 891 | — | — | |||||||||
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | (105 | ) | (1,719 | ) | 11,963 | |||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development | 6,180 | — | 2,696 | |||||||||
| Amortization of beneficial conversion feature of convertible notes | 10,220 | 4,784 | 2,509 | |||||||||
| Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangibles | 572 | 758 | 129,099 | |||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | 19,239 | 21,983 | 27,119 | |||||||||
| Amortization of discount on restricted securities | (313 | ) | (543 | ) | — | |||||||
| Loss on debt conversion | 10,763 | — | — | |||||||||
| Gain on extinguishment of debt | (86 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
| Loss on retirement of assets | 257 | — | — | |||||||||
| Loss (gain) on sale of product lines | — | 37,372 | (14,627 | ) | ||||||||
| Other-than-temporary decline in fair value of investments | 528 | — | 13,875 | |||||||||
| Share of losses of equity accounted investee | 1,302 | 764 | 309 | |||||||||
| Impairment of minority investments | 1,631 | 12,000 | — | |||||||||
| Non-cash portion of restructuring charges | — | 3,722 | — | |||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | — | 10,586 | — | |||||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | — | 460,580 | — | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 537 | 4,620 | 8,089 | |||||||||
| Inventories | 5,493 | 21,619 | 2,919 | |||||||||
| Other assets | (7,454 | ) | 3,507 | 207 | ||||||||
| Income tax receivable | — | 7,504 | (2,709 | ) | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | — | — | (30,257 | ) | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | 6,042 | (11,044 | ) | 19,413 | ||||||||
| Accrued compensation | (73 | ) | (3,044 | ) | (300 | ) | ||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | (5,159 | ) | 3,133 | (6,201 | ) | |||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (32,759 | ) | (18,925 | ) | (39,135 | ) | ||||||
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| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||
| Purchases of property, equipment and improvements | (13,488 | ) | (18,826 | ) | (60,908 | ) | ||||||
| Purchases of short-term investments | (57,669 | ) | (98,203 | ) | (67,306 | ) | ||||||
| Sale/maturity of short-term investments | 62,442 | 87,391 | 88,530 | |||||||||
| Purchases of restricted securities | (14,411 | ) | — | (18,855 | ) | |||||||
| Maturity of restricted securities | 8,437 | 6,562 | 3,282 | |||||||||
| Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash assumed | — | 23 | (1,539 | ) | ||||||||
| Acquisition of product line assets | (75,270 | ) | (243 | ) | — | |||||||
| Proceeds from sale of product line | — | 5,560 | 18,750 | |||||||||
| Purchases of, and loan to, minority investments, net of loan repayments | 1,684 | 153 | (13,630 | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (88,275 | ) | (17,583 | ) | (51,676 | ) | ||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||
| Payments on capital lease obligations | — | (361 | ) | (458 | ) | |||||||
| Short-term borrowings | — | — | 161 | |||||||||
| Repayments of borrowings under bank note | — | — | (1,628 | ) | ||||||||
| Repayments of borrowings under convertible notes | (1,860 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
| Payment received on stockholder notes receivable | 596 | 174 | 557 | |||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options and stock purchase plan, net of repurchase of unvested shares | 6,140 | 1,724 | 5,040 | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible debt, net of issue costs | 145,112 | — | 120,882 | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 149,988 | 1,537 | 124,554 | |||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 28,954 | (34,971 | ) | 33,743 | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 40,918 | 75,889 | 42,146 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 69,872 | $ | 40,918 | $ | 75,889 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | ||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 7,731 | $ | 6,578 | $ | 3,391 | ||||||
| Cash paid for taxes | $ | 334 | $ | 159 | $ | 126 | ||||||
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities | ||||||||||||
| Deferred stock compensation from acquisitions | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2,350 | ||||||
| Issuance of promissory notes on acquisition of product line | $ | $ | 6,750 | $ | — | |||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon conversion of promissory note | $ | $ | 6,750 | $ | — | |||||||
| Issuance of common stock and warrants and assumption of options in connection with acquisitions | $ | 147 | $ | 6,883 | $ | 52,859 | ||||||
| Issuance of Series A preferred stock and assumption of options in acquisitions | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 50,138 | ||||||
| Issuance of common stock for fees associated with the purchase of assets | $ | 1,237 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
| Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature on convertible debt | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 38,270 | ||||||
See accompanying notes.
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FINISAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| 1. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
| Description of Business |
Finisar Corporation was incorporated in the state of California on April 17, 1987. In November 1999, Finisar Corporation reincorporated in the state of Delaware. Finisar Corporation designs, manufactures, and markets fiber optic subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems for high-speed data communications.
| Basis of Presentation |
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Finisar Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively “Finisar” or the “Company”). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
| Fiscal Periods |
In fiscal 2000, the Company began to maintain its financial records on the basis of a fiscal year ending on April 30, with fiscal quarters ending on the Sunday closest to the end of the period (thirteen-week periods). For ease of reference, all references to period end dates have been presented as though the period ended on the last day of the calendar month. The first three quarters of fiscal 2004 ended on July 27, 2003, October 26, 2003 and January 25, 2004, respectively. The first three quarters of fiscal 2003 ended on July 28, 2002, October 27, 2002 and January 26, 2003, respectively. The first three quarters of fiscal 2002 ended on July 29, 2001, October 28, 2001 and January 27, 2002, respectively.
| Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
| Revenue Recognition |
The Company’s revenue transactions consist predominantly of sales to customers. The Company follows SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104Revenue Recognition. Specifically, the Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, generally upon shipment, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. For those arrangements with multiple elements, or in related arrangements with the same customer, the Company invoices and charges for each separate element based on the list price for such element.
At the time revenue is recognized, the Company establishes an accrual for estimated warranty expenses associated with sales, recorded as a component of cost of revenues. The Company’s customers and distributors generally do not have return rights. However, the Company has established an allowance for estimated customer returns, based on historical experience, which is netted against revenue.
| Segment Reporting |
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 131Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Informationestablishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. SFAS 131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. The
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Company has determined that it operates in two segments consisting of optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems.
| Concentrations of Credit Risk |
Financial instruments which potentially subject Finisar to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents, short-term and restricted investments and accounts receivable. Finisar places its cash, cash equivalents and short-term and restricted investments with high-credit quality financial institutions. Such investments are generally in excess of FDIC insurance limits. Concentrations of credit risk, with respect to accounts receivable, exist to the extent of amounts presented in the financial statements. Generally, Finisar does not require collateral or other security to support customer receivables. Finisar performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and maintains an allowance for potential credit losses based on historical experience and other information available to management. Losses to date have been within management’s expectations. At April 30, 2004, one optical subsystems and components customer, Cisco Systems, represented 12.2% of total accounts receivable. At April 30, 2003, one optical subsystems and components customer, Hewlett-Packard, represented 10.3% of total accounts receivable.
| Current Vulnerabilities Due to Certain Concentrations |
Finisar sells products primarily to customers located in North America. During fiscal 2004, sales to Cisco Systems represented 22.2% of total revenues. During fiscal 2003, sales to Cisco Systems represented 10.4% of total revenues. During fiscal 2002, sales to EMC and Emulex represented 11.9% and 11.4% of total revenues, respectively. Each of these customers were customers of the optical subsystems and components segment. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of revenues in any of these fiscal years.
| Foreign Currency Translation |
The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate on the balance sheet dates. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Any translation adjustments resulting from this process are shown separately as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the determination of net loss.
| Research and Development |
Research and development expenditures are charged to operations as incurred.
| Advertising Costs |
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising is used infrequently in marketing the Company’s products. Advertising costs during fiscal 2004, 2003 and 2002 were $242,000, $750,000 and $630,000, respectively.
| Shipping and Handling Costs |
The Company records costs related to shipping and handling in cost of sales for all periods presented.
| Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Finisar’s cash equivalents consist of money market funds and highly liquid short-term investments with qualified financial institutions. Finisar considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity from the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| Investments |
| Short-Term |
Short-term investments consist of interest bearing securities with maturities of greater than 90 days from the date of purchase and an equity security. Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS 115”), the Company has classified its short-term investments as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are stated at market value, which approximates fair value, and unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. A decline in the market value of the security below cost that is deemed other than temporary is charged to earnings, resulting in the establishment of a new cost basis for the security.
| Restricted Investments |
Restricted investments consist of interest bearing securities with maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase and investments held in escrow under the terms of the Company’s convertible subordinated notes. In accordance with SFAS 115, the Company has classified its restricted investments as held-to-maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are stated at amortized cost.
| Other |
The Company uses the cost method of accounting for investments in companies that do not have a readily determinable fair value in which it holds an interest of less than 20% and over which it does not have the ability to exercise significant influence. For entities in which the Company holds an interest of greater than 20% or in which the Company does have the ability to exercise significant influence, the Company uses the equity method. In determining if and when a decline in the market value of these investments below their carrying value is other-than-temporary, the Company evaluates the market conditions, offering prices, trends of earnings and cash flows, price multiples, prospects for liquidity and other key measures of performance. The Company’s policy is to recognize an impairment in the value of its minority equity investments when clear evidence of an impairment exists, such as (a) the completion of a new equity financing that may indicate a new value for the investment, (b) the failure to complete a new equity financing arrangement after seeking to raise additional funds or (c) the commencement of proceedings under which the assets of the business may be placed in receivership or liquidated to satisfy the claims of debt and equity stakeholders. The Company’s minority investments in private companies are generally made in exchange for preferred stock with a liquidation preference that is intended to help protect the underlying value of its investment.
| Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities, approximate fair value because of their short maturities. As of April 30, 2004 and 2003, the fair value of the Company’s convertible subordinated debt was approximately $230.2 million and $67.8 million, respectively.
| Inventories |
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or market.
The Company permanently writes down the cost of inventory that the Company specifically identifies and considers obsolete or excessive to fulfill future sales estimates. The Company defines obsolete inventory as inventory that will no longer be used in the manufacturing process. Excess inventory is generally defined as inventory in excess of projected usage, and is determined using management’s best estimate of future demand at the time, based upon information then available to the Company. The Company uses a twelve-month
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
demand forecast and, in addition to the demand forecast, the Company also considers: (1) parts and subassemblies that can be used in alternative finished products, (2) parts and subassemblies that are unlikely to be engineered out of the Company’s products, and (3) known design changes which would reduce the Company’s ability to use the inventory as planned.
| Property, Equipment and Improvements |
Property, equipment and improvements are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property, plant, equipment and improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three years to seven years except for buildings, which are depreciated over 40 years. Land is carried at acquisition cost and not depreciated. Leased land is depreciated over the life of the lease. The cost of equipment under capital leases is recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the asset and is amortized over the shorter of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful life of the asset.
| Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets |
Goodwill and other intangible assets result from acquisitions accounted for under the purchase method. Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles has been provided on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from three to five years. The amortization of goodwill ceased with the adoption of SFAS 142 beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2003 (see Note 4).
| Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
The Company periodically evaluates whether changes have occurred to long-lived assets that would require revision of the remaining estimated useful life of the property, improvements and assigned intangible assets or render them not recoverable. If such circumstances arise, the Company uses an estimate of the undiscounted value of expected future operating cash flows to determine whether the long-lived assets are impaired. If the aggregate undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, the resulting impairment charge to be recorded is calculated based on the excess of the carrying value of the assets over the fair value of such assets, with the fair value determined based on an estimate of discounted future cash flows.
| Stock-Based Compensation |
Finisar accounts for employee stock option grants in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25Accounting for Stock Issued to Employeesand complies with the disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 123Accounting for Stock-Based Compensationand SFAS No. 148Accounting for Stock-based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure.The Company accounts for stock issued to non-employees in accordance with provisions of SFAS No. 123 and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 96-18Accounting for Equity Investments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services.
The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and loss per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to employee stock benefits, including shares issued under the Company’s stock option plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan (collectively “options”). For purposes of these pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is assumed to be amortized to expense over
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
the options’ vesting periods and the amortization of deferred compensation has been added back. Pro forma information follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| Net loss: | |||||||||||||
| As reported | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | ||||
| Add stock based employee compensation reported in net loss | (12 | ) | (1,719 | ) | 11,963 | ||||||||
| Deduct total stock based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards | (29,813 | ) | (9,288 | ) | (42,986 | ) | |||||||
| Pro forma | $ | (143,658 | ) | $ | (630,760 | ) | $ | (249,761 | ) | ||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share: | |||||||||||||
| As reported | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | ||||
| Pro forma | $ | (0.67 | ) | $ | (3.22 | ) | $ | (1.38 | ) | ||||
The fair value of the Company’s stock option grants prior to the Company’s initial public offering was estimated at the date of grant using the minimum value option valuation model. The fair value of the Company’s stock options grants subsequent to the initial public offering was valued using the Black-Scholes valuation model based on the actual stock closing price on the day previous to the date of grant. These option valuation models were developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. Because Finisar’s stock-based awards have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its stock-based awards. The fair value of these options at the date of grant was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions for fiscal 2004, 2003 and 2002: risk-free interest rates of 2.1%, 2.4% and 4.7%, respectively; a dividend yield of 0%; a volatility factor of 0.89, 1.27 and 1.24, respectively; and a weighted-average expected life of the option of 3 years.
| Net Loss Per Share |
Basic and diluted net loss per share are presented in accordance with SFAS No. 128Earnings Per Sharefor all periods presented. Basic net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common shares from options and warrants (under the treasury stock method), convertible redeemable preferred stock (on an if-converted basis) and convertible notes (on an as-if-converted basis) outstanding during the period.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | ||||
| Denominator for basic net loss per share: | |||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — total | 217,268 | 200,382 | 193,297 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — subject to repurchase | (831 | ) | (2,681 | ) | (5,671 | ) | |||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — performance stock | (320 | ) | (2,035 | ) | (6,490 | ) | |||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — basic and diluted | 216,117 | 195,666 | 181,136 | ||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | ||||
| Common stock equivalents related to potentially dilutive securities excluded from computation above because they are anti-dilutive: | |||||||||||||
| Employee stock options | 11,765 | 2,975 | 7,841 | ||||||||||
| Stock subject to repurchase | 831 | 2,681 | 5,671 | ||||||||||
| Convertible debt | 41,512 | 22,645 | 12,222 | ||||||||||
| Deferred share consideration in acquisitions | 1 | 1,455 | 281 | ||||||||||
| Warrants assumed in acquisition | 1,004 | 86 | 10 | ||||||||||
| Series A preferred stock issued in acquisition | — | — | 699 | ||||||||||
| Potentially dilutive securities | 55,113 | 29,842 | 26,724 | ||||||||||
| Comprehensive Income |
Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income” (“SFAS 130”) establishes rules for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components. SFAS 130 requires unrealized gains or losses on the Company’s available-for-sale securities and foreign currency translation adjustments to be included in comprehensive income.
The components of comprehensive loss for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | |||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 191 | (500 | ) | — | ||||||||
| Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities, net of reclassification adjustments for realized gain (loss) | (322 | ) | 550 | (589 | ) | |||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (113,964 | ) | $ | (619,703 | ) | $ | (219,327 | ) | |||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, were as follows (in thousands):
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Net unrealized gains/(losses) on available-for-sale securities | (31 | ) | 291 | |||||
| Cumulative translation adjustment | 741 | 550 | ||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | 710 | $ | 841 | ||||
| Effect of New Accounting Statements |
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 46,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. FIN No. 46 requires that if a business enterprise has a controlling interest in a variable interest entity (also known as a special purpose entity), the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the variable interest entity should be included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the business enterprise. FIN No. 46 applies immediately to variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date. It applies in the first fiscal year or interim period ending after March 15, 2004, to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. The adoption of FIN 46 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In November 2002, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 00-21Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. EITF 00-21 establishes criteria for whether revenue on a deliverable can be recognized separately from other deliverables in a multiple deliverable arrangement. The criteria consider whether the delivered item has stand-alone value to the customer, whether the fair value of the delivered item can be reliably determined and the rights of return for the delivered item. EITF 00-21 is effective for revenue agreements entered into in fiscal quarters beginning after June 15, 2003 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which amends SFAS 133 for certain decisions made by the FASB Derivatives Implementation Group. In particular, SFAS 149: (1) clarifies under what circumstances a contract with an initial net investment meets the characteristic of a derivative, (2) clarifies when a derivative contains a financing component, (3) amends the definition of an underlying to conform it to language used in FASB Interpretation No. 45Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others,and (4) amends certain other existing pronouncements. This Statement is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003. In addition, most provisions of SFAS 149 are to be applied prospectively. The adoption of SFAS 149 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS 150 changes the accounting for certain financial instruments that under previous guidance issuers could account for as equity. It requires that those instruments be classified as liabilities in balance sheets. The guidance in SFAS 150 is generally effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective on July 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS 150 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
In December 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104),Revenue Recognition. SAB 104 supercedes SAB 101,Revenue Recognition in
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Financial Statements. The primary purpose of SAB 104 is to rescind accounting guidance contained in SAB 101 related to multiple element revenue arrangements, superceded as a result of the issuance of EITF 00-21. Additionally, SAB 104 rescinds the SEC’s Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers (the FAQ) issued with SAB 101 that had been codified in SEC Topic 13, Revenue Recognition. Selected portions of the FAQ have been incorporated into SAB 104. While the wording of SAB 104 has changed to reflect the issuance of EITF 00-21, the revenue recognition principles of SAB 101 remain largely unchanged by the issuance of SAB 104. The issuance of SAB 104 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
| 2. | Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions |
The following is a summary of business combinations (“BC”) and asset acquisitions (“AA”) made by the Company during the three-year period ended April 30, 2004. All of the business combinations were accounted for under the purchase method of accounting:
| Entity Name | Type | Description of Business | Acquisition Date | |||||
Fiscal 2004 | ||||||||
| Honeywell (“Honeywell”) optical products | AA | VCSEL optical components | March 1, 2004 | |||||
Fiscal 2003 | ||||||||
| Genoa Corporation (“Genoa”) | BC | Active optical components for data communication and telecommunications applications | April 3, 2003 | |||||
| New Focus Inc (“New Focus”) | AA | Purchase of certain assets and intellectual property of New Focus’ passive optical components line | May 10, 2002 | |||||
Fiscal 2002 | ||||||||
| AIFOtec, GmbH (“Aifotec”) | AA | Subsystem processes for assembly and testing of optical modules for telecom applications | February 5, 2002 | |||||
| Transwave Fiber, Inc. (“Transwave”) | BC | Passive optical components for data communication and telecommunications applications | May 3, 2001 | |||||
The following is a summary of the consideration paid by the Company for each of these business combinations and asset acquisitions. For transactions in which shares of Finisar common stock were issued, the value of the shares was determined in accordance with EITF 99-12 using the average closing price of
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Finisar common stock for the five day period ending two days after the closing of the transaction or when such shares were issued in the case of contingent consideration.
| Stock | Options/Warrants | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number and | Number and | Cash Including | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Value | Type of | Value | Type of | Acquisition Costs | Consideration | |||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Name | ($000) | Shares(1)(2) | ($000) | Shares(2) | ($000) | ($000) | ||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Honeywell | $ | 1,237 | 545,349 | (C) | — | — | $ | 80,853 | (3) | $ | 82,091 | |||||||||||||
Fiscal 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genoa | 5,727 | 6,753,247 | (C) | 671 | 1,029,601 | (W) | 500 | 6,898 | ||||||||||||||||
| New Focus | 6,750 | 4,027,446 | (C) | — | — | 5,384 | 12,134 | |||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aifotec | — | — | — | — | 2,500 | 2,500 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Transwave | 37,840 | 580,172 | (P) | 11,806 | 182,463 | (P) | 493 | 50,139 | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Excludes contingent consideration pursuant to the acquisition of Transwave, which is discussed below. |
| (2) | Shares of common stock (C), shares of convertible Series A preferred stock (P), or warrants to purchase common stock (W). |
| (3) | Including $5,583 included in other accrued liabilities as of April 30, 2004. |
At the closing of the acquisition of Sensors Unlimited in fiscal 2001, 9,481,109 shares of Finisar common stock were issued to the former stockholders of Sensors Unlimited (the “Initial Consideration”) and 9,481,032 shares of common stock, or one-half of the shares issued pursuant to the transaction, were deposited into escrow to be released subject to certain development milestones (the “Deferred Consideration”). As of April 30, 2003, all of the Deferred Consideration had been released.
At the closing of the acquisition of Transwave, 580,172 shares of Finisar Series A convertible preferred stock (1,740,516 shares of common stock as a result of subsequent conversion) were issued to the former stockholders of Transwave (the “Initial Consideration”) and 290,131 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock (870,393 shares of common stock as a result of conversion), or approximately one-third of the shares issued pursuant to the transaction, were deposited into escrow (the “Deferred Consideration”). One-third of the shares deposited in escrow are required to be released on each of the first three anniversaries of the closing date subject to the achievement of certain financial, development and personnel milestones. If the milestones are not achieved, the escrow shares will be cancelled and returned to the status of authorized but unissued shares.
At the date of the Transwave acquisition, only the Initial Consideration was recorded for accounting purposes, since the payment of the Deferred Consideration was contingent upon future events that were not then assured of occurring beyond a reasonable doubt. The Deferred Consideration is recorded as additional purchase cost at the then current market price of the common stock if and when the milestones are attained. As of April 30, 2004, 406,171 shares of Finisar common stock has been earned as Deferred Consideration in accordance with the provisions of the merger agreement. As a result, during the first quarter of fiscal 2003 and the first quarter of fiscal 2004, additional goodwill of $485,000 and $147,000, respectively, was recorded in the optical subsystems and components reporting unit. On May 3, 2003, 145,050 of these shares were cancelled. As of April 30, 2004, 318,985 shares of Finisar common stock remained in escrow subject to the achievement of certain milestones.
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The following is a summary of the initial purchase price allocation for each of the Company’s business combinations and asset acquisitions (in thousands):
| Intangible Assets Acquired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net | In-process | Deferred | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tangible | Developed | Research & | Assembled | Customer | Income | Deferred | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Name | Assets | Technology | Development | Workforce | Base | Tradename | Goodwill | Taxes | Compensation | Total(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Honeywell | $ | 20,414 | $ | 14,862 | $ | 6,180 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 40,635 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 82,091 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genoa | 1,929 | 1,131 | — | — | — | — | 3,838 | — | — | 6,898 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Focus | 1,512 | 10,622 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12,134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aifotec | 2,500 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2,500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transwave | 15 | 10,387 | 2,696 | 946 | 125 | — | 39,143 | (5,523 | ) | 2,350 | 50,139 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Excludes contingent consideration earned or to be earned pursuant to the acquisition of Transwave, which is discussed above. |
The amounts allocated to current technology were determined based on discounted cash flows which result from the expected sale of products that were being manufactured and sold at the time of the acquisition over their expected useful life. The amounts allocated to in-process research and development (“IPRD”) were determined through established valuation techniques in the high-technology industry and were expensed upon acquisition because technological feasibility had not been established and no future alternative uses existed. Research and development costs to bring the products from the acquired companies to technological feasibility are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s future results of operations or cash flows. Goodwill represents the excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets, including identifiable intangible assets, net of the fair value of liabilities assumed. Intangible assets related to the acquisitions, excluding goodwill, are amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to five years.
The Company has recorded certain acquisition-related purchase consideration as deferred stock compensation in accordance with FIN No. 44Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation. Those amounts represent the intrinsic value on the date of closing of the acquisition of the unvested Finisar stock options exchanged for options held by employees of the companies. The stock compensation expense is being recognized on the graded vesting method over the related vesting period of the options of three to four years.
The total consideration paid in the Honeywell transaction was allocated among net tangible assets, developed technology, IPRD and goodwill. The value of developed technology reflects the expected revenues from the sale of optical components operating at 1 and 2 Gbps which were in production at the time of acquisition through the end of their useful life. The value of IPRD was determined based on the completion of several projects using short-wavelength VCSEL technology primarily targeting higher-speed optical communications applications at 4 to 10Gbps as well as products in development based on longer wavelength VCSEL technology for longer distance applications. These projects were estimated to be approximately 30% complete at the time of the acquisition with $3 million remaining to be spent for additional research and development to complete the projects. Work on these projects continues. If the projects are not successfully completed, the Company will not realize any benefits from the expenditure of these funds. The goodwill recorded in this transaction primarily reflects expected synergies to be realized from vertical integration through the ability to supply internally a number of critical components used in manufacturing the Company’s optical subsystem products for short distance market applications, and the estimated value of future technology that should
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result from using the employees of the acquired business and their intellectual know-how to create new products for existing as well as new market applications.
The total consideration paid for Genoa was allocated among net tangible assets, developed technology and goodwill. The value of developed technology reflects the expected revenues from the sale of linear optical amplifiers that use a single piece of semiconductor material to amplify multiple wavelengths of light for optical communications applications over their remaining useful life. The goodwill recorded in this transaction primarily reflects the value of expected synergies to be realized from vertically integration through the ability to supply internally a number of critical components used in manufacturing the Company’s optical subsystem products for longer distance market applications.
The total consideration paid for New Focus was allocated among net tangible assets and developed technology. The value of developed technology reflects the expected sale or use of optical components in manufacturing Finisar’s passive optical communication products over their remaining useful life.
The total consideration paid for Transwave was allocated among net tangible assets, developed technology, IPRD, goodwill, deferred income taxes and deferred compensation. The value of developed technology reflects the expected revenues from the sale of a number of passive optical components through the end of their useful life. The value of IPRD was determined based on the completion of several projects primarily targeting DWDM market applications. These projects were estimated to be approximately 30% complete at the time of acquisition with $5 million remaining to be spent for additional research and development to complete the projects. The projects have since been completed. The goodwill recorded in this transaction primarily reflects the expected synergies to be realized from being vertical integration through the ability to supply internally a number of critical components used in manufacturing Finisar’s passive optical communication products, the cost savings due to the ability to conduct both research and development and manufacturing operations in a low-cost location and the estimated value of future technology that should result from using the employees of the acquired business and their intellectual know-how to create new products.
The consolidated statements of operations of Finisar presented throughout this report include the operating results of the acquired companies from the date of the respective acquisitions. Pro forma results as if these transactions were consummated on the first day of the year preceding the acquisition except in-process research and development which is recorded in the year the transactions closed for fiscal 2004 and 2003 is immaterial.
| 3. | Loan Related to Acquisition of Assets from New Focus, Inc. |
In partial consideration for the purchase of certain assets from New Focus, Inc. for a total value of $12.1 million in May 2002, the Company delivered to New Focus a non-interest bearing convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $6.75 million which was convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock. On August 9, 2002, the note was converted into 4,027,446 shares of common stock. Additionally, in August 2003, a $1.4 million payment was made to pay down minimum commitments to New Focus under a royalty arrangement entered into in connection with the acquisition. The remaining minimum commitment with respect to royalty payments to be paid during the three years following the date of acquisition totaled $4.0 million at April 30, 2004. Because such payments are not fixed in time, they were not discounted as otherwise required under APB Opinion No. 21.
| 4. | Purchased Intangible Assets Including Goodwill |
In accordance with SFAS 142, the Company performed the required annual two-step impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets as of May 1, 2002. In the first step of the analysis, the Company’s assets and liabilities, including existing goodwill and other intangible assets, were assigned to its
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identified reporting units to determine their carrying value. For this purpose, the reporting units were determined to be the Company’s two business segments. After comparing the carrying value of each reporting unit to its fair value, it was determined that goodwill recorded by both reporting units was impaired. After the second step of comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill to its carrying value, the Company recognized a transitional impairment loss of $460.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2003. Of this impairment loss, $406.4 million was related to the optical subsystems and components reporting unit and $54.2 million was related to the network test and monitoring systems reporting unit. This loss was recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change. The impairment loss had no income tax effect.
The fair value of the reporting units was determined using the income approach. The income approach focuses on the income-producing capability of an asset, measuring the current value of the asset by calculating the present value of its future economic benefits such as cash earnings, cost savings, tax deductions and proceeds from disposition. Value indications are developed by discounting expected cash flows to their present value at a rate of return that incorporates the risk-free rate for the use of funds, the expected rate of inflation and risks associated with the particular investment. The calculation for the optical subsystems and components reporting unit assumed an accelerating rate of growth through fiscal 2006 (compounded growth rate of 32 percent) followed by a period of slowing growth through fiscal 2010 (compound growth rate of 27 percent). The calculation for the network test and monitoring systems reporting unit assumed a compound annual growth rate in revenues of approximately 10 percent. Both calculations assumed a weighted average discount rate of 18 percent.
On May 3, 2002, the Company recorded additional goodwill in the optical subsystems and components reporting unit of $485,000 as a result of achievement of certain milestones specified in the Transwave acquisition agreement. The Company recorded an impairment loss of $485,000 in the three months ended July 31, 2002 for this additional consideration, since the Company’s transitional impairment charge, recorded in the first quarter of the fiscal 2003, indicated it could not be supported.
In future years, a reduction of the estimated fair values associated with certain of the Company’s reporting units could result in an additional impairment loss. Also, the Company is contingently obligated to release from escrow additional stock consideration related to the acquisition of Transwave, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Should such consideration become payable, any resulting goodwill will become subject to impairment testing at the time the goodwill is recorded.
As required by SFAS 142, intangible assets that did not meet the criteria for recognition apart from goodwill were reclassified. The Company reclassified $6.1 million of net assembled workforce and customer base to goodwill as of April 30, 2002.
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The following financial information reflects consolidated results adjusted as though the accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets was consistent in all comparable annual periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
| Reported net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (159,173 | ) | $ | (218,738 | ) | |||
| Add back goodwill (including assembled workforce and customer base) amortization, net of tax | — | — | 127,781 | |||||||||
| Adjusted loss before cumulative effect of an accounting change | (113,833 | ) | (159,173 | ) | (90,957 | ) | ||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change | — | (460,580 | ) | — | ||||||||
| Adjusted net loss | $ | (113,833 | ) | $ | (619,753 | ) | $ | (90,957 | ) | |||
| Adjusted basic and diluted net loss per share: | ||||||||||||
| Reported basic net loss per share | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (0.82 | ) | $ | (1.21 | ) | |||
| Add back goodwill (including assembled workforce and customer base) amortization, net of tax | — | — | 0.71 | |||||||||
| Adjusted loss before cumulative effect of an accounting change | (0.53 | ) | (0.82 | ) | (0.50 | ) | ||||||
| Cumulative effect of an accounting change | — | (2.35 | ) | — | ||||||||
| Adjusted basic net loss per share | $ | (0.53 | ) | $ | (3.17 | ) | $ | (0.50 | ) | |||
The following table reflects changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (including assembled workforce and customer base) by reporting unit (in thousands).
| Optical Subsystems | Network Test and | Consolidated | |||||||||||
| and Components | Monitoring Systems | Total | |||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2002 | $ | 403,708 | $ | 66,788 | $ | 470,496 | |||||||
| Transfer to goodwill | |||||||||||||
| — Workforce | 1,547 | 1,185 | 2,732 | ||||||||||
| — Customer base | 1,102 | 2,250 | 3,352 | ||||||||||
| Adjusted balance at April 30, 2002 | 406,357 | 70,223 | 476,580 | ||||||||||
| Addition related to achievement of milestones | 485 | — | 485 | ||||||||||
| Addition related to acquisition of subsidiary | 3,838 | — | 3,838 | ||||||||||
| Transitional impairment loss | (406,357 | ) | (54,223 | ) | (460,580 | ) | |||||||
| Impairment loss | (485 | ) | — | (485 | ) | ||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2003 | $ | 3,838 | $ | 16,000 | $ | 19,838 | |||||||
| Addition related to achievement of milestones | 147 | — | 147 | ||||||||||
| Addition related to acquisition of subsidiary | 40,635 | — | 40,635 | ||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2004 | $ | 44,620 | $ | 16,000 | $ | 60,620 | |||||||
During fiscal 2004, the Company recorded additional goodwill in the optical subsystems and components reporting unit in the amount of $147,000 as a result of achievement of certain milestones specified in the Transwave acquisition agreement. During fiscal 2004, the Company recorded an additional $40.6 million in conjunction with the acquisition of the Honeywell VCSEL Optical Products business unit.
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The following table reflects intangible assets subject to amortization as of April 30, 2004 and April 30, 2003 (in thousands):
| April 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying | Accumulated | Net Carrying | ||||||||||
| Amount | Amortization | Amount | ||||||||||
| Purchased technology | $ | 104,387 | $ | (57,481 | ) | $ | 46,906 | |||||
| Trade name | 2,867 | (1,812 | ) | 1,055 | ||||||||
| Totals | $ | 107,254 | $ | (59,293 | ) | $ | 47,961 | |||||
| April 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying | Accumulated | Net Carrying | ||||||||||
| Amount | Amortization | Amount | ||||||||||
| Purchased technology | $ | 89,525 | $ | (38,242 | ) | $ | 51,283 | |||||
| Trade name | 2,867 | (1,240 | ) | 1,627 | ||||||||
| Totals | $ | 92,392 | $ | (39,482 | ) | $ | 52,910 | |||||
The amortization expense on these intangible assets for fiscal 2004 was $19.8 million compared to $22.7 million for fiscal 2003. Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years ending April 30, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Year | Amount | |||
| 2005 | $ | 22,806 | ||
| 2006 | $ | 16,359 | ||
| 2007 | $ | 3,788 | ||
| 2008 | $ | 1,875 | ||
| 2009 and beyond | $ | 3,133 | ||
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| 5. | Available-For-Sale Investments |
The following is a summary of the Company’s available-for-sale investments as of April 30, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):
| Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Market | |||||||||||||||
| Investment Type | Cost | Gain | Loss | Value | ||||||||||||||
As of April 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Debt: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate | $ | 84,822 | $ | 123 | $ | (71 | ) | $ | 84,874 | |||||||||
| Government agency | 35,199 | 36 | (120 | ) | 35,115 | |||||||||||||
| Municipal | 1,854 | 5 | (4 | ) | 1,855 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 121,875 | $ | 164 | $ | (195 | ) | $ | 121,844 | |||||||||
| Reported as: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | $ | 48,318 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 48,318 | ||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 73,557 | 164 | (195 | ) | 73,526 | |||||||||||||
| $ | 121,875 | $ | 164 | $ | (195 | ) | $ | 121,844 | ||||||||||
As of April 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Debt: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate | $ | 67,486 | $ | 660 | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 68,139 | |||||||||
| Government agency | 21,406 | 100 | (2 | ) | 21,504 | |||||||||||||
| Municipal | 2,448 | 2 | — | 2,450 | ||||||||||||||
| 91,340 | 762 | (9 | ) | 92,093 | ||||||||||||||
| Equity: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate (investment in Ciena) | 2,156 | — | (462 | ) | 1,694 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 93,496 | $ | 762 | $ | (471 | ) | $ | 93,787 | |||||||||
| Reported as: | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | $ | 15,267 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 15,267 | ||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 78,229 | 762 | (471 | ) | 78,520 | |||||||||||||
| $ | 93,496 | $ | 762 | $ | (471 | ) | $ | 93,787 | ||||||||||
The following is a summary of the Company’s available-for-sale investments as of April 30, by contractual maturity (in thousands):
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Market | Amortized | Market | |||||||||||||
| Cost | Value | Cost | Value | |||||||||||||
| Mature in less than one year | $ | 86,889 | $ | 86,942 | $ | 46,209 | $ | 46,522 | ||||||||
| Mature in one to five years | 29,870 | 29,794 | 39,779 | 40,178 | ||||||||||||
| Mature in five to ten years | 3,565 | 3,560 | 1,832 | 1,851 | ||||||||||||
| Mature in over ten years | 1,551 | 1,548 | 3,520 | 3,542 | ||||||||||||
| $ | 121,875 | $ | 121,844 | $ | 91,340 | $ | 92,093 | |||||||||
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While these instruments mature after one year from the balance sheet date, they have been classified as current assets because they are readily marketable and the Company views these investments as assets which are available within the year following the balance sheet date should the need arise. The gross realized gains for the years ended April 30, 2004 and 2003 totaled $206,000 and $396,000, respectively. The gross realized loss in fiscal 2004 and 2003 was immaterial. Realized gains and losses were calculated based on the specific identification method.
| Restricted Securities |
The Company has purchased and pledged to a collateral agent, as security for the exclusive benefit of the holders of the 5 1/4% and 2 1/2% convertible subordinated notes, U.S. government securities, which will be sufficient upon receipt of scheduled principal and interest payments thereon, to provide for the payment in full of the first eight scheduled interest payments due on each series of notes. These restricted securities are classified as held to maturity and are held on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at amortized cost. The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted securities as of April 30, 2004 and April 30, 2003 (in thousands).
| Gross | ||||||||||||
| Amortized | Unrealized | Market | ||||||||||
| Investment Type | Cost | Gain/(Loss) | Value | |||||||||
As of April 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
| Government agency | $ | 15,250 | $ | (63 | ) | $ | 15,187 | |||||
| Classified as: | ||||||||||||
| Short term — less than 1 year | $ | 6,329 | $ | 18 | $ | 6,347 | ||||||
| Long term — 1 to 3 years | 8,921 | (81 | ) | 8,840 | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 15,250 | $ | (63 | ) | $ | 15,187 | |||||
| Gross | ||||||||||||
| Amortized | Unrealized | Market | ||||||||||
| Investment Type | Cost | Loss | Value | |||||||||
As of April 30, 2003 | ||||||||||||
| Government agency | $ | 10,044 | $ | (292 | ) | $ | 9,752 | |||||
| Classified as: | ||||||||||||
| Short term — less than 1 year | $ | 6,737 | $ | (215 | ) | $ | 6,522 | |||||
| Long term — 1 to 3 years | 3,307 | (77 | ) | 3,230 | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 10,044 | $ | (292 | ) | $ | 9,752 | |||||
| Cost Method Investments |
Included in minority investments is $16.5 million and $18.1 million at April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, representing the carrying value of the Company’s minority investment in four privately held companies accounted for under the cost method. The Company’s investments in these early stage companies was primarily motivated by its desire to gain early access to new technology. The Company’s investments were passive in nature in that the Company generally did not obtain representation on the board of directors of the companies in which it invested. At the time the Company made its investments, in most cases the companies had not completed development of their products and the Company did not enter into any significant supply agreements with any of the companies in which it invested. The Company’s policy is to recognize an impairment in the value of its minority equity investments when clear evidence of an impairment exists, such as (a) the completion of a new equity financing that may indicate a new value for the investment, (b) the
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failure to complete a new equity financing arrangement after seeking to raise additional funds or (c) the commencement of proceedings under which the assets of the business may be placed in receivership or liquidated to satisfy the claims of debt and equity stakeholders. During fiscal 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded charges of $1.6 million and $12.0 million, respectively, for the impairment in the value of these investments which were recorded under other income (expense), net. During fiscal 2003, two companies raised additional funds in financings in which the Company declined to participate. As a result of the financings, the Company’s investments in the two companies was diluted to an immaterial interest and the Company determined that an impairment event had occurred and wrote off these investments in full. There was no corresponding charge recorded in fiscal 2002.
| Equity Method Investments |
Included in minority investments is $7.7 million and $4.0 million at April 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, representing the carrying value of the Company’s minority investment in one private company, Quintessence Photonics, accounted for under the equity method. Also included in minority investments at April 30, 2003 was the Company’s $6.7 million loan to Quintessence Photonics. This loan was settled during 2004 for $1.7 million in cash, and $5.0 million in preferred stock of Quintessence Photonics. These preferred shares increased the Company’s ownership interest in Quintessence Photonics to 30.8% at April 30, 2004 compared to 21.2% at April 30, 2003. During fiscal 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded expenses of $1.3 million and $764,000, respectively, representing its share of the loss of the investee, which was recorded under other income (expense), net.
| 6. | Inventories |
Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Raw materials | $ | 20,072 | $ | 23,366 | ||||
| Work-in-process | 8,512 | 7,808 | ||||||
| Finished goods | 6,133 | 5,296 | ||||||
| $ | 34,717 | $ | 36,470 | |||||
In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded charges of $22.3 million for excess and obsolete inventory and sold inventory components that were previously written-off in prior periods with an approximate original cost of $17.9 million. In fiscal 2003, the Company recorded charges of $24.3 million for excess and obsolete inventory and sold inventory components that were previously written-off in prior periods with an approximate original cost of $15.1 million. In fiscal 2002, the Company recorded charges of $29.2 million for excess and obsolete inventory and sold inventory components that were previously written-off in prior periods of $2.7 million. Cost of revenue associated with the sale of inventory components that were previously written-off was zero.
In fiscal 2003, the Company recorded a charge to cost of revenue of $24.3 million to increase its reserve for excess inventory currently held in both its optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems business segments. The break-down of this charge was as follows:
| Raw | Work in | Finished | |||||||||||||||
| materials | process | goods | Total | ||||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems | $ | 8,740,574 | $ | 7,716,857 | $ | 4,095,407 | $ | 20,552,838 | |||||||||
| Network test | 2,664,441 | 896,532 | 151,225 | 3,712,198 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 11,405,015 | $ | 8,613,389 | $ | 4,246,632 | $ | 24,265,036 | |||||||||
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In fiscal 2002, the Company recorded a charge to cost of revenue of $29.2 million to increase its reserve for excess inventory currently held in both its optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems business segments. The break-down of this charge was as follows:
| Raw | Work in | Finished | |||||||||||||||
| materials | process | goods | Total | ||||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems | $ | 26,552,212 | $ | 1,472,873 | $ | 1,066,789 | $ | 29,091,874 | |||||||||
| Network test | 0 | 108,126 | 0 | 108,126 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 26,552,212 | $ | 1,580,999 | $ | 1,066,789 | $ | 29,200,000 | |||||||||
The Company makes inventory commitments and purchase decisions based upon sales forecasts. To mitigate the component supply constraints that have existed in the past and to fill orders with non-standard configurations, the Company maintains inventory levels for certain items with long lead times and enters into long-term commitments for certain items. The Company permanently writes off 100% of the cost of inventory that is specifically identified and considered obsolete or excessive to fulfill future sales estimates. Obsolete inventory is defined as inventory that will no longer be used in the manufacturing process. Excess inventory is generally defined as inventory in excess of projected usage and is determined using the Company’s best estimate of future demand at the time, based upon information then available. The Company periodically discards obsolete inventory. In making these assessments, the Company is required to make judgments as to the future demand for current or committed inventory levels. The Company uses a 12-month demand forecast and, in addition to the demand forecast, also considers:
| • | parts and subassemblies that can be used in alternative finished products; | |
| • | parts and subassemblies that are unlikely to be engineered out of its products; and | |
| • | known design changes which would reduce its ability to use the inventory as planned. |
Significant differences between the Company’s estimates and judgments regarding future timing of product transitions, volume and mix of customer demand for its products and actual timing, volume and demand mix may result in additional write-offs in the future, or additional usage of previously written-off inventory in future periods for which the Company would benefit by a reduced cost of revenues in those future periods.
7. Property, Equipment and Improvements
Property, equipment and improvements consist of the following (in thousands):
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Land | $ | 18,788 | $ | 18,781 | ||||
| Building | 21,271 | 21,218 | ||||||
| Computer equipment | 27,712 | 23,673 | ||||||
| Office equipment, furniture and fixtures | 3,542 | 2,930 | ||||||
| Machinery and equipment | 94,002 | 79,174 | ||||||
| Leasehold improvements | 6,858 | 8,013 | ||||||
| Total | 172,173 | 153,789 | ||||||
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (64,437 | ) | (41,664 | ) | ||||
| Property, equipment and improvements (net) | $ | 107,736 | $ | 112,125 | ||||
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| 8. | Commitments |
Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements are as follows as of April 30, 2004 (in thousands):
| Operating | ||||
| Leases | ||||
| Fiscal years ending April 30: | ||||
| 2005 | $ | 4,730 | ||
| 2006 | 4,400 | |||
| 2007 | 1,506 | |||
| 2008 | 202 | |||
| 2009 | 55 | |||
| Thereafter | — | |||
| Total minimum payments required | $ | 10,893 | ||
Rent expense under these non-cancelable operating leases was approximately $2.9 million in fiscal 2004, $4.0 million in fiscal 2003 and $5.1 million in fiscal 2002. The Company subleases a portion of its facilities that it considers to be in excess of its requirements. Sublease income was $20,000 in fiscal 2004, $142,000 in fiscal 2003 and $1.7 million in fiscal 2002. Certain leases have scheduled rent increases which have been included in the above table. Other leases contain provisions to adjust rental rates for inflation during their terms, most of which are based on to-be-published indices. Rents subject to these adjustments are included in the above table based on current rates.
| 9. | Convertible Subordinated Notes |
| Sale of Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2008 |
On October 15, 2001, the Company sold $125 million aggregate principal amount of 5 1/4% convertible subordinated notes due October 15, 2008. Interest on the notes is 5 1/4% per year on the principal amount, payable semiannually on April 15 and October 15. The notes are convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time on or prior to maturity into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $5.52 per share, which is equal to a conversion rate of approximately 181.159 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes. The conversion price is subject to adjustment.
Because the market value of the stock rose above the conversion price between the day the notes were priced and the day the proceeds were collected, the Company recorded a discount of $38.3 million related to the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature. This amount is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the convertible notes, or sooner upon conversion. During fiscal 2004 and 2003, the Company recorded in interest expense amortization of $10.2 million and $4.8 million, respectively.
At issuance of the notes, the Company purchased and pledged to a collateral agent, as security for the exclusive benefit of the holders of the notes, approximately $15.3 million of U.S. government securities which will be sufficient, upon receipt of scheduled principal and interest payments thereon, to provide for the payment in full of the first six scheduled interest payments due on the Notes.
The notes are subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness and effectively subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of its subsidiaries. Because the notes are subordinated, in the event of bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or acceleration of payment on the senior indebtedness, holders of the notes will not receive any payment until holders of the senior indebtedness have been paid in full. The indenture does not limit the incurrence by the Company or its subsidiaries of senior
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indebtedness or other indebtedness. The Company may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after October 15, 2004 up to, but not including, the maturity date at specified redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
Upon a change in control of the Company, each holder of the notes may require the Company to repurchase some or all of the notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. Instead of paying the change of control purchase price in cash the Company may, at its option, pay it in shares of the Company’s common stock valued at 95% of the average of the closing sales prices of its common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding and including the third trading day prior to the date the Company is required to repurchase the notes. The Company cannot pay the change in control purchase price in common stock unless the Company satisfies the conditions described in the indenture under which the notes have been issued.
The notes are represented by one or more global notes, deposited with the trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede & Co., DTC’s nominee. Beneficial interests in the global notes will be shown on, and transfers will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC and its participants. The notes are eligible for trading in the PORTAL market.
| Conversion and Repurchase of Convertible Notes due 2008 |
In privately negotiated transactions concluded during the quarter ended July 31, 2003, the Company exchanged an aggregate of $5.0 million in principal amount of its convertible notes due 2008 for 2,311,937 shares of the Company’s common stock. In connection with the exchanges, the Company recorded additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $2.4 million representing the fair value of the incremental shares issued to induce the exchanges and non-cash interest expense of approximately $1.2 million representing the remaining unamortized discount for the beneficial conversion feature related to the convertible notes exchanged. Also, $140,000 of unamortized debt issue costs related to the convertible notes exchanged was charged to additional paid-in capital.
In privately negotiated transactions concluded during the quarter ended October 31, 2003, the Company exchanged an aggregate of $17.8 million in principal amount of its convertible notes due 2008 for 7,614,402 shares of the Company’s common stock. In connection with the exchanges, the Company recorded additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $8.4 million representing the fair value of the incremental shares issued to induce the exchanges and non-cash interest expense of approximately $4.2 million representing the remaining unamortized discount for the beneficial conversion feature related to the convertible notes exchanged. Also, $492,000 of unamortized debt issue costs related to the convertible notes exchanged was charged to additional paid-in capital.
In another privately negotiated transaction concluded during the quarter ended October 31, 2003, the Company repurchased $2.0 million in principal amount of its convertible notes due 2008 for cash in the amount of $1.9 million. In connection with the repurchase, the Company recorded additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $458,000 representing the remaining unamortized discount for the beneficial conversion feature related to the repurchased convertible notes. Also, approximately $54,000 of unamortized debt issue costs related to the repurchased convertible notes was charged to other expense.
During fiscal 2004, the Company, in these privately negotiated transactions, exchanged and repurchased $24.8 million in principal amount of its convertible notes due 2008 for 9,926,339 shares of the Company’s common stock and cash in the amount of $1.9 million. In connection with the exchanges and repurchases, the Company recorded additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $10.8 million representing the fair value of the incremental shares issued to induce the exchange and non-cash interest expense of approximately $5.8 million representing the remaining unamortized discount for the beneficial conversion feature related to the convertible notes exchanged and repurchased. Also, $684,000 of unamortized debt issue costs related to
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the convertible notes exchanged and repurchased was charged to additional paid-in capital, and $54,000 was charged to expense.
| Sale of Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2010 |
On October 15, 2003, the Company sold $150 million aggregate principal amount of 2 1/2% convertible subordinated notes due October 15, 2010. Interest on the notes is 2 1/2% per year, payable semiannually on April 15 and October 15, beginning on April 15, 2004. The notes are convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time on or prior to maturity into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $3.705 per share, which is equal to a conversion rate of approximately 269.9055 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes. The conversion price is subject to adjustment.
The Company has purchased and pledged to a collateral agent, as security for the exclusive benefit of the holders of the notes, approximately $14.4 million of U.S. government securities, which will be sufficient upon receipt of scheduled principal and interest payments thereon, to provide for the payment in full of the first eight scheduled interest payments due on the notes.
The notes are subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness and effectively subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of its subsidiaries. Because the notes are subordinated, in the event of bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or acceleration of payment on the senior indebtedness, holders of the notes will not receive any payment until holders of the senior indebtedness have been paid in full. The indenture does not limit the incurrence by the Company or its subsidiaries of senior indebtedness or other indebtedness. The Company may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after October 15, 2007 up to, but not including, the maturity date at specified redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
Upon a change in control of the Company, each holder of the notes may require the Company to repurchase some or all of the notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. Instead of paying the change of control purchase price in cash, the Company may, at its option, pay it in shares of the Company’s common stock valued at 95% of the average of the closing sales prices of its common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding and including the third trading day prior to the date the Company is required to repurchase the notes. The Company cannot pay the change in control purchase price in common stock unless the Company satisfies the conditions described in the indenture under which the notes have been issued.
The notes were issued in fully registered form and are represented by one or more global notes, deposited with the trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede & Co., DTC’s nominee. Beneficial interests in the global notes will be shown on, and transfers will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC and its participants.
The Company has agreed to use its best efforts to file a shelf registration statement covering the notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the stock and keep such registration statement effective until two years after the latest date on which the Company issued notes in the offering (or such earlier date when the holders of the notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes are able to sell their securities immediately pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act). If the Company does not comply with these registration obligations, the Company will be required to pay liquidated damages to the holders of the notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion. The Company will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by any selling security holders of the notes or the underlying common stock. A registration statement covering the notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion thereof was declared effective in February 2004.
As of April 30, 2004 and 2003, the fair value of the Company’s convertible subordinated debt was approximately $230.2 million and $67.8 million, respectively.
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| 10. | Stockholders’ Equity |
| Common Stock and Preferred Stock |
On June 19, 2001, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase in the number of authorized shares of common stock from 200,000,000 to 500,000,000 shares. Thereafter, the preferred stock issued in the acquisitions of Shomiti and Transwave and options to purchase preferred stock issued under the 2001 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan were converted into common stock on a 3-for-1 basis. As at April 30, 2004, Finisar is authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock and 5,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value preferred stock. The board of directors has the authority to issue the undesignated preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. The holder of each share of common stock has the right to one vote.
Common stock subject to future issuance as of April 30, 2004 is as follows:
| Conversion of convertible notes | 58,647,062 | |||
| Exercise of outstanding warrants | 964,117 | |||
| Exercise of outstanding options | 43,573,024 | |||
| Available for grant under stock option plans | 4,866,391 | |||
| Reserved for issuance under the employee stock purchase plan | 750,086 | |||
| 108,800,680 | ||||
The remaining unearned Deferred Consideration of 318,985 shares of common stock issued in connection with the acquisition of Transwave which are held in escrow and may be earned in future periods (see Note 2) are not included in the accompanying balance sheet and are excluded from the table above. Any future Deferred Consideration will be recorded as goodwill and will be subject to the impairment testing under SFAS 142.
| Warrants |
In connection with the acquisition of Shomiti Systems, Inc. (“Shomiti”) in fiscal 2001, the Company assumed warrants to purchase stock of Shomiti. These warrants entitle the holder to purchase 10,153 shares of Finisar common stock at an exercise price of $11.49. The warrants expire at various dates through 2007. None of the warrants have been exercised to date.
In conjunction with the acquisition of Genoa, the Company assumed warrants to purchase stock of Genoa and issued warrants to purchase stock of Finisar. The assumed warrants entitle the holders to purchase 29,766 shares of Finisar common stock at an exercise price of $15.25 and expire at various dates through 2011. The warrants issued by the Company entitle the holders to purchase 999,835 shares of Finisar common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and expire at various dates through 2011. During 2004, warrants issued by the Company to purchase 75,577 shares of Finisar common stock were exercised.
| Preferred Stock |
The Company has authority to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value. The preferred stock may be issued in one or more series having such rights, preferences and privileges as may be designated by the Company’s board of directors. Pursuant to such Board action in March 2001, the Company designated 4,500,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series A Preferred Stock. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock was automatically convertible into three shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, upon the effectiveness of an increase in the authorized number of shares of the Company’s common stock to not less than the number of shares sufficient to allow the conversion of each share of the Series A Preferred Stock (the “Charter
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Amendment”). Pending conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, a holder of a share of Series A Preferred Stock had the same rights as a holder of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock into which the share of Series A Preferred Stock was convertible with respect to the rights to vote, to receive dividends and to receive distributions on a liquidation or winding up of Finisar. Shares of Series A Preferred Stock were issued in connection with the acquisitions of Shomiti and Transwave. On June 19, 2001, the Charter Amendment was approved and the outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock were automatically converted into common stock on a 3-for-1 basis upon the filing of an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State. In September 2002, the Company’s board of directors designated 500,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series RP Preferred Stock, which is reserved for issuance under the Company’s stockholder rights plan described below. As of April 30, 2004 and 2003, no shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
Stockholder Rights Plan
In September 2002, Finisar’s board of directors adopted a stockholder rights plan. Under the rights plan, stockholders received one share purchase Right for each share of Finisar common stock held. The rights, which will initially trade with the common stock, effectively allow Finisar stockholders to acquire Finisar common stock at a discount from the then current market value when a person or group acquires 20% or more of Finisar’s common stock without prior board approval. When the Rights become exercisable, Finisar stockholders, other than the acquiror, become entitled to exercise the Rights, at an exercise price of $14.00 per Right, for the purchase of one-thousandth of a share of Finisar Series RP Preferred Stock or, in lieu of the purchase of Series RP Preferred Stock, Finisar common stock having a market value of twice the exercise price of the Rights. Alternatively, when the Rights become exercisable, the board of directors may authorize the issuance of one share of Finisar common stock in exchange for each Right that is then exercisable. In addition, in the event of certain business combinations, the Rights permit the purchase of the common stock of an acquiror at a 50% discount. Rights held by the acquiror will become null and void in each case. Prior to a person or group acquiring 20%, the Rights can be redeemed for $0.001 each by action of the board of directors.
The rights plan contains an exception to the 20% ownership threshold for Finisar’s founder, Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, Frank H. Levinson. Under the terms of the rights plan, Dr. Levinson and certain related persons and trusts are permitted to acquire additional shares of Finisar common stock up to an aggregate amount of 30% of Finisar’s outstanding common stock, without prior Board approval.
| 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
Finisar’s 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan was adopted by the board of directors and approved by the stockholders in September 1999. A total of 750,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the plan, cumulatively increased by 750,000 shares on May 1, 2001 and each May 1 thereafter through May 1, 2010. Employees, including officers and employee directors, are eligible to participate in the plan if they are employed by Finisar for more than 20 hours per week and more than five months in any calendar year. The plan is implemented during sequential 12-month offering periods, generally commencing on or about December 1 of each year. In addition, a six-month offering period will generally commence on June 1 of each year.
The employee stock purchase plan permits eligible employees to purchase Finisar common stock through payroll deductions, which may not exceed 20% of the employee’s total compensation. Stock may be purchased under the plan at a price equal to 85% of the fair market value of Finisar common stock on either the first or the last day of the offering period, whichever is lower.
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| Stock Option Plans |
As discussed in Note 1 and as permitted under SFAS No. 123, Finisar has elected to follow APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in accounting for stock-based awards to employees.
During fiscal 1989 and 1999, Finisar adopted the 1989 and 1999 Stock Option Plans (the “Plans”). Under the Plans, options to purchase common stock may be granted at an exercise price of not less than 85% of the fair value of a share of common stock on the date of grant (110% of the fair value in certain instances) as determined by the board of directors. Options generally vest over five years and have a maximum term of 10 years. All options granted under the Plans are immediately exercisable. As of April 30, 2004 and 2003, 265,998 and 1,572,891 shares issued upon exercise of options are subject to repurchase.
Finisar’s 1999 Stock Option Plan was amended by the board of directors and approved by the stockholders in September 1999. The amendment increased the aggregate maximum number of shares that may be issued under the Plan on May 1, 2001 and each May 1 thereafter by a number of shares equal to 5% of the number of shares of Finisar’s common stock issued and outstanding as of the immediately preceding April 30, subject to certain restrictions on the aggregate maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to incentive stock options.
In connection with the acquisitions of Sensors Unlimited and Demeter, the Company agreed to limit the number of options that could be granted under the Company’s 1999 stock option plan. The Company also agreed to suspend the automatic annual increase in shares reserved for issuance under the 1999 stock option plan until the number of shares of its common stock authorized for issuance has been increased. Because of the limit to the number of options that could be granted under the 1999 stock option plan, options to purchase Finisar preferred stock were issued in conjunction with the assumption of all options outstanding upon the acquisition of Shomiti, Medusa and Transwave. These options on preferred stock were automatically convertible to options to purchase Finisar common stock on a one-for-three basis at such time as sufficient common stock was authorized for issuance. Following the stockholders’ approval of the increase in the number of shares of common stock authorized to be issued on June 19, 2001, the limit on the number of options that could be granted under the 1999 stock option plan and the suspension of the automatic annual increase in shares reserved for issuance were lifted, and the options for Finisar preferred stock were converted to options for Finisar common stock. In aggregate the Company authorized, after conversion of options for preferred stock, the issuance of options to purchase 1,848,239 shares of Finisar common stock in connection with the assumption of all options upon the acquisitions of Sensors Unlimited, Demeter, Shomiti, Medusa and Transwave. The new options that were issued carry forward the same vesting schedules as the underlying options assumed, which generally vest over four years.
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A summary of activity under the Plans is as follows:
| �� | ||||||||||||||||
| Options Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Options Available | Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||||
| Options for Common Stock | for Grant | Number of Shares | Price Per Share | Exercise Price | ||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2001 | 780,795 | 13,895,142 | $ | 0.0170-$32.500 | $ | 13.043 | ||||||||||
| Increase in authorized shares | 20,557,890 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Increase in authorized shares related to acquisitions | 975,374 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Options granted | (9,851,000 | ) | 9,851,000 | $ | 3.8400-$19.1100 | $ | 4.2289 | |||||||||
| Options converted from preferred options | (5,752,620 | ) | 5,752,620 | $ | 10.2300-$12.625 | $ | 1.4400 | |||||||||
| Options exercised | — | (965,923 | ) | $ | 3.6999-$23.0895 | $ | 1.1076 | |||||||||
| Options repurchased | 238,800 | — | $ | 0.0433-$1.0000 | $ | 0.3912 | ||||||||||
| Options canceled | 1,926,245 | (1,926,245 | ) | $ | 0.1600-$30.8750 | $ | 11.7534 | |||||||||
| Options expired | (212,286 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2002 | 8,663,198 | 26,606,594 | $ | 0.0170-$32.500 | $ | 7.1709 | ||||||||||
| Increase in authorized shares | 9,819,018 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Options granted | (23,833,800 | ) | 23,833,800 | $ | 0.4900-$01.7300 | $ | 1.3800 | |||||||||
| Options exercised | — | (220,265 | ) | $ | 0.0200-$04.0100 | $ | 0.6400 | |||||||||
| Options canceled | 24,005,956 | (24,005,956 | ) | $ | 0.0500-$32.5000 | $ | 8.2800 | |||||||||
| Shares repurchased | 342,597 | — | $ | 0.4400-$01.0000 | $ | 0.6400 | ||||||||||
| Options expired | (803,562 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2003 | 18,193,407 | 26,214,173 | $ | 0.0433-$22.5000 | $ | 3.3087 | ||||||||||
| Increase in authorized shares | 7,500,000 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Options granted | (25,028,803 | ) | 25,028,803 | $ | 1.7900-$03.2600 | $ | 1.9470 | |||||||||
| Options exercised | — | (3,468,165 | ) | $ | 0.0430-$04.0001 | $ | 1.3882 | |||||||||
| Options canceled | 4,201,787 | (4,201,787 | ) | $ | 0.1600-$22.1250 | $ | 3.6018 | |||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2004 | 4,866,391 | 43,573,024 | $ | 0.0433-$22.5000 | $ | 2.6557 | ||||||||||
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The following table summarizes information about options outstanding at April 30, 2004:
| Exercisable | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-Average | ||||||||||||||||
| Remaining | Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||||
| Exercise Price for Common Stock | Number Outstanding | Number Exercisable | Contractual Life | Exercise Price | ||||||||||||
| (In years) | ||||||||||||||||
| $00.0433-$00.7600 | 4,743,309 | 2,370,431 | 7.08 | $ | 00.2632 | |||||||||||
| $00.8400-$01.4800 | 2,265,100 | 834,980 | 8.21 | $ | 01.2165 | |||||||||||
| $01.5000-$01.5000 | 5,780,492 | 1,988,402 | 8.15 | $ | 01.5000 | |||||||||||
| $01.7300-$01.7300 | 2,260,000 | 452,000 | 8.10 | $ | 01.7300 | |||||||||||
| $01.7900-$01.7900 | 8,086,060 | 1,217,760 | 9.32 | $ | 01.7900 | |||||||||||
| $01.8000-$01.8000 | 8,979,244 | 4,219,695 | 9.14 | $ | 01.8000 | |||||||||||
| $01.9200-$02.9200 | 4,809,911 | 510,411 | 9.60 | $ | 02.0428 | |||||||||||
| $03.2600-$10.2300 | 5,048,532 | 2,204,894 | 7.41 | $ | 05.1545 | |||||||||||
| $11.0625-$22.1253 | 1,597,376 | 965,015 | 6.35 | $ | 19.9895 | |||||||||||
| $22.5000-$22.5000 | 3,000 | 1,800 | 6.16 | $ | 22.5000 | |||||||||||
| $0.0433-$22.5000 | 43,573,024 | 14,765,388 | 8.46 | $ | 03.1776 | |||||||||||
The weighted-average fair value of options granted for common stock was $1.06 during fiscal 2004 and $1.06 during fiscal 2003.
In connection with the acquisitions of Shomiti, Medusa and Transwave, the Company’s board of directors adopted the Finisar Corporation 2001 nonstatutory stock option plan which provided for the grant of nonstatutory options to purchase shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The 2001 stock option plan was primarily used for the grants of options to employees of Shomiti, Medusa and Transwave following completion of the acquisitions of these companies. The 2001 stock option plan also permits the Company to grant nonstatutory stock options to its other employees.
On June 19, 2001, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase in the authorized shares of the Company’s common stock and the options to purchase shares of Series A preferred stock were automatically converted into options to purchase common stock on a 3-for-1 basis upon the filing of an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State.
A summary of activity under the plan is as follows:
| Options Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Options | ||||||||||||||||
| Available | Number of | Weighted-Average | ||||||||||||||
| Options for Preferred Stock | for Grant | Shares | Price Per Share | Exercise Price | ||||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2001 | 354,914 | 1,735,077 | $ | 0.60-$37.875 | $ | 31.20 | ||||||||||
| Increase in authorized shares related to acquisitions | 182,463 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Options assumed in acquisitions | (182,463 | ) | 182,463 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.48 | |||||||||
| Options converted to common stock options | — | (1,917,540 | ) | $ | 0.48-$12.39 | $ | 4.32 | |||||||||
| Decrease in authorized shares | (354,914 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Balance at April 30, 2002, 2003 and 2004 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
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| Option Exchange Program |
In November 2002, the Company’s board of directors approved a voluntary stock option exchange program for eligible option holders. Under the program, eligible holders of the Company’s options who elected to participate had the opportunity to tender for cancellation outstanding options in exchange for new options to be granted on a future date at least six months and one day after the date of cancellation. Members of the Company’s board of directors were not eligible to participate in the program. The option exchange program terminated on December 17, 2002. As of that date, holders of options to purchase an aggregate of 11,816,890 shares of common stock tendered their shares for cancellation.
On June 19, 2003, new options to purchase an aggregate of 11,144,690 shares of common stock were granted at an exercise price of $1.80 per share, the closing price for the Company’s common stock on that date. Each new option preserves the vesting schedule and the vesting commencement date of the option it replaced. The Company did not record any accounting charges as a result of this stock option exchange program.
| Restricted Shares Issued for Promissory Notes |
Certain employees have exercised options to purchase shares of common stock in exchange for promissory notes. All notes are full recourse, are secured by the shares and bear interest at a rate of 6% per annum. The shares are restricted and are subject to a right of repurchase at the original exercise price in favor of the Company. This repurchase right lapses in accordance with the original vesting schedule of the option, which is generally five years. As of April 30, 2004 and 2003, 771,547 and 1,898,464 shares, respectively, issued upon exercise of options in exchange for secured promissory notes, were outstanding.
| Deferred Stock Compensation |
In connection with the grant of certain stock options to employees, Finisar recorded deferred stock compensation prior to the Company’s initial public offering, representing the difference between the deemed value of the Company’s common stock for accounting purposes and the option exercise price of these options at the date of grant. During fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002, the Company recorded additional deferred compensation related to the assumptions of stock options associated with companies acquired during those years. Deferred stock compensation is presented as a reduction of stockholders’ equity, with graded amortization recorded over the five year vesting period. The amortization expense relates to options awarded to employees in all operating expense categories. The following table summarizes the amount of deferred stock compensation expense which Finisar has recorded and the amortization it has recorded and expects to record in future periods in connection with grants of certain stock options to employees during fiscal 1999 and 2000 and assumptions of stock options associated with companies acquired during fiscal 2001 and 2002. Amounts to
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be recorded in future periods could decrease if options for which accrued but unvested compensation has been recorded are forfeited (in thousands):
| Deferred Stock | |||||||||
| Compensation | Amortization | ||||||||
| Generated | Expense | ||||||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 1999 | $ | 2,403 | $ | 427 | |||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 2000 | 12,959 | 5,530 | |||||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 2001 | 21,217 | 13,543 | |||||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 2002 | 1,065 | 11,963 | |||||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 2003 | (6,855 | ) | (1,719 | ) | |||||
| Fiscal year ended April 30, 2004 | (988 | ) | (105 | ) | |||||
| Fiscal year ending April 30, 2005 (unaudited) | — | 162 | |||||||
| Total | $ | 29,801 | $ | 29,801 | |||||
| 11. | Income Taxes |
The expense (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| Current: | |||||||||||||
| Federal | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (8,309 | ) | ||||||
| State | 319 | 229 | |||||||||||
| Foreign | 15 | ||||||||||||
| 334 | 229 | (8,309 | ) | ||||||||||
| Deferred: | |||||||||||||
| Federal | — | — | (27,802 | ) | |||||||||
| State | — | — | (2,455 | ) | |||||||||
| — | — | (30,257 | ) | ||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | $ | 334 | $ | 229 | $ | (38,566 | ) | ||||||
A reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) at the federal statutory rate to the income tax provision (benefit) at the effective tax rate is as follows:
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
| Expected income tax provision (benefit) at U.S. federal statutory rate | (35.00 | )% | (35.00 | )% | (35.00 | )% | ||||||
| Deferred compensation | (0.03 | ) | (0.03 | ) | 1.60 | |||||||
| Tax exempt interest | 0.00 | (0.26 | ) | (0.30 | ) | |||||||
| Valuation allowance | 34.97 | 8.09 | 1.80 | |||||||||
| Non-deductible amortization | 0.00 | 1.20 | 17.60 | |||||||||
| Non-deductible acquired in-process research and development | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.40 | |||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill | 0.00 | 25.98 | 0.00 | |||||||||
| Other | 0.35 | 0.06 | (1.00 | ) | ||||||||
| 0.29 | % | 0.04 | % | (14.90 | )% | |||||||
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The components of deferred taxes consist of the following (in thousands):
| April 30, | |||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | |||||||||
| Inventory reserve | $ | 7,150 | $ | 12,436 | |||||
| Accruals and reserves | 13,260 | 4,888 | |||||||
| Tax credits | 6,611 | 5,327 | |||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | 115,486 | 101,276 | |||||||
| Other | — | — | |||||||
| Total deferred tax assets | 142,507 | 123,927 | |||||||
| Valuation allowance | (128,230 | ) | (100,150 | ) | |||||
| Net deferred tax assets | 14,277 | 23,777 | |||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||
| Acquired intangibles | (10,909 | ) | (20,127 | ) | |||||
| Tax depreciation over book depreciation | (3,368 | ) | (3,650 | ) | |||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (14,277 | ) | (23,777 | ) | |||||
| Total net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
The valuation allowance increased by approximately $28.1 million, $73.1 million and $10.6 million in fiscal 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Approximately $9.9 million of the valuation allowance at April 30, 2004 is attributable to stock option deductions, the benefit of which will be credited to paid-in-capital when realized. Approximately $6.7 million of the valuation allowance at April 30, 2004 is attributable to stock option deductions that, when realized, will first reduce unamortized goodwill, then other non-current intangible assets of acquired subsidiaries.
At April 30, 2004, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $320.1 million and $149.0 million, respectively, and federal and state tax credit carryforwards of approximately $3.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in 2006, if not utilized.
Utilization of the Company’s net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations set forth in Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and similar state provisions. Such an annual limitation could result in the expiration of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards before utilization.
The Company has established a full valuation allowance to offset the net deferred tax assets. In part, the valuation allowance at April 30, 2004 reduced net deferred tax assets by amounts related to stock option deductions that are not currently realizable. A portion of the valuation allowance will be credited to paid-in capital, if any, when it is realized. The remaining portion of the valuation allowance, when realized, will first reduce unamortized goodwill, then other non-current intangible assets of acquired subsidiaries and then income tax expense. There can be no assurance that deferred tax assets subject to the valuation allowance will be realized.
| 12. | Segments and Geographic Information |
The Company designs, develops, manufactures and markets optical subsystems, components and test and monitoring systems for high-speed data communications. The Company views its business as having two
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principal operating segments, consisting of optical subsystems and components and network test and monitoring systems. Optical subsystems consist primarily of transmitters, receivers and transceivers sold to manufacturers of storage and networking equipment for storage area networks (SANs) and local area networks (LANs), multiplexers, demultiplexers and optical add/drop modules for use in metropolitan access networks (MAN) applications, and digital return path products for cable television networks (CATV) networks. The Company also sells a number of optical components manufactured by the Company and used in its optical subsystems to other equipment manufacturers. These components include photodetectors and positive intrinsic negative (PIN) receivers, lasers and passive components for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) applications. Network test and monitoring systems include products designed to test the reliability and performance of equipment for Fibre Channel, Gigabit Ethernet and the Infiniband protocols. These test and monitoring systems are sold to both manufacturers and end-users of the equipment.
Both of the Company’s operating segments and corporate sales report to the President and Chief Executive Officer. Where appropriate, the Company charges specific costs to these segments where they can be identified and allocates certain manufacturing costs, research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative costs to these operating segments, primarily on the basis of manpower levels or a percentage of sales. The Company does not allocate income taxes, non-operating income, acquisition related costs, stock compensation, interest income and interest expense to its operating segments. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. There are no intersegment sales.
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Information about reportable segment revenues and income are as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | $ | 160,025 | $ | 136,846 | $ | 112,333 | |||||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | 25,593 | 29,636 | 34,932 | ||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 185,618 | $ | 166,482 | $ | 147,265 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | |||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | $ | 30,116 | $ | 23,462 | $ | 11,579 | |||||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | 400 | 551 | 1,904 | ||||||||||
| Operating loss: | |||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | (54,250 | ) | (56,494 | ) | (79,126 | ) | |||||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | (2,711 | ) | (3,253 | ) | (5,474 | ) | |||||||
| Operating loss | (56,961 | ) | (59,747 | ) | (84,600 | ) | |||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | |||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | (19,239 | ) | (21,983 | ) | (27,119 | ) | |||||||
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | 105 | 1,719 | (11,963 | ) | |||||||||
| In-process research and development | (6,180 | ) | — | (2,696 | ) | ||||||||
| Amortization of other intangibles | (572 | ) | (758 | ) | (129,099 | ) | |||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets | — | (10,586 | ) | — | |||||||||
| Restructuring costs | (382 | ) | (9,378 | ) | — | ||||||||
| Other acquisition costs | (222 | ) | (198 | ) | (3,119 | ) | |||||||
| Interest income (expense), net | (25,701 | ) | (6,699 | ) | (68 | ) | |||||||
| Other non-operating income (expense), net | (4,347 | ) | (51,314 | ) | 1,360 | ||||||||
| Loss before income tax and cumulative effect of accounting change | $ | (113,499 | ) | $ | (158,944 | ) | $ | (257,304 | ) | ||||
The following is a summary of total assets by segment (in thousands):
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | $ | 302,128 | $ | 240,297 | ||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | 50,261 | 54,912 | ||||||
| Other | 142,316 | 128,397 | ||||||
| $ | 494,705 | $ | 423,606 | |||||
Cash, short-term, restricted and minority investments are the primary components of other in the above table.
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The following is a summary of operations within geographic areas based on the location of the entity purchasing the Company’s products (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended April 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
| Revenues from sales to unaffiliated customers: | |||||||||||||
| United States | $ | 136,504 | $ | 123,080 | $ | 114,354 | |||||||
| Rest of the world | 49,114 | 43,402 | 32,911 | ||||||||||
| $ | 185,618 | $ | 166,482 | $ | 147,265 | ||||||||
Revenues generated in the U.S. are all from sales to customers located in the United States.
The following is a summary of long-lived assets within geographic areas based on the location of the assets (in thousands):
| April 30, | |||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | ||||||||
| Long-lived assets | |||||||||
| United States | $ | 230,225 | $ | 197,564 | |||||
| Malaysia | 21,668 | 20,378 | |||||||
| Rest of the world | 2,871 | 5,295 | |||||||
| $ | 254,764 | $ | 223,237 | ||||||
The following is a summary of capital expenditure by reportable segment (in thousands):
| Fiscal Years Ended | ||||||||
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | $ | 13,219 | $ | 18,345 | ||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | $ | 269 | $ | 481 | ||||
| 13. | Pending Litigation |
A securities class action lawsuit was filed on November 30, 2001 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, purportedly on behalf of all persons who purchased the Company’s common stock from November 17, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The complaint named as defendants Finisar, Jerry S. Rawls, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Frank H. Levinson, the Company’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, Stephen K. Workman, the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and an investment banking firm that served as an underwriter for the Company’s initial public offering in November 1999 and a secondary offering in April 2000. The complaint, as subsequently amended, alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the prospectuses incorporated in the registration statements for the offerings failed to disclose, among other things, that (i) the underwriter had solicited and received excessive and undisclosed commissions from certain investors in exchange for which the underwriter allocated to those investors material portions of the shares of the Company’s stock sold in the offerings and (ii) the underwriter had entered into agreements with customers whereby the underwriter agreed to allocate shares of the Company’s stock sold in the offerings to those customers in exchange for which the customers agreed to purchase additional shares of the Company’s stock in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. No specific damages are claimed. Similar allegations have been made in lawsuits relating to more than 300 other initial public offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000, which
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were consolidated for pretrial purposes. In October 2002, all claims against the individual defendants were dismissed without prejudice. On February 19, 2003, the Court denied Finisar’s motion to dismiss the complaint. In July 2004, Finisar and the individual defendants accepted a settlement proposal made to all of the issuer defendants. Under the terms of the settlement, the plaintiffs will dismiss and release all claims against participating defendants in exchange for a contingent payment guaranty by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all the related cases, and the assignment or surrender to the plaintiffs of certain claims the issuer defendants may have against the underwriters. Under the guaranty, the insurers will be required to pay the amount, if any, by which $1 billion exceeds the aggregate amount ultimately collected by the plaintiffs from the underwriter defendants in all the cases. If the plaintiffs fail to recover $1 billion and payment is required under the guaranty, the Company would be responsible to pay its pro rata portion of the shortfall, up to the amount of the self-insured retention under its insurance policy, which may be up to $2 million. The timing and amount of payments that the Company could be required to make under the proposed settlement will depend on several factors, principally the timing and amount of any payment required by the insurers pursuant to the $1 billion guaranty. The settlement is subject to approval of the Court, which cannot be assured. If the settlement is not approved by the Court, the Company intends to defend the lawsuit vigorously. However, the litigation is in the preliminary stage, and we cannot predict its outcome. The litigation process is inherently uncertain. If the litigation proceeds and its outcome is adverse to the Company and if the Company is required to pay significant monetary damages, the Company’s business would be significantly harmed.
| 14. | Loss On Sale of Assets of Sensors Unlimited, Inc. |
In October 2000, the Company acquired Sensors Unlimited, Inc. At the time of the acquisition, Sensors Unlimited had developed optical subsystems used for industrial spectroscopy and military applications as well as an optical performance monitor for telecommunication WDM applications. Following the acquisition, the Company redirected the research and development efforts of Sensors Unlimited to develop key components to be incorporated in its optical receivers used for data communications applications including positive intrinsic negative receivers (PINs) and avalanche photodiodes (APDs).
On October 6, 2002, the Company entered into an agreement to sell certain assets and transfer certain liabilities of Sensors Unlimited to a new company organized by a management group led by Dr. Greg Olsen, then an officer and director of Finisar and a former majority owner of Sensors Unlimited. The Company retained ownership of the intellectual property developed at Sensors Unlimited and licensed certain technology needed by the acquirer to develop, manufacture and sell products used primarily for industrial spectroscopy and military applications. Because Finisar will no longer utilize certain intangible assets purchased in the original acquisition and because the Sensors Unlimited trade name was transferred to the acquirer, the Company wrote off these assets in conjunction with the sale. The sale was completed on October 15, 2002, at which time Dr. Olsen resigned as an officer and director of Finisar. The Company also released from escrow the remaining deferred consideration of 3,160,413 shares of common stock originally placed in escrow as part of the acquisition of Sensors Unlimited.
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The Company received $6.1 million in cash and a 19% equity interest in the acquiring company. For accounting purposes, no value has been placed on the 19% equity interest. The Company recorded a loss of $36.8 million in other income (expense) as a result of this transaction as follows (in thousands):
| Amount | ||||
| Proceeds from sale | $ | 6,100 | ||
| Net book value of tangible assets at time of sale | (12,852 | ) | ||
| Net book value of purchased developed technology | (25,967 | ) | ||
| Net book value of Sensors Unlimited tradename | (2,358 | ) | ||
| Performance shares released from escrow | (1,637 | ) | ||
| Other costs of the transaction | (125 | ) | ||
| Loss on sale | $ | (36,839 | ) | |
| 15. | Restructuring and Assets Impairments |
During fiscal 2003, the Company initiated actions to reduce its cost structure due to sustained negative economic conditions that had impacted its operations and resulted in lower than anticipated revenues. In May and October 2002, the Company reduced its workforce in the United States. The restructuring actions in fiscal 2003 resulted in a reduction in the U.S. workforce of approximately 255 employees, or 36% of the Company’s U.S. workforce measured as of the beginning of fiscal 2003, and affected all areas of the Company’s U.S. operations. During fiscal 2003, the Company sold its Sensors Unlimited subsidiary, closed its Hayward facility, and began the process of closing the facilities occupied by its Demeter subsidiary, all of which were a part of the Company’s optical subsystems and components reporting unit. All key functions were absorbed by the Company’s remaining facilities in the United States. As facilities in the United States were consolidated, related leasehold improvement and equipment were written off. As a result of these restructuring activities, a charge of $9.4 million was incurred in fiscal 2003. The restructuring charge included approximately $5.4 million for the write-off of leasehold improvements and equipment in the vacated buildings, approximately $1.8 million of severance-related charges, approximately $1.5 million of excess committed facilities payments and approximately $700,000 of miscellaneous costs required to effect the closures.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company completed the closure of its Demeter subsidiary. In addition, the Company began the process of closing its German operations and a reduction in the German workforce of approximately 10 employees in research and development in the optical subsystems and components reporting segment. As a result of these restructuring activities, a charge of $2.2 million was incurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2004. The restructuring charge included $800,000 of severance-related charges, approximately $600,000 of fees associated with the early termination of the Company’s facilities lease in Germany, approximately $450,000 for remaining payments for excess leased equipment and approximately $300,000 of miscellaneous costs incurred to effect the closures.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company completed the closure of its German facility. The intellectual property, technical know-how and certain assets related to the German operations were consolidated with the Company’s operations in Sunnyvale, California, during the second quarter. The Company incurred an additional $317,000 of net restructuring expenses in the second quarter. This amount included an additional $273,000 of restructuring expenses related to the closure of German operations, consisting of $373,000 for legal and exit fees associated with the closure, additional severance-related payments and the write-off of abandoned assets, partially offset by lower than anticipated fees associated with the termination of the German facilities lease of $100,000. The expenses related to the closure of the German facility were partially offset by an $85,000 reduction in restructuring expenses associated with the closure of the Demeter subsidiary offset by additional severance-related expenses.
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During the third quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company realized a benefit of $1.2 million related to restructuring expenses due to lower than anticipated fees and the consequent reversal of an associated accrual from the termination of an equipment purchase agreement related to the closure of the Demeter subsidiary. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company realized a benefit of $791,000 related to restructuring expenses due to lower than anticipated lease and facility clean-up costs related to the closure of the Demeter subsidiary.
The facilities consolidation charges were calculated using estimates and were based upon the remaining future lease commitments for vacated facilities from the date of facility consolidation, net of estimated future sublease income. The estimated costs of vacating these leased facilities were based on market information and trend analyses, including information obtained from third party real estate sources. The Company has engaged brokers to locate tenants to sublease the Hayward facility. As of April 30, 2004, $915,000 of committed facilities payments, net of anticipated sublease income, remains accrued and is expected to be fully utilized by fiscal 2006.
At April 30, 2004, $915,000 related to restructuring activities in fiscal 2003 and 2004 remained in other accrued liabilities for payment in future periods as follows (in thousands):
| Facilities | Severance | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hayward | Demeter | Germany | Total | Hayward | Demeter | Germany | Total | Hayward | Demeter | Germany | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal year 2003 actions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total charges | 3,056 | 4,492 | — | 7,548 | 1,174 | 656 | — | 1,830 | 4,230 | 5,148 | — | 9,378 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of charge | — | (1,199 | ) | — | (1,199 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (1,199 | ) | — | (1,199 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash payments | (791 | ) | (1,087 | ) | — | (1,878 | ) | (1,174 | ) | (656 | ) | — | (1,830 | ) | (1,965 | ) | (1,743 | ) | — | (3,708 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash charges | (1,351 | ) | (2,373 | ) | — | (3,724 | ) | — | — | — | — | (1,351 | ) | (2,373 | ) | — | (3,724 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance from fiscal year 2003 actions to April 30, 2004 | 914 | (167 | ) | — | 747 | — | — | — | — | 914 | (167 | ) | — | 747 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal year 2004 actions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total charges | — | 546 | 849 | 1,395 | — | 701 | 276 | 977 | — | 1,247 | 1,125 | 2,372 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reversal of charge | — | (791 | ) | — | (791 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (791 | ) | — | (791 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash payments | — | 413 | (849 | ) | (436 | ) | — | (701 | ) | (276 | ) | (977 | ) | — | (288 | ) | (1,125 | ) | (1,413 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance from fiscal year 2004 actions to April 30, 2004 | — | 168 | — | 168 | — | — | — | — | — | 168 | — | 168 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total accrual balance at April 30, 2004 | 914 | 1 | — | 915 | — | — | — | — | 914 | 1 | — | 915 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16. | Warranty |
The Company offers a one-year limited warranty for all of its products. The specific terms and conditions of these warranties vary depending upon the product sold. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs based on revenue recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.
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Changes in the Company’s warranty liability during the period are as follows (in thousands):
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | 867 | $ | 867 | ||||
| Additions during the period based on product sold | 928 | 867 | ||||||
| Settlements | (696 | ) | (275 | ) | ||||
| Changes in liability for pre-existing warranties including expirations | (115 | ) | (592 | ) | ||||
| Ending balance | $ | 984 | $ | 867 | ||||
| 17. | Pending Acquisition of Infineon Fiber Optics Business |
On April 29, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with Infineon Technologies AG to acquire Infineon’s fiber optics business unit, based in Berlin, Germany, for approximately 135,000,000 shares of Finisar common stock. The transaction involves the acquisition of facilities, product lines, equipment and intellectual property, including approximately 450 patent families, as well as approximately 1,200 employees. The shares of the Company’s common stock to be issued to Infineon in connection with the acquisition were valued at approximately $244.5 million on the date of the agreement and would represent approximately 38% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on a post-transaction basis. The transaction is expected to be completed in the third calendar quarter of 2004, and is subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders as well as customary regulatory approvals.
If the acquisition is consummated, it will be accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the results of operations of the Infineon fiber optics business unit (beginning with the closing date of the acquisition) and the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed will be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning with the quarter in which the closing takes place.
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FINISAR CORPORATION
FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY QUARTER (UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| April 30, | Jan. 31, | Oct. 31, | July 31, | April 30, | Jan. 31, | Oct. 31, | July 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 | 2002 | 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Optical subsystems and components | $ | 48,664 | $ | 40,741 | $ | 36,432 | $ | 34,188 | $ | 33,427 | $ | 31,929 | $ | 32,213 | $ | 39,277 | |||||||||||||||||
| Network test and monitoring systems | 8,331 | 5,675 | 6,344 | 5,243 | 6,358 | 6,818 | 8,690 | 7,770 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 56,995 | 46,416 | 42,776 | 39,431 | 39,785 | 38,747 | 40,903 | 47,047 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenues | 42,304 | 32,778 | 32,041 | 36,462 | 29,948 | 30,975 | 32,655 | 36,923 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired developed technology | 5,271 | 4,656 | 4,656 | 4,656 | 4,549 | 4,598 | 5,441 | 7,395 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit (loss) | 9,420 | 8,982 | 6,079 | (1,687 | ) | 5,288 | 3,174 | 2,807 | 2,729 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 14,734 | 12,849 | 13,695 | 20,915 | 16,948 | 11,837 | 15,994 | 15,516 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 6,301 | 4,905 | 4,557 | 4,300 | 4,540 | 3,966 | 5,570 | 6,156 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 3,912 | 4,517 | 4,356 | 3,953 | 3,501 | 3,517 | 4,333 | 3,850 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of (benefit from) deferred stock compensation | 133 | 115 | (49 | ) | (304 | ) | (1,252 | ) | 85 | (1,933 | ) | 1,381 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired in-process research and development | 6,180 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of goodwill and other purchased intangible assets | 143 | 143 | 143 | 143 | 143 | 143 | 143 | 329 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill and purchased intangible assets | — | — | — | — | — | 10,101 | — | 485 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring costs | (791 | ) | (1,199 | ) | 187 | 2,185 | 5,148 | 3,056 | 1,174 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other acquisition costs | (17 | ) | 45 | 149 | 45 | (9 | ) | 176 | (166 | ) | 197 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 30,595 | 21,375 | 23,038 | 31,237 | 29,019 | 32,881 | 25,115 | 27,914 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (21,175 | ) | (12,393 | ) | (16,959 | ) | (32,924 | ) | (23,731 | ) | (29,707 | ) | (22,308 | ) | (25,185 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest income (expense), net | (2,632 | ) | (2,535 | ) | (15,026 | ) | (5,508 | ) | (1,910 | ) | (1,865 | ) | (1,583 | ) | (1,341 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (640 | ) | (572 | ) | (555 | ) | (2,580 | ) | (449 | ) | (1,211 | ) | (39,316 | ) | (10,338 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Loss before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change | (24,447 | ) | (15,500 | ) | (32,540 | ) | (41,012 | ) | (26,090 | ) | (32,783 | ) | (63,207 | ) | (36,864 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 45 | 43 | 33 | 213 | 107 | 31 | 30 | 61 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change | (24,492 | ) | (15,543 | ) | (32,573 | ) | (41,225 | ) | (26,197 | ) | (32,814 | ) | (63,237 | ) | (36,925 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Cumulative effect of accounting change to adopt SFAS 142 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (460,580 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (24,492 | ) | $ | (15,543 | ) | $ | (32,573 | ) | $ | (41,225 | ) | $ | (26,197 | ) | $ | (32,814 | ) | $ | (63,237 | ) | $ | (497,505 | ) | |||||||||
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| Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
None
| Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures |
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal accounting officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
PART III
| Item 10. | Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant |
Directors
The following table sets forth our current directors and information concerning their age and background as of August 1, 2004.
| Director | ||||||||||
| Name | Position with Finisar | Age | Since | |||||||
| Class II directors whose terms expire at the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders: | ||||||||||
| Harold E. Hughes, Jr. | Director | 58 | 2004 | |||||||
| Frank H. Levinson | Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer | 51 | 1988 | |||||||
| Class III directors whose terms expire at the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders: | ||||||||||
| Michael C. Child | Director | 49 | 1998 | |||||||
| Jerry S. Rawls | Director, President and Chief Executive Officer | 60 | 1989 | |||||||
| Class I directors whose terms expire at the 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders: | ||||||||||
| Roger C. Ferguson | Director | 61 | 1999 | |||||||
| Larry D. Mitchell | Director | 61 | 1999 | |||||||
Michael C. Childhas been a member of our board of directors since November 1998. Mr. Child has been employed by TA Associates, Inc., a venture capital investment firm, since July 1982 where he currently serves as a Managing Director. Mr. Child holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Davis and an M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Roger C. Fergusonhas been a member of our board of directors since August 1999. From June 1999 to December 2001, Mr. Ferguson served as Chief Executive Officer of Semio Corp., an early stage software company. Mr. Ferguson has served as a principal in VenCraft, LLC, a venture capital partnership, since July 1997. From August 1993 to July 1997, Mr. Ferguson was Chief Executive Officer of DataTools, Inc., a database software company. From 1987 to 1993, Mr. Ferguson served as Chief Operating Officer for Network General Inc., a network analysis company. Mr. Ferguson also serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Semio Corp. Mr. Ferguson holds a B.A. in Psychology from Dartmouth College and an M.B.A. from the Amos Tuck School at Dartmouth.
Harold E. Hughes, Jr.was elected to our board of directors on June 2, 2004. Mr. Hughes has been an independent consultant since 2000. Mr. Hughes was employed by Intel Corporation, a semiconductor manufacturer, from 1974 through 1997 where he held several positions, including Chief Financial Officer (1989-1992) and Treasurer (1979-1986). From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Hughes founded and served as CEO of Pandesic, LLC, a firm providing web-based SAP systems. Mr. Hughes also serves as a director of Xilinx, Inc., a provider of programmable logic solutions, Berkeley Technology Ltd., formerly known as London Pacific
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Frank H. Levinsonfounded Finisar in April 1987 and has served as a member of our board of directors since February 1988 and as our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer since August 1999. Dr. Levinson also served as our Chief Executive Officer from February 1988 to August 1999. From September 1980 to December 1983, Dr. Levinson was a member of Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories. From January 1984 to July 1984, he was a Member of Technical Staff at Bellcore, a provider of services and products to the communications industry. From April 1985 to December 1985, Dr. Levinson was the principal optical scientist at Raychem Corporation, and from January 1986 to February 1988, he was Optical Department Manager at Raynet, Inc., a fiber optic systems company. Dr. Levinson serves as a director of Fabrinet, Inc., a privately held contract manufacturing company. Dr. Levinson holds a B.S. in Mathematics/ Physics from Butler University and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Virginia.
Larry D. Mitchellhas been a member of our board of directors since October 1999. Mr. Mitchell has been retired since October 1997. From October 1994 to October 1997, he served as a site General Manager in Roseville, California for Hewlett-Packard. Mr. Mitchell also serves on the Board of Directors of Placer Sierra Bancshares and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Placer Sierra Bank. Mr. Mitchell holds a B.A. in Engineering Science from Dartmouth College and an M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
Jerry S. Rawlshas served as a member of our board of directors since March 1989 and as our Chief Executive Officer since August 1999. Mr. Rawls has also served as our President since April 2003 and previously held that title from April 1989 to September 2002. From September 1968 to February 1989, Mr. Rawls was employed by Raychem Corporation, a materials science and engineering company, where he held various management positions including Division General Manager of the Aerospace Products Division and Interconnection Systems Division. Mr. Rawls holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Texas Tech University and an M.S. in Industrial Administration from Purdue University.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
The members of the Audit Committee during fiscal 2004 were Messrs. Child, Ferguson and Mitchell. In June 2004, Mr. Hughes was elected as an additional member of the Audit Committee. Our board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee meets the independence criteria set forth in the applicable rules of Nasdaq and the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for audit committee membership. The Board has also determined that all members of the Audit Committee possess the level of financial literacy required by applicable Nasdaq and SEC rules and that at least two members of the Audit Committee, Messrs. Ferguson and Hughes, are qualified as “audit committee financial experts” as defined by the SEC.
Executive Officers
Information concerning our current executive officers is found under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant” in Part I of this Form 10-K Report.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires our executive officers, directors and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of our common stock to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership with the SEC. Such persons are required by SEC regulations to furnish Finisar with copies of all Section 16(a) forms filed by such person.
Based solely on our review of such forms furnished to us and written representations from certain reporting persons, during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004 we believe that all filing requirements applicable to our executive officers, directors and more than 10% stockholders were complied with, except that one
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Code of Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”) that outlines the principles of legal and ethical business conduct under which Finisar does business. The Code, which is applicable to all of our directors, employees and officers, is available at http:// investor.finisar.com/corpgov.cfm. Any substantive amendment or waiver of the Code may be made only by the board of directors upon a recommendation of the Audit Committee, and will be disclosed on our website. In addition, disclosure of any waiver of the Code for directors and executive officers will also be made by the filing of a Form 8-K Report with the SEC.
| Item 11. | Executive Compensation |
| Summary Compensation Information |
The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and our four other most highly compensated executive officers, as of April 30, 2004, during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2004, 2003 and 2002.
Summary Compensation Table
| Long Term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Annual Compensation | Awards | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Annual | Securities | All Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary | Bonus | Compensation | Underlying Options | Compensation | |||||||||||||||||||
| Jerry S. Rawls | 2004 | $ | 202,500 | — | $ | 6,075 | 200,000 | (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| President and Chief | 2003 | 218,077 | — | 5,340 | 1,000,000 | (1) | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Executive Officer | 2002 | 225,000 | — | 4,805 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fariba Danesh(2) | 2004 | 301,346 | 7,534 | 750,000 | (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Vice President | 2003 | 20,827 | 100,000 | (3) | 274 | 750,000 | (1) | — | |||||||||||||||||
| and Chief Operating | 2002 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Officer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kevin Cornell(4) | 2004 | 217,854 | — | 500 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Vice President | 2003 | 40,312 | 44,727 | (3) | — | 400,000 | (1) | — | |||||||||||||||||
| and General Manager — | 2002 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Network Tools Division | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frank H. Levinson(5) | 2004 | 202,500 | — | 8,253 | 200,000 | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chief Technical Officer | 2003 | 72,349 | — | 13,253 | 1,000,000 | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2002 | 22,551 | — | 608 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stephen K. Workman | 2004 | 185,385 | 2,031 | 440,000 | (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Vice President, | 2003 | 193,846 | — | 1,685 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Finance, Chief Financial | 2002 | 200,000 | — | 1,846 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Officer and Secretary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Option vests at the rate of 20% per year over a period of five years. |
| (2) | Ms. Danesh became Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer in April 2003. Ms. Danesh resigned from Finisar in September 2004. |
| (3) | Signing bonus. |
| (4) | Mr. Cornell became Senior Vice President and General Manager, Network Tools Division, in July 2003. |
| (5) | Mr. Levinson voluntarily agreed to forego the payment of salary during portions of fiscal 2002 and 2003. |
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| Stock Options Granted in Fiscal 2004 |
The following table sets forth information regarding grants of stock options to the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table above during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004. All of these options were granted under our 1999 Stock Option Plan. The percentage of total options set forth below is based on an aggregate of 25,028,803 options granted during the fiscal year. All options were granted at the fair market value of our common stock, as determined by the board of directors on the date of grant. Potential realizable values are net of exercise price, but before taxes associated with exercise. Amounts represent hypothetical gains that could be achieved for the options if exercised at the end of the option term. The assumed 5% and 10% rates of stock price appreciation are provided in accordance with rules of the SEC and do not represent our estimate or projection of the future common stock price.
Options Granted in Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2004
| Individual Grants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Potential Realizable Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % of Total | at Assumed Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of | Options | Deemed | Rates of Stock Price | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities | Granted to | Value per | Appreciation for | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Underlying | Employees | Exercise | Share at | Option Term | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Options | in Fiscal | Price | Expiration | Date of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Granted(1) | Year | ($/Share) | Date | Grant | 5% | 10% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Jerry S. Rawls | 200,000 | 0.81 | $ | 1.95 | 08/27/13 | $ | 1.95 | $ | 245,268 | $ | 621,559 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fariba Danesh | 100,000 | 0.41 | 1.95 | 08/27/13 | 1.95 | 122,634 | 310,779 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 650,000 | 2.64 | 2.18 | 09/05/13 | 2.18 | 891,143 | 3,258,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kevin Cornell | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Frank H. Levinson | 200,000 | 0.81 | 1.95 | 08/27/13 | 1.95 | 245,268 | 621,559 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stephen K. Workman | 265,000 | 1.48 | 1.80 | 06/19/13 | 1.80 | 413,183 | 1,047,088 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 75,000 | 0.30 | 1.95 | 08/27/13 | 1.95 | 91,975 | 233,084 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | These options vest at the rate of 20% per year over a period of five years. |
| Option Exercises and Fiscal 2004 Year-End Values |
The following table provides the specified information concerning exercises of options to purchase our common stock during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004, and unexercised options held as of April 30, 2004, by the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table above.
Aggregate Option Exercises in Fiscal 2004 and Values at April 30, 2004
| Number of Securities | Value of Unexercised | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Underlying Unexercised Options | In-The Money Options at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| at Fiscal Year End | Fiscal Year End(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Acquired | Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | on Exercise | Realized | Exercisable(2) | Unexercisable(2) | Exercisable(2) | Unexercisable(2) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jerry S. Rawls | — | — | 200,000 | 1,000,000 | $ | 8,000 | $ | 32,000 | ||||||||||||||||
| Fariba Danesh | — | — | 280,000 | 1,220,000 | 151,500 | 606,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Kevin Cornell | — | — | 80,000 | 320,000 | 74,400 | 297,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Frank H. Levinson | — | — | 200,000 | 1,000,000 | 8,000 | 32,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Stephen K. Workman | — | — | 119,000 | 321,000 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Based on a fair market value of $1.77, the closing price of our common stock on April 30, 2004, as reported by the Nasdaq National Market. |
| (2) | Stock options granted under the 1999 Stock Option Plan prior to our initial public offering of common stock in November 1999 are generally immediately exercisable at the date of grant, but shares received upon exercise of unvested options are subject to repurchase by us. Options granted after the date of our initial public offering under the 1999 Plan are generally not immediately exercisable at the date of grant and vest at the rate of 20% per year over a period of five years. |
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Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and Change-In-Control Arrangements
Jerry S. Rawls, Frank H. Levinson, David Buse, Kevin Cornell, Fariba Danesh, Anders Olsson and Stephen K. Workman are eligible to participate in the Finisar Executive Retention and Severance Plan. This plan provides that in the event of a qualifying termination each of the participating executives will be entitled to receive (i) a lump sum payment equal to two years’ base salary (excluding bonus) and (ii) medical, dental and insurance coverage for two years, or reimbursement of premiums for COBRA continuation coverage during such period. A qualifying termination is defined as an involuntary termination other than for cause or a voluntary termination for good reason upon or within 18 months following a change in control, as such terms are defined in the executive severance plan. In addition, the plan provides that the vesting of stock options held by eligible officers will be accelerated as follows: (i) one year of accelerated vesting upon a change of control, if the options are assumed by a successor corporation, (ii) 100% accelerated vesting if the options are not assumed by a successor corporation, and (iii) 100% accelerated vesting upon a qualifying termination.
Additionally, pursuant to the 1999 Stock Option Plan, upon a change in control, as defined therein, the vesting of options not assumed or substituted by the surviving corporation will accelerate and the options will become immediately exercisable and vested in full.
Compensation of Directors
Non-employee directors receive an annual retainer of $17,500, $1,500 for attendance in person at each meeting of the board of directors or committee meeting (with meetings of the board of directors and all committees held within any 24 hour period considered to be a single meeting) and $500 for attendance at such meetings via telephone. In addition, members of the Audit Committee receive an annual retainer of $5,000, and the Chairman of the Audit Committee receives $2,500 for annual service in such capacity. Non-employee directors are also eligible to receive stock options. We reimburse directors for their reasonable expenses incurred in attending meetings of the board of directors.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation in Compensation Decisions
The Compensation Committee for fiscal 2004 was composed of Michael C. Child and Roger C. Ferguson. In June 2004, Harold E. Hughes, Jr. and Larry D. Mitchell were elected as additional members of the Compensation Committee. No member of our Compensation Committee serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or Compensation Committee.
REPORT OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Compensation Philosophy
The goals of our compensation policy are to attract, retain and reward executive officers who contribute to our overall success by offering compensation that is competitive in the networking industry, to motivate executives to achieve our business objectives and to align the interests of officers with the long-term interests of stockholders. We currently use salary, bonuses and stock options to meet these goals.
Forms of Compensation
We provide our executive officers with a compensation package consisting of base salary, incentive bonuses and participation in benefit plans generally available to other employees. In setting total compensation, the Compensation Committee considers individual and company performance, as well as market information regarding compensation paid by other companies in our industry.
Base Salary. Salaries for our executive officers are initially set based on negotiation with individual executive officers at the time of recruitment and with reference to salaries for comparable positions in the networking industry for individuals of similar education and background to the executive officers being
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Bonuses. It is our policy that a substantial component of each officer’s potential annual compensation take the form of a performance-based bonus. Bonus payments to officers other than the Chief Executive Officer are determined by the Compensation Committee, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer, based on our financial performance and the achievement of the officer’s individual performance objectives. The Chief Executive Officer’s bonus is determined by the Compensation Committee, without participation by the Chief Executive Officer, based on the same factors.
Long-Term Incentives. Longer term incentives are provided through stock options, which reward executives and other employees through the growth in value of our stock. The Compensation Committee believes that employee equity ownership is highly motivating, provides a major incentive for employees to build stockholder value and serves to align the interests of employees with those of stockholders. Grants of stock options to executive officers are based upon each officer’s relative position, responsibilities, historical and expected contributions to Finisar, and the officer’s existing stock ownership and previous option grants, with primary weight given to the executive officers’ relative rank and responsibilities. Initial stock option grants designed to recruit an executive officer to join Finisar may be based on negotiations with the officer and with reference to historical option grants to existing officers. Stock options are granted at an exercise price equal to the market price of our common stock on the date of grant and will provide value to the executive officers only when the price of our common stock increases over the exercise price.
Compliance with Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m). Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code restricts deductibility of executive compensation paid to our Chief Executive Officer and each of the four other most highly compensated executive officers holding office at the end of any year to the extent such compensation exceeds $1,000,000 for any of such officers in any year and does not qualify for an exception under Section 162(m) or related regulations. The Compensation Committee’s policy is to qualify its executive compensation for deductibility under applicable tax laws to the extent practicable. Income related to stock options granted under the 1999 Stock Option Plan generally qualifies for an exemption from these restrictions imposed by Section 162(m). In the future, the Compensation Committee will continue to evaluate the advisability of qualifying its executive compensation for full deductibility.
2004 Compensation
Compensation for our Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers for fiscal 2004 was set according to the established compensation policy described above. At the end of fiscal 2004, we determined that no performance bonuses would be paid to our executive officers; however, we approved the reversal of a 10% salary reduction for the Chief Executive Officer and certain other executive officers that had been in effect since 2002, such reversal to be effective as of May 1, 2004.
| COMPENSATION COMMITTEE | |
| Michael C. Child | |
| Roger C. Ferguson | |
| Harold E. Hughes, Jr. | |
| Larry D. Mitchell |
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COMPARISON OF STOCKHOLDER RETURN
Set forth below is a line graph comparing the annual percentage change in the cumulative total return on our common stock with the cumulative total returns of the CRSP Total Return Index for the Nasdaq Stock Market and the Amex Networking Index for the period commencing on November 12, 1999 and ending on April 30, 2004.
COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN FROM
[PERFORMANCE GRAPH]
| November 12, | April 28, | April 30, | April 30, | April 30, | April 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Finisar | $ | 100.00 | $ | 589.00 | $ | 236.05 | $ | 100.91 | $ | 14.69 | $ | 27.96 | ||||||||||||||
| Nasdaq Index | $ | 100.00 | $ | 119.13 | $ | 65.09 | $ | 52.41 | $ | 45.80 | $ | 59.86 | ||||||||||||||
| NWX | $ | 100.00 | $ | 139.61 | $ | 61.14 | $ | 29.33 | $ | 22.05 | $ | 32.19 | ||||||||||||||
| (1) | Assumes that $100.00 was invested on November 12, 1999, at the offering price on the date of our initial public offering, in our common stock and each index. No cash dividends have been declared on our common stock. Stockholder returns over the indicated period should not be considered indicative of future stockholder returns. |
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| Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
The following table sets forth information known to us regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of June 30, 2004 by:
| • | each stockholder who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock; | |
| • | each of our executive officers listed on the Summary Compensation Table under “Executive Compensation and Related Matters;” | |
| • | each of our directors; and | |
| • | all of our executive officers and directors as a group: |
| Shares of Common Stock | ||||||||
| Beneficially Owned(1) | ||||||||
| Name of Beneficial Owner(1) | Number | Percentage | ||||||
| Frank H. Levinson(2) | 28,561,319 | 12.75 | % | |||||
| Jerry S. Rawls(3) | 6,148,604 | 2.75 | ||||||
| Stephen K. Workman(4) | 749,082 | * | ||||||
| Fariba Danesh(5) | 479,693 | * | ||||||
| Kevin Cornell(6) | 80,000 | * | ||||||
| Larry D. Mitchell(7) | 112,500 | * | ||||||
| Roger C. Ferguson(8) | 108,000 | * | ||||||
| Michael C. Child(9) | 55,836 | * | ||||||
| Harold E. Hughes, Jr. | 0 | * | ||||||
| All executive officers and directors as a group (11 persons)(10) | 36,298,034 | 16.13 | % | |||||
| * | Less than 1%. |
| (1) | Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each of the named individuals is: c/o Finisar Corporation, 1308 Moffett Park Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. All shares of common stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004 are deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding those options for the purpose of computing the number of shares beneficially owned and the percentage of ownership of that person. They are not, however, deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. |
| Accordingly, percent ownership is based on 223,536,671 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2004 plus any shares issuable pursuant to options held by the person or group in question which may be exercised within 60 days following June 30, 2004. Except as indicated in the other footnotes to the table and subject to applicable community property laws, based on information provided by the persons named in the table, these persons have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of the common stock shown as beneficially owned by them. |
| (2) | Includes 21,636,319 shares held by the Frank H. Levinson Revocable Living Trust and 6,485,000 shares held by Seti Trading Co., Inc., a company owned 50% by the Frank H. Levinson Revocable Living Trust and 50% by a trust for which Mr. Levinson’s ex-wife serves as sole trustee. Does not include 2,654,618 shares held by the trustee of the Irrevocable Trust of Frank H. Levinson and Wynnette Levinson dated July 15, 1999, 300,000 shares held by Mr. Levinson’s adult children and 3,975,000 shares held by trusts for Mr. Levinson’s children, as to which shares Mr. Levinson disclaims beneficial ownership. Includes 440,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. |
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| (3) | Includes 2,832,401 shares held by The Rawls Family, L.P. Mr. Rawls is the president of the Rawls Management Corporation, the general partner of The Rawls Family, L.P. Includes 440,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. | |
| (4) | Includes 207,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. | |
| (5) | Includes 300,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. Ms. Danesh resigned from Finisar in September 2004. | |
| (6) | Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. | |
| (7) | Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. | |
| (8) | Includes 18,000 shares which are subject to a right of repurchase in favor of Finisar which lapses over time and 8,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. | |
| (9) | Includes 8,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. |
| (10) | Includes 18,000 shares subject to a right of repurchase in favor of Finisar and 1,563,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options exercisable within 60 days following June 30, 2004. |
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
We currently maintain three compensation plans that provide for the issuance of our common stock to officers, directors, other employees or consultants. These consist of the 1999 Stock Option Plan and the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which have been approved by our stockholders, and the 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (the “2001 Plan”), which has not been approved by our stockholders. The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding options and shares reserved for future issuance under the foregoing plans as of April 30, 2004:
| Number of Shares | ||||||||||||
| Number of Shares to | Remaining Available for | |||||||||||
| be Issued Upon | Weighted-Average | Future Issuance Under | ||||||||||
| Exercise of | Exercise Price of | Equity Compensation | ||||||||||
| Outstanding Options, | Outstanding Options, | Plans (Excluding Shares | ||||||||||
| Warrants and Rights | Warrants and Rights | Reflected in Column (a)) | ||||||||||
| Plan Category(1) | (a) | (b) | (c) | |||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders | 41,057,605 | $ | 2.55 | 5,694,869 | (2) | |||||||
| Equity compensation plan not approved by stockholders | 3,354,876 | $ | 3.90 | 2,199,770 | ||||||||
| (1) | The information presented in this table excludes options assumed by Finisar in connection with acquisitions of other companies. As of April 30, 2004, 124,660 shares of our common stock were issuable upon exercise of these assumed options, at a weighted average exercise price of $2.11 per share. |
| (2) | Includes 750,086 shares that are reserved for issuance under the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. |
Option Exchange Program
On November 8, 2002, we announced that our board of directors had approved a voluntary stock option exchange program for eligible option holders. Under the program, eligible holders of Finisar’s options who elected to participate had the opportunity to tender for cancellation outstanding options in exchange for new options to be granted on a future date that is at least six months and one day after the date of cancellation. Members of our board of directors were not eligible to participate in the program. The option exchange program terminated on December 17, 2002. As of that date, holders of options to purchase an aggregate of 11,816,890 shares of common stock tendered their options for cancellation.
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On June 19, 2003, new options to purchase an aggregate of 11,144,690 shares of common stock were granted at an exercise price of $1.80 per share, the closing price for our common stock on that date. Each new option preserves the vesting schedule and the vesting commencement date of the option it replaced.
Material Features of the 2001 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan
As of April 30, 2004, 5,554,646 shares of our common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2001 Plan. The 2001 Plan was adopted by our board on February 16, 2001 and provides for the granting of nonstatutory stock options to employees and consultants with an exercise price per share not less than 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. However, no person is eligible to be granted an option under the 2001 Plan whose eligibility would require approval of the 2001 Plan by our stockholders. Options granted under the 2001 Plan generally have a 10-year term and vest at the rate of 20% of the shares on the first anniversary of the date of grant and 20% of the shares each additional year thereafter until fully vested. Some of the options that have been granted under the 2001 Plan are subject to full acceleration of vesting in the event of a change in control of Finisar.
Voting Agreements
In connection with the execution of the agreement with Infineon to acquire Infineon’s fiber optics business unit, Jerry S. Rawls, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Frank H. Levinson, our Chairman and Chief Technical Officer, have entered into voting agreements with Infineon pursuant to which, among other things, each of them agreed, solely in his capacity as a stockholder, to vote all of his shares of Finisar common stock (i) in favor of the acquisition of the Infineon fiber optics business unit and the purchase agreement, and any matter which would, or could reasonably by expected to, facilitate the acquisition (including the issuance of the shares of Finisar common stock to Infineon) and (ii) against any action, proposal, agreement or transaction in opposition to or in competition with consummation of the acquisition and the purchase agreement or which would, or could reasonably be expected to, prohibit, delay, interfere with or discourage the acquisition. In addition, each of these stockholders agreed to be present in person or by proxy at all of our stockholder meetings so that all of their voting securities will be counted for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum. As of June 30, 2004, Messrs. Rawls and Levinson owned an aggregate of 34.7 million shares of Finisar common stock, representing approximately 15.5% of the outstanding shares.
Pursuant to these voting agreements, subject to certain exceptions, Messrs. Rawls and Levinson also agreed not to transfer the Finisar common stock and options owned or acquired, either directly or indirectly, by them or their voting rights with respect to such shares until the earlier of the termination of the purchase agreement or the completion of the acquisition of the Infineon fiber optics business unit, unless such transfer is made in compliance with the voting agreements.
In addition, pursuant to these voting agreements, Messrs. Rawls and Levinson each agreed, following the closing of the acquisition, to be present and vote their shares in favor of the election of the nominee of Infineon (designated pursuant to the stockholder agreement discussed below) as a member of our board of directors at each meeting of our stockholders at which directors are to be elected.
Except for the provisions relating to the election to our board of directors of a nominee designated by Infineon, these voting agreements will terminate upon the earlier to occur of the termination of the purchase agreement or the completion of the acquisition. The voting agreements will terminate in their entirety at such time as Infineon holds less than 5% of our outstanding voting stock.
| Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions |
In March 1999, we granted Stephen K. Workman, our Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary, an option to purchase an aggregate of 200,000 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $1.31 per share. Mr. Workman exercised this option in full in April 1999. The exercise price was paid by Mr. Workman by delivery to us of a promissory note in the principal amount of $252,000 bearing interest at the rate of 6% per annum, which was collateralized by shares of our common stock owned by Mr. Workman. This promissory note was paid in full in May 2004.
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Frank H. Levinson, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer, is a member of the board of directors of Fabrinet, Inc. In June 2000, we entered into a volume supply agreement with Fabrinet under which Fabrinet serves as a contact manufacturer for us. In addition, Fabrinet purchases certain products from us. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2004, we made payments of approximately $42.4 million to Fabrinet and Fabrinet made payments of approximately $2.1 million to us.
| Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
The following table sets forth the aggregate fees billed to Finisar for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2004 and April 30, 2003 by Finisar’s principal accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP:
| Year Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
| April 30, 2004 | April 30, 2003 | |||||||
| Audit fees(1) | $ | 934,545 | $ | 887,000 | ||||
| Audit-related fees(2) | 146,744 | 123,000 | ||||||
| Tax fees(3) | 193,446 | 83,000 | ||||||
| All other fees(4) | 32,210 | |||||||
| Total Fees | $ | 1,306,945 | $ | 1,093,000 | ||||
| (1) | Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of Finisar’s consolidated annual financial statements and the review of the interim consolidated financial statements included in quarterly reports and services that are normally provided by Ernst & Young LLP in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements, and attest services. |
| (2) | Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of Finisar’s consolidated financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” This category includes fees related to field verification of royalties from licensees, employee benefit plan audits and, in fiscal 2004, consultations in connection with acquisitions, including the pending acquisition of the Infineon Fiber Optics Business, and consultations concerning financial reporting. |
| (3) | Tax fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning (domestic and international). These services include assistance regarding federal, state and international tax compliance, acquisitions and international tax planning. |
| (4) | All other fees consist of fees for products and services other than the services described above. In fiscal 2004, this category included fees related to the closing of a subsidiary and expatriate advisory services. There were no such fees in fiscal 2003. |
The Audit Committee has determined that all services performed by Ernst & Young LLP are compatible with maintaining the independence of Ernst & Young LLP. The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by our independent auditors. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services. Pre-approval is generally provided for up to one year and any pre-approval is detailed as to the particular service or category of services. The independent auditor and management are required to periodically report to the Audit Committee regarding the extent of services provided by the independent auditor in accordance with this pre-approval.
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PART IV
| Item 15. | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K |
(a)(1) Financial Statements
See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule at page 50 of this report.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The following consolidated financial statement schedule of Finisar is filed as part of this report and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes.
| Page | ||||
| SCHEDULE II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | 109 | |||
Schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
The exhibits listed in the Index to Exhibits are filed as part of this report (see page 110).
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
We filed a Report on Form 8-K dated April 29, 2004 to announce the execution of an agreement between Finisar Corporation and Infineon Technologies AG for the acquisition of Infineon’s fiber optics business unit.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Sunnyvale, State of California, on this 10th day of February, 2005.
| FINISAR CORPORATION |
| BY: | * |
| JERRY S. RAWLS | |
| President And Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
| Signature | Title | Date | ||||
| * Jerry S. Rawls | President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| * Frank H. Levinson | Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| /s/ STEPHEN K. WORKMAN Stephen K. Workman | Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| * Michael C. Child | Director | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| * Roger C. Ferguson | Director | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| * Larry D. Mitchell | Director | February 10, 2005 | ||||
| *By: | /s/ STEPHEN K. WORKMAN Stephen K. Workman Attorney-in-Fact | |||||
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FINISAR CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
| Additions | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at | Charged to | Charged to | Balance at | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning | Costs and | Other | Deductions — | End of | |||||||||||||||||
| of Period | Expenses | Accounts | Write-Offs | Period | |||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2004 | 1,487 | 547 | — | 399 | 1,669 | ||||||||||||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2003 | 1,885 | (278 | ) | — | 120 | 1,487 | |||||||||||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2002 | 1,229 | 1,019 | — | 363 | 1,885 | ||||||||||||||||
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EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit | ||||
| Number | Description of Document | |||
| 2 | .4 | Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Finisar Corporation, Transwave Fiber, Inc. and certain principal shareholders of Transwave, dated as of March 19, 2001(1) | ||
| 2 | .5* | Asset Purchase Agreement by and among Honeywell International Inc., Honeywell Intellectual Properties Inc. and Finisar Corporation dated as of January 24, 2004 | ||
| 2 | .6* | Master Sale and Purchase Agreement by and between Infineon Technologies AG and Finisar Corporation, dated April 29, 2004 | ||
| 3 | .4 | Amended Bylaws of Registrant(2) | ||
| 3 | .5 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant(3) | ||
| 3 | .6 | Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant, filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on June 19, 2001(4) | ||
| 3 | .7 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant(4) | ||
| 3 | .8 | Certificate of Elimination regarding the Registrant’s Series A Preferred Stock(5) | ||
| 3 | .9 | Certificate of Designation(6) | ||
| 4 | .1 | Specimen certificate representing the common stock(3) | ||
| 4 | .2 | Form of Rights Agreement between the Company and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent (including asExhibit Athe form of Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Terms of the Series RP Preferred Stock, asExhibit Bthe form of Right Certificate, and asExhibit Cthe Summary of Terms of Rights Agreement)(7) | ||
| 4 | .3 | Indenture between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, a national banking association, dated October 15, 2001(8) | ||
| 4 | .4 | Indenture between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, a national banking association, dated October 15, 2003(9) | ||
| 10 | .1 | Form of Indemnity Agreement between Registrant and Registrant’s directors and officers(3) | ||
| 10 | .2 | 1989 Stock Option Plan(3) | ||
| 10 | .3 | 1999 Stock Option Plan(10) | ||
| 10 | .4 | 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan(10) | ||
| 10 | .13 | Building Lease for 1308 Moffett Park Drive, Sunnyvale, CA, dated May 26, 1999 between Registrant and Aetna Life Insurance Company(3) | ||
| 10 | .16 | Collateral Pledge and Security Agreement among the Company, U.S. Bank Trust National Association and U.S. Bank National Association, dated October 15, 2001(8) | ||
| 10 | .17 | Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Initial Purchasers of the Company’s 5 1/4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2008, dated October 15, 2001(8) | ||
| 10 | .18 | Collateral Pledge and Security Agreement among the Company, U.S. Bank Trust National Association and U.S. Bank National Association, dated October 15, 2003(9) | ||
| 10 | .19 | Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Initial Purchasers of the Company’s 2 1/2% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2010, dated October 15, 2003(9) | ||
| 10 | .20* | Registration Rights Agreement between Infineon Technologies AG and Finisar Corporation dated April 29, 2004 | ||
| 10 | .21 | Executive Retention and Severance Plan | ||
| 21 | .1* | List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant | ||
| 23 | .1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors | ||
| 31 | .1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
| 31 | .2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
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| Exhibit | ||||
| Number | Description of Document | |||
| 32 | .1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
| 32 | .2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
| (1) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 16, 2001. |
| (2) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed December 1, 2001 (File No. 333-52546). |
| (3) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed October 19, 1999 (File No. 333-87017). |
| (4) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed July 18, 2001. |
| (5) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.8 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed December 18, 2001 (File No. 333-75380). |
| (6) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G filed on September 27, 2002. |
| (7) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 27, 2002. |
| (8) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended October 31, 2001 filed December 12, 2001. |
| (9) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended October 31, 2003 filed December 10, 2003. |
| (10) | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 13, 1999 (File No. 333-87017). |
| * | Previously Filed. |
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