Northern Oil & Gas Inc. Interests
January 31, 2021
Page 2
Future revenue is prior to deducting state production taxes and ad valorem taxes. Future net cash flow (net operating income) is after deducting taxes, future capital costs and operating expenses, but before consideration of federal income taxes. The present worth is shown to indicate the effect of time on the value of money and should not be construed as being the fair market value of the properties.
The oil reserves include oil and condensate. Oil volumes are expressed in barrels (42 U.S. gallons). Gas volumes are expressed in thousands of standard cubic feet (MCF) at contract temperature and pressure base.
Hydrocarbon Pricing
As requested, oil and gas prices were adjusted to the following January 20, 2021 NYMEX strip price deck:
| | | | | | | | |
Year | | WTI Cushing Oil Price $/BBL | | | Henry Hub Gas Price $/MMBTU | |
2021 | | | 52.16 | | | | 2.69 | |
2022 | | | 49.24 | | | | 2.65 | |
2023 | | | 47.47 | | | | 2.53 | |
2024 | | | 46.57 | | | | 2.51 | |
2025 | | | 46.14 | | | | 2.56 | |
Thereafter | | | 46.14 | | | | 2.56 | |
Oil and gas prices were held constant beginning in 2025 at $46.14 per BBL and $2.56 per MMBTU, respectively. The base prices were adjusted for differentials on a per-property basis, which may include local basis differentials, transportation, gas shrinkage, gas heating value (BTU content) and/or crude quality and gravity corrections. Price differentials were calculated based on historical data and held constant.
Economic Parameters
Ownership was accepted as furnished and has not been independently confirmed. Oil and gas price differentials, gas shrinkage, ad valorem taxes, severance taxes, lease operating expenses and investments were calculated and prepared by NOG and were thoroughly reviewed by us for accuracy and completeness. Lease operating expenses were calculated based on historical lease operating statements. All economic parameters, including lease operating expenses and investments, were held constant (not escalated) throughout the life of these properties.
Risking
Reserves and economics were not risked for any of the properties in this evaluation. The reserves and economics shown herein are unrisked.
Reserves and Development
Reserves assigned to each producing well were based on a combination of forecasting methods including decline curve analysis (DCA), regional type curve fitting and analogy to offset production. For PDNP and/or PUD locations, reserves were assigned based on regional type curves, offset analogy and/or volumetric assessments. Reserves for each drilling location may also account for recent nearby wells that have demonstrated improved performance due to more modern completions.