CREDIT CARD AND LOAN RECEIVABLES | 6 Months Ended |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
CREDIT CARD AND LOAN RECEIVABLES | ' |
CREDIT CARD AND LOAN RECEIVABLES | ' |
4. CREDIT CARD AND LOAN RECEIVABLES |
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The Company's credit card and loan receivables are the only portfolio segment or class of financing receivables. Quantitative information about the components of total credit card and loan receivables is presented in the table below: |
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| | June 30, | | | December 31, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2014 | 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Principal receivables | | $ | 8,096,112 | | | $ | 8,166,961 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Billed and accrued finance charges | | | 336,440 | | | | 343,521 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other credit card and loan receivables | | | 101,342 | | | | 62,400 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total credit card and loan receivables | | | 8,533,894 | | | | 8,572,882 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less credit card receivables – restricted for securitization investors | | | 6,737,440 | | | | 7,080,014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other credit card and loan receivables | | $ | 1,796,454 | | | $ | 1,492,868 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Allowance for Loan Loss |
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The Company maintains an allowance for loan loss at a level that is appropriate to absorb probable losses inherent in credit card and loan receivables. The allowance for loan loss covers forecasted uncollectible principal as well as unpaid interest and fees. The allowance for loan loss is evaluated monthly for appropriateness. |
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In estimating the allowance for principal loan losses, management utilizes a migration analysis of delinquent and current credit card and loan receivables. Migration analysis is a technique used to estimate the likelihood that a credit card or loan receivable will progress through the various stages of delinquency and to charge-off. The allowance is maintained through an adjustment to the provision for loan loss. Charge-offs of principal amounts, net of recoveries are deducted from the allowance. In estimating the allowance for uncollectible unpaid interest and fees, the Company utilizes historical charge-off trends, analyzing actual charge-offs for the prior three months. The allowance is maintained through an adjustment to finance charges, net. In evaluating the allowance for loan loss for both principal and unpaid interest and fees, management also considers factors that may impact loan loss experience, including seasoning, loan volume and amounts, seasonality, payment rates and forecasting uncertainties. |
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Net charge-offs include the principal amount of losses from credit cardholders unwilling or unable to pay their account balances, as well as bankrupt and deceased credit cardholders, less recoveries and exclude charged-off interest, fees and fraud losses. Charged‑off interest and fees reduce finance charges, net while fraud losses are recorded as an expense. Credit card and loan receivables, including unpaid interest and fees, are charged-off at the end of the month during which an account becomes 180 days contractually past due, except in the case of customer bankruptcies or death. Credit card and loan receivables, including unpaid interest and fees, associated with customer bankruptcies or death are charged-off at the end of each month subsequent to 60 days after the receipt of notification of the bankruptcy or death, but in any case, not later than the 180-day contractual time frame. The Company records the actual charge-offs for unpaid interest and fees as a reduction to finance charges, net. Actual charge-offs for unpaid interest and fees were $68.5 million and $55.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $144.0 million and $113.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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The following table presents the Company's allowance for loan loss for the periods indicated: |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, | June 30, | | | | | | | | |
| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at beginning of period | | $ | 482,658 | | | $ | 471,016 | | | $ | 503,169 | | | $ | 481,958 | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for loan loss | | | 96,652 | | | | 57,796 | | | | 167,234 | | | | 124,444 | | | | | | | | | |
Change in estimate for uncollectible unpaid interest and fees | | | (5,000 | ) | | | — | | | | 500 | | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Recoveries | | | 38,066 | | | | 27,163 | | | | 76,474 | | | | 57,948 | | | | | | | | | |
Principal charge-offs | | | (128,796 | ) | | | (107,579 | ) | | | (263,797 | ) | | | (215,954 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Balance at end of period | | $ | 483,580 | | | $ | 448,396 | | | $ | 483,580 | | | $ | 448,396 | | | | | | | | | |
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Delinquencies |
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A credit card account is contractually delinquent if the Company does not receive the minimum payment by the specified due date on the cardholder's statement. It is the Company's policy to continue to accrue interest and fee income on all credit card accounts beyond 90 days, except in limited circumstances, until the credit card account balance and all related interest and other fees are paid or charged off, typically at 180 days delinquent. When an account becomes delinquent, a message is printed on the credit cardholder's billing statement requesting payment. After an account becomes 30 days past due, a proprietary collection scoring algorithm automatically scores the risk of the account becoming further delinquent. The collection system then recommends a collection strategy for the past due account based on the collection score and account balance and dictates the contact schedule and collections priority for the account. If the Company is unable to make a collection after exhausting all in-house collection efforts, the Company may engage collection agencies and outside attorneys to continue those efforts. |
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The following table presents the delinquency trends of the Company's credit card and loan receivables portfolio: |
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| | June 30, | | | % of | | | December 31, | | | % of | | | | | | | | | |
2014 | Total | 2013 | Total | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (In thousands, except percentages) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Receivables outstanding – principal | | $ | 8,096,112 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 8,166,961 | | | | 100 | % | | | | | | | | |
Principal receivables balances contractually delinquent: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
31 to 60 days | | | 115,647 | | | | 1.5 | % | | | 114,430 | | | | 1.4 | % | | | | | | | | |
61 to 90 days | | | 74,923 | | | | 0.9 | | | | 74,700 | | | | 0.9 | | | | | | | | | |
91 or more days | | | 129,309 | | | | 1.6 | | | | 150,425 | | | | 1.9 | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 319,879 | | | | 4 | % | | $ | 339,555 | | | | 4.2 | % | | | | | | | | |
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Modified Credit Card and Loan Receivables |
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The Company holds certain credit card and loan receivables for which the terms have been modified. The Company's modified credit card and loan receivables include credit card and loan receivables for which temporary hardship concessions have been granted and credit card and loan receivables in permanent workout programs. These modified credit card and loan receivables include concessions consisting primarily of a reduced minimum payment and an interest rate reduction. The temporary programs' concessions remain in place for a period no longer than twelve months, while the permanent programs remain in place through the payoff of the credit card and loan receivables if the credit cardholder complies with the terms of the program. These concessions do not include the forgiveness of unpaid principal, but may involve the reversal of certain unpaid interest or fee assessments. In the case of the temporary programs, at the end of the concession period, credit card and loan receivable terms revert to standard rates. These arrangements are automatically terminated if the customer fails to make payments in accordance with the terms of the program, at which time their account reverts back to its original terms. |
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Credit card and loan receivables for which temporary hardship and permanent concessions were granted are both considered troubled debt restructurings and are collectively evaluated for impairment. Modified credit card and loan receivables are evaluated at their present value with impairment measured as the difference between the credit card and loan receivable balance and the discounted present value of cash flows expected to be collected. Consistent with the Company's measurement of impairment of modified credit card and loan receivables on a pooled basis, the discount rate used for credit card and loan receivables is the average current annual percentage rate the Company applies to non-impaired credit card and loan receivables, which approximates what would have been applied to the pool of modified credit card and loan receivables prior to impairment. In assessing the appropriate allowance for loan loss, these modified credit card and loan receivables are included in the general pool of credit card and loan receivables with the allowance determined under the contingent loss model of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 450-20, "Loss Contingencies." If the Company applied accounting under ASC 310-40, "Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors," to the modified credit card and loan receivables in these programs, there would not be a material difference in the allowance for loan loss. |
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The Company had $110.3 million and $118.1 million, respectively, as a recorded investment in impaired credit card and loan receivables with an associated allowance for loan loss of $30.4 million and $33.9 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. These modified credit card and loan receivables represented less than 2% of the Company's total credit card and loan receivables as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. |
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The average recorded investment in the impaired credit card receivables was $112.4 million and $117.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $114.3 million and $117.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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Interest income on these modified credit card and loan receivables is accounted for in the same manner as other accruing credit card and loan receivables. Cash collections on these modified credit card and loan receivables are allocated according to the same payment hierarchy methodology applied to credit card and loan receivables that are not in such programs. The Company recognized $3.1 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $6.3 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, in interest income associated with modified credit card and loan receivables during the period that such credit card and loan receivables were impaired. |
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The following tables provide information on credit card and loan receivables that are considered troubled debt restructurings as described above, which entered into a modification program during the specified periods: |
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| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 | |
| | Number of Restructurings | | | Pre-modification Outstanding | | | Post-modification Outstanding | | | Number of Restructurings | | | Pre-modification Outstanding | | | Post-modification Outstanding | |
Balance | Balance | Balance | Balance |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Troubled debt restructurings – credit card receivables | | | 28,602 | | | $ | 28,922 | | | $ | 28,896 | | | | 65,154 | | | $ | 64,708 | | | $ | 64,651 | |
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| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2013 | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 | |
| | Number of Restructurings | | | Pre-modification Outstanding | | | Post-modification Outstanding | | | Number of Restructurings | | | Pre-modification Outstanding | | | Post-modification Outstanding | |
Balance | Balance | Balance | Balance |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Troubled debt restructurings – credit card receivables | | | 35,100 | | | $ | 32,135 | | | $ | 32,120 | | | | 72,895 | | | $ | 66,101 | | | $ | 66,062 | |
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The tables below summarize troubled debt restructurings that have defaulted in the specified periods where the default occurred within 12 months of their modification date: |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
30-Jun-14 | 30-Jun-14 | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of Restructurings | | | Outstanding Balance | | | Number of Restructurings | | | Outstanding Balance | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted – credit card receivables | | | 13,770 | | | $ | 13,831 | | | | 30,498 | | | $ | 29,972 | | | | | | | | | |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
30-Jun-13 | 30-Jun-13 | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of Restructurings | | | Outstanding Balance | | | Number of Restructurings | | | Outstanding Balance | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted – credit card receivables | | | 15,698 | | | $ | 14,938 | | | | 31,193 | | | $ | 29,421 | | | | | | | | | |
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Age of Credit Card and Loan Receivable Accounts |
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The following tables set forth, as of June 30, 2014 and 2013, the number of active credit card and loan accounts with balances and the related principal balances outstanding, based upon the age of the active credit card and loan accounts from origination: |
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| | 30-Jun-14 | | | | | | | | | |
Age of Accounts Since Origination | | Number of | | | Percentage of | | | Total | | | Percentage of | | | | | | | | | |
Active Accounts | Active Accounts | Principal | Principal | | | | | | | | |
with Balances | with Balances | Receivables Outstanding | Receivables Outstanding | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands, except percentages) | | | | | | | | | |
0-12 Months | | | 4,750 | | | | 27.8 | % | | $ | 2,031,774 | | | | 25.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
13-24 Months | | | 2,467 | | | | 14.5 | | | | 1,148,807 | | | | 14.2 | | | | | | | | | |
25-36 Months | | | 1,714 | | | | 10 | | | | 838,573 | | | | 10.4 | | | | | | | | | |
37-48 Months | | | 1,245 | | | | 7.3 | | | | 623,665 | | | | 7.7 | | | | | | | | | |
49-60 Months | | | 988 | | | | 5.8 | | | | 520,428 | | | | 6.4 | | | | | | | | | |
Over 60 Months | | | 5,915 | | | | 34.6 | | | | 2,932,865 | | | | 36.2 | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 17,079 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 8,096,112 | | | | 100 | % | | | | | | | | |
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| | 30-Jun-13 | | | | | | | | | |
Age of Accounts Since Origination | | Number of | | | Percentage of | | | Total | | | Percentage of | | | | | | | | | |
Active Accounts | Active Accounts | Principal | Principal | | | | | | | | |
with Balances | with Balances | Receivables Outstanding | Receivables Outstanding | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands, except percentages) | | | | | | | | | |
0-12 Months | | | 4,162 | | | | 26.3 | % | | $ | 1,567,355 | | | | 22.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
13-24 Months | | | 2,132 | | | | 13.5 | | | | 868,822 | | | | 12.7 | | | | | | | | | |
25-36 Months | | | 1,492 | | | | 9.4 | | | | 656,544 | | | | 9.6 | | | | | | | | | |
37-48 Months | | | 1,188 | | | | 7.5 | | | | 570,969 | | | | 8.3 | | | | | | | | | |
49-60 Months | | | 939 | | | | 5.9 | | | | 481,828 | | | | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
Over 60 Months | | | 5,920 | | | | 37.4 | | | | 2,721,437 | | | | 39.6 | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 15,833 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 6,866,955 | | | | 100 | % | | | | | | | | |
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Credit Quality |
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The Company uses proprietary scoring models developed specifically for the purpose of monitoring the Company's obligor credit quality. The proprietary scoring models are used as a tool in the underwriting process and for making credit decisions. The proprietary scoring models are based on historical data and require various assumptions about future performance. Information regarding customer performance is factored into these proprietary scoring models to determine the probability of an account becoming 90 or more days past due at any time within the next 12 months. Obligor credit quality is monitored at least monthly during the life of an account. The following table reflects composition of the Company's credit card and loan receivables by obligor credit quality as of June 30, 2014 and 2013: |
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| | 30-Jun-14 | | | 30-Jun-13 | | | | | | | | | |
Probability of an Account Becoming 90 or More Days Past | | Total | | | Percentage of | | | Total | | | Percentage of | | | | | | | | | |
Due or Becoming Charged-off (within the next 12 months) | Principal | Principal | Principal | Principal | | | | | | | | |
| Receivables Outstanding | Receivables Outstanding | Receivables Outstanding | Receivables Outstanding | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (In thousands, except percentages) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
No Score | | $ | 144,270 | | | | 1.8 | % | | $ | 143,497 | | | | 2.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
27.1% and higher | | | 391,005 | | | | 4.8 | | | | 304,557 | | | | 4.4 | | | | | | | | | |
17.1% - 27.0% | | | 748,356 | | | | 9.2 | | | | 618,805 | | | | 9 | | | | | | | | | |
12.6% - 17.0% | | | 886,078 | | | | 11 | | | | 718,748 | | | | 10.5 | | | | | | | | | |
3.7% - 12.5% | | | 3,298,009 | | | | 40.7 | | | | 2,782,404 | | | | 40.5 | | | | | | | | | |
1.9% - 3.6% | | | 1,681,968 | | | | 20.8 | | | | 1,483,852 | | | | 21.6 | | | | | | | | | |
Lower than 1.9% | | | 946,426 | | | | 11.7 | | | | 815,092 | | | | 11.9 | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 8,096,112 | | | | 100 | % | | $ | 6,866,955 | | | | 100 | % | | | | | | | | |
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Transfer of Financial Assets |
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The Company originates loans under an agreement with one of its clients and after origination, these loan receivables are sold to the client at par value plus accrued interest. These transfers qualify for sale treatment as they meet the conditions established in ASC 860-10, "Transfers and Servicing." Following the sale, the client owns the loan receivables, bears the risk of loss in the event of loan defaults and is responsible for all servicing functions related to the receivables. The loan receivables originated by the Company that have not yet been sold to the client were $63.4 million and $62.1 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and are included in loan receivables held for sale in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The carrying value of these loan receivables approximates fair value due to the short duration between origination and sale. Purchases and sales of these loan receivables held for sale are reflected as operating activities in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. |
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Upon the client's purchase of the originated loan receivables, the Company is obligated to purchase a participating interest in a pool of loan receivables that includes the loan receivables originated by the Company. Such interest participates on a pro rata basis in the cash flows of the underlying pool of loan receivables, including principal repayments, finance charges, losses, recoveries, and servicing costs. The Company bears the risk of loss related to its participation interest in this pool. |
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During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Company purchased $117.1 million of loan receivables under these agreements. The outstanding balance of these loan receivables was $108.4 million and $61.6 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and was included in other credit card and loan receivables in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. |
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Securitized Credit Card Receivables |
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The Company regularly securitizes its credit card receivables through its credit card securitization trusts, consisting of World Financial Network Credit Card Master Trust, World Financial Network Credit Card Master Note Trust ("Master Trust I") and World Financial Network Credit Card Master Trust III ("Master Trust III") (collectively, the "WFN Trusts"), and World Financial Capital Credit Card Master Note Trust (the "WFC Trust"). The Company continues to own and service the accounts that generate credit card receivables held by the WFN Trusts and the WFC Trust. In its capacity as a servicer, each of the respective banks earns a fee from the WFN Trusts and the WFC Trust to service and administer the credit card receivables, collect payments and charge-off uncollectible receivables. These fees are eliminated and therefore are not reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. |
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The WFN Trusts and the WFC Trust are variable interest entities ("VIEs") and the assets of these consolidated VIEs include certain credit card receivables that are restricted to settle the obligations of those entities and are not expected to be available to the Company or its creditors. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs include non-recourse secured borrowings and other liabilities for which creditors or beneficial interest holders do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company. |
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The tables below present quantitative information about the components of total securitized credit card receivables, delinquencies and net charge-offs: |
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| | June 30, | | | December 31, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2014 | 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total credit card receivables – restricted for securitization investors | | $ | 6,737,440 | | | $ | 7,080,014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Principal amount of credit card receivables – restricted for securitization investors, 90 days or more past due | | $ | 109,383 | | | $ | 131,659 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, | June 30, | | | | | | | | |
| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Net charge-offs of securitized principal | | $ | 79,947 | | | $ | 74,595 | | | $ | 165,661 | | | $ | 148,689 | | | | | | | | | |
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