Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including certain cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate their fair values due to the relatively short maturity of these balances. The Company measures and reports certain cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative foreign currency forward contracts and commitments associated with prior business combinations at fair value in accordance with the provisions of the authoritative accounting guidance that addresses fair value measurements. This guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows: Level 1 —Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 —Valuations based on other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3— Valuations based on inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company's financial instruments consist of assets and liabilities measured using Level 1 and 2 inputs. Level 1 assets include a highly liquid money market fund, which is valued using unadjusted quoted prices that are available in an active market for an identical asset. Level 2 assets include fixed-income U.S. government agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities and derivative financial instruments consisting of foreign currency forward contracts. The securities, bonds and commercial paper are valued using prices from independent pricing services based on quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments or on industry models using data inputs such as interest rates and prices that can be directly observed or corroborated in active markets. The foreign currency forward contracts are valued usi ng observable inputs, such as quotations on forward foreign exchange points and foreign interest rates. The estimated fair value of commitments from prior acquisitions are determined based on management’s estimate of fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which uses Level 3 inputs for fair value measurements. As of June 30, 2019 , management estimated the fair value of such commitments to be zero. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities consist of the following: June 30, 2019 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 90,154 $ — $ — $ 90,154 Money market funds 727 — — 727 Commercial paper 500 — — 500 Total 91,381 — — 91,381 Short-term marketable securities : Corporate bonds 36,252 46 (39 ) 36,259 Asset-backed securities 8,840 1 (1 ) 8,840 U.S. government agencies 162,356 179 (8 ) 162,527 Total 207,448 226 (48 ) 207,626 Long-term marketable securities : Asset-backed securities 40,833 244 — 41,077 U.S. government agencies 44,351 483 — 44,834 Corporate bonds 25,382 228 — 25,610 Total 110,566 955 — 111,521 Total $ 409,395 $ 1,181 $ (48 ) $ 410,528 December 31, 2018 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 40,913 $ — $ — $ 40,913 Money market funds 113 — — 113 Total 41,026 — — 41,026 Short-term marketable securities : Commercial paper 3,237 — — 3,237 Corporate bonds 30,906 — (84 ) 30,822 Asset-backed securities 10,447 — (15 ) 10,432 U.S. government agencies 203,734 9 (94 ) 203,649 Total 248,324 9 (193 ) 248,140 Long-term marketable securities : Asset-backed securities 22,945 10 (28 ) 22,927 U.S. government agencies 18,804 — (53 ) 18,751 Corporate bonds 35,322 3 (293 ) 35,032 Total 77,071 13 (374 ) 76,710 Total $ 366,421 $ 22 $ (567 ) $ 365,876 The following table shows the changes to AOCI related to available-for-sale marketable securities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands): Unrealized Gain (Loss), net AOCI for available-for sale marketable securities balance at December 31, 2018 $ (545 ) Change in net unrealized gain, net of tax 1,379 Amounts reclassified for net realized gain included in net income 43 Total change in unrealized gain (loss), net of tax 1,422 AOCI for available-for sale marketable securities balance at June 30, 2019 $ 877 The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy, the fair value of the Company's available-for-sale marketable securities measured on a recurring basis, excluding cash and money market funds: June 30, 2019 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair Value (in thousands) Commercial paper $ — $ 500 $ — $ 500 U.S. government agencies — 207,361 — 207,361 Corporate bonds — 61,869 — 61,869 Asset-backed securities — 49,917 — 49,917 Total $ — $ 319,647 $ — $ 319,647 December 31, 2018 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair Value (in thousands) Commercial paper $ — $ 3,237 $ — $ 3,237 U.S. government agencies — 222,400 — 222,400 Corporate bonds — 65,854 — 65,854 Asset-backed securities — 33,359 — 33,359 Total $ — $ 324,850 $ — $ 324,850 There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, as determined at the end of each reporting period. The following summarizes the fair value of marketable securities classified as available-for-sale by contractual, or effective, maturity: June 30, 2019 Mature within One Year Mature after One Year through Two Years Mature over Two Years Fair Value (in thousands) Commercial paper $ 500 $ — $ — $ 500 U.S. government agencies 162,527 30,192 14,642 207,361 Corporate bonds 36,258 19,651 5,960 61,869 Asset-backed securities 30,329 14,678 4,910 49,917 Total $ 229,614 $ 64,521 $ 25,512 $ 319,647 Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative financial instruments are utilized by the Company to reduce foreign currency exchange risks. The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations of certain non-U.S. Dollar denominated asset positions, to date primarily cash and accounts receivable, as well as to manage foreign currency fluctuation risk related to forecasted transactions. Non-designated forward contracts At June 30, 2019 , the Company had five outstanding forward contracts with notional amounts of €10.0 million and £4.0 million . At December 31, 2018, the Company had two outstanding forward contracts with notional amounts of €16.0 million and £6.3 million . Designated cash flow hedge contracts At June 30, 2019 , the Company had 26 open cash flow hedge contracts with notional amounts of €18.9 million and £9.2 million . During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 , the Company recorded unrealized FX gains related to these contracts in AOCI of $0.2 million and $0.4 million , respectively, net of tax. The Company did not have any unrealized FX gains or losses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. At December 31, 2018, the Company had two open cash flow hedge contracts with notional amounts of €12.9 million and £4.1 million . The unrealized foreign currency losses on these contracts were recorded in AOCI and were insignificant. The following summarizes the gains (losses) recognized in other income (expense), net on the condensed consolidated statement of operations, from forward contracts and other foreign currency transactions: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (in thousands) Net gain (loss) from forward contracts $ 44 $ 890 $ 78 $ 314 Other foreign currency transactions gain (loss) 249 (1,357 ) 55 (549 ) Total foreign exchange gain (loss), net $ 293 $ (467 ) $ 133 $ (235 ) |