SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES a. Basis of Presentation - The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred net losses of approximately $43.5 million since inception, including a net loss of approximately $286,974 for the three months ended August 31, 2016. Additionally, the Company still had both working capital and stockholders deficiencies at August 31, 2016 and May 31, 2016 and negative cash flow from operations since inception. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. Management expects to incur additional losses in the foreseeable future and recognizes the need to raise capital to remain viable. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. b. Principles of consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Parent, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which include AES and Arkados. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. c. Revenue Recognition Arkados The Company enters into arrangements with end users for items which may include software license fees, services, maintenance and royalties or various combinations thereof. For each arrangement, revenues will be recognized when evidence of an agreement has been documented, the fees are fixed or determinable, collection of fees is probable, delivery of the product has occurred and no other significant obligations remain. Revenues from software licensing are recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 985-605, Software Revenue Recognition. Accordingly, revenue from software licensing is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is probable. License revenues are recognized at the time of delivery of the software and all other revenue recognition criteria discussed above have been met. Deferred revenue represents license revenues billed but not yet earned. Sales of products are recognized when the products are shipped and the customer takes risk of ownership and assumes the risk of loss. Royalty income is recognized as it is earned and recorded when reported by the customer. AES Sales of products are recognized when the products are shipped and the customer takes risk of ownership and assumes the risk of loss. Service revenue is recognized when the service is completed. Deferred revenue represents revenues billed but not yet earned. d. Cash and cash equivalents - The Company considers investments in highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents at both August 31, 2016 and May 31, 2016. e. Accounts receivable - Accounts receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances net of allowances for uncollectible accounts. The Company provides for allowances for uncollectible receivables based on managements estimate of uncollectible amounts considering age, collection history, and any other factors considered appropriate. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when a balance is determined to be uncollectible. At August 31, 2016 and May 31, 2016, the Company determined that an allowance for doubtful accounts was not needed. f. Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying amounts of debt were also estimated to approximate fair value. As defined in ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures," fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurement). This fair value measurement framework applies at both initial and subsequent measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by ASC 820 are as follows: Level 1 Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, marketable securities and listed equities. Level 2 Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category generally include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as commodity swaps, interest rate swaps, options and collars. Level 3 Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in managements best estimate of fair value. g. Earnings (Loss) Per Share (EPS) - Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS includes the effect from potential issuance of common stock, such as stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options and warrants and the assumed conversion of convertible notes. The following table summarizes the securities that were excluded from the diluted per share calculation because the effect of including these potential shares was antidilutive even though the exercise price could be less than the average market price of the common shares. Three Months ended August 31, 2016 2015 Convertible notes 86,580 114,795 Stock options 5,112,500 2,312,500 Warrants 5,225,987 4,776,320 Potentially dilutive securities 10,425,067 7,203,615 h. Stock Based Compensation - In computing the impact, the fair value of each option and/or warrant is estimated on the date of grant based on the Black-Scholes options-pricing model utilizing certain assumptions for a risk-free interest rate; volatility; and expected remaining lives of the awards. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards represent managements best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and the Company uses different assumptions, the Companys stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, the Company is required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and only recognize expense for those shares expected to vest. In estimating the Companys forfeiture rate, the Company analyzed its historical forfeiture rate, the remaining lives of unvested options, and the amount of vested options as a percentage of total options outstanding. If the Companys actual forfeiture rate is materially different from its estimate, or if the Company reevaluates the forfeiture rate in the future, the stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what we have recorded in the current period. There are no issuances of the Companys common stock, warrants, and options during the three months ended August 31, 2016 and as a result there was no stock based compensation incurred during the period. Stock based compensation expense was $0 for the three months ended August 31, 2016 and August 31, 2015. i. Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity based transactions and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. j. Inventory - Inventory, which consists of finished goods and work-in-process (WIP) of AES, is valued at the lower of cost on a first-in, first-out basis or market. Inventory consists of the following at August 31, 2016 and May 31, 2016. August 31, May 31, 2016 2016 (unaudited) Finished goods $ 60,012 $ 60,012 Work-in-process (unbilled labor and consulting) 81,185 60,398 $ 141,197 $ 120,410 k. Property and equipment Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using straight-line and accelerated methods over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Expenditures that enhance the useful lives of the assets are capitalized and depreciated. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When properties are retired or otherwise disposed of, related costs and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. l. Research and Development All research and development costs are expensed as incurred. m. Foreign Currency Transactions The Company accounts for foreign currency translation pursuant to ASC 830. The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar. Under ASC 830, all assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into United States dollars using the current exchange rate at the end of each fiscal period. Revenues and expenses are translated using the average exchange rates prevailing throughout the respective periods. All transaction gains and losses from the measurement of monetary balance sheet items denominated in foreign currencies are reflected in the statement of operations as gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions. n. New Accounting Pronouncements In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is to be applied for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those annual periods, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance requires companies to apply the requirements retrospectively, modified retrospectively, or prospectively depending on the amendment(s) applied. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This guidance will be effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 including the interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. Under the new provisions, all lessees will report a right-of-use asset and a liability for the obligation to make payments for all leases with the exception of those leases with a term of 12 months or less. All other leases will fall into one of two categories: (i) Financing leases, similar to capital leases, which will require the recognition of an asset and liability, measured at the present value of the lease payments and (ii) Operating leases which will require the recognition of an asset and liability measured at the present value of the lease payments. Lessor accounting remains substantially unchanged with the exception that no leases entered into after the effective date will be classified as leveraged leases. For sale leaseback transactions, the sale will only be recognized if the criteria in the new revenue recognition standard are met. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, which amends the guidance relating to the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Changes to the current guidance primarily affect the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. In addition, the ASU clarifies guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and upon adoption, an entity should apply the amendments by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet at the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Early adoption is not permitted except for the provision to record fair value changes for financial liabilities under the fair value option resulting from instrument-specific credit risk in other comprehensive income. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. Currently deferred taxes for each tax jurisdiction are presented as a net current asset or liability and net noncurrent asset or liability on the balance sheet. To simplify the presentation, the new guidance requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets for all jurisdictions along with any related valuation allowances be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for MeasurementPeriod Adjustments. Changes to the accounting for measurement-period adjustments relate to business combinations. Currently, an acquiring entity is required to retrospectively adjust the balance sheet amounts of the acquiree recognized at the acquisition date with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill as a result of changes made to the balance sheet amounts of the acquiree. The measurement period is the period after the acquisition date during which the acquirer may adjust the balance sheet amounts recognized for a business combination (generally up to one year from the date of acquisition). The changes eliminate the requirement to make such retrospective adjustments, and, instead require the acquiring entity to record these adjustments in the reporting period they are determined. The new standard is effective for both public and private companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The amendments in this ASU defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). Public business entities should apply the guidance in ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is still evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2 015-03, Imputation of Interest Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. This guidance requires that the debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the debt liability, consistent with the presentation of a debt discount. This amendment is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements of adopting this new guidance but at this time does not expect it to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements. All newly issued but not yet effective accounting pronouncements have been deemed to be not applicable or immaterial to the Company. |