LOANS | LOANS The Company’s loan portfolio is segregated into the following segments: commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, residential mortgage, and consumer. Commercial real estate loans include construction, single and multi-family, and other commercial real estate classes. Residential mortgage loans include classes for 1-4 family owner occupied and construction loans. Consumer loans include home equity, direct and indirect auto, and other consumer loan classes. These portfolio segments each have unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate in Massachusetts, southern Vermont, northeastern New York, New Jersey, and in the Bank’s other New England lending areas. The ability of many of the Bank’s borrowers to honor their contracts is dependent, among other things, on the specific economy and real estate markets of these areas. Total loans include business activity loans and acquired loans. Acquired loans are those loans acquired from Commerce Bank, First Choice Bank, Parke Bank, Firestone Financial Corp., Hampden Bancorp, Inc., the New York branch acquisition, Beacon Federal Bancorp, Inc., The Connecticut Bank and Trust Company, Legacy Bancorp, Inc., and Rome Bancorp, Inc. Once the full integration of the acquired entity is complete, acquired and business activity loans are serviced, managed, and accounted for under the Company's same control environment. The following is a summary of total loans: December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Business Activities Loans Acquired Loans Total Business Activities Loans Acquired Loans Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ 181,371 $ 84,965 $ 266,336 $ 253,302 $ 34,207 $ 287,509 Single and multi-family 217,083 206,082 423,165 191,819 125,672 317,491 Other commercial real estate 1,819,253 755,988 2,575,241 1,481,223 530,215 2,011,438 Total commercial real estate 2,217,707 1,047,035 3,264,742 1,926,344 690,094 2,616,438 Commercial and industrial loans 1,182,569 621,370 1,803,939 908,102 153,936 1,062,038 Total commercial loans 3,400,276 1,668,405 5,068,681 2,834,446 844,030 3,678,476 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,808,024 289,373 2,097,397 1,583,794 297,355 1,881,149 Construction 5,177 233 5,410 11,178 804 11,982 Total residential mortgages 1,813,201 289,606 2,102,807 1,594,972 298,159 1,893,131 Consumer loans: Home equity 294,954 115,227 410,181 313,521 80,279 393,800 Auto and other 603,767 113,902 717,669 478,368 106,012 584,380 Total consumer loans 898,721 229,129 1,127,850 791,889 186,291 978,180 Total loans $ 6,112,198 $ 2,187,140 $ 8,299,338 $ 5,221,307 $ 1,328,480 $ 6,549,787 Total unamortized net costs and premiums included in the year-end total loans for business activity loans were the following: (In thousands) December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unamortized net loan origination costs $ 24,669 $ 21,972 Unamortized net premium on purchased loans 4,311 4,849 Total unamortized net costs and premiums $ 28,980 $ 26,821 The Company occasionally transfers a portion of its originated commercial loans to participating lending partners. The amounts transferred have been accounted for as sales and are therefore not included in the Company’s accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company and its lending partners share proportionally in any gains or losses that may result from a borrower’s lack of compliance with contractual terms of the loan. The Company continues to service the loans, collects cash payments from the borrowers, remits payments (net of servicing fees), and disburses required escrow funds to relevant parties. At year-end 2017 and 2016, the Company was servicing loans for participants totaling $1.8 billion and $0.5 billion , respectively. In 2017, the Company purchased loans aggregating $500.9 million and sold loans aggregating $514.5 million . In 2016, the Company purchased loans aggregating $190.8 million and sold loans aggregating $307.7 million . Net gains (losses) on sales of loans were $11.7 million , $8.0 million , and $6.0 million for the years 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. These amounts are included in Loan Related Income on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Most of the Company’s lending activity occurs within its primary markets in Massachusetts, Southern Vermont, and Northeastern New York. Most of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate, including residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, and home equity loans. Year-end loans to operators of non-residential buildings totaled $1.3 billion , or 15.8% , and $1.1 billion , or 16.8% of total loans in 2017 and 2016, respectively. There were no other concentrations of loans related to any single industry in excess of 10% of total loans at year-end 2017 or 2016. At year-end 2017, the Company had pledged loans totaling $350.7 million to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston as collateral for certain borrowing arrangements. Also, residential first mortgage loans are subject to a blanket lien for FHLBB advances. See Note 12 - Borrowed Funds. At year-end 2017 and 2016, the Company’s commitments outstanding to related parties totaled $50.8 million and $38.7 million , respectively, and the loans outstanding against these commitments totaled $44.1 million and $25.6 million , respectively. Related parties include directors and executive officers of the Company and its subsidiaries, as well as their respective affiliates in which they have a controlling interest and immediate family members. For the years 2017 and 2016, all related party loans were performing. The carrying amount of the acquired loans at December 31, 2017 totaled $2.2 billion . A subset of these loans was determined to have evidence of credit deterioration at acquisition date, which is accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. These purchased credit-impaired loans presently maintain a carrying value of $97.3 million . These loans are evaluated for impairment through the quarterly reforecasting of expected cash flows. Of the $97.3 million , $53.3 million are Commercial Real Estate, $34.6 million are Commercial and Industrial loans, $7.0 million are Residential Mortgages, and $2.4 million are Consumer loans. The carrying amount of the acquired loans at December 31, 2016 totaled $1.3 billion . A subset of these loans was determined to have evidence of credit deterioration at acquisition date, which is accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. These purchased credit-impaired loans maintained a carrying value of $46.8 million . Of the $46.8 million , $34.8 million were Commercial Real Estate, $3.4 million were Commercial and Industrial loans, $7.3 million were Residential Mortgages, and $1.3 million were Consumer loans. The following table summarizes activity in the accretable yield for the acquired loan portfolio that falls under the purview of ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality : (In thousands) 2017 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 8,738 $ 6,925 $ 2,541 Acquisitions 10,815 6,125 4,777 Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improved cash flows (23 ) 2,488 3,640 Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference (2,380 ) (3,018 ) — Reclassification to TDR — (185 ) — Accretion (5,589 ) (3,597 ) (4,033 ) Balance at end of period $ 11,561 $ 8,738 $ 6,925 The following is a summary of past due loans at December 31, 2017 and 2016: Business Activities Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 181,371 $ 181,371 $ — Single and multi-family — — 451 451 216,632 217,083 — Commercial real estate 1,925 48 5,023 6,996 1,812,257 1,819,253 457 Total 1,925 48 5,474 7,447 2,210,260 2,217,707 457 Commercial and industrial loans Total 4,031 1,912 6,023 11,966 1,170,603 1,182,569 128 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,412 242 2,186 4,840 1,803,184 1,808,024 520 Construction — — — — 5,177 5,177 — Total 2,412 242 2,186 4,840 1,808,361 1,813,201 520 Consumer loans: Home equity 444 1,235 1,747 3,426 291,528 294,954 120 Auto and other 3,389 599 1,597 5,585 598,182 603,767 143 Total 3,833 1,834 3,344 9,011 889,710 898,721 263 Total $ 12,201 $ 4,036 $ 17,027 $ 33,264 $ 6,078,934 $ 6,112,198 $ 1,368 Business Activities Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2016 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 253,302 $ 253,302 $ — Single and multi-family 618 110 624 1,352 190,467 191,819 155 Commercial real estate 481 2,243 4,212 6,936 1,474,287 1,481,223 — Total 1,099 2,353 4,836 8,288 1,918,056 1,926,344 155 Commercial and industrial loans Total 3,090 1,301 6,290 10,681 897,421 908,102 5 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,393 701 4,179 6,273 1,577,521 1,583,794 1,956 Construction 10 — — 10 11,168 11,178 — Total 1,403 701 4,179 6,283 1,588,689 1,594,972 1,956 Consumer loans: Home equity 99 — 2,981 3,080 310,441 313,521 306 Auto and other 2,483 494 968 3,945 474,423 478,368 16 Total 2,582 494 3,949 7,025 784,864 791,889 322 Total $ 8,174 $ 4,849 $ 19,254 $ 32,277 $ 5,189,030 $ 5,221,307 $ 2,438 Acquired Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 7,655 $ 84,965 $ — Single and multi-family 671 — 203 874 2,846 206,082 — Commercial real estate 816 1,875 2,156 4,847 42,801 755,988 109 Total 1,487 1,875 2,359 5,721 53,302 1,047,035 109 Commercial and industrial loans Total 1,252 268 1,439 2,959 34,629 621,370 23 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 957 2,581 1,247 4,785 6,974 289,373 30 Construction — — — — — 233 — Total 957 2,581 1,247 4,785 6,974 289,606 30 Consumer loans: Home equity 286 40 1,965 2,291 1,956 115,227 — Auto and other 346 135 430 911 483 113,902 38 Total 632 175 2,395 3,202 2,439 229,129 38 Total $ 4,328 $ 4,899 $ 7,440 $ 16,667 $ 97,344 $ 2,187,140 $ 200 Acquired Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2016 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 47 $ 34,207 $ — Single and multi-family 2 — 437 439 4,726 125,672 — Commercial real estate 1,555 — 765 2,320 30,047 530,215 — Total 1,557 — 1,202 2,759 34,820 690,094 — Commercial and industrial loans: Total 1,850 15 1,262 3,127 3,369 153,936 24 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 321 343 2,015 2,679 7,283 297,355 443 Construction — — — — — 804 — Total 321 343 2,015 2,679 7,283 298,159 443 Consumer loans: Home equity 753 — 870 1,623 957 80,279 353 Auto and other 542 314 1,686 2,542 387 106,012 791 Total 1,295 314 2,556 4,165 1,344 186,291 1,144 Total $ 5,023 $ 672 $ 7,035 $ 12,730 $ 46,816 $ 1,328,480 $ 1,611 The following is summary information pertaining to non-accrual loans at year-end 2017 and 2016: December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Business Activities Acquired Loans (1) Total Business Activities Acquired Loans (2) Total Commercial real estate: Construction — — — — — — Single and multi-family 451 203 654 469 437 906 Other commercial real estate 4,566 2,047 6,613 4,212 765 4,977 Total 5,017 2,250 7,267 4,681 1,202 5,883 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 5,895 1,333 7,228 6,285 1,155 7,440 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family $ 1,666 $ 1,217 $ 2,883 $ 2,223 $ 1,572 $ 3,795 Construction — — — — — — Total 1,666 1,217 2,883 2,223 1,572 3,795 Consumer loans: Home equity 1,627 1,965 3,592 2,675 517 3,192 Auto and other 1,454 392 1,846 952 895 1,847 Total 3,081 2,357 5,438 3,627 1,412 5,039 Total non-accrual loans $ 15,659 $ 7,157 $ 22,816 $ 16,816 $ 5,341 $ 22,157 (1) At year-end 2017, acquired credit impaired loans account for $83 thousand of loans greater than 90 days past due that are not presented in the above table. (2) At year-end 2016, acquired credit impaired loans account for $83 thousand of loans greater than 90 days past due that are not presented in the above table. Loans evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 33,732 $ 5,761 $ 3,872 $ — $ 43,365 Collectively evaluated 2,183,975 1,176,808 1,809,329 898,721 6,068,833 Total $ 2,217,707 $ 1,182,569 $ 1,813,201 $ 898,721 $ 6,112,198 Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 25,549 $ 5,705 $ 2,775 $ 2,703 $ 36,732 Collectively evaluated 1,900,795 902,397 1,592,197 789,186 5,184,575 Total $ 1,926,344 $ 908,102 $ 1,594,972 $ 791,889 $ 5,221,307 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,244 $ 421 $ 2,617 $ 27 $ 7,309 Purchased credit-impaired loans 53,302 34,629 6,974 2,439 97,344 Collectively evaluated 989,489 586,320 280,015 226,663 2,082,487 Total $ 1,047,035 $ 621,370 $ 289,606 $ 229,129 $ 2,187,140 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,256 $ 635 $ 308 $ 406 $ 5,605 Purchased credit-impaired loans 34,820 3,369 7,283 1,344 46,816 Collectively evaluated 651,018 149,932 290,568 184,541 1,276,059 Total $ 690,094 $ 153,936 $ 298,159 $ 186,291 $ 1,328,480 The following is a summary of impaired loans at year-end 2017 and 2016 and for the years then ended: Business Activities Loans At December 31, 2017 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Commercial real estate - construction $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 1,077 3,607 — Other commercial real estate 18,285 18,611 — Other commercial and industrial loans 2,060 2,629 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 660 1,075 — Consumer - home equity 867 1,504 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate - construction $ 159 $ 159 $ 1 Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 159 171 1 Other commercial real estate 14,321 15,235 227 Other commercial and industrial loans 3,716 4,249 66 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 1,344 1,446 130 Consumer - home equity 1,014 999 34 Consumer - other 17 17 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 34,001 $ 37,783 $ 229 Commercial and industrial 5,776 6,878 66 Residential mortgages 2,004 2,521 130 Consumer 1,898 2,520 35 Total impaired loans $ 43,679 $ 49,702 $ 460 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Business Activities Loans At December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 18,905 $ 18,905 $ — Other commercial and industrial loans 382 382 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,101 2,101 — Consumer - home equity 1,605 1,605 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate - single and multifamily $ 179 $ 181 $ 2 Other commercial real estate 6,306 6,462 156 Other commercial and industrial loans 5,060 5,324 264 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 538 674 136 Consumer - home equity 942 1,098 156 Total Commercial real estate $ 25,390 $ 25,548 $ 158 Commercial and industrial 5,442 5,706 264 Residential mortgages 2,639 2,775 136 Consumer 2,547 2,703 156 Total impaired loans $ 36,018 $ 36,732 $ 714 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans At December 31, 2017 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Commercial real estate - single and multifamily $ 204 $ 290 $ — Other commercial real estate loans 1,123 2,794 — Other commercial and industrial loans 255 310 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 658 671 — Consumer - home equity 1,374 1,654 — Consumer - other 27 27 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate - single and multifamily $ 887 $ 880 $ 18 Other commercial real estate loans 2,043 1,661 38 Other commercial and industrial loans 165 166 1 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 166 185 9 Consumer - home equity 433 540 45 Total Commercial real estate $ 4,257 $ 5,625 $ 56 Commercial and industrial 420 476 1 Residential mortgages 824 856 9 Consumer 1,834 2,221 45 Total impaired loans $ 7,335 $ 9,178 $ 111 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 547 $ 547 $ — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 208 208 — Consumer - home equity — — — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate - single and multifamily $ 1,250 $ 1,358 $ 108 Other commercial real estate loans 2,209 2,351 142 Other Commercial and industrial loans 576 635 59 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 89 100 11 Consumer - home equity 292 406 114 Total Commercial real estate $ 4,006 $ 4,256 $ 250 Commercial and industrial 576 635 59 Residential mortgages 297 308 11 Consumer 292 406 114 Total impaired loans $ 5,171 $ 5,605 $ 434 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. The following is a summary of the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015: Business Activities Loans December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Commercial real estate - construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,245 $ 92 Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 341 214 36 1 60 — Other commercial real estate 20,867 1,123 6,463 1,155 12,487 302 Other commercial and industrial 4,437 265 3,349 131 3,870 177 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 1,128 31 2,403 91 1,353 38 Consumer-home equity 1,291 30 612 5 442 13 Consumer-other 72 3 2 — — — With an allowance recorded: Commercial mortgages - construction $ 41 $ 3 $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 169 12 15 6 — — Other commercial real estate 11,372 520 7,576 349 3,214 132 Other commercial and industrial 3,251 267 2,002 225 810 37 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 1,289 59 682 26 1,704 72 Consumer-home equity 1,007 29 999 35 83 — Consumer - other 4 1 103 4 112 4 Total Commercial real estate $ 32,790 $ 1,872 $ 14,090 $ 1,511 $ 18,006 $ 526 Commercial and industrial 7,688 532 5,351 356 4,680 214 Residential mortgages 2,417 90 3,085 117 3,057 110 Consumer loans 2,374 63 1,716 44 637 17 Total impaired loans $ 45,269 $ 2,557 $ 24,242 $ 2,028 $ 26,380 $ 867 Acquired Loans December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Commercial real estate - construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 445 $ 60 Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 342 82 — — 2,014 57 Other commercial real estate 487 239 521 20 1,721 37 Other commercial and industrial 581 43 492 9 — — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 390 28 293 12 463 6 Consumer - home equity 773 22 — — 152 5 Consumer - other 7 1 105 1 59 5 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate - construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate - single and multifamily 903 47 1,064 115 623 33 Other commercial real estate 1,719 91 2,618 165 1,384 96 Other commercial and industrial 47 13 369 17 31 3 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 173 9 214 25 304 9 Consumer - home equity 400 21 — — 195 7 Total Commercial real estate $ 3,451 $ 459 $ 4,203 $ 300 $ 6,187 $ 283 Commercial and industrial 628 56 861 26 31 3 Residential mortgages 563 37 507 37 767 15 Consumer loans 1,180 44 105 1 406 17 Total impaired loans $ 5,822 $ 596 $ 5,676 $ 364 $ 7,391 $ 318 No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans. Troubled Debt Restructuring Loans The Company’s loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced or are expected to experience financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructure and may only be returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months . TDRs are evaluated individually for impairment and may result in a specific allowance amount allocated to an individual loan. The following tables include the recorded investment and number of modifications for modified loans identified during the years-ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 respectively. The tables include the recorded investment in the loans prior to a modification and also the recorded investment in the loans after the loans were restructured. The modifications for the year-ended December 31, 2017 were attributable to interest rate concessions, principal concessions, maturity date extensions, modified payment terms, reamortization, and accelerated maturity. The modifications for the year-ended December 31, 2016 were attributable to interest rate concessions, maturity date extensions, modified payment terms, reamortization, and accelerated maturity. Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial - Single and multifamily 1 $ 235 $ 235 Commercial - Other 15 13,445 11,718 Commercial and industrial - Other 12 3,507 3,507 Residential - 1-4 Family 4 331 314 Consumer - Home Equity 3 122 122 35 $ 17,640 $ 15,896 Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial - Single and multifamily 5 $ 437 $ 437 Commercial - Other 5 16,651 16,651 Commercial and industrial - Other 4 555 555 Residential - 1-4 Family 2 5 5 Consumer - Home Equity 1 117 117 17 $ 17,765 $ 17,765 Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial - Construction 1 $ 123 $ 123 Commercial - Single and multifamily 2 307 307 Commercial - Other 4 8,577 7,274 Commercial and industrial - Other 6 9,041 8,904 Consumer - Other 1 999 999 14 $ 19,047 $ 17,607 The following tables disclose the recorded investment and number of modifications for TDRs for the prior years where a concession was made and the borrower subsequently defaulted in the respective reporting period. For the year ended 2017, there were three loans that were restructured that had subsequently defaulted during the period. For the period ended 2016, there were no loans that were restructured that had subsequently defaulted during the period. For the year ended 2015, there were eight loans that were restructured that had subsequently defaulted during the period. Modifications that subsequently defaulted for the twelve months ending December 31, 2017 Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial - Single and multifamily — $ — Commercial - Other 1 113 Commercial and industrial - Other 2 492 Residential - 1-4 Family — — 3 $ 605 Modifications that subsequently defaulted for the twelve months ending December 31, 2015 Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial - Single and multifamily 1 $ — Commercial - Other 1 373 Commercial and industrial - Other 4 6,579 Residential - 1-4 Family 2 169 8 $ 7,121 The following table presents the Company’s TDR activity in 2017 and 2016: (In thousands) 2017 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of year $ 33,829 $ 22,048 $ 16,714 Principal payments (3,213 ) (5,870 ) (5,460 ) TDR status change (1) — 2,235 — Other reductions (2) (4,522 ) (2,349 ) (3,160 ) Newly identified TDRs 15,896 17,765 13,954 Balance at end of year $ 41,990 $ 33,829 $ 22,048 ________________________________ (1) TDR status change classification represents TDR loans with a specified interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and the loan was on current payment status and not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement. (2) Other reductions classification consists of transfer to other real estate owned, charge-offs to loans, and other loan sale payoffs. The evaluation of certain loans individually for specific impairment includes loans that were previously classified as TDRs or continue to be classified as TDRs. As of December 31, 2017, the Company maintained no foreclosed residential real estate property. Additionally, residential mortgage loans collateralized by real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 totaled $4.9 million and $4.8 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2016, foreclosed residential real estate property totaled $151 thousand . |