Loans Receivable and Other Lending Investments, net | Loans Receivable and Other Lending Investments, net The following is a summary of the Company's loans receivable and other lending investments by class ($ in thousands): As of March 31, December 31, Construction loans Senior mortgages $ 542,241 $ 518,992 Corporate/Partnership loans 99,702 95,394 Subtotal - gross carrying value of construction loans 641,943 614,386 Loans Senior mortgages 53,319 53,592 Corporate/Partnership loans 23,321 24,424 Subordinate mortgages 11,063 10,877 Subtotal - gross carrying value of loans 87,703 88,893 Other lending investments Financing receivables (refer to Note 5) 44,445 44,339 Held-to-maturity debt securities 86,368 84,981 Available-for-sale debt securities 23,640 23,896 Subtotal - other lending investments 154,453 153,216 Total gross carrying value of loans receivable and other lending investments 884,099 856,495 Allowance for loan losses (33,264 ) (28,634 ) Total loans receivable and other lending investments, net $ 850,835 $ 827,861 Allowance for Loan Losses —Changes in the Company's allowance for loan losses were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2020 ($ in thousands): General Allowance Construction Loans Loans Held to Maturity Debt Securities Financing Receivables Specific Allowance Total Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period $ 6,668 $ 265 $ — $ — $ 21,701 $ 28,634 Adoption of new accounting standard (1) (353 ) 98 20 964 — 729 Provision for loan losses (2) 3,409 323 33 136 — 3,901 Allowance for loan losses at end of period $ 9,724 $ 686 $ 53 $ 1,100 $ 21,701 $ 33,264 ____________________________________________________________ (1) On January 1, 2020, the Company recorded an increase to its allowance for loan losses of $3.3 million upon the adoption of ASU 2016-13 (refer to Note 3), of which $2.5 million related to expected credit losses for unfunded loan commitments and was recorded in "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities." (2) During the three months ended March 31, 2020 , the Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $4.0 million due to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 (refer to Note 3), of which $0.1 million related to expected credit losses for unfunded loan commitments and was recorded in "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities." The Company's investment in loans and other lending investments and the associated allowance for loan losses were as follows as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 ($ in thousands): Individually Evaluated for Impairment (1) Collectively Evaluated for Impairment Total As of March 31, 2020 Construction loans (2) $ — $ 641,943 $ 641,943 Loans (2) 37,517 50,186 87,703 Financing receivables — 44,445 44,445 Held-to-maturity debt securities — 86,368 86,368 Available-for-sale debt securities (3) — 23,640 23,640 Less: Allowance for loan losses (21,701 ) (11,563 ) (33,264 ) Total $ 15,816 $ 835,019 $ 850,835 As of December 31, 2019 Construction loans (2) $ — $ 614,386 $ 614,386 Loans (2) 37,820 51,073 88,893 Financing receivables — 44,339 44,339 Held-to-maturity debt securities — 84,981 84,981 Available-for-sale debt securities (3) — 23,896 23,896 Less: Allowance for loan losses (21,701 ) (6,933 ) (28,634 ) Total $ 16,119 $ 811,742 $ 827,861 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) The carrying value of this loan includes an unamortized discount of $0.1 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . The Company's one loan individually evaluated for impairment represents a loan on non-accrual status; therefore, the unamortized amount associated with this loan is not currently being amortized into income. (2) The carrying value of these loans include unamortized discounts, premiums, deferred fees and costs totaling net discounts of $0.2 million and $0.7 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , respectively. (3) Available-for-sale debt securities are evaluated for impairment under ASC 326-30. Credit Characteristics —As part of the Company's process for monitoring the credit quality of its loans, it performs a quarterly loan portfolio assessment and assigns risk ratings to each of its performing loans. Risk ratings, which range from 1 (lower risk) to 5 (higher risk), are based on judgments, which are inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that actual performance will be similar to current expectation. The Company designates loans as non-performing at such time as: (1) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (2) the loan has a maturity default; or (3) management determines it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. All non-performing loans are placed on non-accrual status and income is only recognized in certain cases upon actual cash receipt. The Company's amortized cost basis in performing senior mortgages, corporate/partnership loans, subordinate mortgages and financing receivables, presented by year of origination and by credit quality, as indicated by risk rating, as of March 31, 2020 were as follows ($ in thousands): Year of Origination 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior to 2016 Total Senior mortgages Risk rating 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 54,420 $ — $ — $ 54,420 2 — — 84,662 96,549 — — 181,211 3 — 12,803 170,860 47,859 37,767 4,524 273,813 3.5 — — — 48,599 — — 48,599 Subtotal (1) $ — $ 12,803 $ 255,522 $ 247,427 $ 37,767 $ 4,524 $ 558,043 Corporate/partnership loans Risk rating 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 8,205 $ — $ — $ 8,205 2 — 938 17,708 — — — 18,646 3 — — 58,405 — 37,767 — 96,172 Subtotal $ — $ 938 $ 76,113 $ 8,205 $ 37,767 $ — $ 123,023 Subordinate mortgages Risk rating 3 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 11,063 $ 11,063 Subtotal $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 11,063 $ 11,063 Financing receivables Risk rating 1.5 $ — $ 44,445 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 44,445 Subtotal $ — $ 44,445 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 44,445 Total $ — $ 58,186 $ 331,635 $ 255,632 $ 75,534 $ 15,587 $ 736,574 ____________________________________________________________ (1) As of March 31, 2020 , excludes $37.5 million for one loan on non-accrual status. The Company's amortized cost basis in loans, aged by payment status and presented by class, was as follows ($ in thousands): Current Less Than and Equal to 90 Days Greater Than 90 Days (1) Total Past Due Total As of March 31, 2020 Senior mortgages $ 558,043 $ 37,517 $ 37,517 $ 595,560 Corporate/Partnership loans 123,023 — — — 123,023 Subordinate mortgages 11,063 — — — 11,063 Total $ 692,129 $ — $ 37,517 $ 37,517 $ 729,646 As of December 31, 2019 Senior mortgages $ 534,765 $ — $ 37,820 $ 37,820 $ 572,585 Corporate/Partnership loans 119,818 — — — 119,818 Subordinate mortgages 10,877 — — — 10,877 Total $ 665,460 $ — $ 37,820 $ 37,820 $ 703,280 _______________________________________________________________________________ (1) As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the Company had one loan which was greater than 90 days delinquent and was in various stages of resolution, including legal and environmental matters, and was 10.8 years and 10.5 years outstanding, respectively. Impaired Loans —The Company's impaired loan was as follows ($ in thousands) (1) : As of March 31, 2020 As of December 31, 2019 Amortized Cost Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Amortized Cost Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With an allowance recorded: Senior mortgages $ 37,517 $ 37,618 $ (21,701 ) $ 37,820 $ 37,923 $ (21,701 ) Total $ 37,517 $ 37,618 $ (21,701 ) $ 37,820 $ 37,923 $ (21,701 ) ____________________________________________________________ (1) All of the Company's non-accrual loans are considered impaired and included in the table above. (2) The Company did not record any interest income on impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Other lending investments —Other lending investments includes the following securities ($ in thousands): Face Value Amortized Cost Basis Net Unrealized Gain Estimated Fair Value Net Carrying Value As of March 31, 2020 Available-for-Sale Securities Municipal debt securities $ 20,680 $ 20,680 $ 2,960 $ 23,640 $ 23,640 Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt securities 100,000 86,368 — 86,368 86,368 Total $ 120,680 $ 107,048 $ 2,960 $ 110,008 $ 110,008 As of December 31, 2019 Available-for-Sale Securities Municipal debt securities $ 21,140 $ 21,140 $ 2,756 $ 23,896 $ 23,896 Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt securities 100,000 84,981 — 84,981 84,981 Total $ 121,140 $ 106,121 $ 2,756 $ 108,877 $ 108,877 As of March 31, 2020 , the contractual maturities of the Company's securities were as follows ($ in thousands): Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities Available-for-Sale Debt Securities Amortized Cost Basis Estimated Fair Value Amortized Cost Basis Estimated Fair Value Maturities Within one year $ — $ — $ — $ — After one year through 5 years 86,368 86,368 — — After 5 years through 10 years — — — — After 10 years — — 20,680 23,640 Total $ 86,368 $ 86,368 $ 20,680 $ 23,640 |